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WO2012013025A1 - 提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法 - Google Patents

提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法 Download PDF

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WO2012013025A1
WO2012013025A1 PCT/CN2011/070240 CN2011070240W WO2012013025A1 WO 2012013025 A1 WO2012013025 A1 WO 2012013025A1 CN 2011070240 W CN2011070240 W CN 2011070240W WO 2012013025 A1 WO2012013025 A1 WO 2012013025A1
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fermentation
yield
fatty acid
mmol
fatty acids
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French (fr)
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黄和
仝倩倩
任路静
纪晓俊
肖爱华
魏萍
尤江英
瞿亮
龚东平
朱静瑶
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6409—Fatty acids
    • C12P7/6427—Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
    • C12P7/6434—Docosahexenoic acids [DHA]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6409—Fatty acids
    • C12P7/6427—Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6409—Fatty acids
    • C12P7/6427—Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone
    • C12P7/6432—Eicosapentaenoic acids [EPA]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the yield of polyunsaturated fatty acid fermentation, and belongs to the field of biotechnology. Background technique
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids are important components of cell and organism biofilms that regulate cell conformation, homeostasis, phase transitions, and cell membrane permeability, while also regulating membrane-related physiological processes, so they can affect The chemical composition of cells, signaling, immunity and cold adaptation, and the occurrence of diseases associated with this, PUFA can be transformed into metabolites that regulate certain physiological functions of the human body.
  • DHA docosahexaenoic acid
  • DHA is the main component of PUFA in cell membrane, and has important physiological functions, such as enhancing memory, improving intelligence, lowering blood lipids, regulating immune system, etc., and preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. , cancer, etc.
  • Docosapentaenoic acid is a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid found in human colostrum. It is a major component of human brain tissue and nerve cells. It develops the nervous system and vision of the infant, and the formation of the brain. Increased memory is essential; in addition, DPA can also promote and improve the body's immunity. DPA and DHA play a synergistic role in type II diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, asthma, ulcerative colitis, etc., and therefore have great commercial application value. This year, scientists have conducted research on the use of marine microbial fermentation to produce DHA. Common microorganisms include the genus Cryptocaryon, and the genus Vibrio.
  • Compatible solutes are intermediates of cellular metabolism, non-toxic, can regulate osmotic pressure, and prevent the violent changes of ion concentration in cells.
  • intracellular osmotic pressure changes such as when the external osmotic pressure increases, the cells begin to produce or absorb several small molecular solute, such as trehalose, betaine, certain amino acids, etc. to increase intracellular water activity and maintain intracellular and extracellular permeation.
  • small molecular solutes such as trehalose, betaine, certain amino acids, etc.
  • the relevant patents disclosed in China mainly include the following four aspects: 1. Mutagenesis screening methods for DHA-producing strains, such as the industrial application of marine fungi Schizochytrium OUC88 (200510075426.X) ), Nanjing University of Technology, "A docosahexaenoic acid producing strain and its mutagen screening method and its application” (200910033493.8), etc.; 2, regarding the composition of the medium, such as Nanjing University of Technology, "a crack Vibrio parasites and methods for producing DHA oils and fats thereof (CN200910033869.5), etc.; 3, regarding the extraction and refining of oils and fats, such as Nanjing University of Technology, “A process for extracting and refining DHA-rich fatty acids from Cryptophyta” (200710025079.3), Inner Mongolia Jindawei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., "Method for Extracting DHA Unsaturated Fatty Acid
  • Patents that have been published abroad for compatible solutes include: Adding compatible solutes to increase the amount of polypeptides, Brian D. Follstad et al., "cell culture performance with betaine” (10/226,931); adding betaine to increase lactic acid sputum, Materials and methods for efficient lactic acid production by Shengde Zhou et al.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple and efficient method for increasing the yield of polyunsaturated fatty acid fermentation, which does not harm the environment, increases manpower and material resources, and reduces costs.
  • a method for increasing the yield of polyunsaturated fatty acid fermentation wherein the Schizochytrium is used as a production strain to ferment polyunsaturated fatty acid, and a compatible solute is added to the fermentation medium.
  • the compatible solute is glycine betaine or trehalose.
  • the concentration of glycine betaine is 10 ⁇ 100 mmol/L, preferably 10 ⁇ 70 mmol/L, and the most preferred concentration is 40 mmol/L.
  • the concentration of trehalose is 10 ⁇ 200 mmol/L, preferably 40 ⁇ 200 mmol/L, and the preferred concentration is 80 mmol/L.
  • Glycine betaine is the main compatible solute produced by Schizochytrium in response to environmental stress and is relatively inexpensive, about 40 rmb/kg.
  • Trehalose is a compatible solute produced by microorganisms in response to environmental stresses, about 70 rmb/kg.
  • Exogenous compatible solutes are effective when cultured marine microorganisms are subjected to adverse fermentation conditions.
  • Such external pressure factors include, for example, high temperature, high pressure, high salt, high permeability, low permeability, drying, and the like.
  • Schizochytrium genus treated with exogenous compatible solutes can better cope with the changing environment of the outside world and increase the yield of DHA.
  • Compatible solutes are stable substances that remain in microbial cells, so the beneficial effects of compatible solutes are long-lasting.
  • the present invention in the Schizochytrium fermentation system, after treatment with exogenous glycine betaine, greatly increases the yield of PUFA produced by fermentation of Schizochytrium, and the percentage of DPA in total fatty acids increases from 11.9% to 16.2. %; DHA in total fatty acids increased from 44.1% to 49.8%; squalene mass percentage increased from 0.8% to 1.7%; and saturated fatty acids C14:0 and C16:0 accounted for a significant percentage of total fatty acids The decrease was reduced from 10.0% to 5.1% and 24.4% to 20%.
  • DHA production increased from 3.9 g/L to 5.0 g/L, an increase of 28%; DHA to biomass ratio (mg/g) increased from 57 to 72; total fatty acid production increased from 8.8 g/L to 10 g/L .
  • DHA production increased from 3.9 g/L to 7.5 g/L, an increase of 92%; biomass increased from 60 g/L to 76 g/L; DHA to biomass ratio (mg/g) Increased from 57 to 99; total fatty acid production increased from 8.8 g/L to 16.7 g/L.
  • the invention can significantly improve the PUFA content of the microorganisms by simple and effective fermentation regulation, does not harm the environment, does not increase human and material resources, and reduces the cost, and is simple and convenient, and has economic benefits.
  • the detection method of the following examples is the same as "a Schizochytrium and a method for producing DHA oil using the same” (Application No. 200910033869.5).
  • the strain is Schizochytrium HX-308, and its accession number is CCTCC No. M209059.
  • the seed medium is: D-glucose 40g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, sodium glutamate 10 g/L, MgCl 2 3 g/L, CaCl 2 2H 2 0 1 g/L, KH 2 P0 4 4 g/L, KC1 2 g/L, NaCl 15 g/L MgS0 4 -7H 2 0 5 g/L FeCl 3 0.1 g/L. (Refer to "A Schizochytrium and a Method of Producing DHA Oil Using It" (Application No. 200910033869.5)).
  • the fermentation medium is: D-glucose 40g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, sodium glutamate 10 g/L, MgCl 2 3 g/L, (NH4) 2 S0 4 6 g/L, KH 2 P0 4 4 g/L, KC1 2 g/L, NaCl 15 g/L, MgS0 4 -7H 2 0 5 g/L, FeCl 3 0.1 g/L. (Refer to "A Schizochytrium and a Method of Producing DHA Oil Using It" (Application No. 200910033869.5)).
  • total fatty acids 0 10 40 70 100 200
  • the strain is Schizochytrium HX-308, and its accession number is CCTCC No. M209059.
  • the seed culture medium is: D-glucose 40g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, sodium glutamate 10 g/L, MgCl 2 3 g/L,
  • the fermentation medium is: D-glucose 40g/L, yeast extract 2 g/L, sodium glutamate 10 g/L, MgCl 2 3 g/L, (NH4) 2 S0 4 6 g/L, KH 2 P0 4 4 g/L, KCl 2 g/L, NaCl 15 g/L, MgS0 4 -7H 2 0 5 g/L, FeCl 3 0.1 g/L.
  • total fatty acids 0 10 40 80 160 200 280

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Description

说明书 提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 属于生物技术领域。 背景技术
多烯不饱和脂肪酸 （PUFA) 是细胞和有机体生物膜的重要组成成份， 可调节细胞构 型、动态平衡、相转变及细胞膜的渗透性， 同时还调节与膜有关的生理过程， 因此它们可 以影响细胞的化学组成、信号传递、免疫及冷适应性， 以及与此相关的疾病的发生， PUFA 可以转化成调节人体某些生理功能的代谢产物。 其中， 二十二碳六烯酸 （DHA) 是细胞 膜中 PUFA的主要成份， 具有重要的生理功能， 如增强记忆， 提高智力， 降低血脂， 调节 免疫系统等功效， 还可以预防和治疗心血管疾病、 癌症等。 二十二碳五烯酸（DPA)是人 类初乳中才有的长链不饱和脂肪酸， 是人脑组织、神经细胞的主要组成成份， 对婴幼儿神 经系统和视力的发育、 大脑的形成、 记忆力的增强是必不可少的； 此外， DPA还可以促 进并提高人体的免疫能力。 DPA与 DHA起协同作用， 对 II型糖尿病， 类风湿性关节炎， 牛皮癣， 哮喘病， 溃疡性大小肠炎等有较大治疗作用， 因此具有巨大的商业应用价值。今 年来， 科学工作者开展了利用海洋微生物发酵生产 DHA的研究。 常见的微生物包括隐甲 藻属、 破囊破囊弧菌属等。
相容性溶质是细胞代谢中间产物，无毒，可调节渗透压，防止细胞中离子浓度的激变。 当细胞内渗透压激变时， 如外部渗透压升高时， 细胞开始产生或吸收几种小分子溶质， 如 海藻糖、甜菜碱、某些氨基酸等以提高细胞内水活度， 维持细胞内外渗透压平衡， 同时防 止细胞水分的流出和盐分的入侵， 这些小分子溶质即为 "相容性溶质"。
科学工作者开展了利用海洋微生物发酵生产 DHA的研究。 概括来说， 国内已公开的 有关专利主要包括以下 4个方面： 1， 关于 DHA生产菌株的诱变筛选方法， 如中国海洋 大学的《海洋真菌裂殖壶菌 OUC88的工业应用》（200410075426.X)、南京工业大学的《一 种二十二碳六烯酸生产菌株及其诱变筛选方法和其应用》（200910033493.8)等； 2， 关于 培养基的组成， 如南京工业大学的 《一种裂殖弧菌及利用其生产 DHA油脂的方法》 (CN200910033869.5)等； 3， 关于油脂的提取精制， 如南京工业大学的 《一种从隐甲藻 中提取并精制富含 DHA脂肪酸的工艺》 （200710025079.3)、 内蒙古金达威药业有限公司 等的《从双鞭甲藻发酵液中提取 DHA不饱和脂肪酸的方法》（CN200910159368.1 )等； 4， 关于 DHA的应用， 如朱阎宏等的《孕产妇营养食品》（CN200610000658.8)、 陈义的《即 食鱼丸片制备方法》 （CN200510045178.9)等。 目前， 通过简单的发酵调控来增加脂肪酸 含量的方法， 未发现报道。
国内已公开的有关相容性溶质方面的专利一般包括以下 2个方面： 1， 关于相容性溶 质的提取及制备， 如申光荣的 《一种有机绿色伺料添加剂配制及使用方法》
(CN200910109142.0) 阿克佐诺贝尔公司的《甜菜碱的制备方法》（CN00811384.X)、 国 家海洋局第三海洋研究所的《一种从中性嗜盐菌 Halomonas salina检测和提取相容性溶质 ectoine 的新方法》 （CN200610135272.8 ) 等； 2， 关于相容性溶质的应用。 较多的是应用 于提高动物的生长性能、植物产量等， 如天津生机集团股份有限公司的《一种促进水产动 物生长提高肉质的复合制剂及其制备方法》 (CN200910307231.6) 卡尔特有限公司的《提 高作物产量的方法》（95197919.1、 95197917.5等）等； 仅有一篇是用于微生物发酵方面： 天津科技大学的 《一种提高 L-谷氨酸发酵产率的新工艺》 （CN200910067618.9)。
国外已公开的有关相容性溶质的专利包括： 添加相容性溶质提高多肽量， Brian D.Follstad等的 《 cell culture performance with betaine》 （10/226,931 ); 添加甜菜碱提高乳酸 发酉孝， Shengde Zhou等的 Materials and methods for efficient lactic acid production》
(200610109332)。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种简单高效的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量 的方法， 不危害环境， 不增加人力物力， 且降低成本。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法，以裂殖壶菌为生产菌株发酵生产多烯不 饱和脂肪酸， 在发酵培养基中添加相容性溶质。
其中， 所述的相容性溶质为甘氨酸甜菜碱或海藻糖。
发酵培养基中， 甘氨酸甜菜碱的浓度为 10~100 mmol/L， 优选浓度为 10~70 mmol/L， 最优选浓度为 40 mmol/L。
发酵培养基中， 海藻糖的浓度为 10~200 mmol/L, 优选浓度为 40~200 mmol/L, 优选 浓度为 80 mmol/L o
在发酵培养基中添加少量的外源相容性溶质可以提高海洋微生物发酵生产 PUFA 的 产量。甘氨酸甜菜碱是裂殖壶菌应对环境压力时产生的主要相容性溶质， 且比较便宜， 约 40 rmb/kg。 海藻糖是微生物应对环境压力时产生的一种相容性溶质， 约 70 rmb/kg。
在发酵条件下， 在裂殖壶菌发酵产 DHA的培养基中添加甘氨酸甜菜碱或海藻糖， 以 提高 PUFA产量。培养的海洋微生物在遭受不利的发酵条件时，外源相容性溶质是有效用 的。 这样的外部压力因素包括例如高温、 高压、 高盐、 高渗、 低渗、 干燥等。 经外源相容 性溶质处理的裂殖壶菌， 能更好地应对外界不断变化的环境， 提高 DHA的产量。 相容性 溶质是存留在微生物细胞中的稳定物质， 故此， 相容性溶质的有益作用是长效的。
有益效果： 本发明， 在裂殖壶菌发酵体系中， 使用外源甘氨酸甜菜碱处理后， 大大提 高了裂殖壶菌发酵产生 PUFA 的产量， DPA 占总脂肪酸的质量百分比从 11.9% 提高到 16.2%; DHA占总脂肪酸的质量百分比从 44.1%提高到 49.8%;角鲨烯的质量百分比从 0.8% 提高到 1.7%; 而且饱和脂肪酸 C14:0和 C16:0占总脂肪酸的质量百分比也大幅度降低， 分别从 10.0%降到 5.1%、 24.4% 降到 20%。 DHA产量从 3.9 g/L提高到 5.0 g/L， 提高了 28%； DHA占生物量的比（mg/g)从 57提高到 72;总脂肪酸产量从 8.8 g/L提高到 10 g/L。
使用适量海藻糖后， DHA产量从 3.9 g/L提高到 7.5 g/L,提高了 92%;生物量从 60 g/L 提高到 76 g/L; DHA占生物量的比 （mg/g) 从 57提高到 99; 总脂肪酸产量从 8.8 g/L提 高到 16.7 g/L。
本发明通过简单有效的发酵调控， 显著提高了微生物产 PUFA含量， 不危害环境， 不 增加人力物力， 并降低了成本， 简单方便且具有经济效益。 具体实施方式
根据下述实施例， 可以更好地理解本发明。然而， 本领域的技术人员容易理解， 实施 例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制 权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
以下实施例的检测方法同 《一种裂殖壶菌及利用其生产 DHA油脂的方法》 （申请号 200910033869.5) 实施例 1 :
菌株为裂殖壶菌 HX-308, 其保藏编号为 CCTCC No. M209059。
种子培养基为： D-葡萄糖 40g/L、 酵母膏 2 g/L、 谷氨酸钠 10 g/L、 MgCl2 3 g/L, CaCl2 2H20 1 g/L、 KH2P044 g/L、 KC1 2 g/L、 NaCl 15 g/L MgS04-7H20 5 g/L FeCl30.1 g/L。 （参考《一种裂殖壶菌及利用其生产 DHA油脂的方法》 （申请号 200910033869.5))。
发酵培养基为： D-葡萄糖 40g/L、 酵母膏 2 g/L、 谷氨酸钠 10 g/L、 MgCl2 3 g/L, (NH4)2S046 g/L、 KH2P044 g/L、 KC1 2 g/L、 NaCl 15 g/L、 MgS04-7H20 5 g/L、 FeCl30.1 g/L。 (参考 《一种裂殖壶菌及利用其生产 DHA油脂的方法》 （申请号 200910033869.5))。
培养方法：将菌种接入种子培养基中，接种量为 5%(Wv);在 25°C、 170r条件下 500mL 摇瓶培养 24h 至对数期， 按 9%(Wv)的接种量接入添加了一定量甘氨酸甜菜碱 （如 10 mmol/L、 40 mmol/L、 70 mmol/L、 100 mmol/L) 的发酵培养基中培养； 发酵至葡萄糖 为 O g/L时停止。 结果见表 1。 表 1
脂肪酸 外源甘氨酸甜菜碱添加匱 (mM)
( 总脂肪酸） 0 10 40 70 100 200
C14:0 9.9 7.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 2.3
C16:0 24.4 21.5 19.9 19.5 19.0 10.9
ARA 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 -
EPA 1.5 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.6 8.6
DPA 11.9 14.5 16.2 16.0 15.8 10.5
DHA 44.1 47.8 49.8 49.0 48.1 34.9 角鲨烯 0.8 1.2 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.9 其它 7.0 6.2 5.1 5.6 6.1 30.9
DHA产量 （g/1) 3.9 4.2 5 4.7 4.3 2.3 生物量 （g/1) 69 69 69 70 70 85
DHA (mg/g生物量） 56.52 60.5 72.2 67.1 61.14 27 总脂肪酸产量 (g/1) 8.8 8.8 10 9.6 8.9 6.6 实施例 2:
菌株为裂殖壶菌 HX-308, 其保藏编号为 CCTCC No. M209059。
种子培养基为： D-葡萄糖 40g/L、 酵母膏 2 g/L、 谷氨酸钠 10 g/L、 MgCl2 3 g/L、
CaCl2 2H20 1 g/L、 KH2P044 g/L、 KCl 2 g/L、 NaCl 15 g/L、 MgS04-7H20 5 g/L FeCl30.1 g/L。
发酵培养基为： D-葡萄糖 40g/L、 酵母膏 2 g/L、 谷氨酸钠 10 g/L、 MgCl2 3 g/L、 (NH4)2S046 g/L、 KH2P044 g/L、 KCl 2 g/L、 NaCl 15 g/L、 MgS04-7H20 5 g/L、 FeCl30.1 g/L。
培养方法：将菌种接入种子培养基中，接种量为 5%(Wv);在 25°C、 170r条件下 500mL 摇瓶培养 24h至对数期， 按 9%(v/v)的接种量接入添加一定量海藻糖 （如 10 mmol/L、 40 mmol/L, 80 mmol/L) 的发酵培养基中培养； 发酵至葡萄糖量为 0 g/L时停止。 结果见表 2。 表 2
脂肪酸 外源海藻糖添加邐 L (mM)
( 总脂肪酸） 0 10 40 80 160 200 280
C14:0 9.9 9.5 9.6 10.7 11.0 11.7 11.1
C16:0 24.4 22.3 21.3 23.2 22.5 21.5 22.7
ARA 0.4 0.6 1.9 1.2 1.0 - 1.0
EPA 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.4 7.7
DPA 11.9 12.3 12.6 12.2 12.1 11.5 10.8
DHA 44.1 44.8 47.4 45 43.2 41.7 39.1 角鲨烯 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.5 - - 其它 7.0 8.1 4.5 5.5 8.3 12.2 7.6
DHA产量 （g/1) 3.9 4 4.2 7.5 7 6.3 2.2 生物量 （g/1) 69 70 74 76 78 81 76
DHA (mg/g生物
56.5 57.1 56.6 99.3 89.7 78 29 量)
总脂肪酸产量
8.8 8.9 8.9 16.7 16.2 15.1 5.6 (g/1)

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 以裂殖壶菌为生产菌株发酵生产多 烯不饱和脂肪酸， 其特征在于在发酵培养基中添加相容性溶质。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于所述 的相容性溶质为甘氨酸甜菜碱或海藻糖。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 甘氨酸甜菜碱的浓度为 10~100 mmol/L。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 甘氨酸甜菜碱的浓度为 10~70 mmol/L。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 甘氨酸甜菜碱的浓度为 40 mmol/L。
6、 根据权利要求 2所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 海藻糖的浓度为 10~200 mmol/L。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 海藻糖的浓度为 40~200 mmol/L。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的提高多烯不饱和脂肪酸发酵产量的方法， 其特征在于发酵 f基中， 海藻糖的浓度为 80 mmol/L。
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