WO2012008229A1 - 放射線撮像装置、放射線撮像システム、放射線撮像方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents
放射線撮像装置、放射線撮像システム、放射線撮像方法、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012008229A1 WO2012008229A1 PCT/JP2011/062518 JP2011062518W WO2012008229A1 WO 2012008229 A1 WO2012008229 A1 WO 2012008229A1 JP 2011062518 W JP2011062518 W JP 2011062518W WO 2012008229 A1 WO2012008229 A1 WO 2012008229A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/548—Remote control of the apparatus or devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4233—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using matrix detectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4266—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a plurality of detector units
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/46—Arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B6/467—Arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
- G01T1/247—Detector read-out circuitry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/30—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from X-rays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/713—Transfer or readout registers; Split readout registers or multiple readout registers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
- H04N5/77—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television camera
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
- H04N9/82—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback the individual colour picture signal components being recorded simultaneously only
- H04N9/8205—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback the individual colour picture signal components being recorded simultaneously only involving the multiplexing of an additional signal and the colour video signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/189—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
- H10F39/1898—Indirect radiation image sensors, e.g. using luminescent members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/191—Photoconductor image sensors
- H10F39/195—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
- H04N23/81—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for suppressing or minimising disturbance in the image signal generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/78—Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radiation imaging apparatus for imaging radiation transmitted through a human body, a radiation imaging system, a radiation imaging method, and a program.
- a portable radiation imaging apparatus such as FPD (Flat Panel Detector) for imaging the inside of a human body by detecting the intensity of radiation transmitted through the human body is used.
- the FPD (hereinafter referred to as an electronic cassette) can be imaged while the patient is placed on a bed or the like, and the imaging location can be adjusted by changing the position of the electronic cassette. It can be flexibly dealt with.
- the electronic cassette even when radiation is not irradiated, charges are generated by dark current and charges are accumulated in each pixel. Since this dark current appears as noise of a radiation image, the electronic cassette generally performs an operation of removing charges accumulated in each pixel of the electronic cassette before performing radiation imaging. Then, when performing radiation imaging, the control device instructs an imaging request to the electronic cassette and the radiation device that emits the radiation. When a radiographing request is made, the radiation apparatus starts to emit radiation, and the electronic cassette starts to expose. Then, when the irradiation of radiation ends, the electronic cassette reads out the charge accumulated by the irradiation of radiation. At this time, the irradiation timing of the radiation by the radiation device and the exposure timing of the electronic cassette are synchronized. In other words, the imaging timing is synchronized.
- JP-A-2010-081960 provides a console (control device) with a first measuring means for clocking time, and an electronic cassette with a second measuring means for clocking time synchronized with the first measuring means.
- a console control device
- an electronic cassette with a second measuring means for clocking time synchronized with the first measuring means.
- a plurality of electronic cassettes may be shared by a plurality of imaging rooms instead of arranging a plurality of electronic cassettes in each imaging room.
- a user a radiologist or the like
- the electronic cassette needs to be switched from the sleep mode to the shooting mode in accordance with an instruction from the control device (for example, the console or the system controller). Therefore, when the user misunderstands the electronic cassette, imaging is performed with the electronic cassette in the sleep mode, and a radiation image can not be acquired. Therefore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-219586 has developed a technology capable of photographing even when such an electronic cassette interchange occurs.
- JP 2009-219586 A all radio cassettes (1) are switched from the radiographing standby mode to the radiographing mode when radiographing radiographs in consideration of the possibility that a mistake will occur.
- the radiation can be detected by each cassette and the radiation detecting means (22) provided outside the subject region.
- the electronic cassette other than the electronic cassette in which the radiation detection means detects the radiation is returned to the imaging standby mode (see the summary of the same document, see FIG. 8, paragraphs [0054] to [0065]).
- the imaging timing In order to synchronize the imaging timing, it is necessary to electrically connect the control device and the radiation device. In order to electrically connect the control device and the radiation device, it is necessary for a manufacturer's service person to perform connection work at the time of installation of the system, which is costly and requires maintenance costs. In addition, when the manufacturer of the control device is different from the manufacturer of the radiation device, there are many cases where electrical connection can not be performed from the viewpoint of safety. Conversely, when the control device and the radiation device are not electrically connected, the imaging timing can not be synchronized. In this case, the electronic cassette is exposed for a time longer than the radiation irradiation time, and the electronic cassette is exposed to radiation while the electronic cassette is performing exposure, so that the electronic cassette exposes all the irradiated radiation. , Radiation images can be taken.
- the imaging timing can not be synchronized, the exposure must be performed wastefully even during a period in which the radiation is not irradiated. Many radiological images are obtained.
- a radiation image with many noises is obtained.
- the imaging timing can not be synchronized, radiation can not be emitted to the patient at an appropriate timing. If radiation is irradiated to the patient at an appropriate timing, as described above, a noisy radiation image may be obtained, which may result in re-imaging.
- the unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels before the irradiation of the radiation include charges (residual charges) corresponding to the residual image of the previous imaging. If such residual charges can not be removed reliably, a residual radiation superimposed radiation image will be obtained.
- JP 2009-219586A does not describe at all what configuration the radiation detection means has. For this reason, in the document, a configuration and a method for suitably detecting radiation irradiation have not been considered.
- the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and a radiation imaging apparatus, a radiation imaging system, and a radiation imaging method that reduce noise of a radiation image at low cost without requiring synchronization of imaging timing. , And aims to provide a program.
- Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to irradiate a subject with radiation at an appropriate timing without requiring synchronization of imaging timing.
- Another object of the present invention is to avoid unnecessary power consumption in the operation of removing unnecessary charges from pixels before radiation irradiation.
- Another object of the present invention is to reduce an afterimage superimposed on a radiation image.
- Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to take a radiation image more suitably even when there is a mistake in the radiation imaging apparatus such as an electronic cassette.
- Another object of the present invention is to improve the image quality of the radiation image and the S / N ratio.
- a first invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the radiation; And a first read control unit that executes a first read mode for simultaneously reading the electric signals stored in the plurality of rows, and the value of the electric signal read by the first read control unit can be arbitrarily set.
- An irradiation start judging unit which judges that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the threshold value becomes larger than the threshold, and the first read control unit judges the irradiation start judging unit by the irradiation start judging unit When it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation has been started, the imaging panel is shifted to the exposure state by ending the reading of the electric signal.
- the first read control unit may simultaneously read the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels at a predetermined row interval.
- the read out of the electric signal is completed at the timing when the read of the electric signal accumulated in the plurality of pixels is completed. You may terminate the
- the first read control unit may end the reading of the electrical signal at the determined timing.
- An elapsed time determination unit that determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed since the start of the radiation irradiation; and the plurality of elapsed times when the elapsed time determination unit determines that the predetermined time has elapsed
- a second read out control unit for executing a second read out mode for sequentially reading out the electric signals accumulated in the pixels in a row unit.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may repeatedly execute the first read mode, the exposure state, and the second read mode according to a preset number of captured images.
- a first invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein at least a table in which the irradiation time of the radiation is recorded corresponding to the imaging region, and an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging region selected by the user
- An irradiation time setting unit to set, and the elapsed time judging unit judges whether the irradiation time set by the irradiation time setting unit has elapsed after it is judged that the irradiation of the radiation has been started. It is characterized by judging.
- the table stores the irradiation time of the radiation corresponding to at least the imaging site and the diagnosis site, and the irradiation time setting unit sets the irradiation time corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site selected by the user.
- the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit are configured to set the number of imagings selected by the user, and the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit perform the first reading according to the number of imagings selected by the imaging number setting unit.
- the mode, the exposure state, and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed.
- the table records at least the irradiation time and the number of imagings of the radiation corresponding to the imaging site, and the first readout control unit and the second readout control unit correspond to the imaging site selected by the user.
- the first readout mode, the exposure state, and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed according to the number of imaging.
- a first invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- the imaging is completed by ending the reading of the electric signal. Moving the panel to an exposure state.
- a first invention is a program, which is a computer comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal; A first readout control unit that executes a first readout mode for simultaneously reading out the charges accumulated in the pixel in a plurality of row units, and when the value of the electrical signal read out by the first readout control unit becomes larger than a threshold value Functioning as an irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started, and the first read control unit determines that the irradiation start determination unit starts the irradiation of the radiation When it is determined, the imaging panel is shifted to the exposure state by ending the readout of the electric signal.
- the charge stored in the pixels is read out simultaneously in units of a plurality of rows to read out the charge stored in the plurality of pixels as the electrical signal by executing the first read mode.
- the start of radiation irradiation is determined based on the electrical signal and it is determined that the irradiation of radiation is started, readout of the charge is completed and transition to the accumulation state is made, so synchronization of imaging timing is not necessary, and cost is low.
- the first readout mode is executed until the start of radiation irradiation is determined, the unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels can be removed, so that the noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into charges and stores the radiation; A first readout control unit that executes a first readout mode for reading out the electrical signals stored in the pixels, and the radiation when the value of the electrical signals read by the first readout control unit becomes larger than a threshold value; An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the source to the imaging panel is started; and an elapsed time determination unit that determines whether a predetermined time that has been determined in advance has elapsed since the irradiation was started.
- a second readout mode is sequentially executed in which the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels are sequentially read in row units.
- a reading control unit wherein the first reading control unit terminates the reading of the electrical signal when it is determined by the irradiation start determination unit that the irradiation of the radiation has been started, the imaging The panel is moved to the exposure state.
- the first read control unit may sequentially read the electric signals accumulated in the pixels of a predetermined row in units of one row by execution of the first read mode.
- the imaging panel has a pixel from which an electrical signal is read out by execution of the first readout mode, and a pixel from which an electrical signal is read out by execution of the second readout mode, and the pixels of the predetermined row are It may be a pixel from which an electrical signal is read out by execution of the first read mode by the first read control unit.
- the pixels of the predetermined row may be pixels of a row arbitrarily selected by the user.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may repeatedly execute the first read mode, the exposure state, and the second read mode according to a preset number of captured images.
- a second invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein a table in which the irradiation time of the radiation is recorded corresponding to at least the imaging site, and an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging site selected by the user
- An irradiation time setting unit to set, and the elapsed time judging unit judges whether the irradiation time set by the irradiation time setting unit has elapsed after it is judged that the irradiation of the radiation has been started. It is characterized by judging.
- the table stores the irradiation time of the radiation corresponding to at least the imaging site and the diagnosis site, and the irradiation time setting unit sets the irradiation time corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site selected by the user.
- the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit are configured to set the number of imagings selected by the user, and the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit execute the first reading mode according to the number of imagings selected by the imaging number setting unit.
- the exposure state and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed.
- the table records at least the irradiation time and the number of imagings of the radiation corresponding to the imaging site, and the first readout control unit and the second readout control unit correspond to the imaging site selected by the user.
- the first readout mode, the exposure state, and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed according to the number of imaging.
- a second invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- a second invention is a program, wherein a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal, is predetermined
- a first read out control unit that executes a first read out mode for reading out the electric signals stored in the pixels of the row, and the value of the electric signals read out by the first read out control unit becomes larger than a threshold value;
- An irradiation start determination unit that determines that irradiation of the radiation from the source to the imaging panel has started; and an elapsed time determination unit that determines whether a predetermined time that has been determined in advance has elapsed since irradiation of the radiation was started;
- a second readout mode in which the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels are sequentially read out in units of one row when it is determined by the elapsed time determination unit that the predetermined time has elapsed.
- the first readout control unit terminates readout of the electrical signal when it is determined by the irradiation start determination unit that irradiation of the radiation has been started. And moving the imaging panel to an exposure state.
- the first readout mode for reading out the electrical signal stored in the predetermined pixel is executed based on the electrical signal read out.
- the exposure state is entered, and the electric signals accumulated in the pixels are sequentially read out in units of one row after a predetermined time that has been determined in advance has elapsed.
- the second readout mode is executed after the elapse of a predetermined time which has been determined in advance, if the predetermined time is defined as the irradiation time of radiation, unnecessary exposure is not required after the completion of the irradiation of the radiation. Can be reduced. Since the electric signal stored in the predetermined pixel is read out, the power consumption in the first read mode can be suppressed. In addition, since the pixels other than the pixels determined in advance are in the exposure state even in the first readout mode, the radiation can be photographed without wasting the radiation.
- a third invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the image; A first read control unit that executes a first read mode for reading the read electric signal, and the value of the electric signal read by the first read control unit is larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value; An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started, and the value of the electric signal is the value of the electric signal after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of execution of the first readout mode And a first read mode stop determination unit configured to stop the first read mode when the threshold is not reached.
- the first read control unit shifts the imaging panel to an exposure state after stopping the first read mode.
- the radiation imaging apparatus includes a movement detecting unit for detecting movement of the radiation imaging apparatus, and a visible light indicating an irradiation field of the radiation output from an irradiation field lamp before outputting the radiation from the radiation source.
- a light detection unit that detects light; a second readout control unit that executes a second readout mode that sequentially reads out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of one row; and the movement detection unit or the light detection unit.
- an image acquisition determination unit that determines whether or not to execute the second readout mode based on a detection result, and when the image acquisition determination unit determines that the second readout mode is to be executed. It is preferable that the second readout control unit sequentially reads out electric signals from the plurality of pixels in an exposed state in units of one row.
- the image acquisition determination unit acquires the electrical signal as a radiation image of the subject, while If the value of the electrical signal does not reach the predetermined value, the electrical signal may be released to the ground to end the second readout mode.
- the radiation imaging apparatus further includes a second readout control unit that executes a second readout mode that sequentially reads out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of one row, and the second readout control unit After the first readout mode is stopped, a reset operation may be performed to release the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels to the ground.
- the radiation imaging apparatus determines at least the operation stop of the imaging panel and shifts the radiation imaging apparatus to the sleep state. It is desirable to further include a sleep state transition determination unit that causes the
- the radiation imaging apparatus detects a movement of the apparatus, and a visible light indicating an irradiation field of the radiation output from the irradiation field lamp before outputting the radiation from the radiation source. It further comprises: a light detection unit to detect; and a first read mode restart determination unit that determines whether to resume execution of the first read mode based on the detection result of the movement detection unit or the light detection unit.
- the first read control unit may resume execution of the first read mode when the first read mode restart determination unit determines that execution of the first read mode should be resumed.
- the first readout control unit may simultaneously read out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units, or a predetermined row among the plurality of pixels.
- the electrical signal stored in the pixel of the pixel may be read out.
- the radiation imaging apparatus may further include a first notification unit for notifying the outside that the first readout mode is stopped, and in that case, the first notification unit is configured to perform the first readout mode.
- a sound output unit outputting a sound indicating stop, a light output unit outputting light indicating stop of the first readout mode, and a first communication externally transmitting a notification signal notifying stop of the first readout mode Of the parts, at least one is preferred.
- a third invention is a radiation imaging system having the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein a table on which imaging conditions including at least the irradiation time of the radiation are recorded, and an imaging menu related to the irradiation of the radiation based on the imaging conditions Based on the notification signal, and a second communication unit that transmits at least the shooting menu to the first communication unit while receiving the notification signal from the first communication unit; And a second notification unit that notifies that the first read mode has stopped.
- the radiation imaging system further includes an input unit for the user to select an imaging condition according to the imaging region of the subject from the imaging conditions recorded in the table, and the imaging menu registration unit May register a shooting menu including the shooting condition selected by the user operating the input unit, and the second communication unit may transmit the registered shooting menu to the first communication unit.
- the imaging menu registration unit when the imaging menu registration unit re-registers the imaging menu after the notification signal is received by the second communication unit, or when the user operates the input unit.
- an instruction signal generation unit for generating an instruction signal instructing restart of the execution of the first readout mode, wherein the second communication unit transmits the photographing menu after the re-registration and the instruction signal to the first communication.
- the radiation imaging apparatus transmits the instruction signal to the first communication unit, and the radiation imaging apparatus executes the first readout mode based on the instruction signal received by the first communication unit.
- the system further comprises a first read mode restart judging unit which judges that the image should be resumed, the first read control unit is a photographing menu after the re-registration received by the first communication unit, and the first read mode restart judging unit. Determination result, or, on the basis of the determination result, it may resume execution of the first read mode.
- the second notification unit is a display unit that displays an image that indicates the stop of the first read mode, a sound output unit that outputs a sound that indicates the stop of the first read mode, and the first read mode It is preferable that at least one of the light output units that output light indicating stop of the light emission.
- a third invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal. Performing a first readout mode for reading out the electrical signal stored in the pixel, and determining whether the value of the electrical signal read out by the execution of the first readout mode is larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value. And determining that the value of the electrical signal does not reach the threshold even after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of execution of the first readout mode, the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel And deactivating the first readout mode, determining that the irradiation of the light emitting diode is not started.
- a third invention is a program, which is a computer comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source which has passed through an object into an electrical signal and stores it; A first read control unit that executes a first read mode for reading out the stored electric signal, and when the value of the electric signal read by the first read control unit is larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value, An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started, and the value of the electric signal is the threshold even if a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of execution of the first readout mode When the first read mode is not reached, it functions as a first read mode stop determination unit for stopping the first read mode.
- the start of radiation irradiation is determined based on the electrical signal read from the pixel by execution of the first readout mode, synchronization of imaging timing is not necessary, and the cost is reduced.
- the first readout mode is performed before the start of radiation irradiation, unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the first readout mode is stopped if the value of the electrical signal does not reach the threshold even after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of execution of the first readout mode, so radiation irradiation is performed. It is possible to avoid unnecessary power consumption for the execution of the first read mode in the previous.
- a fourth invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the radiation; A first read out control unit that executes a first read out mode for reading out the electric signal stored in the pixel based on a shooting menu related to the mode, and a mode transition to determine whether or not the execution of the first read out mode is started A determination unit; and a first notification unit for notifying the determination result of the mode transition determination unit to the outside when the mode transition determination unit determines that the execution of the first read mode is started. I assume.
- the first readout control unit may simultaneously read out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units, or may accumulate the electrical signals in pixels of a predetermined row among the plurality of pixels.
- the electrical signal may be read out.
- the radiation imaging apparatus when the value of the electrical signal read by the first readout control unit becomes larger than a threshold that can be arbitrarily set, irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is performed. May further include an irradiation start determination unit instructing the first readout control unit to end reading out the electrical signal and shift the imaging panel to the exposure state. .
- the first notification unit outputs a sound output unit that outputs a sound indicating the determination result, a light output unit that outputs light indicating the determination result, and a notification signal indicating the determination result to the outside It is desirable that at least one of the communication units is one.
- a fourth invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein a table on which an imaging condition including at least the irradiation time of the radiation is recorded, and an imaging menu for registering the imaging menu based on the imaging condition A registration unit, a second communication unit that transmits the shooting menu to the first communication unit, and that receives the notification signal from the first communication unit, and an execution of the first readout mode based on the notification signal And a second notification unit for notifying that the start has been started.
- the radiation imaging system further includes an input unit for the user to select an imaging condition according to the imaging region of the subject from the imaging conditions recorded in the table, and the imaging menu registration unit
- the user registers the photographing menu including the photographing condition selected by the user operating the input unit, and the second communication unit transmits the registered photographing menu to the first communication unit, (1)
- the read control unit may execute the first read mode based on the shooting menu when the first communication unit receives the shooting menu.
- the radiation imaging apparatus performs a second readout mode for sequentially reading out electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of one row, and the first communication unit receives the imaging menu Control the first read control unit to start the execution of the first read mode, or switch the execution of the second read mode to the execution of the first read mode.
- the image pickup control unit may further include an imaging control unit that controls the first read control unit and the second read control unit.
- the second readout control unit executes the second readout mode prior to the execution of the first readout mode by the first readout control unit, whereby the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels are
- a reset operation is performed to sequentially read out as an offset signal in units of one row, or to discharge the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels to the ground.
- the second notification unit may be a display unit that displays an image indicating the start of execution of the first readout mode, a sound output unit that outputs a sound indicating the start of execution of the first readout mode, and
- the light output unit may be at least one of the light output unit that outputs the light indicating the start of the execution of the (1) readout mode.
- the radiation imaging system further includes the radiation source and a radiation switch for causing the radiation source to output the radiation due to a user operation, and the first notification unit and / or the second notification unit Preferably, the user is permitted to operate the radiation switch by notifying the user.
- a fourth invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal. Executing a first readout mode for reading out the electrical signal stored in the pixel based on a radiographing menu related to the irradiation of the radiation; and determining that the execution of the first readout mode has been started; And notifying the outside of the determination result of the start of execution of the first read mode.
- a fourth invention is a program, which is a computer comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal; A first read out control unit that executes a first read out mode for reading out the electric signal stored in the pixel based on a shooting menu related to irradiation, and a mode transition to determine whether or not the execution of the first read out mode is started
- the control unit is characterized in that it functions as a first notification unit that notifies the determination result of the mode transition determination unit to the outside when the mode transition determination unit determines that the execution of the first read mode is started. Do.
- the radiation imaging apparatus reaches a state in which radiation can be emitted. Therefore, in the fourth invention, it is possible to notify the outside of the appropriate timing of the radiation irradiation by determining the start of the execution of the first readout mode and notifying the determination result to the outside. Therefore, after the notification of the determination result, radiation of high quality can be obtained by irradiating the subject with radiation. In addition, the occurrence of re-imaging can be avoided by irradiating radiation at an appropriate timing.
- radiation of radiation to an object at an appropriate timing can be performed without requiring synchronization of imaging timing, so noise of a radiation image can be reduced at low cost.
- a fifth invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the radiation; And a first read control unit for executing a first read mode for reading an electric signal stored in a pixel corresponding to the photographing area of the subject set in the photographing menu relating to When the value of the electric signal becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value, it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started, and the electricity of the first readout control unit An irradiation start determination unit for instructing the imaging panel to shift to the exposure state after the signal readout is ended, and a predetermined time has elapsed since the irradiation of the radiation is started When the, characterized in that it comprises a second read control unit for executing a second read mode for sequentially reading out the electric signals accumulated in the pixels corresponding to the imaging area one line at a time.
- the first readout control unit may simultaneously read the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels corresponding to the imaging area at a predetermined row interval, or among the plurality of pixels corresponding to the imaging area, The electrical signals stored in the pixels of a predetermined row may be sequentially read out in units of one row.
- the first readout control unit determines that the timing at which the readout of the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels is completed. The reading of the electrical signal may be terminated. Alternatively, when it is determined that the irradiation start is started by the irradiation start determination unit, the first read control unit may end the reading of the electrical signal at the determined timing.
- the first readout control unit may simultaneously read out the electrical signals accumulated in a plurality of pixels in a row and a column corresponding to the imaging region at a predetermined row interval, or a row and a column corresponding to the imaging region Among the plurality of pixels, the electric signal stored in the pixels of the predetermined row is sequentially read out in units of one row, and the second readout control unit sequentially applies the plurality of pixels of the row and column corresponding to the imaging region.
- the stored electrical signals may be read out sequentially in units of one row.
- the second readout control unit offsets the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in the row and column corresponding to the imaging region prior to the execution of the first readout mode by the first readout control unit.
- the offset signal readout mode may be performed to sequentially read out in units of one row, or a reset operation may be performed to release the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels to the ground.
- the radiation imaging apparatus controls a communication unit that transmits and receives signals to and from the outside, the imaging panel, a first read control unit, the irradiation start determination unit, the second read control unit, and the communication unit.
- the imaging control unit further includes an imaging control unit that, when the communication unit receives the imaging menu from the outside, the imaging area of the imaging panel based on the imaging area set in the imaging menu. Detecting the rows and columns of the plurality of pixels corresponding to the plurality of pixels, and causing the first readout control unit and the second readout control unit to execute readout of electrical signals for the plurality of pixels in the detected row and column. It is also good.
- the communication unit may transmit and receive signals wirelessly with the outside.
- the radiation imaging apparatus may further include a power supply unit that supplies power to each unit in the apparatus, and the power supply unit may be a battery. Furthermore, it is desirable that the radiation imaging apparatus be a portable imaging apparatus.
- a fifth invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein a table in which an imaging condition including at least the irradiation time of the radiation is recorded in association with an imaging region of the subject, and the imaging condition
- the imaging menu registration unit may register the imaging menu including the imaging area, and the transmission unit may transmit the imaging menu to the communication unit.
- a fifth invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal. Performing a first readout mode for reading out the electrical signal stored in the pixel corresponding to the imaging region of the subject set in the imaging menu related to the irradiation of the radiation; and reading out by performing the first readout mode
- the value of the electrical signal becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value, it is determined that the radiation source has started to apply the radiation to the imaging panel, and the radiation has been started. And, when the imaging panel is brought into the exposure state, the readout of the electrical signal is terminated, and the radiation irradiation is performed.
- a predetermined time characterized in that it comprises the steps of: performing a second read mode for sequentially reading out the electric signals accumulated in the pixels corresponding to the imaging area one line at a time.
- a fifth invention is a program, comprising: a computer comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal;
- the first readout control unit for executing a first readout mode for reading out the electrical signal stored in the pixel corresponding to the imaging area of the subject set in the imaging menu related to irradiation, read by the first readout control unit
- the value of the electric signal becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value, it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started, and the electricity of the first readout control unit
- An irradiation start determination unit for instructing the imaging panel to shift to the exposure state after the signal readout is ended; and after the irradiation of the radiation is started When the time has elapsed, characterized in that function as a second read control unit, which executes a second read mode for sequentially reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the
- the start of radiation irradiation is determined based on the electrical signal read from the pixel by execution of the first readout mode, and when it is determined that the radiation irradiation is started, the readout of the charge is completed. Since the storage state is shifted, there is no need to synchronize the imaging timing, and the cost is reduced. In addition, since the first readout mode is executed until the start of radiation irradiation is determined, unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the fifth invention instead of reading out the electric signals accumulated in all the pixels constituting the imaging panel, only the electric signals accumulated in the pixels corresponding to the photographing area of the subject set in the photographing menu are the first Since reading is performed using the reading control unit or the second reading control unit, it is possible to reduce power consumption for reading an electric signal and to reliably acquire a radiation image of the imaging region.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the radiation; A first reading mode for executing a first reading mode for reading out the electric signals stored in a plurality of rows simultaneously or reading out electric signals stored in pixels of a predetermined row among the plurality of pixels Refer to the control history, the second readout control unit that executes the second readout mode that sequentially reads out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of one row, and the imaging history included in the imaging menu related to the irradiation of the radiation And the execution of the first read mode or the execution of the second read mode is determined, and the reading of the electrical signal according to the determined mode is performed to the first read control unit or the second read control unit. Characterized in that and an imaging control unit for.
- the imaging control unit refers to the imaging history, and in the case where the previous imaging is imaging with a relatively large dose, the second readout mode, the first readout mode, and the second readout.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may be caused to read out electric signals to the plurality of pixels in order of the mode.
- the imaging control unit refers to the imaging history, and a predetermined time has elapsed since the previous imaging, or the current imaging is imaging with a relatively small dose, or the current imaging is relatively short.
- the first readout control unit and the second readout control unit perform readout of electrical signals for the plurality of pixels in the order of the first readout mode and the second readout mode. It may be performed by
- the imaging control unit refers to the irradiation time of the radiation included in the imaging menu and the imaging history, changes the line interval at which the electric signal is simultaneously read out, and changes the line interval at the changed line interval. Controlling the first readout control unit to execute the first readout mode, or changing a predetermined row, and performing the first readout mode on pixels of the changed row; The read control unit may be controlled.
- the first readout control unit may simultaneously read out the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels at a predetermined row interval, or one row unit of the electrical signals stored in the pixels of the predetermined row.
- the radiation imaging apparatus sequentially reads out the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel when the value of the electrical signal read by the first readout control unit becomes larger than a threshold that can be arbitrarily set.
- an irradiation start determination unit for instructing the first read control unit to end reading of the electric signal and causing the imaging panel to shift to the exposure state.
- the second readout control unit executes the second readout mode when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the irradiation of the radiation, whereby the electricity accumulated in the plurality of pixels is generated. No. may be read out.
- the first read control unit determines that the irradiation start is started by the irradiation start determination unit
- the electric signal is stored at the timing when the reading of the electric signal accumulated in the plurality of pixels is completed. Signal readout may be terminated.
- the first read control unit may end the reading of the electrical signal at the determined timing.
- a sixth invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein a table in which imaging conditions including at least the irradiation time of the radiation are recorded in association with an imaging region of the subject, and the imaging history is recorded And a photographing menu registration unit for registering the photographing menu based on the photographing condition and the photographing history.
- a sixth invention is a radiation imaging method performed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- a first readout mode in which electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels are read out simultaneously in a plurality of row units, or electrical signals stored in pixels in a predetermined row of the plurality of pixels are read out; Determining the execution of any one of the second readout modes of sequentially reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of one row, and the electricity accumulated in the plurality of pixels in the determined mode Reading out the signal.
- a sixth invention is a program, which is a computer comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal; A first reading mode is executed to simultaneously read out the electric signals stored in the pixels in a plurality of row units, or read out the electric signals stored in the pixels of a predetermined row among the plurality of pixels.
- a reading control unit for executing a second reading mode for sequentially reading out electric signals stored in the plurality of pixels in units of one row, and an imaging history included in an imaging menu related to the irradiation of the radiation
- the execution of the first read mode or the execution of the second read mode is determined, and the read according to the determined mode is sent to the first read control unit or the second read control unit. Characterized in that to function imaging control unit to line, as.
- the start of radiation irradiation is determined based on the electrical signal read from the pixel by execution of the first readout mode, and when it is determined that the radiation irradiation is started, the readout of charges is completed. Since the storage state is shifted, there is no need to synchronize the imaging timing, and the cost is reduced. In addition, since the first readout mode is executed until the start of radiation irradiation is determined, unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- execution of the first readout mode or execution of the second readout mode is determined with reference to the imaging history included in the imaging menu, and the first readout control means or the second readout is performed according to the determined mode. Since the control means is made to read out the charge (electrical signal), the residual charge resulting from the previous imaging can be reliably removed from the pixel before radiation irradiation, and generation of a residual radiation superimposed radiation image is avoided. Thus, high quality radiation images can be obtained.
- a seventh invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the radiation; Read out by the first read control unit, which executes the first read mode simultaneously reading out the electric signals stored in the plurality of rows simultaneously through the electric signal amplifier set to the first read gain; An irradiation start judging unit which judges that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the value of the output electric signal becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold, and the first readout control When the irradiation start determination unit determines that the irradiation of the radiation has been started, the unit causes the imaging panel to shift to the exposure state by ending the reading of the electric signal.
- the irradiation end determination unit determines the end of the irradiation of the radiation, and when the irradiation end determination unit determines that the irradiation of the radiation has ended, the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels are 1
- a second read control unit for executing a second read mode for sequentially reading out through the electric signal amplifier set to the second read gain in units of rows, wherein the first read gain is set lower than the second read gain. It is characterized by being.
- the irradiation end determination unit is an elapsed time determination unit that determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed since the start of the irradiation of the radiation, and the second read control unit determines the elapsed time.
- a second readout mode is sequentially read out via the electrical signal amplifier in which the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels are set to the second readout gain in units of one row. It may be executed.
- the irradiation end determination unit is a radiation detection sensor
- the second readout control unit determines that the irradiation of the radiation is completed based on the output of the radiation detection sensor, the electricity stored in the plurality of pixels is stored.
- a second read mode may be performed in which signals are sequentially read out via the electric signal amplifier set to the second read gain in units of one row.
- the first read control unit may simultaneously read the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels at a predetermined row interval.
- the first read control unit sets the first read gain when the first read control unit sets the first read gain.
- the gain at the time of setting the dose may be set lower than the gain at the time of the small dose setting.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may set the first read gain and the second read gain according to a photographing condition.
- the irradiation start determination unit sets a start time threshold at the start of the first read mode with respect to setting of the threshold when the first read control unit executes the first read mode, and the first read mode is performed.
- a normal threshold value is set, which is a value obtained by adding a predetermined value to the values of the electric signals in a plurality of row units read out first, and which is smaller than the threshold value at the start time. It may be set to the threshold after the next read of.
- the normal threshold monitoring unit monitoring the normal threshold is provided, and the normal threshold monitoring unit notifies the outside when the monitored normal threshold exceeds a predetermined value. It is also good.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may repeatedly execute the first read mode, the exposure state, and the second read mode according to a preset number of captured images.
- the irradiation start determination unit sets the threshold value in the first readout mode in the order of the start threshold value and the normal threshold value for the first number of captured images, After the second image, the normal threshold may be set as the threshold in the first read mode.
- the electric signal amplifier may be a charge amplifier configured using a capacitor and an operational amplifier.
- a seventh invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus and at least a radiation source.
- a seventh invention is a radiation imaging method, which is executed by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- a radiation readout method comprising: a first readout control step of executing a first readout mode in which the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels are simultaneously readout via an electrical signal amplifier set to a first readout gain in a plurality of row units If the value of the electrical signal read by the first read control unit becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold value, it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started.
- the imaging panel is shifted to the exposure state by ending the readout of the electric signal, and the irradiation completion determination step determines the completion of the radiation irradiation, and the irradiation completion determination step ends the irradiation completion.
- a seventh invention is a program, which controls the imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through a subject into an electrical signal and stores the plurality of computers.
- a first readout control unit that executes a first readout mode that simultaneously reads out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels via the electrical signal amplifier set to the first readout gain in units of a plurality of rows, read by the first readout control unit
- An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the value of the output electric signal becomes larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold; the first readout control The unit exposes the imaging panel by terminating the readout of the electrical signal when it is determined by the irradiation start determination unit that the irradiation of the radiation has been started.
- the irradiation end determination unit that determines the end of the irradiation of the radiation and the irradiation end determination unit determine that the irradiation of the radiation has ended it is accumulated in the plurality of pixels. It functions as a second read control unit that executes a second read mode in which electric signals are sequentially read via the electric signal amplifier set to the second read gain in units of one row, and the first read gain is the second read It is characterized in that it is set lower than the gain.
- the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels are read out by simultaneously reading the electrical signals stored in the pixels through the electrical signal amplifier set to the first readout gain in units of a plurality of rows.
- the first read mode is performed to determine the start of radiation irradiation based on the read electrical signal, and when it is determined that the irradiation of radiation is started, the read out of the electrical signal is ended and the storage state is entered, There is no need to synchronize shooting timing, and the cost is reduced.
- the first read mode is executed until it is determined that radiation irradiation has been started, unnecessary electric signals accumulated in the pixels can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the electric signal stored in the plurality of pixels is set to a second reading gain higher than the first reading gain in units of one row via the electric signal amplifier. Since the second read mode to read out sequentially is executed, in the first read mode, even when the value of the electric signal read by the first read control unit becomes larger than the threshold which can be arbitrarily set, The output of the electric signal amplifier does not become excessive or saturated, and in the second read mode, the output value of the electric signal amplifier can be set to an appropriate size.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention is a radiation imaging apparatus, comprising: an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix that converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object during at least an exposure period into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- the first read control unit for executing a first read mode for simultaneously reading the electric signals stored in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units, and the value of the electric signals read by the first read control unit are arbitrary.
- An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the threshold is larger than a threshold that can be set to 4; and the irradiation start determination unit starts the irradiation of the radiation
- an all-pixel reset control unit performing an all-pixel reset process for discarding the electrical signals accumulated in all the pixels when determined, and the all-pixel reset process is completed.
- the all-pixel reset control unit further determines that the first readout mode in the first readout control unit is completed after the irradiation start determination unit determines that the irradiation of the radiation has been started. Pixel reset processing may be performed.
- the all pixels reset control unit activates the activation processing unit that simultaneously activates all the rows connected to all the pixels when the first readout mode in the first readout control unit ends. It is possible to have a switch control unit that connects all the columns and drains during the period of processing.
- the all-pixel reset control unit may perform the all-pixel reset process when it is determined by the irradiation start determination unit that the irradiation of the radiation has been started.
- the all-pixel reset control unit may have a mask processing unit that invalidates the first readout mode in the first readout control unit when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation has been started.
- a mask processing unit that invalidates the first readout mode in the first readout control unit when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation has been started.
- the imaging panel may shift to the exposure state from the time when the all pixel reset processing is completed, and the exposure period may be started.
- An elapsed time determination unit that determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed since the start of the exposure period; and when it is determined by the elapsed time determination unit that the predetermined time has elapsed
- a second readout control unit may be provided which executes a second readout mode in which the electrical signals stored in the pixels are sequentially read out in units of one row.
- the first read control unit and the second read control unit may repeatedly execute the first read mode, the exposure state, and the second read mode according to a preset number of captured images.
- An eighth invention is a radiation imaging system including the radiation imaging apparatus, wherein at least a table in which the irradiation time of the radiation is recorded corresponding to the imaging region, and an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging region selected by the user And an irradiation time setting unit to set, wherein the elapsed time judging unit judges whether the irradiation time set by the irradiation time setting unit has elapsed after it is judged that the irradiation of the radiation has been started. It is characterized by
- the table stores the irradiation time of the radiation corresponding to at least the imaging site and the diagnosis site, and the irradiation time setting unit sets the irradiation time corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site selected by the user.
- the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit are configured to set the number of imagings selected by the user, and the first reading control unit and the second reading control unit perform the first reading according to the number of imagings selected by the imaging number setting unit.
- the mode, the exposure state, and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed.
- the table records at least the irradiation time and the number of imagings of the radiation corresponding to the imaging site, and the first readout control unit and the second readout control unit correspond to the imaging site selected by the user.
- the first readout mode, the exposure state, and the second readout mode may be repeatedly executed according to the number of imaging.
- An eighth aspect of the invention is a radiation imaging method implemented by a computer including an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix for converting radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object at least during an exposure period into an electrical signal and storing the electrical signal.
- Performing a first readout mode for simultaneously reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units, and the value of the electrical signals read out by the execution of the first readout mode It is determined that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the threshold is larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold, and it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation is started. And discarding the electrical signal stored in the pixel to shift the imaging panel to the exposure state.
- An eighth invention is a program, comprising: a computer having an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, which converts radiation from a radiation source transmitted through an object during at least an exposure period into an electrical signal and stores the electrical signal.
- a first readout control unit for executing a first readout mode for simultaneously reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units, and any value of the electrical signals read out by the first readout control unit
- An irradiation start determination unit that determines that the irradiation of the radiation from the radiation source to the imaging panel is started when the threshold is larger than a threshold that can be set, and the irradiation start determination unit determines that the irradiation of the radiation is started Function as an all pixel reset control unit that discards the electrical signals accumulated in all pixels and shifts the imaging panel to the exposure state. And wherein the Rukoto.
- the start of radiation irradiation is determined based on the electrical signal read from the pixel by execution of the first readout mode, and when it is determined that the radiation irradiation is started, the readout of the charge is completed. Since the storage state is shifted, there is no need to synchronize the imaging timing, and the cost is reduced. In addition, since the first readout mode is executed until the start of radiation irradiation is determined, unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixels can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the electric signals accumulated in all the pixels are discarded, so electric signals of all the pixels are set at the start of the exposure period. It can be made to be almost the same, and it is possible to almost eliminate variations in electrical signals between pixels. This leads to the improvement of the image quality of the radiation image and the improvement of the S / N ratio.
- a ninth invention is a radiation imaging system comprising: a radiation source that outputs radiation; a plurality of radiation imaging devices that acquire radiation images; and a control device that controls the radiation source and the plurality of radiation imaging devices.
- the plurality of radiation imaging devices may include a radiation conversion panel in which a plurality of pixels, which convert the radiation transmitted through the subject into charge and store the charge, are arranged in a matrix, and reading out the charge stored in the plurality of pixels.
- a readout control unit for outputting information of the radiation image based on the charges, the readout control unit reading out the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels simultaneously in a plurality of row units, A first readout mode for reading out the charge accumulated in a plurality of pixels as a first electric signal not used for generating the radiation image; and the charge accumulated in the plurality of pixels By reading out in units of one row, it is possible to execute a second readout mode in which the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels are read out as a second electrical signal used to generate the radiation image, and the control device
- the read control unit of the plurality of radiation imaging apparatuses requests execution of the first read mode, and the read control unit receives the request of execution of the first read mode, After the radiation conversion panel detects the radiation, the second readout mode is executed to output information of the radiation image.
- the present invention when taking a radiation image, it is possible to take radiation images with a plurality of radiation imaging devices. Therefore, even when the user (radiologist or the like) misunderstands the radiation imaging apparatus, imaging can be performed. In addition, radiation detection is performed using a radiation conversion panel that acquires radiation image information. For this reason, it is not necessary to use radiation detection means other than a radiation conversion panel, and it becomes possible to attain miniaturization of a radiation imaging device.
- the first readout mode since the charges accumulated in the pixels are read out simultaneously in a plurality of row units, it is possible to determine the start of radiation irradiation early and accurately. That is, since the charges accumulated in the pixels are added and read out, when the radiation is irradiated, the obtained value is dramatically larger than when the radiation is not irradiated, so the irradiation of the radiation is performed. The start can be determined early. As a result, it is possible to quickly shift from the first read mode in which charges are read in a plurality of row units to the second read mode in which charges are read in a row unit. Therefore, the irradiation time of the radiation for determining the start of the irradiation of the radiation can be short (the irradiation amount can be small), and the energy of the radiation can be effectively used.
- the control cycle per row can be shortened as compared to the case where reading is performed in units of one row.
- the second readout mode is used to detect the start of radiation irradiation, and then the transition from the first readout mode to the second readout mode is more effective than when the radiation image information to be actually used as a radiation image is acquired. Deviation of the charge amount of each pixel at the start of acquisition of radiation image information actually used as a radiation image is reduced. For this reason, in the ninth invention, it becomes easy to prevent the occurrence of an artifact.
- the ninth aspect of the present invention it is possible to more preferably capture a radiation image even when there is a mistake in the radiation imaging apparatus such as an electronic cassette.
- the readout control unit which has received the request for execution of the first readout mode, determines that the amount of charge accumulated in the plurality of pixels during the execution of the first readout mode is the radiation irradiation. When the threshold is exceeded, it may be determined that the radiation has been applied.
- the plurality of radiation imaging apparatuses executing the first readout mode detect the radiation, the plurality of radiation imaging apparatuses notify another radiation imaging apparatus of detection of the radiation directly or via the control apparatus, and receive the notification Another radiation imaging apparatus may abort the first readout mode.
- radiation imaging apparatuses other than the radiation imaging apparatus that have detected radiation can stop the first readout mode and suppress power consumption thereafter.
- the read control unit may read the charge from only a part of the plurality of pixels when executing the first read mode. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of power consumption or the amount of computation during execution of the first read mode.
- the control device receives an input of imaging conditions of a radiation image from the outside, determines one of the plurality of radiation imaging devices that conforms to the imaging conditions, and for the radiation imaging device that conforms to the imaging conditions And, when the radiation is detected during the first readout mode, command the execution of the second readout mode, and for the radiation imaging apparatus not meeting the imaging conditions, detect the radiation during the first readout mode Then, without executing the second readout mode, the controller is instructed to notify the control unit of the detection of the radiation, and when the detection of the radiation is notified from the radiation imaging apparatus not meeting the imaging conditions, the user is notified Warning may be given.
- a radiation imaging apparatus that does not match the imaging conditions is erroneously selected, it is possible to prompt the user to perform imaging again.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention is a radiation conversion panel in which a plurality of pixels, which convert radiation transmitted through an object into charges, are stored in a matrix, and readout of the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels. And a readout control unit that outputs information on a radiation image based on the charges, wherein the readout control unit simultaneously reads out the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units.
- a ninth invention uses a radiation imaging system having a radiation source for outputting radiation, a plurality of radiation imaging devices for acquiring a radiation image, and a control device for controlling the radiation source and the plurality of radiation imaging devices.
- a radiation imaging method wherein the plurality of radiation imaging devices store a radiation conversion panel in which a plurality of pixels for converting and storing the radiation transmitted through a subject into charge are arranged in a matrix, and the plurality of pixels
- a readout control unit that controls readout of the stored charge and outputs information of the radiation image based on the charge, and the readout control unit is configured to store the charge accumulated in the plurality of pixels in units of a plurality of rows
- the first readout mode in which the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels are read out as a first electrical signal not used for generating a radiation image
- the plurality of images It is possible to execute the second readout mode in which the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels are read out as the second electric signal used to generate the radiation image by reading out the
- a radiation conversion panel in which a plurality of pixels for converting radiation transmitted through an object into charge and storing the charges are arranged in a matrix, and readout of charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels is controlled.
- a program used in a radiation imaging apparatus including a readout control unit that outputs information of a radiation image based on the charge, wherein the readout control unit simultaneously reads out the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a plurality of row units
- the first readout mode for reading out the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels as a first electric signal not used for generating a radiation image, and reading out the charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels in a row unit
- the reading control unit executes the first reading mode, and then, when the radiation is detected, the reading control unit executes the second reading mode Information of the radiation image is output.
- the ninth aspect of the present invention it is possible to more preferably capture a radiation image even when there is a mix-up of a radiation imaging apparatus such as an electronic cassette.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of the electronic cassette shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows roughly the structure for 3 pixels of the radiation detector shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a TFT and a charge storage unit shown in FIG. 4; It is an electrical schematic block diagram of the electronic cassette shown in FIG. It is detail drawing of a radiation conversion panel, a gate drive part, a charge amplifier, and a multiplexer part which are shown in FIG.
- 10 is a time chart of an input signal input from the cassette control unit to the gate drive unit and an output signal output from the gate drive unit to the cassette control unit in the sequential readout mode.
- 10 is a time chart of an input signal input from the cassette control unit to the gate drive unit and an output signal output from the gate drive unit to the cassette control unit in the scan mode.
- It is an electrical schematic block diagram of a system controller and a console. It is a figure which shows an example of the table shown in FIG. It is a flow chart which shows operation of a system controller and a console of a radiation imaging system. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 5 is a time chart showing the operation of the electronic cassette when the number of captured images is set to 2; It is a case where radiation is detected when the charge accumulated in the pixel in the zeroth row is read out, and the state of the charge accumulated in the pixels in each row when transitioning to the accumulation state after one cycle of the scan mode ends is described.
- FIG. It is a case where radiation is detected when the charge accumulated in the pixel in the 238th row is read out, and the state of the charge accumulated in the pixel in each row when transitioning to the accumulation state after completion of one cycle of the scan mode is shown.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels in each row when reading of the charges accumulated in the pixels in the scan mode is immediately ended when the radiation is detected and the state is shifted to the accumulation state.
- FIG. 18 is a time chart showing the operation of the electronic cassette in the modification 3.
- FIG. 18 is a partial detailed view of a radiation conversion panel of Modification 4;
- FIG. 18 is a partial detailed view of a radiation conversion panel of Modification 5;
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a radiation imaging system of Modification 7; It is an electrical schematic block diagram of the electronic cassette shown in FIG. It is an electrical schematic block diagram of a system controller and a console which are shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart for describing a part of the operation of the modification 7;
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart for describing a part of the operation of the modification 7;
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart for describing a part of the operation of the modification 7;
- FIG. 18 is an electrical schematic block diagram of an electronic cassette according to a modification 8;
- FIG. 18 is an electrical schematic configuration diagram of a system controller and a console according to a modification 8; It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cassette control unit of modification 8;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic explanatory view of a radiation conversion panel of modification 9;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic explanatory view of a radiation conversion panel of modification 9;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic explanatory view of a radiation conversion panel of modification 9;
- FIG. 21 is a schematic explanatory view of a radiation conversion panel of modification 9;
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the modification 10;
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the modification 10;
- FIG. It is a detailed view of a radiation conversion panel, a gate drive part, charge amplifier, and a multiplexer part concerning modification 11 which can change change setup of charge amplifier gain.
- FIG. 39A is a circuit diagram of a charge amplifier capable of gain switching in two steps
- FIG. 39B is a circuit diagram of a charge amplifier capable of gain switching in three steps.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an electronic cassette according to modification 13 with a part omitted. It is a circuit diagram showing an example of a mask treating part.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels in each row when reading of the charges accumulated in the pixels in the scan mode is immediately ended when the radiation is detected and the state is shifted to the accumulation state.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an electronic cassette according to modification 14 with a part omitted.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an all line activation circuit. It is a case where radiation is detected when the charge accumulated in the pixel in the zeroth row is read, and all pixels are reset after one cycle of the scan mode, and then pixels in each row are shifted to the exposure state It is a figure which shows the mode of the charge accumulate
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an operation of a cassette control unit of the electronic cassette according to Modification 14.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an electronic cassette according to modification 15 with a part omitted.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a mask processing unit and an all line activation circuit.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an operation of the cassette control unit of the electronic cassette according to Modification 15.
- FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of a radiation imaging system according to modification 16;
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing operations of a system controller and a console of a radiation imaging system according to modification 16;
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an operation of a cassette control unit according to modification 16;
- FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an operation of a cassette control unit according to modification 16.
- FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radiation imaging system 10 of the present embodiment.
- the radiation imaging system 10 detects the radiation 16 transmitted to the patient 16 who is the subject 14 lying on the imaging table 12 such as a bed, and the radiation 16 transmitted through the subject 14 and converts the radiation 16 into a radiation image.
- UWB Ultra Wide Band
- IEEE 802.11 Transmission and reception of signals are performed by a wireless LAN such as a / b / g / n or wireless communication using a millimeter wave or the like. Note that signals may be transmitted and received by wired communication using a cable.
- the system controller 24 is connected to a RIS (radiology department information system) 30 that comprehensively manages radiation images and other information handled in the radiology department in the hospital, and the RIS 30 is used to generalize medical information in the hospital.
- RIS radiology department information system
- An HIS Medical Information System
- the radiation device 18 comprises a radiation source 34 for emitting the radiation 16, a radiation control device 36 for controlling the radiation source 34, and a radiation switch 38.
- the radiation source 34 irradiates the electronic cassette 20 with radiation 16.
- the radiation 16 emitted by the radiation source 34 may be X-ray, ⁇ -ray, ⁇ -ray, ⁇ -ray, electron beam or the like.
- the radiation switch 38 is configured to have a two-step stroke, and the radiation control device 36 prepares to irradiate the radiation 16 when the radiation switch 38 is half-pressed by the user, and from the radiation source 34 when fully pressed. The radiation 16 is irradiated.
- the radiation control device 36 has an input device (not shown), and the user can set the irradiation time of the radiation 16, the tube voltage, the tube current and the like by operating the input device.
- the radiation control device 36 irradiates the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34 based on the set irradiation time and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the electronic cassette 20 shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a III-III sectional view of the electronic cassette 20 shown in FIG.
- the electronic cassette 20 includes a panel unit 52 and a control unit 54 disposed on the panel unit 52.
- the thickness of the panel unit 52 is set to be thinner than the thickness of the control unit 54.
- the panel unit 52 has a substantially rectangular casing 56 made of a material that can transmit the radiation 16, and the imaging surface 42 of the panel unit 52 is irradiated with the radiation 16.
- a guide line 58 indicating an imaging region and an imaging position of the subject 14 is formed in a substantially central portion of the imaging surface 42.
- the outer frame of the guide wire 58 becomes an image captureable area 60 showing the radiation field of the radiation 16.
- the center position of the guide line 58 (the intersection point at which the guide line 58 crosses in a cross shape) is the center position of the image captureable area 60.
- the panel unit 52 includes a radiation detector (imaging panel) 66 having a scintillator 62 and a radiation conversion panel 64, and a drive circuit unit 106 (see FIG. 6) for driving the radiation conversion panel 64, which will be described later.
- the scintillator 62 converts the radiation 16 transmitted through the subject 14 into fluorescence included in the visible light region.
- the radiation conversion panel 64 is an indirect conversion type radiation conversion panel that converts the fluorescence converted by the scintillator 62 into an electrical signal.
- the scintillator 62 and the radiation conversion panel 64 are disposed in the housing 56 in order from the imaging surface 42 to which the radiation 16 is irradiated.
- the radiation conversion panel 64 is a direct type radiation conversion panel that converts the radiation 16 directly into an electrical signal
- the radiation conversion panel 64 is the radiation detector 66. In this case, the scintillator 62 is unnecessary.
- the control unit 54 has a substantially rectangular housing 68 made of a material impermeable to the radiation 16.
- the housing 68 extends along one end of the imaging surface 42, and the control unit 54 is disposed outside the imageable area 60 on the imaging surface 42.
- a cassette control unit (imaging control unit) 122 that controls a panel unit 52 described later
- a memory 124 as a buffer memory that stores image data of the captured radiation image
- a communication unit (first notification unit, first communication unit) 126 capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving signals between them and 24 and a power supply unit (power supply unit) 128 such as a battery are arranged (see FIG. 6). ).
- the power supply unit 128 supplies power to the cassette control unit 122 and the communication unit 126.
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a configuration of three pixels of the radiation detector 66.
- the radiation detector 66 has a substrate 70 on which TFTs (Thin Film Transistors) 72 and charge storage units 74 which are field effect thin film transistors, a sensor unit 76, and a scintillator 62 are sequentially stacked.
- the sensor unit 76 constitutes a pixel.
- the pixels are arranged in a matrix on the substrate 70, and each TFT (switching element) 72 outputs the charge of the charge storage portion 74 of the pixel connected to itself.
- the scintillator 62 is formed on the sensor unit 76 via the transparent insulating film 78, and forms a film of a phosphor that converts the radiation 16 incident from above (the side opposite to the substrate 70) into light and emits light. It is a thing.
- the wavelength range of light emitted by the scintillator 62 is preferably a visible light range (wavelength 360 nm to 830 nm), and in order to enable monochrome imaging by the radiation detector 66, it includes a green wavelength range. Is more preferred.
- the phosphor used for the scintillator 62 is preferably one containing gadolinium oxide sulfur (GOS) or cesium iodide (CsI) when imaging using X-rays as the radiation 16, and the emission spectrum at the time of X-ray irradiation is 420 nm to It is particularly preferred to use CsI (Tl) at 700 nm.
- the emission peak wavelength of CsI (Tl) in the visible light range is 565 nm.
- the sensor unit 76 includes an upper electrode 80, a lower electrode 82, and a photoelectric conversion film 84 disposed between the upper and lower electrodes 80 and 82.
- the upper electrode 80 is preferably made of a conductive material that is transparent to at least the emission wavelength of the scintillator 62 because the light generated by the scintillator 62 needs to be incident on the photoelectric conversion film 84.
- the photoelectric conversion film 84 includes an organic photoconductor (OPC), absorbs light emitted from the scintillator 62, and generates a charge according to the absorbed light. If it is a photoelectric conversion film 84 containing an organic photoconductor, it has a sharp absorption spectrum in the visible light range, and electromagnetic waves other than that emitted by the scintillator 62 are hardly absorbed by the photoelectric conversion film 84, and the radiation 16 is photoelectrically Noise generated by absorption by the conversion film 84 can be effectively suppressed.
- OPC organic photoconductor
- the peak wavelength of the organic photoconductor constituting the photoelectric conversion film 84 be closer to the light emission peak wavelength of the scintillator 62 in order to absorb the light emitted by the scintillator 62 most efficiently.
- the absorption peak wavelength of the organic photoconductor and the emission peak wavelength of the scintillator 62 match, but if the difference between the two is small, it is possible to sufficiently absorb the light emitted from the scintillator 62. .
- the difference between the absorption peak wavelength of the organic photoconductor and the emission peak wavelength of the scintillator 62 with respect to the radiation 16 is preferably 10 nm or less, and more preferably 5 nm or less.
- organic photoconductors that can satisfy such conditions include quinacridone organic compounds and phthalocyanine organic compounds.
- quinacridone organic compounds since the absorption peak wavelength of quinacridone in the visible light range is 560 nm, if using quinacridone as the organic photoconductor and CsI (Ti) as the material of the scintillator 62, the difference between the above peak wavelengths should be within 5 nm. As a result, the amount of charge generated in the photoelectric conversion film 84 can be almost maximized.
- An electromagnetic wave absorption / photoelectric conversion site can be formed by an organic layer including a pair of electrodes 80 and 82 and the photoelectric conversion film 84 sandwiched between the electrodes 80 and 82.
- This organic layer is a stack or mixture of an electromagnetic wave absorbing site, a photoelectric conversion site, an electron transporting site, a hole transporting site, an electron blocking site, an electron blocking site, a crystallization blocking site, an electrode, and an interlayer contact improving site. It can be formed by
- the organic layer preferably contains an organic p-type compound or an organic n-type compound.
- the organic p-type compound is a donor organic compound (semiconductor) mainly represented by a hole transporting organic compound, and refers to an organic compound having a property of easily giving an electron. More specifically, it refers to an organic compound having a smaller ionization potential when used in contact with two organic materials. Therefore, as the donor organic compound, any organic compound having an electron donating property can be used.
- the organic n-type compound is an acceptor-type organic compound (semiconductor) mainly represented by an electron transporting organic compound, and refers to an organic compound having a property of easily accepting an electron. More specifically, it refers to the organic compound having a larger electron affinity when used in contact with two organic compounds. Therefore, as the acceptor type organic compound, any organic compound can be used as long as it is an electron-accepting organic compound.
- the materials applicable as the organic p-type compound and the organic n-type compound, and the configuration of the photoelectric conversion film 84 are described in detail in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-32854, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the lower electrode 82 is a thin film divided for each pixel portion.
- the lower electrode 82 can be made of a transparent or opaque conductive material, and aluminum, silver or the like can be suitably used.
- a predetermined bias voltage is applied between the upper electrode 80 and the lower electrode 82 to move one of the charges (holes, electrons) generated in the photoelectric conversion film 84 to the upper electrode 80. And move the other to the lower electrode 82.
- a wire is connected to the upper electrode 80, and a bias voltage is applied to the upper electrode 80 through the wire.
- the bias voltage is determined to have a polarity such that electrons generated in the photoelectric conversion film 84 move to the upper electrode 80 and holes move to the lower electrode 82, but the polarity is opposite. May be
- the sensor section 76 constituting each pixel may include at least the lower electrode 82, the photoelectric conversion film 84, and the upper electrode 80. However, in order to suppress an increase in dark current, the electron blocking film 86 and the hole blocking film It is preferable to provide at least one of 88, and it is more preferable to provide both.
- the electron blocking film 86 can be provided between the lower electrode 82 and the photoelectric conversion film 84, and when a bias voltage is applied between the lower electrode 82 and the upper electrode 80, the photoelectric conversion film 84 from the lower electrode 82 is It is possible to suppress an increase in dark current due to the injection of electrons into the For the electron blocking film 86, an electron donating organic material can be used.
- the material actually used for the electron blocking film 86 may be selected according to the material of the adjacent lower electrode 82, the material of the adjacent photoelectric conversion film 84, etc.
- the work function (Wf) of the material of the adjacent lower electrode 82 It is preferable that the electron affinity (Ea) is larger by 1.3 eV or more and Ip equal to or smaller than the ionization potential (Ip) of the material of the adjacent photoelectric conversion film 84 is preferable.
- the material applicable as the electron donating organic material is described in detail in JP-A-2009-32854, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the thickness of the electron blocking film 86 is preferably 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and particularly preferably, in order to surely exert the dark current suppressing effect and prevent the decrease in photoelectric conversion of the sensor unit 76. 50 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the hole blocking film 88 can be provided between the photoelectric conversion film 84 and the upper electrode 80, and when a bias voltage is applied between the lower electrode 82 and the upper electrode 80, the photoelectric conversion film from the upper electrode 80 is It is possible to suppress an increase in dark current due to the injection of holes into the electrode 84.
- the thickness of the hole blocking film 88 is preferably 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or more and 150 nm or less, in order to reliably exert the dark current suppressing effect and prevent the decrease in photoelectric conversion of the sensor unit 76. Preferably, they are 50 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the material used for the hole blocking film 88 may be selected according to the material of the adjacent upper electrode 80, the material of the adjacent photoelectric conversion film 84, etc., and the work function (Wf) of the material of the adjacent upper electrode 80 It is preferable that the ionization potential (Ip) is higher by 1.3 eV or more and Ea equal to the electron affinity (Ea) of the material of the adjacent photoelectric conversion film 84 or Ea larger than that.
- the materials applicable as the electron-accepting organic material are described in detail in JP-A-2009-32854, and the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the TFT 72 and the charge storage unit 74.
- a charge storage portion 74 for storing the charge transferred to the lower electrode 82 and a TFT 72 for converting the charge stored in the charge storage portion 74 into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal are formed.
- the region where the charge storage portion 74 and the TFT 72 are formed has a portion overlapping with the lower electrode 82 in plan view, and with such a configuration, the TFT 72 and the sensor portion 76 in each pixel have a thickness. It will have an overlap in the direction. In order to minimize the planar area of the radiation detector 66, it is preferable that the region where the charge storage portion 74 and the TFT 72 are formed be completely covered by the lower electrode 82.
- Charge storage portion 74 is electrically connected to corresponding lower electrode 82 through a wire of a conductive material formed through insulating film 90 provided between substrate 70 and lower electrode 82. . Thereby, the charge collected by the lower electrode 82 can be moved to the charge storage portion 74.
- a gate electrode 92, a gate insulating film 94, and an active layer (channel layer) 96 are stacked, and further, a source electrode 98 and a drain electrode 100 are formed on the active layer 96 at predetermined intervals.
- the active layer 96 is formed of an amorphous oxide.
- the amorphous oxide constituting the active layer 96 is preferably an oxide containing at least one of In, Ga and Zn (for example, In—O-based), and at least two of In, Ga and Zn Oxides containing (for example, In-Zn-O-based, In-Ga-based, Ga-Zn-O-based) are more preferable, and oxides containing all of In, Ga and Zn are particularly preferable.
- In—Ga—Zn—O-based amorphous oxide an amorphous oxide whose composition in the crystalline state is represented by InGaO 3 (ZnO) m (m is a natural number less than 6) is preferable, and in particular, InGaZnO 4 is more preferable.
- the active layer 96 of the TFT 72 is formed of an amorphous oxide
- the generation of noise in the TFT 72 can be effectively performed because the radiation 16 such as X-rays is not absorbed or remains very small even if absorbed. It can be suppressed.
- both the amorphous oxide forming the active layer 96 of the TFT 72 and the organic photoconductor forming the photoelectric conversion film 84 can be formed at a low temperature. Therefore, the substrate 70 is not limited to a highly heat-resistant substrate such as a semiconductor substrate, a quartz substrate, and a glass substrate, and a flexible substrate such as plastic, aramid, and bio-nanofiber can be used.
- polyester terephthalate such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene phthalate, polyethylene naphthalate etc., polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, polyarylate, polyimide, polycycloolefin, norbornene resin, poly (chlorotrifluoroethylene) etc.
- a substrate can also be used. By using such a plastic flexible substrate, weight reduction can be achieved, which is advantageous, for example, for portability.
- Aramid can be applied to a high temperature process of 200 degrees or more, so that the transparent electrode material can be cured at high temperature to reduce resistance, and can cope with automatic mounting of a driver IC including a solder reflow process.
- aramid has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) and a glass substrate, warpage after manufacturing is small and cracking is difficult.
- aramid can form the substrate 70 thinner than a glass substrate or the like.
- the substrate 70 may be formed by laminating an ultra thin glass substrate and aramid.
- the bio-nanofiber is a composite of a cellulose microfibril bundle (bacterial cellulose) produced by bacteria (Acetobacter, Acetobacter Xylinun) and a transparent resin.
- Cellulose microfibril bundles are 50 nm in width and 1/10 in size with respect to visible light wavelength, and have high strength, high elasticity, and low thermal expansion.
- a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin
- a bio-nanofiber exhibiting a light transmittance of about 90% at a wavelength of 500 nm can be obtained while containing 60-70% of fibers.
- Bionanofibers have a thermal expansion coefficient (3-7 ppm) comparable to that of silicon crystals, and are thinner than glass substrates because they have steel-like strength (460 MPa), high elasticity (30 GPa), and flexibility.
- the substrate 70 can be formed.
- the TFT 72, the charge storage portion 74, the sensor portion 76, and the transparent insulating film 78 are sequentially formed on the substrate 70, and an adhesive resin or the like with low light absorption is used on the substrate 70.
- the radiation detector 66 is formed by attaching the scintillator 62.
- the one formed up to the transparent insulating film 78 is called a radiation conversion panel 64.
- the radiation detector 66 has the photoelectric conversion film 84 made of an organic photoconductor, and the photoelectric conversion film 84 hardly absorbs the radiation 16. For this reason, the radiation detector 66 according to the present embodiment can reduce the amount of absorption of the radiation 16 by the photoelectric conversion film 84 even when the radiation 16 passes through the radiation conversion panel 64 due to back side irradiation. It is possible to suppress the decrease in sensitivity. In backside irradiation, the radiation 16 passes through the radiation conversion panel 64 and reaches the scintillator 62.
- the photoelectric conversion film 84 of the radiation conversion panel 64 is made of an organic photoconductor, the radiation 16 of the photoelectric conversion film 84 Since there is almost no absorption and the attenuation of the radiation 16 can be suppressed, it is also suitable for backside illumination.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical construction of the electronic cassette 20 shown in FIG.
- the electronic cassette 20 has a structure in which the pixels 102 are arranged on the TFTs 72 in a matrix.
- the pixels 102 are arranged in a matrix and have photoelectric conversion elements (not shown).
- a charge signal (electrical signal) can be read out as a pixel value of an analog signal through the signal line 112.
- the pixels 102 and the TFTs 72 are arranged in an array of 4.times.vertically four by four.
- the TFTs 72 connected to the respective pixels 102 are connected to gate lines 110 extending in the row direction and signal lines 112 extending in the column direction.
- Each gate line 110 is connected to a gate drive unit 114 constituting a drive circuit unit 106
- each signal line 112 is connected to a multiplexer unit 118 constituting the drive circuit unit 106 via a charge amplifier (electrical signal amplifier) 116.
- the multiplexer unit 118 is connected to an AD conversion unit 120 that converts an electrical signal of an analog signal into an electrical signal of a digital signal.
- the AD conversion unit 120 outputs, to the cassette control unit 122, an electrical signal (a pixel value of the digital signal, hereinafter also referred to as a digital value) converted into a digital signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 controls the entire electronic cassette 20, and also includes a clock circuit (not shown) and functions as a timer. By causing the information processing apparatus such as a computer to read a predetermined program, the computer can function as the cassette control unit 122 of the present embodiment.
- a memory 124 and a communication unit 126 are connected to the cassette control unit 122.
- the memory 124 stores pixel values of digital signals, and the communication unit 126 transmits and receives signals to and from the system controller 24.
- the communication unit 126 packet-transmits one image (one frame image) configured by arranging a plurality of pixel values in a matrix to the system controller 24 in units of one row.
- the power supply unit 128 supplies power to the cassette control unit 122, the memory 124, and the communication unit 126.
- the bias power supply 108 supplies the power transmitted from the cassette control unit 122 to each pixel 102.
- the cassette control unit 122 includes a first read control unit 130, an irradiation start determination unit 132, an elapsed time determination unit (irradiation end determination unit or irradiation end determination unit) 134, and a second read control unit 136.
- the first readout control unit 130 executes a scan mode (first readout mode) for reading out the charge stored in each pixel 102 by simultaneously reading out the charge stored in the pixel 102 in units of a plurality of lines. .
- the first read control unit 130 executes the scan mode by controlling the gate drive unit 114, the charge amplifier 116, the multiplexer unit 118, and the AD conversion unit 120.
- the scan mode as the first readout mode is a high-speed readout mode in which image data of one frame can be read out in a short time as compared to the sequential readout mode as the second readout mode described later.
- the gate drive unit 114 turns on the TFTs 72 in the zeroth row and the second row, for example, by outputting gate signals to the gate lines 110 in the zeroth row and the second row (see FIG. The 0th row and the 2nd row are activated), and the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th row and the 2nd row via the respective signal lines 112 are read out simultaneously.
- the read charge of each column is output to the charge amplifier 116 of each column as a charge signal (pixel value).
- the electric signal input to the charge amplifier 116 is the electricity accumulated in the pixels 102 in the zeroth row and the second row.
- the signal is added. That is, the electric signals accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th and 2nd lines are added for each column, and the added electric signal is output to the charge amplifier 116 in each column.
- the charges of the pixels in the zeroth row and the second row can be added and read.
- the charge amplifier 116 converts the input charge signal into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the multiplexer unit 118.
- the multiplexer unit 118 sequentially selects the input voltage signal and outputs the same to the AD conversion unit 120.
- the AD conversion unit 120 converts the input voltage signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal.
- the electrical signals (pixel values) accumulated in the pixels 102 in the zeroth row and the second row are added for each column and output from the AD conversion unit 120 as electrical signals (pixel values) of digital signals.
- the electrical signal (pixel value) of the digital signal output from the AD conversion unit 120 is sent to the cassette control unit 122, and the cassette control unit 122 stores the sent digital value in the memory 124. That is, the memory 124 stores image data in which the image data of the zeroth row and the second row is added for each column.
- the gate driver 114 reads out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th and 2nd rows as described above, this time, by sending gate signals to the gate lines 110 in the 1st and 3rd rows. , The TFTs 72 in the first and third rows are turned on (the first and third rows are activated), and are stored in the pixels 102 in the first and third rows via the signal lines 112. Read out the charge (electrical signal) simultaneously. The read electric signal is sent as a digital signal to the cassette control unit 122 through the above-described operation, and stored in the memory 124.
- the first read control unit 130 ends the execution of the scan mode. At this time, when the reading of the image data of one frame is not completed, the execution of the scan mode is ended after the reading of the image data of one frame is completed.
- the image data of one frame can be read in a short time, and the noise charge accumulated in the pixel 102 can be removed in a short time. Since the charge stored in the pixel 102 is read out in the scan mode, even when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the exposure state can be immediately transitioned, and the radiation 16 having image information is wasted too much. There is no need to Conversely, when noise charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are removed in the sequential readout mode described later, it takes time to read out one frame of image data, and radiation 16 is read during readout of one frame of image data. When it is determined that the irradiation of the light source is started, the exposure state can not be immediately shifted, and the radiation 16 which is image information is wasted.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines whether the digital value read by the first read control unit 130 and stored in the memory 124 is larger than a threshold. When the digital value is larger than the threshold value, it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started. That is, the irradiation start determination unit 132 detects the radiation 16 depending on whether the obtained digital value is larger than the threshold. When the radiation 16 is not irradiated, the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is noise and is very small. However, when the radiation 16 is irradiated and enters the electronic cassette 20, the charge stored in the pixel 102 is greater than when the radiation 16 is not irradiated. Therefore, when the electrical signal read out in the scan mode and converted into a digital signal is larger than the threshold value, it can be determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been started.
- the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 can be determined early and accurately. That is, by adding the charge of the pixel 102, when the radiation 16 is irradiated, the electric signal of the digital signal obtained becomes dramatically large, so that the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 can be determined early. . Conversely, the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 can be detected early by lowering the threshold value without adding the charge stored in the pixel 102, but the ratio of the noise of the electrical signal to the threshold increases. It is not possible to accurately detect the start of radiation 16 irradiation. Note that this threshold can be set arbitrarily by the user.
- the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed since the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16.
- the predetermined time may be a time during which the radiation source 34 irradiates the radiation 16, or a time during which the electronic cassette 20 exposes the radiation 16 to capture a radiation image.
- the predetermined predetermined time is stored in the memory 124.
- the second readout control unit 136 executes a sequential readout mode (second readout mode) in which the electrical signals accumulated in the pixels 102 are sequentially read out in units of one row.
- the second read control unit 136 controls the gate driving unit 114, the charge amplifier 116, the multiplexer unit 118, and the AD conversion unit 120 to sequentially execute the read mode.
- the gate drive unit 114 turns on the TFT 72 in the 0th row by outputting a gate signal to the gate line 110 in the 0th row (activates the 0th row), The charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the zeroth row is read out via each signal line 112. The read charge of each column is output as a charge signal (pixel value) to the charge amplifier 116 of each column and converted into a voltage signal.
- the converted voltage signal is output to the multiplexer unit 118, and the electrical signal (pixel value) accumulated in the pixel 102 in the zeroth row by the AD conversion unit 120 is sent to the cassette control unit 122 as a digital signal, and the memory It is stored in 124. That is, the image data of the 0th line is stored in the memory 124.
- the gate driver 114 When the gate driver 114 reads out the charge accumulated in the pixels 102 in the zeroth row, it sends a gate signal to the gate lines 110 in the first row to turn on the TFTs 72 in the first row ((1 The lines are activated), and the charges (electrical signals) accumulated in the pixels 102 in the first line are read out via the signal lines 112.
- the read electric signal is sent as a digital signal to the cassette control unit 122 through the above-described operation, and stored in the memory 124.
- the gate drive unit 114 reads out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the second row, and then accumulated in the pixels 102 in the third row. Read out the charge.
- the cassette control unit 122 sequentially transmits the image data of one line stored in the memory 124 to the system controller 24 via the communication unit 126. That is, the image data for one line is sequentially transmitted in line units. Note that image data for one frame may be transmitted at once, instead of row units.
- FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the radiation conversion panel 64, the gate drive unit 114, the charge amplifier 116, and the multiplexer unit 118 shown in FIG.
- the gate drive unit 114 has 12 gate drive circuits 150 (first to twelfth gate drive circuits 150), and 240 gate lines 110 are connected to each gate drive circuit 150.
- Each gate drive circuit 150 reads out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 connected via the TFT 72 to the 240 gate lines 110 connected to itself. That is, each gate drive circuit 150 reads out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the region (the 0th row to the 239th row) in charge of reading by itself.
- the first to twelfth gate drive circuits 150 are collectively referred to as a gate drive circuit 150.
- the multiplexer unit 118 includes nine multiplexers 152 (first to ninth multiplexers 152), and each multiplexer 152 is connected with 256 signal lines 112.
- the charge signal of the pixel 102 in the region (0th column to 255th column) in which the multiplexer 152 is in charge is input to each multiplexer 152 via the charge amplifier 116.
- the first to ninth multiplexers 152 are generically referred to as a multiplexer 152.
- the radiation conversion panel 64 has 2880 (240 ⁇ 12) vertical ⁇ 2304 (256 ⁇ 9) horizontal pixels 102 and TFTs 72.
- the AD conversion unit 120 includes nine A / D converters 154 (first to ninth A / D converters 154), and voltage signals output from the multiplexers 152 are supplied to the A / D converters 154. It is output. Specifically, the voltage signal output from the first multiplexer 152 is output to the first A / D converter 154, and the voltage signal output from the second multiplexer 152 is output to the second A / D converter 154. It is output. Thus, the voltage signal output from each multiplexer 152 is output to the A / D converter 154 corresponding to each multiplexer 152.
- the A / D converter 154 converts the input voltage signal into a voltage signal of a digital signal.
- the first to ninth A / D converters 154 are collectively referred to as an A / D converter 154.
- Each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially turns on the TFTs 72 in units of rows.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in units of rows are sequentially read out, and are output as charge signals to the charge amplifier 116 via the signal line 112.
- each gate drive circuit 150 selects the gate line 110 in the 0th row (the row to be read first) out of the plurality of gate lines 110 connected to itself, and the selected gate line 110 is selected.
- the gate signal is output to turn on the TFT 72 in the 0th row, and the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 0th row is read out.
- the gate line 110 in the first row (the row to be read second) is selected, and a gate signal is output to the selected gate line 110.
- the TFTs 72 in the first row are turned on to read out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the first row.
- the gate lines 110 are sequentially selected up to the 239th row (the row to be read last), such as the second and third rows, and a gate signal is output to the selected gate line 110, whereby the TFT 72 is formed.
- the charge stored in the pixels 102 in each row is read by sequentially turning on the unit.
- Each charge amplifier 116 includes an operational amplifier (operational amplifier) 156, a capacitor 158, and a switch 160.
- the charge amplifier 116 converts the charge signal input to the operational amplifier 156 into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal.
- the charge amplifier 116 amplifies the electric signal with the gain set by the cassette control unit 122 and outputs it.
- the switch 160 is on, the charge stored in the capacitor 158 is discharged by the closed circuit of the capacitor 158 and the switch 160, and the charge stored in the pixel 102 is closed. It is released to GND (ground potential) via 156.
- the operation of turning on the switch 160 to discharge the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 to GND (ground potential) is referred to as a reset operation (blank read operation). That is, in the case of the reset operation, the voltage signal corresponding to the charge signal stored in the pixel 102 is discarded without being output to the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. In the present embodiment, in the case of “reading out the charge stored in the pixel 102”, a voltage signal corresponding to the charge stored in the pixel 102 is output to the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. .
- each charge amplifier 116 The voltage signal converted by each charge amplifier 116 is output to each multiplexer 152.
- the multiplexer 152 sequentially selects and outputs the plurality of input voltage signals in accordance with the control signal from the cassette control unit 122.
- Each A / D converter 154 converts the voltage signal output from each multiplexer 152 into a digital signal, and outputs the converted digital signal to the cassette control unit 122.
- FIG. 8 is a time chart of an input signal input from the cassette control unit 122 to the gate drive unit 114 and an output signal output from the gate drive unit 114 to the cassette control unit 122 in the sequential readout mode.
- the cassette control unit 122 outputs an input signal (drive signal) a1 to the first gate drive circuit 150.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 that the first gate drive circuit 150 takes charge of from the 0th row, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110.
- the TFTs 72 are sequentially turned on in units of rows, and the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are read out in units of rows.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 outputs the output signal (end signal) b1 to the cassette control unit 122 when the last row (239 rows) is selected.
- the cassette control unit 122 receives the end signal b 1, the cassette control unit 122 outputs an input signal (drive signal) a 2 to the second gate drive circuit 150.
- the second gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 that the second gate drive circuit 150 takes charge of from the 0th row, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110.
- the TFTs 72 are sequentially turned on in units of rows, and the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are read out in units of rows.
- the second gate drive circuit 150 outputs an output signal (end signal) b2 to the cassette control unit 122 when the last row (239 rows) is selected.
- the cassette control unit 122 receives the end signal b 2
- the cassette control unit 122 inputs an input signal (drive signal) a 3 to the third gate drive circuit 150. Such an operation is performed up to the twelfth gate drive circuit 150.
- the respective gate drive circuits 150 are sequentially driven, and accumulation is performed in the pixels 102 row by row. Read out the stored charges sequentially. As a result, the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th to 2879th rows of the radiation conversion panel 64 are sequentially read out in units of rows from the 0th row. In this sequential readout mode, it takes about 173 ⁇ sec to read out one row of charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in consideration of the image quality of the radiation image to be captured. Therefore, in the sequential readout mode, it takes about 500 msec (173 ⁇ sec / l ⁇ 2880 line) to read out all the rows (2880 rows).
- FIG. 9 is a time chart of an input signal input from the cassette control unit 122 to the gate drive unit 114 and an output signal output from the gate drive unit 114 to the cassette control unit 122 in the scan mode.
- the cassette control unit 122 In the scan mode, the cassette control unit 122 simultaneously outputs the input signals c1 to c12 to the first to twelfth gate drive circuits 150.
- the first to twelfth gate drive circuits 150 sequentially select the gate lines 110 that they are in charge from the 0th row, and gate signals are selected to the selected gate lines 110. Output.
- the TFTs 72 in the area handled by each gate drive circuit 150 are sequentially turned on row by row, and the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area handled by each gate drive circuit 150 are sequentially read out row by row.
- each gate drive circuit 150 outputs each output signal (end signal) d1 to d12 to the cassette control unit 122 when the last row (239 rows) is selected.
- the electronic cassette 20 is connected to the plurality of pixels 102 arranged in a matrix, the plurality of TFTs 72 arranged in a matrix for reading the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102, and the TFTs 72 in each row.
- a plurality of gate driving circuits are connected in parallel along the column direction, in which a plurality of gate lines 110 parallel to the row direction and a plurality of gate lines 110 are connected, and gate signals are output to the TFTs 72 of each row via the gate lines 110 150 and at least a plurality of signal lines 112 parallel to the column direction for reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102.
- the gate of the TFT 72 is connected to the gate line 110, and the source is connected to the pixel 102. Further, the drain of the TFT 72 is connected to the signal line 112.
- each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 connected to the gate drive circuit 150, and turns on the TFT 72 by outputting a gate signal to the selected gate line 110. Electrical signals accumulated in the pixels 102 connected to oneself via a plurality of signal lines 112 are sequentially read out in units of rows.
- the first readout control unit 130 executes a scan mode in which electrical signals accumulated in a plurality of pixels 102 are simultaneously read out in units of a plurality of rows by simultaneously inputting a drive signal c to each gate drive circuit 150.
- the second read control unit 136 of the cassette control unit 122 drives the gate drive circuits 150 in order by sequentially inputting the drive signal a to the gate drive circuits 150 to sequentially drive the electric signals of the plurality of pixels 102 in one row. Execute a sequential read mode to read sequentially in units.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic electrical block diagram of the system controller 24 and the console 26.
- the console 26 includes an input unit 200 for receiving an input operation by the user, a control unit 202 for controlling the entire console 26, a display unit (second notification unit) 204 for displaying an image for assisting the input operation by the user, and a system controller And an interface I / F 206 for transmitting and receiving signals.
- the system controller 24 includes an interface I / F 210 for transmitting and receiving signals to and from the console 26, a control unit (shooting menu registration unit, instruction signal generating unit, control device) 212 for controlling the entire radiation imaging system 10, and electronics Image data and program sent from the electronic cassette 20 through the communication unit (second communication unit, transmission unit) 214 for transmitting and receiving signals by wireless communication between the cassette 20 and the display device 28 and the communication unit 214 And a recording unit (imaging history recording unit) 216, and a database 220 having a table 218 in which imaging conditions including the irradiation time of the radiation 16 are recorded in association with the imaging region and the diagnosis region.
- the interface I / F 206 and the interface I / F 210 are connected by a cable 230.
- the input unit 200 is configured of a mouse, a keyboard, and the like (not shown), and the input unit 200 outputs an operation signal input by the user to the control unit 202.
- the control unit 202 causes the display unit 204 to display a GUI (Graphical User Interface) by displaying a screen (with an imaging menu) for the user to input an imaging region and diagnostic region (imaging region and region of interest) and the number of imagings.
- Act as The doctor operates the input unit 200 to select an imaging region, a diagnosis region, and an imaging number while viewing the imaging menu displayed on the screen of the display unit 204 displayed on the display unit 204.
- the imaging region refers to a region of the body of a patient who performs radiography, and includes, for example, a chest, a lower abdomen, a foot, and the like.
- a diagnosis site (region of interest) indicates a site to be diagnosed using an image obtained by radiography. For example, even if the imaging site is the same chest, the diagnosis site is different like a circulator, a rib, a heart, etc. .
- the control unit 202 outputs, to the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 via the interface I / F 206 and 210, the imaging region, diagnosis region, and the number of imagings (the imaging menu including the imaging number) selected by the user.
- the imaging condition setting unit (irradiation time setting unit) 222 of the control unit 212 sets imaging conditions corresponding to the imaging region (selected by the user) and the diagnosis region sent from the console 26. Specifically, the imaging condition setting unit 222 reads out from the table 218 the imaging conditions corresponding to the imaging region and the diagnostic region selected by the user, and sets the read imaging conditions as the imaging conditions for radiation imaging to be performed from now.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 transmits at least the irradiation time of the set imaging conditions to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214.
- the electronic cassette 20 stores the sent irradiation time in the memory 124.
- the stored irradiation time is the above-described predetermined time.
- the number-of-shots setting unit 224 of the control unit 212 sets the number of shots (selected by the user) sent from the console 26.
- the shot number setting unit 224 transmits the set shot number to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214.
- the electronic cassette 20 stores the sent number of shots in the memory 124.
- the image recording control unit 226 of the control unit 212 causes the recording unit 216 to record the image data of one frame sent from the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of the table 218.
- imaging conditions such as irradiation time, tube voltage, tube current and the like are recorded corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site.
- there are a plurality of diagnostic sites in the imaging site and imaging conditions are recorded according to the diagnostic sites.
- the imaging site is a chest
- a plurality of diagnostic sites such as a circulatory organ, a rib, and a heart are provided, and imaging conditions are recorded corresponding to the diagnostic sites.
- the irradiation time is 200 msec
- the tube voltage is 100 kV
- the tube current is 10 mA.
- the information recorded in the table 218 can be arbitrarily changed by the user operating the input unit 200 of the console 26.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the system controller 24 and the console 26 of the radiation imaging system 10
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cassette control unit 122.
- the operation of the system controller 24 and the console 26 will be described, and then the operation of the cassette control unit 122 will be described.
- the control unit 202 of the console 26 determines whether the imaging region and the diagnosis region and the number of imagings have been selected by the operation of the input unit 200 by the user (step S1). At this time, the control unit 202 causes the display unit 204 to display an image for the user to select an imaging region, a diagnosis region, and the number of imagings. The user can select an imaging site and a diagnostic site of a patient to be a subject of radiography from this while viewing the displayed image.
- step S1 If it is determined in step S1 that the imaging region and diagnosis region and the number of imagings have not been selected, the process remains in step S1 until it is selected.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 selects imaging conditions according to the imaging region and diagnosis region selected by the user from the table 218
- the read out imaging condition is set as the imaging condition for radiation imaging to be performed from now
- the imaging number setting unit 224 sets the imaging number selected by the user (step S2). Specifically, when the imaging region or the like is selected by the operation of the input unit 200 by the user, the control unit 202 transmits the selected imaging region or the like to the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 via the interface I / F 206 and 210. Output.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 of the control unit 212 sets the imaging condition corresponding to the imaging region and the diagnosis region sent from the console 26, and sets the number of imagings sent from the console 26.
- the system controller 24 outputs the set shooting conditions to the control unit 202 via the interface I / F 210 and 206, and the control unit 202 displays the set shooting conditions and the number of shots on the display unit 204. You may Thus, the user can visually recognize the contents of the set imaging conditions.
- the user operates the input device provided in the radiation control device 36 so that the radiation 16 is irradiated from the radiation source 34 under the set imaging conditions, whereby the imaging conditions set on the system controller 24 side
- the same imaging conditions as in the above are set in the radiation control device 36 as well.
- the radiation apparatus 18 may have the same table as the table 218, and the user may set the same imaging condition by selecting the imaging site and the diagnosis site, and the user may directly apply the irradiation time and the tube voltage. , Tube current, etc. may be input.
- the control unit 212 transmits an activation signal to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214, thereby activating the electronic cassette 20 (step S3).
- the electronic cassette 20 is in the sleep state until the start signal is sent.
- the sleep state means a state in which power is not supplied to at least the radiation conversion panel 64 and the drive circuit unit 106.
- the electronic cassette 20 executes a scan mode. After activation, the electronic cassette 20 may perform a reset operation before executing the scan mode.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 and the imaging number setting unit 224 transmit the set irradiation time and imaging number to the electronic cassette 20 through the communication unit 214 (step S4).
- the control unit 212 determines whether a read start signal from the electronic cassette 20 has been received (step S5).
- the readout start signal is a signal indicating that readout of charges accumulated in the pixel 102 is started in the sequential readout mode.
- step S5 If it is determined in step S5 that the read start signal has not been received, the process remains in step S5 until received, and if it is determined that the read start signal is received, the image recording control unit 226 sends image data for one line. It is determined whether or not it is (step S6). Since the electronic cassette 20 sequentially outputs the image data for one line read out in line units to the system controller 24, the image data for one line is sequentially sent to the system controller 24.
- step S6 If it is determined in step S6 that one line of image data has been sent, the image recording control unit 226 stores the one line of sent image data in a buffer memory (not shown) of the control unit 212 (step S7). ).
- the image recording control unit 226 determines whether the reading of the image data for one frame is completed (step S8).
- the electronic cassette 20 outputs a read end signal to the system controller 24.
- the image recording control unit 226 receives the read end signal, the electronic cassette 20 outputs one frame. It is determined that the reading of the image data for the minute has been completed.
- step S8 If it is determined in step S8 that reading of image data for one frame is not completed, the process returns to step S6 and the above-described operation is repeated.
- step S8 If it is determined in step S8 that reading of image data of one frame is completed, an image file is generated from the image data of one frame stored in the buffer memory and recorded in the recording unit 216 (step S9).
- step S10 determines whether or not the image data of the number of shot images set in step S2 has been sent. If it is determined in step S10 that the image data for the set number of shots has not been sent, the process returns to step S6, and if it is determined that the image data for the number of shots has been sent, the process ends.
- the operation of the electronic cassette 20 will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 13 and the time chart shown in FIG.
- the electronic cassette 20 is activated, and the cassette control unit 122 stores the irradiation time and the number of shots transmitted from the system controller 24 in the memory 124 (step S21).
- the first read control unit 130 of the cassette control unit 122 starts execution of the scan mode (step S22).
- the first read control unit 130 outputs the drive signal c to each gate drive circuit 150.
- each gate drive circuit 150 receives the drive signal c, it sequentially selects the gate line 110 for which it is in charge from the 0th row, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110, whereby the area for which the self is in charge
- the charge stored in the pixel 102 of the pixel is sequentially read out in units of rows from the 0th row.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area in which the gate drive circuits 150 are in charge are simultaneously read out in row units, and the read out charges are added column by column.
- the charges for one row that are sequentially read out in units of rows and added for each column are sent to the charge amplifier 116 and stored in the memory 124 as electrical signals of digital signals via the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. To go. As a result, the image data for one row added is sequentially stored in the memory 124.
- Each gate drive circuit 150 outputs an end signal d to the cassette control unit 122 when the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 239th row is read out.
- the first read control unit 130 controls the switch 160 of each charge amplifier 116 to be in the OFF state while the scan mode is being executed. Thus, each charge amplifier 116 can output the input charge signal as a voltage signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 may perform a reset operation before starting execution of the scan mode after being activated.
- the first read control unit 130 may start execution of the scan mode after a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds) has elapsed since the start.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines whether the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 is larger than the threshold (step S23).
- the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 becomes larger than the threshold. That is, whether or not the radiation 16 is irradiated is detected depending on whether or not the electrical signal of the digital signal is larger than the threshold value. If it is determined in step S23 that the electrical signal is not greater than the threshold, the process remains in step S23 until it is determined that the electrical signal is greater than the threshold.
- the first read control unit 130 again drives the drive signals c1 to c12. Is output to each gate drive circuit 150.
- One cycle of the scan mode is from the input of the drive signals c1 to c12 to the gate drive circuits 150 to the output of the end signals d1 to d12.
- the end signals d1 to d12 are sent from the gate drive circuits 150 at the same timing.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started by the radiation source 34 ( Step S24).
- the radiation control device 36 prepares to irradiate the radiation 16, and thereafter, when the user fully presses the radiation switch 38, the radiation control device 36 Radiation source 16 emits radiation 16 for a predetermined predetermined time.
- the radiation control device 36 irradiates the radiation 16 under the imaging conditions corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site selected by the user. Therefore, the predetermined time determined in advance is the imaging site and the imaging site selected by the user. It is the irradiation time according to the diagnosis site. In the case of performing a plurality of imagings, the user operates the radiation switch 38 at a certain time interval to irradiate the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34.
- step S24 If it is determined in step S24 that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been started, the cassette control unit 122 next starts a timer (step S25), and the first read control unit 130 executes the scan mode to all the pixels 102. It is determined whether all readout of the accumulated charge has been completed (whether readout of charge for one frame has been completed) (step S26). That is, the first read control unit 130 determines whether or not one cycle of the scan mode is completed after it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started. Specifically, the first read control unit 130 determines whether or not the end signals d1 to d12 have been sent from the respective gate drive circuits 150 after the irradiation start determination of the radiation 16 has been made.
- step S26 If it is determined in step S26 that the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is not completed, the process remains in step S26 until it is determined that the readout is completed, and the readout of the charges accumulated in all pixels 102 is completed.
- radiation imaging is performed. That is, the radiation 16 is exposed, and the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by the exposure of the radiation 16 is read out.
- the first read control unit 130 ends the execution of the scan mode to start the exposure, and shifts to the exposure state (step S27). That is, even if the end signals d1 to d12 are sent, the first read control unit 130 does not output the drive signals c1 to c12 to the gate drive circuits 150 thereafter.
- the first read control unit 130 turns on the switch 160 of the charge amplifier 116 simultaneously with the end of the scan mode. As a result, unnecessary charges stored in the condenser 158 can be released, and the image quality of the radiation image can be improved.
- the scan mode is repeatedly executed until it is determined that the radiation source 34 has started to emit the radiation 16.
- the timing t1 indicates the timing when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started.
- Arrow A indicates one cycle of the scan mode, and the time is about 5 msec.
- the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has passed since it was determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 was started (step S28). . If it is determined in step S28 that the predetermined time determined in advance has not elapsed since the start of the radiation 16 irradiation, the process remains in step S28 until the predetermined time has elapsed. Since this predetermined time determined in advance is an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging region selected by the user and the diagnostic purpose, in step S28, it is determined whether the irradiation of the radiation 16 has ended. Therefore, exposure for radiation imaging is performed until the predetermined time determined in advance has passed after the execution of the scan mode is finished.
- step S28 if it is determined in step S28 that the predetermined time determined in advance has passed since the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16, the exposure is ended, and the second readout is performed to read out the charge obtained by the exposure of the radiation 16.
- the control unit 136 sequentially starts the execution of the reading mode (step S29). At this time, the second read control unit 136 outputs a read start signal to the system controller 24 via the communication unit 126 prior to, at the start of, or after the start of execution of the sequential read mode. Thereby, the system controller 24 can recognize that the image data of the radiation image is sent from the electronic cassette 20 from this, and can prepare for receiving the image data.
- the second read control unit 136 When the sequential read mode is executed, the second read control unit 136 outputs the drive signal a1 to the first gate drive circuit 150.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 receives the drive signal a1, the first gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 that it is in charge from the 0th row, and outputs the gate signal to the selected gate line 110 to be in charge of itself.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the region to be read out are sequentially read out row by row from the 0th row.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area which the first gate driving circuit 150 takes charge of are sequentially read out from the 0th row to the 239th row in units of rows.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 When the 239th line is selected, the first gate drive circuit 150 outputs an end signal b1 to the cassette control unit 122.
- the second read control unit 136 When receiving the end signal b 1, the second read control unit 136 outputs the drive signal a 2 to the second gate drive circuit 150. Such an operation is performed up to the twelfth gate drive circuit 150.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th to 2879th rows of the radiation conversion panel 64 are sequentially read out in units of rows.
- the charges sequentially read out in units of rows are input to the charge amplifier 116 of each column, and then stored in the memory 124 as electrical signals of digital signals through the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. That is, in the memory 124, image data of one line obtained in line units is sequentially stored.
- the timing t3 shown in FIG. 14 indicates the timing when it is determined in step S28 that the predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed, and the execution of the sequential readout mode is started substantially simultaneously with the timing t3 or immediately after the timing t3.
- a read start signal is outputted from the second read control unit 136 to the system controller 24 simultaneously with the start of the sequential read mode.
- Arrow B indicates one cycle of the sequential readout mode, and the time is about 500 msec. That is, after the drive signal a1 is input to the first gate drive circuit 150, the cycle until the twelfth gate drive circuit 150 outputs the end signal b12 is sequentially taken as one cycle of the readout mode.
- the cassette control unit 122 controls the switch 160 of each charge amplifier 116 to be in the OFF state while the sequential readout mode is being executed.
- each charge amplifier 116 can output the input charge signal as a voltage signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 starts an operation of sequentially transmitting one line of image data obtained in row units to the system controller 24 (step S30). That is, when the image data for one line is stored in the memory 124, the stored image data is transmitted to the system controller 24 through the communication unit 126.
- the second readout control unit 136 determines whether the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is completed (the readout of charges for one frame is completed) by execution of the sequential readout mode (see FIG. Step S31). That is, it is determined whether one cycle of the sequential read mode has ended. Specifically, the second read control unit 136 determines whether the end signal b12 has been sent from the twelfth gate drive circuit 150 or not.
- step S31 If it is determined in step S31 that the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is not completed, the process remains in step S31 until it is determined that the completion is completed, and the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is completed. If it is determined, the second read control unit 136 sequentially terminates the execution of the read mode (step S32). At this time, the second read control unit 136 outputs a read end signal to the system controller 24 via the communication unit 126.
- the cassette control unit 122 determines whether photographing has been performed for the number of photographed images (the number of photographed images set by the user) stored in step S21 (whether exposure and sequential reading have been performed for the number of photographed images) ( Step S33). If it is determined in step S33 that imaging for the stored number of imagings has not been performed, the process returns to step S22, and the above-described operation is repeated, and if it is determined that imaging for the stored number of imagings has been performed, the processing ends.
- FIG. 15 is a time chart showing the operation of the electronic cassette 20 when the number of captured images is set to two.
- the first read control unit 130 of the electronic cassette 20 repeatedly executes the scan mode until the first radiation 16 is irradiated. Then, the irradiation of the radiation 16 by the radiation source 34 is started, the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, and when one cycle of the scan mode currently performed is ended, the state shifts to the exposure state.
- the second readout control unit 136 sequentially executes the readout mode to read out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by the irradiation of the radiation 16 .
- the first read control unit 130 repeatedly executes the scan mode.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, and shifts to the exposure state when one cycle of the currently performed scan mode ends.
- the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is read out, and the process is ended.
- the user can make the subject 14 emit radiation 16 twice by operating the radiation switch 38 twice with a certain interval.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are read out in the scan mode which can be read out faster than the sequential readout mode, and the digital value obtained by the readout of charges is larger than the threshold value. Since it is judged that irradiation of the radiation 16 is started and exposure is started, it is not necessary to synchronize the imaging timing (synchronization of the irradiation timing of the radiation 16 and the exposure timing of the electronic cassette 20), and the radiation image is favorably Can be taken.
- the scan mode since the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are simultaneously read in a plurality of row units, it is possible to determine the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 early and accurately. That is, since the charges accumulated in the pixel 102 are added and read out, when the radiation 16 is irradiated, the obtained digital value becomes dramatically larger than when the radiation 16 is not irradiated, The start of radiation 16 irradiation can be determined early. Conversely, if the threshold value is simply lowered without adding charges, the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 can be detected earlier by the lowered amount, but the ratio of noise to the threshold becomes large, and accurate radiation 16 The start of irradiation can not be detected.
- each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially reads out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area which the gate drive circuit 150 itself is simultaneously and sequentially from the 0th row, the radiation 16 is irradiated to any region of the radiation conversion panel 64. Even if it does, it can detect early that irradiation of radiation 16 was started. Temporarily, in order to detect the start of irradiation of the radiation 16, the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is sequentially read out in the readout mode, and the radiation 16 is irradiated to the region from the 2000th row to the 2879th row.
- each gate drive circuit 150 reads the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 row by row from the 0th row to the 239th row, that is, because the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are read simultaneously at an interval of 240 rows, Even if the region 16 is irradiated with the radiation 16, it can be detected quickly.
- the electronic cassette 20 executes the scan mode until it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, and shifts to the exposure state when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, so synchronization of imaging timing is performed.
- the radiation device 18 and the system controller 24 do not need to be electrically connected, which reduces the cost. Since the scan mode is executed until it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, unnecessary charges accumulated in the pixel 102 can be removed, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the scan mode is ended and the exposure state is entered, so that the radiation 16 which is the image information is not wasted.
- the irradiation time predetermined time
- the readout mode is sequentially executed, so that the exposure period of the pixels can be minimized and the noise of the radiation image can be further reduced.
- Modification 1 when it is determined that the radiation 16 is irradiated during execution of the scan mode, the exposure state is not transitioned until one cycle is completed, but during the execution of the scan mode If it is determined that the radiation 16 has been emitted, the exposure state may be immediately transitioned to.
- FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are diagrams showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels 102 of each row when the radiation 16 is detected and shifted to the accumulation state after one cycle of the scan mode.
- the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially read out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 from the zeroth row on a row basis. In this case, for example, even if it is determined that the digital value obtained by reading out the charge stored in the pixel 102 in the 0th row is larger than the threshold and the radiation 16 is detected, the scan mode is 239th row It is not possible to shift to the exposure state until the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 of the pixel is read out.
- the execution of the scan mode causes the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 to be read out (irradiated) by the radiation 16 irradiation, and the radiation 16 having image information is wasted. It will be done. This is all the more so if radiation 16 is detected early in one cycle of the scan mode. That is, as the timing when it is detected that the radiation 16 is irradiated is closer to the timing when the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 239th row is read, the radiation 16 is not wasted as it is closer.
- the pixels in the 1st row to the 239th row are also performed by execution of the scan mode thereafter.
- the charges accumulated in the row 102 are sequentially read out in units of rows, so that the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the first to the 239th rows due to the irradiation of the radiation 16 are discarded. For this reason, the charge accumulated at the angle due to the irradiation of the radiation 16 is wasted.
- the relationship between the charge amount Q0 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 0th row obtained by exposure for radiation imaging and the charge amount Q239 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 239th row is Q0> Q239, and the difference thereof Is large, and the variation in the amount of charge accumulated in the pixels 102 in each row is large.
- the charge amount obtained by the pixels 102 in the n-th row is assumed to be Qn. Therefore, for example, the charge amount obtained by the pixels 102 in the third row is Q3, and the charge amount obtained by the pixels 102 in the 200th row is Q200.
- the charge amount Q0 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 0th row obtained by the exposure for radiation imaging the charge amount Q238 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 238th row, and the pixel 102 in the 239th row
- the relationship with the charge amount Q 239 stored in Q is Q 0> Q 238> Q 239, but the difference is small and the variation of the charge amount stored in the pixels 102 in each row is small.
- the amount of charge accumulated in the pixels 102 of each row due to the exposure for radiation imaging depends on the timing at which the radiation 16 is irradiated, and variations occur.
- the cassette control unit 122 detects the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16, the cassette control unit 122 sends an interruption signal for canceling the reading to each gate drive circuit 150.
- Each of the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 when the drive signals c1 to c12 are sent, and outputs the gate signal to the selected gate line 110, whereby the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is generated.
- each gate drive circuit 150 continues the operation of sequentially selecting the gate lines 110 when the cancellation signal is sent (although the scan mode is continuously performed), but the mask processing is performed. No gate signal is output to the selected gate line 110. Thereby, after the detection of the radiation 16, it can transfer to an exposure state.
- each gate drive circuit 150 when each gate drive circuit 150 outputs a gate signal to the gate line 110 in the 0th row, and then the cancellation signal is sent, the cancellation signal is sent in the first row, the second row, and so on. Even after that, the gate line 110 is sequentially selected, but the gate signal is not output to the selected gate line 110. In this case, each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate lines 110 even when the stop signal is sent. Therefore, after selecting the gate line 110 in the 239th row, each gate drive circuit 150 selects each gate drive circuit. 150 outputs respective end signals d1 to d12. The first read control unit 130 ends the scan mode when the end signals d1 to d12 are sent from the gate drive circuits 150.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels 102 of each row when the readout of the charges of the pixels 102 in the scan mode is immediately ended when the radiation 16 is detected and the state is shifted to the accumulation state.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in each row when the radiation 16 is detected by reading out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the zero row.
- the cassette control unit 122 detects the radiation 16, it sends a stop signal to each gate drive circuit 150, so the charge accumulated in the pixels 102 in the second and subsequent rows is not read out, and the charge is accumulated as it is by the radiation 16 irradiation. It is done.
- the charge amount Q0 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 0th row, the charge amount Q1 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 1st row, and the pixel 102 accumulated in the 239th row obtained by the radiation exposure
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 in the first modification is substantially the same as the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, but if the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started in step S24 of FIG.
- the first read control unit 130 sends an interruption signal to each gate drive circuit 150, and shifts to the operation of step S25. By this, it is possible to shift to the exposure state.
- step S26 the first read control unit 130 determines whether end signals d1 to d12 have been sent from each gate drive circuit 150, and if it is determined that the end signals d1 to d12 have been sent, in step S27 End the execution of scan mode.
- the electronic cassette 20 when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been started, the electronic cassette 20 outputs an interruption signal to each gate drive circuit 150, and the scan mode continues until one cycle is completed. Since the charge stored in 102 is not read out, the radiation 16 can be imaged without wasting the radiation 16 having the image information.
- the number-of-shots setting unit 224 of the system controller 24 sets the number of shots input by the user's operation of the input unit 200 and transmits it to the electronic cassette 20
- the number of radiographed images may be recorded on the table 218 according to the radiographed region and the purpose of diagnosis.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 reads from the table 218 the imaging number according to the imaging region and diagnosis purpose selected by the user and sets the number, and transmits the set imaging number to the electronic cassette 20.
- Modification 3 In the above embodiment and the above modifications 1 and 2, when radiation imaging is performed a plurality of times, the radiation source 34 emits radiation 16 a plurality of times by the operation of the radiation switch 38 by the user. However, when performing radiation imaging a plurality of times, the radiation source 34 continuously irradiates the radiation 16 for a predetermined time, and the electronic cassette 20 performs radiation imaging a plurality of times during the predetermined time. Good.
- the predetermined time can be set by the user operating the input device of the radiation control device 36, and the radiation control device 36 emits the radiation source 34 so as to irradiate the radiation 16 set for the fixed time. Control.
- FIG. 19 is a time chart showing the operation of the electronic cassette 20 in the third modification.
- the first read control unit 130 of the electronic cassette 20 repeatedly executes the scan mode until the radiation 16 is irradiated. Then, when the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started by the radiation source 34, the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, and shifts to the exposure state. After that, when a predetermined time determined in advance passes, the second readout control unit 136 sequentially executes the readout mode, and reads out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by the irradiation of the radiation 16.
- the first read control unit 130 executes the scan mode again, but since the radiation 16 continues to be irradiated, the irradiation start determination unit 132 immediately determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, and the exposure state is set. Transition. Thereafter, when a predetermined time determined in advance passes, the second readout control unit 136 sequentially executes the readout mode to read out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by the irradiation of the radiation 16.
- the predetermined time determined in advance may be an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging region selected by the user and the diagnostic purpose, or may be a default value, even if the irradiation time is set individually by the user. Good.
- Modification 4 In the embodiment and the modifications 1 to 3, in the scan mode, the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 are read out by sequentially performing an operation of simultaneously reading out a plurality of rows. However, only pixels in a predetermined row may be read out.
- the fourth modification will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 20 is a partial detailed view of the radiation conversion panel 64 of the fourth modification.
- the radiation conversion panel 64 has a gate line 250, and the gate line 250 is directly connected to the cassette control unit 122.
- the gate line 250 is connected to the pixel 254 through the TFT 252, and when the TFT 252 is turned on, the charge accumulated in the pixel 254 is read out from the signal line 112.
- the gate line 250 is for supplying to the TFT 252 a gate signal for reading out the charge stored in the pixel 254 in the scan mode. That is, the gate line 250, the TFT 252, and the pixel 254 are provided separately from the gate line 110, the TFT 72, and the pixel 102 for the scan mode.
- One gate line 250 may be provided in the radiation conversion panel 64, or one gate line 250 may be provided between the gate drive circuits 150. Also, a plurality of gate lines 250 may be provided at equal intervals over the entire region of the radiation conversion panel 64. For example, between the first gate drive circuit 150 and the second gate drive circuit 150, between the sixth gate drive circuit 150 and the seventh gate drive circuit 150, and the eleventh gate drive circuit 150 and the twelfth gate drive circuit 150.
- any pixel 254 can receive the radiation 16 regardless of which region the radiation 16 is irradiated to.
- the pixels 254 connected to the gate line 250 become pixels in a predetermined row.
- 240 gate lines 110 are connected to each gate drive circuit 150, and the pixels 102 are connected to each gate line 110 via the TFTs 72, respectively.
- the first read control unit 130 outputs the gate signal directly to the gate line 250, thereby repeatedly reading out the charges accumulated in the pixels 254 row by row. For example, when there is only one gate line 250, outputting a gate signal to the gate line 250 completes one cycle of the scan mode, and outputs the gate signal to the gate line 250 again in the next cycle. The charge stored in the pixel 254 is repeatedly read out.
- the first readout control unit 130 repeats the operation of sequentially reading out the charges accumulated in the pixels 254 row by row by directly outputting gate signals to the gate lines 250 one by one. For example, when there are three gate lines 250, by outputting gate signals to the gate line 250 in the 0th row, the charges accumulated in the pixels 254 connected to the gate line 250 in the 0th row are read out. Next, a gate signal is output to the gate line 250 in the first row to read out the charge accumulated in the pixels 254 connected to the gate line 250 in the first row, and finally, the gate line 250 in the second row is read.
- the gate signal is output to the circuit to read out the charge accumulated in the pixels 254 connected to the gate line 250 in the second row.
- the gate signal is output to the gate line 250 of the second row, one cycle of the scan mode is completed, and the gate signal is output to the gate line 250 of the 0th row again in the next cycle.
- the gate drive circuit 150 does not output a gate signal to the gate line 250 after the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 is determined by the irradiation start determination unit 132. For example, in the case where there are three gate lines 250, if it is determined that the digital value obtained by the output of the gate signal to the gate line 250 in the zeroth row is larger than the threshold, the first and second rows are The execution of the scan mode is immediately ended without outputting a gate signal to the eye gate line 250. Thus, the power consumption in the scan mode can be suppressed.
- the second readout control unit 136 detects that the predetermined time set in advance has elapsed (when the irradiation of the radiation 16 is ended). , And execute sequential read mode.
- the electronic cassette 20 includes a plurality of pixels (first pixels) 102 arranged in a matrix and a plurality of TFTs (first) arranged in a matrix for reading out the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102.
- It comprises at least a plurality of gate drive circuits 150 arranged in parallel along the column direction for outputting signals, and a plurality of signal lines 112 parallel to the column direction for reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102.
- the electronic cassette 20 is for reading out the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels (second pixels) 254 arranged along the row direction and the pixels 102 in a planar shape in which the plurality of pixels 102 are arranged.
- a plurality of TFTs (second switching elements) 252 arranged along the row direction and at least one or more gate lines 250 in the row direction connected to the TFTs 252 are provided.
- the gates of the TFTs 72 and 252 are connected to the gate lines 110 and 250, and the sources are connected to the pixels 102 and 254.
- the drains of the TFTs 72 and 252 are connected to the signal line 112.
- Each of the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 connected thereto when the drive signal a is input, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110, thereby turning on the TFT 72,
- the electric signals accumulated in the pixels 102 connected to oneself via a plurality of signal lines 112 are sequentially read out in units of rows.
- the first read control unit 130 sequentially inputs gate signals to the gate lines 250 to execute a scan mode in which the electric signals stored in the pixels 254 are sequentially read in row units.
- the second read control unit 136 sequentially drives the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially by inputting the drive signal a to the gate drive circuits 150 in order, and sequentially reads the electric signals of the plurality of pixels 102 in a row unit. Execute read mode.
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 in the present modification 4 is substantially the same as the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, but if the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started in step S24 of FIG.
- the first read control unit 130 immediately stops the output of the gate signal to the gate line 250 (ends execution of the scan mode), and shifts to the operation of step S25.
- the process directly proceeds to step S28 without passing through the operations of steps S26 and S27.
- the pixel 102 since the pixel 102 does not read out the charge during the execution of the scan mode, the pixel 102 is in the exposure state also during the execution of the scan mode. Therefore, charges according to the irradiated radiation 16 can be accumulated without wasting the radiation 16 which is image information.
- the charge accumulated in the pixel 254 is read to determine the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16, the timing to start the irradiation of the radiation 16 can be known.
- the transition to the readout mode is sequentially made when the irradiation time has elapsed from the irradiation start timing of the radiation 16, the exposure of the radiation 16 is not unnecessarily performed after the irradiation 16 ends, and noise of the radiation image can be reduced.
- the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 is determined, so that the power consumption in the scan mode can be suppressed.
- the scan mode in the fourth modification charges accumulated in the pixels 102 for one row may be read out in a time of 173 ⁇ sec.
- the determination accuracy of the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 does not decrease even if the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is not added.
- the scan mode The time of one cycle can be shortened. For example, when the number of gate lines 250 is 29, the time of one cycle of the scan mode is about 5 msec, which is the same time as one cycle of the scan mode of the above embodiment.
- the user When a plurality of gate lines 250 are provided, the user operates the input unit 200 of the console 26 to select one or two gate lines 250 used to execute the scan mode from among the plurality of gate lines 250. You may select more than this. Since the user can recognize in advance which region of the electronic cassette 20 the radiation 16 is irradiated by the radiation source 34, the user selects the gate line 250 corresponding to the region to which the radiation 16 is irradiated. Information indicating the selected gate line 250 is sent from the console 26 to the electronic cassette 20 via the system controller 24. The first read control unit 130 outputs a gate signal only to the selected gate line 250 when executing the scan mode.
- the irradiation start determination part 132 can determine the irradiation start of the radiation 16 early and reliably. Further, since the gate signal is not output to the gate line 250 in the region where the radiation 16 is not irradiated, the power consumption by the execution of the scan mode can be further suppressed.
- a large number of gate lines 250 are selected in the area where irradiation with radiation 16 is likely to be performed or the area irradiated with radiation 16, and the area where radiation possibility is low or not irradiated is selected.
- the number of gate lines 250 may be selected smaller.
- gate signals are output only to the selected gate line 250.
- the area where the radiation 16 is likely to be irradiated or the area to be irradiated can be designated by the user operating the input unit 200 of the console 26.
- the area where the radiation 16 is likely to be irradiated or the area to be irradiated may be directly designated by the user, or the system controller 24 controls an area according to the imaging site selected by the user and the diagnostic purpose.
- the unit 212 may read out from the table 218 and designate it.
- the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 selects the gate line 110 to be used for executing the scan mode based on the designated area, and sends information indicating the selected gate line 110 to the electronic cassette 20.
- Modification 5 In the modification 4, the gate line 250 for scan mode, the TFT 252, and the pixel 254 are provided separately from the gate line 110, the TFT 72, and the pixel 102, but a predetermined gate line The TFT 110, the TFT 72, and the pixel 102 may be used for the scan mode.
- FIG. 21 is a partial detailed view of the radiation conversion panel 64 of the fifth modification.
- 240 gate lines 110 are connected to each gate drive circuit 150, and each gate line 110 is connected to the pixel 102 through the TFT 72.
- One of the 240 gate lines 110 connected to each gate drive circuit 150 is connected to the cassette control unit 122 via a bypass line 260.
- the bypass line 260 is provided with a switching element 262.
- bypass line 260 connected to the gate line 110 of the first gate drive circuit 150 is referred to as a first bypass line 260, and the bypass line connected to the gate line 110 of the second gate drive circuit 150. Is called a second bypass line 260.
- bypass lines connected to the gate lines 110 of the third to twelfth gate drive circuits 150 are referred to as third to twelfth bypass lines 260, respectively.
- the gate line 110 to which the first bypass line 260 is connected is referred to as a first scan / gate line 110
- the gate line 110 to which the second bypass line 260 is connected is referred to as a second scan. It is called the dual purpose gate line 110.
- the gate lines 110 connected to the third to twelfth bypass lines 260 are referred to as the third to twelfth scan and gate lines 110, respectively.
- the gate lines 110 connected to the gate drive circuit 150 is used as the scan and gate line 110, but the scan and gate line 110 is provided. There may be a gate drive circuit 150 not provided, or a gate drive circuit 150 provided with a plurality of scan and gate lines 110.
- the first read control unit 130 outputs a bypass line 260 in which the switching elements 262 are turned on.
- the gate signals are sequentially output to the pixel 102, and the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are sequentially read out in units of rows. Then, when the gate signal is output to all the bypass lines 260 where the switching element 262 is turned on, one cycle of the scan mode ends, and the next cycle is started.
- the first read control unit 130 when the switching elements 262 of all the bypass lines 260 are on, the first read control unit 130 outputs the gate signal to the first bypass line 260 to connect to the first scan and gate line 110. The charges accumulated in the pixels 102 being read out are read out row by row. Then, by outputting a gate signal to the second bypass line 260, the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 connected to the second scan gate line 110 are read out in units of rows.
- the first read control unit 130 sequentially outputs gate signals from the first bypass line 260 to the twelfth bypass line 260 and is connected to the first to twelfth scan gate lines 110. The charges accumulated in the pixels 102 are sequentially read out row by row.
- the gate signal is output to the twelfth bypass line 260, one cycle of the scan mode ends, and the gate signal is output to the first bypass line 260 in the next cycle.
- the electronic cassette 20 is connected to the plurality of pixels 102 arranged in a matrix, the plurality of TFTs 72 arranged in a matrix for reading the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102, and the TFTs 72 in each row.
- a plurality of gate driving circuits are connected in parallel along the column direction, in which a plurality of gate lines 110 parallel to the row direction and a plurality of gate lines 110 are connected, and gate signals are output to the TFTs 72 of each row via the gate lines 110 150 and at least a plurality of signal lines 112 parallel to the column direction for reading out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102.
- a bypass line 260 provided with a switching element 262 is connected to at least one or more gate lines 110 among the plurality of gate lines 110. That is, among the plurality of gate lines 110, one or more bypass lines 260 each having the switching element 262 connected to at least one or more gate lines 110 are provided.
- the gate of the TFT 72 is connected to the gate line 110, and the source is connected to the pixel 102. Further, the drain of the TFT 72 is connected to the signal line 112.
- Each of the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 connected thereto when the drive signal a is input, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110, thereby turning on the TFT 72,
- the electric signals accumulated in the pixels 102 connected to oneself via a plurality of signal lines 112 are sequentially read out in units of rows.
- the first read control unit 130 turns on the switching element 262 of the bypass line 260 connected to the predetermined gate line (scanning combined gate line) 110 to output a gate signal, thereby the predetermined gate A scan mode is executed in which the electrical signals stored in the pixels 102 connected to the line 110 are read out sequentially in units of one row.
- the second read control unit 136 sequentially drives the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially by inputting the drive signal a to the gate drive circuits 150 in order, and sequentially reads the electric signals of the plurality of pixels 102 in a row unit. Execute read mode.
- the user operates the input unit 200 of the console 26 to select the scan gate line 110 used to execute the scan mode.
- the selected scan gate line 110 is a predetermined gate line 110, and the pixels 102 connected to the selected scan gate line 110 are pixels 102 of a predetermined row.
- the user can recognize in advance which region of the electronic cassette 20 is irradiated with the radiation 16 by the radiation source 34, and thus selects the scan gate line 110 corresponding to the region to which the radiation 16 is irradiated.
- Information indicating the selected scan gate line 110 is sent from the console 26 to the electronic cassette 20 via the system controller 24.
- the first read control unit 130 turns on the switching element 262 of the bypass line 260 connected to the scan gate line 110 selected by the user when executing the scan mode. When the execution of the scan mode is ended, the first read control unit 130 turns all the switching elements 262 off.
- the gate signal is output only to the selected scan gate line 110 during execution of the scan mode, so that the pixels 102 connected to the selected scan gate line 110 (predetermined are selected.
- the pixels 102 other than the pixel 102) are exposed even during execution of the scan mode. Therefore, charges according to the irradiated radiation 16 can be accumulated without wasting the radiation 16 which is image information.
- the mode is sequentially shifted to the readout mode, so that the noise of the radiation image can be reduced without unnecessary exposure after the irradiation 16 ends.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 can determine the irradiation start of the radiation 16 early and surely. In addition, since the gate signal is output only to the selected scan and gate line 110, power consumption due to execution of the scan mode can be suppressed.
- charges accumulated in the pixels 102 for one row may be read out in a time of 173 ⁇ sec.
- the determination accuracy of the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 does not decrease even if the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is not added.
- the number of scan and gate lines 110 is small, even if charges accumulated in pixels 102 for one row are read out sequentially in the same time as the read mode, the time of one cycle of the scan mode can be shortened. .
- a large number of scan gate lines 110 in the area where radiation 16 is likely to be irradiated or in the area to be illuminated is selected, and the number of gate lines 110 in the area where the possibility of radiation 16 is low or not irradiated is small. You may When the scan mode is performed, gate signals are output only to the selected scan gate line 110.
- the area where the radiation 16 is likely to be irradiated or the area to be irradiated can be designated by the user operating the input unit 200 of the console 26. In this case, the area where the radiation 16 is likely to be irradiated or the area to be irradiated may be directly designated by the user, or the system controller 24 controls an area according to the imaging site selected by the user and the diagnostic purpose.
- the unit 212 may read out from the table 218 and designate it.
- the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 selects the scan gate line 110 used for executing the scan mode based on the designated area, and sends information indicating the selected scan gate line 110 to the electronic cassette 20.
- the gate line 250 for scan mode, the TFT 252 and the pixel 254 are provided separately from the gate line 110, the TFT 72 and the pixel 102, but they are used for executing the scan mode By driving the predetermined gate drive circuit 150, the gate line 110, the TFT 72, and the pixel 102 in the region which the gate drive circuit 150 takes charge of may be used for the scan mode.
- the first read control unit 130 When the first read control unit 130 executes the scan mode, the first read control unit 130 outputs the drive signal c to one predetermined gate drive circuit 150.
- the gate drive circuit 150 to which the drive signal c is input, sequentially reads out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area in which the drive signal c is assigned from the 0th row to the 239th row on a row basis.
- electric signals of digital signals are sequentially obtained in units of rows, and when the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the electric signals of the digital signals are larger than the threshold, the first read control unit 130 is in the scan mode. End execution The first read control unit 130 repeats the scan mode until it is determined that the irradiation is started.
- the drive signal c is output again to the predetermined gate drive circuit 150.
- the time for reading out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 for one row may be 173 ⁇ sec as in the sequential readout mode, and may be 21 ⁇ sec as in the scan mode of the above embodiment. .
- the user can operate the input unit 200 of the console 26 to select the gate drive circuit 150 used to execute the scan mode. Since the user can recognize in advance which region of the electronic cassette 20 the radiation 16 is irradiated by the radiation source 34, the gate drive circuit 150 for reading out the pixel 102 corresponding to the region to which the radiation 16 is irradiated. Choose Information indicating the gate drive circuit 150 selected by the user is sent from the console 26 to the electronic cassette 20 via the system controller 24. When executing the scan mode, the first read control unit 130 outputs a drive signal c as the gate drive circuit 150 determined in advance as the gate drive circuit 150 selected by the user.
- the user may select a plurality of gate drive circuits 150 used for executing the scan mode.
- the first read control unit 130 may simultaneously output the drive signal c to each of the selected gate drive circuits 150. That is, each gate drive circuit 150 may be driven simultaneously.
- the first read control unit 130 is determined in advance such that the drive signal c is output to the next gate drive circuit 150 when the end signal d is sent from one gate drive circuit 150.
- the gate drive circuit 150 may be driven.
- the gate drive circuit 150 other than the selected gate drive circuit 150 does not output the gate signal during execution of the scan mode, so the selected gate drive circuit 150 takes charge of reading out the charge.
- the pixels 102 other than the pixels 102 in the area to be exposed are exposed even during execution of the scan mode. Therefore, charges according to the irradiated radiation 16 can be accumulated without wasting the radiation 16 which is image information.
- the mode is sequentially shifted to the readout mode, so that the noise of the radiation image can be reduced without unnecessary exposure after the irradiation 16 ends.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 early and reliably. be able to. In addition, since only the selected gate drive circuit 150 reads out the charge accumulated in the pixel 102, power consumption due to execution of the scan mode can be suppressed.
- Modification 7 can detect the irradiation of the radiation 16 even after a predetermined time has elapsed after starting the execution of the scan mode (step S22 of FIG. 13), as described in FIGS. 22 to 27. If not, the scan mode is stopped to avoid wasteful power consumption.
- the scan mode described in the seventh modification includes the scan mode in the present embodiment and the first to sixth modifications described above.
- the radiation device 18 further includes a radiation field lamp 300 and a mirror 302.
- the irradiation field lamp 300 outputs irradiation light before irradiation of the radiation 16 according to control from the radiation control device 36.
- the irradiation light output from the irradiation field lamp 300 is reflected toward the electronic cassette 20 by the mirror 302 made of a material that transmits the radiation 16, and is projected to the imaging surface 42 (see FIGS. 2 and 22) of the panel unit 52. Ru.
- the distance between the radiation source 34 and the radiation conversion panel 64 is adjusted to the radiation source image-to-image distance (SID), the irradiation range of the irradiation light on the imaging surface 42 and the imageable area 60 Approximately match.
- SID radiation source image-to-image distance
- the irradiation light projected onto the imaging surface 42 indicates the irradiation field of the radiation 16.
- the radiation control device 36 prepares to irradiate the radiation 16 while stopping the output of the irradiation light from the irradiation field lamp 300.
- the electronic cassette 20 includes an optical sensor (light detection unit) 304 that detects the irradiation light projected onto the imaging surface 42, an acceleration sensor (movement detection unit) 306 that detects an acceleration according to the movement of the electronic cassette 20, and a cassette
- a speaker (first notification unit, sound output unit) 308 outputting the signal from the control unit 122 to the outside as sound, and an LED (first notification unit, light output unit) emitting light according to the signal from the cassette control unit 122 ) 310 is further provided.
- the light sensor 304 only needs to be able to detect the irradiation light, and is provided, for example, at an arbitrary position of the imaging surface 42.
- the acceleration sensor 306 is provided at an arbitrary position in the housing 56.
- the speaker 308 and the LED 310 are provided, for example, in the control unit 54 as long as the user can recognize sound or light.
- the cassette control unit 122 includes a scan mode stop determination unit (first read mode stop determination unit) 312, a sleep state transition determination unit 314, a scan mode restart determination unit (first read mode restart determination unit) 316, and an image acquisition determination unit 318. Further comprising The scan mode stop determination unit 312 determines whether the execution of the scan mode should be temporarily stopped. After the scan mode is stopped, the sleep state transition determination unit 314 determines whether to stop the supply of power from the power supply unit 128 to each unit in the electronic cassette 20 and shift the electronic cassette 20 to the sleep state. The scan mode restart determination unit 316 determines whether to resume execution of the scan mode that has been temporarily stopped.
- the image acquisition determination unit 318 operates the second readout control unit 136 to sequentially read out the electric signal from each pixel 102 in the readout mode. It is determined whether or not.
- the system controller 24 emits light in response to a signal from the control unit 212 (a second notification unit, light output unit) 322, and a speaker (a second notification unit outputs the signal from the control unit 212 to the outside as sound , Sound output unit) 320 (see FIG. 24).
- the console 26 further includes a speaker (second notification unit, sound output unit) 324 for outputting the signal from the control unit 202 to the outside as sound (see FIG. 24).
- step S22 of FIG. 13 the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines whether the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 is larger than the threshold value in the next step S23. If the electric signal has not reached the threshold (step S23: NO), the process proceeds to step S41 of FIG.
- step S41 the scan mode stop determination unit 312 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of execution of the scan mode. If the predetermined time has elapsed (step S41: YES), the system controller 24 is next performed. Alternatively, it is determined whether any signal has been received from the console 26 (step S42). The signal from the system controller 24 or the console 26 indicates a photographing menu reset (re-registered) in the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 or a signal indicating an operation of the input unit 200 by the user, as described later. Say (instruction signal).
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 starts the execution of the scan mode and even if a predetermined time has elapsed. Since irradiation of the radiation 16 is not started, it is determined that power will be consumed unnecessarily if the scan mode is continued more than this, and it is determined (stopped) to stop the scan mode. Then, the scan mode stop determination unit 312 controls the first read control unit 130 to stop the scan mode according to the determination result (step S43).
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 controls the first read control unit 130 to turn off all the TFTs 252 and shift all the pixels 102 to the exposure state (storage state) (step S44).
- a notification signal indicating that the scan mode has been stopped and all the pixels 102 have been shifted to the exposure state is wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 126 to the system controller 24 (step S45).
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 causes the speaker 308 to output a sound (for example, a beep sound) corresponding to the notification signal to the outside, and causes the LED 310 to emit light. Thereby, the user can grasp that the scan mode is stopped and the exposure state of each pixel 102 is reached by listening to the sound from the speaker 308 or by visually recognizing the light emission from the LED 310. it can.
- step S41 of FIG. 25 when predetermined time has not passed (step S41: NO), the irradiation start determination part 132 continues the determination process of step S23.
- the elapsed time determination unit 134 may perform the determination process of step S41. That is, since the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines in step S28 whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed since the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the same processing as this determination processing is performed in step S41. The determination result may be notified to the irradiation start determination unit 132 and the scan mode stop determination unit 312, respectively.
- step S42 if any signal is received from the system controller 24 or the console 26 in step S42, the scan mode stop determination unit 312 is notified of the new instruction content (the re-registered imaging menu or instruction signal). Then, the first read control unit 130 is controlled to end the scan mode (step S48). Thereafter, the cassette control unit 122 performs the process of step S21 of FIG.
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 may omit the determination process of step S42 and perform the process of step S43, as indicated by a broken line in FIG.
- processing of steps S46 and S47 described below is performed instead of the transition to the exposure state (accumulation state) shown in step S44. It is also good.
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 controls the second read control unit 136 to perform a reset operation (step S46).
- the reset operation in this case is a reset operation in the sequential scan mode.
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 may control the first read control unit 130 to perform the reset operation in the scan mode.
- Step S47 when the sleep state transition judgment unit 314 detects that the reset operation is completed, the power supply unit 128 stops the power supply to each unit in the electronic cassette 20, and the electronic cassette 20 is put into the sleep state.
- Step S47 the process of step S47 may be performed while omitting the reset operation of step S46.
- the scan mode stop determination unit 312 executes the process of step S45 to transmit a notification signal indicating stop of the scan mode and transition of the electronic cassette 20 to the sleep state from the communication unit 126. It transmits to the communication unit 214 by wireless. Also in this case, since the sound is output from the speaker 308 to the outside and the LED 310 emits light, the user can stop the scan mode by listening to the sound or by visually recognizing the light emission from the LED 310. It can be understood that the electronic cassette 20 has reached the sleep state.
- the transition to the sleep state of the electronic cassette 20 is performed for the purpose of avoiding unnecessary power consumption before irradiation of the radiation 16, in the sleep state, the power supply to at least the radiation conversion panel 64 and the drive circuit unit 106 is performed.
- the power supply to the cassette control unit 122 and the communication unit 126 may be continued.
- transmission and reception of signals between the electronic cassette 20 and the system controller 24 can be performed, and the electronic cassette 20 is put into the sleep state based on the signal received from the system controller 24. It is possible to quickly shift to the active state.
- step S4 in FIG. 12 the process proceeds to step S51 in FIG. 26, and the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 determines whether a notification signal can be received from the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214.
- the control unit 212 causes the LED 322 to emit light and causes the speaker 320 to output a sound (for example, a beep sound) to the outside, in step S52.
- the control unit 212 outputs a notification signal to the console 26, and the control unit 202 of the console 26 causes the display unit 204 to display the content indicated by the notification signal as an image (for example, screen saver display). Output as a sound (for example, a beep sound).
- the user stops the scan mode by seeing the light emission of the LED 322 and the image of the display unit 204 and by listening to the sound from the speakers 320 and 324, and all the pixels 102 are exposed. Or that the electronic cassette 20 has reached the sleep state.
- step S53 when the user operates the input unit 200 (step S53: YES), the control unit 202 stops the screen saver display of the display unit 204 and switches to a normal screen display, and also indicates that the input unit 200 has been operated. The control unit 212 of the system controller 24 is notified.
- the control unit 212 If the notification signal from the electronic cassette 20 indicates the stop of the execution of the scan mode and the notification of the exposure state of all the pixels 102 based on the notification from the control unit 202, the control unit 212 is in the scan mode. An instruction signal for instructing readout of electric signals from all the pixels 102 in the restart or sequential scan mode is generated, and the generated instruction signal is wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 214 to the electronic cassette 20 (step S54). The process proceeds to step S5 of 12.
- the control unit 212 starts from the sleep state (active state (active state)
- An instruction signal for instructing transition to the image processing mode and restart of the scan mode is generated, and the generated instruction signal is wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 214 to the electronic cassette 20 (step S54).
- step S53 When the user operates the input unit 200 to reset the shooting menu (step S53: YES), as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 26, the control unit 202 controls the shooting menu reset by the user.
- the control unit 212 re-registers the shooting menu received from the control unit 202 as a new shooting menu replacing the current shooting menu already transmitted to the electronic cassette 20, and re-registers the shooting menu.
- the control unit 212 transmits an instruction signal from the communication unit 214 to the electronic cassette 20 along with the transmission of the photographing menu (step S54), and the process proceeds to step S5 in FIG.
- step S61 of FIG. 27 the scan mode resumption determining unit 316 and / or the image acquisition determining unit 318 determines whether the communication unit 126 receives an instruction signal and / or a shooting menu from the system controller 24 (step S61), In each determination process, whether a detection signal corresponding to the irradiation light is input from the sensor 304 (step S62) or whether a detection signal corresponding to the movement of the electronic cassette 20 is input from the acceleration sensor 306 (step S63), Execute sequentially.
- step S61 YES
- step S62 When the detection signal is input from the acceleration sensor 306 (YES in step S63), the scan mode restart determination unit 316 determines restart of the scan mode, and the image acquisition determination unit 318 determines the exposure state.
- the acquisition of the electrical signal in the sequential readout mode is determined from all the pixels 102 in (step S64).
- step S65 the scan mode restart determination unit 316 determines that the instruction signal indicates the restart of the scan mode, or the scan menu needs to be executed because it is a new imaging menu. (YES), the process of step S22 of FIG. 13 is executed to cause the first read control unit 130 to resume the execution of the scan mode.
- step S65 when the instruction signal does not indicate an instruction to resume the scan mode and the new imaging menu is not received (step S65: NO), the image acquisition determination unit 318 determines that the instruction signal is: If it indicates the acquisition of electrical signals in the sequential readout mode from all the pixels 102 in the exposed state (step S66: YES), the second readout control unit 136 is controlled to be the same as steps S29 and S30 in FIG. The sequential read mode is executed (step S67).
- step S68 YES
- the image acquisition determination unit 318 determines that radiation is in the exposure time zone.
- the radiation 16 is irradiated from the source 34 to the electronic cassette 20 through the subject 14, and the electric signal is regarded as a signal corresponding to the radiation image of the subject 14, and the pixel value is stored in the memory 124 (step S69). .
- the cassette control unit 122 executes the process of step S32 in FIG.
- step S68 if the obtained pixel value has not reached the predetermined value (step S68: NO), it is determined that the radiation 16 has not been irradiated in the exposure time zone, and the obtained pixel value is obtained. Are discarded (the electric signal of the pixel value is released to the ground) (step S70), and the readout mode is sequentially ended (step S71). Thereafter, the cassette control unit 122 executes the processing of step S44, S46 or S47 of FIG.
- step S66 if the instruction signal indicates the activation of the electronic cassette 20 rather than the acquisition of electrical signals in the sequential readout mode from all the pixels 102 in the exposure state (step S66: NO), the scan mode
- the restart determination unit 316 restarts the power supply from the power supply unit 128 to each unit in the electronic cassette 20, and shifts the electronic cassette 20 from the sleep state to the active state (step S72). Thereafter, in the cassette control unit 122, the process of step S22 of FIG. 13 is performed, and the execution of the scan mode is resumed.
- the scan mode is stopped if the value of the electrical signal does not reach the threshold even after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the execution of the scan mode, so that the radiation 16 is not applied. It is possible to avoid unnecessary power consumption for executing the scan mode. Further, since the scan mode is stopped even when the instruction signal from the system controller 24 or the imaging menu is not received, it is possible to efficiently reduce the power consumption before the radiation 16 is irradiated. Therefore, if the above-described series of processes in the seventh modification is applied to the present embodiment and the first to sixth modifications, the power consumption before irradiation of the radiation 16 is also reduced in the present embodiment and the first to sixth modifications. Can be realized.
- the scan mode is stopped, if all the pixels 102 are shifted to the exposure state (accumulation state), the subject 16 and the electronic cassette 20 are irradiated with the radiation 16 in the exposure time zone.
- the charge (electrical signal) according to the radiation image of 14 can be reliably accumulated in each pixel 102.
- the electronic cassette 20 is put into the sleep state or immediately put into the sleep state, thereby further reducing the power consumption before the radiation 16 is applied. Can.
- the speaker 308 outputs a sound and the LED 310 emits light in response to a notification signal indicating stop of the scan mode and transition to the exposure state or the sleep state.
- the speaker 320 outputs a sound and the LED 322 emits light in accordance with the received notification signal.
- the display unit 204 displays an image and the speaker 324 outputs a sound. Therefore, the user can easily grasp stop of the scan mode by listening to the sound of the speakers 308, 320, 324 or by visually recognizing the image of the display unit 204 or the light from the LEDs 310, 322. it can.
- the system controller 24 selects the shooting menu. And an instruction signal to the electronic cassette 20.
- the irradiation field lamp 300 projects the irradiation light onto the imaging surface 42 at the time of preparation for imaging
- the optical sensor 304 detects the irradiation light and outputs the detection signal to the cassette control unit 122.
- the acceleration sensor 306 detects an acceleration accompanying the movement of the electronic cassette 20 and outputs a detection signal to the cassette control unit 122.
- the scan mode restart determination unit 316 and the image acquisition determination unit 318 restart the scan mode based on the reception of the shooting menu and the instruction signal, and the input of the detection signal, and the electricity in the sequential readout mode from all the pixels 102 in the exposure state. It becomes possible to efficiently and reliably perform the determination processing relating to the signal readout or the transition from the sleep state to the active state of the electronic cassette 20 and the resumption of the scan mode.
- the irradiation of the radiation 16 to the subject 14 and the electronic cassette 20 is performed in the time zone of the exposure state by sequentially reading out the electric signals from all the pixels 102 in the exposure state in the readout mode.
- an electrical signal corresponding to the radiation image of the subject 14 can be reliably read out.
- the radiation image can be efficiently acquired by determining whether the read electric signal has reached the predetermined value in the image acquisition determination unit 318.
- the electrical signal since the electrical signal may be released to the ground if the electrical signal does not reach the predetermined value, it is possible to avoid the unnecessary storage of unnecessary data in the memory 124.
- the cassette 20 may be put into the sleep state. Even in this case, the power consumption before the irradiation of the radiation 16 can be reduced.
- the second readout control unit 136 sequentially reads the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels 102 in units of one row prior to the execution of the scan mode by the first readout control unit 130,
- the offset signal readout mode may be executed to read out the electrical signal accumulated in the pixel 102 as an offset signal (non-exposure signal) for image correction, or a reset operation may be performed. Even in this case, since the charge is reliably removed from each pixel 102 before the radiation 16 is irradiated, a high quality radiation image can be obtained. In addition, if an image correction process using an offset signal is performed on the acquired radiation image, a radiation image with higher image quality can be obtained.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic electrical block diagram of the electronic cassette 20 in Modification 8.
- the control unit 54 further outputs a signal from the cassette control unit 122 to the outside as sound (a first notification unit, sound output Unit) 308, and an LED (first notification unit, light output unit) 310 that emits light in response to a signal from the cassette control unit 122.
- the speaker 308 and the LED 310 are provided inside the housing 68 of the control unit 54.
- the cassette control unit 122 has a mode transition determination unit 330 in addition to the first read control unit 130, the irradiation start determination unit 132, the elapsed time determination unit 134, and the second read control unit 136.
- the mode transition determination unit 330 determines whether the readout mode for reading out the charge accumulated in each pixel 102 has shifted to the scan mode. Specifically, when the first read control unit 130 starts execution of the scan mode, the mode transition determination unit 330 determines that the first read mode has transitioned, and the scan mode transition signal (notice of indicating the determination result Signal) to the speaker 308, the LED 310, and the communication unit 126.
- the speaker 308 outputs the scan mode transition signal to the outside as a sound (for example, a beep sound).
- the LED 310 emits light in response to the scan mode transition signal.
- the communication unit 126 wirelessly transmits a scan mode transition signal to the system controller 24.
- the read mode as described above, there are a scan mode and a sequential read mode. Therefore, not only the scan mode but also the sequential readout mode may be performed before the irradiation of the radiation 16.
- the reading mode is sequentially executed, and when the shooting menu is received
- the mode may shift to scan mode.
- the sequential readout mode performed prior to the execution of the scan mode, the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 are sequentially read in units of one row to sequentially read the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 for image correction.
- the mode transition determination unit 330 detects that the first read control unit 130 has started the execution of the scan mode to determine that the mode has shifted to the scan mode (from the sequential read mode) in order to cope with either case. Do.
- FIG. 29 is a schematic electrical block diagram of the system controller 24 and the console 26 in the eighth modification.
- the console 26 In addition to the input unit 200, the control unit 202, the display unit 204, and the interface I / F 206, the console 26 further outputs a speaker (second notification unit, sound output unit) 324 that outputs a signal from the control unit 202 as a sound. Have.
- a speaker second notification unit, sound output unit
- the system controller 24 further outputs a signal from the control unit 212 to the outside as sound in addition to the interface 220, the control unit 212, the communication unit 214, the recording unit 216, and the database 220 having the table 218 ( A second notification unit, a sound output unit) 320, and an LED (second notification unit, light output unit) 322 that emits light according to a signal from the control unit 212.
- the control unit 212 transmits it to the control unit 202 of the console 26 and also outputs it to the speaker 320 and the LED 322.
- the speaker 320 outputs the scan mode transition signal to the outside as a sound (for example, a beep sound).
- the LED 322 emits light in response to the scan mode transition signal.
- the control unit 202 causes the display unit 204 to display an image according to the scan mode transition signal received from the control unit 212 and causes the speaker 324 to output a sound (for example, a beep) indicating the scan mode transition signal to the outside. .
- FIG. 30 is a flow chart showing the operation of the system controller 24 and the console 26 of the radiation imaging system 10
- FIG. 31 is a flow chart showing the operation of the cassette control unit 122.
- the operation of the system controller 24 and the console 26 will be described, and then the operation of the cassette control unit 122 will be described.
- the control unit 202 of the console 26 determines whether or not the imaging region and diagnostic region and the number of imagings have been selected by the operation of the input unit 200 by the user (step SA1). At this time, the control unit 202 causes the display unit 204 to display an image (shooting menu) for the user to select a shooting site, a diagnosis site, and the number of shots. The user can select an imaging site and a diagnostic site of a patient to be a subject of radiography from this while viewing the displayed image.
- step SA1 If it is determined in step SA1 that the imaging region and diagnosis region and the number of imagings have not been selected, the process remains in step SA1 until it is selected.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 selects imaging conditions according to the imaging region and diagnosis region selected by the user from the table 218
- the read out imaging condition is set as the imaging condition of radiation imaging to be performed from now
- the imaging number setting unit 224 sets the imaging number selected by the user (step SA2).
- the control unit 202 causes the selected imaging region or the like (including the imaging menu) to be displayed on the system controller via the interface I / F 206 and 210.
- the data is output to the control unit 212 of FIG.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 of the control unit 212 sets the imaging condition corresponding to the imaging region and the diagnosis region sent from the console 26, and sets the number of imagings sent from the console 26.
- the system controller 24 outputs the set shooting conditions to the control unit 202 via the interface I / F 210 and 206, and the control unit 202 displays the set shooting conditions and the number of shots on the display unit 204. You may Thus, the user can visually recognize the contents of the set imaging conditions.
- the user operates the input device provided in the radiation control device 36 so that the radiation 16 is irradiated from the radiation source 34 under the set imaging conditions, whereby the imaging conditions set on the system controller 24 side
- the same imaging conditions as in the above are set in the radiation control device 36 as well.
- the radiation apparatus 18 may have the same table as the table 218, and the user may set the same imaging condition by selecting the imaging site and the diagnosis site, and the user may directly apply the irradiation time and the tube voltage. , Tube current, etc. may be input.
- the control unit 212 transmits an activation signal to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214, thereby activating the electronic cassette 20 (step SA3).
- the electronic cassette 20 is in the sleep state until the start signal is sent.
- the sleep state means a state in which power is not supplied to at least the radiation conversion panel 64 and the drive circuit unit 106.
- the electronic cassette 20 executes a scan mode, the mode transition determination unit 330 determines execution of the scan mode, and generates the determination result as a scan mode transition signal. After activation, the electronic cassette 20 may perform a reset operation before executing the scan mode.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 and the imaging number setting unit 224 transmit the set irradiation time and imaging number to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214 (step SA4).
- control unit 212 determines whether the communication unit 214 receives a scan mode transition signal from the electronic cassette 20 (step SA5).
- step SA5 When the scan mode transition signal is received in step SA5, the control unit 212 causes the speaker 320 to output a sound (beep sound) indicating the scan mode transition signal to the outside, and causes the LED 322 to emit light. Further, the control unit 212 transmits a scan mode transition signal to the control unit 202 of the console 26, and the control unit 202 causes the display unit 204 to display an image according to the received scan mode transition signal, and Is output from the speaker 324 to the outside (step SA6). Thereby, the user can start the execution of the scan mode by listening to the sound from the speakers 320 and 324 and / or by viewing the light emission of the LED 322 and the image of the display unit 204, and the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started. It is possible to understand that it is possible to take pictures (photographing is permitted).
- the controller 212 determines that the scan mode transition signal is not received in step SA5, the controller 212 remains in step SA5 until it receives the scan mode transition signal.
- the control unit 212 determines whether a read start signal from the electronic cassette 20 has been received (step SA7).
- the readout start signal is a signal indicating that readout of charges accumulated in the pixel 102 is started in the sequential readout mode.
- step SA7 If it is determined in step SA7 that the read start signal has not been received, the process remains in step SA7 until received, and if it is determined that the read start signal is received, the image recording control unit 226 sends image data for one line. It is determined whether or not it is (step SA8). Since the electronic cassette 20 sequentially outputs the image data for one line read out in line units to the system controller 24, the image data for one line is sequentially sent to the system controller 24.
- step SA8 If it is determined in step SA8 that one line of image data has been sent, the image recording control unit 226 stores the one line of sent image data in a buffer memory (not shown) of the control unit 212 (step SA9). ).
- the image recording control unit 226 determines whether the reading of the image data for one frame is completed (step SA10).
- the electronic cassette 20 When reading of image data for one frame is completed, the electronic cassette 20 outputs a read end signal to the system controller 24.
- the image recording control unit 226 receives the read end signal, the electronic cassette 20 outputs one frame. It is determined that the reading of the image data for the minute has been completed.
- step SA10 If it is determined in step SA10 that reading of image data for one frame is not completed, the process returns to step SA8 and the above-described operation is repeated.
- step SA10 If it is determined in step SA10 that the reading of the image data for one frame is completed, an image file is generated from the image data for one frame stored in the buffer memory and recorded in the recording unit 216 (step SA11).
- step SA12 determines whether the image data of the number of shot images set in step SA2 has been sent. If it is determined in step SA12 that the image data for the set number of shots has not been sent, the process returns to step SA8, and if it is determined that the image data for the number of shots has been sent, the process ends.
- step SA21 the operation of the electronic cassette 20 will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the electronic cassette 20 is activated, and the cassette control unit 122 stores the irradiation time and the number of shot images sent from the system controller 24 in the memory 124 (step SA21).
- the first read control unit 130 of the cassette control unit 122 starts execution of the scan mode (step SA22). Accordingly, the mode transition determination unit 330 determines that the execution of the scan mode has been started, and outputs a scan mode transition signal indicating the determination result to the communication unit 126, the speaker 308, and the LED 310.
- the communication unit 126 wirelessly transmits a scan mode transition signal to the system controller 24.
- the speaker 308 outputs a scan mode transition signal to the outside as a sound (beep sound), and the LED 310 emits light in response to the scan mode transition signal (step SA23).
- the user can start the execution of the scan mode by listening to the sound from the speaker 308 and / or by observing the light emission of the LED 310 as in the above-mentioned step SA6, and the radiation 16 is irradiated. It is possible to know that it has become possible (shooting has been permitted).
- the first read control unit 130 When execution of the scan mode is started, the first read control unit 130 outputs the drive signal c to each gate drive circuit 150.
- each gate drive circuit 150 receives the drive signal c, it sequentially selects the gate line 110 for which it is in charge from the 0th row, and outputs a gate signal to the selected gate line 110, whereby the area for which the self is in charge
- the charge stored in the pixel 102 of the pixel is sequentially read out in units of rows from the 0th row.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area in which the gate drive circuits 150 are in charge are simultaneously read out in row units, and the read out charges are added column by column.
- the charges for one row that are sequentially read out in units of rows and added for each column are sent to the charge amplifier 116 and stored in the memory 124 as electrical signals of digital signals via the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. To go. As a result, the image data for one row added is sequentially stored in the memory 124.
- Each gate drive circuit 150 outputs an end signal d to the cassette control unit 122 when the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 239th row is read out.
- the first read control unit 130 controls the switch 160 of each charge amplifier 116 to be in the OFF state while the scan mode is being executed. Thus, each charge amplifier 116 can output the input charge signal as a voltage signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 may perform a reset operation before starting execution of the scan mode after being activated.
- the first read control unit 130 may start execution of the scan mode after a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds) has elapsed since the start.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines whether the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 is larger than the threshold (step SA24).
- the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 becomes larger than the threshold. That is, whether or not the radiation 16 is irradiated is detected depending on whether or not the electrical signal of the digital signal is larger than the threshold value. If it is determined in step SA24 that the electrical signal is not greater than the threshold, the process remains in step SA24 until it is determined that the electrical signal is greater than the threshold.
- the first read control unit 130 again drives the drive signals c1 to c12. Is output to each gate drive circuit 150.
- One cycle of the scan mode is from the input of the drive signals c1 to c12 to the gate drive circuits 150 to the output of the end signals d1 to d12.
- the end signals d1 to d12 are sent from the gate drive circuits 150 at the same timing.
- step SA24 if it is determined in step SA24 that the electrical signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 is larger than the threshold, the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started by the radiation source 34 ( Step SA25).
- the radiation control device 36 prepares to irradiate the radiation 16, and then the user fully depresses the radiation switch 38.
- the radiation control device 36 irradiates the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34 for a predetermined time. As described above, the radiation control device 36 irradiates the radiation 16 under the imaging conditions corresponding to the imaging site and the diagnosis site selected by the user.
- the predetermined time determined in advance is the imaging site and the imaging site selected by the user. It is the irradiation time according to the diagnosis site.
- the user operates the radiation switch 38 at a certain time interval to irradiate the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34.
- step SA25 If it is determined in step SA25 that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been started, the cassette control unit 122 next starts a timer (step SA26), and the first read control unit 130 executes the scan mode to all the pixels 102. It is determined whether all readout of the accumulated charges has been completed (whether readout of charges for one frame has been completed) (step SA27). That is, the first read control unit 130 determines whether or not one cycle of the scan mode is completed after it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started. Specifically, the first read control unit 130 determines whether or not the end signals d1 to d12 have been sent from the respective gate drive circuits 150 after the irradiation start determination of the radiation 16 has been made.
- step SA27 If it is determined in step SA27 that the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is not completed, the process remains in step SA27 until it is determined that the readout is completed, and the readout of the charges accumulated in all pixels 102 is completed.
- radiation imaging is performed. That is, the radiation 16 is exposed, and the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by the exposure of the radiation 16 is read out.
- the first read control unit 130 ends the execution of the scan mode to start the exposure, and shifts to the exposure state (step SA28). That is, even if the end signals d1 to d12 are sent, the first read control unit 130 does not output the drive signals c1 to c12 to the gate drive circuits 150 thereafter.
- the first read control unit 130 turns on the switch 160 of the charge amplifier 116 simultaneously with the end of the scan mode. As a result, unnecessary charges stored in the condenser 158 can be released, and the image quality of the radiation image can be improved.
- the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines whether or not a predetermined time determined in advance has passed since it was determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 was started (step SA29). . If it is determined in step SA29 that the predetermined time determined in advance has not elapsed since the start of the radiation 16 irradiation, the process remains in step SA29 until the predetermined time has elapsed. Since this predetermined time determined in advance is an irradiation time corresponding to the imaging region selected by the user and the diagnostic purpose, it is determined in step SA29 whether the irradiation of the radiation 16 has ended. Therefore, exposure for radiation imaging is performed until the predetermined time determined in advance has passed after the execution of the scan mode is finished.
- step SA29 if it is determined in step SA29 that the predetermined time determined in advance has passed since the start of the irradiation of radiation 16, the exposure is ended, and the second readout is performed to read out the charge obtained by the exposure of radiation 16.
- Control unit 136 sequentially starts the execution of the reading mode (step SA30). At this time, the second read control unit 136 outputs a read start signal to the system controller 24 via the communication unit 126 prior to, at the start of, or after the start of execution of the sequential read mode. Thereby, the system controller 24 can recognize that the image data of the radiation image is sent from the electronic cassette 20 from this, and can prepare for receiving the image data.
- the second read control unit 136 When the sequential read mode is executed, the second read control unit 136 outputs the drive signal a1 to the first gate drive circuit 150.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 receives the drive signal a1, the first gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 that it is in charge from the 0th row, and outputs the gate signal to the selected gate line 110 to be in charge of itself.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the region to be read out are sequentially read out row by row from the 0th row.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the area which the first gate driving circuit 150 takes charge of are sequentially read out from the 0th row to the 239th row in units of rows.
- the first gate drive circuit 150 When the 239th line is selected, the first gate drive circuit 150 outputs an end signal b1 to the cassette control unit 122.
- the second read control unit 136 When receiving the end signal b 1, the second read control unit 136 outputs the drive signal a 2 to the second gate drive circuit 150. Such an operation is performed up to the twelfth gate drive circuit 150.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 0th to 2879th rows of the radiation conversion panel 64 are sequentially read out in units of rows.
- the charges sequentially read out in units of rows are input to the charge amplifier 116 of each column, and then stored in the memory 124 as electrical signals of digital signals through the multiplexer unit 118 and the AD conversion unit 120. That is, in the memory 124, image data of one line obtained in line units is sequentially stored.
- the cassette control unit 122 controls the switch 160 of each charge amplifier 116 to be in the OFF state while the sequential readout mode is being executed.
- each charge amplifier 116 can output the input charge signal as a voltage signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 starts an operation of sequentially transmitting one line of image data obtained in row units to the system controller 24 (step SA31). That is, when the image data for one line is stored in the memory 124, the stored image data is transmitted to the system controller 24 through the communication unit 126.
- the second readout control unit 136 determines whether the readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is completed (the readout of charges for one frame is completed) by execution of the sequential readout mode (see FIG. Step SA32). That is, it is determined whether one cycle of the sequential read mode has ended. Specifically, the second read control unit 136 determines whether the end signal b12 has been sent from the twelfth gate drive circuit 150 or not.
- step SA32 If it is determined in step SA32 that readout of the charges accumulated in all the pixels 102 is not completed, the process remains in step SA32 until it is determined that the completion is completed, and readout of the charges accumulated in all pixels 102 is completed. If it is determined, the second read control unit 136 sequentially terminates the execution of the read mode (step SA33). At this time, the second read control unit 136 outputs a read end signal to the system controller 24 via the communication unit 126.
- the cassette control unit 122 determines whether photographing has been performed for the number of photographed images (the number of photographed images set by the user) stored in step SA21 (whether exposure and sequential reading have been performed for the number of photographed images) ( Step SA34). If it is determined in step SA34 that imaging for the stored number of imagings has not been performed, the process returns to step SA22 to repeat the above-described operation, and when it is determined that imaging for the stored number of imagings has been performed, the process ends.
- the mode transition determination unit 330 determines the start of execution of the scan mode, and notifies the outside of the determination result using the speakers 308, 320, 324, the LEDs 310, 322, or the display unit 204. Then, the user can be notified of the start of execution of the scan mode (the user can be notified of the appropriate timing of the irradiation of the radiation 16 as the imaging permission). Therefore, after the notification, if the user operates the radiation switch 38 to irradiate the subject 14 with the radiation 16, a high quality radiation image can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of re-imaging by irradiating the radiation 16 at an appropriate timing. As described above, in the eighth modification, radiation of radiation 16 to the subject 14 can be performed at an appropriate timing without requiring synchronization of imaging timing, so noise of a radiation image can be reduced at low cost. it can.
- the second read control unit 136 sequentially reads the electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 in units of one row prior to the execution of the scan mode by the first read control unit 130.
- An offset signal readout mode may be executed to read out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 as an offset signal (non-exposure signal) for image correction, or a reset operation may be performed. Even in this case, since the charge is reliably removed from each pixel 102 before the radiation 16 is irradiated, a high quality radiation image can be obtained. In addition, if an image correction process using an offset signal is performed on the acquired radiation image, a radiation image with higher image quality can be obtained.
- the electronic cassette 20 and the wireless are used to notify start of execution of the scan mode (imaging permission) through visual or auditory sense of the user, such as sound, light or image display.
- the speaker or the display device When a speaker or display device is connected to a wireless access point that can be connected by the wireless access point, and the wireless access point receives a scan mode transition signal, the speaker or the display device performs predetermined notification processing (output of a beep sound or It is also possible to display the photographing permission. It is needless to say that the above modifications 1 to 7 can be modified as in this modification 8.
- Modification 9 In Modification 9, as shown in FIGS. 32 to 35, the size of the imaging regions (imaging areas) 352 and 356 of the subject 14 included in the imaging menu is larger than the plane area of the radiation conversion panel 64. When it is small, the electric signal is read out only for the plurality of pixels 102 corresponding to the imaging portions 352 and 356 for the purpose of reducing the power consumption for reading out charge and determining the start of radiation 16 irradiation. Determination of irradiation start is performed.
- each gate drive circuit 150 and each multiplexer 152 the pixel 102 (the area in which the pixel is in charge of readout) to be read out is predetermined. That is, with respect to all the pixels 102 constituting the radiation conversion panel 64, one gate drive circuit 150 and one multiplexer 152 are configured by a plurality of pixels 102 (a plurality of pixels 102 in 240 rows ⁇ 256 columns). And an electric signal is read out from the pixel 102 in the pixel charge area 350. Therefore, each gate drive circuit 150 and each multiplexer 152 take charge of one pixel charge area 350 obtained by dividing the radiation conversion panel 64 into a plurality of pixels 102.
- the control unit 212 (see FIG. 10) of the system controller 24 registers the imaging menu due to the chest of the subject 14 being selected as the imaging region 352 by the operation of the input unit 200 by the user Then, the registered shooting menu is transmitted to the electronic cassette 20 (see FIG. 6).
- the cassette control unit 122 of the electronic cassette 20 grasps the imaging region 352 of the received imaging menu, and sets a thick frame 354 which is a matrix range of the pixels 102 that includes the imaging region 352 in plan view. Thereby, the pixel responsible area 350 in the thick frame 354 is set.
- the cassette control unit 122 drives the first to eighth gate drive circuits 150 corresponding to the pixel charge region 350 in the thick frame 354 and the second to eighth multiplexers 152 to thereby form the thick frame.
- the first readout control unit 130 and the second readout control unit 136 are controlled so as to read out the charge from the pixels 102 in the pixel coverage area 350 in 354, radiation is applied only to the pixels 102 in the pixel coverage area 350 in the thick frame 354.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 is controlled to determine the irradiation start of sixteen.
- the electronic cassette 20 is a portable device and is driven by power supply from the power supply unit 128 which is a battery, and the communication unit 126 wirelessly transmits and receives signals to and from the outside (system controller 24). It is desirable that wasteful power consumption can be avoided.
- the above-described first to eighth embodiments are performed by reading out the electric signal and determining the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 only for the pixels 102 in the thick frame 354 necessary for acquiring the radiation image of the imaging region 352. Since the power is not supplied to the ninth to twelfth gate drive circuits 150 and the first and ninth multiplexers 152 other than the second gate drive circuit 150 and the second to eighth multiplexers 152, the entire electronic cassette 20 is Power saving can be achieved.
- Modification 9 is the present embodiment and Modification 1 except that readout of the electrical signal and determination of irradiation start of radiation 16 are performed only on the pixels 102 in the pixel handling region 350 in the thick frame 354.
- the contents of the present embodiment and the first to eighth modifications may be applied to the readout of electric signals to the individual pixels 102 and the determination of the start of irradiation of the radiation 16.
- FIG. 33 shows the case where the ankle of the subject 14 is the imaging region 356.
- the imaging region 356 is an imaging region smaller than the imaging region 352 (chest) shown in FIG. 32.
- the pixels 102 of the pixel handling region 350 in the thick frame 358 surrounding the imaging region 356 in plan view By reading out the electrical signal and determining the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16, the radiation image of the imaging region 356 can be reliably acquired, and the same effect as in FIG. 32 can be obtained.
- FIG. 34 and FIG. 35 do not image the imaging portions 352 and 356 using the pixel coverage area 350 as in FIG.
- the cassette control unit 122 sets (detects) the gate line 110 and the two signal lines 112, and the plurality of signals between the plurality of gate lines 110 between the two gate lines 110 and the two signal lines 112. The case where reading of an electric signal and determination of irradiation start of radiation 16 are performed is shown only for the pixels 102 that can be connected to the line 112.
- the cassette control unit 122 designates two gate lines 110 and two signal lines 112 which surround the imaging region 352 in plan view with reference to the imaging menu. And sets the plurality of gate lines 110 between the two designated gate lines 110 as gate lines for each gate drive circuit 150 to output gate signals, and also sets the plurality of gate lines 110 between the two designated signal lines 112.
- the signal line 112 is set as a signal line from which each multiplexer 152 should read an electrical signal.
- the cassette control unit 122 includes first to eighth gate driving circuits 150 corresponding to the set gate lines 110 and second to eighth multiplexers 152 corresponding to the set signal lines 112.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 is controlled to determine the irradiation start of the radiation 16 only for each of the pixels 102.
- the readout of the electrical signal and the determination of the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 are performed only on the plurality of pixels 102 in the region surrounded by the two gate lines 110 and the two signal lines 112. For the pixels 102 outside the area, the readout of the electric signal and the determination of the start of the radiation 16 are not performed. Therefore, as in the case of FIGS. 32 and 33, it is possible to reduce power consumption as compared to the case of performing the reading of the electric signal and the determination of the irradiation start of the radiation 16 to all the pixels 102. It is also possible to achieve reliable acquisition of a radiation image of the imaging site 352 and shortening of the readout time of an electrical signal.
- FIG. 35 since the imaging region 356 is an ankle, a region surrounded by two gate lines 110 and two signal lines 112 as compared with the imaging region 352 (chest) shown in FIG. Even in this case, the readout of the electric signal and the determination of the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 are performed only for the pixels 102 in the region, so that the radiation image of the imaging region 356 is reliably acquired. , And the same effect as FIG. 34 can be obtained.
- the second read control unit 136 charges the electric charges accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 in the row and column corresponding to the imaging portions 352 and 356.
- an offset signal readout mode is executed to read out the electrical signals stored in the plurality of pixels 102 as an offset signal (non-exposure signal) for image correction, or a reset operation is performed. It may be executed. Even in this case, since the charge is reliably removed from each pixel 102 before the radiation 16 is irradiated, a high quality radiation image can be obtained. In addition, if an image correction process using an offset signal is performed on the acquired radiation image, a radiation image with higher image quality can be obtained.
- Modification 10 In the modification 10, the imaging history recorded in the recording unit 216 (see FIG. 10) is also included in the imaging menu, and the cassette control unit 122 refers to the imaging history etc. in the imaging menu to The charge readout mode to be performed before the irradiation of 16 is determined, and the first readout control unit 130 and the second readout control unit 136 are controlled according to the determined readout mode to read out the charge from each pixel 102.
- step S81 of FIG. 36 subsequent to the process of step S1 of FIG. 12, the control unit 202 also causes the display unit 204 to display the photographing history recorded in the recording unit 216 as an image. If the user is viewing a displayed image (shooting history), the previous imaging is imaging of a relatively large dose (step S 82: YES), and if a long time has not elapsed since the previous imaging (step S 82) S83: NO), it is determined that there is a possibility that the residual charge due to the previous imaging may be accumulated in each pixel 102, and it is determined to sequentially execute the readout mode before the scan mode, and the determined contents
- the input unit 200 is operated to input (step S84).
- the user refers to the imaging history, and even if the previous imaging is a relatively large-dose imaging (step S 82: YES), if a long time has elapsed since the previous imaging (step S 83: YES) It is determined that the residual charge that affects the radiation image is not accumulated in the pixel 102, and it is determined that only the scan mode is to be performed before the irradiation of the radiation 16, and the determined content is manipulated by the input unit 200. And input (step S85).
- Step S 82 NO
- the remaining charge to an extent that affects the radiation image is not accumulated in the pixel 102 It judges that it is a thing and performs processing of Step S85.
- step S82 may be omitted and the process of step S83 may be performed.
- step S4 the control unit 212 (see FIG. 10) of the system controller 24 transmits a photographing menu including the determination contents in step S84 or S85 and the photographing history to the electronic cassette 20.
- the cassette control unit 122 performs the shooting menu in step S86 of FIG. By referring to (photographing history and contents of determination), it is determined whether or not the reading mode should be sequentially executed before the scanning mode is performed.
- step S86 If it is necessary to execute the sequential readout mode (step S86: YES), the cassette control unit 122 controls the second readout control unit 136 to execute the sequential readout mode (step S87).
- step S88 the cassette control unit 122 then proceeds to step S22 of FIG. 13 to perform the first readout control. By causing the unit 130 to execute the scan mode, the processes after step S22 are performed.
- the cassette control unit 122 continues the process of step S88.
- step S86 when the sequential reading mode need not be executed (step S86: NO), the cassette control unit 122 shifts to the process of step S22 of FIG. 13 to execute the processes of step S22 and subsequent steps.
- the system controller 24 and the console 26 reference the imaging history included in the imaging menu, and the charge readout mode before irradiation of the radiation 16 (scan mode execution or sequential readout mode) Execution is determined, and the determined contents and shooting history are included in the shooting menu and transmitted to the electronic cassette 20.
- the cassette control unit 122 of the electronic cassette 20 refers to the determination content and the imaging history included in the imaging menu, and controls the first readout control unit 130 and the second readout control unit 136 according to the determined mode, to thereby obtain the radiation 16.
- the readout of charge (electric signal) before irradiation is performed.
- the residual charge resulting from the previous imaging can be reliably removed from the pixel 102, and generation of a radiation image in which an afterimage is superimposed is avoided to obtain a high quality radiation image. be able to.
- the charge readout mode before the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 is determined according to the previous imaging condition (imaging with a large dose or a small dose) or the elapsed time from the previous imaging. Therefore, the residual charge in the pixel 102 can be efficiently removed.
- step S84 or S85 may be performed according to the content of the present imaging. For example, if the current imaging is a small-dose imaging, execution of the scan mode in a short time may be determined to accelerate the response of detection of the radiation 16 in the pixel 102 (step S85). Further, in the present imaging, if the irradiation time of the radiation 16 is short, only execution of the scan mode in a short time may be determined in order to avoid generation of useless time (step S85). In this case, the determination of the execution of the scan mode in a short time may be a determination to execute the scan mode simultaneously for all the pixels 102 or some of the pixels 102 by applying the fourth to sixth modifications. The decision to run the scan mode only for.
- the cassette control unit 122 changes the line interval at which the electric signal is simultaneously read out in the scan mode with reference to the irradiation time of the radiation 16 included in the imaging menu, the determination content and the imaging history.
- the scan mode may be executed at a fixed line interval. For example, when the irradiation time of the radiation 16 is short in this imaging and it is desired to avoid the generation of the unnecessary time, the cassette control unit 122 adjusts the first read control unit 130 after adjusting to increase the line interval. If the scan mode is controlled and executed, the scan mode can be completed in a short time.
- the cassette control unit 122 determines the irradiation time of the radiation 16 included in the imaging menu, the determination content, and the imaging history.
- the line from which the electrical signal is read out may be changed, and the scan mode may be performed on the pixels 102 in the changed line. Even in this case, for example, it is possible to complete the scan mode in a short time by widening the line-to-line spacing.
- the modification 9 is applied in the process of step S84 or S85, and it is determined to execute the scan mode or the sequential readout mode only for the pixels 102 corresponding to the imaging portions 352 and 356. May be
- steps S81 to S85 the case where the user determines the charge readout mode before irradiation of the radiation 16 while viewing the display on the display unit 204 has been described, but the modification 10 is limited to this description Instead, the control unit 212 may automatically determine the charge readout mode before the radiation 16 irradiation with reference to the contents of the imaging history recorded in the recording unit 216. Even in this case, of course, each of the above effects can be obtained. It is needless to say that the above modifications 1 to 9 can be modified as in this modification 10.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines whether the electric signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 is larger than an arbitrarily settable threshold (hereinafter referred to as a threshold Th) (described above Judgment of step S23)).
- a threshold Th an arbitrarily settable threshold
- the output signal of the charge amplifier 116 dramatically increases as compared with the case where the radiation 16 is not irradiated.
- the electrical signal of the signal becomes greater than the threshold Th, and the start of the radiation 16 irradiation can be determined early.
- gain G the gain of the charge amplifier 116
- G2 the second readout gain G2 set in the sequential readout mode
- the magnitude of the output signal of the charge amplifier 116 is 12 times larger when reading out the twelve pixels 102 simultaneously
- the electric signal of the digital signal stored in the memory 124 through the A / D converter 154 is also output.
- the size becomes 12 times larger than the threshold Th, and the start of irradiation of the radiation 16 can be determined early.
- gain G of charge amplifier 116 is such that the magnitude of the output signal of charge amplifier 116 falls within the dynamic range of the input of A / D converter 154 in the sequential read mode, and the read resolution (read accuracy) Since the gain G is designed to be as close as possible to the above-mentioned dynamic range in order to increase the gain G in the scan mode, the charge amplifier 116 is saturated and the high speed operation is not secured. there is a possibility.
- the gain G of the charge amplifier 116 set by the first read control unit 130 and the second read control unit 136 is set to the first read gain G1 by the first read control unit 130 in the scan mode.
- the second read control unit 136 sets the second read gain G2.
- the first read gain G1 set in the scan mode is set to the second read gain G2 set in the sequential read mode.
- FIG. 38 shows a radiation conversion panel 64 including a charge amplifier 116 in which the capacitor 158 at the input / output end of the operational amplifier 156 is replaced by a variable capacitor 158A in order to make the gain G of the charge amplifier 116 changeable.
- a detailed view of the multiplexer unit 118 is shown.
- variable capacitor 158A is configured such that the capacitance value can be switched by switching the switch 161b switched by the first read control unit 130 or the second read control unit 136.
- the gain G of the charge amplifier 116 is sequentially set to the second read gain G2 set in the read mode, the switch 161 b is on, and the feedback capacitor is the capacitor 158 and the capacitor.
- the gain G of the charge amplifier 116 is set to the first read gain G1 set in the scan mode (G1 ⁇ G2).
- the gain G is set to the first read gain G1 or the first read gain G1 '(described later), and in the sequential read mode, the gain G is set to the second read gain G2. (G1 ' ⁇ G1 ⁇ G2).
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 sets the imaging conditions set by itself via the communication unit 214 (the imaging conditions are recorded in the table 218 in correspondence with the imaging region and the diagnosis region) Of the irradiation time, the tube voltage, the tube current, etc.), at least the irradiation time is transmitted to the electronic cassette 20, but in this modification 11, at least the irradiation time and the tube current And the electronic cassette 20 are configured to be transmitted.
- the tube current is assumed to be proportional to the irradiation dose.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 functions as a dose setting unit.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 which also serves as the dose setting unit (the first read gain G1 ′ having a value smaller than the first read gain G1)
- the gain G is shown. That is, when setting the first read gain G, the first read control unit 130 sets the first read gain G1 ′ at the large dose setting lower than the first read gain G1 at the small dose setting. Saturation of the output of the charge amplifier 116 can be prevented at both the dose and the small dose.
- the first read gain G is switched according to the magnitude of the irradiation dose, so that as described above, the imaging condition setting unit 222 determines the other than the irradiation time among the imaging conditions.
- the value of the tube current corresponding to at least the irradiation dose is transmitted to the electronic cassette 20.
- the electronic cassette 20 stores in memory 124 the irradiation time sent and the value of the tube current corresponding to the irradiation dose.
- the first read control unit 130 sets the first read gain G based on the value of the tube current stored in the memory 124 in the scan mode gain (first read gain) G1 or in the scan mode gain (first read gain) G1 ′. Switch to
- FIG. 39B shows the charge amplifier 116 capable of switching the gain G between the second read gain G2 set in the sequential read mode and the first read gains G1 and G1 '(scan mode gain G1 and scan mode gain G1'). Shows the configuration of By turning on both the switch 161a and the switch 161b, the scan mode gain G1 '(G1' ⁇ G1 ⁇ G2) in which the capacitor 158a and the capacitor 158b are connected in parallel with respect to the capacitor 158 is set. can do.
- the first read control unit 130 and the second read control unit 136 are configured to perform the first read gain G1 or G1 'and the second read according to the imaging conditions (the imaging region and the diagnosis region), an example of which is illustrated in FIG.
- the gain G2 may be set.
- the imaging condition setting unit 222 transmits all the imaging conditions related thereto to the electronic cassette 20 through the communication unit 214. Do.
- the start threshold Thi is set at the start of the scan mode, and timing t0 to t0.
- the value (Si + ⁇ ) is obtained by adding a predetermined value (small value) ⁇ to the value of the electric signal (for Si) which is read in a plurality of row units, for example, 12 row units read out first in the scan mode of FIG.
- the threshold value Tha for the next readout in the scan mode can be made a value close to the noise level without falling below the noise level, so detection of radiation 16 radiation earlier Can.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 sets the threshold value Th.
- the first imaging threshold is set between time t10 and t10 'for the first image capturing sheet number, and thereafter in the scan mode (first readout mode) in the order of the normal threshold Tha during time t10' to t12.
- the threshold value Th is set, and the normal threshold value Tha is continuously set as shown in the example from time t20 to t22 as the threshold value Th in the scan mode (first read mode) after the second image capturing number.
- the above-mentioned warning lamp (not shown) and / or the communication unit 126 are used to notify the console 26 and the display device 28 via the system controller 24 (display or audible warning), or from the console 26 or an electronic cassette
- a server such as a maintenance center via a communication line (not shown) directly from 20
- the possibility of failure of the electronic cassette 20 including the radiation conversion panel 64 at the user and / or the external maintenance center can be known. It can be predicted as remote maintenance.
- the electronic cassette 20 as a radiation imaging apparatus is arranged in a matrix that converts the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34 that has passed through the object 14 into an electrical signal and stores it.
- Radiation conversion panel 64 as an imaging panel having a plurality of pixels 102, and a charge amplifier as an electric signal amplifier in which electric signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 are set to
- the value of the electric signal read by the first read control unit 130 which executes the first read mode simultaneously read out via 116 and the first read control unit 130 becomes larger than the threshold value Th which can be arbitrarily set
- the irradiation start determination unit 1 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 from the radiation source 34 to the radiation conversion panel 64 as an imaging panel is started.
- the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the radiation conversion panel as the imaging panel is completed by ending the reading of the electrical signal.
- 64 is transferred to the exposure state, and an elapsed time determination unit 134 that determines whether or not a predetermined time that has been determined in advance has elapsed since the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16;
- a second read mode is executed in which the electric signals stored in the plurality of pixels 102 are sequentially read via the charge amplifier 116 set to the second read gain G2 in units of one row.
- 2 read control unit 136 and the first read gain G1 is set lower than the second read gain G2.
- the gain of the charge amplifier 116 is set low in the first read mode (scan mode), the value of the electric signal for simultaneously reading the charges of a plurality of pixels and detecting the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 is Even when the threshold value Th becomes larger than the threshold value Th, the output value of the charge amplifier 116 can be prevented from becoming excessive or saturated.
- the first readout control unit 130 can simultaneously read out the electrical signals accumulated in the plurality of pixels 102 at a predetermined row interval.
- the first read control unit 130 obtains the first read gain G from the information obtained from the imaging condition setting unit 222 as a dose setting unit that sets the irradiation dose of the radiation 16 to the subject 14 to a small dose or a large dose.
- the first reading gain G1 By setting the first reading gain G1 'at the time of the large dose setting lower than the first reading gain G1 at the time of the small dose setting, the small dose without the charge amplifier 116 being saturated at the large dose setting.
- the output signal of the charge amplifier 116 becomes large, the irradiation of the radiation 16 can be detected early.
- the first read control unit 130 and the second read control unit 136 set the first read gain G1 (G1 ') and the second read gain G2 in accordance with the imaging condition (photographed part + diagnostic part). May be
- the end of the irradiation of the radiation 16 is determined by the elapsed time determination unit 134, but instead, as shown in FIG.
- the determination may be performed using a radiation detection sensor 103 (irradiation end determination unit or irradiation end determination unit) provided in the drive circuit unit 106.
- a radiation detection sensor 103 a sensor using a semiconductor such as a photodiode whose output appears only when the radiation 16 is irradiated can be used.
- the second read control unit 136 can determine that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has ended when the output of the radiation detection sensor 103 becomes substantially zero, and determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 has ended.
- the second read mode is executed in which the electric signals stored in the plurality of pixels 102 are sequentially read via the charge amplifier 116 set to the second read gain G2 in units of one row.
- the radiation detection sensor 103 may be provided on the imaging surface 42 (see FIG. 2) of the panel unit 52. At this time, the radiation detection sensors 103 may be provided at the four corners of the imageable area 60, respectively.
- the radiation detection sensor 103 is provided with a new pixel and a TFT in the radiation conversion panel 64 in addition to a semiconductor sensor using a photodiode etc., and a new charge amplifier (an operational amplifier, a feedback capacitor and a reset) in the drive circuit unit 106.
- a new charge amplifier an operational amplifier, a feedback capacitor and a reset
- the A / D converter, and the TFT, the new charge amplifier, and the A / D converter may be directly controlled by the second read control unit 136.
- the reset switch is opened at the start of exposure, and the output starts to increase, and the irradiation 16 ends when the output does not increase (becomes a fixed value). It can be determined that When it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is completed, the reset switch is closed, and the feedback capacitor of the new charge amplifier is discharged.
- the cassette control unit 122 stops outputting the stop signal Sb based on the input of the detection signal Sa (a signal indicating that the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been detected) from the irradiation start determination unit 132.
- a signal output unit 600 and a return signal output unit 602 that outputs a return signal Sd based on an input of a signal (scan end signal Sc) indicating that the scan mode has ended from the first read control unit 130.
- the stop signal Sb and the return signal Sd are supplied to the gate driver 114.
- the gate drive unit 114 has a mask processing unit 604 corresponding to each gate drive circuit 150. As shown in FIG. 45, the mask processing unit 604 has a first switch circuit 606 and an AND circuit 608 provided corresponding to each output of the gate drive circuit 150.
- the first switch circuit 606 outputs a high level signal (Vh) at an early stage, outputs a low level signal (Vss) based on the input of the stop signal Sb, and outputs a high level signal (based on the input of the recovery signal Sd). Output Vh).
- Each AND circuit 608 receives the corresponding output of the gate drive circuit 150 and the output from the first switch circuit 606, and outputs the logical product of the two inputs.
- the output line of each AND circuit 608 constitutes a corresponding gate line 110. Therefore, when the initial stage or when the return signal Sd is input, the high level signal (Vh) is output from the first switch circuit 606 and input to each AND circuit 608, so that the output from the gate drive circuit 150 Becomes valid, and a gate signal is output to the selected gate line 110.
- the stop signal Sb is input to the first switch circuit 606, the low level signal (Vss) is output from the first switch circuit 606 and input to each AND circuit 608 until the return signal Sd is input. Therefore, the output from the gate drive circuit 150 becomes invalid, and the gate signal is not output from each gate line 110.
- each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate line 110 when the drive signals c1 to c12 are sent, and outputs the gate signal to the selected gate line 110, whereby the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is generated.
- processing mask processing
- the gate signal is not output from the gate drive circuit 150. That is, the first readout control unit 130 prohibits readout of the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 by execution of the scan mode.
- each gate drive circuit 150 continues the operation of sequentially selecting the gate lines 110 when the stop signal Sb is sent (although the scan mode is continued), but the mask Since the process is performed, the gate signal is not output to the selected gate line 110. Thereby, when the radiation 16 is detected (when it is determined that the radiation 16 has been irradiated during execution of the scan mode), it is possible to shift to the exposure state.
- each gate drive circuit 150 when the stop signal Sb is sent after each gate drive circuit 150 outputs the gate signal to the gate line 110 in the 0th row, the stop signal Sb is output in the first row, the second row, and so on. Even after being sent, although the gate lines 110 are sequentially selected, no gate signal is output to the selected gate lines 110. In this case, each gate drive circuit 150 sequentially selects the gate lines 110 even when the stop signal Sb is sent, so that each gate drive is selected after the gate line 110 in the 239th row is selected. The circuit 150 outputs the end signals d1 to d12. The first read control unit 130 ends the scan mode when the end signals d1 to d12 are sent from the gate drive circuits 150.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels 102 of each row when the readout of the charges of the pixels 102 in the scan mode is immediately ended when the radiation 16 is detected and the state is shifted to the accumulation state.
- FIG. 46 it is a figure which shows the mode of the charge accumulate
- the stop signal Sb is sent to each gate drive circuit 150. Therefore, the charge accumulated in the pixels 102 in the second and subsequent rows is not read out, and the charge remains unchanged by the irradiation of the radiation 16. It has been accumulated.
- the charge amount Q0 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 0th row, the charge amount Q1 accumulated in the pixel 102 in the 1st row, and the pixel 102 accumulated in the 239th row obtained by the radiation exposure
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 in the modification 13 is substantially the same as the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, but when the irradiation start determination unit 132 determines that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started in step S24 of FIG.
- the unit 600 sends the stop signal Sb to each gate drive circuit 150, and shifts to the operation of step S25. By this, it is possible to shift to the exposure state.
- the first read control unit 130 determines whether end signals d1 to d12 have been sent from each gate drive circuit 150, and if it is determined that the end signals d1 to d12 have been sent, in step S27 End the execution of scan mode. At this time, the return signal Sd is output from the return signal output unit 602, and the mask processing in the mask processing unit 604 ends.
- the electronic cassette 20a when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the electronic cassette 20a outputs the stop signal Sb to each gate drive circuit 150, and the scan mode continues until one cycle ends, Since the charge stored in the pixel 102 is not read out, the radiation 16 can be imaged without wasting the radiation 16 having image information.
- the mask processing unit 604 provided corresponding to each gate drive circuit 150 is configured by the first switch circuit 606 as a hardware and a plurality of AND circuits 608. If the circuit 150 has a CPU, software (such as a bit mask processing program) having the same function as that of the mask processing unit 604 may be incorporated.
- Modification 14 In the electronic cassette 20b according to Modification 14, when it is determined that the radiation 16 has been irradiated during execution of the scan mode, all the line activation processing is performed after completion of one cycle thereafter. A process of sweeping out the surplus charge of the pixel 102 (all pixel reset mode) is executed. The all line activation process is a process of outputting gate signals to all the gate lines 110 to turn on the TFTs 72 (all TFTs) connected to all the gate lines 110.
- the cassette control unit 122 has an all pixel reset control unit 610.
- the all pixel reset control unit 610 outputs a reset signal Se instructing activation of all the lines based on the input of a signal (scan end signal Sc) indicating that the scan mode has ended from the first read control unit 130.
- a switch control unit which turns on the switch 160 (see FIG. 7) of each charge amplifier 116 for a predetermined time (hereinafter referred to as a reset time) based on the input of the all line activation processing unit 612 and the scan end signal Sc. And 614.
- the gate driving unit 114 has an all line activation circuit 616 corresponding to each gate driving circuit 150. As shown in FIG. 48, all line activation circuit 616 has a second switch circuit 618 and an OR circuit 620 provided corresponding to each output of gate drive circuit 150.
- the second switch circuit 618 outputs a low level signal (Vss) at an early stage, and outputs a high level signal (Vh) over the reset time based on the input of the reset signal Se.
- the output of the high level signal (Vh) and the on control of the switch 160 of the charge amplifier 116 by the switch control unit 614 are performed synchronously.
- Each OR circuit 620 receives the corresponding output of the gate drive circuit 150 and the output from the second switch circuit 618, and outputs the logical sum of the two inputs.
- the output line of each OR circuit 620 constitutes a corresponding gate line 110. Therefore, when the scan mode ends, the second switch circuit 618 outputs the high level signal (Vh) over the reset time and inputs it to each OR circuit 620, so that gate signals are supplied to all the gate lines 110. It will be output (all gate lines 110 are activated).
- the switch 160 of each charge amplifier 116 is also turned on. As a result, all charges (excess charges) remaining in all the pixels 102 are swept out to GND (ground potential) through the switch 160 and the operational amplifier 156.
- the reset time does not have to be converted to an electrical signal and read out from the pixel 102, and may be swept to GND, so the readout time (for example, 21 ⁇ sec) of one row of pixels plus a delay time is set. For example, 30 to 40 ⁇ sec.
- FIG. 49 shows the case where the radiation 16 is detected when the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 in the zeroth row is read, and all pixels 102 are reset after one cycle of the scan mode, and then the exposure state is obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the state of charges accumulated in the pixels of each row in the case of shifting to FIG. While the scan mode is being executed, the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially read out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 from the zeroth row on a row basis. In this case, for example, if radiation 16 is detected by determining that the digital value obtained by reading out the charge stored in the pixel 102 in the zeroth row is larger than the threshold, the scan mode is executed thereafter to continue the first row.
- the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 239th to the 239th rows are sequentially read out in units of rows, and the scan mode ends when the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 in the 239th row are read out. Then, since the charges remaining in all the pixels from this time to the reset time Ta are swept out to GND (ground potential), the state shifts to the exposure state when the reset time Ta ends. That is, the all-pixel reset control unit 610 has a function to shift the radiation conversion panel 64 to the exposure state when all-pixel reset processing is completed. Then, at the start of the exposure period Tb, the charge amounts Q0,..., Q238 and Q239 of all the pixels become almost the same, and it is possible to almost eliminate the variation of the charge amount between the pixels.
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 in this modification 14 is substantially the same as the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, but as shown in FIG. 50, first, in steps S201 to S204, the same as steps S21 to S24 in FIG. The action is taken.
- the first read control unit 130 waits for the end of one cycle of the scan mode (step S205). Since the first read control unit 130 outputs the scan end signal Sc when execution of the scan mode is completed, the all line activation processing unit 612 outputs a reset signal to each all line activation circuit 616 of the gate drive unit 114.
- the switch control unit 614 turns on the switch 160 (see FIG. 7) of each charge amplifier 116 over the reset time Ta.
- the surplus charges of all the pixels 102 are swept to GND and reset (step S207).
- the exposure state is entered, and the exposure period Tb is started (step S208).
- the cassette control unit 122 starts a timer (step S209), and in the next step S210, the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines a predetermined time (predetermined time from the start of the exposure period Tb). In this case, it is determined whether or not the exposure period Tb has elapsed.
- step S210 when it is determined that the predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed, the exposure is ended (end of the exposure period Tb), and the second readout control is performed to read out the charge obtained by the exposure of the radiation 16.
- the unit 136 sequentially starts executing the reading mode (step S211).
- the processes after step S211 are the same as steps S29 to S33 in FIG.
- the all line activation circuit 616 provided corresponding to each gate drive circuit 150 is configured by the second switch circuit 618 as a hardware and a plurality of OR circuits 620. If the gate drive circuit 150 has a CPU, software having the same function as that of the all line activation circuit 616 may be incorporated.
- Modification 15 In the modification 14 above, when it is determined that the radiation 16 is irradiated during execution of the scan mode, the excess charge is not swept out of all the pixels 102 until one cycle is completed thereafter. However, if it is determined that the radiation 16 has been irradiated during execution of the scan mode, sweeping of excess charge of all the pixels 102 may be performed immediately.
- the cassette control unit 122 is a stop signal output unit 600 similar to the modification 13 described above, a return signal output unit 602, and an all pixels reset control unit 610 similar to the modification 14 (all lines And an activation processing unit 612 and a switch control unit 614).
- the all-line activation processing unit 612 activates all the lines based on the input of the detection signal Sa (a signal indicating that the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 has been detected) from the irradiation start determination unit 132. To output a reset signal Se.
- the gate drive unit 114 has a mask processing unit 604 and an all line activation circuit 616 corresponding to each gate drive circuit 150.
- the mask processing unit 604 has a first switch circuit 606 and an AND circuit 608 provided corresponding to each output of the gate drive circuit 150, as in the thirteenth modification.
- the all-line activation circuit 616 includes a second switch circuit 618 and an OR circuit 620 provided corresponding to each output of the gate drive circuit 150.
- Each AND circuit 608 receives the corresponding output of the gate drive circuit 150 and the output from the first switch circuit 606, and outputs the logical product of the two inputs.
- Each OR circuit 620 receives an output from the corresponding AND circuit 608 and an output from the second switch circuit 618, and outputs a logical sum of two inputs.
- the output line of each OR circuit 620 constitutes a corresponding gate line 110.
- the stop signal Sb is input to the first switch circuit 606, and thereafter the low level signal is output from each AND circuit 608 until the return signal Sd is input. (Vss) will be output.
- the reset signal Se is input to the second switch circuit 618, so that the high level signal (Vh) is output over the reset time Ta.
- a gate signal is output to the gate line 110 (all the gate lines 110 are activated).
- the switch 160 of the charge amplifier 116 is also turned on. As a result, all charges (excess charges) remaining in all the pixels 102 are swept out to GND (ground potential) through the switch 160 and the operational amplifier 156.
- the gate drive circuits 150 sequentially read out the charges accumulated in the pixels 102 from the zeroth row on a row basis.
- the radiation 16 is detected by determining that the digital value obtained by reading out the charge stored in the pixel 102 in the zeroth row is larger than the threshold, all pixels 102 for the reset time Ta are detected from that time. The remaining charge is swept out to GND (ground potential).
- the scan mode continues until the end of one cycle, but since the charge accumulated in the pixel 102 is not read out, the point at which the radiation 16 is detected (the radiation 16 The exposure state can be shifted to when the reset time Ta has elapsed from the point when it is determined that the light is irradiated, that is, the scan mode is completed before one cycle is completed.
- step S224 when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the cancellation signal output unit 600 sends the cancellation signal Sb to each gate drive circuit 150 to cause the mask processing unit 604 to start mask processing (gate driving Stop the output from the circuit 150).
- the all line activation processing unit 612 when it is determined that the irradiation of the radiation 16 is started, the all line activation processing unit 612 outputs the reset signal Se to each all line activation circuit 616 of the gate drive unit 114 to switch The control unit 614 turns on the switch 160 (see FIG. 7) of each charge amplifier 116 over the reset time Ta. As a result, the surplus charges of all the pixels are swept to GND and reset (step S225). Then, when the reset time Ta has elapsed, the exposure state is entered, and the exposure period Tb is started (step S226).
- the cassette control unit 122 starts a timer (step S227), waits for the end of the scan mode in the next step S228, and when the scan mode ends, the return signal output unit 602 The return signal Sd is output, and the mask processing in the mask processing unit 604 ends.
- the elapsed time determination unit 134 determines whether or not a predetermined time (which is also equivalent to the exposure period Tb in this case) has elapsed from the start of the exposure period Tb.
- step S229 if it is determined that the predetermined time determined in advance has elapsed, the exposure is ended (end of the exposure period Tb), and the second readout control is performed to read out the charge obtained by the exposure of the radiation 16.
- the unit 136 sequentially starts the execution of the reading mode (step S230).
- the processing after step S230 is the same as steps S29 to S33 in FIG.
- the modification 15 has the effect of the modification 13 and the effect of the modification 14. That is, at the start of the exposure period Tb, the charge amounts Q0,..., Q238 and Q239 of all the pixels become substantially the same, and it is possible to almost eliminate the variation of the charge amount between the pixels. This leads to the improvement of the image quality of the radiation image information and the improvement of the S / N ratio. Moreover, the radiation 16 can be imaged without wasting the radiation 16 having the image information.
- the mask processing unit 604 and the all line activation circuit 616 provided corresponding to each gate drive circuit 150 are respectively the first switch circuit 606 and the plurality of AND circuits 608 as hardware, and the second switch
- the circuit 618 and the plurality of OR circuits 620 are configured is shown, if each gate drive circuit 150 has a CPU, software having the same function as the mask processing unit 604 and the all line activation circuit 616 is used. It may be incorporated.
- FIG. 55 is a block diagram of a radiation imaging system 10 according to the modification 16.
- the radiation imaging system 10 has a plurality of electronic cassettes 20 arranged in a cradle 700 in addition to the electronic cassette 20 actually used for imaging. These electronic cassettes 20 may have the same or different specifications. Also, the electronic cassette 20 disposed in the cradle 700 can be charged via the cradle 700.
- FIG. 56 is a flowchart showing operations of the system controller 24 and the console 26 of the radiation imaging system 10 in the modification 16.
- FIG. 57 is a flowchart showing an operation of the cassette control unit 122 (see FIG. 6) in the modification 16.
- each part in the modification 16 is basically the same as that of the above-described embodiment (FIG. 12 and FIG. 13), but the modification 16 enables imaging with any of the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 at the time of imaging.
- This embodiment differs from the above embodiment in the points.
- steps S301 and S302 in FIG. 56 are the same as steps S1 and S2 in FIG.
- the control unit 212 activates the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 by transmitting a start signal to the electronic cassette 20 via the communication unit 214 in the subsequent step S303.
- Each electronic cassette 20 is in a sleep state until a start signal is sent.
- the control unit 212 notifies the console 26 of identification information of one or more electronic cassettes 20 that can be used for the present photographing, and causes the display unit 204 to display the identification information.
- the electronic cassettes 20 to be activated are all the electronic cassettes 20 included in the radiation imaging system 10.
- the activation signal may be transmitted only to the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 selected by the control unit 212 according to the set imaging conditions.
- the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 that have received the activation signal shift from the sleep mode to the scan mode.
- the electronic cassette 20 may perform a reset operation before executing the scan mode.
- the sleep mode power is supplied only to the minimum necessary parts (for example, the cassette control unit 122 and the communication unit 126), and power supply to the other parts is stopped.
- the photographing condition setting unit 222 and the number-of-shots setting unit 224 (see FIG. 10) of the control unit 212 execute a plurality of electronic cassettes in which the set irradiation time and the number of shots are activated via the communication unit 214. It transmits to 20 (step S304).
- the control unit 212 determines whether a radiation detection notification signal from any of the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 has been received (step S305).
- the radiation detection notification signal is a signal notifying that the radiation 16 has been detected in the electronic cassette 20, and includes identification information for identifying the electronic cassette 20.
- step S305 If it is determined in step S305 that the radiation detection notification signal has not been received, the process remains in step S305 until reception, and if it is determined that the radiation detection notification signal has been received, the control unit 212 transmits the radiation detection notification signal.
- the electronic cassettes 20 other than the above are shifted to the sleep mode and stopped (step S306). That is, the control unit 212 outputs a stop signal to the electronic cassette 20 other than the electronic cassette 20 that has transmitted the radiation detection notification signal.
- the stop signal is a signal instructing each electronic cassette 20 to stop the scan mode and shift to the sleep mode, and the electronic cassette 20 receiving the stop signal shifts from the scan mode to the sleep mode.
- each electronic cassette 20 may be shut down, or may be transitioned to the standby mode in which power is supplied to portions other than the minimum necessary portion (for example, the memory 124 and the pixels 102). Good.
- portions other than the minimum necessary portion for example, the memory 124 and the pixels 1012. Good.
- Steps S308 to S312 are the same as steps S6 to S10 in FIG.
- what is necessary is just to include the identification information of the said electronic cassette 20 in data, in order to determine whether the transmission destination of data is the electronic cassette 20 which transmitted the radiation detection notification signal.
- FIG. 57 the operation of the cassette control unit 122 is shown in FIG. 57 as described above. It should be noted that, in the modification 16, the cassette control unit 122 performing the operation of FIG. 57 is not one but the cassette control unit 122 of all the electronic cassettes 20 that have received the activation signal.
- Steps S321 to S324 in FIG. 57 are the same as steps S21 to S24 in FIG.
- the cassette control unit 122 that has detected the irradiation of the radiation 16 transmits the radiation detection notification signal to the control unit 212 of the system controller 24 and the cassette control unit 122 of the other electronic cassette 20.
- the radiation detection notification signal may be transmitted only to either the control unit 212 or the cassette control unit 122 of the other electronic cassette 20.
- Steps S326 to S334 are similar to steps S25 to S33 in FIG.
- the cassette control unit 122 determines that the other electronic cassette 20 is used. It is determined whether the radiation 16 has been detected at step S335 (step S335). The determination is performed based on the stop signal from the system controller 24 or the radiation detection notification signal from the other electronic cassette 20. That is, when receiving either the stop signal or the radiation detection notification signal, the cassette control unit 122 determines that the radiation 16 is detected by another electronic cassette 20. On the other hand, when neither the stop signal nor the radiation detection notification signal is received, the cassette control unit 122 determines that the radiation 16 is not detected in the other electronic cassette 20.
- the process returns to step S323.
- the cassette control unit 122 stops the scan mode and shifts to the sleep mode (step S336). As described above, instead of going to sleep, it may be in the shutdown or standby mode.
- the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 when capturing a radiation image, the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 can capture a radiation image. Therefore, even when the user (radiologist or the like) mistake the electronic cassette 20, imaging can be performed. Moreover, the detection of the radiation 16 is performed using the radiation conversion panel 64. For this reason, it is not necessary to use radiation detection means other than the radiation conversion panel 64, and the electronic cassette 20 can be miniaturized.
- the scan mode since the charges accumulated in the pixels are simultaneously read in a plurality of row units, it is possible to early and accurately determine the start of radiation 16 irradiation. That is, since the charges accumulated in the pixels are added and read out, when the radiation 16 is irradiated, the obtained value is dramatically larger than when the radiation 16 is not irradiated. The start of 16 irradiations can be determined early. As a result, it is possible to quickly shift from the scan mode in which charges are read in a plurality of row units to the sequential read mode in which charges are read in a row unit. Therefore, the irradiation time of the radiation 16 for determining the start of the irradiation of the radiation 16 can be short (the amount of irradiation can be small), and the energy of the radiation 16 can be effectively used.
- the scan mode performs reading in units of a plurality of rows, it is possible to shorten the control cycle per row as compared to the case in which reading is performed in units of one row.
- the sequential read mode is used to detect the start of irradiation of the radiation 16, and then the transition from the scan mode to the sequential read mode is actually more effective than in the case where radiographic image information to be actually used as a radiographic image is acquired. Deviation of the charge amount of each pixel when starting acquisition of radiation image information used as a radiation image is reduced. For this reason, in the modification 16, it becomes easy to prevent generation
- the electronic cassettes 20 executing the scan mode detect the radiation 16
- the electronic cassettes 20 notify other electronic cassettes 20 of the detection of the radiation 16 directly and via the system controller 24.
- the other electronic cassette 20 that has received the notification cancels the scan mode.
- the electronic cassette 20 other than the electronic cassette 20 that has detected the radiation 16 can suppress the subsequent power consumption.
- the other electronic cassettes 20 stop the scan mode and switch to the sleep mode. Not limited to this.
- the stop signal and the radiation detection notification signal can be used.
- the read start signal from the electronic cassette 20 may be used, and the system controller 24 may transmit a stop signal to another electronic cassette 20 triggered by the read start signal. .
- the readout start signal also serves as the radiation detection notification signal, the processing in the electronic cassette 20 can be simplified.
- the contents of the modification 16 can be combined with the modifications 1 to 15.
- the modification 16 when the scan mode is performed, as in the modification 4, charges can be read out from only a part of a plurality of pixels. In this case, it is possible to reduce the amount of power consumption or calculation during execution of the scan mode.
- the configuration of the radiation imaging system 10 of the modification 17 is the same as that of the modification 16 (FIG. 55).
- the operations of the system controller 24 and the console 26 of the radiation imaging system 10 in the modification 17 are basically the same as in the modification 16 (FIG. 56).
- the control unit 212 specifies a plurality of electronic cassettes 20 (photographable electronic cassettes 20) according to the photographing conditions and the number of photographed images.
- step S303 the control unit 212 transmits a start signal (first start signal) for instructing execution of the readout mode sequentially after the scan mode to each of the recordable electronic cassettes 20, while the recordable electronic cassette 20 is A start signal (second start signal) instructing execution of the sleep mode after the scan mode is transmitted to the electronic cassettes 20 other than the electronic cassette 20.
- first start signal a start signal for instructing execution of the readout mode sequentially after the scan mode to each of the recordable electronic cassettes 20, while the recordable electronic cassette 20 is
- a start signal (second start signal) instructing execution of the sleep mode after the scan mode is transmitted to the electronic cassettes 20 other than the electronic cassette 20.
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 which has received the first activation signal from the control unit 212 is the same as that of the sixteenth modification (FIG. 57).
- the operation of the cassette control unit 122 which has received the second activation signal from the control unit 212 is as shown in FIG.
- steps S341 to S345, S347, and S348 in FIG. 58 are the same as steps S321 to S325, S335, and S336 in FIG.
- step S346 the cassette control unit 122 that has transmitted the radiation detection notification signal in step S345 shifts from the scan mode to the sleep mode.
- the transition to the sleep mode may be performed after the reception confirmation of the radiation detection notification signal is received from the system controller 24 or another electronic cassette 20.
- the system controller 24 receives an input of imaging conditions of a radiation image, determines one of the plurality of electronic cassettes 20 that matches the imaging conditions, and compares the electronic cassette 20 that matches the imaging conditions. In other words, when the radiation 16 is detected in the scan mode, it instructs to sequentially execute the readout mode. On the other hand, for the electronic cassette 20 which does not match the imaging conditions, when the radiation 16 is detected in the scan mode, the system controller 24 is commanded to notify the detection of the radiation 16 without executing the sequential readout mode. Then, when detection of the radiation 16 is notified from the electronic cassette 20 which does not match the imaging conditions, a warning is given to the user (radiologist etc.) via the display device 28.
- Modification 17 can be combined with Modifications 1 to 15.
- the charge can be read out from only part of the plurality of pixels. In this case, it is possible to reduce the amount of power consumption or calculation during execution of the scan mode.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を複数の行単位で同時に読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が、任意に設定可能な閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)と、
を備え、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定された場合は、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることで、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項1に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)であって、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を所定の行間隔で同時に読み出すことを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項1に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)であって、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定した場合は、前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号の読み出しが終了したタイミングで、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項1に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)であって、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定された場合は、その判定されたタイミングで、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項1に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)であって、
前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されてから予め決められた所定時間が経過したか否かを判定する経過時間判定部(134)と、
前記経過時間判定部(134)により前記所定時間が経過したと判定した場合は、前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を1行単位で順次読み出す第2読出しモードを実行する第2読出制御部(136)と、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項5に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)であって、
前記第1読出制御部(130)及び第2読出制御部(136)は、予め設定された撮像枚数に応じて、前記第1読出しモード、前記露光状態、及び前記第2読出しモードを繰り返し実行することを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 請求項5に記載の放射線撮像装置(20)を備える放射線撮像システム(10)であって、
少なくとも撮影部位に対応して前記放射線(16)の照射時間を記録したテーブル(218)と、
ユーザーによって選択された撮影部位に対応する照射時間に設定する照射時間設定部(222)と、
を備え、
前記経過時間判定部(134)は、前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定されてから、前記照射時間設定部(222)により設定された前記照射時間が経過したか否かを判定することを特徴とする放射線撮像システム(10)。 - 請求項7に記載の放射線撮像システム(10)であって、
前記テーブル(218)は、少なくとも撮影部位及び診断部位に対応して前記放射線(16)の照射時間が記憶されており、
前記照射時間設定部(222)は、ユーザーによって選択された撮影部位及び診断部位に対応する前記照射時間に設定することを特徴とする放射線撮像システム(10)。 - 請求項7に記載の放射線撮像システム(10)であって、
ユーザーによって選択された撮像枚数に設定する撮影枚数設定部(224)を備え、
前記第1読出制御部(130)及び第2読出制御部(136)は、前記撮影枚数設定部(224)により選択された撮像枚数に応じて、前記第1読出しモード、前記露光状態、前記第2読出しモードを繰り返し実行することを特徴とする放射線撮像システム(10)。 - 請求項7に記載の放射線撮像システム(10)であって、
前記テーブル(218)は、少なくとも撮影部位に対応して前記放射線(16)の前記照射時間及び撮像枚数が記録されており、
前記第1読出制御部(130)及び第2読出制御部(136)は、ユーザーによって選択された撮影部位に対応する撮像枚数に応じて、前記第1読出しモード、前記露光状態、前記第2読出しモードを繰り返し実行することを特徴とする放射線撮像システム(10)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102)を有する撮像パネル(66)を備えるコンピュータが実行する放射線撮像方法であって、
前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を複数の行単位で同時に読み出す第1読出しモードを実行するステップと、
前記第1読出しモードの実行により読み出された電気信号の値が閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定するステップと、
前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定した場合は、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることで、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させるステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像方法。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102)を有する撮像パネル(66)を有するコンピュータを、
前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電荷を複数の行単位で同時に読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)、
として機能させ、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定した場合は、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることで、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させることを特徴とするプログラム。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電荷に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
予め決められた行の前記画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)と、
前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されてから予め決められた所定時間が経過したか否かを判定する経過時間判定部(134)と、
前記経過時間判定部(134)により前記所定時間が経過したと判定された場合は、前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を1行単位で順次読み出す第2読出しモードを実行する第2読出制御部(136)と、
を備え、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定された場合は、前記電気信号の読出しを終了させることで、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が、任意に設定可能な閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)と、
前記第1読出しモードの実行を開始してから所定時間経過しても、前記電気信号の値が前記閾値に到達しない場合には、前記第1読出しモードを停止させる第1読出しモード停止判定部(312)と、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記放射線(16)の照射に関わる撮影メニューに基づいて、前記画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出しモードの実行が開始されたか否かを判定するモード移行判定部(330)と、
前記第1読出しモードの実行が開始されたと前記モード移行判定部(330)が判定した場合に、前記モード移行判定部(330)の判定結果を外部に報知する第1報知部(126、308、310)と、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記放射線(16)の照射に関わる撮影メニューに設定された前記被写体(14)の撮影領域(352、356)に対応する画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が、任意に設定可能な閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定するとともに、前記第1読出制御部(130)に対して前記電気信号の読出しを終了させて、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させるように指示する照射開始判定部(132)と、
前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されてから所定時間が経過したときに、前記撮影領域(352、356)に対応する画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を1行単位で順次読み出す第2読出しモードを実行する第2読出制御部(136)と、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を複数の行単位で同時に読み出すか、あるいは、前記複数の画素(102、254)のうち、予め決められた行の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を1行単位で順次読み出す第2読出しモードを実行する第2読出制御部(136)と、
前記放射線(16)の照射に関わる撮影メニューに含まれる撮影履歴を参照して、前記第1読出しモードの実行又は前記第2読出しモードの実行を決定し、決定したモードによる電気信号の読出しを前記第1読出制御部(130)又は前記第2読出制御部(136)に実行させる撮像制御部(122)と、
を備えることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102、254)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を複数の行単位で第1読出ゲインに設定した電気信号増幅器(116)を介して同時に読み出す第1読出モードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が、任意に設定可能な閾値より大きくなった場合は、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)は、前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定された場合は、前記電気信号の読み出しを終了させることで、前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させるものであり、
前記放射線(16)の照射の終了を判定する照射終了判定部(134)と、
前記照射終了判定部(134)により前記放射線(16)の照射が終了したと判定した場合は、前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電気信号を1行単位で第2読出ゲインに設定した前記電気信号増幅器(116)を介して順次読み出す第2読出モードを実行する第2読出制御部(136)と、
を備え、
前記第1読出ゲインが前記第2読出ゲインより低く設定される
ことを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 少なくとも露光期間に被写体(14)を透過した放射線源(34)からの放射線(16)を電気信号に変換して蓄積する行列状に配置された複数の画素(102)を有する撮像パネル(66)と、
前記複数の画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を複数の行単位で同時に読み出す第1読出しモードを実行する第1読出制御部(130)と、
前記第1読出制御部(130)により読み出された電気信号の値が、任意に設定可能な閾値より大きくなった場合に、前記放射線源(34)から前記撮像パネル(66)に対する前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定する照射開始判定部(132)と、
前記照射開始判定部(132)により前記放射線(16)の照射が開始されたと判定された場合に、全ての画素(102)に蓄積された電気信号を捨てる全画素リセット処理を行う全画素リセット制御部(610)とを有し、
前記全画素リセット処理が完了した段階で前記撮像パネル(66)を露光状態に移行させることを特徴とする放射線撮像装置(20)。 - 放射線(16)を出力する放射線源(34)と、放射線画像を取得する複数の放射線撮像装置(20)と、前記放射線源(34)及び前記複数の放射線撮像装置(20)を制御する制御装置(212)とを有する放射線撮像システム(10)であって、
前記複数の放射線撮像装置(20)は、
被写体(14)を透過した前記放射線(16)を電荷に変換して蓄積する複数の画素(102、254)がマトリクス状に配置された放射線変換パネル(64)と、
前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電荷の読出しを制御すると共に、前記電荷に基づく前記放射線画像の情報を出力する読出制御部(130、136)と
を備え、
前記読出制御部(130、136)は、
前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電荷を複数の行単位で同時に読み出すことで、前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電荷を、前記放射線画像の生成に用いない第1電気信号として読み出す第1読出しモードと、
前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電荷を1行単位で読み出すことで、前記複数の画素(102、254)に蓄積された電荷を、前記放射線画像の生成に用いる第2電気信号として読み出す第2読出しモードと
を実行可能であり、
前記制御装置(212)は、放射線画像の撮影に際し、前記複数の放射線撮像装置(20)の前記読出制御部(130、136)に対し、前記第1読出しモードの実行の要求をし、
前記第1読出しモードの実行の要求を受けた前記読出制御部(130、136)は、前記第1読出しモードを実行し、その後、前記放射線変換パネル(64)が前記放射線(16)を検出したら、前記第2読出しモードを実行して前記放射線画像の情報を出力する
ことを特徴とする放射線撮像システム(10)。
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| JPWO2012008229A1 (ja) | 2013-09-05 |
| US20150085980A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
| JP2015173450A (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
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| US8933413B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
| US20130140467A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
| CN103109526A (zh) | 2013-05-15 |
| JP5961721B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 |
| US8841628B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
| JP5731505B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
| US20140241502A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
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