WO2012005003A1 - 不揮発性半導体記憶装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
不揮発性半導体記憶装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012005003A1 WO2012005003A1 PCT/JP2011/003902 JP2011003902W WO2012005003A1 WO 2012005003 A1 WO2012005003 A1 WO 2012005003A1 JP 2011003902 W JP2011003902 W JP 2011003902W WO 2012005003 A1 WO2012005003 A1 WO 2012005003A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B63/00—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices
- H10B63/80—Arrangements comprising multiple bistable or multi-stable switching components of the same type on a plane parallel to the substrate, e.g. cross-point arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/011—Manufacture or treatment of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/061—Shaping switching materials
- H10N70/066—Shaping switching materials by filling of openings, e.g. damascene method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/883—Oxides or nitrides
- H10N70/8833—Binary metal oxides, e.g. TaOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76879—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material by selective deposition of conductive material in the vias, e.g. selective C.V.D. on semiconductor material, plating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device using a resistance change layer, and more particularly to a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device having a structure suitable for miniaturization.
- ReRAM resistance-change memory
- NiO nickel oxide film
- V 2 O 5 vanadium oxide film
- ZnO zinc oxide film
- niobium oxide film Nb 2 O 5
- titanium oxide film TiO 2
- WO 3 tungsten oxide A film
- CoO cobalt oxide film
- the cross-point type memory cell described in Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a memory plug having a multilayer structure is sandwiched between two intersecting conductive lines 210 and 215 as shown in FIG.
- the memory plug includes two electrodes 220 and 230 that sandwich a CMO memory layer 225 that forms a resistance change element, and two metal layers 235 and 245 that sandwich an insulating layer 240 that forms an MIM diode.
- the manufacturing method forms the memory plug by etching after laminating each layer over the entire surface.
- the contact area between the photoresist that protects the memory plug region during etching and the surface of the multilayer structure is reduced, the adhesion is lowered, and the pattern of the memory plug cannot be formed stably. There is.
- an object of the present invention is to form a memory cell having a multilayer structure in a memory cell hole so that the characteristics are more uniform.
- the present inventors considered that it is possible to form a memory cell having a multilayer structure inside a fine memory cell hole by using electroless selective growth plating, and have intensively studied a specific method thereof. As a result, the following knowledge was obtained.
- an interlayer insulating layer made of SiO 2 is formed on the metal wiring, and the memory cell hole is formed so that the metal wiring is exposed in the interlayer insulating layer.
- an electrode material that is, a material to be an electrode of a resistance change element is deposited on the metal wiring by using a deposition method such as sputtering
- the electrode material is also deposited on the interlayer insulating layer.
- the electrode material on the interlayer insulating layer must be removed by CMP or the like, but when platinum or the like is used as the electrode material, removal by CMP may be difficult.
- electroless selective growth plating is used, the electrode material can be deposited only on the wiring made of metal without depositing the electrode material on the interlayer insulating layer made of SiO 2 .
- the thickness of the obtained electrode layer varies greatly. Further, it has been found that the thicknesses of the electrode layers formed on the same metal wiring are almost uniform, while the thicknesses of the electrode layers formed on different metal wirings may be greatly different.
- the following mechanism can be considered as the cause of this phenomenon.
- electroless selective growth plating no current flows through the surface to be plated, and the reaction proceeds by exchanging charges between components in the plating solution and the surface to be plated. For this reason, the progress of the plating reaction is greatly affected by the potential of the surface to be plated. Since the potentials of the same metal wiring are almost the same, plating starts at substantially the same timing, and the thickness of the obtained electrode layer becomes substantially uniform. On the other hand, when the potential is different for different metal wirings, the timing at which plating starts is also different, and the thickness of the obtained electrode layer is also different.
- the thickness of the electrode layer varies, for example, the following problems may occur.
- variable resistance layer is uniform
- the thicker the electrode layer the smaller the initial resistance of the variable resistance element. This is presumably because the flatness of the surface of the noble metal electrode deteriorates as the stress of the noble metal electrode increases. Since the flatness is deteriorated, the electric field is not uniformly applied to the variable resistance layer, and the characteristics of the variable resistance element are also affected. Specifically, for example, problems such as variations in initial resistance, voltage and current in which resistance change occurs, change width of the resistance value, and the like, and reliability (retention, endurance) may decrease.
- the thickness of the resistance change layer becomes thinner as the electrode layer becomes thicker. If the thickness of the resistance change layer is different, the electric field strength applied to the resistance change layer is different even when the same voltage is applied between the word line and the bit line, and as a result, the characteristics of the resistance change element are also affected. Specifically, for example, there may occur problems such as variations in voltage and current causing resistance change, change width of resistance value, and the like, and reliability (retention and endurance) being lowered.
- variable resistance layer for example, in the case of a two-layer structure in which a low resistance layer with a low oxygen content is stacked on a high resistance layer with a high oxygen content, the higher the electrode layer, the higher the resistance. Shallow holes when depositing layers. As a result, even if the film formation time is the same, the high resistance layer is formed thicker, and the characteristics of the resistance change element are also affected. Specifically, for example, problems such as variations in initial resistance, voltage and current in which resistance change occurs, change width of the resistance value, and the like, and reliability (retention, endurance) may decrease.
- the plating reaction tends to start when the exposed metal area is large, and the plating reaction tends to hardly start when the exposed area is small.
- the inventors of the present invention have confirmed by experiments that, when an electrode material is deposited on the metal wiring exposed in the memory cell hole, the plating reaction tends to start as the exposed area of the metal in the hole increases. Based on these results, for each metal wiring, apart from the memory cell holes, a dummy hole having a large opening area (also referred to as a uniform plating hole) is formed on the same metal wiring, so that different metal wirings can be connected.
- a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device covers a substrate, a plurality of first wirings formed in a stripe shape on the substrate, and the plurality of first wirings.
- the plurality of first wirings and the plurality of second wirings are crossed in the interlayer insulating layer between the plurality of first wirings and the plurality of second wirings at respective intersections in plan view.
- the area of the first wiring exposed in the lower opening of the dummy hole is larger than the area of the first wiring exposed in the lower opening of one memory cell hole.
- a method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprising: forming a plurality of stripe-shaped first wirings on a substrate; and forming an interlayer insulating layer on the substrate including the plurality of first wirings.
- the electrode material is deposited in a dummy with a large area and a small aspect ratio (hole height / maximum dimension at the hole bottom). It starts preferentially at the bottom surface of the hole, and the deposition at the bottom surface of the memory cell hole in which the resistance change element is formed is performed simultaneously with the start of deposition at the bottom surface of the dummy hole.
- the deposition start time of the first electrode material in the variable resistance element portion is uniform as compared with the case where there is no dummy hole, so that the thickness of the first electrode is the same in all variable resistance elements. I can do it.
- the dimension on the short side is the same as or larger than the diameter in the planar shape of the resistance change element, and below the dummy hole.
- a rectangle that is the same as or smaller than the wiring width of the first wiring is preferable.
- a layout may be adopted in which a part of the dummy hole protrudes from the first wiring underneath in plan view.
- the side surface of the first wiring is also exposed at the protruding portion, so that the effect of uniforming the plating film thickness by the dummy hole can be obtained.
- a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a substrate, a plurality of first wirings formed in a stripe shape on the substrate, and an interlayer insulation formed to cover the plurality of first wirings.
- a plurality of second wirings formed in a stripe shape in a direction intersecting with the plurality of first wirings above the plurality of first wirings, and a plurality of second wirings formed on the interlayer insulating layer.
- An upper surface of the plurality of first wirings is placed in the interlayer insulating layer between the plurality of first wirings and the plurality of second wirings at each intersection in a plan view of one wiring and the plurality of second wirings.
- Hole and the memory cell A laminated structure of a first electrode and a resistance change layer formed on the first electrode, each formed in each of the holes and in the dummy holes, and at the bottom surface of each dummy hole
- the area in contact with the first wiring is larger than the area in contact with the first wiring at the bottom surface of the first electrode per one memory cell hole, and each of the first wiring has one or more dummy holes. Is formed.
- a non-volatile semiconductor memory device manufacturing method comprising: a step (A) of forming a plurality of stripe-shaped first wirings on a substrate; and a step of forming the plurality of first wirings on the substrate.
- a dummy hole having a larger bottom area than the resistance change element is disposed on the same wiring in the lower wiring of the memory cell array. It is possible to obtain an effect of suppressing variations in film thickness when the electrode film is plated on the bottom by electroless selective growth plating and the occurrence of bit defects accompanying therewith.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view showing details of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 2A in the arrow direction.
- FIG. 3A illustrates a step of forming a first wiring and an interlayer insulating layer provided with a hole reaching the first wiring on the substrate in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for this.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view showing details of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-
- FIG. 3B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming the first electrode at the bottom of the hole in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the first electrode in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the step of forming the resistance change layer by removing the resistance change material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment. is there.
- FIG. 4B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming an interlayer insulating layer in which a second wiring groove is formed on the interlayer insulating layer and the resistance change layer.
- FIG. 4C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of embedding and forming the second wiring in the second wiring groove.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 5A in the direction of the arrow.
- FIG. 6A illustrates a step of forming a first wiring and an interlayer insulating layer provided with a hole reaching the first wiring on the substrate in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for this.
- FIG. 6B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming the first electrode at the bottom of the hole in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6C is a process cross-sectional view for describing a step of forming a variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the first electrode in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6A illustrates a step of forming a first wiring and an interlayer insulating layer provided with a hole reaching the first wiring on the substrate in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for this.
- FIG. 6B is a process cross-
- FIG. 7A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the step of removing the variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a resistance change layer by removing a part of the surface side of the resistance change material layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment. is there.
- FIG. 7C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the resistance change layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the step of removing the variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of
- FIG. 8A shows a method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment, in which the second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer is removed to form a second electrode, and the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode are formed. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step which forms the interlayer insulation layer in which the 2nd wiring groove
- FIG. 8B shows a method of manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment in which a semiconductor material layer, a third electrode material layer, and a second wiring material layer are arranged in this order on the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step to deposit.
- FIG. 8A shows a method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment, in which the second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer is removed to form a second electrode, and the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode are formed. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step
- FIG. 8C shows a method of manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment, in which the semiconductor material layer, the third electrode material layer, and the second wiring material layer on the interlayer insulating layer are removed, and the semiconductor layer It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step which forms 3 electrode and 2nd wiring.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view showing the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 5A in the arrow direction.
- FIG. 10A illustrates steps of forming a first wiring and an interlayer insulating layer provided with a hole reaching the first wiring on the substrate in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming the first electrode at the bottom of the hole in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10C illustrates a method of manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment, in which a first variable resistance material layer and a second variable resistance material layer are formed in this order on the interlayer insulating layer and the first electrode. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step to do.
- FIG. 11A shows a first resistance change by removing the first variable resistance material layer and the second variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11B shows a method of manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment, in which a part of the surface side of the variable resistance material layer is removed to form a first variable resistance layer and a second variable resistance layer. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating a step.
- FIG. 11C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the resistance change layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the resistance change layer in the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12A shows a method of manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment, in which the second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer is removed to form a second electrode, and the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode are formed. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step which forms the interlayer insulation layer in which the 2nd wiring groove
- FIG. 12B shows a method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment in which a semiconductor material layer, a third electrode material layer, and a second wiring material layer are arranged in this order on the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step to deposit.
- FIG. 12A shows a method of manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment, in which the second electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer is removed to form a second electrode, and the interlayer insulating layer and the second electrode are formed. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step
- FIG. 12C shows a method of manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment, in which the semiconductor material layer, the third electrode material layer, and the second wiring material layer on the interlayer insulating layer are removed, and the semiconductor layer It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step which forms 3 electrode and 2nd wiring.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a configuration of a memory portion of a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 14A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a lower layer Cu wiring in a stripe shape in the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 14B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming an interlayer insulating layer on the lower layer Cu wiring in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 14C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the step of forming the memory cell hole in the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 14D is a process cross-sectional view illustrating the step of forming the noble metal electrode layer (first electrode) on the bottom of the memory cell hole in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 15A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the noble metal electrode layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 15B is a process cross-sectional view illustrating the step of removing the variable resistance material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 15C is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a resistance change layer by removing a part of the surface side of the resistance change material layer in the method of manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 16A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming an intermediate electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the resistance change layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 16B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the step of forming the intermediate electrode by removing the intermediate electrode material layer on the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 16C is a process cross-sectional view for describing the step of forming the interlayer insulating layer on the interlayer insulating layer and the intermediate electrode in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 17A is a process cross-sectional view for explaining a step of forming a wiring trench in the interlayer insulating layer in the method for manufacturing the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 17B shows a step of depositing a semiconductor material layer, an upper electrode material layer, and an upper Cu wiring material layer in this order on the interlayer insulating layer and the intermediate electrode in the manufacturing method of the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating.
- FIG. 17B shows a step of depositing a semiconductor material layer, an upper electrode material layer, and an upper Cu wiring material layer in this order on the interlayer insulating layer and the intermediate electrode in the manufacturing method of the cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating.
- FIG. 17C is a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device manufacturing method, in which the semiconductor material layer, the upper electrode material layer, and the upper Cu wiring material layer are removed from the interlayer insulating layer to remove the semiconductor layer and the upper electrode; It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the step which forms upper layer Cu wiring.
- FIG. 18 is a view for explaining a desirable shape of the dummy hole of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a desirable layout of dummy holes according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a conventional nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- “to form on a substrate” means to form a structure directly on a substrate and to form on a substrate via another according to a general interpretation. Means both.
- the “interlayer insulating layer” is an interlayer insulating layer formed in one process in the manufacturing process of the nonvolatile memory element, and a plurality of interlayers formed in a plurality of processes in the manufacturing process of the nonvolatile memory element. It refers to both the interlayer insulating layer formed by combining the insulating layers into one.
- the variable resistance element, uniform plating, and the shape of the wiring are schematic, and the rectangle in the plan view shape of the memory cell hole is rounded at the four corners in addition to the case where the four corners are completely perpendicular. Also included. Further, the number and the like are easy to show.
- the single-layer cross-point memory array is described by exemplifying a resistance change element formed on the lower wiring.
- the present invention is limited to the single-layer cross-point memory array.
- the same effect can be obtained with respect to the lower wiring and the resistance change element formed on the cross-point memory array having two or more layers.
- Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but before that, in a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device, a device configuration in the case where a plating film is formed on the bottom in a memory cell hole, and a manufacturing method thereof will be described. To do.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- An upper layer Cu wiring 338 for example, a word line
- a lower layer Cu wiring 318 for example, a bit line
- the resistance change element 333 storage unit
- the memory unit 333 has a stacked structure of a noble metal electrode layer 330, a resistance change layer 331, and an intermediate electrode 332 in the memory cell hole 326.
- a third interlayer insulating layer 337 is formed over the second interlayer insulating layer 319 including the intermediate electrode 332 by using a CVD method (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- a wiring groove 320 is formed in the third interlayer insulating layer 337, and a semiconductor layer 334 and an upper electrode 335 that are part of the diode element 336 and an upper Cu wiring 338 are formed in the wiring groove. Has been.
- FIGS. 14 to 17 show cross-sectional views in each time-series process.
- a plurality of lower layer Cu wirings 318 are formed in a stripe shape on a first interlayer insulating layer 316 formed on, for example, a silicon substrate (not shown).
- a second interlayer insulating layer 319 made of TEOS-SiO or the like is formed using a CVD method or the like.
- SiN silicon nitride film
- SiON functioning as an etching stopper layer on the lower layer side of the second interlayer insulating layer 319.
- the second interlayer insulating layer 319 may have a multilayer structure including a (silicon oxynitride film) or SiCN (silicon carbonitride film). Further, on the upper layer side of the second interlayer insulating layer 319, for example, SiON that is harder than this TEOS-SiO in CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) may be formed. By forming SiON on the upper layer side of the second interlayer insulating layer 319, a CMP process when embedding and forming the resistance change layer 331 and the intermediate electrode 332 to be formed later in the memory cell hole 326 can be facilitated, and It can be done reliably.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- a plurality of memory cell holes 326 to be connected to the lower layer Cu wiring 318 are formed in the second interlayer insulating layer 319 at a constant arrangement pitch.
- the diameter of the memory cell hole 326 is smaller than the width of the lower layer Cu wiring 318, and the memory cell hole 326 is disposed so as not to protrude from the lower layer Cu wiring 318.
- the lower layer Cu wiring 318 exposed at the bottom of the memory cell hole 326 is made of a material having a higher standard electrode potential than the metal constituting the resistance change material by using electroless selective growth plating.
- a noble metal electrode layer 330 is formed. Platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), or the like is used for the noble metal electrode.
- the electroless Pt plating bath is a hydrazine-ammonia Pt plating bath, or a boron compound or hypophosphorous acid as a reducing agent. It is preferable to use a Pt plating bath contained as Further, the film thickness of the Pt electrode film may be 5 nm or more and 24 nm or less.
- the thickness of the Pt electrode layer by reducing the thickness of the Pt electrode layer, generation of Pt hillocks by heat treatment can be suppressed, and the interface with the resistance change layer formed thereon can be flattened. Further, after forming a seed layer containing either nickel, nickel-phosphorus alloy or nickel-boron alloy on the lower layer Cu wiring 318, the above electroless Pt plating is performed, so that Pt is more efficiently deposited on Cu. Selective growth can be performed.
- the seed layer may have a laminated structure of any combination of palladium and nickel, palladium and nickel-phosphorus alloy, or palladium and nickel-boron alloy.
- the seed layer uses a Pd—Sn complex on Cu, adsorbs a catalytic metal serving as a nucleus of plating on Cu (catalyst), dissolves a tin salt, and generates metallic palladium by an oxidation-reduction reaction. .
- a nickel seed layer is formed using electroless selective growth plating.
- a Pt film is formed on the nickel seed layer by electroless selective growth plating.
- noble metal is selectively deposited only on the lower layer Cu wiring 318, which is a conductor, and thus no noble metal electrode is formed on the side wall of the memory cell hole 326 formed of the interlayer insulating layer.
- an electrode material is formed on the side wall of the memory cell hole 326, leakage may occur between the upper electrode and the lower electrode due to the electrode material formed on the side wall, but by using electroless selective growth plating, Side wall leak does not occur.
- the noble metal electrode layer 330 can be formed only on the bottom of the memory cell hole 326, it is not formed on the second interlayer insulating layer 319.
- a resistance change material layer 331 a to be the resistance change layer 331 is formed on the second interlayer insulating layer 319 including the memory cell hole 326.
- the variable resistance material layer 331a is an oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.5 when expressed as TaO x ).
- An oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide is an oxide having a low oxygen content (atomic ratio: ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to the total number of atoms) compared to a tantalum oxide having a stoichiometric composition. .
- variable resistance material layer 331a on the second interlayer insulating layer 319 is removed by using a CMP process, and the variable resistance layer 331 is embedded in the memory cell hole 326.
- an etch back process may be used instead of CMP.
- an intermediate electrode serving as an intermediate electrode 332 functioning as an upper electrode of the memory portion 333 and a lower electrode of the diode element 336.
- a material layer 332a is formed.
- the intermediate electrode material layer 332a a material having a standard electrode potential lower than that of the noble metal electrode layer 330, for example, TaN, TiN, or W is formed by sputtering.
- the resistance change phenomenon is selectively generated in the resistance change layer 331 near the interface between the noble metal electrode layer 330 and the resistance change layer 331. Can do.
- the intermediate electrode material layer 332a on the second interlayer insulating layer 319 is removed by using a CMP process, and the intermediate electrode 332 is embedded in the memory cell hole 326.
- a third interlayer insulating layer 337 is further formed on the second interlayer insulating layer 319 including the intermediate electrode 332 by using CVD or the like.
- an upper layer Cu wiring groove for embedding and forming a semiconductor layer 334 that forms part of the diode element 336, an upper electrode 335, and an upper layer Cu wiring 338 in the third interlayer insulating layer 337. 339 is formed.
- the upper layer Cu wiring groove 339 is formed in a stripe shape intersecting with the lower layer Cu wiring 318, whereby the semiconductor layer 334, the upper electrode 335, and the upper layer Cu wiring 338 are striped in a shape intersecting with the lower layer Cu wiring 318. Is formed.
- nitrogen-deficient silicon nitride (SiN z , 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.85) is used as the semiconductor layer 334, and TaN, TiN, or ⁇ -W is used as the upper electrode 335, and the semiconductor layer 334 and the intermediate electrode 332 are used.
- the upper electrode 335 form an MSM diode.
- the electrode material of the MSM diode may be any material that forms a Schottky junction with the semiconductor layer 334. Further, by appropriately selecting the electrode material, the voltage-current characteristics of the MSM diode can be made symmetric or asymmetric in the positive voltage region and the negative voltage region.
- SiN z layer having such a semiconductor characteristic can be formed by reactive sputtering in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, for example using a Si target.
- the chamber pressure may be 0.1 Pa to 1 Pa and the Ar / N 2 flow rate may be 18 sccm / 2 sccm at room temperature.
- the SiN z having semiconductor properties when produced in a thickness of Z 0.3 is and 10nm is, 1 ⁇ 10 4 A / current density cm 2 was obtained at applied voltage of 1.6V, 0.8 V of With voltage application, a current density of 1 ⁇ 10 3 A / cm 2 was obtained. Therefore, when these voltages are used as a reference, the on / off ratio is 10, which can be sufficiently used as a diode element of a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- the same material as the lower layer Cu wiring 318 can be used for the upper layer Cu wiring 338.
- the upper layer Cu wiring groove 339 is removed by removing the semiconductor material layer 334a, the upper electrode material layer 335a, and the upper layer Cu wiring material layer 338a on the third interlayer insulating layer 337 by CMP. Then, the semiconductor layer 334, the upper electrode 335, and the upper layer Cu wiring 338 of the diode element 336 are embedded and formed.
- the noble metal electrode layer 330, the resistance change layer 331, and the intermediate electrode 332 constitute the storage portion 333, and the intermediate electrode 332, the semiconductor layer 334, and the upper electrode 335 constitute the diode element 336.
- a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device can be manufactured.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device described above realizes a fine structure by forming the resistance change element 333 in the memory cell hole 326 formed on the lower layer Cu wiring 318 having a stripe shape.
- the noble metal electrode layer 330 used as the lower electrode of the resistance change element 333 is formed only on the bottom of the memory cell hole by electroless selective growth plating.
- the electroless plating method unlike the electroplating method, does not apply an electric field to the object on which the plating film is to be formed, and the plating material dissolved in the plating solution is precipitated by a chemical reduction reaction. A film is formed on top.
- the plating object (location) as described above is divided into a small area like the miniaturized memory cell hole bottom, and the aspect ratio (memory cell hole height / maximum dimension at the memory cell hole bottom).
- the time from the immersion in the plating solution to the start of the deposition of the plating material at the bottom of each memory cell hole varies.
- the film is formed almost in proportion to the time. This variation in the deposition start time results in a small area to be plated and an aspect ratio. Therefore, even if the plating treatment is performed in the plating solution for the same time, the film thickness varies for each memory cell hole.
- the plating object (location) is divided into small areas, the plating object (location) is electrically connected (for example, when the bottom of the memory cell hole on the same wiring is the plating object). If the deposition of the plating material is started at one place, the potential change is transmitted to other places, so that the deposition is started simultaneously at other places. Therefore, in the case of the above-described configuration, the plating film thickness does not vary at the bottom of the memory cell hole on the same wiring, but the plating film thickness at the bottom of the memory cell hole varies from wiring to wiring. It leads to. Such a bit failure accompanying the variation in the thickness of the plating film becomes more prominent as the memory cell hole becomes finer.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned bit failure due to the variation in the thickness of the plating film, and forms a plating film at the bottom of the memory cell hole of the cross-point type memory array. And a structure capable of suppressing an increase in variation even when a memory cell hole is miniaturized. A specific example will be described below.
- a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a substrate, a plurality of first wirings formed in a stripe shape on the substrate, an interlayer insulating layer formed so as to cover the plurality of first wirings, and interlayer insulation
- a plurality of second wires formed in a stripe shape in a direction intersecting with the plurality of first wires above the plurality of first wires, and a plurality of first wires and a plurality of second wires.
- a plurality of memory cell holes formed so as to open interlayer insulating layers between the plurality of first wirings and the plurality of second wirings and to expose the upper surfaces of the plurality of first wirings at respective intersections in plan view;
- a plurality of dummy holes formed in the interlayer insulating layer so as to reach the upper surfaces of the plurality of first wirings, and in each of the memory cell holes and the dummy holes.
- the first electrode and that of the first electrode Including a stacked structure with a resistance change layer formed thereon, and the area of the first wiring exposed in the lower opening of one dummy hole is the lower opening of one memory cell hole
- One or more dummy holes are formed in each first wiring.
- the stripe shape means a state in which a plurality of wirings are formed in parallel to each other and extend in a certain direction on a certain plane.
- “Exposing the upper surface of the first wiring” means a state in which the memory cell hole reaches the upper surface of the first wiring and the first wiring is exposed in the lower opening of the memory cell hole.
- the exposure does not mean that the inside of the memory cell hole is a void, and the inside of the memory cell hole may be filled. That is, the first wiring may be in contact with a material other than the interlayer insulating layer inside the memory cell hole.
- the first electrode formed in the dummy hole is not necessarily required to function as the electrode of the resistance change element.
- the second wiring may not be formed above the dummy hole.
- the shape of the dummy hole in plan view is a rectangle
- the shape of the memory cell hole in plan view is a circle
- the short side of the rectangle has a length equal to or greater than the diameter of the circle.
- the long side of the rectangle may be longer than the diameter of the circle.
- the side surface of the first wiring may be exposed at the lower opening of the dummy hole.
- the first electrode may be composed of at least one of platinum, palladium, and a mixture including at least one of them.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a seed layer between the first wiring and the first electrode, the seed layer including at least one of nickel, a nickel-phosphorus alloy, and a nickel-boron alloy, and the first electrode May contain at least one of platinum and palladium.
- the seed layer includes at least one of a laminated structure of palladium and nickel, a laminated structure of palladium and nickel-phosphorus alloy, and a laminated structure of palladium and nickel-boron alloy, and the first electrode May contain at least one of platinum and palladium.
- variable resistance layer may include an oxygen-deficient transition metal oxide that is an oxide having a lower oxygen content than an oxide having a stoichiometric composition. Good.
- the method for manufacturing the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a step (A) of forming a plurality of stripe-shaped first wirings on a substrate, and an interlayer insulating layer on the substrate including the plurality of first wirings. And forming a plurality of memory cell holes reaching the surfaces of the plurality of first wirings and at least one dummy hole having a lower opening area than the memory cell holes in the interlayer insulating layer Step (C), and depositing a material for the first electrode on the plurality of first wirings exposed in the lower openings of the memory cell holes and the dummy holes by using an electroless selective growth plating method.
- the shape of the dummy hole in plan view is a rectangle
- the shape of the memory cell hole in plan view is a circle
- the short side of the rectangle has a circular diameter.
- the longer side of the rectangle may be longer than the diameter of the circle.
- the material of the first electrode may be deposited on the seed layer.
- the method for manufacturing a non-volatile semiconductor memory device includes a step (H) of forming a diode element on the variable resistance layer after the step (E) and before the step (F).
- a plurality of second wirings may be formed on the diode element.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device is formed so as to cover a plurality of stripe-shaped first wirings 10 formed on a substrate (not shown) and the first wirings.
- An interlayer insulating layer 80 and a plurality of second wirings 20 formed in a stripe shape in a direction intersecting with the first wiring 10 and formed in the interlayer insulating layer 80 are provided.
- a memory cell hole is formed in the interlayer insulating layer 80 between the first wiring 10 and the second wiring 20 at the intersection of the first wiring 10 and the second wiring 20 in plan view.
- a plurality of resistance change elements each having a stacked structure of a first electrode and a resistance change layer formed thereon and having the lower surface of the first electrode connected to the upper surface of the first wiring 100 is formed.
- a plurality of dummy holes 111 formed in the interlayer insulating layer 80 are formed on the first wiring 10 so as to reach the upper surface of the first wiring 10.
- One or more variable resistance elements 100 and one or more dummy holes 111 are formed on each first wiring 10.
- the first wiring 10 is illustrated and described as a single linear shape, but it is not necessarily a straight line in order to obtain the effects of the present invention. Further, even if the wiring is spatially divided into a plurality of wirings, at least one memory cell hole or dummy hole is formed on each wiring, and the electrode to the bottom of the memory cell hole or dummy hole is formed. If the formation is performed in the same electroless selective growth plating step and the wires are electrically connected so that they have the same potential at the time of the electroless selective growth plating step, the wires are connected. In total, it can be regarded as one first wiring.
- the wiring in which the dummy hole is formed and the wiring in which the variable resistance element is formed are separated in plan view, the wiring is further connected to, for example, a metal via connected to the lower surface of the wiring and In the case of being electrically connected via a wiring formed thereunder, in the present invention, the wiring in which the dummy hole is formed and the wiring in which the resistance change element is formed are one.
- the first wiring is considered.
- the area of overlap of the dummy hole 111 with the first wiring 10 in plan view is larger than the area of overlap of the resistance change element 100 with the first wiring 10 in plan view.
- plating is started from the bottom surface of the dummy hole 111. Subsequently, the plating is started almost simultaneously at the bottoms of the plurality of electrically connected memory cell holes, whereby the effect of the present invention can be obtained.
- the area of the bottom surface of the dummy hole 111 is preferably such that plating is started simultaneously at the bottom of all the dummy holes 111.
- the plan view shape of the dummy hole 111 is not limited to a circle but may be an ellipse, a rectangle, a polygon, or the like. From the viewpoint of preventing an increase in the layout area in the planar layout, the dummy hole 111 has a plan view shape in which the short side dimension b is the same as the diameter a in the plan view shape of the resistance change element 100 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a shape that is larger and equal to or smaller than the wiring width c of the first wiring 10 under the dummy hole (c ⁇ b ⁇ a) and smaller than the dimension d on the long side (d> b) is preferable. In addition, as shown in FIG.
- the layout may be such that a part of the dummy hole 111 protrudes from the first wiring 10 under the plan view (b> c> a).
- overetching is performed in the step of forming the dummy hole by etching so that the side surface of the first wiring 10 is exposed at a portion protruding from the top of the first wiring 10, whereby the first wiring at the bottom of the dummy hole is formed. Since the surface area of 10 can be made larger, the effect of uniforming the plating film thickness by the dummy holes can be obtained more.
- This shape and layout are the same in the second embodiment to be described later.
- the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the dummy hole 111 is larger than the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the memory cell hole 101.
- the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the dummy hole 111 is at least twice the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the memory cell hole 101. More preferably, the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the dummy hole 111 is five times or more than the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the memory cell hole 101. More preferably, the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the dummy hole 111 is 10 times or more the area of the first wiring 10 exposed in the lower opening of the memory cell hole 101.
- a cross-point type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device is configured by forming a plurality of variable resistance elements 100 formed at the intersections of the first wiring 10 and the second wiring 20.
- a transistor circuit or the like is formed in advance on the substrate of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of this embodiment, and the transistor circuit and the first wiring 10 and the second wiring 20 are electrically connected. Connected to. The same applies to the description of the second embodiment described later.
- FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the region 200 of FIG. 1 and shows the configuration in more detail.
- 2B is a cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional configuration taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 2A when viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the resistance change element 100 includes a first electrode 30 and a resistance change layer 40 that are sequentially formed from the upper surface of the first wiring 10 of the substrate 1 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate.
- the second wiring 20 is formed in a stripe shape intersecting the first wiring 10 in the interlayer insulating layer 90.
- the resistance change element 100 is comprised by the laminated structure with the 1st electrode 30 and the resistance change layer 40 formed on it.
- an oxygen-deficient transition metal oxide such as oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide (TaO x ) is preferable from the viewpoint of stability of resistance change characteristics and reproducibility of production, but other resistance changes.
- any material may be used as long as it uses a noble metal such as platinum or palladium for at least one of the electrodes when the variable resistance element is formed.
- the 2nd wiring 20 is extended out of the area
- the area of the first wiring 10 exposed by the dummy hole 111 is larger than the contact area between the bottom surface of the variable resistance element 100 and the top surface of the first wiring 10.
- the deposition of the electrode material starts preferentially in the dummy holes 111, and then all the dummy holes are formed. At 111, electrode material deposition occurs almost simultaneously. As a result, the first electrode 30 is formed almost simultaneously with the resistance change element 100, so that variations in the film thickness of the first electrode 30 can be suppressed.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views illustrating a process until FIG. 2B is formed.
- the first wiring 10 is formed on the substrate 1 as shown in FIG. 3A.
- a copper (Cu) wiring formed by a damascene method is used as the first wiring 10
- an aluminum (Al) wiring formed by a general method may be used.
- the wiring width of the first wiring can be 250 nm and the wiring interval can be 250 nm.
- an interlayer insulating layer 80 made of TEOS-SiO is deposited to a thickness of 200 nm using, for example, a CVD method.
- a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) film formed by a CVD method a TEOS-SiO 2 film formed by a CVD method using ozone (O 3 ) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), or a silicon having a low dielectric constant.
- a carbonation (SiOC) film, a silicon fluorine oxide (SiOF) film, or the like may be used.
- a film having etching resistance against dry etching using a fluorine-based etching gas is formed on the lower layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 80.
- a silicon nitride (SiN) film, a silicon oxynitride (SiON) film, a silicon carbonitride (SiCN) film, or the like formed by the method is used, and an insulating oxide material of a film type other than the above SiN or SiON is used for the upper layer.
- a plurality of interlayer insulating layers may be formed.
- a memory cell hole 101 and a dummy hole 111 reaching the upper surface of the first wiring 10 are formed in the interlayer insulating layer 80.
- the diameter of the memory cell hole 101 may be 200 nm, for example.
- the surface area of the first wiring 10 exposed at the bottom surface of the dummy hole 111 is larger than the surface area of the first wiring 10 exposed at the bottom surface of the memory cell hole 101.
- the planar shape of the dummy hole 111 may be, for example, a pseudo rectangle with rounded corners having a short side length of 200 nm and a long side length of 400 nm.
- the long side direction is preferably the long side direction of the first wiring 10.
- the first electrode 30 is formed by a plating method in which an electrode material is selectively formed only on the bottom surfaces of the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- the electroless selective growth plating method of platinum (Pt) which is an electrode material having good resistance change characteristics of TaO x , is used for forming the first electrode 30.
- Pt platinum
- As the electroless Pt plating bath a hydrazine-ammonia Pt plating bath, a Pt plating bath containing a boron compound or hypophosphorous acid as a reducing agent, and the like can be used.
- the film thickness of the Pt electrode film is 5 nm, it may be 5 nm or more and 24 nm or less. In this case, by reducing the thickness of the Pt electrode layer, generation of Pt hillocks due to heat treatment can be suppressed, and the interface with the resistance change layer can be flattened. Further, after forming a seed layer containing either nickel, nickel-phosphorus alloy or nickel-boron alloy on the lower layer Cu wiring exposed at the bottom surfaces of the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111, the above electroless Pt plating is performed. By performing, selective growth of Pt can be performed on Cu more efficiently.
- the seed layer may have a laminated structure of any combination of palladium and nickel, palladium and nickel-phosphorus alloy, or palladium and nickel-boron alloy.
- the resistance change material layer 41 includes, for example, an oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide (TaO) that is an oxide having a low oxygen content as an atomic ratio compared to an oxide having a stoichiometric composition.
- TaO oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide
- x can be formed by sputtering.
- As a preferable range of TaO x 0.8 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.9 is preferable.
- hafnium oxide or zirconium oxide may be used instead of tantalum oxide.
- hafnium oxide is expressed as HfO x , 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6, and when zirconium oxide is expressed as ZrO x , it is preferable that 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.4.
- the value of x in the chemical formulas of TaO x , HfO x , and ZrO x can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the oxygen gas flow rate to the argon gas flow rate during sputtering.
- a substrate is placed in the sputtering apparatus, and the inside of the sputtering apparatus is vacuumed to about 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa. Pull.
- sputtering is performed with a power of 250 W, a total gas pressure of argon gas and oxygen gas of 3.3 Pa, and a set temperature of the substrate of 30 ° C.
- the oxygen partial pressure ratio is changed from 1% to 7%, the oxygen content in the tantalum oxide layer changes from about 40% (TaO 0.66 ) to about 70% (TaO 2.3 ).
- the composition of the tantalum oxide layer can be measured using Rutherford backscattering method.
- the oxide having a stoichiometric composition refers to Ta 2 O 5 which is an insulator, and the metal oxide has conductivity so that it is oxygen-deficient. Become.
- a film forming method not only sputtering but also CVD method, ALD method, or the like may be used. Further, after forming the metal Ta film, the Ta film may be oxidized to form TaO x .
- the film thickness of the resistance change material layer 41 is sufficient as long as the memory cell hole 101 can be embedded, and can be set to, for example, 400 nm in this embodiment in consideration of the ease of the process in the subsequent surface portion removal step.
- the resistance change material layer 41 includes not only oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide but also oxygen-deficient iron oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, zirconium. Oxides and hafnium oxides may be used.
- the resistance change material layer 41 on the interlayer insulating layer 80 is removed using a CMP process, and the resistance change layer 40 is filled in the memory cell holes 101 and the dummy holes 111.
- an etch back process may be used instead of CMP.
- an interlayer insulating layer 90 made of TEOS-SiO is further deposited to a thickness of 400 nm on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the resistance change element 100 by using, for example, a CVD method. Is extended upward.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed in the interlayer insulating layer 90.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed in a stripe shape intersecting with the first wiring 10.
- the groove width of the second wiring groove 21 can be 250 nm and the wiring interval can be 250 nm.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed only on the variable resistance element 100 and not on the dummy hole 111.
- the second wiring groove 21 is not formed above the dummy hole 111, and therefore the second wiring 20 is not disposed above the dummy hole 111. This is to prevent the variable resistance layer formed in the dummy hole 111 from becoming a stray capacitance. However, when there is no problem with the stray capacitance, the second wiring trench is also formed above the dummy hole 111. 21 may be formed.
- the second wiring 20 is formed.
- a Cu wiring formed by a general damascene method is used in the embodiment, but an aluminum (Al) wiring formed by a general method may be used.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment can be manufactured.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment is the nonvolatile memory device according to the first embodiment, and further includes a diode element connected in series with the multilayer structure between the multilayer structure and the second wiring.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- This embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment, and the electrodes and the resistance change layer constituting the resistance change element are the same as those of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the first embodiment. Can be used.
- the difference from the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment is that the present embodiment includes a diode element 120 connected in series with the resistance change element 102, and a second electrode 50 is formed in the memory cell hole 101. It is a feature.
- an MSM diode configured by stacking three layers of the semiconductor layer 60 and the second electrode 50 and the third electrode 70 sandwiching the semiconductor layer 60, or an insulating layer instead of the semiconductor layer 60 is used.
- Nonlinear switching such as a conventional MIM diode, a pn junction diode composed of two layers of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor, or a Schottky diode composed of a two-layer structure of a semiconductor layer and a metal electrode layer
- An element having characteristics may be used in accordance with the resistance change characteristics of the memory portion.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional configuration taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 5A in the direction of the arrow.
- the resistance change element 102 includes the first electrode 30, the resistance change layer 40, and the second electrode 50 that are sequentially formed from the upper surface of the first wiring 10 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate. It consists of Further, the semiconductor layer 60, the third electrode 70, and the second wiring 25 are formed in this order on the variable resistance element 102.
- the laminated structure of the second electrode 50, the semiconductor layer 60, and the third electrode 70 forms a metal-semiconductor-metal structure (MSM) diode element 120.
- MSM metal-semiconductor-metal structure
- the same operation as that of the first embodiment described above can be realized, and the same effect can be obtained. That is, it solves the bit defect accompanying the film thickness variation of the lower electrode of the resistance change element, reduces the film thickness variation of the plating film formed at the bottom of the memory cell hole of the cross-point type memory array, and Even when miniaturization is performed, an increase in the variation can be suppressed. Furthermore, by disposing a diode element above each variable resistance element and below the second wiring, it is possible to reduce the leakage current from miniaturization and non-selective elements, and a non-volatile with a diode element with a cross-point type A semiconductor memory device can be realized.
- FIGS. 6A to 6C FIGS. 7A to 7C, and FIGS. 8A to 8C.
- FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a process until FIG. 5B is formed.
- the first wiring 10 is formed on the substrate 1.
- Cu wiring formed by the damascene method is used, but aluminum (Al ) Wiring may be used.
- Al aluminum
- the wiring width of the first wiring can be 250 nm and the wiring interval can be 250 nm.
- an interlayer insulating layer 80 made of TEOS-SiO is deposited to a thickness of 200 nm using, for example, a CVD method.
- a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) by CVD method a TEOS-SiO film formed by CVD method using ozone (O 3 ) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), or silicon carbonate which is a low dielectric constant material.
- a siliconized (SiOC) film or a silicon fluorine oxide (SiOF) film may be used.
- a film having etching resistance against dry etching using a fluorine-based etching gas on the lower layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 80 specifically, a CVD method
- a silicon nitride (SiN) film, a silicon oxynitride (SiON) film, a silicon carbonitride (SiCN) film or the like formed by the above method is used, and an insulating oxide material of a film type other than the above SiN or SiON is used for the upper layer.
- a plurality of interlayer insulating layers may be configured.
- a memory cell hole 101 and a dummy hole 111 reaching the upper surface of the first wiring 10 are formed in the interlayer insulating layer 80.
- the diameter of the memory cell hole 101 may be 200 nm, for example.
- the surface area of the first wiring 10 exposed at the bottom surface of the dummy hole 111 is larger than the surface area of the first wiring 10 exposed at the bottom surface of the memory cell hole 101.
- the planar shape of the dummy hole 111 may be, for example, a pseudo rectangle with rounded corners having a short side length of 200 nm and a long side length of 400 nm.
- the long side direction is preferably the long side direction of the first wiring 10.
- the first electrode 30 is formed by a plating method in which an electrode material is selectively formed only on the bottom surfaces of the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- electroless selective growth plating of platinum (Pt) which is an electrode material with good resistance change characteristics of TaO x , was used for forming the first electrode 30.
- Pt platinum
- As the electroless Pt plating bath a hydrazine-ammonia Pt plating bath, a Pt plating bath containing a boron compound or hypophosphorous acid as a reducing agent, and the like can be used.
- the film thickness of the Pt electrode film is 5 nm, it may be 5 nm or more and 24 nm or less.
- the thickness of the Pt electrode layer by reducing the thickness of the Pt electrode layer, generation of Pt hillocks due to heat treatment can be suppressed, and the interface with the resistance change layer can be flattened. Further, after forming a seed layer containing either nickel, nickel-phosphorus alloy or nickel-boron alloy on the lower layer Cu wiring exposed at the bottom surfaces of the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111, the above electroless Pt plating is performed. By performing, selective growth of Pt can be performed on Cu more efficiently.
- the seed layer may have a laminated structure of any combination of palladium and nickel, palladium and nickel-phosphorus alloy, or palladium and nickel-boron alloy.
- a resistance change material layer 41 to be the resistance change layer 40 is formed on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the memory cell holes 101 and the dummy holes 111.
- oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide TaO x
- TaO x oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide
- hafnium oxide or zirconium oxide may be used instead of tantalum oxide.
- hafnium oxide is expressed as HfO x , 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6, and when zirconium oxide is expressed as ZrO x , it is preferable that 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.4.
- the value of x in the chemical formulas of TaO x , HfO x , and ZrO x can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the oxygen gas flow rate to the argon gas flow rate during sputtering.
- the metal Ta, Hf, or Zr film may be oxidized to form TaO x , HfO x, or ZrO x .
- the film thickness of the resistance change material layer 41 is sufficient as long as the memory cell hole 101 can be embedded, and can be set to, for example, 400 nm in this embodiment in consideration of the ease of the process in the subsequent surface portion removal step.
- the resistance change material layer 41 on the interlayer insulating layer 80 is removed using a CMP process so that the resistance change material layer 41 remains only in the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- a CMP process may be used instead of CMP.
- the removal film thickness of the surface layer of the resistance change material layer 41 by over polishing can be approximately 30 nm.
- a second electrode material layer 51 to be the second electrode 50 of the resistance change element 102 is formed on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- a second electrode material layer 51 to be the second electrode 50 of the resistance change element 102 is formed on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- TaN, TiN, or W can be formed as the second electrode material layer 51 by sputtering to a thickness of 100 nm.
- the second electrode material layer 51 on the interlayer insulating layer 80 is removed by using a CMP process, and the second electrode 50 is embedded in the memory cell hole 101 and the dummy hole 111.
- an interlayer insulating layer 90 made of TEOS-SiO is further deposited to a thickness of 400 nm on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the second electrode 50 by using, for example, a CVD method.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed in the interlayer insulating layer 90.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed in a stripe shape that intersects the first wiring 10, so that the semiconductor layer 60, the third electrode 70, and the second wiring 25 intersect in the first wiring 10. Is formed.
- the groove width of the second wiring groove 21 can be 250 nm and the wiring interval can be 250 nm.
- the second wiring groove 21 is formed only on the variable resistance element 102 and not on the dummy hole 111. However, the second wiring groove 21 is also formed on the dummy hole 111. It doesn't matter.
- the semiconductor material layer 61, the third electrode material layer 71, and the second wiring material layer 22 are stacked on the interlayer insulating layer 90 including the second wiring groove 21. Then, as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor material layer 61, the third electrode material layer 71, and the second wiring material layer 22 formed on the second electrode 50 and the interlayer insulating layers 80 and 90 are removed by CMP.
- the semiconductor layer 60, the third electrode 70, and the second wiring 25 of the diode element 120 are embedded in the second wiring groove 21.
- SiN z nitrogen-deficient silicon nitride (SiN z , 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.85) is used as the semiconductor layer 60
- TaN, TiN, or W is used as the second electrode 50
- the semiconductor layer 60 and the second layer sandwiching the second semiconductor layer 60 are sandwiched between them.
- the electrode 50 and the third electrode 70 form an MSM diode.
- SiN z layer having such a semiconductor characteristic can be formed by reactive sputtering in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, for example using a Si target.
- the chamber pressure may be 0.1 Pa to 1 Pa and the Ar / N 2 flow rate may be 18 sccm / 2 sccm at room temperature.
- the SiN z having semiconductor properties when produced in a thickness of Z 0.3 is and 10nm is, 1 ⁇ 10 4 A / current density cm 2 was obtained at applied voltage of 1.6V, 0.8 V of With voltage application, a current density of 1 ⁇ 10 3 A / cm 2 was obtained. Therefore, when these voltages are used as a reference, the on / off ratio is 10, and it has been confirmed that the device can be sufficiently used as a diode element of a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- the same material as that of the first wiring 10 can be used for the second wiring 25.
- the film thicknesses of the semiconductor material layer 61, the third electrode material layer 71, and the second wiring layer may be 16 nm, 20 nm, and 400 nm, respectively.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment can be manufactured.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment is the same as the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to at least one of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
- the variable resistance layer includes a first variable resistance layer, a second variable resistance layer, and a second variable resistance layer.
- the first resistance change layer and the second resistance change layer are made of the same kind of metal oxide, and the oxygen content of the first resistance change layer is higher than the oxygen content of the second resistance change layer.
- a method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to a third embodiment is the same as the method for manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to at least one of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. And forming the second resistance change layer, wherein the first resistance change layer and the second resistance change layer are made of the same kind of metal oxide, and the oxygen content of the first resistance change layer is the second resistance change layer. Higher than the oxygen content.
- the same kind of metal oxide means that the metal elements constituting the metal oxide are the same.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- This embodiment has the same configuration as that of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment, except that the variable resistance layer includes a plurality of layers in the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment. be able to. Therefore, about the part which is common in 2nd Embodiment, the same code
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional configuration taken along the line X-X ′ of FIG. 9A as viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the variable resistance layer 40 includes a first variable resistance layer 42 and a second variable resistance layer 43.
- the first resistance change layer 42 has a cup shape that covers the upper surface of the first electrode 30 and the side surface of the memory cell hole.
- the second resistance change layer 43 is filled in the cup formed by the first resistance change layer.
- the first resistance change layer 42 and the second resistance change layer 43 are made of the same metal oxide, and the oxygen content of the first resistance change layer 42 is higher than the oxygen content of the second resistance change layer 43.
- the first resistance change layer 42 is a high resistance layer, and the second resistance change layer 43 is a low resistance layer.
- the first resistance change layer 42 connected to the first electrode 30 and having a high oxygen content is disposed at the bottom of the memory cell hole 101, and the second resistance change having a low oxygen content is formed thereon.
- the layer 43 it is possible to cause a resistance change reliably in the interface region between the first resistance change layer 42 and the first electrode 30.
- the polarity of the electric pulse to be applied in order to change the resistance of the resistance change layer 40 is uniquely determined, and stable operating characteristics as a memory device can be obtained.
- the resistance change operation is caused by an oxidation-reduction reaction in the vicinity of the electrode of the resistance change layer 40.
- Providing the first resistance change layer 42 containing a large amount of oxygen that can contribute to redox in the vicinity of the interface between the resistance change layer 40 and the first electrode 30 enables a stable resistance change operation.
- the first resistance change layer 42 is also formed on the side wall of the memory cell hole 101, but it may be formed at least in a portion in contact with the first electrode 30 (the bottom of the memory cell hole 101).
- the same operation as that of the second embodiment described above can be realized, and the same effect can be obtained. That is, it solves the bit defect accompanying the film thickness variation of the lower electrode of the resistance change element, reduces the film thickness variation of the plating film formed at the bottom of the memory cell hole of the cross-point type memory array, and Even when miniaturization is performed, an increase in the variation can be suppressed.
- a diode element on each variable resistance element and below the second wiring, miniaturization and leakage current from non-selective elements can be suppressed.
- a semiconductor memory device can be realized.
- the resistance change layer is composed of the first resistance change layer and the second resistance change layer.
- the first resistance change layer and the second resistance change layer are formed.
- the thickness of the resistance change layer is also made uniform. Therefore, when a resistance change element composed of two resistance change layers is formed in a memory cell hole, variations in the electrical characteristics of the element such as initial resistance, voltage and current at which the resistance change occurs, and the change width of the resistance value, etc. It is suppressed. In addition, the reliability (retention and endurance) of the element is improved.
- FIGS. 10A to 10C FIGS. 11A to 11C, and FIGS. 12A to 12C.
- FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 are cross-sectional views illustrating a process until FIG. 9B is formed.
- 10A and 10B are the same as the steps of FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B in the second embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- a first variable resistance material layer 44 to be the first variable resistance layer 42 is formed on the interlayer insulating layer 80 including the memory cell holes 101 and the dummy holes 111.
- a second variable resistance material layer 45 to be the second variable resistance layer 43 is formed on the first variable resistance material layer 44.
- oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide can be formed as the first variable resistance material layer 44 by a sputtering method.
- the preferred range of TaO y is preferably 2.1 ⁇ y.
- hafnium oxide or zirconium oxide may be used instead of tantalum oxide.
- hafnium oxide is expressed as HfO y
- zirconium oxide is expressed as ZrO y
- the value of y in the chemical formulas of TaO y , HfO y , and ZrO y can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the oxygen gas flow rate to the argon gas flow rate during sputtering.
- oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide can be formed as the second variable resistance material layer 45 by sputtering.
- TaO x oxygen-deficient tantalum oxide
- hafnium oxide or zirconium oxide may be used instead of tantalum oxide.
- the thickness of the first variable resistance material layer 44 is preferably smaller than the thickness of the second variable resistance material layer 45.
- the thickness of the first variable resistance material layer 44 is 1 nm or more and 8 nm or less, and the thickness of the second variable resistance material layer 45 is 10 nm.
- the thickness is preferably 100 nm or less.
- the thickness of the first variable resistance material layer 44 is 4 nm or more and 5 nm or less, and the thickness of the second variable resistance material layer 45 is 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less. It is preferable to do this.
- the thickness of the first variable resistance material layer 44 is 1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, and the thickness of the second variable resistance material layer 45 is 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less. It is preferable to do this.
- the metal Ta, Hf, or Zr film may be oxidized to form TaO x , HfO x, or ZrO x .
- the metal Ta, Hf, or Zr film may be oxidized to form TaO y , HfO y, or ZrO y .
- the sum of the thickness of the first variable resistance material layer 44 and the thickness of the second variable resistance material layer 45 only needs to be sufficient to embed the memory cell hole 101, and also facilitates the process in the subsequent surface portion removal step. Considering this, in this embodiment, it may be 400 nm, for example.
- the first resistance change material layer 44 and the second resistance change material layer 45 on the interlayer insulating layer 80 are removed by using a CMP process, and the memory cell holes 101 and the dummy holes 111 are removed. Only the first variable resistance material layer 44 and the second variable resistance material layer 45 are left.
- an etch back process may be used instead of CMP.
- the removal thickness of the surface layer of the first resistance change layer 42 and the second resistance change layer 43 by over polishing can be approximately 30 nm.
- the resistance change element 103 is formed on the first resistance change layer 42 and the second resistance change layer 43 exposed inside the interlayer insulating layer 80, the memory cell hole 101, and the dummy hole 111.
- a second electrode material layer 51 to be the second electrode 50 is formed.
- TaN, TiN, or W can be formed as the second electrode material layer 51 by sputtering to a thickness of 100 nm.
- FIGS. 12A to 12C are the same as the processes in FIGS. 8A to 8C in the second embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment can be manufactured.
- the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the present invention has a cross-point structure that can be miniaturized and increased in capacity, and can solve the manufacturing variation problem with respect to miniaturization, which is difficult with the conventional manufacturing method. Furthermore, it is capable of high-speed operation and has stable writing and reading characteristics, and is useful as a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device used in various electronic devices such as digital home appliances, memory cards, mobile phones, and personal computers. It is.
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Abstract
Description
第1実施形態の不揮発性半導体記憶装置は、基板と、基板上にストライプ形状に形成された複数の第1配線と、複数の第1配線を覆うように形成された層間絶縁層と、層間絶縁層上に形成され、かつ複数の第1配線の上方に複数の第1配線と交差する方向にストライプ形状に形成された複数の第2配線と、複数の第1配線と複数の第2配線の平面視における各々の交点において、複数の第1配線と複数の第2配線の間の層間絶縁層を開口し、複数の第1配線の上面を露出するように形成された複数のメモリセルホールと、複数の第1配線上に形成され、かつ複数の第1配線の上面まで達するように層間絶縁層内に形成された複数のダミーホールと、メモリセルホール内及びダミーホール内のそれぞれに形成された第1電極と、第1電極のそれぞれの上に形成された抵抗変化層との積層構造と、を含み、1個のダミーホールの下側開口部に露出する第1配線の面積が、1個のメモリセルホールの下側開口部に露出する第1配線の面積より大きく、それぞれの第1配線には、1個以上のダミーホールが形成されている。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置の構成の一例を示す平面図である。
次に、図3A~図3C及び図4A~図4Cを用いて、本実施形態1の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法を説明する。図3及び図4の各図は、図2Bが形成されるまでの工程を説明する断面図である。
第2実施形態の不揮発性半導体記憶装置は、第1実施形態の不揮発性記憶装置であって、積層構造と第2配線の間に積層構造と直列に接続されたダイオード素子をさらに備える。
図5Aは、本発明の第2実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置の構成の一例を示す平面図である。
次に、図6A~図6C、図7A~図7C、及び図8A~図8Cを用いて、本実施形態1の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法を説明する。図6、図7、及び図8の各図は、図5Bが形成されるまでの工程を説明する断面図である。
第3実施形態の不揮発性半導体記憶装置は、第1実施形態および第2実施形態の少なくとも一方の不揮発性半導体記憶装置において、抵抗変化層が、第1抵抗変化層と、第2抵抗変化層とを備え、第1抵抗変化層と第2抵抗変化層とは同種の金属酸化物からなり、第1抵抗変化層の酸素含有率は第2抵抗変化層の酸素含有率よりも高い。
図9Aは、本発明の第3実施形態に係る不揮発性半導体記憶装置の構成の一例を示す平面図である。
次に、図10A~図10C、図11A~図11C、及び図12A~図12Cを用いて、本実施形態1の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法を説明する。図10、図11、及び図12の各図は、図9Bが形成されるまでの工程を説明する断面図である。
10 第1配線
20 第2配線
21 第2配線溝
22 第2配線材料層
25 第2配線
30 第1電極
40 抵抗変化層
41 抵抗変化材料層
42 第1抵抗変化層
43 第2抵抗変化層
44 第1抵抗変化材料層
45 第2抵抗変化材料層
50 第2電極
51 第2電極材料層
60 半導体層
61 半導体材料層
70 第3電極
71 第3電極材料層
80 層間絶縁層
90 層間絶縁層
100 抵抗変化素子
101 メモリセルホール
102 抵抗変化素子
103 抵抗変化素子
111 ダミーホール
120 ダイオード素子
200 領域
210 導電線
215 導電線
220 電極
225 CMOメモリ層
230 電極
235 金属層
240 絶縁層
245 金属層
316 第1の層間絶縁層
318 下層Cu配線
319 第2の層間絶縁層
320 配線溝
326 メモリセルホール
330 貴金属電極層
331 抵抗変化層
331a 抵抗変化材料層
332 中間電極
332a 中間電極材料層
333 抵抗変化素子(記憶部)
334 半導体層
334a 半導体材料層
335 上部電極
335a 上部電極材料層
336 ダイオード素子(第1ダイオード素子)
337 第3の層間絶縁層
338 上層Cu配線(第1上層Cu配線)
338a 上層Cu配線材料層
339 上層Cu配線溝
Claims (15)
- 基板と、
前記基板上にストライプ形状に形成された複数の第1配線と、
前記複数の第1配線を覆うように形成された層間絶縁層と、
前記層間絶縁層上に形成され、かつ前記複数の第1配線の上方に前記複数の第1配線と交差する方向にストライプ形状に形成された複数の第2配線と、
前記複数の第1配線と前記複数の第2配線の平面視における各々の交点において、前記複数の第1配線と前記複数の第2配線の間の前記層間絶縁層を開口し、前記複数の第1配線の上面を露出するように形成された複数のメモリセルホールと、
前記複数の第1配線上に形成され、かつ前記複数の第1配線の上面まで達するように前記層間絶縁層内に形成された複数のダミーホールと、
前記メモリセルホール内及び前記ダミーホール内のそれぞれに形成された第1電極と、前記第1電極のそれぞれの上に形成された抵抗変化層との積層構造と、を含み、
1個の前記ダミーホールの下側開口部に露出する前記第1配線の面積が、1個の前記メモリセルホールの下側開口部に露出する前記第1配線の面積より大きく、
前記それぞれの第1配線には、1個以上の前記ダミーホールが形成されている、不揮発性半導体記憶装置。 - 前記第2配線は、前記ダミーホールの上方には形成されていない、請求項1に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 平面視における前記ダミーホールの形状が長方形であり、平面視における前記メモリセルホールの形状が円形であり、前記長方形の短辺が、前記円形の直径と同一以上の長さであり、前記長方形の長辺が、前記円形の直径より長い、請求項1または2に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記ダミーホールの下側開口部で前記第1配線の側面が露出されている、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記積層構造と前記第2配線の間に前記積層構造と直列に接続されたダイオード素子をさらに備える、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記第1電極が、白金、パラジウム、及びそれらの少なくとも一方を含む混合物のいずれか少なくとも一つで構成される、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記第1配線と前記第1電極との間にシード層を有し、前記シード層がニッケル、ニッケル-リン合金およびニッケル-ホウ素合金の少なくとも一つを含み、かつ前記第1電極が白金およびパラジウムの少なくとも一方を含む、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記シード層がパラジウムとニッケルの積層構成、パラジウムとニッケル-リン合金の積層構成およびパラジウムとニッケル-ホウ素合金の積層構成のいずれか少なくとも一つを含み、かつ前記第1電極が白金およびパラジウムの少なくとも一方を含む、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記抵抗変化層が、化学量論的組成を有する酸化物と比較して酸素の含有量が少ない酸化物である酸素不足型の遷移金属酸化物を含む、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。
- 前記抵抗変化層が、第1抵抗変化層と、第2抵抗変化層とを備え、
前記第1抵抗変化層と前記第2抵抗変化層とは同種の金属酸化物からなり、前記第1抵抗変化層の酸素含有率は前記第2抵抗変化層の酸素含有率よりも高い、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置。 - 基板上にストライプ形状の複数の第1配線を形成する工程(A)と、
前記複数の第1配線を含む前記基板上に層間絶縁層を形成する工程(B)と、
前記層間絶縁層内に、前記複数の第1配線の表面に達する複数のメモリセルホールおよび前記メモリセルホールよりも下側開口部の面積が大きい少なくとも1つのダミーホールを形成する工程(C)と、
前記メモリセルホールおよび前記ダミーホールの下側開口部に露出した前記複数の第1配線の上に無電解選択成長めっき法を用いて第1電極の材料を堆積させて前記メモリホールの内部に第1電極を形成する工程(D)と、
前記複数のメモリセルホール内において前記第1電極の上に抵抗変化層を埋め込み形成する工程(E)と、
前記層間絶縁層上および前記埋め込み形成された前記抵抗変化層の上に、前記複数の第1配線と交差する方向にストライプ形状の複数の第2配線を形成する工程(F)と、
を含む、不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(C)において、平面視における前記ダミーホールの形状が長方形であり、平面視における前記メモリセルホールの形状が円形であり、前記長方形の短辺が、前記円形の直径と同一以上の長さであり、前記長方形の長辺が、前記円形の直径より長い、請求項11に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法。
- 工程(C)の後、かつ、工程(D)の前に、前記第1配線の上に、無電解選択成長めっきによってシード層を形成する工程(G)を含み、前記工程(D)において前記第1電極の材料が前記シード層の上に堆積される、請求項11または12に記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法。
- 工程(E)の後、かつ、工程(F)の前に、前記抵抗変化層の上にダイオード素子を形成する工程(H)を含み、前記工程(F)において前記複数の第2配線が前記ダイオード素子の上に形成される、請求項11から13のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(E)は、第1抵抗変化層と、第2抵抗変化層とを形成する工程を含み、前記第1抵抗変化層と前記第2抵抗変化層とは同種の金属酸化物からなり、前記第1抵抗変化層の酸素含有率は前記第2抵抗変化層の酸素含有率よりも高い、請求項11から14のいずれかに記載の不揮発性半導体記憶装置の製造方法。
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| US10184839B1 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-01-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa | Nanostructured vanadium oxide uncooled bolometers and method of fabrication |
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- 2011-07-07 CN CN201180003594.6A patent/CN102484114B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120181500A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| CN102484114A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
| US8551853B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
| JP4969707B2 (ja) | 2012-07-04 |
| JPWO2012005003A1 (ja) | 2013-09-02 |
| CN102484114B (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
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