WO2012002205A1 - 釉薬用抗菌性組成物を用いた陶磁器の抗菌加工方法 - Google Patents
釉薬用抗菌性組成物を用いた陶磁器の抗菌加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012002205A1 WO2012002205A1 PCT/JP2011/064224 JP2011064224W WO2012002205A1 WO 2012002205 A1 WO2012002205 A1 WO 2012002205A1 JP 2011064224 W JP2011064224 W JP 2011064224W WO 2012002205 A1 WO2012002205 A1 WO 2012002205A1
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- silver
- antibacterial
- glaze
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- zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2092—Resistance against biological degradation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antibacterial processing method in which an antibacterial composition for glazes containing a silver-based substance powder and a specific zirconium phosphate powder is applied to the surface of a ceramic and then fired, and the antibacterial obtained by processing Ceramics, antibacterial sanitary ware, antibacterial tiles
- the zirconium phosphate salt having this specific crystal structure is excellent in heat resistance, an antibacterial effect may be obtained even if it is mixed with glaze at a firing temperature of about 1000 ° C. and subjected to firing. However, when it is fired for a long time at a high temperature exceeding 1000 ° C. like sanitary ware and tiles, it is not uncommon for the antibacterial effect to cease. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a zirconium phosphate salt carrying a large amount of silver. However, if the amount of application is large, the appearance of the glass layer on the surface of the tile tends to deteriorate, which is economically disadvantageous. There is. Therefore, a silver compound such as metallic silver powder or silver oxide is applied to the surface glaze layer without using an ion exchanger such as zirconium phosphate carrying silver, and is subjected to baking (Patent Document 2). 3).
- silver compounds are believed to dissolve in the surface glaze layer melted when baked with the glaze, and the glaze layer is changed to silver-containing glass, so that the silver is fixed to the surface layer such as tiles and exhibits an antibacterial effect.
- silver is a component that is difficult to vitrify, only a small amount remains in the surface glaze layer, and most of the silver that does not vitrify remains as silver powder with a low antibacterial effect, or disappears due to volatilization or settles into the glaze layer. Even if a large amount of an expensive silver compound is used, the antibacterial effect may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- Patent Document 4 a proposal to use a silver compound and a phosphoric acid-containing substance or a boric acid-containing substance in combination.
- a phosphoric acid-containing substance or a boric acid-containing substance is used in combination, silver ions bonded to them are phase-separated in the glaze, and concentrated silver ions can exist.
- this effect is not remarkable, and an initial effect can be obtained, but it is insufficient in terms of durability such as durability of antibacterial effect.
- a glaze obtained by combining silver-supported calcium carbonate particles, in which 15 to 50% by weight of silver is supported on calcium carbonate particles having a particle diameter of 1 to 50 ⁇ m, with calcium phosphate, zirconium phosphate or calcium silicate is used as a glaze.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain ceramics processed with antibacterial material, and furthermore, since it is baked at a high temperature, the antibacterial performance hardly appears in the conventional antibacterial processing method, and it is necessary to use a large amount of expensive silver-based material. It is an object to provide a method and an antibacterial ceramic that can be antibacterial processed with low cost and can have antibacterial properties with excellent durability.
- the present inventors have expressed the following formula [1] with respect to 100 parts by mass of at least one silver-based substance powder selected from metallic silver, silver oxide, and silver salt.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that the problem can be solved by an antibacterial processing method in which an antibacterial composition for glaze containing 20 to 200 parts by mass of the specific zirconium phosphate indicated is applied to the surface of a ceramic and then baked. I let you.
- the antibacterial composition for glazes used in the present invention can exhibit a high antibacterial effect with a smaller amount of silver and is excellent in antibacterial effect durability against ceramics baked at a high temperature.
- powdered silver or silver oxide alone did not vibrate on the surface of the glaze during firing, it was difficult to contribute to the expression of antibacterial effects by volatilizing or precipitating in the glaze layer, but it did not react with the glaze layer.
- a specific zirconium phosphate that excels in selective capture of silver with a silver compound, it is possible to suppress the volatilization and melting of silver and to efficiently antibacterize ceramics at a lower concentration. This is probably because of this.
- the present invention provides 20 to 200 parts by mass of a specific zirconium phosphate represented by the following formula [1] with respect to 100 parts by mass of at least one silver-based substance powder selected from metallic silver, silver oxide and silver salt.
- the antibacterial processing method of baking after applying to the surface of ceramics, such as sanitary ware and tiles, using the antibacterial composition for glazes.
- M a Zr b Hf c (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ nH 2 O [1]
- M is at least one ion selected from silver ion, alkali metal ion, alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, hydrogen ion and oxonium ion, and a, b and c are 1.
- M may contain a plurality of ions alone or in a molecule, and a plurality of zirconium phosphates composed of different M may be used in combination.
- Preferable M includes an alkali metal and at least one ion selected from a hydrogen ion, an ammonium ion and an oxonium ion.
- the zirconium phosphate of the formula [1] used in the present invention is referred to as a specific zirconium phosphate.
- Zirconium phosphate containing silver ion as M corresponds to a silver-based material in a broad sense, but as an action, as with zirconium phosphate not containing silver ion, enhances antibacterial performance when silver-based material is applied to ceramic and fired. Since it is effective, it is included in zirconium phosphate in the present invention. However, since the above effect is superior in zirconium phosphate not containing silver ions, among the specific zirconium phosphates used in the present invention, those containing silver ions in M are preferably within the entire zirconium phosphate.
- the mass of silver is 4% or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less, and still more preferably, zirconium phosphate not containing silver is used.
- the present invention can be applied to ceramic products generically named ceramics, including ceramics, porcelain, glass and the like.
- the present invention can be similarly applied to products in which a glaze is applied to a metal or the like, which is known by names such as candy and cloisonne.
- preferable application objects are sanitary ware and tiles.
- Sanitary ware is ceramic products mainly used for sanitary purposes such as toilets, washbasins, bathtubs, etc.Tile means ceramic products such as ceramic tiles, stoneware tiles, porcelain tiles, etc. Including tiles to be used.
- the glaze to which the present invention can be applied it can be applied to any glaze such as transparent glaze, gloss glaze, matte glaze, and milky glaze.
- the antibacterial composition for glazes of the present invention exhibits excellent effects when applied to products using glazes, but can also be used for tiles and glass products.
- the specific zirconium phosphate in the present invention has a three-dimensional network structure.
- Zirconium phosphate includes an amorphous one and a crystalline one having a two-dimensional layered structure or a three-dimensional network structure.
- crystalline zirconium phosphate having a three-dimensional network structure is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, radiation resistance and low thermal expansion.
- hexagonal zirconium phosphate is excellent in excellent durability, selective silver ion capture and safety.
- the synthesis of the specific zirconium phosphate of the present invention can be obtained by a wet method in which various raw materials are reacted in an aqueous solution, a hydrothermal method or a firing method.
- a specific method for synthesizing zirconium phosphate containing ammonium ion in M in Formula [1] by a wet method is as follows: a predetermined amount of zirconium compound, ammonia or a salt thereof, oxalic acid or a salt thereof, phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, and the like.
- synthesis can be performed by heating at a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher.
- the synthesized zirconium phosphate is further filtered, washed with water until the filtrate shows an electrical conductivity lower than a predetermined electrical conductivity, dried and crushed to obtain white zirconium phosphate powder. .
- combined at the temperature exceeding 100 degreeC under the pressure higher than atmospheric pressure a specific zirconium phosphate will be synthesize
- an aqueous solution containing a predetermined amount of zirconium compound, oxalic acid or a salt thereof, phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, etc. A method of supporting hydrogen ions by adjusting the pH to 4 or less by heating at a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher and stirring the precipitated zirconium phosphate in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid or the like. be able to.
- the synthesized zirconium phosphate is further filtered, and washed with water until the filtrate has an electrical conductivity lower than a predetermined electrical conductivity, followed by drying and pulverization to obtain a zirconium phosphate powder. Further, when zirconium phosphate containing ammonium ions in M in the formula [1] is heated at 600 ° C. or more, zirconium phosphate containing hydrogen ions in M can be obtained even when ammonia is released.
- a specific method for synthesizing zirconium phosphate containing oxonium ions in M in Formula [1] can be obtained by absorbing moisture in zirconium phosphate containing hydrogen ions in M in Formula [1].
- zirconium phosphate containing silver ions in M can introduce an arbitrary ratio of silver ions by immersing zirconium phosphate not containing silver ions in an aqueous solution containing silver ions to cause an ion exchange reaction. Can do.
- zirconium compound that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method
- a water-soluble or acid-soluble zirconium salt can be used.
- zirconium nitrate, zirconium acetate, zirconium sulfate, basic zirconium sulfate, zirconium oxysulfate, and zirconium oxychloride are exemplified, and zirconium oxychloride is preferable in consideration of reactivity and economy.
- Hafnium compounds that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method include water-soluble or acid-soluble hafnium salts such as hafnium chloride, hafnium oxychloride and Examples include hafnium ethoxide, and zirconium compounds containing hafnium can also be used.
- the hafnium content contained in the zirconium compound is preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.3% to 4%. In the present invention, it is preferable to use zirconium oxychloride containing such a small amount of hafnium in view of reactivity, economy, and the like.
- Oxalic acid or a salt thereof that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by wet method includes oxalic acid dihydrate, sodium oxalate, ammonium oxalate, sodium hydrogen oxalate, and oxalic acid. Examples thereof include ammonium oxyhydrogen, and oxalic acid dihydrate is preferable.
- Ammonia or a salt thereof that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method includes ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, aqueous ammonia, ammonium oxalate, and ammonium phosphate. And preferably ammonium chloride or aqueous ammonia.
- phosphoric acid or a salt thereof that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method a soluble or acid-soluble salt is preferable.
- phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid Examples thereof include sodium, sodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, and ammonium phosphate, and phosphoric acid is more preferable.
- the concentration of the phosphoric acid is preferably about 60% to 85%.
- the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] is synthesized by a wet method or a hydrothermal method
- the molar ratio of phosphoric acid or a salt thereof to a zirconium compound is 1.4 to 2. More preferably, it is 1.45 to less than 1.71, more preferably 1.47 to 1.67, and particularly preferably 1.5 to 1.65. That is, the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] is preferably synthesized by a wet method or a hydrothermal method in which the molar amount of phosphoric acid or a salt thereof per mole of the zirconium compound is in the range of 1.4 to 2. Can do.
- the molar ratio of phosphoric acid or a salt thereof to ammonia or a salt thereof when synthesizing the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method is as follows. 0.3 to 10 is preferable, 1 to 10 is more preferable, and 2 to 5 is more preferable.
- the molar ratio of phosphoric acid or a salt thereof and oxalic acid or a salt thereof when synthesizing the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] by a wet method or a hydrothermal method is as follows. 1 to 6 is preferable, more preferably 1.5 to 5, still more preferably 1.51 to 4, and particularly preferably 1.52 to 3.5. That is, the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] can be synthesized preferably by a wet method or a hydrothermal method using a zirconium raw material containing oxalic acid or a salt thereof. In particular, in the wet method, the effect of using a zirconium raw material containing oxalic acid or a salt thereof is high.
- the solid content concentration in the reaction slurry is preferably 3% or more, and 7% to 20% in view of efficiency such as economy. Is more preferable.
- the pH when the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] is synthesized by a wet method or a hydrothermal method is preferably 1 or more and 4 or less, more preferably 1.3 to 3.5, and still more preferably 1.8. It is -3.0, Most preferably, it is 2.0-3.0. When the pH is more than 4 or less than 1, the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] may not be synthesized.
- the synthesis temperature when synthesizing the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, more preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 90 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 95 ° C. or higher. .
- the synthesis temperature is preferably 150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 120 ° C. or lower. If the temperature is less than 70 ° C., the zirconium phosphate of the present invention may not be synthesized. Further, if the temperature is higher than 150 ° C., it is inefficient in terms of energy.
- the synthesis time of the zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] varies depending on the synthesis temperature.
- the synthesis time of the zirconium phosphate of the present invention is preferably 4 hours or longer, more preferably 6 hours to 72 hours, and more preferably 8 hours to 24 hours.
- the particle size of the obtained particles is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m in volume-based median diameter by a laser particle size distribution meter.
- Conditions can be set so as to obtain a desired particle size within a range.
- the preferred particle diameter in the present invention is that having a median diameter in the range of 0.1 to 4 ⁇ m. Note that not only the median diameter but also the maximum particle diameter are important in consideration of coating processability on the surface of a tile or the like and dispersibility in a dispersion for coating. Therefore, the maximum particle size of the specific zirconium phosphate used in the present invention is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 6 ⁇ m or less.
- a specific method for synthesizing zirconium phosphate containing hydrogen ion in M of formula [1] includes alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions and ammonium ions.
- Zirconium phosphate particles obtained by a synthesis method comprising a step of dispersing a zirconium carbonate powder in an aqueous solution containing at least one kind of ions selected from: Can be further synthesized by supporting hydrogen ions by stirring in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the zirconium phosphate which contains an oxonium ion in M in Formula [1] can be obtained by moisture-absorbing the zirconium phosphate which contains a hydrogen ion in M in Formula [1] obtained by the baking method.
- zirconium phosphate containing silver ions in M can introduce an arbitrary ratio of silver ions by immersing zirconium phosphate not containing silver ions in an aqueous solution containing silver ions to cause an ion exchange reaction. Can do.
- zirconium carbonate represented by eZrO 2 ⁇ CO 2 ⁇ fH 2 O is preferred as the zirconium phosphate powder that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate by the firing method.
- e and f are positive numbers.
- e is preferably 0.2 or more and 5 or less, and particularly preferably when e is selected from 0.5, 2, and 3 for obtaining a stable compound.
- f is preferably 8 or more and 25 or less, more preferably 15 or more and 20 or less, since a stable compound is easily obtained.
- zirconium carbonate examples include 2ZrO 2 ⁇ CO 2 ⁇ xH 2 O called “zirconium carbonate basic”, ZrO 2 ⁇ 2CO 2 ⁇ xH 2 O called “zirconium carbonate” and “zirconium hydroxide hydroxide” 3ZrO 2 ⁇ CO 2 ⁇ xH 2 O called “.”
- double salts containing ammonium, sodium, potassium, etc. can also be used.
- ammonium zirconium carbonate which is a double salt, is easily available industrially because it is used in papermaking applications. However, since it is water-soluble, it is difficult to disperse in an aqueous solution while maintaining the particle size.
- the zirconium carbonate used in the firing method preferably has a hafnium content of 0.2% or more and 5% or less with respect to the total mass of the zirconium powder.
- zirconium carbonate it is also possible to use a synthesized one in order to adjust the particle size.
- Zirconium sulfate oxide or zirconium oxide oxide can be used as a raw material for synthesizing zirconium carbonate.
- Zirconium sulfate oxide is also called zirconium oxysulfate.
- 1 mol of sodium carbonate and 0.4 mol of sodium hydrogen carbonate are added to 2 mol of zirconium sulfate oxide as a sodium chloride aqueous solution. It can be obtained by reacting in.
- zirconium oxide oxide is also called zirconium oxychloride.
- 1 mol of sodium carbonate and 2 mol of sodium bicarbonate are reacted in 2 mol of zirconium oxide in a sodium chloride aqueous solution. Can be obtained.
- the aqueous solution in which zirconium carbonate is dispersed is an aqueous solution containing at least one ion selected from alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, and ammonium ions, and phosphate ions.
- alkali metal ions that can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of zirconium phosphate by the firing method include ions of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and the like. Compounds containing these metal ions may be water-soluble. Since it is necessary, chlorides, hydroxides, nitrates, sulfates, carbonates and the like can be used, but hydroxides are preferable because the pH of the aqueous solution can be adjusted.
- alkali metal ions include sodium ions and potassium ions, and the compounds are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Further, alkaline earth metal ions such as magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium and transition metal ions can coexist.
- the molar ratio of alkali metal ions and ammonium ions to zirconium carbonate (when the zirconium compound is 1) when synthesizing zirconium phosphate by the firing method is 0.3 or more and less than 0.9, more preferably 0.35 or more. It is less than 0.85, more preferably 0.4 or more and 0.8 or less.
- any source that generates ion phosphate by ionization in water can be used.
- Specific examples include phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate, metaphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, and the like, but more preferably alkali metal salts of phosphoric acid, alkaline earth metals Salts and ammonium salts or phosphoric acid, particularly preferably phosphoric acid.
- the concentration is preferably about 60% to 85% by weight. Regardless of which phosphorus compound is used, phosphate ions are generated in an aqueous solution.
- the concentration of the zirconium carbonate powder to be dispersed in water or an aqueous solution is not particularly limited as long as it can be uniformly dispersed. However, when the concentration is low, the viscosity becomes low, so that stirring and mixing are easy.
- the mass concentration is preferably 5% to 40%, more preferably 10% to 30%.
- the molar ratio of phosphoric acid to zirconium carbonate (with a zirconium compound of 1) is preferably 1.1 to 1.7, more preferably 1.2 to 1.6, since high crystallinity is obtained. Preferably it is 1.25 to 1.5.
- Zirconium phosphate powder having a preferred particle size distribution can be obtained by dispersing zirconium carbonate in an aqueous solution satisfying these conditions, followed by heating and aging in an aqueous solution dispersion state, followed by firing.
- Zirconium carbonate is easy to adjust the particle size of zirconium phosphate. Therefore, zirconium carbonate having a particle size distribution mainly composed of coarse particles of about 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m is used as a raw material, and during reaction with phosphoric acid. By limiting the conditions such that the particle size does not change greatly, a zirconium phosphate powder having a preferable particle size distribution can be obtained.
- zirconium carbonate powder is added to an aqueous solution containing at least one ion selected from alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions and ammonium ions, and phosphate ions.
- Method a method of adding an aqueous solution containing at least one ion selected from alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions and ammonium ions, and phosphate ions to water in which zirconium carbonate powder is dispersed, zirconium carbonate powder is dispersed Any of the methods of adding these ion source compounds to water may be used.
- the raw materials After mixing the raw materials, it is desirable that the raw materials are mixed homogeneously and heated with stirring so that the reaction proceeds uniformly. This is called heat aging, and the time is not limited. However, the shorter the production efficiency is, the longer the crystallinity is stabilized, so that it is preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 10 hours. .
- the temperature for heat aging is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 60 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 70 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 80 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the aging temperature is 100 ° C. under normal pressure, but it can exceed 100 ° C. if pressurized. However, since it is expensive in terms of equipment to make the temperature and pressure so high, the preferable upper limit is 200 ° C.
- the zirconium phosphate after heat aging is filtered off, washed with ion-exchanged water, and then fired dry.
- the dry process generally means a handling condition in which no water or solvent exists, but in the present invention, it means an environment where moisture can be evaporated, and means that the powder is fired in a dry state.
- the firing temperature is 650 ° C. or higher and 1500 ° C. or lower, preferably 700 ° C. or higher and 1450 ° C. or lower, more preferably 800 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower.
- the heating time is not limited, including the temperature raising time, but it is preferably 1 hour to 24 hours at the highest temperature, more preferably 2 hours to 18 hours, more preferably 4 hours to 15 hours.
- Temperature irregularities are inevitable in a normal high-temperature processing apparatus, and even if there is an error within plus or minus 100 ° C, preferably plus or minus 50 ° C, between the set maximum temperature and the temperature at which the powder actually reaches the present invention. Can be implemented.
- the rate of temperature rise until reaching the maximum temperature is preferably 0.1 ° C./min to 50 ° C./min.
- a step of evaporating moisture at a temperature of 600 ° C. or lower can be added as a drying step, and drying can be accelerated by reducing the pressure.
- Any general baking method such as a rotary kiln, electric furnace, gas furnace or the like can be used for the baking process, and heating can be performed while adding fluid and stirring to prevent the formation of a skin layer on the surface.
- a hexagonal zirconium phosphate powder composed of high-purity white crystals can be obtained by lightly crushing.
- Zirconium phosphate produced by the firing method can control the primary particle size and hardly sinter, so there is almost no need for pulverization and classification.
- the particle size distribution of the zirconium phosphate powder obtained by the firing method is such that particles of 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less are 95% or more by volume based on a volume particle size analysis by a laser particle size distribution meter, and become a desired particle size. You can set conditions.
- the preferred particle size distribution is such that 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less is 95% or more by volume, and more preferably 0.9 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m is 95% or more by volume.
- the volume-based median diameter is 1 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 25 ⁇ m.
- the maximum particle size of the specific zirconium phosphate used in the present invention is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 6 ⁇ m or less.
- zirconium phosphate represented by the formula [1] that can be used in the present invention include the following. ⁇ Na 0.07 (NH 4 ) 0.85 Zr 2.0 Hf 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.65H 2 O ⁇ Na 0.12 (NH 4 ) 0.65 Zr 2.01 Hf 0.03 (PO 4 ) 3 • 0.85H 2 O ⁇ Na 0.19 (NH 4 ) 0.65 Zr 2.03 Hf 0.01 (PO 4 ) 3 .0.75H 2 O ⁇ Na 0.21 (NH 4 ) 0.75 Zr 1.99 Hf 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.6H 2 O ⁇ Na 0.27 (NH 4 ) 0.75 Zr 1.92 Hf 0.15 (PO 4 ) 3 • 0.75 H 2 O ⁇ K 0.29 (NH 4 ) 0.55 Zr 1.92 Hf 0.05 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.5H 2 O ⁇ K 0.57 (NH 4 ) 0.55 Zr 1.95 Hf 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.35
- the silver-based material powder used in the present invention is at least one selected from metallic silver, silver oxide, and silver salt.
- metallic silver and silver oxide As a silver-type substance powder, Various powdered metallic silver powder or silver oxide which can be marketed can be used, and both can also be mixed and used.
- the purity of the powdered metal silver can be used at 90% or more, preferably 99.9 to 99.9999%.
- stearic acid and metallic soap may be coated on the surface of metallic silver powder. These can also be used, but because of their water repellency, the coating dispersion has a solvent or surfactant. It is preferable to use together.
- the silver salt either an inorganic salt or an organic salt can be used.
- examples include silver oxide.
- the silver-based substance powder at least one selected from metallic silver, silver oxide, and silver salt may be selected and used, and a plurality of them may be used in combination, but among these, silver oxide or Metal silver, more preferably silver oxide.
- the particle size of the silver-based material powder is preferably in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m in volume-based median diameter measured with a laser particle size distribution meter. 2-4 ⁇ m.
- the maximum particle size is important in addition to the median diameter in consideration of the coating processability on the surface of the tile and the dispersibility in the dispersion liquid for coating.
- the maximum particle size of the silver-based material powder is 10 ⁇ m or less. Preferably, it is 6 ⁇ m or less.
- the antibacterial composition for glaze used in the present invention can be obtained by mixing the above silver-based substance powder and a specific zirconium phosphate powder.
- a dispersion medium may be added at the time of mixing.
- existing mixers such as a Henschel mixer, Nauter mixer, ribbon mixer, planar mixer, and Laedige mixer can be used.
- coats and processes on the surface of the glaze glaze you may mix by adding to the water which is a dispersion medium, and stirring.
- a preferable blending ratio is 20 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 150 parts by mass of the zirconium phosphate powder with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silver-based substance powder.
- the antibacterial composition for glazes used in the present invention can be used by mixing with a conventionally known glaze in advance.
- the antibacterial composition for glazes in order to improve antibacterial performance, it is preferable that the antibacterial composition for glazes is 10 mass% or more in a mixture with a glaze. More preferably, the mass is 50% or more, and it is particularly preferable to apply the antibacterial composition for glazes on the glaze without mixing with the glaze in advance.
- the antibacterial composition for glazes is preferably applied by spraying to ceramics.
- An organic solvent can be used as the dispersion medium, but water is preferred.
- dispersing agents, thickeners, organic solvents, etc. are added as necessary to maintain the dispersibility of the powdered silver or silver oxide and the specific zirconium phosphate powder. It is preferable to suppress.
- the addition amount of the antibacterial composition for glazes of the present invention to the dispersion medium is preferably 1% to 30%. If it is 1% or less, it is necessary to apply a dispersant containing a large amount of antibacterial composition for glazes, which is disadvantageous in terms of application time, number of applications, drying conditions, and the like. On the other hand, if it is 30% or more, the viscosity of the dispersion increases, and coating spots are likely to occur. In some cases, the spray nozzle becomes clogged, which may cause processing problems that prevent coating.
- additives may be mixed as necessary for dispersibility, processability, further improvement of antibacterial properties, and addition of other functions.
- Specific examples include pigments such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide, anti-slip agents, deodorants, anti-mold agents, anti-stain agents, and metal powders.
- zinc oxide is a preferable compound because it has an effect of assisting antibacterial properties.
- additives used in glazes such as a chemical adhesive for preventing peeling at the time of drying can be added.
- any known processing technique and machine can be used as the spraying method, and heating and heating at an appropriate temperature or pressure are possible. It can be easily applied by spraying under pressure or reduced pressure, and their specific operation may be carried out by a conventional method.
- the spray spray amount is preferably adjusted as appropriate depending on the addition amount of the antibacterial composition for glazes in the dispersion and the desired antibacterial effect. Antibacterial performance is more likely to occur when the concentration of metallic silver on the surface of the ceramic is higher, but if it is too high, there is a higher possibility of problems such as discoloration and changes in the surface condition.
- the converted concentration is preferably 0.01 g / m 2 to 10 g / m 2 .
- firing means heating at 600 ° C. or higher, which is generally used. Any known firing technique and firing furnace can be used for the firing step.
- the preferred firing temperature is 600 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower, more preferably 1000 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower, and the preferred firing time is 10 minutes to 30 hours or shorter. Preferably it is 30 minutes or more and 10 hours or less.
- firing can be performed in either reduction firing or oxidation firing.
- the preferred firing temperature and time are appropriately determined depending on the firing conditions of the glaze and the ceramic. Although low temperature and single time are preferred because there is no fear of silver diffusing and antibacterial performance tends to appear, while higher temperature and longer time are more smooth and smooth with surface glaze. It is excellent in that a glossy texture can be obtained.
- the glaze is attached to the ceramics by a known method, there may or may not be a drying step.
- the dispersion containing the antibacterial composition for glaze used in the present invention is preferably applied to the glaze layer surface by spraying without firing or baking. More preferable is a method of applying a dispersion containing the antibacterial composition for glazes of the present invention after drying the glaze and without baking, and uniformly applying the applied dispersion without sagging. It is easy, and after firing, it is possible to obtain the same texture as a ceramic produced only with glaze, which is preferable.
- antibacterial ceramics can be obtained by baking.
- the use of the ceramic processed with antibacterial material according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be effectively used for the use when hygiene and microbial contamination become problems.
- toilet bowls, baths, washstands, floor tiles, wall tiles, decorative tiles, pool tiles and the like can be mentioned. It can be applied to products using glaze such as glazed tiles and glazed bathtubs, and the same effect can be achieved.
- the amount of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal was calculated by measuring the solution with an atomic absorption photometer after dissolving the specimen using a strong acid.
- the amount of ammonia was calculated by dissolving the sample using a strong acid and measuring this solution by the indophenol method.
- the composition formula was as follows. Na 0.5 (NH 4 ) 0.8 Zr 1.91 Hf 0.015 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.11H 2 O 450 ml of a 1N aqueous nitric acid solution in which 0.019 mol of silver nitrate was dissolved was added to 0.09 mol of the resulting zirconium phosphate, and silver was supported by stirring at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, it was washed well and dried at 120 ° C. to synthesize a hexagonal silver zirconium phosphate compound (C) having a median diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m represented by the following composition formula. Ag 0.19 Na 0.37 H 0.44 Zr 1.91 Hf 0.015 (PO 4 ) 3 ⁇ 0.19H 2 O
- Examples 1 to 5 and Example 7 are antibacterial compositions for glazes by mixing the silver oxide having a median diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m and various zirconium phosphates obtained in the reference examples with a blending composition shown in Table 1. It was. Moreover, Example 6 made the antibacterial composition for glazes by mixing metallic silver powder with a median diameter of 2.1 ⁇ m and zirconium phosphate (A) obtained in Reference Example 1 with the composition shown in Table 1. .
- the spray time when the coating amount in terms of silver was 0.5 g / cm 2 was determined, and thereafter spraying was performed so that the coating amount was the same amount, thereby preparing a tile sample.
- the coating amount was 1.5 g / cm 2
- the spraying time was tripled, and it was confirmed by analysis that a silver conversion coating amount was obtained.
- Various glazed tiles were prepared by firing the dried tile at 1200 ° C. or 900 ° C. for 1 hour using an electric furnace.
- the firing conditions for each tile are as described in Table 1, and the results of visual observation of the appearance of the tile surface after firing are also listed in Table 1.
- Table 1 the results of visual observation of the appearance of the tile surface after firing are also listed in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 10 in which a tile made only of glaze is baked at 1200 ° C for 1 hour without using an antibacterial agent, etc. was evaluated as “good”, “bad” when the appearance was clearly inferior, and “possible” when the appearance was slightly inferior but could be used.
- Example 10 Antibacterial evaluation of antibacterial tile> The antibacterial effect of the tile obtained was subjected to an antibacterial test using Staphylococcus aureus by a test method such as JIS Z2801 5.2 plastic product, and the number of bacteria of the test piece of Comparative Example 10 containing no silver was used as a reference. The obtained antibacterial activity values are shown in Table 2 as “initial”. As the antibacterial activity value is larger, the number of bacteria is reduced compared to the test piece of Comparative Example 10 and the antibacterial effect is high. When the antibacterial activity exceeds the upper limit of the test evaluation range, “Large”.
- the antibacterial test was once cleaned, sterilized, and then antibacterial evaluation was performed again.
- the obtained antibacterial activity values are shown in Table 2 as “Retest”.
- a “light resistance test” an antibacterial activity test was similarly performed on tiles exposed to light for 80 hours without showering using a sunshine weatherometer manufactured by Suga Test Instruments, and the obtained antibacterial activity values are shown in Table 2. Indicated.
- a “water resistance test” an antibacterial activity test was similarly performed using tiles immersed in ion exchange water at 50 ° C. for 16 hours, and the obtained antibacterial activity values are shown in Table 2.
- the antibacterial activity value needs to be 2 or more, but all of Examples 1 to 7 have an initial antibacterial activity value of 2 or more and are sufficient. Antibacterial effect can be confirmed. In addition, the antibacterial activity value after the retest, the light resistance test and the water resistance test is not significantly decreased, and it can be determined that the durability is high. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 9 generally have lower initial effects than the Examples, and the effects after the durability test are greatly reduced. It can be seen that even if the coating amount in terms of silver was simply increased to 3 times that of the example as in Comparative Example 2, the antibacterial effect was not improved correspondingly, and the effect after the durability test was greatly reduced. The antibacterial effect and durability of the examples of the present invention are excellent.
- the antibacterial processing method of the present invention improves the antibacterial effect as compared with the single use of silver or silver oxide, and is excellent in maintaining the effect even after the durability test.
- the effect is remarkable in tiles and sanitary ware that need to be fired at 1000 ° C. or higher, and a ceramic having an excellent antibacterial effect can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
MaZrbHfc(PO4)3・nH2O 〔1〕
式〔1〕において、Mは銀イオン、アルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、アンモニウムイオン、水素イオンおよびオキソニウムイオンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のイオンであり、a、bおよびcは、1.75<b+c<2.25で、a+4(b+c)=9を満たす数であり、aおよびbは0または正数であり、cは正数であり、nは0または2以下の正数である
MaZrbHfc(PO4)3・nH2O 〔1〕
式〔1〕において、Mは銀イオン、アルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、アンモニウムイオン、水素イオンおよびオキソニウムイオンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のイオンであり、a、bおよびcは、1.75<b+c<2.25で、a+4(b+c)=9を満たす数であり、aおよびbは0または正数であり、cは正数であり、nは0または2以下の正数である。
式〔1〕で表されるリン酸ジルコニウムの合成時間は、合成温度により異なる。例えば、本発明のリン酸ジルコニウムの合成時間として4時間以上が好ましく、さらに好ましくは6時間~72時間、より好ましくは8時間~24時間の範囲である。
・Na0.07(NH4)0.85Zr2.0Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.65H2O
・Na0.12(NH4)0.65Zr2.01Hf0.03(PO4)3・0.85H2O
・Na0.19(NH4)0.65Zr2.03Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・Na0.21(NH4)0.75Zr1.99Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.6H2O
・Na0.27(NH4)0.75Zr1.92Hf0.15(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・K0.29(NH4)0.55Zr1.92Hf0.05(PO4)3・0.5H2O
・K0.57(NH4)0.55Zr1.95Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.35H2O
・K0.70(NH4)0.85Zr1.99Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.4H2O
・Na0.07H0.85Zr2.0Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.65H2O
・Na0.12H0.65Zr2.01Hf0.03(PO4)3・0.85H2O
・Na0.19H0.65Zr2.03Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・Na0.21H0.75Zr1.99Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.6H2O
・Na0.27H0.75Zr1.92Hf0.15(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・K0.29H0.55Zr1.92Hf0.05(PO4)3・0.5H2O
・K0.57H0.55Zr1.95Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.35H2O
・K0.70H0.85Zr1.99Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.4H2O
・Na0.07(H3O)0.85Zr2.0Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.65H2O
・Na0.12(H3O)0.65Zr2.01Hf0.03(PO4)3・0.85H2O
・Na0.19(H3O)0.65Zr2.03Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・Na0.21(H3O)0.75Zr1.99Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.6H2O
・Na0.27(H3O)0.40H0.35Zr1.92Hf0.15(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・Na0.29(NH3)0.25(H3O)0.30Zr1.92Hf0.05(PO4)3・0.5H2O
・Na0.57(H3O)0.25H0.30Zr1.95Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.35H2O
・Na0.70(NH3)0.40H0.45Zr1.99Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.4H2O
・Na0.70(NH3)0.40(H3O)0.20H0.25Zr1.99Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.4H2O
・Na0.92Zr2.0Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.65H2O
・Na0.77Zr2.01Hf0.03(PO4)3・0.85H2O
・Na0.84Zr2.03Hf0.01(PO4)3・0.75H2O
・Na0.96Zr1.99Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.6H2O
銀系物質粉末としての金属銀および酸化銀には、特に制限はなく、市販されている粉末状の各種金属銀粉末または酸化銀が使用可能であり、両者を混合して使用することもできる。粉末金属銀の純度は、90%以上で使用可能であり、好ましくは99.9~99.9999%のものである。金属銀粉末の製法上、ステアリン酸や金属石鹸が金属銀粉末の表面に被覆しているものがあり、これらも使用可能であるが、撥水性があることから塗布分散液に溶剤や界面活性剤を併用することが好ましい。金属銀または酸化銀の粉末形状に制限はなく、不定形、鱗片状、球状でも使用可能である。ただし、金属銀粉末は焼成時に釉薬と反応しガラス化して釉薬層に残存するためには酸素が必要となるため、既に銀化合物内に酸素を含有している酸化銀のほうが金属銀粉末よりも好ましい。
メジアン径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布を用いて体積基準により測定した。
式〔1〕の添え字を決定するために、リン酸ジルコニウム中のジルコニウム、ハフニウム、銀の含有量を測定する方法としては、強酸を用いて検体を溶解後、この液をICP発光分光分析計にて測定し算出した。リンの量は、強酸を用いて検体を溶解後、この液をICP発光分光分析計にて測定し算出した。アルカリ金属やアルカリ土類金属量は、強酸を用いて検体を溶解後、この液を原子吸光光度計にて測定し算出した。アンモニアの量は、強酸を用いて検体を溶解後、この液をインドフェノール法にて測定し算出した。
純水300mlにシュウ酸2水和物0.1モル、ハフニウム0.17%含有オキシ塩化ジルコニウム8水和物0.2モルおよび塩化アンモニウム0.1モルを溶解後、撹拌しながらリン酸0.3モルを加えた。この溶液に20%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpHを2.6に調整後、98℃で14時間撹拌した。その後、得られた沈殿物をよく洗浄し、120℃で乾燥することにより以下の組成式で示されるメジアン径0.8μmの六方晶リン酸ジルコニウム化合物(A)を合成した。
Na0.6(NH4)0.4Zr1.98Hf0.02(PO4)3・0.09H2O
純水300mlにシュウ酸2水和物0.1モル、ハフニウム0.18%含有オキシ塩化ジルコニウム8水和物0.19モルを溶解後、撹拌しながらリン酸0.3モルを加えた。この溶液に20%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpHを2.7に調整後、98℃で14時間撹拌した。その後、得られた沈殿物をよく洗浄した。得られたリン酸ジルコニウムを1N硝酸水溶液450mlに、を加え、60℃で2時間撹拌することで水素を担持させた。その後よく洗浄し、120℃で乾燥することにより以下の組成式で示されるメジアン径1.1μmの六方晶リン酸ジルコニウム化合物(B)を合成した。
Na0.56H0.44Zr1.91Hf0.015(PO4)3・0.19H2O
純水300mlにシュウ酸2水和物0.1モル、ハフニウム0.18%含有オキシ塩化ジルコニウム8水和物0.19モルおよび塩化アンモニウム0.10モルを溶解後、撹拌しながらリン酸0.3モルを加えた。この溶液に20%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpHを2.7に調整後、98℃で14時間撹拌した。その後、得られた沈殿物をよく洗浄し、120℃で乾燥することによりリン酸ジルコニウム化合物を合成した。このリン酸ジルコニウムの各成分量を測定したところ、組成式は、次のとおりであった。
Na0.5(NH4)0.8Zr1.91Hf0.015(PO4)3・0.11H2O
得られたリン酸ジルコニウム0.09モルに硝酸銀0.019モルを溶解した1N硝酸水溶液450mlを加え、60℃で2時間撹拌することで銀を担持させた。その後よく洗浄し、120℃で乾燥することにより以下の組成式で示されるメジアン径0.8μmの六方晶銀リン酸ジルコニウム化合物(C)を合成した。
Ag0.19Na0.37H0.44Zr1.91Hf0.015(PO4)3・0.19H2O
実施例1~5および実施例7は、メジアン径0.8μmの酸化銀と参考例で得られた各種リン酸ジルコニウムを表1に示した配合組成でミキサー混合することで釉薬用抗菌性組成物とした。また、実施例6は、メジアン径2.1μmの金属銀粉末と参考例1で得られたリン酸ジルコニウム(A)を表1に示した配合で混合することで釉薬用抗菌性組成物とした。
・釜戸長石 70部
・鼠石灰石 10部
・亜鉛華 10部
・炭酸バリウム 5部
・蛙目粘土 5部
・珪石 5部
得られたタイル抗菌効果を、JIS Z2801 5.2プラスチック製品などの試験方法により黄色ブドウ球菌を用いて抗菌性試験を実施し、銀を含まない比較例10のテストピースの菌数を基準として、得られた抗菌活性値を「初期」として表2に示した。抗菌活性値は数字が大きいほど、比較例10のテストピースに比べて菌数が減少し、抗菌効果が高いことを意味し、試験の評価範囲の上限を超える抗菌活性を示した場合は「より大」の表示とした。
一方、比較例1~9は概ね初期効果が実施例に比べ低く、耐久試験後の効果の低下が大きい。比較例2のように単に銀換算の塗布量を実施例の3倍に増加しても、それに見あった抗菌効果の向上はなく、耐久試験後の効果の低下が大きいことがわかる。本発明の実施例の抗菌効果および耐久性は優れている。
Claims (8)
- 金属銀、酸化銀、銀塩の中から選ばれる少なくとも1つの銀系物質粉末の100質量部に対して、式〔1〕で表されるリン酸ジルコニウム粉末を20~200質量部含む、釉薬用抗菌性組成物を、陶磁器表面に塗布する工程と、塗布された陶磁器を焼成加工する工程とを順次含む、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
MaZrbHfc(PO4)3・nH2O 〔1〕
(式〔1〕において、Mは銀イオン、アルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、アンモニウムイオン、水素イオンおよびオキソニウムイオンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のイオンであり、a、bおよびcは、1.75<b+c<2.25で、a+4(b+c)=9を満たす数であり、aおよびbは0または正数であり、cは正数であり、nは0または2以下の正数である) - 銀系物質粉末およびリン酸ジルコニウム粉末の、レーザー粒度分布計による体積基準のメジアン径が、各々0.1~50μmの範囲内である、釉薬用抗菌性組成物を用いる、請求項1に記載の、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
- リン酸ジルコニウム粉末が銀イオンを含まず、アルカリ金属イオンと共に、水素イオン、アンモニウムイオン、オキソニウムイオンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のイオンを含む、請求項1または2に記載の、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
- 釉薬用抗菌性組成物を塗布した陶磁器を焼成加工する工程、の温度が1000℃以上1400℃以下である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
- 釉薬用抗菌性組成物を必須としない釉薬を陶磁器表面に塗布する工程と、釉薬用抗菌性組成物を陶磁器表面に塗布する工程と、塗布された陶磁器を600℃以上で焼成加工する工程とを順次含む請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
- 釉薬用抗菌性組成物を必須としない釉薬を陶磁器表面に塗布する工程を含み、その後に焼成する工程を経ることなく、釉薬用抗菌性組成物を陶磁器表面に塗布する工程と、塗布された陶磁器を焼成加工する工程とを順次含む、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の、陶磁器の抗菌加工方法。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法で加工された、抗菌性陶磁器
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法で加工された、抗菌性衛生陶器または抗菌性タイル。
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| CN201180032883.9A CN102958369B (zh) | 2010-07-02 | 2011-06-22 | 使用了釉药用抗菌性组合物的陶瓷器的抗菌加工方法 |
| JP2012522567A JP5561364B2 (ja) | 2010-07-02 | 2011-06-22 | 釉薬用抗菌性組成物を用いた陶磁器の抗菌加工方法 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107021630A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-08-08 | 界首市伟盛古窑彩陶制作发展有限公司 | 一种高温环保抗菌釉 |
| CN117859768A (zh) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | 复合抗病毒剂及其制备方法、保护釉、瓷砖及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110698227B (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-28 | 佛山欧神诺陶瓷有限公司 | 一种抗菌陶瓷砖及其制备方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08151229A (ja) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-11 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | 釉薬用抗菌性添加物 |
| JP2008074781A (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| JP2008074778A (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| WO2009044477A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| WO2009044478A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1421133A (zh) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-04 | 广州擎天新材料研究开发有限公司 | 高分子用超微细抗菌粉体及制备方法 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08151229A (ja) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-11 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | 釉薬用抗菌性添加物 |
| JP2008074781A (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| JP2008074778A (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| WO2009044477A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
| WO2009044478A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 銀系無機抗菌剤 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107021630A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-08-08 | 界首市伟盛古窑彩陶制作发展有限公司 | 一种高温环保抗菌釉 |
| CN117859768A (zh) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | 复合抗病毒剂及其制备方法、保护釉、瓷砖及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP5561364B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN102958369A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
| JPWO2012002205A1 (ja) | 2013-08-22 |
| CN102958369B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
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