WO2012077578A1 - n型熱電変換性能を有する金属材料 - Google Patents
n型熱電変換性能を有する金属材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012077578A1 WO2012077578A1 PCT/JP2011/077852 JP2011077852W WO2012077578A1 WO 2012077578 A1 WO2012077578 A1 WO 2012077578A1 JP 2011077852 W JP2011077852 W JP 2011077852W WO 2012077578 A1 WO2012077578 A1 WO 2012077578A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel metal material having excellent performance as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material.
- thermoelectric conversion that directly converts thermal energy into electrical energy is an effective means.
- This thermoelectric conversion uses the Seebeck effect and is an energy conversion method in which a potential difference is generated by generating a temperature difference at both ends of a thermoelectric conversion material to generate electric power.
- electricity is obtained simply by placing one end of the thermoelectric conversion material in the high-temperature part generated by waste heat, placing the other end in the atmosphere (room temperature), and connecting a conductor to each end.
- moving devices such as motors and turbines required for power generation. Therefore, the cost is low, gas is not discharged due to combustion, and power generation can be continuously performed until the thermoelectric conversion material deteriorates.
- thermoelectric power generation is expected as a technology that will play a part in solving energy problems that are a concern in the future, but in order to realize thermoelectric power generation, it has high thermoelectric conversion efficiency and high durability thermoelectric conversion. Material is required. In particular, it is important not to oxidize in air at the service temperature.
- CoO 2 -based layered oxides such as Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 have been reported as substances exhibiting excellent thermoelectric performance in high-temperature air (see Non-Patent Document 1 below).
- these oxides exhibit a high conversion efficiency at a temperature of about 600 ° C. or higher, but have a problem that the conversion efficiency in a medium temperature range of about 200 to 600 ° C. is low.
- thermoelectric conversion materials As for p-type thermoelectric conversion materials, it is known that MnSi 1.7 is relatively resistant to oxidation in the intermediate temperature range and exhibits good thermoelectric properties as a material exhibiting good thermoelectric conversion performance in the intermediate temperature range (Patent Document 1 below) reference).
- thermoelectric conversion materials for n-type thermoelectric conversion materials, intermetallic compounds such as Mg 2 Si, skutterudite, and half-Heusler show good thermoelectric conversion performance in the middle temperature range, but oxidation occurs in the air when the temperature exceeds 300 ° C. Therefore, there is a problem that the durability is insufficient and it cannot be used for a long time.
- the present invention has been made in view of the current state of the prior art described above, and its main purpose is an n-type that exhibits good thermoelectric conversion performance in an intermediate temperature range and is excellent in durability in air. It is to provide a novel material useful as a thermoelectric conversion material.
- a metallic material comprising an alloy containing Si and Al as essential components and further containing a specific element in a specific content ratio is negative. It has a coefficient and good electrical conductivity, exhibits good thermoelectric conversion performance in the air even in the middle temperature range from room temperature to 600 ° C., and has good oxidation resistance in the temperature range. It has been found that it has excellent durability, and the present invention has been completed here.
- the present invention provides the following metal material and an n-type thermoelectric conversion material using the metal material.
- Composition formula Mn 3-x M 1 x Si y Al z M 2 a (wherein, M 1 is, Ti, V, Cr, Fe , Co, Ni, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu M 2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, P, Ga, Ge, Sn, and Bi, and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3.0, 3.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 4.5, 2.5 ⁇ z ⁇ 3.5, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, and a metal material made of an alloy having an electrical resistivity of 1 m ⁇ ⁇ cm or less at a temperature of 25 ° C. or higher. 3. 3.
- thermoelectric conversion material comprising the metal material according to item 1 or 2 or a sintered body thereof. 4).
- a thermoelectric conversion module comprising the n-type thermoelectric conversion material according to Item 3.
- Metallic material of the present invention throughout the composition formula: Mn 3-x M in 1 x Si y Al z M 2 a (wherein, M 1 is, Ti, V, Cr, Fe , Co, Ni, and Cu And M 2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, P, Ga, Ge, Sn, and Bi, and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3.0, 3.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 4.5, 2.5 ⁇ z ⁇ 3.5, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1).
- the metal material is not a mere mixture of components, but an alloy in which each element is in close contact with each other and is homogeneous throughout the material.
- the metal material made of an alloy represented by the above composition formula has a negative Seebeck coefficient, and when a temperature difference is caused between both ends of a formed body made of the metal material, the potential generated by the thermoelectromotive force is The high temperature side is higher than the low temperature side, and exhibits characteristics as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material. Specifically, the metal material has a negative Seebeck coefficient in a temperature range of about 25 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the metal material has good electrical conductivity and low electrical resistivity. For example, it exhibits a very low electrical resistivity of 1 m ⁇ ⁇ cm or less in a temperature range of 25 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the durability is good even in an oxidative atmosphere such as in the air. For example, even if it is used in the air at a temperature range of about 25 ° C. to 700 ° C. for a long time, the deterioration of the thermoelectric conversion performance is not caused. It hardly occurs.
- the raw materials are blended so as to have the same element ratio as that of the target alloy, and after melting at high temperature, Cooling.
- a raw material an intermetallic compound or a solid solution composed of a plurality of component elements as well as a simple metal, and a composite (alloy, etc.) thereof can be used.
- the method for melting the raw material is also not particularly limited, and for example, a method such as arc melting may be applied and heated to a temperature exceeding the melting point of the raw material phase or the generated phase.
- the atmosphere during melting is preferably an inert gas atmosphere such as helium or argon or a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as a reduced pressure atmosphere in order to avoid oxidation of the raw material.
- an alloy represented by the above composition formula can be obtained. Further, if necessary, the obtained alloy can be heat treated to obtain a more homogeneous alloy, and the performance as a thermoelectric conversion material can be improved.
- the heat treatment conditions at this time are not particularly limited, and vary depending on the type and amount of the metal element contained, but it is preferable to perform the heat treatment at a temperature of about 1450 to 1900 ° C., for example.
- the atmosphere at this time is preferably a non-oxidizing atmosphere as in the melting in order to avoid oxidation of the metal material.
- the alloy obtained by the above-described method is used for a specific application such as a thermoelectric conversion material, it is usually used as a sintered molded body having a shape corresponding to the intended application.
- the alloy represented by the above composition formula is first pulverized into a fine powder and then molded into a desired shape.
- the degree of pulverization particle size, particle size distribution, particle shape, etc.
- the next step, sintering is facilitated by making the powder as fine as possible.
- a grinding means such as a ball mill, the alloy can be ground and mixed simultaneously.
- any heating means such as a normal electric heating furnace or gas heating furnace can be applied.
- the heating temperature and the heating time may be set as appropriate so that a sintered body having sufficient strength can be formed.
- an electric current sintering method in which a conductive mold is filled with a pulverized product and subjected to pressure molding, and then a DC pulse current is applied to the mold for sintering, a dense firing is performed in a short time. A ligation can be obtained.
- heating may be performed at about 600 to 850 ° C.
- the atmosphere during heating is preferably a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon, a reducing atmosphere or a reduced pressure atmosphere in order to avoid oxidation of the raw material.
- a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon, a reducing atmosphere or a reduced pressure atmosphere in order to avoid oxidation of the raw material.
- Mn 3-x M 1 x Si y Al z M 2 a (wherein, M 1 is, Ti, V, Cr, Fe , Co, at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, and Cu element M 2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, P, Ga, Ge, Sn, and Bi, and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3.0, 3.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 4.5, 2.5 ⁇ z ⁇ 3.5, It is possible to obtain a sintered compact of a metal material made of an alloy having a composition represented by 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.
- the metal material of the present invention obtained by the above method has a negative Seebeck coefficient in a temperature range of 25 ° C. to 700 ° C., and is negative in a temperature range of 600 ° C. or less, particularly in a temperature range of about 300 ° C. to 500 ° C. Having a large Seebeck coefficient. Further, the metal material has a very low electric resistivity of 1 m ⁇ ⁇ cm or less in a temperature range of 25 ° C. to 700 ° C. Accordingly, the metal material can exhibit excellent thermoelectric conversion performance as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material in the above temperature range.
- the metal material has good heat resistance, oxidation resistance, etc., for example, even when it is used for a long time in a temperature range of about 25 ° C. to 700 ° C., the thermoelectric conversion performance hardly deteriorates. .
- the metal material of the present invention can be effectively used as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material used in the temperature range of, for example, room temperature to about 600 ° C., preferably about 300 to 500 ° C., using the above-described characteristics. it can.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a thermoelectric power generation module using a thermoelectric conversion material made of a sintered compact of the metal material of the present invention as an n-type thermoelectric conversion element.
- the structure of the thermoelectric power generation module is the same as that of a known thermoelectric power generation module, and is a thermoelectric power generation module including a substrate material, a p-type thermoelectric conversion material, an n-type thermoelectric conversion material, an electrode, etc., and the metal material of the present invention Is used as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material.
- the metal material of the present invention has a negative Seebeck coefficient and a low electrical resistivity, and is excellent in heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and the like.
- the metal material is effective even in the air, which was difficult to use for a long time with conventional materials, as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material that exhibits excellent performance in the temperature range of room temperature to 600 ° C. Can be used. Therefore, by incorporating the sintered molded body made of the metal material into the system as the n-type thermoelectric conversion element of the thermoelectric power generation module, it becomes possible to effectively use the thermal energy that has been discarded up to now. .
- thermoelectric power generation module which used the sintered compact of this invention metal material as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material.
- 4 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient at 25 to 700 ° C. in air for the sintered compacts of the metal materials obtained in Examples 1 to 3.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity at 25 to 700 ° C. in air for the sintered compacts of the metal materials obtained in Examples 1 to 3.
- 2 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity at 25 to 700 ° C. in air for the sintered compact of the metal material obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) at 25 to 700 ° C. in the air for the sintered compact of the metal material obtained in Example 1.
- ZT dimensionless figure of merit
- Mn manganese
- Si silicon
- Al aluminum
- the obtained alloy was ball milled using a straw container and smoked balls, and the obtained powder was pressure-formed into a disk shape having a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of about 4.5 mm.
- a carbon mold Put this in a carbon mold, apply a DC pulse current of approximately 27002.5A (pulse width 2.5ms, frequency 29 Hz), heat to 850 °C, hold at that temperature for 15 minutes, After ligation, the applied current and pressurization were stopped and allowed to cool naturally to obtain a sintered compact.
- Examples 2 to 10 Sintered compacts having the compositions shown in Table 1 below were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type or blending ratio of the raw materials was changed. As each raw material, each metal simple substance was used.
- thermoelectric characteristics The physical property value evaluation method for evaluating thermoelectric characteristics is shown below.
- the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were measured in air, and the thermal conductivity was measured in vacuum.
- thermocouple A sample was molded into a rectangle with a cross section of 3 to 5 mm square and a length of about 3 to 8 mm, and an R type (platinum-platinum / rhodium) thermocouple was connected to both end faces with silver paste.
- the sample is placed in a tubular electric furnace, heated to 100-700 ° C, a temperature difference is created by applying air at room temperature to one side of the thermocouple provided with an air pump, and the thermoelectromotive force generated at both ends of the sample is thermocoupled.
- the platinum wire was measured.
- the Seebeck coefficient was calculated from the thermoelectromotive force and the temperature difference between both end faces.
- Table 1 shows the Seebeck coefficient ( ⁇ V / K), electrical resistivity (m ⁇ ⁇ cm), thermal conductivity (W / m ⁇ K 2 ) and dimensionless performance at 500 ° C. for the alloys obtained in each example. Indicates the index.
- the sintered compacts of the alloys obtained in Examples 1 to 37 all have a negative Seebeck coefficient and a low electrical resistivity at 500 ° C., and are n-type thermoelectric conversions. It had excellent performance as a material.
- Example 1 For the sintered compact of the alloy obtained in Example 1, a graph showing the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity at 25 to 700 ° C. in air is shown in FIG. A graph showing the temperature dependency of the dimensional figure of merit (ZT) is shown in FIG.
- the Seebeck coefficient of the sintered compacts of the alloys obtained in Examples 1 to 3 is a negative value in the temperature range of 25 to 700 ° C., and the n-type has a high potential on the high temperature side. It was confirmed to be a thermoelectric conversion material. These alloys had a large absolute value of Seebeck coefficient in a temperature range below 600 ° C., particularly in a temperature range of about 300 ° C. to 500 ° C.
- the metal material of the present invention is excellent in oxidation resistance.
- the sintered compacts of the alloys obtained in Examples 1 to 3 have a value of electrical resistivity ( ⁇ ) of less than 1 m ⁇ ⁇ cm in the temperature range of 25 to 700 ° C. It had the property. Therefore, the sintered compact of the alloy obtained in the above-described embodiment can be used particularly effectively as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material in the temperature range up to about 600 ° C., particularly in the temperature range of about 300 to 500 ° C. in air. It can be said that.
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Abstract
Description
1. 組成式:Mn3-xM1 xSiyAlzM2 a (式中、M1は、Ti、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、及びCuからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、M2は、B、P、Ga、Ge、Sn、及びBiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、0≦x≦3.0、3.5≦y≦4.5、2.5≦z≦3.5、0≦a≦1である)で表され、25℃以上の温度で負のゼーベック係数を有する合金からなる金属材料。
2. 組成式:Mn3-xM1 xSiyAlzM2 a (式中、M1は、Ti、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、及びCuからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、M2は、B、P、Ga、Ge、Sn、及びBiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、0≦x≦3.0、3.5≦y≦4.5、2.5≦z≦3.5、0≦a≦1である)で表され、25℃以上の温度で1mΩ・cm以下の電気抵抗率を有する合金からなる金属材料。
3. 上記項1又は2に記載の金属材料又はその焼結体からなるn型熱電変換材料。
4. 上記項3に記載のn型熱電変換材料を含む熱電変換モジュール。
全体に亘って
本発明の金属材料は、組成式:Mn3-xM1 xSiyAlzM2 a (式中、M1は、Ti、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、及びCuからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、M2は、B、P、Ga、Ge、Sn、及びBiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、0≦x≦3.0、3.5≦y≦4.5、2.5≦z≦3.5、0≦a≦1である)で表されるものである。
Mn源としてマンガン(Mn)、Si源としてシリコン(Si)及びAl源としてアルミニウム(Al)を用い、Mn:Si:Al(元素比)=3.0:4.0:3.0となるように原料物質を配合した後、アーク熔解法によりアルゴン雰囲気中で原料を熔融させ、融液を十分に混合した後、室温まで冷却して上記した原料金属成分からなる合金を得た。
原料の種類又は配合割合を変える以外は実施例1と同様の工程により、下記表1に示す組成の焼結成型体を作製した。各原料としては、それぞれの金属単体を用いた。
実施例1~37で得られた各焼結成型体について、下記の方法でゼーベック係数、電位抵抗率、熱伝導度、及び無次元性能指数を求めた。
試料を断面が3~5mm角、長さが3~8mm程度の矩形に成型し、Rタイプ(白金-白金・ロジウム)熱電対を銀ペーストで両端面に接続した。試料を管状電気炉に入れ、100~700℃に加熱し、熱電対を設けた片面にエアポンプを用い室温の空気を当てることで温度差を付け、試料両端面で発生した熱起電力を熱電対の白金線を用い測定した。熱起電力と両端面の温度差によりゼーベック係数を算出した。
試料を断面が3~5mm角、長さが3~8mm程度の矩形に成型し、銀ペーストと白金線を用い両端面に電流端子、側面に電圧端子を設け、直流四端子法により測定した。
試料を幅約5mm、長さ約8mm、厚さ約1.5mmに成型し、レーザーフラッシュ法により熱拡散率と比熱を測定した。これらの数値とアルキメデス法により測定した密度をかけ合わせることで熱伝導度を算出した。
Claims (4)
- 組成式:Mn3-xM1 xSiyAlzM2 a (式中、M1は、Ti、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、及びCuからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、M2は、B、P、Ga、Ge、Sn、及びBiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、0≦x≦3.0、3.5≦y≦4.5、2.5≦z≦3.5、0≦a≦1である)で表され、25℃以上の温度で負のゼーベック係数を有する合金からなる金属材料。
- 組成式:Mn3-xM1 xSiyAlzM2 a (式中、M1は、Ti、V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、及びCuからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、M2は、B、P、Ga、Ge、Sn、及びBiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素であり、0≦x≦3.0、3.5≦y≦4.5、2.5≦z≦3.5、0≦a≦1である)で表され、25℃以上の温度で1mΩ・cm以下の電気抵抗率を有する合金からなる金属材料。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の金属材料又はその焼結体からなるn型熱電変換材料。
- 請求項3に記載のn型熱電変換材料を含む熱電変換モジュール。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180059099.7A CN103262272B (zh) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-12-01 | 具有n型热电转换性能的金属材料 |
| DE112011104153.5T DE112011104153B4 (de) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-12-01 | Thermoelektrisches Wandlermaterial vom n-Typ umfassend ein Metallmaterial oder einen Sinterkörper daraus |
| US13/992,501 US20130256608A1 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-12-01 | METAL MATERIAL HAVING n-TYPE THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION CAPABILITY |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010-272204 | 2010-12-07 | ||
| JP2010272204A JP5608949B2 (ja) | 2010-12-07 | 2010-12-07 | n型熱電変換性能を有する金属材料 |
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| WO2012077578A1 true WO2012077578A1 (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2011/077852 Ceased WO2012077578A1 (ja) | 2010-12-07 | 2011-12-01 | n型熱電変換性能を有する金属材料 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20130256608A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5608949B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103262272B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112011104153B4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012077578A1 (ja) |
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| JP5949347B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2016-07-06 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | n型熱電変換性能を有する金属材料 |
| WO2015130364A2 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-09-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Materials for thermoelectric energy conversion |
| DE102014227033A1 (de) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Thermoelement und Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines solchen |
| EP4099411A4 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2024-01-10 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MODULE |
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| JPH08178758A (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-12 | Yamaha Corp | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP2004349708A (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Headway Technologies Inc | マイクロ素子の冷却方法、磁気再生ヘッドの製造方法、マイクロデバイスおよび磁気再生ヘッド |
| JP2009231638A (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP2011054850A (ja) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-03-17 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3684584A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1972-08-15 | Driver Co Wilbur B | Thermocouple extension wire |
| JPS512478A (ja) * | 1974-06-25 | 1976-01-10 | Nissan Motor | Netsudentsui |
| JP3424180B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-23 | 2003-07-07 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | P型熱発電材料 |
| JP3055418B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 2000-06-26 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| KR100435180B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-28 | 2004-06-11 | 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 | 비수전해질 전지용 음극 재료, 음극, 비수전해질 전지 및비수전해질 전지용 음극 재료의 제조 방법 |
| JP2004006206A (ja) * | 2001-09-28 | 2004-01-08 | Toshiba Corp | 非水電解質電池用負極材料、負極、非水電解質電池及び非水電解質電池用負極材料の製造方法 |
| CN100477311C (zh) * | 2004-07-01 | 2009-04-08 | 阿鲁策株式会社 | 热电转换模块 |
| JP4888685B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2012-02-29 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP4745183B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱電変換材料とそれを用いた熱電変換モジュール |
-
2010
- 2010-12-07 JP JP2010272204A patent/JP5608949B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-12-01 WO PCT/JP2011/077852 patent/WO2012077578A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-01 US US13/992,501 patent/US20130256608A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-01 DE DE112011104153.5T patent/DE112011104153B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-01 CN CN201180059099.7A patent/CN103262272B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08178758A (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 1996-07-12 | Yamaha Corp | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP2004349708A (ja) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Headway Technologies Inc | マイクロ素子の冷却方法、磁気再生ヘッドの製造方法、マイクロデバイスおよび磁気再生ヘッド |
| JP2009231638A (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
| JP2011054850A (ja) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-03-17 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 熱電材料及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103262272A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| US20130256608A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
| JP5608949B2 (ja) | 2014-10-22 |
| DE112011104153B4 (de) | 2019-05-09 |
| CN103262272B (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
| JP2012124243A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
| DE112011104153T5 (de) | 2013-10-10 |
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