WO2012064163A1 - Hydraulic device for producing torque - Google Patents

Abstract

This development is a continuation of the work in the applications PCT/LV-2006/000007, PCT/LV-2008/000001 and PCT/LV-2009/000001 on finding a pure energy source instead of present technologies. This application differs from those mentioned above in that the liquid usable as the working medium should have the minimum possible quantity of gases dissolved therein. Conditions are then created for controlling the enormous internal pressure forces in the liquid, which forces can be created by the total pressure force from the area of the boundary molecular layer of the liquid with the air, and for converting said molecular pressure forces into the forward motion of a rod with the aid of series connected membrane chambers and a heavy-duty hermetically sealed capsule which is filled with pressurized gas and is arranged in a volume of liquid of controllable stress.

Description

 HYDRAULIC DEVICE FOR PRODUCING

 TORQUE

Description of the invention

This development is a continuation of previously proposed hydraulic devices in applications PCT / LV-2006/000007 dated 09/27/2006, PCT / LV-2008/000001 dated 04/03/2008 and PCT / LV - 2009/000001 dated 05/08/2009, where the liquid was considered without taking into account the influence of gases dissolved in it, whereas in this application, based on the regional application P-10 - 152 from 1 1.1 1 2010, this fact is decisive in the choice of device designs. The presence of a voltage in a liquid reaching tens of thousands of atmospheres is a consequence of not only the pressure forces from the external molecular boundary layer of the liquid with vacuum or gas (as well as a non-wetting solid), but also the pressure forces of the boundary layer of liquid molecules from micro bubbles of gases dissolved in it . The aim of this work is to propose viable, efficient hydraulic device designs that use not only the force of gravity, but also the forces of intermolecular interactions. To do this, we determine the voltage in the liquid due to the air dissolved in it. As you know, 1 liter of water contains from 18.68 cm ³ to 29.18 cm ^{3 of} air (at 20 ° C and 0 ° C), where nitrogen is 78.09%, oxygen is 20.95%, argon is 0.93 %, carbon dioxide -0.03%. From this it is clear that the water pressure inside one mole at 17.10 Pa is determined not only by the area of its sphere, but also by the total area of the microbubbles of the gases dissolved in it. Therefore, when calculating the pressure force attributable to one of the boundary fluid molecules, this should be taken into account. It was this circumstance that served as the motive for further deepening into this problem and development new designs. The properties of liquids, in contrast to the properties of a solid, are determined by the presence of, in addition to mass forces (gravity, inertial forces of transport motion, Coriolis forces) and surface forces (pressure forces), the principle of continuity of the jet in steady motion, B. Pascal's law (any change pressure in a liquid at rest is transmitted equally to all points of the space occupied by it), by the normal direction of the pressure vector in the liquid to an arbitrarily oriented platform, by the ratio of pressure and speed in a moving liquid, a drostatic paradox (the same force of liquid pressure at the bottom in vessels with an equal bottom area, but with different capacities at an equal liquid level) and other properties, as well as properties that are exclusively inherent in each liquid. Therefore, the behavior of a liquid in a potential energy field is completely different in comparison with a solid. But this enumeration of the properties of liquids alone determines many options for creating hydraulic devices with obtaining a useful energy gain in different force fields, of which the proposed devices are probably not the best, but giving the direction of the search for the best options. Using these properties allows you to have a gain in the pressure force of the moving bottom (in the membrane chamber) in comparison with the weight of the fluid work when the continuity (continuity) of the fluid ruptures by the valve and its rise to the height of the fluid pressure level. In accordance with the hydrostatic paradox, in view of the cone-shaped configuration (and therefore much smaller volume than the cylinder) of the membrane (working) chamber, the energy consumption for lifting about half the mass of run-off by the height of the liquid level also correspondingly decreases, including due to the magnitude of the dissipative forces . With certain sizes, configuration of working chambers, their combinations, this the gain may be more or less substantial. In one of the aforementioned applications, a combined membrane chamber was proposed, consisting of single chambers sequentially fixed so that, at the height of the same liquid column, on the one hand, the pressure force vectors of the membrane pads are folded due to the sequence of their movement in the direction of the pressure force vectors , and at the same time multiply the path of movement of the resulting force. On the way to increasing the efficiency of using the arising pressure force by reducing the energy to return the discharge to the original height of the liquid column level, there was a proposal to raise the discharge not to the entire value of the column, but only to its part by sequential overflow of liquid in radially arranged rotating pressure tubes. But these designs are complex and ineffective, therefore, in this development, a reduction in the operating path is proposed to reduce the return energy costs due to either raising the pressure tube with liquid by the size of the working path of the membrane chamber, or using an elastic corrugated adapter as a binder between the pressure tube and the membrane chamber variable cross-section for suction from the chambers of extruded discharge or telescopic connection if a hydraulic fluid is used instead of water, as well as Ia waterproof mesh in one of the sidewalls of the cone diaphragm chamber for withdrawal of excess gases and the evaporated water molecules. A special class of hydraulic devices are devices that use the pressure force on the membrane chamber sites arising from the compressive pressure of the boundary layer of liquid at the interface with gas or non-wetting solid material. Here, the liquid can compress up to tens of thousands of atmospheres, depending on the size of the area of the boundary layer, and when the contact region is cut off of the boundary molecular layer from the main stress volume of the fluid, you can get a significant pressure surge on the areas of the membrane chambers due to the elastic expansion of the compressed fluid, devoid of the gases dissolved in it, and, through the sealed membrane chamber, the transmission of the force impulse by the connecting rod to the crankshaft journal and then through the ratchet to output shaft. Due to the fact that water, devoid of gases dissolved in it, loses the ability to compress even more, for the normal filling of the cavities of the membrane chambers, it is necessary to place a sealed metal capsule with gas under pressure in the chamber for creating tension in the liquid, which, when stress is removed from the external molecular layer of water , will provide, expanding, the necessary _t pressure in the membrane chambers and filling their cavities with water. The essence of this development consists, in addition to these points, in reducing the volume of operation and improving the conditions for the removal of gas bubbles from the liquid by inserting a hollow container with waterproof walls (but passing gases) into the cavity of the membrane chamber, the volume of which tracks the volume of the cavity of the membrane chamber due to tight coupling with a connecting rod, which should significantly increase the efficiency of the device and its energy efficiency. Let us consider the operation of hydraulic devices for activating pressure forces using water with a usual concentration of gases dissolved in it as a working fluid. These devices are shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and differ only in the following positions: 4 (corrugated casing), 12 (piston connection) and 16 (selsyn) - in Fig. 1; 19 (telescopic connection), 4 (casing) and 13 (air cavity) - in Fig. 2; 13 and 20 (corrugated tube) - in Fig. 3. Otherwise, their composition is the same: pressure pipe -1, crankshaft 2, gears 3, valve 5, bleed valve 6, bracket 7, membrane chamber 8, mesh wall of the membrane chamber 9, bearing - 10, rod - 1 1, air cavity - 13, box - 14, case - 15, bracket hinge - 17, connecting rod - 18. Unlike previous designs, these devices differ in the presence of grids on the walls of the membrane chambers and a variable air cavity inside the membrane chambers for removing air jams and reducing energy costs for returning the operation. The operation of these devices is as follows. When the valve (5) is opened, the water column of the pressure tube (1) presses on the walls of the membrane-connected chambers (8) in series and with the total pressure force through the brackets (7) of the chambers (8) and the connecting rod (18) acts on the crankshaft journal (2), its rotation through 180 °. Other installations associated with it through gears (3) with a crankshaft (2) and a corresponding phase shift provide a return to the operating time and give stability to the rotation of the crankshaft. In this case, the devices in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have a lower value of run-off due to the variable volume of the air cavity, one (upper end) attached to the valve fitting (5), and the lower part to the movable rod (1 1). The corrugated casing (4) with the valve (6) in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are used to remove excess gases from the system. We tentatively estimate the energy gain by setting certain parameters of the device:

Stat height head N of the tube - 1 m, head pressure P = 10 ⁴ Pa

 The diameter D of the base of the truncated cone of the membrane chamber is 0.2 m

The area S of the side wall of one chamber is 0.03 m

 Stroke L of the rod (connecting rod) - 0.05m

 The course of the working area of each chamber is 0.005m

 Number of cameras - 10 pcs.

The cavity volume of each of the chambers is 0.000075 m ³

Max Piston Volume groups (fig. 1, pos. 4), or chambers V _k - 0,00075m ³

The volume of water in the tube Utr -0,0003m ³

Tube diameter d - 0.01 m Substitution of these values in the formula of the pressure force from the static column of water gives F _K = PS = 300N, while the work of pressure forces A = 10F _K .L = 10.300N.0.05m ^: = 150J. Gravity, tubes (weight), valve with selsyn and water - G = 2Н + 15Н + (ЗН + 15Н) = 35Н, then the work to overcome gravity and squeeze water from the chambers to a height of 0.05 m will be A _n = GL = 35N.0.05m = 1, 75 J, rounded up to about 2 J. It would seem that the value is not decisive, but it may turn out that the installation of a waterproof mesh in the membrane chambers will be insufficient to air the chambers and lose the efficiency of the device. Then the options presented in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, when equipping the membrane chambers (8) with controlled air cavities (13) in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, can solve the problem even at an efficiency of 0.5 s with a shaft speed of 1 Hz provide 75W of power (300W with 4 installations). The considered devices are most suitable for stationary working conditions; for use in tansport, hydraulic devices that use the pressure force in a liquid with the highest possible degree of reduction of dissolved gases in it are most suitable. Such an installation consists of a cylindrical metal reservoir (21) with a waterproof mesh (22) located inside a few millimeters from the cylinder wall forming the cylinder. On the inner side of the mesh (22) there is a metal cylinder with longitudinal cuts (23), inside which a well-ground same cylinder (24) rotates slightly smaller in diameter with cuts along the generatrix wall, with which the holes either coincide or overlap, as in the usual valve, when rotating by means of a selsyn (16) transmission of the angle of rotation of the shaft (2). Inside this 4-layer structure is a membrane capsule (26) with gas under pressure (such as an aneroid box). The entire cavity is filled with water with dissolved gas removed from it in advance. Water in the membrane chamber (8) is connected by connecting tubes through the valve (5) with water in the cavity of the tank (21), bypassing the net (22) and cylinders (23) and (24), and through the valve (25) with the cavity of the adjacent cylinder (21 ) of an installation operating in antiphase with it, and the injection of runoff into this cylinder of an adjacent installation is carried out through a tube (27) into the space between the waterproof mesh (22) and the stationary cylinder (23). The operation of this installation is possible when the air dissolved in it is removed from the liquid, since the voltage in the liquid from its presence and the associated increase in the water-air boundary area due to the merging of air bubbles during pressure drops may not allow pressure switching. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the fraction of stress from gases as applied to the volume of a mole of water. When the volume of a mole of water

 3 3 23

V _M = 0.018.10 ^" m, given N = 6.023.10 - the number of Avogadro, we have the volume

29 3 3 water molecules V _MB = 3.10 ^" m From the formula for the volume of the ball V = 4 / 3.3, 14 R. We have the radius of the mole sphere R = 0,0197M And the water molecules r = 2,335.10 ^{" 10} m, whence the area of the mole sphere and section area of the diameter of water molecules:. S _m = 4πΚ 0.004874m ² = ² and s = ² = 17.1 HBG 199.10 ^"20 m ² _g From define n number of water molecules in the boundary layer and further pressure proportion per one molecule of the boundary layer creating in water

8 Ϊ 6 with a volume of one mole pressure of 17.10 Pa. We find n _r = S _M / s = ^; 2,846.10 molecules, hence Pj = 17.10 ⁸ Pa / 2,846.10 ¹⁶ = 5.97.10 ^"8 Pa. But we did not take into account the fraction of voltage from air microbubbles in water, and the total value of these volumes is (we take the maximum at 0 ° C) in 1 - m mole

108 Па. Казалось бы это небольшая часть от общего давления в моле 17.10° Па , но в устройствах, которые для того и создаются, чтобы получить необходимую мощность, мы должны иметь управляемое давление в больших массах воды (по крайней мере в сотни раз превышающие объём и массу одного моля) и тогда напряжение от соответственно возросшего объёма растворённого воздуха становится проблемой. Решить эту задачу можно предварительным удалением воздуха из воды кипячением её в специальном закрытом сосуде с минимальным контактированием с воздухом и за счёт химических реакций с выпадением окислов в осадок. Зададимся целью определить необходимое давление в пике внутри мембранной камеры с размерами, достаточными для получения мощности на валу W=100KBT при частоте срабатываний мембраны (оборотах вала) 0,5гц. Приняв кпд=0,5, видим, что необходимая работа А=400кДж, а при ходе шатуна 0,05м сила давления на зуб храповика составит F=8.10⁶ Н. При D=0,2M И количестве камер п_к =10 общая площадь давления мембранных камер составит S_K= 0,314м^", откуда давление в них должно составлять Р_к =0,255.10⁸ Па, а объём мембранных камер V_K =0,00785м³. Согласно закону Гука, объём камеры создания напряжения (21 ) во внутрисеточном пространстве (22) должен составлять V_CH =V_K.K/P_y, где К=20,6.10 Па - модуль объёмной упругости воды, а Р_у - управляемое давление во внутрисеточном пространстве для одного моля, определяемое как разность между наружным и внутренним давлением от оставшихся газов, Р_у = Р_м - Р„ = 17.10⁸ Па - 10⁸ Па =16.10⁸ Па. Величина объёма камеры управляемого напряжения составит V_y = 0,01 м³ ,(объём 560 молей) с кратным увеличением растворённых газов и внутреннего давления от него, но, вследствие сжатия внешним давлением, часть этих пузырьков покинет воду, а часть сожмётся до исчезающее малых размеров и установится некое динамическое равновесие давления в воде, соответствующее величине модуля упругости воды К. Поэтому для получения возможности управления периодическим процессом сжатия жидкости необходимо стабилизировать одну константу - минимальное количество воздуха в воде. Поддерживать это можно применением нитей (28) внутри трубок (27) и шероховатого покрытия на внутренних стенках полости (24) из химически активных элементов, связывающих в результате реакций кислород и особенно азот воздуха. Оценим величину внутреннего давления в выбранной нами камере с D = 0,2м. Её объём составляет 4, 187.10^"3м³, объём воздуха 0, 122167.10^"3м³ с радиусом его виртуальной полости 0,0308м, площадью сферы S = V _B = 0.5252.10 ^"6 m ³ , whence r _in = 0.005 m (compare R _M = 0.0197 m), S _b = 0.0003 14 _M. Then the total area bordering the air for the mole is S = S _M + s _B = 0.004874m + 0.000314m ² = 0.005188m ² and n _g = S / s = ЗЛ О ¹⁶ , and the pressure value Pj = 17.10 ⁸ Pa / 3.10 ¹⁶ = 5.7.10 ^"8 Pa. Then, with the number of molecules in the boundary layer of the air bubble n _in = 1, 8.10 ¹⁵ , internal pressure

108 Pa. It would seem that this is a small part of the total pressure in the pier of 17.10 ° Pa, but in devices that are created in order to obtain the necessary power, we must have a controlled pressure in large masses of water (at least hundreds of times the volume and mass of one praying) and then the voltage from the correspondingly increased volume of dissolved air becomes a problem. This problem can be solved by preliminary removing air from the water by boiling it in a special closed vessel with minimal contact with air and due to chemical reactions with the precipitation of oxides. We set ourselves the goal of determining the necessary pressure at the peak inside the membrane chamber with dimensions sufficient to obtain power on the shaft W = 100KBT at a membrane response frequency (shaft speed) of 0.5 Hz. Having adopted the efficiency = 0.5, we see that the necessary work is A = 400 kJ, and with a connecting rod stroke of 0.05 m, the pressure force on the ratchet tooth will be F = 8.10 ⁶ N. At D = 0.2 M And the number of chambers n _k = 10 the pressure of the membrane chambers will be S _K = 0.314 m ^" , whence the pressure in them should be P _k = 0.255.10 ⁸ Pa, and the volume of the membrane chambers V _K = 0.00785 m ^3. According to Hooke's law, the volume of the chamber for creating a voltage (21) in the intranet space (22) should be V _CH = V _K .K / P _y , where K = 20.6.10 Pa is the bulk modulus of water, and P _y is the controlled pressure in the intracellular space for one mole, defined as the difference between the external and internal pressure from the remaining gases, P _y = P _m - P „= 17.10 ⁸ Pa - 10 ⁸ Pa = 16.10 ⁸ Pa. The volume of the chamber of the controlled voltage will be V _y = 0.01 m ³ , (volume 560 moles) with a multiple increase in dissolved gases and internal pressure from it, but, due to compression by external pressure, some of these bubbles will leave the water, and some will be compressed to disappearing small sizes and some kind of dynamic equilibrium of pressure in water will be established, corresponding to the value modulus of elasticity of water K. Therefore, in order to be able to control the periodic process of liquid compression, it is necessary to stabilize one constant - the minimum amount of air in the water. This can be supported by the use of threads (28) inside the tubes (27) and a rough coating on the inner walls of the cavity (24) made of chemically active elements that bind oxygen and especially air nitrogen as a result of the reactions. Let us estimate the internal pressure in our chosen chamber with D = 0.2 m. Its volume is 4, 187.10 ^"3 m ³ , the air volume is 0, 122167.10 ^{" 3} m ³ with a radius of its virtual cavity of 0.0308 m, and a sphere area of S =

 2 16

0.01 19149 m with the number of molecules in the sphere n = 7.10 pcs., Creating an internal pressure of P = 40.10 ⁸ Pa, in the event that undeleted air forms instead of uniformly distributed microbubbles with pressure vectors mutually compensated within the water volume, one or several large air cavities, which does not contradict the physics of the phenomena and can potentially affect the stress in the liquid due to an increase in the diameters of extremely compressed bubbles at the time of sharp pressure drops due to a change in the area of the boundary layer. Judging by the manifestation of the opalescence phenomenon, microbubbles of air are evenly distributed across the water column and, therefore, a decrease to 10-15% of their concentration in the liquid should also reduce the area of their sticking to the inner surface of the cavity (24) with the liquid and thereby reduce the uncontrolled voltage component many times in liquid from the boundary molecular layer. As shown above, the installation can fully work at a control pressure of (2.5-3) 10 ⁷ Pa. Let us estimate the degree of air removal when creating a voltage of 15.10 Pa. Calculations by the number of molecules in the shell of the bubbles give n _n = 15.10 ⁸ na / s = 15.10 ⁸ na / 5,7.10 ^"8 na = 2,63.10 ^{, 6} pieces, the size of the sphere S _{C (t)} = sn _n = 17, 1 199.10 ^"20 M ² .2.63.10 ¹⁶ pcs = 45.10 ^{" 4} m ² , radius g = 0.0189m, whence the volume of the virtual bubble is 0.0282.10 ^"3 m ³ or 23% of the average air volume. To reduce the voltage in the water from gases to 10 ⁹ Pa, the same calculation gives that the degree of removal of air from the water should be 12.6%, which is technically The operation of the device consists in obtaining the necessary torque on the shaft (2) by changing the pressure of the water, which is poured with the air removed from its volume, into the tank (21), namely, in its volume limited by a waterproof grid (22) by switching off from touches mesh basics when rotating inside the cylinder (23) with longitudinal holes of another, well-ground with it and having the same holes, this creates a variable pressure in the water, which through the synchronously opening valve (5) allows the expanding liquid to penetrate into the cavity of the membrane chambers ( 8), thereby creating a working stroke of the connecting rod (18) .As a result of the removal of gases from the water, its compressibility decreases even more, therefore, to ensure a normal connecting rod movement in the cavity bounded by gratings (23) and (24), there is a capsule (26) having some th aftereffect (delay) after overlapping grids (23) and (24) 0.1 -0, 15sec, with gas under pressure and such volume that ensures the membrane into the cavity under sufficient fluid pressure chambers. From the cavity of the membrane chamber (8) at the time of the return stroke of the connecting rod, operation through the opened valve (25) through the tube (27) with the threads (28) located inside it from the active elements entering into chemical interaction with the gas residues enters the reservoir (21) adjacent installation operating in antiphase. This release enters the cavity between the waterproof mesh (22) and the grilles (23) and (24). In addition, for the case of a certain flow rate of dehydrated liquid and the equalization of its quantity in paired units, an equalizing valve (29) is provided with any type of liquid feeding regulator corresponding to any type.

Claims

 CLAIM Claim 1: A hydraulic device for activating pressure forces in a liquid, caused by the pressure of its column, characterized in that the liquid column located in a rigid tube of small cross section located above a periodically opening valve acts on a system of sequentially conjugated membrane chambers through movable brackets for transmitting the forces resulting pressure forces on the pyramidal walls or walls of the truncated cones of the membrane chambers made of a continuous waterproof material, but at the points of separation of liquid air, having waterproof nets for removing excess gases from the liquid, woven from strong, flexible polymer or metal threads, after closing the valve, it is lifted together with the valve under the action of a rod fixed to the membrane of the lowest membrane chamber due to rotation of the crankshaft connected to the membrane, and due to the fact that the cavities of the conjugate membrane chambers are connected with the valve and the pressure pipe with the liquid through the hole in the piston, when the valve is closed, squeezing out of the cavities of the liquid chambers in the form of a run, it is performed not to the height of the liquid column in the pressure tube, but to the sub-piston space by the working stroke of the lower diaphragm with the stem, while the angle of rotation of the valve is synchronized with the angle of rotation of the crankshaft by a selsyn gear, and excessive airing is eliminated by application airtight corrugated covers with vent valves for the promotion of the flywheel on the crankshaft by the battery starting system through the bendix.  A.2. A system of series-connected membrane chambers that convert the pressure in the fluid to the movement of the crankshaft connecting rod of a hydraulic device, characterized in that in it there is a hollow metal capsule with watertightness, fixed to its upper part with the neck of the chamber at the point of its connection with the fluid supply pipe, in it walls made in the form of a grid, the mesh of which is not square, but diamond-shaped, which allows to compress and expand in the plane of the grid and thereby change how the volume occupied by the capsule and the surface of the capsule due to the fixing of intermittent rings of two diameters from the inside, which will make it possible to release the volume under the discharge already in the chamber itself, and, due to the communication of the lower part of the capsule with the atmosphere, remove excess air from the liquid, which reduces the efficiency of the device . P.Z. A hydraulic device for activating pressure forces from a pressure column of liquid, different from the hydraulic device according to claim 1, in that the pressure pipe with liquid and a shut-off valve are fixedly mounted on a common base with a system of membrane chambers and their cavities are connected by telescopically connected pipes through an opening in the piston due to which, when lifting the piston, operation from the membrane chambers fills the sub-piston space, which accordingly increases due to a decrease in the volume of the capsule compressible by the floor m stem associated with a lower end of the lower diaphragm membrane system cameras, wherein the telescoping connection all enclosed in a hermetic box with an exhaust valve, avoiding the expense of a reduced pressure airing system. Π. 4. The hydraulic device for activating the pressure forces in the liquid differs from the hydraulic device according to claim 3 in that the membrane chamber system in it is connected to the pressure pipe not with the help of telescopic pipes, but with corrugated pipes articulated by two different sections, of which one, of a smaller diameter, serves in as an extension pipe, and the other, of a larger diameter, with a lower end connected with the fitting of the membrane chamber system, is connected with the rod to the crankshaft connecting rod, serves to change the volume of its cavity to accommodate the load during working stroke fluid. A.5. The hydraulic device for activating the pressure forces in the liquid, due to the presence of molecular pressure forces in it at the boundary with the vacuum or gas, is made in the form of a sealed cylindrical tank, inside of which, retreating from the inner wall of the cylinder by 1–2 mm, the waterproof mesh along the side generatrices of the cylinder is fixedly fixed so that with a gap of several mm, another metal cylinder with slots several mm wide and a length of fixedly fixed at the ends of the outer cylinder with it This is the length of the generatrix and a well-polished inner surface, which ensures an almost lapping fit with the same cylinder inserted into the inside with similar holes rotating due to the connection with the crankshaft axis by a gear or selsyn gear on half shafts inserted into the holders in the ends of the outer cylinder, through the end of which the filling liquid (water) with a volume of several hundred moles (to realize tens of kW) enters the cavity of the membrane chamber system, the lower membrane of which acts through the connecting rod blows onto the crankshaft, and the cavities of which are connected to the reservoir by a separation valve, the core of which synchronously monitors the angle of rotation of the crankshaft axis and the moments of overlap or opening slots in front of a waterproof metal mesh, in the internal cavity of which there is water with at least 10% content of usually present diluted gases extracted from it, and having an input into the cavity between the mesh and the cylinder with slots for supplying the release of the connected hydraulic system through a special a valve from a system of membrane chambers made of gas-tight materials, and the connecting tube must have longitudinal threads of chemically active elements inside for binding to solid oxide ate nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, which somewhat reduces the already low compressibility of the liquid and is compensated by the placement of a special capsule inside the cylinder that creates tension in the liquid, which has some aftereffect after overlapping the gratings (by 0.1 -0.15 sec.), with gas under pressure and in such a volume as to ensure that the cavities of the membrane chambers are filled with the necessary amount of liquid in the working cycle under the necessary pressure, and the cavity between the waterproof mesh and the external cylinder through the bleed valve must be It is knitted with an exhaust device to maintain a certain negative pressure, and the cavity with a liquid of controlled voltage must have a special valve to make up, if necessary, with a liquid devoid of gases.