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WO2012060689A1 - Appareil de filtration d'eau doté d'un lavage à contre-courant automatique - Google Patents

Appareil de filtration d'eau doté d'un lavage à contre-courant automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012060689A1
WO2012060689A1 PCT/MY2011/000224 MY2011000224W WO2012060689A1 WO 2012060689 A1 WO2012060689 A1 WO 2012060689A1 MY 2011000224 W MY2011000224 W MY 2011000224W WO 2012060689 A1 WO2012060689 A1 WO 2012060689A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
siphon
pipe
filtration
upper chamber
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/MY2011/000224
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English (en)
Inventor
Moon Tuck Mak
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2012060689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012060689A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/24—Specific pressurizing or depressurizing means
    • B01D2313/243—Pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/04—Backflushing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to installations for treating water, and more specifically to a water filtration apparatus using a filter membrane that is incorporated with an automatic backwash.
  • the present invention seeks to ameliorate the aforementioned disadvantages by providing an apparatus that can produce extended amounts of clean water with or without the need for electricity using a membrane filtration apparatus that is able to self regulate the backwashing process.
  • the apparatus includes a membrane water filter comprising an upper chamber, a lower chamber, and a single or plurality of filter membranes separating said upper and lower chambers.
  • the filter membranes are attached on a mounting plate via locking mechanisms, the mounting plate then positioned in between the upper and lower chambers.
  • the filter membranes have an upstream side facing the lower chamber and a downstream side facing the upper chamber.
  • a feed system feeds water to the water filter comprising a vertical feed cylinder and having a feed inlet at an intermediate point along the length of the feed cylinder for receiving unfiltered water and a feed outlet close to the bottom of said feed cylinder for expelling said unfiltered water into the lower chamber.
  • a backwash system comprising a siphon pipe with one end in fluid connection to a bottom end of lower chamber, said siphon pipe then rising to a siphon point and then doubling back downwards and opening into a rectangular weir.
  • An ejector system comprising a series of interconnected pipes with a first end in fluid connection with siphon pipe at a point lower than siphon point, a second end in fluid connection with siphon pipe at siphon point, and a third end opening into the rectangular weir.
  • the said interconnected pipes are designed such that any fluid entering first end will fall downwards and through the ejector to exit into the third end and in so doing create a suction at the second end.
  • a cup located at a lower end of upper chamber comprising a receptacle with a top opening.
  • a siphon break line comprising an elongated pipe with an upper end in fluid connection with siphon pipe at siphon point and a lower end opening into and within said cup.
  • the filter membranes become progressively less permeable at the upstream side, thus causing the water level to rise in both the feed cylinder and the siphon pipe until the water starts flowing into the said first end of the ejector system, causing the ejector system to expel all the air from within the siphon pipe, thus initiating the backwash mode, whereupon unfiltered water from the feed cylinder cleans the upstream side of the filter membranes before being sucked out via the siphon pipe, in what is called an out-to-out backwash.
  • This isolating valve allows ejector pipes to be filled manually to accelerate the start of said siphon.
  • the rectangular weir allows fine tuning of the start of the backwash mode.
  • This invention also relates to an apparatus for water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle comprising: a membrane water filter comprising an upper chamber, a lower chamber, and at least one filter membrane separating said upper and lower chambers, said at least one filter membrane having an upstream side facing the said lower chamber and a downstream side facing the said upper chamber, wherein during a filtration mode, unfiltered water is fed into said lower chamber via an inlet and passes via the said at least one filter membrane into the said upper chamber to become product water, thereafter exiting said upper chamber via an exit pipe, said exit pipe located close to a top of said upper chamber; a feed system for feeding water to said membrane water filter comprising an incoming feed line in fluid connection with a hydro-pneumatic vessel and subsequently to a feed outlet, a pressure switch able to sense the pressure within said vessel; a drainage means comprising a drainage pipe connected at one end to a lower portion of said lower chamber and the other end draining out externally, and a motorized valve for controlling the flow within said drainage pipe, said motorized valve activated
  • An air blower can be provided to introduce air bubbles into the lower chamber for scouring said filter membranes.
  • the air blower can either be manually or automatically activated.
  • This invention also relates to an apparatus for water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle comprising: a lower chamber; an upper chamber located above said lower chamber, and in fluid communication with said lower chamber; at least one connecting pipe, said at least one connecting pipe establishing the said fluid communication between said upper chamber and said lower chamber; at least one filter membrane located inside said lower chamber and dividing said lower chamber into a top section and a bottom section, each said section only fluid communicable to the other via said filter membrane, said at least one filter membrane having an upstream side facing said bottom section and a downstream side facing said top section, wherein during a filtration mode, unfiltered water is fed into said bottom section via an inlet and passes via the said at least one filter membrane into the said top section to become product water, thereafter flowing upwards into said upper chamber via said at least one connecting pipe, and exiting said upper chamber via an exit pipe, said exit pipe located
  • This invention further relates to a method of water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle comprising the steps of:
  • said ejector system comprising a series of interconnected pipes with a first end in fluid connection with said siphon pipe at a point lower than said siphon point, a second end in fluid connection with said siphon pipe at said siphon point, and a third end opening into said rectangular weir, said series of interconnected pipes designed such that any water entering said first end will fall downwards and through the ejector to exit into said third end and in so doing create a suction at the said second end, said emptying triggered when said level of unfiltered water in said siphon pipe reaches said first end; and f.
  • siphon break line comprising an elongated pipe with an upper end in fluid connection with said siphon pipe at said siphon point and with said lower end opening into and within a cup, said cup located at a lower end of said upper chamber, hence switching water filter back to said filtration mode.
  • This method may further comprise the step of introducing externally stored product water back into the upper chamber during a planned or manual backwash cycle and adding a cleaning solution to the product water prior to this backwash cycle, then opening a manual isolating valve to drain off the upstream water in the said lower chamber and replacing it with said cleaning solution mixed water from the upper chamber, with the level of cleaning solution mixed water in the lower chamber kept just below the top of the said lower chamber, and allowing the cleaning solution mixed water to soak through the membranes for around 30 minutes, then rinsing the membranes through feed-filtration- manual drain cycles until the water is substantially free of cleaning solution.
  • the cleaning solution can be any of chlorine, alkali, or acid solutions.
  • This invention further relates to a filter component for use in a water filtration apparatus comprising: a mounting plate, said mounting plate sandwiched between an upstream and a downstream side of said water filtration apparatus, said mounting plate designed to be removable from said water filtration apparatus in a repeatable fashion; filter membranes located on said mounting plate, said filter membranes providing the filtering means between the said upstream and downstream sides.
  • each filter membrane is secured to the mounting plate by a locking mechanism.
  • This invention is not limited to filtration of drinking water but in fact of any other suitable fluids such as industrial fluids, waste water, and seawater.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a hopper-bottomed water filter with automatic backwash system in a first embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a flat-bottomed water filter with a feed tank, automatic backwash system together with air-blower for air scouring and a manual isolating valve in a second embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a hopper-bottomed water filter with a hydro- pneumatic tank, interlocking pressure switch and motorized valve, backwash system and air blower for air scouring in a third embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the filter membrane mounting plate system in a first embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 5 shows example configurations of filter membranes in an embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a water filter with automatic backwash system in a fourth embodiment of this invention.
  • Figure 7 shows the filter membrane mounting plate system in a second embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an apparatus for water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle in a first embodiment of this invention comprising an upper chamber (4), a lower chamber (2), and a single or plurality of filter membranes (31 ) separating said upper (4) and lower (2) chambers.
  • the filter membranes (31 ) are attached on a mounting plate (3) via locking mechanisms (as shown in Figures 4 and Figure 7), the mounting plate (3) then positioned in between the upper and lower chambers.
  • the filter membranes (31 ) have an upstream side facing the lower chamber (2) and a downstream side facing the upper chamber (4).
  • the filter membranes (31 ) extend into the said lower chamber (2).
  • a feed system (1 ) feeds unfiltered water to said lower chamber (2) and comprises a substantially vertical feed cylinder (10) and a feed inlet (1 1 ) at an intermediate point along the length of said feed cylinder (10) for receiving said unfiltered water and a feed outlet (12) close to the bottom of said feed cylinder for expelling said unfiltered water into said lower chamber (2), said feed outlet (12) in fluid communication with said inlet (21 ).
  • a backwash system comprises: a siphon pipe (5) with one end of said siphon pipe in fluid connection to a bottom end of said lower chamber (2), said siphon pipe then rising to a siphon point (531 ) and then doubling back downwards and opening into a rectangular weir (61 ).
  • An ejector system (51 ) comprising a series of interconnected pipes with a first end (511 ) in fluid connection with siphon pipe (5) at a point lower than siphon point (531 ), a second end (512) in fluid connection with siphon pipe at siphon point, and a third end (513) opening into the rectangular weir.
  • a cup (44) is located at a lower end of said upper chamber (4), said cup comprising a receptacle with a top opening.
  • a siphon break line (53) comprises an elongated pipe with an upper end (531 ) in fluid connection with said siphon pipe (5) at said siphon point (531 ) and a lower end (532) opening into and within said cup (44).
  • the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) becomes progressively less permeable at the said upstream side, thus causing the water level to rise in both the said feed cylinder (10) and the said siphon pipe (5) until the water starts flowing into the said first end (511 ), in turn causing the said ejector system (51 ) to expel all the air from within the said siphon pipe (5).
  • This then initiates the "out-to-out" backwash mode, whereupon unfiltered water from the feed cylinder (10) cleans the said upstream side of the at least one filter membrane (31) and the lower chamber (2) before being sucked out via the siphon pipe (5).
  • the said unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to the said feed outlet (12) level which results in the unfiltered water falling from the said feed inlet ( 1 ), thus inducing a stream of air bubbles to said inlet (21 ), said air bubbles enhancing cleaning of the said membranes. This continues until the unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to a level that is lower than the level of said product water (42) in the upper chamber (4).
  • the diameter of the said siphon pipe (5) is larger than the diameter of the said interconnected pipes of the ejector system (51 ) and the diameter of the said elongated pipe of the siphon break line (53).
  • the water filtration with automatic backwash cycle device comprises an upper chamber (4), a flat bottomed lower chamber (2), and a single or plurality of filter membranes (31 ) separating said upper (4) and lower (2) chambers.
  • the filter membranes (31 ) are attached on a mounting plate (3) via locking mechanisms (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 7).
  • the mounting plate (3) is positioned between the upper (4) and lower (2) chambers.
  • the filter membranes (31 ) have an upstream side facing the lower chamber (2) and a downstream side facing the upper chamber (4).
  • the filter membranes (31 ) extend into the said lower chamber (2).
  • unfiltered water is fed into said lower chamber (2) via an inlet (21 ) and passes via the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) into the said upper chamber (4) to become product water, thereafter exiting said upper chamber (4) via an exit pipe (42), said exit pipe located close to a top of said upper chamber (4).
  • a feed system (1 ) feeds unfiltered water to said lower chamber (2) and comprises a substantially vertical feed cylinder (10) and a feed inlet (11) at an intermediate point along the length of said feed cylinder (10) for receiving said unfiltered water and a feed outlet (12) close to the bottom of said feed cylinder for expelling said unfiltered water into said lower chamber (2), said feed outlet (12) in fluid communication with said inlet (21 ).
  • a feed tank (14) is connected to the top of the said vertical feed cylinder (10).
  • a backwash system comprises: a siphon pipe (5) with one end of said siphon pipe in fluid connection to a bottom end of said lower chamber (2), said siphon pipe then rising to a siphon point (531) and then doubling back downwards and opening into a rectangular weir (61 ).
  • An ejector system (51) comprising a series of interconnected pipes with a first end (511 ) in fluid connection with siphon pipe (5) at a point lower than siphon point (531 ), a second end (512) in fluid connection with siphon pipe at siphon point, and a third end (513) opening into the rectangular weir.
  • a cup (44) is located at a lower end of said upper chamber (4), said cup comprising a receptacle with a top opening.
  • a siphon break line (53) comprises an elongated pipe with an upper end (531) in fluid connection with said siphon pipe (5) at said siphon point (531) and a lower end (532) opening into and within said cup (44).
  • the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) becomes progressively less permeable at the said upstream side, thus causing the water level to rise in both the said feed cylinder (10) and into the said feed tank (14) and siphon pipe (5) until the water starts flowing into the said first end (51 1 ), in turn causing the said ejector system (51 ) to expel all the air from within the said siphon pipe (5).
  • This then initiates the "out-to-out" backwash mode, whereupon unfiltered water from the feed tank (14) and feed cylinder (10) cleans the said upstream side of the at least one filter membrane (31 ) and the lower chamber (2) before being sucked out via the siphon pipe (5).
  • the said unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to the said feed outlet (12) level which results in the unfiltered water falling from the said feed inlet (1 1 ) thus inducing a stream of air bubbles to said inlet (21 ), said air bubbles enhancing cleaning of the said membranes (31). This continues until the unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to a level that is lower than the level of said product water (42) in the upper chamber (4).
  • the diameter of the said siphon pipe (5) is larger than the diameter of the said interconnected pipes of the ejector system (51 ) and the diameter of the said elongated pipe of the siphon break line (53).
  • a manual or automated motorized isolating valve (22) said isolating valve allowing control of backwash, especially useful for repeat enhanced backwashing, with or without the aid of air scouring and anti-fouling chemicals such as mild chlorine, acid and alkali.
  • Another manual or automated motorized isolating valve (23) could also be used as a desludging or cross flow device when handling highly turbid water, e.g. > 500 NTU.
  • the said valve (23) is kept partially opened to allow a controlled and continuous bleeding of the more turbid water at the lowest end of lower chamber (2) to be drained unfiltered.
  • an apparatus for water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle in a third embodiment of this invention comprising an upper chamber (4), a lower chamber (2), and at least one filter membrane (31 ) separating said upper (4) and lower (2) chambers.
  • the at least one filter membrane (31 ) are attached on a mounting plate (3) via locking mechanisms (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 7), the mounting plate (3) then positioned in between the upper (4) and lower (2) chambers.
  • the at least one filter membrane (31 ) have an upstream side facing the lower chamber (2) and a downstream side facing the upper chamber (4).
  • the at least one filter membrane (31 ) extends into the said lower chamber (2).
  • a feed system (1 ) feeds unfiltered water to said lower chamber (2) and comprises an incoming feed line (10) in fluid connection to a hydro-pneumatic vessel (71 ), another fluid connection to a pressure switch / pressure indicator (72) and a feed outlet (12) for expelling said unfiltered water into said lower chamber (2), said feed outlet (12) in fluid communication with said inlet (21 ).
  • the pressure switch (72) is a hydraulically actuated electrical switch that is actuated when the back pressure in the lower chamber (2) reaches the pre-determined set point.
  • the actuation of the pressure switch (72) sends an electrical signal to open a motorized valve (73).
  • This motorized valve (73) controls a drainage pipe (74) that is connected at a first end (741 ) to the bottom end of said lower chamber (2) and at a second end (742) to the drain.
  • the motorized valve has a manual override which allows for manual control of backwashing when opened manually.
  • the pressure in lower chamber (2) will increase progressively to allow part of the incoming feed water to enter and stored inside the hydro-pneumatic vessel (71 ) eventually causing the said vessel to reach its predetermined stored volume of feed water and pressure set-point; also in turn, causing the pressure switch (72) to be activated and the motorized valve (73) to discharge the water through the drainage pipe (74).
  • the stored water in pneumatic vessel (71 ) and that of the continuous in-coming feed water flows into the lower chamber (2) and out through the drainage pipe (74) to start an "out-to-out" backwash cycle.
  • an optional air blower (80) which can be activated during the backwash mode, pumps air into the said lower chamber (2) and creates air bubbles as a scouring medium to better clean the said membranes (31 ).
  • a filter component for use in a water filtration apparatus comprising a mounting plate (3), said mounting plate sandwiched between an upstream and a downstream side of said water filtration apparatus, said mounting plate designed to be removable from said water filtration apparatus in a repeatable fashion.
  • At least one filter membrane (31 ) is located on said mounting plate, said at least one filter membrane providing the filtering means between the said upstream and downstream sides.
  • Each of the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) is secured to the said mounting plate (3) by a locking mechanism (32).
  • a handle (33) is fixed to each filter membrane (31 ) to facilitate removal from the mounting plates (3).
  • Figure 5 shows examples of how the filter membranes (31 ) are arranged within each mounting plate (3).
  • practically any number of filter membranes (31 ) can be installed.
  • the number of filter membranes (31 ) is based on the turbidity and required output of the device, being able to customize the number of filter membranes (31 ) is very useful.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown an apparatus for water filtration with an automatic backwash cycle in a fourth embodiment of this invention comprising a separate upper chamber (4) and lower chamber (2), and either a plurality of filter membranes (31) or a single filter membrane housed within the said lower chamber (2).
  • Each filter membrane (31 ) is attached on a common mounting plate (3) via locking mechanisms as shown in Figure 4 or a rubber mounting piece shown in Figure 7.
  • the mounting plate (3) is positioned to separate the lower chamber into two sections; the bottom section (2a) for unfiltered feed water and the top section (2b) for filtered product water.
  • the filter membranes (31 ) have an upstream side facing the bottom section (2a) of the lower chamber (2) and a downstream side feed into the top section (2b) of the lower chamber (2).
  • the filter membranes (31 ) extend into the said bottom section (2a) of lower chamber (2).
  • unfiltered water is fed into said bottom section (2a) of lower chamber (2) via an inlet (21 ) and passes via the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) out from the bottom section (2a) of lower chamber (2) and into the fop section (2b) of lower chamber (2) as product water, thereafter exiting said top section (2a) of chamber (2) via an outlet pipe (2c), said outlet pipe located around the highest point of top section (2b) of lower chamber (2).
  • the diameter of the outlet pipe (2c) is at least equal if not larger than the diameter of the siphon pipe (5).
  • the product water flows though outlet pipe (2c) into the said upper chamber (4) and in fluid connection with product inlet connector (41 ) located near bottom of said upper chamber. After product water has filled to its designed volume in upper chamber (4), it will exit the said upper chamber via an exit pipe (42), said exit pipe (42) located close to the top of said upper chamber (4). Product water can also flow from the highest point of top section (2b) of lower chamber (2) straight to the exit pipe (42).
  • a feed system (1 ) feeds unfiltered water to said lower chamber (2) and comprises a substantially vertical feed cylinder (10) and a feed inlet (1 1 ) connected closed to the top of said feed cylinder (10) for receiving said unfiltered water and a feed outlet (12) close to the bottom of said feed cylinder for expelling said unfiltered water into said lower chamber (2), said feed outlet (12) in fluid communication with said inlet (21 ).
  • a backwash system comprises: a siphon pipe (5) with one end of said siphon pipe in fluid connection to a bottom end of said lower chamber (2), said siphon pipe then rising to a siphon point (531 ) and then doubling back downwards and opening into a rectangular weir (61 ).
  • An ejector system (51 ) comprising a series of interconnected pipes with a first end (51 1 ) in fluid connection with siphon pipe (5) at a point lower than siphon point (531 ), a second end (512) in fluid connection with siphon pipe at siphon point, and a third end (513) opening into the rectangular weir.
  • the said interconnected pipes are designed such that any fluid entering first end (51 1 ) will fall downwards through its dropper (514) to feed the ejector (515) and through the ejector to exit into the third end (513) and in so doing create a suction at the second end (512).
  • a cup (44) is located at a lower end of said upper chamber (4), said cup comprising a receptacle with a top opening.
  • a siphon break line (53) comprises an elongated pipe with an upper end (531 ) in fluid connection with said siphon pipe (5) at said siphon point (531 ) and a lower end (532) opening into and within said cup (44).
  • the said at least one filter membrane (31 ) becomes progressively less permeable at the said upstream side, thus causing the water level to rise in both the said feed cylinder (10) and the said siphon pipe (5) until the water starts flowing into the said first end (51 1 ), in turn causing the said ejector system (51 ) to expel all the air from within the said siphon pipe (5).
  • This then initiates the "out-to-out" backwash mode, whereupon unfiltered water from the feed cylinder (10) cleans the said upstream side of the at least one filter membrane (31 ) and the lower chamber (2) before being sucked out via the siphon pipe (5).
  • the said unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to the said feed outlet (12) level which results in the unfiltered water falling from the said feed inlet (1 1 ), thus inducing a stream of air bubbles to said inlet (21 ), said air bubbles enhancing cleaning of the said membranes. This continues until the unfiltered water level in the said feed cylinder (10) falls to a level that is lower than the level of said product water (42) in the upper chamber (4).
  • the flow rate through the said filter membrane (31 ) during the backwash mode is at least twice the flow rate during the filtration mode.
  • the diameter of the said siphon pipe (5) is larger than the diameter of the said interconnected pipes of the ejector system (51 ) and the diameter of the said elongated pipe of the siphon break line (53).
  • a manual isolating valve (22), said manual isolating valve allowing control of manual backwash, especially useful for repeat enhanced backwashing, with or without the aid of air scouring and anti-fouling chemicals such as mild chlorine, acid and alkali.
  • the said manual isolating valve (22) could also be replaced with either a motorized or solenoid valve, to be used in conjunction with a timer or pressure differential switch to automatically induce backwashing according to adjustable and preset time or pressure differential.
  • a filter component for use in a water filtration apparatus comprising a mounting plate (3), said mounting plate sandwiched between an upstream and a downstream side of said water filtration apparatus, said mounting plate designed to be either irremovable (permanently welded) or removable from said water filtration apparatus in a repeatable fashion.
  • a single or plurality of filter membranes (31 ) is located on said mounting plate, said filter membranes providing the filtering means between the said upstream and downstream sides.
  • a ring shaped flexible rubber mounting piece (35) is located between each filter membrane (31 ) and the mounting plate (3), and is secured by a band clamp (36).
  • the filter membranes are not limited to a particular type but can be any of: microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes and nanofiltration membranes.
  • the materials used in the construction of the water filter apparatus for all embodiments are extensive and can be a combination of, but are not limited to, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene, glass reinforced plastic, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, stainless steel, carbon steel, other non-ferrous metals and concrete.
  • the water filter can be either a gravity system or a pressurized system. This invention is not limited to filtration of drinking water but in fact of any other suitable fluids such as industrial fluids, waste water, and seawater.
  • the shape of the upper and lower chambers can be configured to suit the site. They can be made into any shape, including round, square, rectangular, and L-shaped. These versatile shapes also apply to the configuration of the common mounting plate and arrangements of the membranes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil destiné à la filtration de l'eau doté d'un cycle de lavage à contre-courant automatique, comprenant un filtre à eau à membrane comprenant une chambre supérieure (4), une chambre inférieure (2), et une seule ou une pluralité de membranes filtrantes (31) séparant lesdites chambres supérieure (4) et inférieure (2). Après une période où l'appareil se trouve en mode de filtration, les membranes filtrantes (31) deviennent progressivement moins perméables, faisant en sorte qu'un conduit à siphon (5) initie un mode de lavage à contre-courant, lors duquel l'eau non filtrée provenant d'un cylindre d'alimentation (10) nettoie le côté en amont des membranes filtrantes (31) avant d'être aspirée par l'intermédiaire du conduit à siphon (5). Après cela, l'eau s'écoule vers le bas depuis la chambre supérieure (4) vers la chambre inférieure (2), car la direction d'écoulement à travers les membranes filtrantes (31) est inversée. Ce lavage à contre-courant se poursuit jusqu'à ce que le niveau d'eau dans la chambre supérieure (4) descende à un point qui provoque une rupture dans le siphon, entraînant un retour au mode de filtration.
PCT/MY2011/000224 2010-11-03 2011-10-14 Appareil de filtration d'eau doté d'un lavage à contre-courant automatique Ceased WO2012060689A1 (fr)

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CN103272419A (zh) * 2013-05-07 2013-09-04 山东大学 纳米材料自动过滤机及使用方法
WO2014065648A1 (fr) * 2012-10-25 2014-05-01 Mak Moon Tuck Appareil de filtration d'eau à lavage à contre-courant automatique
WO2014097317A3 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-12-04 Srinivasan Ramachandran Puddukarai Filtre intégré autonettoyant multi-étage
WO2017007298A1 (fr) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-12 Moon Tuck Mak Moyen de création de contre-pression dans un filtre à eau de lavage à contre-courant automatique
CN108211472A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-06-29 海宁市倍世环保科技有限公司 带正冲洗和反冲洗功能的外压式前置过滤器
CN108525369A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-14 程声通 无阀过滤系统以及用于过滤系统的联锁器
CN112499727A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-16 杭州求是膜技术有限公司 一种用于水处理的无阀超滤净水系统
CN113149139A (zh) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-23 浙江开创环保科技股份有限公司 一种附气洗的自清洗超滤净水系统
CN118666445A (zh) * 2024-06-13 2024-09-20 湖南祁林冰泉饮品有限责任公司 一种天然饮用水处理系统及其处理工艺

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CN107935273A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-04-20 河南碧波环保设备有限公司 重力式设备智能控制反冲洗污水处理系统
WO2022065626A1 (fr) * 2020-09-23 2022-03-31 주식회사 지엔에스엔지니어링 Appareil de traitement de polluants souterrains utilisant l'énergie éolienne et appareil de purification d'eaux souterraines comportant une fonction de lavage à contre-courant à économie d'énergie

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US3841485A (en) * 1972-05-08 1974-10-15 Permutit Co Inc Automatically backwashed gravity filter
JPS61197004A (ja) * 1985-02-25 1986-09-01 Ebara Corp 濾過装置の運転方法
EP0602560A1 (fr) * 1992-12-16 1994-06-22 Kubota Corporation Cartouche à membrane filtrante

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014065648A1 (fr) * 2012-10-25 2014-05-01 Mak Moon Tuck Appareil de filtration d'eau à lavage à contre-courant automatique
CN104853824A (zh) * 2012-10-25 2015-08-19 穆恩·塔克·迈克 具有自动反洗的水过滤设备
AU2012378698B2 (en) * 2012-10-25 2015-10-01 Moon Tuck Mak Water filtration apparatus with automatic backwash
CN104853824B (zh) * 2012-10-25 2016-10-19 穆恩·塔克·迈克 具有自动反洗的水过滤设备
WO2014097317A3 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-12-04 Srinivasan Ramachandran Puddukarai Filtre intégré autonettoyant multi-étage
CN103272419A (zh) * 2013-05-07 2013-09-04 山东大学 纳米材料自动过滤机及使用方法
WO2017007298A1 (fr) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-12 Moon Tuck Mak Moyen de création de contre-pression dans un filtre à eau de lavage à contre-courant automatique
CN108525369A (zh) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-14 程声通 无阀过滤系统以及用于过滤系统的联锁器
CN108211472A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-06-29 海宁市倍世环保科技有限公司 带正冲洗和反冲洗功能的外压式前置过滤器
CN112499727A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-16 杭州求是膜技术有限公司 一种用于水处理的无阀超滤净水系统
CN113149139A (zh) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-23 浙江开创环保科技股份有限公司 一种附气洗的自清洗超滤净水系统
CN118666445A (zh) * 2024-06-13 2024-09-20 湖南祁林冰泉饮品有限责任公司 一种天然饮用水处理系统及其处理工艺

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