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WO2012059373A1 - Procédé, agent à projeter et dispositif de traitement d'un élément structural - Google Patents

Procédé, agent à projeter et dispositif de traitement d'un élément structural Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012059373A1
WO2012059373A1 PCT/EP2011/068729 EP2011068729W WO2012059373A1 WO 2012059373 A1 WO2012059373 A1 WO 2012059373A1 EP 2011068729 W EP2011068729 W EP 2011068729W WO 2012059373 A1 WO2012059373 A1 WO 2012059373A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blasting
liquid
particles
component
irradiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/068729
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Gegner
Wolfgang Nierlich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Publication of WO2012059373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012059373A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method, a blasting medium and a device for treating a component.
  • the z. B. metallic or ceramic materials is operated under high cyclic load.
  • Examples include axle, wheel, joint, crank, drive, extruder, camshafts, connecting rods, steering and piston parts, clutch plates, pins, bushings, stub axles, drills, screws, levers, leaf springs, rollers, roller bearings and gears.
  • the fatigue strength of such components therefore determines their life.
  • the increase in fatigue strength is a suitable measure to reduce the material stress (fatigue) and to increase the service life or life. In the event of additional tribological stress, often an improvement of the wear resistance also contributes to an extension of the service life.
  • EP 1 195 414 A1 describes a process for the preparation of liquid pigment preparations.
  • a suspension of a crude pigment, prepigments and / or pigment in a flocculation-stabilizing, liquid medium injected in a microjet reactor through nozzles in a housing space enclosed by a reactor chamber to a common collision point, via an opening in the housing in the reactor chamber, a gas or a vaporizing liquid for Maintaining a gas atmosphere in the reactor chamber is initiated.
  • the resulting liquid pigment preparation and the gas or the vaporized liquid are removed from the reactor through a further opening in the housing by overpressure on the gas inlet side or by negative pressure on the product and gas outlet side.
  • EP 0 385 484 A1 deals with a method for matting glass objects.
  • hollow illumination glass bodies are irradiated with a fine-grained abrasive under pressure.
  • the abrasion agent is in the form of an aqueous suspension and is irradiated onto the surface of the glass article at a pressure of 20-400 MPa.
  • EP 1 253 241 A2 discloses a method and a device for introducing feature substances into a still moist, but already sufficiently solidified paper web and provides for guiding a feature substance suspension to the surface of the paper web as a laminar jet with low jet pressure.
  • a special pressure control circuit it is achieved that the jet pressure is always constant independently of the number of feature substance suspension jets conveyed parallel to the paper web. This makes it possible to introduce a wide variety of line codes under the same process conditions in paper, without causing visible changes in the fiber structure in the paper.
  • WO 0 3/004219 A1 discloses a method for removing material arranged in the interior of a workpiece in the region of a bore intersection.
  • at least one beam-generating unit for generating a substance jet interacts with a directional unit, which is arranged in the interior of the workpiece and comprises a reflection element, for directing the material jet onto the area of the bore intersection.
  • the beam generating unit and the straightening unit are formed as separate components, wherein the beam generating unit is introduced into a first bore of the workpiece and the straightening unit in a second bore of the workpiece.
  • DE 102004 062 774 B3 describes a method for treating a component comprising a material of crystalline, semi-crystalline or amorphous structure, in which at least part of a surface of the component is blasted with an oil jet for surface-hardening, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • a disadvantage of the known concepts is therefore that the life of the components, especially under dynamic loads, can not be increased substantially enough.
  • the action depth is limited to the very near-surface edge layer region (eg a few 10 ⁇ m for hardened steels).
  • the known concepts allow an abrasive machining of the surface of a component, but are not concerned with increasing its life under cyclic loads.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved concept for increasing the life of a component.
  • the object is achieved by a method, a blasting medium and a device according to the independent patent claims.
  • the blasting agent in the Art is chosen such that any abrasive effect that may occur during the irradiation fails, or remains in the effect behind the above effect, in which the residual stress state changes and compressive residual stress is generated or increased in the workpiece substantially. It is therefore an essential idea of the present invention to select the blasting agent in such a way that, during the irradiation, mainly the residual stress state of the workpiece is changed in the direction of pressure and abrasion effects, ie chipping off effects, are greatly reduced or avoided.
  • a non or slightly corrosive liquid may be used, e.g. Oil, hydraulic fluid or water.
  • a non or slightly corrosive liquid e.g. Oil, hydraulic fluid or water.
  • cast iron, hard metal, ceramic, glass, sand or other materials can be used, which are present for example in the most spherical shape possible.
  • particles that have blunt surfaces can just make sure that in the collision with the material of this material is not superficially removed, but its compressive residual stress is increased.
  • this can be further promoted by the fact that the friction which arises when the particles hit the component or material is reduced by the liquid blasting medium.
  • the particle diameter eg the mean ball diameter
  • the particle diameter can determine the depth profile of the relevant reference stress of von Mises below the surface of the treated workpiece (Hertz shear contact), with which embodiments can allow adjustment of the residual stress distribution within certain limits and thus tailoring the hardening beam.
  • a temperature control of the liquid, the particles, the liquid-solid suspension (blasting agent) or the component can serve.
  • Embodiments may also provide, in addition to differently sized particles / particles of a material (eg steel) as a solid jet component (possibly additionally) also different particle materials (eg steel and hard metal and / or ceramic as well as other combinations) or material states (eg different hard steel structure). This allows the process to be further optimized and tailor-made.
  • a material eg steel
  • a solid jet component possibly additionally
  • different particle materials eg steel and hard metal and / or ceramic as well as other combinations
  • material states eg different hard steel structure
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device for suspension solidification radiation.
  • FIG 2 shows an embodiment of an apparatus for injector solidification blasting.
  • the invention liquid-solid-solidification blasting to increase the fatigue strength, as other methods of mechanical surface treatment (eg shot blasting, impact drums or deep rolling) to further increase the intended Dmckeigenschreibsante also under bias of the workpiece as a corresponding voltage process variant can be performed.
  • An inhibitory effect on a growth of a crack of a length 2a can be understood on the basis of a stress intensity factor K describing the stress (ie, mode I stress): where ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1 and G ES mean an (applied outer) load or residual stress and 7-1 a geometry factor dependent on the crack shape.
  • K describing the stress ie, mode I stress
  • G ES mean an (applied outer) load or residual stress
  • 7-1 a geometry factor dependent on the crack shape.
  • Compressed compressive stresses can be considered here with a negative sign and then act as a load reduction.
  • a similar relationship applies to the cyclic stress intensity factor.
  • fatigue cracks occur predominantly at or near the surface, residual compressive stresses introduced in the surface layer can hinder the cracking and growth and thus lead to the desired increase in the service life.
  • the induced plastic flow can additionally lead to strain hardening (increase in the dislocation density), which can be expressed in a different increase in hardness depending on the material (eg, only slightly in the case of hardened steels).
  • Embodiments may make use of liquid abrasive suspension blasting (liquid ASS), in particular of water abrasive suspension blasting, or of injector blasting (IS).
  • liquid ASS liquid abrasive suspension blasting
  • IS injector blasting
  • normal-pressure, high-pressure and high-pressure water jets can be distinguished, for example under pressures of up to 50, 200 or 600 MPa (corresponding to 500/2000 / about 6000 bar). With ultra-high pressure water jets, jet speeds of up to approx. 1000 m / s can be achieved in a focused free jet.
  • Suspension blasting can be used for erosive cutting (pure and abrasive waterjet cutting) and drilling, asphalt conditioning in road construction, sewer rehabilitation, soil decontamination, concrete removal, crushing or stripping (removal of mostly metallic layers).
  • the particle size may be uniform or varying, for example, be selected between 10 ⁇ and 10 mm, preferably between a few 100 ⁇ and a few mm.
  • Embodiments are not limited to particles of spherical shape, since the particles may be such that the effect achieved in the irradiation in interaction with the jet liquid, superficially or substantially increases the compressive residual stress of the device.
  • Conceivable here are many types of particles, which are usually more likely to have blunt surfaces, since edged surfaces usually favor an abrasive effect, whereby in each case an interaction with the blasting liquid and its friction-reducing property must be taken into account. Embodiments may also allow use of different sized particulates.
  • the proportion of the blasting particles can be, for example, up to 1% by volume, 10% by volume, 30% by volume or 50% by volume in exemplary embodiments.
  • the particles may have a spherical shape and / or a diameter of 10 ⁇ m - 10 mm. Furthermore, the particles may have a different size, comprise different materials and / or be present in different material states. All of these combination options allow a more precise coordination of the method, or a tailoring of the method to the particular circumstances, in particular an adaptation to the nature of the component.
  • the component, the liquid, the particles and / or the liquid-solid suspension (blasting agent) can be brought to a certain temperature level before the irradiation.
  • the temperature level may be both above and below the ambient temperature in embodiments.
  • the component, the liquid and / or the particles can be heated or cooled before the irradiation.
  • Liquid and / or added solid abrasive (particles) and / or workpiece can also be heated actively in embodiments for the process, at elevated temperature (be preferably up to about 400 ° C and without loss of hardness of the workpiece) are held. It is also conceivable to heat only the liquid and then just to heat the supplied particles with the liquid. Consequently, an inverted embodiment is conceivable in which only the particles are heated and the liquid is indirectly heated by the particles. It can also be the liquid-solid suspension (abrasive) heated altogether.
  • all materials in particular metallic and ceramic materials, can be treated.
  • the device may be biased during irradiation. It is thus also possible to prestress the workpiece (for example an inner ring of a roller bearing) during the treatment, as a result of which the process is operated with the aim of further increasing the generation of compressive residual stress in the variant of the voltage beam.
  • embodiments may include a device 100,200 for treating a device having a direction of sealing 115,215 for generating an abrasive 120, the abrasive 120 comprising a liquid 110,210 and particles 240 wherein the liquid 110,210 and particles 240 are configured such that that during the irradiation of the surface of the component substantially the residual stress state of the component is changed in the direction of pressure, in particular, compressive residual stresses in the surface layer of the component can be increased.
  • the apparatus 100, 200 further comprises means 130, 230 for irradiating at least part of the surface of the component with the blasting agent 120 in order to change the inherent stress state of the component, in particular for generating residual compressive stresses.
  • a device 100 as shown in FIG. 1 is used to carry out the method of treating a device.
  • Fig. 1 shows the corresponding device 100 to which a jet liquid 110, such as oil, and correspondingly solid particles are supplied. It then forms a suspension 120, which contains both the jet liquid and the particles and is shown in FIG. 1 on the right side. It should also be noted that in the illustration of Fig. 1, the isolated particles are not shown as a solid blasting agent without the liquid, since they are already in the liquid 110. From the suspension 120, a hardening jet 140 can then be formed in a suspension nozzle 130. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, an arrangement is shown, which allows to determine the pressure of the hardening beam via the pressure of the jet liquid 110. This is achieved by passing part of the blasting liquid 110 through a corresponding container for mixing with the particles (see right hand side of the feeder in FIG.
  • a jet liquid 110 such as oil
  • the construction may in principle be oriented in embodiments to the construction of a device for water abrasive suspension blasting (WASS), with the difference that in embodiments the suspension comprises a liquid and particles as described above.
  • WASS water abrasive suspension blasting
  • the suspension can be subjected directly to (high) pressure or fed to a liquid flow.
  • Embodiments therefore also include the use of a device for water abrasive suspension blasting for carrying out the method for treating a component in which at least part of the surface of the component is irradiated with a blasting agent 120 to generate residual compressive stresses, wherein the blasting agent comprises a liquid 110 and particles, wherein the liquid 110 and the particles are configured in such a way that, when the surface of the component is irradiated, essentially the inherent voltage state of the component is changed, in particular the compressive residual stress of the component is increased.
  • a second embodiment of a device 200 is shown in FIG.
  • the device 200 is based on a device for water abrasive injection jet (WAIS), again with the difference that in embodiments liquid 210 (eg oil) and solid abrasive 240 (jet particles, particles) are mixed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a liquid nozzle 220, a Strahlfokus sierrohr 230 and a hardening beam 250.
  • the solidification is done for example by a filter station, a high-pressure pump and jet unit (nozzle and focusing systems).
  • the solid particles 240 may be added to the liquid jet 220 in the device 200, this is done in Fig. 2 in the region 215 z. B. taking advantage of the suction effect (see, water jet pump).
  • the outgoing jet 250 may additionally contain air, which in embodiments may also be a larger amount of air, for example> 1% by volume,> 10% by volume,> 30% by volume or> 50% by volume.
  • Embodiments therefore also include the use of a device for water abrasive injector blasting for carrying out the method for treating a component in which at least part of the surface of the component is irradiated with a blasting medium to generate residual compressive stresses in the edge layer, wherein the blasting agent comprises a liquid 210 and particles 240 wherein the liquid 210 and the particles 240 are configured such that upon irradiation of the surface of the device substantially the residual stress state changes in the direction of pressure, d. H. Compressive residual stress is generated or increased in the surface layer of the component.
  • the workpiece or component can be treated to avoid chemical reactions (aging), in particular of the blasting liquid 110, 210 under protective gas.
  • the device can be irradiated under protective gas.
  • Beam suspension 120, jet fluid 110, 210 and / or jet particle 240 and / or workpiece can also be heated in exemplary embodiments.
  • the Blasting agent can be used in embodiments in a circuit, possibly the reuse of the blasting agent in a cycle in embodiments, for example, precede a cleaning or sieving.
  • the devices 100, 200 may be used in a circulatory system.
  • the treated surface can be treated simultaneously by the abrasive action of the blasting agent itself or an additionally added abrasive agent (eg ceramic particles, glass particles or garnet sand as a fine powder with particle sizes of around 100 ⁇ m) carried by the jet (eg. Hydroabrasive / drop impact) material removal, ie
  • the abrasive can also be supplied to an abrasive. This makes it possible, for example, to reduce or avoid a mechanical processing of functional surfaces following the blasting, for example by grinding and / or honing.
  • the use of the solid abrasive to increase the compressive stress of the material or component on the one hand and the addition of the abrasive on the other hand allows improved control over the two different effects, so that a better process economy is made possible.
  • the regular task is to treat surfaces without any solidification being the main objective.
  • examples of such processes are cleaning, roughening (inter alia for bonding processes) or deburring.
  • the proposed method of suspension and liquid-solid injector jet can z. B. as cleaning, cleaning, polishing, compaction or smoothing jets or blasting (deburring) can be used.
  • the smaller particle sizes are preferred.
  • An advantage of the embodiments using, for example, slurry or injector solidification blasting resides in a combination of the effectiveness of for example, ball and liquid jets. Due to the liquid, the outermost edge region can be subjected to low compressive stresses to a depth of a few 10 ⁇ m. The use of varying jet particles can also optimize this graded impact and further improve the uniformity of the beam result. This results in a synergy effect.
  • a further advantage of the exemplary embodiments can be the lower energy loss due to friction when the jet particles strike the workpiece surface as a result of the liquid precursor (eg oil). This can result in more effective build-up of residual compressive stresses and less wear (less post-processing necessary to achieve the insert surface quality) as compared to unlubricated shot peening. Again, there is a synergy effect.
  • the liquid precursor eg oil
  • the blasting process can be carried out at elevated temperature of jet suspension or blasting fluid and / or blasting particles, and / or workpiece.
  • the micro structure can be stabilized, which can cause a renewed increase in life under cyclic mechanical stress.
  • the workpiece may also be post-heated after a blast treatment at room temperature or only after subsequent mechanical surface treatment to set a desired roughness for a period of time (eg, 10 minutes to 2 hours) with a comparable effect. This is preferably done at a temperature at which there is no significant loss of hardness.
  • any materials may occur for the device.
  • the wear resistance can also be increased by mechanical surface or boundary layer consolidation.
  • further synergy effects of liquid and solid irradiation can be exploited.
  • the high velocity liquid jet e.g. B. at Inj ect radiation be used to accelerate the beam particles, but this can also contribute to the process result itself, z. B. at near-natural Druckeigenschreibs- construction, friction reduction, possibly heating.
  • the blasting fluid can guide the blasting particles at high speed (momentum transfer) to the workpiece surface, the blasting liquid can be heated and focused.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un concept de traitement d'un élément structural, selon lequel un agent à projeter (120) est projeté sur au moins une partie de la surface de l'élément structural pour produire des contraintes internes de compression, l'agent à projeter comprenant un liquide (110; 210) et des particules (240). Selon l'invention, le liquide (110; 210) et les particules (240) sont configurés de manière à modifier sensiblement l'état de contrainte interne de l'élément structural lors de leur projection sur la surface de ce dernier.
PCT/EP2011/068729 2010-11-03 2011-10-26 Procédé, agent à projeter et dispositif de traitement d'un élément structural Ceased WO2012059373A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010043285 DE102010043285A1 (de) 2010-11-03 2010-11-03 Verfahren, Strahlmittel und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines Bauelements
DE102010043285.7 2010-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012059373A1 true WO2012059373A1 (fr) 2012-05-10

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PCT/EP2011/068729 Ceased WO2012059373A1 (fr) 2010-11-03 2011-10-26 Procédé, agent à projeter et dispositif de traitement d'un élément structural

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DE (1) DE102010043285A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012059373A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK2801443T3 (en) * 2013-05-07 2016-02-01 Phibo Ind Bvba Treatment medium for the treatment of surfaces in stainless steel or other metal surfaces, method for treatment of surface of stainless steel or other metal surfaces using such treatment medium and ...
FR3067620B1 (fr) 2017-06-19 2019-08-02 Constellium Issoire Toles minces en alliage d'aluminium-cuivre-lithium pour la fabrication de fuselage d'avion
DE102017219248A1 (de) 2017-10-26 2019-05-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Bauteils

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH107215A (de) * 1923-09-17 1924-10-01 Meurer Nicolaus Verfahren zum Verdichten der Oberfläche von nach dem Metallspritzverfahren hergestellten Überzügen auf Werkstücken.
EP0385484A1 (fr) 1989-03-02 1990-09-05 Osvetlovaci Sklo, Statni Podnik Procédé pour rendre mats des objects en verre, en particulier dans un but d'éclairage
US6099391A (en) * 1996-03-18 2000-08-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for highly strengthening metal member
GB2351463A (en) * 1999-06-07 2001-01-03 Honda Motor Co Ltd Process for the surface treatment of a connecting rod
EP1195414A1 (fr) 2000-10-05 2002-04-10 Clariant GmbH Procédé pour la production de préparations pigmentaires liquides
EP1253241A2 (fr) 2001-04-27 2002-10-30 Giesecke & Devrient GmbH Procédé et dispositif pour insérer des éléments de sécurité dans une bande de papier
WO2003004219A1 (fr) 2001-07-04 2003-01-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif pour enlever un materiau situe a l'interieur d'une piece
DE102004062774B3 (de) 2004-12-21 2006-03-30 Aktiebolaget Skf Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Bauelements und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
DE102007045423A1 (de) * 2007-09-21 2009-04-02 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Verfestigung der Oberfläche eines Kraftfahrzeug-Fahrwerksbauteils aus Metall

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH107215A (de) * 1923-09-17 1924-10-01 Meurer Nicolaus Verfahren zum Verdichten der Oberfläche von nach dem Metallspritzverfahren hergestellten Überzügen auf Werkstücken.
EP0385484A1 (fr) 1989-03-02 1990-09-05 Osvetlovaci Sklo, Statni Podnik Procédé pour rendre mats des objects en verre, en particulier dans un but d'éclairage
US6099391A (en) * 1996-03-18 2000-08-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for highly strengthening metal member
GB2351463A (en) * 1999-06-07 2001-01-03 Honda Motor Co Ltd Process for the surface treatment of a connecting rod
EP1195414A1 (fr) 2000-10-05 2002-04-10 Clariant GmbH Procédé pour la production de préparations pigmentaires liquides
EP1253241A2 (fr) 2001-04-27 2002-10-30 Giesecke & Devrient GmbH Procédé et dispositif pour insérer des éléments de sécurité dans une bande de papier
WO2003004219A1 (fr) 2001-07-04 2003-01-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif pour enlever un materiau situe a l'interieur d'une piece
DE102004062774B3 (de) 2004-12-21 2006-03-30 Aktiebolaget Skf Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Bauelements und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
DE102007045423A1 (de) * 2007-09-21 2009-04-02 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Verfestigung der Oberfläche eines Kraftfahrzeug-Fahrwerksbauteils aus Metall

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