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WO2012055386A1 - Shifting device and gearbox - Google Patents

Shifting device and gearbox Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012055386A1
WO2012055386A1 PCT/DE2011/001836 DE2011001836W WO2012055386A1 WO 2012055386 A1 WO2012055386 A1 WO 2012055386A1 DE 2011001836 W DE2011001836 W DE 2011001836W WO 2012055386 A1 WO2012055386 A1 WO 2012055386A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
shaft
actuator
longitudinal axis
switching device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2011/001836
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Vetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neumayer Tekfor Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Neumayer Tekfor Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neumayer Tekfor Holding GmbH filed Critical Neumayer Tekfor Holding GmbH
Publication of WO2012055386A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012055386A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D11/02—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member
    • F16D11/04—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member with clutching members movable only axially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/04—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways with a shaft carrying a number of rotatable transmission members, e.g. gears, each of which can be connected to the shaft by a clutching member or members between the shaft and the hub of the transmission member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/12—Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D2011/002—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts using an external and axially slidable sleeve for coupling the teeth of both coupling components together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/12—Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such
    • F16D2023/123—Clutch actuation by cams, ramps or ball-screw mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3089—Spring assisted shift, e.g. springs for accumulating energy of shift movement and release it when clutch teeth are aligned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. coupling sleeves or other means establishing coupling to shaft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device for a manual transmission of a vehicle, having at least one shaft which has a longitudinal axis, with at least one gear wheel, with at least one
  • Shaping element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft shifts.
  • the invention relates to a gearbox with a switching device according to the invention.
  • a manual transmission provides in the drive train of a vehicle for the
  • two shafts are generally provided which pairs gears with
  • a gear fixedly connected to a shaft and the associated other gear is releasably connectable to the other shaft.
  • the detachable connection takes place for example via a claw or a sliding sleeve.
  • Such a shift sleeve as a form-locking element is moved in the prior art usually via a shift fork as a switching element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft to a gear on or interpreted.
  • the force for the displacement must be applied by an additional system. This is associated with costs, space requirements and weight.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an alternative switching device for a manual transmission while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention solves the problem by the fact that the switching element has at least one sleeve-like element, that the sleeve-like element is axially displaceable along the longitudinal axis of the shaft, wherein the sleeve-like element and the positive-locking element configured and successive
  • Form-fitting element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes and that between the positive-locking element and the sleeve-like element and / or between the shaft and the sleeve-like element at least one
  • Torque is transferable, that the switching element comprises at least one actuator, wherein the actuator is in an activated state in interaction with the sleeve-like element, and wherein the actuator causes, at least in an activated state, an axial displacement of the sleeve-like member along the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
  • the sleeve-like element and the positive-locking element are designed and matched to one another such that the sleeve-like element is displaceable axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft relative to the positive-locking element.
  • An embodiment includes, in particular, that the sleeve-like element has at least one profile, and that the actuator in the activated state in conjunction with the profile of the sleeve-like element, the axial
  • Displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes.
  • Profile of said embodiment for example, an outer profile, which is configured in particular in a variant circumferentially around the sleeve-like element.
  • the profile may be recesses or elevations or, for example, around
  • Structures that allow displacement with electromagnetic force eg lines with magnetized material.
  • it is in the Profile around a circumferential groove, in which engages the actuator, for example in the form of a pin.
  • the actuator itself can be actuated electromechanically, for example.
  • the profile can also have elevations, which e.g. a pen-like actuator in an inactive position
  • the actuator is spherical or at least one locking is done by balls. In one embodiment, it is provided in particular that the actuator along the
  • the actuator essentially performs only one movement in the direction of the sleeve-like element or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the sleeve-like element is arranged at least partially coaxially around the positive-locking element around.
  • An embodiment of the invention includes that the sleeve-like element has at least one stop facing the positive-locking element, and that the positive-locking element has at least one stop facing the sleeve-like element.
  • Spring element is provided which an axial displacement along the longitudinal axis of the shaft between the sleeve-like element and the
  • the sleeve-like element is thus resiliently mounted for example on the Form gleicheiement.
  • the sleeve-like element is also displaced when in the Gears of the gear wheel and the positive-locking element facing teeth. If there is a gap between the teeth, the sleeve-like element moves by the spring effect.
  • An embodiment of the invention includes that the spring element between the stop of the sleeve-like element and the stop of the positive-locking element is arranged.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the profile of the sleeve-like element at least partially consists of a circumferential around the sleeve-like element depression, in which engages the actuator, at least in the activated state.
  • the profile and the actuator are designed and matched to one another such that a movement along the longitudinal axis of the shaft results from the rotational movement of the sleeve-like element.
  • An embodiment of the invention includes that the switching element has at least one two-actuator, which - in particular according to an embodiment in conjunction with the profile of the sleeve-like element - causes an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element, which
  • the Zweitaktor causes a laying of the gear or the insertion of another gear by the movement of the sleeve-like element in the other axial
  • Positive locking element is a sliding sleeve or a switching claw.
  • FIGS. 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a switching device
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the switching device of FIG. 1 at idle
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 stages of engagement of a gear on the basis of the section of Fig. 2, and
  • Fig.6 a moment during the laying out of the corridor.
  • a switching device according to the invention is shown.
  • a form-locking element 3 is arranged, depending on the chosen gear the positive connection between one of the two gear wheels 2 and arranged here below the form-fitting element 3, fixed to the shaft. 1 Connected gear manufactures. For the axial displacement of the
  • Positive locking element 3 along the longitudinal axis 1.1 is the
  • Positive locking element 3 coaxially surrounded by a sleeve-like element 11.
  • the sleeve-like element 11 forms with the actuator 12 at least a part of the switching element 10 of the switching device according to the invention.
  • the sleeve-like element 11 has a profile 11.1, which is designed here in the form of circumferential grooves.
  • the sleeve-like element 11 itself is designed such that it communicates with the shaft 1 and with the
  • Positive locking element 3 rotates.
  • the here exemplified pin-shaped actuator 12 is closer in the direction of
  • the sleeve-like element 11 coaxially surrounds the interlocking element 3.
  • the positive-locking element 3 has a stop 3.1, which is directed outward, ie in the direction of the sleeve-like element 11, and which is designed here in the form of a centrally mounted nose.
  • the sleeve-like element 11 has at its two
  • End faces each have a stop 1 .2, which inward, i. the positive connection element 3 faces.
  • Forming element 3 is in each case a spring element 4.
  • the two spring elements 4 are designed and arranged such that a relative movement between the form-fitting element 3 and sleeve-like
  • Element 11 leads to a tension or relaxation of the spring element 4. From the profile 11.1 of the sleeve-like element 1 1 1 three grooves can be seen, which are connected by the circumferential configuration according to each other.
  • the actuator 12 is moved perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 1 .1 of the shaft 1 in the direction of the shaft 1, ie brought closer, until the pen-like actuator 12 in the profile 1 1.1 and thus in this embodiment engages in the circumferential groove of the sleeve-like member 11 (see Fig. 3).
  • the shaft 1 at substantially the same height. Since the sleeve-like element 11 rotates with the shaft 1, the rotation of the sleeve-like element 11 is partially converted into an axial displacement along the longitudinal axis 1.1 by the actuator 12 and in particular by the configuration of the profile 11.1.
  • Fig. 6 is a stage of laying out the left-hand gear 2
  • the two-actuator 13 engages in the profile 11.1 of the sleeve-like element 11 and thereby displaces the element 11 from the right

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a shifting device for a gearbox in a vehicle, having a shaft (1), a gearwheel (2), a positive locking element (3) and a shifting element (10). According to the invention, the shifting element has an axially displaceable sleeve-like element (11), wherein an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element causes an axial movement of the positive locking element along the longitudinal axis (1.1) of the shaft, wherein a torque can be transmitted between the positive locking element and the sleeve-like element and/or between the shaft and the sleeve-like element. Furthermore, the shifting element has an actuator (12) which, in an activated state, interacts with the sleeve-like element and, in an activated state, causes an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The invention also relates to a gearbox.

Description

Schaltvorrichtung und Schaltgetriebe  Switching device and manual transmission

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltvorrichtung für ein Schaltgetriebe eines Fahrzeugs, mit mindestens einer Welle, welche eine Längsachse aufweist, mit mindestens einem Gangrad, mit mindestens einem The invention relates to a switching device for a manual transmission of a vehicle, having at least one shaft which has a longitudinal axis, with at least one gear wheel, with at least one

Formschlusselement zur Erzeugung einer kraft- und Positive locking element for generating a force and

drehmomentübertragenden Verbindung zwischen der Welle und dem torque transmitting connection between the shaft and the

Gangrad, und mit mindestens einem Schaltelement, welches das Gear wheel, and with at least one switching element which the

Formschlusselement axial längs der Längsachse der Welle verschiebt. Shaping element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft shifts.

Weiterhin bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Schaltgetriebe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung. Furthermore, the invention relates to a gearbox with a switching device according to the invention.

Ein Schaltgetriebe sorgt im Antriebsstrang eines Fahrzeugs für die A manual transmission provides in the drive train of a vehicle for the

Übersetzung der Motordrehzahl auf die Antriebsdrehzahl. Hierfür sind im Allgemeinen zwei Wellen vorgesehen, welche Zahnräderpaare mit Translation of the engine speed to the drive speed. For this purpose, two shafts are generally provided which pairs gears with

unterschiedlichen Übersetzungsverhältnissen aufweisen. Dabei ist have different gear ratios. It is

üblicherweise jeweils ein Zahnrad fest mit einer Welle verbunden und das zugehörige andere Zahnrad ist lösbar mit der anderen Welle verbindbar. Die lösbare Verbindung erfolgt beispielsweise über eine Klaue oder über eine Schaltmuffe. Eine solche Schaltmuffe als Formschlusselement wird im Stand der Technik zumeist über eine Schaltgabel als Schaltelement axial längs der Längsachse der Welle verschoben, um einen Gang ein- bzw. auszulegen. Die Kraft für das Verschieben muss dabei von einem zusätzlichen System aufgebracht werden. Dies geht mit Kosten, Bauraumbedarf und Gewicht einher. Usually in each case a gear fixedly connected to a shaft and the associated other gear is releasably connectable to the other shaft. The detachable connection takes place for example via a claw or a sliding sleeve. Such a shift sleeve as a form-locking element is moved in the prior art usually via a shift fork as a switching element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft to a gear on or interpreted. The force for the displacement must be applied by an additional system. This is associated with costs, space requirements and weight.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine alternative Schaltvorrichtung für ein Schaltgetriebe unter Vermeidung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik vorzuschlagen. Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe dadurch, dass das Schaltelement mindestens ein hülsenartiges Element aufweist, dass das hülsenartige Element axial längs der Längsache der Welle verschiebbar ist, wobei das hülsenartige Element und das Formschlusselement derartig ausgestaltet und aufeinander The object of the invention is to propose an alternative switching device for a manual transmission while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art. The invention solves the problem by the fact that the switching element has at least one sleeve-like element, that the sleeve-like element is axially displaceable along the longitudinal axis of the shaft, wherein the sleeve-like element and the positive-locking element configured and successive

abgestimmt sind, dass eine axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle eine axiale Bewegung des are coordinated that an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft, an axial movement of the

Formschlusselements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt und dass zwischen dem Formschlusselement und dem hülsenartigen Element und/oder zwischen der Welle und dem hülsenartigen Element mindestens ein Form-fitting element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes and that between the positive-locking element and the sleeve-like element and / or between the shaft and the sleeve-like element at least one

Drehmoment übertragbar ist, dass das Schaltelement mindestens einen Aktor aufweist, wobei der Aktor in einem aktivierten Zustand in Wechselwirkung mit dem hülsenartigen Element steht, und wobei der Aktor zumindest in einem aktivierten Zustand eine axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt. Eine Variante sieht vor, dass das hülsenartige Element und das Formschlusselement derartig ausgestaltet und aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass das hülsenartige Element axial längs der Längsache der Welle relativ zum Formschlusselement verschiebbar ist. Eine Ausgestaltung beinhaltet insbesondere, dass das hülsenartige Element mindestens ein Profil aufweist, und dass der Aktor in dem aktivierten Zustand in Verbindung mit dem Profil des hülsenartigen Elements die axiale  Torque is transferable, that the switching element comprises at least one actuator, wherein the actuator is in an activated state in interaction with the sleeve-like element, and wherein the actuator causes, at least in an activated state, an axial displacement of the sleeve-like member along the longitudinal axis of the shaft. A variant provides that the sleeve-like element and the positive-locking element are designed and matched to one another such that the sleeve-like element is displaceable axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft relative to the positive-locking element. An embodiment includes, in particular, that the sleeve-like element has at least one profile, and that the actuator in the activated state in conjunction with the profile of the sleeve-like element, the axial

Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt. In der Erfindung wird die Drehbewegung der Welte für das Displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes. In the invention, the rotational movement of the worlds for the

Verschieben des Formschlusselements (Schaltmuffe oder -klaue) ausgenutzt. Daher ist nur noch die Energie zum Aktivieren des Aktors erforderlich. DasDisplacement of the form-fitting element (sliding sleeve or claw) exploited. Therefore, only the energy to activate the actuator is required. The

Profil der genannten Ausgestaltung ist beispielsweise ein Außenprofil, welches insbesondere in einer Variante umlaufend um das hülsenartige Element ausgestaltet ist. Je nach Ausgestaltung des Aktors kann es sich bei dem Profil um Vertiefungen oder Erhöhungen handeln oder beispielsweise um Profile of said embodiment, for example, an outer profile, which is configured in particular in a variant circumferentially around the sleeve-like element. Depending on the configuration of the actuator, the profile may be recesses or elevations or, for example, around

Strukturen, die eine Verschiebung mit elektromagnetischer Kraft erlauben, z.B. Linien mit magnetisiertem Material. In einer Variante handelt es sich bei dem Profil um eine umlaufende Nut, in welche der Aktor z.B. in Form eines Stiftes eingreift. Der Aktor selbst kann z.B. elektromechanisch betätigt werden. Structures that allow displacement with electromagnetic force, eg lines with magnetized material. In one variant, it is in the Profile around a circumferential groove, in which engages the actuator, for example in the form of a pin. The actuator itself can be actuated electromechanically, for example.

Zusätzlich zu Vertiefungen kann das Profil auch Erhebungen aufweisen, welche z.B. einen stiftähnlichen Aktor in eine inaktive Position In addition to depressions, the profile can also have elevations, which e.g. a pen-like actuator in an inactive position

zurückbewegen. Ein Verharren des Aktors bzw. des hülsenartigen Elements nach dem Verschieben des Formschlusselements in einer Endposition ist insbesondere in den Fällen nicht erforderlich, in denen die Verbindung zwischen Gangrad und Formschlusselement z.B. über Hinterschnitte (sog. Dog teeth) gesichert ist. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung ist der Aktor kugelförmig oder zumindest eine Arretierung erfolgt durch Kugeln. In einer Ausgestaltung ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass der Aktor längs der move back. A persistence of the actuator or the sleeve-like element after the displacement of the positive-locking element in an end position is not required in particular in those cases in which the connection between the gear wheel and positive-locking element, e.g. is secured by undercuts (so-called dog teeth). In an alternative embodiment, the actuator is spherical or at least one locking is done by balls. In one embodiment, it is provided in particular that the actuator along the

Längsachse der Welle axial fest angeordnet ist. Somit führt der Aktor im Wesentlichen nur eine Bewegung in Richtung des hülsenartigen Elements bzw. senkrecht zur Längsachse der Welle aus. Longitudinal axis of the shaft is axially fixed. Thus, the actuator essentially performs only one movement in the direction of the sleeve-like element or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das hülsenartige Element zumindest abschnittsweise koaxial um das Formschlusselement herum angeordnet ist. An embodiment of the invention provides that the sleeve-like element is arranged at least partially coaxially around the positive-locking element around.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beinhaltet, dass das hülsenartige Element mindestens einen dem Formschlusselement zugewandten Anschlag aufweist, und dass das Formschlusselement mindestens einen dem hülsenartigen Element zugewandten Anschlag aufweist. An embodiment of the invention includes that the sleeve-like element has at least one stop facing the positive-locking element, and that the positive-locking element has at least one stop facing the sleeve-like element.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass mindestens ein An embodiment of the invention provides that at least one

Federelement vorgesehen ist, welches eine axiale Verschiebung längs der Längsachse der Welle zwischen dem hülsenartigen Element und dem Spring element is provided which an axial displacement along the longitudinal axis of the shaft between the sleeve-like element and the

Formschlusseiement bewirkt. Das hülsenartige Element ist somit federnd z.B. auf dem Formschlusseiement gelagert. Somit ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass das hülsenartige Element auch dann verschoben wird, wenn bei den Verzahnungen des Gangrads und des Formschlusselements sich Zähne gegenüberstehen. Wenn sich eine Lücke zwischen den Verzahnungen ergibt, rückt das hülsenartige Element durch die Federwirkung nach. Formschlussement causes. The sleeve-like element is thus resiliently mounted for example on the Formschlusseiement. Thus, it is possible, for example, that the sleeve-like element is also displaced when in the Gears of the gear wheel and the positive-locking element facing teeth. If there is a gap between the teeth, the sleeve-like element moves by the spring effect.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beinhaltet, dass das Federelement zwischen dem Anschlag des hülsenartigen Elements und dem Anschlag des Formschlusselements angeordnet ist. Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Profil des hülsenartigen Elements zumindest teilweise aus einer um das hülsenartige Element umlaufenden Vertiefung besteht, in welche der Aktor zumindest im aktivierten Zustand eingreift. Dabei sind das Profil und der Aktor derartig ausgestaltet und aufeinander abgestimmt, dass aus der Drehbewegung des hülsenartigen Elements eine Bewegung längs der Längsachse der Welle entsteht. An embodiment of the invention includes that the spring element between the stop of the sleeve-like element and the stop of the positive-locking element is arranged. An embodiment of the invention provides that the profile of the sleeve-like element at least partially consists of a circumferential around the sleeve-like element depression, in which engages the actuator, at least in the activated state. In this case, the profile and the actuator are designed and matched to one another such that a movement along the longitudinal axis of the shaft results from the rotational movement of the sleeve-like element.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beinhaltet, dass das Schaltelement mindestens einen Zweitaktor aufweist, welcher - insbesondere nach einer Ausgestaltung in Verbindung mit dem Profil des hülsenartigen Elements - eine axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements bewirkt, welche der An embodiment of the invention includes that the switching element has at least one two-actuator, which - in particular according to an embodiment in conjunction with the profile of the sleeve-like element - causes an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element, which

Verschiebung, die der Aktor bewirkt, entgegengerichtet ist. Der Zweitaktor bewirkt ein Auslegen des Ganges bzw. das Einlegen eines anderen Ganges, indem die Bewegung des hülsenartigen Elements in die andere axiale  Displacement caused by the actuator is opposite. The Zweitaktor causes a laying of the gear or the insertion of another gear by the movement of the sleeve-like element in the other axial

Richtung bewirkt wird. Direction is effected.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass es sich bei dem An embodiment of the invention provides that it is in the

Formschlusselement um eine Schaltmuffe oder um eine Schaltklaue handelt. Positive locking element is a sliding sleeve or a switching claw.

Weiterhin löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe mit einem Schaltgetriebe mit einer Schaltvorrichtung nach einer der obigen Ausgestaltungen. Die Erfindung wird anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: Fig. 1 : eine räumliche Darstellung einer Schaltvorrichtung, Furthermore, the invention solves the problem with a manual transmission with a switching device according to one of the above embodiments. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a switching device,

Fig. 2:einen Schnitt durch die Schaltvorrichtung der Fig. 1 im Leerlauf, 2 shows a section through the switching device of FIG. 1 at idle,

Fign. 3 bis 5: Stadien des Einlegens eines Ganges anhand des Schnitts der Fig. 2, und FIGS. 3 to 5: stages of engagement of a gear on the basis of the section of Fig. 2, and

Fig.6: ein Augenblick während des Auslegens des Ganges. Fig.6: a moment during the laying out of the corridor.

In der Fig. 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung dargestellt. Auf der Welle 1 mit Längsachse 1.1 befinden sich zwei Gangräder 2. Zwischen den Gangrädern 2 ist ein Formschlusselement 3 angeordnet, welches je nach gewähltem Gang den Formschluss zwischen einem der zwei Gangräder 2 und dem hier unterhalb des Formschlusselements 3 angeordneten, fest mit der Welle 1 verbunden Zahnrad herstellt. Für das axiale Verschieben des In Fig. 1, a switching device according to the invention is shown. On the shaft 1 with longitudinal axis 1.1 there are two gear wheels 2. Between the gear wheels 2, a form-locking element 3 is arranged, depending on the chosen gear the positive connection between one of the two gear wheels 2 and arranged here below the form-fitting element 3, fixed to the shaft. 1 Connected gear manufactures. For the axial displacement of the

Formschlusselements 3 längs der Längsachse 1.1 ist das Positive locking element 3 along the longitudinal axis 1.1 is the

Formschlusselement 3 koaxial von einem hülsenartigen Element 11 umgeben. Das hülsenartige Element 11 bildet dabei mit dem Aktor 12 zumindest einen Teil des Schaltelements 10 der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung. Außen weist das hülsenartige Element 11 ein Profil 11.1 auf, welches hier in Form von umlaufenden Nuten ausgestaltet ist. Das hülsenartige Element 11 selbst ist derartig ausgestaltet, dass es sich mit der Welle 1 bzw. mit dem Positive locking element 3 coaxially surrounded by a sleeve-like element 11. The sleeve-like element 11 forms with the actuator 12 at least a part of the switching element 10 of the switching device according to the invention. Externally, the sleeve-like element 11 has a profile 11.1, which is designed here in the form of circumferential grooves. The sleeve-like element 11 itself is designed such that it communicates with the shaft 1 and with the

Formschlusselement 3 mitdreht. Für das Einlegen eines Ganges wird der hier beispielhaft stiftartig ausgestaltete Aktor 12 näher in Richtung des  Positive locking element 3 rotates. For inserting a gear, the here exemplified pin-shaped actuator 12 is closer in the direction of

hülsenartigen Elements 11 und somit in die Nut des Profils 11.1 eingebracht. Axial ist der Aktor 12 fest, d.h. es findet nur eine Lageänderung senkrecht zur Längsachse 1.1 statt. Der Zweitaktor 13 dient dem Auslegen des mit dem Aktor 12 eingelegten Ganges, und über den hier dargestellten dritten Aktor lässt sich das linke Gangrad 2 mit der Welle 1 formschlüssig verbinden. Im Schnitt der Fig. 2 ist zu erkennen, wie das hülsenartige Element 11 das Formschlusselement 3 koaxial umgibt. Das Formschlusselement 3 verfügt über einen nach außen, d.h. in Richtung des hülsenartigen Elements 11 gerichteten Anschlag 3.1 , welcher hier in Form einer mittig angebrachten Nase ausgestaltet ist. Das hülsenartige Element 11 verfügt an seinen beiden sleeve-like element 11 and thus introduced into the groove of the profile 11.1. Axial is the actuator 12 fixed, ie there is only one change in position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 1.1 instead. The Zweitaktor 13 serves to interpret the with the Actuator 12 engaged gear, and on the third actuator shown here, the left gear 2 can be positively connected to the shaft 1. It can be seen in the section of FIG. 2 how the sleeve-like element 11 coaxially surrounds the interlocking element 3. The positive-locking element 3 has a stop 3.1, which is directed outward, ie in the direction of the sleeve-like element 11, and which is designed here in the form of a centrally mounted nose. The sleeve-like element 11 has at its two

Stirnseiten über jeweils einen Anschlag 1 .2, welcher nach innen, d.h. dem Formschlusselement 3 zugewandt ist. Zwischen jeweils einem Anschlag 11.2 des hülsenartigen Elements 11 und dem Anschlag 3.1 des End faces each have a stop 1 .2, which inward, i. the positive connection element 3 faces. Between each stop 11.2 of the sleeve-like element 11 and the stop 3.1 of

Formschlusselements 3 befindet sich jeweils ein Federelement 4. Die zwei Federelemente 4 sind dabei derartig ausgestaltet und angeordnet, dass eine relative Bewegung zwischen Formschlusselement 3 und hülsenartigem Forming element 3 is in each case a spring element 4. The two spring elements 4 are designed and arranged such that a relative movement between the form-fitting element 3 and sleeve-like

Element 11 zu einer Anspannung bzw. Entspannung des Federelements 4 führt. Von dem Profil 11.1 des hülsenartigen Elements 1 1 sind drei Nuten zu erkennen, welche durch die umlaufende Ausgestaltung entsprechend miteinander verbunden sind. Element 11 leads to a tension or relaxation of the spring element 4. From the profile 11.1 of the sleeve-like element 1 1 three grooves can be seen, which are connected by the circumferential configuration according to each other.

Für das Einlegen des hier zeichnerisch rechts dargestellten Gangrads 2 wird der Aktor 12 senkrecht zur Längsachse 1 .1 der Welle 1 in Richtung der Welle 1 verschoben, d.h. näher herangebracht, bis der hier stiftartige Aktor 12 in das Profil 1 1.1 und somit in dieser Ausgestaltung in die umlaufende Nut des hülsenartigen Elements 11 eingreift (siehe Fig. 3). Während des Einlegens des Ganges verbleibt dabei der Aktor 12 längs der Längsachse 1.1. der Welle 1 im Wesentlichen auf der gleichen Höhe. Da das hülsenartige Element 11 mit der Welle 1 mitdreht, wird durch den Aktor 12 und insbesondere durch die Ausgestaltung des Profils 11.1 die Drehung des hülsenartigen Elements 11 teilweise in ein axiales Verschieben längs der Längsachse 1.1 umgewandelt. In der Fig. 4 wird somit das hülsenartige Element 1 1 nach rechts verschoben. Weiterhin ist der Aktor 12 durch die Ausgestaltung des Profils 11.1 relativ zur Welle 1 immer noch auf der gleichen axialen Position, jedoch in der hier mittleren Nut gelandet. Da die Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements 11 auch relativ zum Formschlusselement 3 stattgefunden hat, steht nun das links angeordnete Federelement 4 unter Anspannung. Erlauben es die For inserting the illustrated here on the right gear wheel 2, the actuator 12 is moved perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 1 .1 of the shaft 1 in the direction of the shaft 1, ie brought closer, until the pen-like actuator 12 in the profile 1 1.1 and thus in this embodiment engages in the circumferential groove of the sleeve-like member 11 (see Fig. 3). During insertion of the gear while the actuator 12 remains along the longitudinal axis 1.1. the shaft 1 at substantially the same height. Since the sleeve-like element 11 rotates with the shaft 1, the rotation of the sleeve-like element 11 is partially converted into an axial displacement along the longitudinal axis 1.1 by the actuator 12 and in particular by the configuration of the profile 11.1. In Fig. 4 thus the sleeve-like element 1 1 is shifted to the right. Furthermore, the actuator 12 by the configuration of the profile 11.1 relative to the shaft 1 still landed on the same axial position, but in the middle groove here. Since the displacement of the sleeve-like element 11 has also taken place relative to the interlocking element 3, now the left-hand spring element 4 is under tension. Allow it

Verzahnungen des Gangrads 2 und des Zahnrads 5, so verschiebt das Federelement 4 das Formschlusselement 3 in Richtung des Gangrads 2, d.h. hier nach rechts. In der Fig. 5 ist zu sehen, wie das Formschlusselement 3 den Formschluss zwischen dem Gangrad 2 und dem fest mit der Welle 1 verbundenen Zahnrad 5 herstellt. Weiterhin ist zu sehen, dass beide Gears of the gear wheel 2 and the gear 5, the spring element 4 moves the positive-locking element 3 in the direction of the gear wheel 2, i. here to the right. In Fig. 5 it can be seen how the positive-locking element 3 produces the positive connection between the gear wheel 2 and the fixedly connected to the shaft 1 gear 5. Furthermore, it can be seen that both

Federelemente 4 entspannt sind. Im nächsten Schritt würde der Aktor 12 wieder zurückgezogen werden. In der Fig. 6 ist ein Stadium des Auslegens des linken Gangrades 2 Spring elements 4 are relaxed. In the next step, the actuator 12 would be withdrawn again. In Fig. 6 is a stage of laying out the left-hand gear 2

dargestellt. Hierfür greift der Zweitaktor 13 in das Profil 11.1 des hülsenartigen Elements 11 ein und verschiebt das Element 11 dadurch vom rechten shown. For this purpose, the two-actuator 13 engages in the profile 11.1 of the sleeve-like element 11 and thereby displaces the element 11 from the right

Gangrad 2 fort nach links. Zu sehen ist, wie somit das rechte Federelement 4 angespannt wird. Gear wheel 2 left to the left. It can be seen how thus the right spring element 4 is tense.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Schaltvorrichtung für ein Schaltgetriebe eines Fahrzeugs, 1. Switching device for a manual transmission of a vehicle, mit mindestens einer Welle, with at least one wave, welche eine Längsachse aufweist, which has a longitudinal axis, mit mindestens einem Gangrad, with at least one gear wheel, mit mindestens einem Formschlusselement zur Erzeugung einer kraft- und drehmomentübertragenden Verbindung zwischen der Welle und dem with at least one positive locking element for generating a force and torque transmitting connection between the shaft and the Gangrad, und Gear wheel, and mit mindestens einem Schaltelement, welches das Formschlusselement axial längs der Längsachse der Welle verschiebt, with at least one switching element which displaces the interlocking element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das Schaltelement mindestens ein hülsenartiges Element aufweist, dass das hülsenartige Element axial längs der Längsache der Welle that the switching element has at least one sleeve-like element, that the sleeve-like element axially along the longitudinal axis of the shaft verschiebbar ist, is displaceable, wobei das hülsenartige Element und das Formschlusselement derartig ausgestaltet und aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass eine axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle eine axiale Bewegung des Formschlusselements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt und dass zwischen dem Formschlusselement und dem hülsenartigen Element und/oder zwischen der Welle und dem hülsenartigen Element mindestens ein Drehmoment übertragbar ist, wherein the sleeve-like element and the interlocking element are configured and matched to one another such that an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes axial movement of the interlocking element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft and between the interlocking element and the sleeve-like element and / or between at least one torque is transferable to the shaft and the sleeve-like element, dass das Schaltelement mindestens einen Aktor aufweist, that the switching element has at least one actuator, wobei der Aktor in einem aktivierten Zustand in Wechselwirkung mit dem hülsenartigen Element steht, und wherein the actuator is in an activated state in interaction with the sleeve-like element, and wobei der Aktor zumindest in einem aktivierten Zustand eine axiale wherein the actuator, at least in an activated state, an axial Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt. θ Displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes. θ 2. Schaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Switching device according to claim 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das hülsenartige Element mindestens ein Profil aufweist, that the sleeve-like element has at least one profile, und and dass der Aktor in dem aktivierten Zustand in Verbindung mit dem Profil des hülsenartigen Elements die axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements längs der Längsachse der Welle bewirkt. that the actuator in the activated state in conjunction with the profile of the sleeve-like element causes the axial displacement of the sleeve-like element along the longitudinal axis of the shaft. 3. Schaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 3. Switching device according to claim 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das hülsenartige Element zumindest abschnittsweise koaxial um das Formschlusselement herum angeordnet ist. the sleeve-like element is arranged at least in sections coaxially around the positive-locking element. 4. Schaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, 4. Switching device according to claim 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das hülsenartige Element mindestens einen dem Formschlusselement zugewandten Anschlag aufweist, that the sleeve-like element has at least one stop facing the positive-locking element, und and dass das Formschlusselement mindestens einen dem hülsenartigen Element zugewandten Anschlag aufweist. the positive-locking element has at least one stop facing the sleeve-like element. 5. Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Switching device according to one of claims 1 to 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass mindestens ein Federelement vorgesehen ist, welches eine axialein that at least one spring element is provided, which has an axial one Verschiebung längs der Längsachse der Welle zwischen dem hülsenartigen Element und dem Formschlusselement bewirkt. Displacement along the longitudinal axis of the shaft between the sleeve-like element and the positive connection element causes. 6. Schaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 und 5, 6. Switching device according to claim 4 and 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Federelement zwischen dem Anschlag des hülsenartigen Elements und dem Anschlag des Formschlusselements angeordnet ist. characterized, the spring element is arranged between the stop of the sleeve-like element and the stop of the positive-locking element. 7. Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, 7. Switching device according to one of claims 2 to 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das Profil des hülsenartigen Elements zumindest teilweise aus einer um das hülsenartige Element umlaufenden Vertiefung besteht, in welche der Aktor zumindest im aktivierten Zustand eingreift. the profile of the sleeve-like element at least partially consists of a recess running around the sleeve-like element, into which the actuator engages at least in the activated state. 8. Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, 8. Switching device according to one of claims 1 to 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass das Schaltelement mindestens einen Zweitaktor aufweist, that the switching element has at least one two-actuator, welcher eine axiale Verschiebung des hülsenartigen Elements bewirkt, welche der Verschiebung, die der Aktor bewirkt, entgegengerichtet ist. which causes an axial displacement of the sleeve-like element, which is opposite to the displacement, which causes the actuator. 9. Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. Switching device according to one of claims 1 to 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized, dass es sich bei dem Formschlusselement um eine Schaltmuffe oder um eine Schaltklaue handelt. in that the positive-locking element is a sliding sleeve or a switching claw. 10. Schaltgetriebe mit einer Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9. 10. Manual transmission with a switching device according to one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/DE2011/001836 2010-10-16 2011-10-11 Shifting device and gearbox Ceased WO2012055386A1 (en)

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