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WO2012054994A2 - Appareil à actionnement par vibrations pour production d'énergie électrique et contrôle des déplacements inertiels - Google Patents

Appareil à actionnement par vibrations pour production d'énergie électrique et contrôle des déplacements inertiels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012054994A2
WO2012054994A2 PCT/BG2010/000023 BG2010000023W WO2012054994A2 WO 2012054994 A2 WO2012054994 A2 WO 2012054994A2 BG 2010000023 W BG2010000023 W BG 2010000023W WO 2012054994 A2 WO2012054994 A2 WO 2012054994A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
spherical
rotor
permanent magnets
magnets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BG2010/000023
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English (en)
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WO2012054994A3 (fr
Inventor
Viktor Baychev
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2012054994A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012054994A2/fr
Publication of WO2012054994A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012054994A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/18—Machines moving with multiple degrees of freedom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vibration actuated apparatus for electrical energy production and monitoring of inertial displacements.
  • One of its applications relates to the field of electrical energy harvesting and utilization of renewable energy sources that are capable of generating random types and different by origin vibrations and oscillations.
  • the invention can be implemented in the field of cosmonautics and space exploration as part of the propulsion or power supply systems of planetary rovers and hybrid transport vehicles.
  • Another application is in the field of seismology for precise monitoring of seismic waves.
  • a prior art torquer apparatus as disclosed in WO2007113666, is known to comprise a spherical stator and concentrically placed spherical rotor, wherein the magnetic fields are projected over the stator surface in the mode of a matrix having the form of a regular octahedron, while the magnetic fields of the rotor are arranged in the form of an icosahedron so that, two adjacent sides of the octahedron or the icosahedron possess fully covered surfaces of magnetic fields of different pole orientations.
  • the apparatus uses optical sensors following the reflections of the rotor.
  • the primary distribution of all magnets is evenly alternating and homogeneously covering the surfaces of both the rotor and stator, achieved through the use of combinations of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and later followed by a subsequent redistribution using decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs.
  • the aforementioned primary distribution process is related to a method of cylindrical disc packing over surfaces of concentrically placed spheres, whose theoretical and mathematical model is further based on three-dimensional problems of spherical and Euclidean codes (Baychev V., Boyvalenkov P., Delchev K., "On a Three-Dimensional Problem for Spherical and Euclidean Codes", Proceedings of TELECOM 2009 Conference, October 8-9, St. Constantine & Helena, Varna, Bulgaria). Additionally as opposed to prior art and implemented within the present solution are: a fully covering the inner surface of the stator spirally wound spherical coil, as well as the usage of wireless orientation sensors.
  • the need of supercharged or other type of gas to hold the spherical rotor in a contactless position in respect to the spherical stator is exchanged for a specific distribution of magnets on both opposite surfaces of the stator and rotor, which by itself contributes for a contactless state by means of magnetic levitation.
  • the coil is spirally wound on top of the surface of a plastic corpus so that, it fully covers the plastic body by means of a single continuous wire or by a similar wire, having consecutively joined in series separate constituent parts.
  • the present solution uses sensitive wireless orientation sensors both attached to the inner surface of a levitating spherical rotor, as well as to the outer surface of a concentrically surrounding it spherical stator, whereby the rotor is in a contactless state in respect to the stator.
  • sensors there are other known prior art actuator apparatuses, as disclosed in US 6,049,148, US 2001/0030471 and US 2004/0090138, where a levitating rotor core exists in a contactless state in respect to the stator by means of permanent magnets arrangements.
  • the leading and movement of the rotor core along an arbitrary or random axis with a 360° freedom of movement is achieved by means of a freely levitating spherical rotor core, concentrically placed into a spherical stator.
  • a principal object of the present invention is the development and construction of an apparatus capable of generating induced electrical current by utilizing external vibrations and torque, including those produced or derived by alternative energy sources, as well as simultaneously providing the opportunity of precise registering and monitoring of seismic P- and S-waves along with other types of inertial displacements.
  • a vibration actuated apparatus comprising a freely levitating hollow spherical rotor core with evenly arranged over its outer surface even number and identical by shape cylindrical permanent magnets, concentrically placed within a spherical stator having analogically arranged even number and identical by shape cylindrical permanent magnets. Above the surface of the latter magnets and simultaneously situated between the stator and the rotor, a fixed immovable spirally wound spherical coil is positioned. The minimum and maximum distance between adjacent, as well as between oppositely facing cylindrical permanent magnets is chosen to be a function of their radiuses and heights.
  • the size of the radiuses of the two spherical bodies of the stator and rotor, as well as the exact position and spherical coordinates of the base centers of every single magnet that lays on any of those bodies, is achieved through the use of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and common center, followed by one further redistribution of the magnets in respect to their pole orientations, achieved by means of decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs.
  • the wire leads of the spherical coil are brought to the surface of the stator through specifically provided and pre-allocated technological openings and from there on are further distributed to readily available industrial devices for conversion and storage of the generated electrical energy.
  • Some of the advantages of this invention are the great sensitivity to external vibrations or other oscillations, while the freely levitating rotor core predetermines a minimal amount of friction during its displacement.
  • the distribution of the magnets over the surfaces of the stator and the rotor by means of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry followed by a further decomposition of icosahedral 1 - designs ensures an even and uniform covering of both surfaces, but at the same time creates a precondition for continuous instability between the oscillating magnetic fields.
  • the effect and result of this instability is a gradation of torque under conditions of uninterrupted vibrations along with an accompanying increase in generated induced current.
  • the latter leads to an increased efficiency, while further predetermines a more effective utilization of vibrations or other oscillations generated by renewable energy sources like: surface sea waves, moving transport vehicles, bridge vibrations, etc.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that only under very small threshold time periods of just about 1 ⁇ the motions between all participating permanent magnets could be considered to be uniformly accelerating so that, even when in a motionless state, the apparatus through the use of its orientation sensors can register more accurately and earlier seismic P- and S-waves, as well as other micro inertial displacements.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective cross-section of the apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a representative perspective cross-section through the walls of the corpuses showing the separate hemispherical caps
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective partial cross-section showing a view of the plastic body with coil mounted to its surface, both situated within one of the hemispherical caps of the stator;
  • FIG. 4 is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section showing the walls of the corpuses with oppositely facing mounted magnets;
  • FIG. 4a is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section of sections of the corpuses' walls showing mount holes;
  • FIG. 5 is a close-up perspective view of an arbitrary corpus illustrating the distances between adjacently mounted magnets
  • FIG. 5a is a close-up perspective view of a cross-section between the corpuses of the stator and rotor illustrating the distances between oppositely facing mounted magnets;
  • FIG. 6 is a close-up perspective view of the surface of an arbitrary corpus showing engraved indicative marking circles
  • FIG. 7 is a close-up perspective view of the surface of the stator showing technological openings
  • FIG. 8 is a general view of the hemispherical caps of the rotor, close assembled with long threaded studs;
  • FIG. 8a is an internal perspective view of one of the hemispherical caps of the rotor with threaded studs mounted through its walls;
  • FIG. 8b is a close-up perspective view of the rotor surface showing technological openings for threaded studs
  • FIG. 9 is a general perspective view of the apparatus mounted into an auxiliary bearing structure
  • FIG. 9a is a close-up perspective view of a section of the auxiliary bearing structure holding the stator corpus with ball joint fasteners.
  • the vibration actuated apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, consists of a hollow spherical rotor 1, whose corpus is composed of two similar hemispherical caps 15, 16 divided by an irregular cutting line 23 and firmly fastened to each other with long threaded studs 9 and nuts 17 so that, the rotor 1 is concentrically positioned within the interior of a hollow spherical stator 2, whose corpus analogically to the rotor 1 is composed of two hemispherical caps 18, 19 and irregular cutting line 24.
  • Attached to the inner surface of the stator 2 and the outer surface of the rotor 1 are two evenly numbered groups of identically shaped permanent magnets 3 with equal parameters so that, all of the magnets 3 are fixed to a corresponding wall of a corpus by bolts 7 going through the walls and nuts 8 at the opposite end.
  • Each permanent magnet 3 attached to the inner surface of the stator 2 has an equal by number and fixed to its outer surface self-adhesive rubber gasket 6 so that, a fixed immovable spirally wound spherical coil 4 is placed laying on top.
  • the coil 4, as shown in FIG. 3, is constructed over a spherical plastic body 5 composed of two identical by shape hemispherical caps 20, 21.
  • An orientation sensor 12 is attached to the inner surface of the corpus of the rotor 1 and by analogy a similar orientation sensor 14 is attached to the outer surface of the corpus of the stator 2.
  • the wire leads 11 of the coil 4 are brought through the surface of the corpus of the stator 2 by means of technological openings 10 so that, the wires are further connected to readily available devices 13 for conversion and storage of generated electrical energy.
  • the shape of the permanent magnets 3 is cylindrical with an axially oriented in respect to their heights hole in the middle so that, any freely passing through the body of a magnet 3 bolt 7 is fixed to the respective corpus wall of the rotor 1 or stator 2.
  • the bolts 7 attach every single magnet 3 to its exact position so that, the opposite ends are fixed with nuts 8.
  • the computation of the size of the radiuses of both spherical corpuses of the rotor 1 and stator 2, as well as the even distribution of permanent magnets 3 by locating the exact position of their base centers in the form of spherical coordinates with respect to any of the spherical corpuses of the rotor 1 and stator 2, is achieved through the use of constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry and common center, whereby every point of the spherical code represents the base center of a permanent magnet 3.
  • the same are optimized both in respect to the distances between adjacently laying magnets 3, as well as in respect to the distances between oppositely facing magnets 3.
  • the difference between the number of magnets 3 attached to the corpuses of the stator 2 and the rotor 1 is maximal, while in another implementation example this same difference is minimal.
  • two constructions of spherical codes with icosahedral symmetry are chosen to be a suitable combination such that, 620 points are assigned for the spherical stator 2 and 390 points are assigned for the spherical rotor 1 respectively.
  • Al r- (r.kl)/100
  • A2 r.k2/100.
  • the coefficient values of kl, k2, k3 and k4 were set to be 10, 44.44, 10 and 20 respectively.
  • the exact form of the irregular cutting lines 23, 24 of each one of the hemispherical caps 15, 16 and 18, 19 is achieved by discovering an equatorial circle with extremal property on a unit sphere with assigned convex sets such that, the convex sets represent respectively all permanent magnets 3, which are distributed over the corpus surfaces of the rotor 1 and stator 2.
  • the aforementioned and derived matching combinations of the two spherical codes are further subdivided and redistributed into two subgroups for each one of the spherical codes so that, every two subgroups that are assigned to a particular spherical code contain an equal number of permanent magnets 3 but with different pole orientations, whereas simultaneously all magnets 3 contained within both subgroups of a particular spherical code are evenly arranged and distributed over the surface of the corpuses of the stator 2 or rotor 1.
  • the distribution of the magnets 3 is such that, only a minimal number of triangles formed by magnets 3 of same pole orientations exist, whereby for every single subset of three adjacent magnets 3 the maximum concentration of magnets 3 of same pole orientations is minimal.
  • a decomposition of icosahedral 1 -designs is used consisting of a three phase algorithm. In the first phase, half of the magnets 3 of a particular spherical code are redistributed so that, the minimum distance between magnets 3 of same pole orientations is maximal.
  • the distance between the center of masses of the spherical code and the center of the sphere of a given spherical corpus of the stator 2 or rotor 1 is minimized so that, in case the poles of a chosen pair of magnets 3 with different pole orientations are swapped at each step of the algorithm, a decrease in length of the sum of the vectors of magnets 3 having same pole orientations is obtained.
  • the number of triangles formed by magnets 3 having same pole orientations is reduced such that, each step of the algorithm follows an observation whether the process of swapping poles of a chosen pair of magnets 3 of different pole orientations decreases the total number of triangles formed by magnets 3 of same pole orientations within the spherical code.
  • half of the magnets 3 having same pole orientations are allocated to their exact positions by indicative marking circles 25, which are additionally engraved to the corpuses of the stator 2 and rotor 1 through the use of the same centers as the ones used for the openings 22 and are further assigned with an appropriate radius allowing the encircling of same openings 22.
  • the choice of the exact positions of the technological openings 10 at the corpus of the stator 2 is taken in accordance to the position of the centroids of the triangles with maximally long sides, being originally formed by magnets 3 having same pole orientations.
  • the choice of the exact positions of the technological openings 26, where long threaded studs 9 are passing through the corpuses of the two hemispherical caps 15, 16, is taken in accordance to the position of equidistant pairs of oppositely facing centroids of triangles being formed by three adjacently laying magnets 3 so that, all such centroids are a maximal number and are positioned closest to the centers of each of the hemispherical caps 15, 16, as well as the axes formed by each pair of oppositely facing equidistant centroids situated at any of the hemispherical caps 15, 16, are not touching or intersecting within the interior of the rotor 1.
  • the hemispherical caps 20, 21 of the plastic body 5 are sealed tightly along the base of their edges and rims so that, the rotor 1 is placed within.
  • the spirally wound spherical coil 4 is prepared in advance by winding it separately over the surface of each of the hemispherical caps 20, 21 such that, after placing the rotor 1 inside, the two parts of the coil 4 are connected in series through the edge or wall of the spherical plastic body 5, while in another variant the hemispherical caps 20, 21 are sealed tightly in advance and the spherical coil 4 is later spirally wound up over their surface without being broken or interrupted.
  • each of the hemispherical caps 18, 19 is linked on one side to the rectangular metal panels 28 of an auxiliary bearing structure and on the other side to the upper tips of the threaded bolts 7, whereby the metal panels 28 are further supported within the whole construction by means of freely passing through openings in the four corners of the panels 28 long threaded studs 30, each of them being additionally fixed on both sides by sets of two pairs of nuts 29.
  • the additional redistribution of the magnets 3 into groups of mixed pole orientations contributes to a homogeneous interaction between the forces of attraction and repulsion in respect to all of the mounted magnets 3.
  • the larger number of magnets 3 arranged over the inner surface of the static and fixed immovable stator 2, compared to the lesser number of magnets 3 arranged over the outer surface of the rotor 1, predetermines the simultaneous exercise of greater forces of attraction and repulsion over all points and directions in respect to the concentrically positioned rotor 1, thus keeping the rotor in a state of permanent magnetic levitation.
  • the minimum angles of the vectors between the center of the two spherical codes and the centers of the positions of each of the mounted magnets 3, allow only a limited and short-term possibility of oppositely facing magnets 3 to remain in a position and state of complete concurrence of their faces such that, it is highly improbable for the levitating rotor 1 to remain in a state of full rest for longer periods of time.
  • Finite Magnetic Element Analysis it is possible to empirically compute and derive the time periods, whereby all motions can be considered to be uniformly accelerating and in the present embodiment these are possible only of periods of less than ⁇ .
  • the same is aiding the free oscillation of all mounted to its outer surface permanent magnets 3 having mixed pole orientations arrangement.
  • the oscillating magnetic fields of the rotor 1 are interacting on one hand with the analogous magnetic fields of the permanent magnets 3, which are situated over the inner surface of the stator 2 and on the other hand, are simultaneously interacting with the fixed and immovably positioned between the rotor 1 and stator 2, spirally wound spherical coil 4.
  • the apparatus is able to generate induced electrical current into the spirally wound spherical coil 4, which electrical current is further transmitted through the use of the wire leads 11 of the coil 4, to readily available devices 13 for conversion and storage of generated electrical energy.
  • the apparatus can register, monitor, measure and transmit data of the inertial displacements, vectors of acceleration, angular velocities and rotational matrices as received by the orientation sensors 12, 14, all of these being the result of the displacement of the levitating rotor core 1 into space.
  • the precise calculations and information of the force, direction or other parameters of arbitrary and random external vibrations and their impact on the levitating rotor core 1 are obtained through computation of the differences between all synchronously monitored parallel data, as it is received from both of the orientation sensors 12, 14.
  • both of the hemispherical caps 18, 19 of the stator 2 are also capable of being closed sealed to one another or separated and set apart.
  • the rotor 1, the spherical plastic body 5 and the spirally wound spherical coil 4 are assembled concentrically into the inner space of the stator 2 so that, on the following step after gradually driving closer to each other both of the hemispherical caps 18, 19, the corpus of the stator 2 is being tightly sealed along the cutting line 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un appareil à actionnement par vibrations ayant les capacités fonctionnelles permettant de produire un courant électrique induit à partir de sources d'énergie renouvelable, pouvant en outre s'appliquer à des mises en œuvre de véhicules de transport hybrides, terrestres ou cosmonautiques. Au moyen de capteurs d'orientation sans fil (12), (14), l'appareil permet un contrôle en temps réel précis des déplacements micro-inertiels et des ondes sismiques. L'appareil comprend un stator sphérique d'enfermement concentrique (2) et lévitant librement dans un rotor sphérique (1), des aimants permanents (3) de forme identique étant agencés sur leurs surfaces. La position exacte de chaque aimant permanent (3) est obtenue grâce à l'utilisation de codes sphériques ayant une symétrie icosaédrique et une décomposition supplémentaire de conceptions icosaédriques (1). L'utilisation du couple obtenu du rotor (1) permet de produire un courant électrique induit dans une bobine sphérique fixe (4), placée immobile entre les parois du stator (2) et du rotor (1). Par les ouvertures technologiques (10) situées dans le stator (2), on peut en outre connecter les fils conducteurs (11) de la bobine (4) à des dispositifs de stockage d'électricité (13) auxiliaires et facilement disponibles.
PCT/BG2010/000023 2010-10-26 2010-11-16 Appareil à actionnement par vibrations pour production d'énergie électrique et contrôle des déplacements inertiels Ceased WO2012054994A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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BG110781 2010-10-26
BG10110781A BG110781A (bg) 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 Вибрационно възбудимо устройство за производство на електроенергия и регистриране на инерционни отмествания

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WO2012054994A2 true WO2012054994A2 (fr) 2012-05-03
WO2012054994A3 WO2012054994A3 (fr) 2012-08-16

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GB2490783A (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-11-14 Commw Of Australia Vibration energy conversion device
JP2014011891A (ja) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-20 Ulvac Japan Ltd 携帯型発電器
DE102014119089A1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Antonio Chiriatti Spannungserzeugungseinrichtung
US9484795B2 (en) 2013-11-07 2016-11-01 The Commonwealth Of Australia Vibration energy harvesting using cycloidal motion
KR101881691B1 (ko) * 2017-02-27 2018-07-24 김대현 2축 짐볼 구조를 가진 에너지 하베스팅 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 에너지 하베스팅 장치
CN114050700A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-15 浙江师范大学 一种电磁式浪涌发电机
CN115459530A (zh) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-09 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) 用于机器人仿真关节的永磁球型步进电机
US12302062B2 (en) 2020-03-05 2025-05-13 The Commonwealth Of Australia Vibration energy projection devices and systems

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2490783A (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-11-14 Commw Of Australia Vibration energy conversion device
US8853870B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2014-10-07 The Commonwealth Of Australia Vibration energy conversion device
GB2490783B (en) * 2011-05-04 2017-10-04 Commonwealth Australia Vibration energy conversion device
JP2014011891A (ja) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-20 Ulvac Japan Ltd 携帯型発電器
US9484795B2 (en) 2013-11-07 2016-11-01 The Commonwealth Of Australia Vibration energy harvesting using cycloidal motion
DE102014119089A1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Antonio Chiriatti Spannungserzeugungseinrichtung
KR101881691B1 (ko) * 2017-02-27 2018-07-24 김대현 2축 짐볼 구조를 가진 에너지 하베스팅 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 에너지 하베스팅 장치
US12302062B2 (en) 2020-03-05 2025-05-13 The Commonwealth Of Australia Vibration energy projection devices and systems
CN114050700A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-15 浙江师范大学 一种电磁式浪涌发电机
CN115459530A (zh) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-09 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) 用于机器人仿真关节的永磁球型步进电机

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