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WO2011135597A1 - Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation - Google Patents

Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011135597A1
WO2011135597A1 PCT/IT2010/000188 IT2010000188W WO2011135597A1 WO 2011135597 A1 WO2011135597 A1 WO 2011135597A1 IT 2010000188 W IT2010000188 W IT 2010000188W WO 2011135597 A1 WO2011135597 A1 WO 2011135597A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reinforcing element
distribution plate
wall
metal portion
elastomeric material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT2010/000188
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Massimo Vivarelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ltm Srl Lavorazione Tubi E Manicotti
Original Assignee
Ltm Srl Lavorazione Tubi E Manicotti
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ltm Srl Lavorazione Tubi E Manicotti filed Critical Ltm Srl Lavorazione Tubi E Manicotti
Priority to PCT/IT2010/000188 priority Critical patent/WO2011135597A1/fr
Publication of WO2011135597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011135597A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0086—Bearing plates

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a reinforcing element to be used for consolidating an excavation wall, for example the wall or the ceiling of a tunnel in a mine.
  • the invention also concerns a process for the consolidation of an excavation wall which provides for the use of one or more reinforcing elements according to the present invention.
  • a consolidation technique which involves positioning radially on the ceiling of the excavation a series of reinforcing elements, also called bolts, in order to support the ceiling and the sides of the section thus permitting safe continuation of the excavation.
  • the "bolts” are formed of a long-shaped element which is first inserted in a hole made in the excavation wall and internally anchored to the rock via an anchoring system which varies according to type.
  • a type of bolt commonly adopted involves the use, as a long-shaped element, of a threaded bar which, once inserted in the predefined hole, is anchored to the rock/ground by the injection of an adhesive substance, for example cement mortar or via the use of chemical cartridges.
  • Each reinforcing bolt furthermore comprises a load distribution plate which is constrained against the outer surface of the wall to be consolidated via clamping means traditionally comprising a bolt which is tightened to the free end of the threaded bar. The clamping action constrains the distribution plate against said outer surface forming a compression layer of the excavation wall layers or consolidation of the wall itself.
  • the reinforcing elements can be subject to dynamic stress produced, for example, by shifting of the ground around the excavation wall or, in the worst scenario, by seismic movements.
  • the reinforcing elements are subject to high frequency cyclic stress. It has been seen that currently, in the majority of cases, said elements do not efficiently withstand dynamic stress. In other words, in the presence of high frequency cyclic stress, almost all the reinforcement elements rapidly deteriorate. This dangerous condition translates into subsidence of the excavation wall. In the case of mines, this represents a particularly critical situation for operator safety.
  • the reinforcing elements currently used for the consolidation of excavation walls do not therefore offer sufficient guarantees of dependability especially in regions subject to seismic phenomena, for example South America.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing element which is able to effectively absorb any dynamic stress deriving, for example, from shifting of the ground.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing element able to effectively absorb also high frequency cyclic dynamic stress such as that produced, for example, by seismic movements.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing element which is made from a reduced number of components which can be easily assembled at competitive costs.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide a process for the consolidation of an excavation wall which is reliable and easy to implement, with competitive times and costs.
  • the present invention concerns a reinforcing element for use in consolidation of an excavation wall in the construction of tunnels or similar.
  • the reinforcing element according to the invention comprises a longitudinal bar intended for insertion inside a predefined hole in the wall to be consolidated.
  • the reinforcing element comprises a load distribution plate with a hole for passage of the bar and loading means to constrain the distribution plate against the outer surface of the wall to be consolidated.
  • the distribution plate comprises at least one first metal portion and at least one portion made of elastomeric material positioned between the first metal portion and a surface of the distribution plate suitable for facing onto the outer surface of the wall to be consolidated.
  • the longitudinal bar can be made of metal, composite material (for example fibreglass), para-aramid polymeric fibres like those known as Kevlar ® or alternatively another material.
  • the distribution plate also comprises a second metal portion positioned opposite the first portion or so that the portion made of elastomeric material is between the two metal portions.
  • the portion made of elastomeric material allows a relative rotation of the metal portions in order to permit better adaptation of the distribution plate to the movements of the ground.
  • the present invention also concerns a method for the consolidation of an excavation wall of a tunnel which involves the use of one or more reinforcing elements according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlargement of detail A of figure .
  • the reinforcing element 1 according to the present invention can be advantageously used for the consolidation of an excavation wall 8.
  • the expression “excavation wall” generically indicates any wall deriving from the removal of material in the soil/subsoil and requiring consolidation to avoid subsidence.
  • the reinforcing element 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for the consolidation of ceiling walls in tunnels in mines or in road and/or railway tunnels.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a possible application of a reinforcing element 1 according to the present invention.
  • the element 1 comprises a bar 5 made of a metal such as steel, for example.
  • the bar 5 presents a development along a longitudinal axis X which allows the same to be inserted in a predefined hole 4 in the wall 8 to be consolidated.
  • the bar 5 has an outer surface 5B, threaded preferably along its entire length. The length of the bar 5 is chosen so that a first terminal portion (indicated in figure 1 by the reference 5A) emerges in a position external to the wall 8.
  • fastening means indicates in general any substance, mixture or fastening element normally used in the consolidation of tunnels to fix a portion of a reinforcing element inside a predefined hole.
  • the reinforcing element 1 comprises a load distribution plate 6 which is operationally located near the outer surface (indicated by reference 8B) of the excavation wall 8.
  • the distribution plate 6 configures a hole 7 with diameter larger than that of the threaded bar 5 to allow the passage thereof.
  • the reinforcing element 1 furthermore comprises clamping means which act on the distribution plate 6 constraining the same against the outer surface 8B of the wall 8 to be consolidated.
  • the distribution plate 6 comprises a first surface 6A on which the clamping means act which comprise, preferably, a retaining nut 9 screwed to the end portion 5A of the bar 5.
  • the retaining nut 9 can act directly in contact with the first surface 6A or indirectly via the interpositioning of a further element.
  • the distribution plate 6 furthermore comprises a second surface 6B, opposite the first surface 6A, which is designed to face against the outer surface 8B of the excavation wall 8.
  • the second surface 6B faces onto and rests against the outer surface 8B so as to directly distribute the compression load generated by the clamping means.
  • the distribution plate 6 comprises at least one first metal portion 11 and at least one portion made of elastomeric material 12 indicated below also by the expression "elastomeric portion” 12.
  • the latter is at least partly positioned between the first metal portion 11 and the second surface 6B of the distribution plate 6. It has been seen that the presence of the elastomeric portion 12 advantageously permits absorption of the dynamic stress to which the reinforcing element 1 can be subjected during its use. This obviously results in greater dependability and longer life of the element.
  • the first metal portion 11 is formed of a first flat steel plate.
  • said plate defines at least partly, and preferably wholly, the first surface 6A of the distribution plate.
  • the nut 9 rests only on the surface of the steel plate so that the clamping action does not damage the structure of the elastomeric portion.
  • FIG. 2 shows in further detail the distribution plate 6 of the reinforcing element of figure 1.
  • Said plate preferably comprises a second metal portion 11 B arranged in a position opposite said first metal portion 1 1 with respect to the elastomeric portion 12.
  • the portion 12 made of elastomeric material is positioned, at least partly, between the first metal portion 11 and the second metal portion 11 B.
  • the distribution plate 6 shows a substantially stratiform structure with the two outermost layers consisting of the portions 11 , 1 1 B made of metal 1 1 and with a central layer formed of the elastomeric portion 12.
  • the two metal portions 1 1 ,11 B correctly distribute the axial compression load generated by the action of the closing means.
  • the elastomeric portion 12 permits absorption of increases in the load and at the same time permits a relative movement of the two metal portions 11 ,1 1 B for better adaptation to the movements of the ground.
  • the second metal portion 1 1B is formed preferably of a second flat steel plate analogously to the first plate.
  • the second flat plate defines at least partly, and preferably entirely, the second surface 6B of the distribution plate 6.
  • the distribution plate 6 can rest on the outer surface 8B of the wall 8 without the elastomeric portion 12 coming into contact with the wall.
  • This solution on the one hand permits improved distribution of the compression load on the wall 8 and on the other preserves the condition of the elastomer.
  • the first metal portion and the second metal portion 11B, or the first and the second steel plate, are connected to the elastomeric portion 12 during the vulcanisation process by injection of the same.
  • the two flat steel plates can be advantageously positioned inside the mould used for the vulcanisation of the elastomeric material so that they remain securely connected to the elastomeric material at the end of said process.
  • the portion 12 in elastomeric material is made of an elastomeric material with high capacity for absorption of the dynamic stress and impact load. Elastomers chosen from the group consisting of natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, styrene rubber and their mixtures have proved particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • the elastomeric material used has a hardness degree in the range between 50 and 80 ShA and preferably in the range between 55 and 75 ShA where ShA indicates the Shore A hardness scale. It has been seen that via the use of elastomeric materials with these characteristics it is possible to preserve the condition of the bar 5 much more effectively than with the traditional reinforcing elements currently used which only have a rigid metal distribution plate.
  • the present invention also concerns a method for consolidating an excavation wall involving the use of at least one reinforcing element 1 according to the present invention. In further detail, the method comprises the following phases:
  • fastening means for example cement mortar, chemical cartridges, etc.
  • the reinforcing element is provided with a distribution plate the structure of which, at least partly elastomeric, advantageously permits absorption and dissipation of the dynamic stress and impact loads to which the reinforcing element can be subjected, for example in the case of seismic movements of the ground.
  • Said characteristic makes the reinforcing element particularly reliable, advantageously preserving the condition of the bar and prolonging the life thereof.
  • the latter can be made of metal or alternatively any other material considered suitable for the purpose.
  • the bar can be made, for example, of composite material, such as fibreglass, or also para-aramid polymeric fibres, for example those commercially known like kevlar ®.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation d'un tunnel. L'élément de renfort comprend une barre longitudinale, une plaque de répartition de charges et un moyen de serrage pour retenir ladite plaque contre la surface externe d'une paroi d'excavation après insertion de la barre métallique dans un trou préformé dans la paroi d'excavation. Selon la présente invention, la plaque de répartition de charges comprend au moins une partie métallique et au moins une partie faite d'un matériau élastomère disposée entre la partie métallique et la surface de la plaque de répartition faisant face à la surface externe de la paroi à consolider.
PCT/IT2010/000188 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation Ceased WO2011135597A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000188 WO2011135597A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000188 WO2011135597A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011135597A1 true WO2011135597A1 (fr) 2011-11-03

Family

ID=43480656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2010/000188 Ceased WO2011135597A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Élément de renfort pour consolider une paroi d'excavation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2011135597A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2995328A1 (fr) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-14 Denis Huber Systeme d'ancrage, comprenant un dispositif d'ancrage et un tirant, destine a assurer la stabilite d'un ouvrage
JP2015031118A (ja) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-16 積水化学工業株式会社 引張部材と引張力伝達部材の定着構造、グラウンドアンカー、並びに、テンドングリップ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4183699A (en) * 1978-05-18 1980-01-15 Donan David C Jr Washer/gasket for mine roof bolt assembly
US4746248A (en) * 1987-02-19 1988-05-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Anchor bolt assembly
US5769570A (en) * 1996-06-03 1998-06-23 Jennmar Corporation Cable tensioning dome plate
WO1998057035A1 (fr) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-17 Steeledale Group Limited Boulon d'ancrage
DE20317777U1 (de) * 2003-11-18 2004-05-19 Mötz, Herbert, Ing.(grad.) Felssicherungsvorrichtung
US20090191006A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Seegmiller Ben L Resin Mixing and Cable Tensioning Device and Assembly for Cable Bolts

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4183699A (en) * 1978-05-18 1980-01-15 Donan David C Jr Washer/gasket for mine roof bolt assembly
US4746248A (en) * 1987-02-19 1988-05-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Anchor bolt assembly
US5769570A (en) * 1996-06-03 1998-06-23 Jennmar Corporation Cable tensioning dome plate
WO1998057035A1 (fr) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-17 Steeledale Group Limited Boulon d'ancrage
DE20317777U1 (de) * 2003-11-18 2004-05-19 Mötz, Herbert, Ing.(grad.) Felssicherungsvorrichtung
US20090191006A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Seegmiller Ben L Resin Mixing and Cable Tensioning Device and Assembly for Cable Bolts

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2995328A1 (fr) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-14 Denis Huber Systeme d'ancrage, comprenant un dispositif d'ancrage et un tirant, destine a assurer la stabilite d'un ouvrage
WO2014041018A1 (fr) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-20 Denis Huber Système d'ancrage
JP2015031118A (ja) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-16 積水化学工業株式会社 引張部材と引張力伝達部材の定着構造、グラウンドアンカー、並びに、テンドングリップ

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