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WO2011127677A1 - 烟用薄片及卷烟 - Google Patents

烟用薄片及卷烟 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011127677A1
WO2011127677A1 PCT/CN2010/073548 CN2010073548W WO2011127677A1 WO 2011127677 A1 WO2011127677 A1 WO 2011127677A1 CN 2010073548 W CN2010073548 W CN 2010073548W WO 2011127677 A1 WO2011127677 A1 WO 2011127677A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cigarette
sheet
tobacco
mesoporous composite
mesoporous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/073548
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李森盛
赵保军
谢旭东
方维远
吴晓东
林芬芬
高占甫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
XIAMEN ZHONGHAI DIAOTAI BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Original Assignee
XIAMEN ZHONGHAI DIAOTAI BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by XIAMEN ZHONGHAI DIAOTAI BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd filed Critical XIAMEN ZHONGHAI DIAOTAI BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Publication of WO2011127677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011127677A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/002—Cigars; Cigarettes with additives, e.g. for flavouring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/285—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances characterised by structural features, e.g. particle shape or size
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/18—Selection of materials, other than tobacco, suitable for smoking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, in particular to a sheet for cigarettes and a cigarette. Background technique
  • mainstream smoke refers to the smoke that smokers inhale into the mouth through the end of the cigarette or the filter when the cigarette is ignited.
  • sidestream smoke refers to the smoke that is directly released into the air when the cigarette is ignited.
  • Cigarette smoke contains many harmful substances such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrosamines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • mesoporous composites are not only larger than the surface due to their special structure, but also have specific additives or catalysts required for assembly in the mesopores, which can selectively adsorb, retain or catalytically convert harmful substances.
  • the mesoporous composite is preferably applied to cigarettes for the purpose of reducing damage.
  • mesoporous composites are used as harm reduction additives in cigarettes: one is to add mesoporous composite directly to cigarette cut tobacco; the other is to use mesoporous composite as filter material. Additives or make binary composite filters.
  • the additive amount of the tobacco damage-reducing additive is limited, the mesoporous composite is added in a small amount, and the harm reduction effect is not obvious; in the second mode, the mesoporous composite can be in the early stage of the cigarette combustion.
  • the harmful substances such as nitrosamines in the mainstream smoke act as adsorption, but as the cigarette burns, more and more smoke tar covers the mouth stick, reducing the active site of the mesoporous complex in the filter.
  • the mesoporous composite is added to the nozzle of the filter to adsorb only harmful substances such as nitrosamines in the mainstream smoke, and does not contribute to the sidestream smoke, and the harmful substances such as nitrosamines in the sidestream smoke.
  • the content is much higher than that in mainstream smoke. Therefore, in the above-described manner, the mesoporous composite cannot fully exert its detrimental effect.
  • the present invention provides a sheet for tobacco, wherein an appropriate amount of mesoporous composite is added to the sheet for tobacco, and the sheet for tobacco can be directly added to the cut tobacco, or even directly used for cigarettes.
  • the harm reduction effect of the mesoporous complex reduces the harmful substances in the cigarette smoke.
  • the present invention still further provides a cigarette to which the above-mentioned tobacco sheet is added, which is advantageous for reducing the injury to a smoker.
  • the present invention provides a sheet for tobacco, comprising: a sheet base, the sheet base containing
  • the sheet base contains 0.1 to 10% by mass of a mesoporous composite.
  • the sheet base contains 4 to 5% by mass of the mesoporous composite.
  • the present invention also provides a cigarette comprising a flammable portion of the cigarette comprising a tobacco sheet processed using the tobacco sheet provided above.
  • the tobacco flakes have a content of at least 3% by mass of the flammable portion of the cigarette, and the balance is cut tobacco.
  • the tobacco flakes have a silk content of at least 25% of the mass of the flammable portion of the cigarette, and the balance is cut tobacco.
  • the tobacco flakes have a silk content of 25-60% of the mass of the flammable portion of the cigarette.
  • the tobacco sheet and the cigarette provided by the invention use the flake sheet as a carrier, add the mesoporous composite having the harm reducing effect to the flake sheet, and cut the flake and the flake sheet separately, and then according to a certain ratio Mix, or mix the flakes with the flakes in a certain ratio and then cut them together, and then roll the mixed silk into a cigarette.
  • the existing mesoporous composite is overcome as a harm reduction additive Insufficient cigarettes: It not only solves the problem that the tar-covering filter in the mainstream smoke reduces the activity of the mesoporous composite, but also solves the problem of limited dose when directly adding the mesoporous composite on the tobacco, and also reduces the side.
  • the harmful components in the flue gas fully exert the harm reduction effect of the mesoporous composite.
  • the use of the flake sheet improves the combustibility of the cigarette, and can reduce the content of harmful substances such as CO generated during the combustion of the cigarette, thereby reducing the harm.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a sheet for tobacco according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a cigarette according to a third embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Mesoporous solid materials refer to porous solids having a pore size between 2 and 50 nm. Mesoporous solid materials have relatively large pore sizes and can handle larger molecules or groups. They are good shape-selective adsorption and catalysts. At present, it has been studied to modify mesoporous solid materials, that is, to introduce various functional guest substances to modify their surface properties, further improve the adsorption and catalytic properties of mesoporous solid materials, such as: A solid particle formed by the combination of non-metallic ultrafine particles (or molecules) physically or chemically placed in the pores of mesoporous solids has become an industrial new nanomaterial.
  • the mesoporous composite prepared by modifying the mesoporous solid material is applied to cigarettes, and utilizes its superior adsorption and catalytic properties to adsorb various harmful substances in the cigarette smoke, especially for the relatively large molecular volume.
  • Nitramine has a stronger adsorption effect to reduce harmful substances in cigarette smoke and reduce damage Function.
  • the mesoporous composite is used as a harm reduction additive to adsorb harmful substances in the cigarette smoke, and the adsorption and catalysis of the mesoporous composite cannot be fully exerted, which affects the reduction of the mesoporous composite in the cigarette. Harmful effect. Based on this, various embodiments of the present invention provide a technical solution capable of fully utilizing the adsorption and catalysis of the mesoporous composite.
  • the present embodiment provides a sheet for tobacco comprising a sheet base on which a mesoporous composite having a mitigating action is adsorbed.
  • a sheet for smoke is used as a carrier of the mesoporous composite, and a mesoporous composite having a harm reduction effect is applied to the cigarette.
  • the mesoporous composite adsorbed in the flake filament will exert its adsorption and catalysis, and reduce the harmful components in the cigarette smoke, especially the content of nitrosamine can be significantly reduced to achieve the purpose of harm reduction.
  • the tobacco sheet provided by the embodiment can effectively reduce the content of harmful components in the cigarette smoke through the adsorbed mesoporous composite, and reduce the harm caused by the cigarette smoke to the human body.
  • the content of the mesoporous composite added to the flake sheet is limited due to the process of preparing the flake sheet and the characteristics of the flake sheet itself.
  • the sheet of the flake sheet contains 0.01.
  • the mesoporous composite of ⁇ 40% by mass is preferably a mesoporous composite containing 0.1 to 10% by mass.
  • the tobacco sheet in the embodiment may be a tobacco sheet or a non-tobacco sheet.
  • tobacco flakes can be prepared by using a tobacco or tobacco by-product as a raw material, using an existing process (also called a papermaking process), and a pulping and papermaking process, which is discarded in the production of cigarettes. Or rejected tobacco residues, such as straw, tobacco leaf fragments, stems, etc., and may be added to the mesoporous composite in the process of preparing the tobacco sheet (eg, pulping section, coating section of the paper product) to prepare the mesopores A sheet of tobacco for the composite.
  • an existing process also called a papermaking process
  • rejected tobacco residues such as straw, tobacco leaf fragments, stems, etc.
  • the non-tobacco sheet may be used as a raw material for agricultural by-products other than tobacco, including crop straw, roots, stems, tea leaves, tea stems, and herbs, which provide fibrous tissue, and
  • a non-tobacco sheet can be prepared by a process similar to the preparation of a tobacco sheet, and a mesoporous composite can also be added during the preparation of the non-tobacco sheet to prepare a sheet for containing a mesoporous composite.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment is an example of preparing a tobacco sheet containing 4 to 5% by mass of a mesoporous composite, and the present invention provides a preparation process of the tobacco sheet comprising the mesoporous composite. Specifically, the present invention In the second embodiment, an agricultural by-product is used as a raw material to prepare a tobacco sheet comprising a mesoporous composite. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 11 soaking the agricultural by-products to obtain the swelling
  • the agricultural by-product can be placed in hot water of 60-80 ° C for immersion treatment for 20-30 minutes to obtain agricultural by-product swell, or the agricultural by-product is placed at room temperature water (this invention It is also called soaking treatment in a room temperature of 0.5 to 6 hours to obtain agricultural by-product swelling.
  • the solution of the present invention can also select a water soaking material higher than room temperature, but not higher than 80 ° C, and determine the appropriate soaking time according to the water temperature.
  • Step 12 The above-mentioned agricultural by-product swell is subjected to twisting to obtain crude fiber of agricultural by-product; specifically, the swollen agricultural by-product can be sent to the boring machine through the conveying device for silk processing, so as to facilitate subsequent operating.
  • Step 13 Washing the crude by-product of the agricultural by-product to obtain the agricultural by-product fiber; specifically, the crude agricultural by-product fiber may be placed in hot water of 60-80 ° C for 20-30 minutes of washing treatment; Obtaining agricultural by-product fibers, or placing the crude agricultural by-product fibers in normal temperature water for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain agricultural by-product fibers; by the above washing treatment, the hetero cells in the agricultural by-product fibers can be removed. And a part of water-soluble substances, such as nitrogen-containing compounds, for the purpose of purifying agricultural by-product fibers.
  • the solution of the present invention can also select water above room temperature, but not higher than 80 ° C as a washing solvent, and determine the appropriate washing time according to the water temperature.
  • Step 14 refining the agricultural by-product fiber to prepare an agricultural by-product slurry, and simultaneously preparing a reinforcing fiber slurry, and mixing the prepared reinforcing fiber slurry with the agricultural by-product slurry to obtain a mixed pulp.
  • the process of preparing the reinforced fiber slurry can adopt the process of preparing the reinforced fiber slurry in the papermaking process, which is not discussed in detail in this embodiment.
  • the addition of the reinforcing fibers is selective, depending on the strength requirements of the finished sheet. Since the agricultural by-products used have short fibers and a large amount of miscellaneous cells, the strength of the finished product during the papermaking process is poor. Therefore, depending on the type of agricultural by-product selected, it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of reinforcing fibers to most agricultural by-product slurries to increase the strength of the flakes.
  • reinforcing fibers are used to prepare a sheet for tobacco having a strength that meets the requirements of the cigarette processing technology.
  • the amount of reinforcing fiber slurry is generally controlled in the total amount of pulp. The amount is 0 ⁇ 40wt%, and the addition amount is preferably 20 ⁇ 40wt%.
  • Step 15 feeding the mixed slurry into the flushing tank, adding the filler and performing the dilution treatment, and adding the mesoporous composite while adding the filler as needed;
  • a dispersion of an appropriate amount of mesoporous composite may be added in this step ( It may be a water dispersion system to prepare a flake sheet containing 4 to 5% by mass of mesoporous composite.
  • This step is the first addition position in which the mesoporous composite can be added in this embodiment.
  • Step 16 the diluted mixed slurry is sent to the high-position box, and the retention aid is added to prepare a slurry, and the mesoporous composite may be added while adding the retention aid as needed;
  • the retention of the mixed slurry on the net is increased by adding a retention aid (e.g., guar gum) to the elevated tank, and the slurry pressure of the mixed slurry is stabilized for subsequent papermaking operations.
  • the retention aid should be a retention aid in accordance with the tobacco industry standard known in the art, and the present invention is not limited to its specific selection, and the addition amount is a conventional addition amount of the retention aid.
  • Mesoporous composites may also be added in the process, for example, the mesoporous complex solution is mixed with the retention aid and added to the mixed slurry, and the amount of the mesoporous composite solution is controlled to obtain 4 ⁇ 5% (mass) mesoporous composite smoke sheet. This process is the second addition location in which the mesoporous composite can be added in this embodiment.
  • Step 17 feeding the slurry into a forming wire for papermaking to obtain a sheet base
  • Step 18 performing a first drying process on the sheet base to remove most of the moisture in the sheet base;
  • Step 19 feeding the sheet base into the coating tank for coating treatment, and adding the mesoporous composite while coating the coating liquid as needed;
  • the dried sheet substrate is fed into a coating tank, and the prepared coating liquid is coated on the sheet base in a coating tank, wherein the coating liquid serves to increase the aroma
  • the coating liquid serves to increase the aroma
  • the mesoporous complex solution and the coating liquid may be mixed and applied together to the sheet base (the sheet base may already contain the mesoporous composite), and the mesoporous composite is controlled by The body solution is added in an amount to prepare a flake sheet containing a 4-5% by mass mesoporous composite.
  • This coating process is the third addition site in which the mesoporous composite can be added in this embodiment.
  • the sheet base is subjected to a second drying treatment to obtain a sheet for tobacco that satisfies the needs. For example, a sheet of tobacco having a mesoporous composite amount of 4 to 5% by mass and a water content of 10 to 13% and having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 mm is prepared.
  • the tobacco sheet containing the mesoporous composite can be prepared by the above three addition positions.
  • the mesoporous composite may be added at any of the above-mentioned addition positions.
  • the manner of addition may also be a combination method added at the same time in the above plurality of added positions.
  • the content of the interposer for the tobacco sheet is a total content.
  • the tobacco sheet prepared in the present embodiment contains 4 to 5% by mass of a mesoporous composite, which is applied to cigarettes, and solves the problem that the tar-covering filter in the mainstream smoke reduces the activity of the mesoporous composite.
  • the invention solves the problem that the dosage is limited when the mesoporous composite is directly added to the tobacco, and at the same time, the harmful components in the sidestream smoke can be reduced, and the adsorption and catalytic damage of the mesoporous composite are fully exerted.
  • the present embodiment provides a cigarette, i.e., the flammable portion of the cigarette (in the case of a filter-containing cigarette, the portion other than the filter) contains at least a portion of the tobacco sheet prepared by the method of the second embodiment.
  • a cigarette i.e., the flammable portion of the cigarette (in the case of a filter-containing cigarette, the portion other than the filter) contains at least a portion of the tobacco sheet prepared by the method of the second embodiment.
  • common cigarettes including cigarette paper, cut tobacco and filters.
  • the tobacco shredded tobacco of the present invention is uniformly mixed with the tobacco flakes cut by the tobacco flakes, specifically, the flakes and the flake flakes are respectively shredded, and then mixed in a certain ratio, or the flakes are smoked.
  • the yarn is shredded, and then the mixed yarn is rolled into a cigarette.
  • the tobacco sheet of this embodiment can be the sheet for tobacco provided in the first embodiment.
  • the flake sheet comprises a flake base, and the flake base contains 0.01-40% by mass of the mesoporous composite, preferably 0.1-10% by mass of the mesoporous composite.
  • the tobacco sheet may be a tobacco sheet or a non-tobacco sheet, and the sheet for smoking adsorbs the mesoporous composite to utilize the adsorption and catalysis of the mesoporous composite to reduce the harmful components in the cigarette smoke.
  • the mesoporous composite adsorbed by the tobacco sheet filament can effectively reduce the content of harmful components in the cigarette smoke, and reduce the harm caused by the cigarette smoke to the human body.
  • the content of tobacco flakes in cigarettes is at least 3% (mass) of the flammable portion of the cigarette, preferably 25-60% (mass), which can achieve the purpose of harm reduction without affecting The smoking style of cigarettes.
  • the flammable portion of the cigarette is entirely processed from a tobacco sheet which is made of a non-tobacco sheet (the tobacco sheet has a silk content of 100%)
  • the obtained cigarette is a safe cigarette which is completely free of cut tobacco.
  • the process of preparing the cigarette of the embodiment is illustrated by taking the agricultural by-product as an example. As shown in FIG. 2, the method specifically includes:
  • Step 21 preparing a tobacco sheet containing a mesoporous composite by using an agricultural by-product; in this step, the method for preparing the tobacco sheet provided in the second embodiment of the present invention can be used to prepare the tobacco sheet of the embodiment, and the detailed process can be Referring to the description of the second embodiment, the content of the mesoporous composite can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • step 22 the flakes and the obtained flake flakes are respectively shredded, and then mixed in a certain ratio, or the flakes and the obtained flake flakes are mixed in a certain ratio and then shred together, and then the mixed silk rolls are rolled. Made into cigarettes.
  • the process of shredding the tobacco sheet can be carried out by using a shredding process and equipment in the cigarette processing process, and the cut tobacco shred yarn is preferably substantially the same length and width as the shredded tobacco to be mixed with the ordinary shredded tobacco.
  • the process of shredding the flakes and the flakes in a certain ratio and then cutting them together can also be carried out by the shredding process and equipment in the cigarette processing process.
  • the mixing ratio of the tobacco sheet to the shredded tobacco may be from 3 to 100%, and the mixing ratio may be determined according to different cigarette requirements, preferably from 25 to 60% by mass.
  • the cigarette prepared in the present embodiment is obtained by adding a mesoporous composite having a harm reducing effect to a sheet for tobacco using a sheet for smoking as a carrier, and applying the sheet for cigarette to a cigarette.
  • a mesoporous composite as a harm reduction additive applied to cigarettes: it not only solves the problem that the tar-covering filter in the mainstream smoke reduces the activity of the mesoporous composite, but also solves the problem of adding on the tobacco
  • the mesoporous complex has a problem of limited dose, and at the same time, it can reduce the harmful components in the sidestream smoke, and fully exert the harm reduction effect of the mesoporous composite.
  • the use of the flake sheet improves the combustibility of the cigarette, and can reduce the release amount of harmful substances such as CO generated during the combustion of the cigarette, thereby reducing the harm.
  • the cigarettes prepared in the present embodiment are subjected to a sensory evaluation test, and the test results show that the cigarettes prepared in the embodiment basically maintain the original flavor-absorbing style, and the nitrous oxide in the smoke is added by adding different proportions of the tobacco sheets.
  • the harmful substances such as amine, 3, 4-benzopyrene, phenol, crotonaldehyde, CO, hydrocyanic acid and ammonia are all significantly reduced.
  • the action and effect of the tobacco sheet provided by the embodiment of the present invention in cigarettes will be described below by specific experimental data.
  • the experimental process specifically includes:
  • the mesoporous composite I is added during the pulping process, and Tobacco industry-recognized, safe flavoring flavoring additives were added during the coating process to prepare a tobacco sheet containing 5% by mass of mesoporous composite I.
  • the suspension of the mesoporous composite II is coated on the sheet base during the coating process, and coated with the tobacco industry-recognized and safe flavoring and flavoring additive.
  • the cloth was prepared to prepare a sheet of tobacco containing 4% by mass of mesoporous composite ruthenium.
  • the mesoporous composite I used in the experiment can be prepared by the preparation method of the existing mesoporous composite. For example, after the selected metal salt catalyst and distilled water are heated by stirring, a certain amount of mesoporous solid material is added for soaking. Then, the strong alkali solution is added under stirring, and after the precipitation is completed, the mesoporous composite I is obtained by hot filtration, washing, drying, and calcination.
  • the mesoporous complex II used in this experiment can also be obtained by the same method.
  • the obtained tobacco sheet containing 5% mesoporous composite I was shredded, and mixed with ordinary cut tobacco in a ratio of 25% by mass to make a cigarette.
  • the original smoking style of cigarettes is basically unchanged, and the smoke test results show that: 3, 4-benzopyrene in mainstream smoke is reduced by 24.6%, nitrosamine is reduced by 36%, and other harmful components are also Significantly reduced, while the harmful components in the sidestream smoke are also reduced, and the harm reduction effect is obvious.
  • the obtained tobacco sheet containing 5% mesoporous composite I was shredded and mixed with ordinary cut tobacco in a ratio of 50% by mass to make a cigarette.
  • the original smoking style of the cigarette is basically unchanged, and the smoke test results show that: 3, 4-benzopyrene in the mainstream smoke is reduced by 42.5%, nitrosamine is reduced by 44%, and other harmful components are also Significantly reduced, while the harmful components in the sidestream smoke are also reduced, and the harm reduction effect is significant.
  • the obtained tobacco sheet containing 4% of the mesoporous composite II was shredded and mixed with ordinary cut tobacco in a ratio of 50% by mass to make a cigarette.
  • the original smoking style of the cigarette is basically unchanged, and the smoke test results show that: 3, 4-benzopyrene in the mainstream smoke is reduced by 36.7%, nitrosamine is reduced by 35%, and other harmful components are also Significantly reduced, while the harmful components in the sidestream smoke are also reduced, and the harm reduction effect is outstanding.
  • the tobacco sheet and cigarette provided by the present invention, It can effectively reduce the release of harmful substances in cigarette mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke while maintaining the basic smoking style of cigarettes. It can also alleviate the tight supply of tobacco raw materials in the tobacco industry and reduce the tobacco in cigarettes. The amount of use has great social and economic benefits.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Description

烟用薄片及卷烟
技术领域
本发明涉及卷烟加工技术领域， 尤其涉及一种烟用薄片及卷烟。 背景技术
自从 20世纪 50年代初， 英国皇家医学会首次作出吸烟有害健康的官方 报道至今， 吸烟有害人类健康， 已经获得了社会的广泛认同， 吸烟与健康问 题也一直受到各国政府、 烟草行业及医学界的高度重视。 卷烟燃烧时会产生 主流烟气和侧流烟气。 主流烟气是指卷烟被吸燃时， 吸烟者通过烟支尾端或 过滤嘴吸入口腔的烟气， 而侧流烟气是指烟支引燃时， 直接释放到空气中的 烟气。 卷烟烟气中含有一氧化碳（CO )、 亚硝胺、 稠环芳烃等多种有害物质， 其中， 主流烟气中的有害成分直接危害吸烟者的健康， 而侧流烟气直接散布 在人群之中， 污染环境、 伤害被动吸烟者的健康。 因此， 如何降低卷烟燃烧 时产生的有害物质的含量， 实现减害是目前卷烟行业面临的重要课题。 而开 发具有减害作用的添加剂， 并将其应用到滤嘴和卷烟烟丝中已成为目前应用 最广泛的减害方法。
在众多的减害添加剂中，介孔复合体由于其特殊的结构， 不仅比表面大， 而且其介孔中组装有所需要的特定添加剂或催化剂， 能够选择性地吸附、 截 留或催化转化有害物质， 同时又可克服由于直接使用纳米粉体易扬尘、 难加 工和易被吸入人体而损害健康等缺点， 因此， 介孔复合体被优选应用到卷烟 中以实现减害的目的。 目前， 以介孔复合体作为减害添加剂应用于卷烟中的 方式主要包括两种： 一种是将介孔复合体直接添加到卷烟烟丝中； 另一种是 将介孔复合体作为滤嘴原料的添加剂或制成二元复合滤嘴。
但是， 上述两种方式都有不足。 在方式一中， 烟丝减害添加剂 （介孔复 合体） 的添加剂量受限， 介孔复合体加入量小， 减害效果不明显； 在方式二 中， 在卷烟燃烧初期介孔复合体可以对主流烟气中的亚硝胺等有害物质起到 吸附作用， 但是随着卷烟的燃烧， 越来越多的烟焦油覆盖在嘴棒上， 使滤嘴 中的介孔复合体的活性位点减少， 导致其吸附、 催化性能下降甚至失活， 并 且将介孔复合体加入滤嘴的嘴棒中只能吸附主流烟气中的亚硝胺等有害物 质， 对侧流烟气不起作用， 而侧流烟气中亚硝胺等有害物质的含量远远高于 主流烟气中的含量。 因此， 在上述方式中介孔复合体无法充分发挥其减害作 用。 发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷， 本发明提供一种烟用薄片， 该烟用薄片中添加 有适量的介孔复合体， 该烟用薄片可直接添加到烟丝中， 甚至直接用于卷烟， 充分发挥介孔复合体的减害作用， 降低卷烟烟气中的有害物质。
本发明还进一步提供了添加了上述烟用薄片的卷烟， 该卷烟有利于降低 吸烟者受到的伤害。
本发明提供了一种烟用薄片， 包括： 薄片片基， 所述薄片片基中含有
0.01-40% (质量） 的介孔复合体。
在上述所提供的烟用薄片中， 所述薄片片基中含有 0.1~10% (质量）的介 孔复合体。
在上述所提供的烟用薄片中， 所述薄片片基中含有 4~5% (质量）的介孔 复合体。
本发明还提供一种卷烟， 该卷烟的可燃部分包含有利用上述提供的烟用 薄片加工的烟用薄片丝。
在上述的卷烟中， 所述烟用薄片丝含量至少为该卷烟可燃部分质量的 3% , 余量为烟丝。
上述提供的卷烟中， 所述烟用薄片丝含量至少为该卷烟可燃部分质量的 25%, 余量为烟丝。
上述提供的卷烟中， 所述烟用薄片丝含量为该卷烟可燃部分质量的 25-60%。
本发明提供的烟用薄片及卷烟， 以烟用薄片作为载体， 将具有减害作用 的介孔复合体添加到烟用薄片中， 并将片烟与烟用薄片分别切丝， 然后按一 定比例混合， 或者将片烟与烟用薄片按一定的比例混合后一起切丝， 然后将 混合丝卷制成烟支。 一方面， 克服了现有介孔复合体作为减害添加剂应用于 卷烟时的不足： 既解决了主流烟气中的焦油覆盖滤嘴降低介孔复合体活性的 问题， 也解决了在烟丝上直接添加介孔复合体时剂量受限的问题， 同时还能 降低侧流烟气中的有害成分， 充分发挥了介孔复合体的减害作用。 另一方面， 烟用薄片的使用提高了卷烟的燃烧性， 可以降低卷烟燃烧过程中产生的 CO 等有害物质的含量， 起到减害作用。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些具体实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以对它们提出不同的修改方案。
图 1为本发明实施例二提供的烟用薄片的制备方法的流程图；
图 为本发明实施例三提供的卷烟的制备方法的流程图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和技术效果更加清楚， 下面将结合 本发明具体实施例中及相应附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 但以下实施例不能理解为对本发明的可实施范围的限定， 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所 获得的所有其它实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
介孔固体材料是指孔径在 2~50nm之间的多孔固体。 介孔固体材料具有 相对大的孔径， 可以处理较大的分子或基团， 是很好的择形吸附、 催化剂。 目前， 已有研究对介孔固体材料进行改性处理， 即引入各种功能的客体物质 调变它们的表面性质， 进一步提高介孔固体材料的吸附、 催化性能， 如： 将 纳米尺度的金属或非金属超微粒（或分子） 经物理或化学手段放入介孔固体 的孔内复合而成的一种固体粒子， 已成为一种工业化的新型纳米材料。 将由 介孔固体材料经改性处理制成的介孔复合体应用于卷烟中， 利用其优越的吸 附、 催化性能吸附卷烟烟气中的各种有害物质， 尤其是对分子体积相对较大 的亚硝胺具有更强的吸附效果， 以降低卷烟烟气中的有害物质， 起到减害的 作用。 但现有技术中， 使用介孔复合体作为减害添加剂吸附卷烟烟气中有害 物质的方式， 都不能充分发挥介孔复合体的吸附和催化作用， 影响了介孔复 合体在卷烟中的减害效果。 基于此， 本发明各实施例提供一种能够充分发挥 介孔复合体吸附、 催化作用的技术方案。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种烟用薄片， 包括薄片片基， 薄片片基上吸附有具有减 害作用的介孔复合体。 本实施例以烟用薄片作为介孔复合体的载体， 将具有 减害作用的介孔复合体应用于卷烟中。 在卷烟燃烧时， 烟用薄片丝中吸附的 介孔复合体将发挥其吸附、 催化作用， 降低卷烟烟气中的有害成分， 尤其可 以明显降低亚硝胺的含量， 达到减害的目的。
本实施例提供的烟用薄片通过吸附的介孔复合体可以有效降低卷烟烟气 中的有害成分的含量， 降低卷烟烟气对人体造成的危害。 但是， 由于制备烟 用薄片的工艺、 以及烟用薄片自身的特性的限制， 烟用薄片中添加介孔复合 体的含量是有限制的， 本实施例中烟用薄片的薄片片基中含有 0.01~40% (质 量） 的介孔复合体， 优选的为含有 0.1~10% (质量） 的介孔复合体。
其中， 本实施例中的烟用薄片可以采用烟草薄片或非烟草薄片。 若采用 烟草薄片，则可以以烟草或烟草副产物为原料，采用现有工艺（也称造纸法）， 经制浆和抄造工序， 制备烟草薄片， 所述烟草副产物是指香烟生产中被废弃 或剔除的烟草剩余物， 例如秸秆、 烟叶碎片、 烟梗等， 并且可以在制备烟草 薄片的过程（例如： 制浆工段、 抄造产物的涂布工段） 中添加介孔复合体以 制备包含介孔复合体的烟用薄片。
若采用非烟草薄片， 非烟草薄片可以采用除烟草以外的农业副产物作为 原料， 所述农业副产物包括可提供纤维组织的农作物秸杆、 根、 茎、 茶叶、 茶梗以及草本植物等， 并可采用类似制备烟草薄片的工艺制备非烟草薄片， 同样可以在制备非烟草薄片的过程中添加介孔复合体， 以制备包含介孔复合 体的烟用薄片。
实施例二 本实施例以制备含有 4~5% (质量）的介孔复合体的烟用薄片为例， 说明 本发明提供所述包含介孔复合体的的烟用薄片的制备过程。 具体的， 本发明 实施例二以农业副产物为原料来制备包含介孔复合体的烟用薄片， 如图 1所 示， 包括如下步骤：
步骤 11 , 将农业副产物进行浸泡处理， 获取润胀物；
具体地， 可以将农业副产物置于 60~80°C的热水中进行时间为 20~30分 钟的浸泡处理以获取农业副产物润胀物， 或者将农业副产物置于常温水（本 发明中也称室温水） 中进行时间为 0.5~6 小时的浸泡处理以获取农业副产物 润胀物。 当然， 本发明方案也可以选择高于室温， 但不高于 80°C的水浸泡原 料， 根据水温情况确定适当的浸泡时间。
步骤 12, 将上述农业副产物润胀物进行搓丝， 获取农业副产物粗纤维； 具体地， 可以通过输送装置将已经润胀的农业副产物送入搓丝机进行搓 丝处理， 以便于后续操作。
步骤 13 , 对农业副产物粗纤维进行洗涤处理， 获取农业副产物纤维； 具体地， 可以将农业副产物粗纤维置于 60~80 °C的热水中进行时间为 20-30 分钟的洗涤处理以获取农业副产物纤维， 或者将农业副产物粗纤维置 于常温水中进行时间为 30~60分钟的洗涤处理以获取农业副产物纤维； 通过 上述洗涤处理， 可以去除农业副产物纤维中的杂细胞和部分水溶性物质， 例 如含氮化合物， 以达到净化农业副产物纤维的目的。 当然， 本发明方案也可 以选择高于室温， 但不高于 80°C的水作为洗涤溶剂， 根据水温情况确定适当 的洗涤时间。
步骤 14, 将农业副产物纤维进行磨浆处理， 制取农业副产物浆料， 同时， 制取强化纤维浆料， 并将制取的强化纤维浆料与农业副产物浆料混合， 获取 混合浆料；
在该步骤中， 强化纤维浆料的制取过程可以采用造纸工艺中制取强化纤 维浆料的工序， 本实施例不再详细论述。 该强化纤维的加入是选择性的， 根 据所得到的薄片成品强度需要而定。 由于所使用的农业副产物的纤维短、 杂 细胞含量多， 在抄造过程中其成品的强度较差。 因此， 根据所选用农业副产 物种类不同， 在多数农业副产物浆料中加入适量的强化纤维增加薄片的强度 是必要的。 本实施例中通过加入强化纤维浆料， 利用强化纤维以制备强度符 合卷烟加工工艺要求的烟用薄片。 强化纤维浆料的加入量一般控制在成浆总 量的 0~40wt% , 加入量在 20~40wt%是比较好的。
步骤 15 , 将混合浆料送入沖浆池， 添加填料并进行稀释处理， 可根据需 要在添加填料的同时添加介孔复合体；
在该过程中， 通过向沖浆池中添加填料（例如轻质碳酸钙） ， 并加入水 稀释混合浆料到所需的浓度， 同时可以在该步骤中添加适量介孔复合体的分 散体系 （可以是水分散体系 ) , 以制备含有 4~5% (质量）的介孔复合体的烟 用薄片。 该步骤为本实施例中可以添加介孔复合体的第一添加位置。
步骤 16, 将经稀释处理的混合浆料送入高位箱， 添加助留剂， 制取成浆， 可根据需要在添加助留剂的同时添加介孔复合体；
在该过程中， 通过向高位箱中添加助留剂 （例如瓜尔胶） 以增大混合浆 料上网时的留着率， 并稳定混合浆料的浆压以便于后续抄造操作。 所述助留 剂应为本领域公知的符合烟草行业标准的助留剂， 本发明对其具体选择不做 限制， 其添加量为助留剂的常规添加量。 在该过程中也可以添加介孔复合体， 例如将介孔复合体溶液与助留剂混合后一起添加到混合浆料中， 并通过控制 介孔复合体溶液的添加量，以制取含有 4~5% (质量）介孔复合体的烟用薄片。 该过程为本实施例中可以添加介孔复合体的第二添加位置。
步骤 17, 将成浆送入成形网进行抄造处理， 获取薄片片基；
步骤 18, 对薄片片基进行第一次烘干处理， 去除薄片片基中的大部分水 分；
步骤 19, 将薄片片基送入涂布槽进行涂布处理， 可根据需要在涂布涂布 液的同时添加介孔复合体；
具体地， 将经过烘干处理后的薄片片基送入涂布槽， 在涂布槽中将制备 好的涂布液涂布在薄片片基上， 其中， 涂布液的作用是为了增加香气量、 去 除杂气、 提高烟气浓度、 降低刺激性、 改善余味、 提高口感舒适性等， 因此， 具有上述作用的物质制成的水溶液均可作为本实施例中的涂布液。 同时， 在 该过程中也可以将介孔复合体溶液与涂布液进行混合后一起涂布到薄片片基 上（该薄片片基可能已经含有了介孔复合体） ， 并通过控制介孔复合体溶液 的添加量， 以制取含有 4-5% (质量）介孔复合体的烟用薄片。 该涂布过程为 本实施例中可以添加介孔复合体的第三添加位置。 步骤 20,对薄片片基进行第二次烘干处理，以制取满足需要的烟用薄片。 例如， 制取含介孔复合体量为 4~5% (质量） 、 含水量为 10~13%的、 厚度为 0.3~0.4毫米的烟用薄片。
在此需要说明的是， 通过以上三个添加位置均可以制备出含有介孔复合 体的烟用薄片， 本发明中根据制备卷烟的要求， 添加介孔复合体可以采用在 上述任意一个添加位置进行添加的方式， 也可以采用在上述多个添加位置同 时添加的组合方式。 当在多个位置添加介孔复合体时， 所述烟用薄片中介孔 复合体的含量为总含量。
本实施例制备的烟用薄片中含有 4~5% (质量）的介孔复合体， 应用于卷 烟中， 既解决了主流烟气中的焦油覆盖滤嘴降低介孔复合体活性的问题， 也 解决了在烟丝上直接添加介孔复合体时剂量受限的问题， 同时还能降低侧流 烟气中的有害成分， 充分发挥了介孔复合体吸附、 催化的减害作用。
实施例三
本实施例提供一种卷烟， 即， 该卷烟的可燃部分（如果是带过滤嘴的香 烟， 则指除滤嘴外的部分）至少包含部分利用实施例二方法制备的烟用薄片。 对于常见的卷烟， 包括烟纸、 烟丝和过滤嘴。 本发明提供的卷烟的烟丝中均 匀地混合有所述烟用薄片切成的烟用薄片丝， 具体地， 将片烟与烟用薄片分 别切丝， 然后按一定的比例混合， 或者将片烟与烟用薄片按一定的比例混合 后一起切丝， 然后将混合丝卷制成烟支。 本实施例的烟用薄片可以采用实施 例一提供的烟用薄片。 其中， 烟用薄片包括薄片片基， 而薄片片基中含有 0.01-40% (质量） 的介孔复合体， 优选的为含有 0.1-10% (质量） 的介孔复 合体。 所述烟用薄片可以采用烟草薄片或非烟草薄片， 所述烟用薄片吸附了 介孔复合体以利用介孔复合体的吸附、 催化作用起到降低卷烟烟气中有害成 分的作用。
本实施例的卷烟中， 通过烟用薄片丝中吸附的介孔复合体可以有效降低 卷烟烟气中的有害成分的含量， 降低卷烟烟气对人体造成的危害。 而根据卷 烟的不同需求， 卷烟中烟用薄片丝的含量至少为卷烟的可燃部分的 3% (质 量）， 优选的为 25~60% (质量）， 即可达到减害的目的， 又不影响卷烟的吸 食风格。 当该卷烟的可燃部分全部由以非烟草薄片为原料的烟用薄片丝加工 (烟用薄片丝含量为 100% )而成时，得到的卷烟为完全不含烟丝的安全卷烟。 本实施例仍以农业副产物为例说明制备本实施例的卷烟的流程， 如图 2 所示， 具体包括：
步骤 21 , 以农业副产物为原料制备含有介孔复合体的烟用薄片； 本步骤可以采用本发明实施例二提供的烟用薄片的制备方法来制备本实 施例的烟用薄片， 详细过程可以参见实施例二的描述， 其中介孔复合体的含 量可以根据实际情况自行调整。
步骤 22,将片烟和所得到的烟用薄片分别切丝，然后按一定的比例混合， 或者将片烟与所得到的烟用薄片按一定的比例混合后一起切丝 , 然后将混合 丝卷制成烟支。
其中， 将烟用薄片切丝的过程可采用卷烟加工工艺中的切丝工序和设备 实现， 所切出的烟用薄片丝优选为与烟丝的长度、 宽度大致相同， 以便与普 通烟丝进行混合。 同样地， 将片烟与烟用薄片按一定比例混合后一起切丝的 过程也可采用卷烟加工工艺中的切丝工序和设备实现。 烟用薄片与烟丝的混 合比例可以为 3~100%,该混合比例可以根据不同的卷烟需求而定，优选的为 25-60% (质量 ) 。
本实施例制备的卷烟， 以烟用薄片作为载体， 将具有减害作用的介孔复 合体添加到烟用薄片中， 并将所述烟用薄片应用于卷烟。 一方面， 克服了现 有介孔复合体作为减害添加剂应用于卷烟时的不足： 既解决了主流烟气中的 焦油覆盖滤嘴降低介孔复合体活性的问题， 也解决了在烟丝上添加介孔复合 体时剂量受限的问题， 同时还能降低侧流烟气中的有害成分， 充分发挥了介 孔复合体的减害作用。 另一方面， 烟用薄片的使用提高了卷烟的燃烧性， 可 以降低卷烟燃烧过程中产生的 CO等有害物质的释放量， 起到减害作用。
进一步， 对本实施例所制备的卷烟进行感官评吸测试， 测试结果表明本 实施例制备的卷烟基本保持原有的吸味风格， 而通过添加不同比例的烟用薄 片， 其烟气中的亚硝胺、 3 , 4-苯并芘、 苯酚、 巴豆醛、 CO、 氢氰酸以及氨 等有害物质均有明显降低。
下面通过具体实验数据说明本发明实施例提供的烟用薄片应用于卷烟中 的作用和效果。 实验过程具体包括：
根据本发明实施例二提供的方法， 在制浆过程中加入介孔复合体 I , 并 在涂布过程中加入烟草行业公认的、安全的调香调味添加剂， 以制备含有 5% (质量） 的介孔复合体 I的烟用薄片。 并根据本发明实施例二提供的方法， 在涂布过程将介孔复合体 II的悬浊液涂布在薄片片基上， 同时涂布烟草行业 公认的、 安全的调香调味添加剂构成的涂布液， 以制备含有 4% (质量）的介 孔复合体 Π的烟用薄片。
其中， 本实验中所用的介孔复合体 I可以采用现有介孔复合体的制备方 法制备得到。 例如， 将选用的金属盐催化剂和蒸馏水经搅拌加热后， 加入一 定量的介孔固体材料进行浸泡。 然后， 在搅拌条件下加入强碱溶液， 待沉淀 完全后， 趁热过滤、 洗涤、 干燥、 煅烧， 即得所述介孔复合体 I。 本实验中 所用的介孔复合体 II也可以采用相同的方法制得。
实验 1
将制得的含有 5%的介孔复合体 I的烟用薄片切丝， 按照 25% (质量）的 比例与普通烟丝混合制成卷烟。 经感官评吸， 卷烟原有的吸食风格基本不变， 且烟气测试结果显示： 主流烟气中 3 , 4-苯并芘降低了 24.6% , 亚硝胺降低了 36%, 其它有害成分也有明显降低， 同时侧流烟气中的有害成分也得到了降 低， 减害效果明显。
实验 2
将制得的含有 5%的介孔复合体 I的烟用薄片切丝， 按照 50% (质量）的 比例与普通烟丝混合制成卷烟。 经感官评吸， 卷烟原有的吸食风格基本不变， 且烟气测试结果显示： 主流烟气中 3 , 4-苯并芘降低了 42.5%, 亚硝胺降低了 44% , 其它有害成分也有明显降低， 同时侧流烟气中的有害成分也得到了降 低， 减害效果显著。
实验 3
将制得的含有 4%的介孔复合体 II的烟用薄片切丝， 按照 50% (质量）的 比例与普通烟丝混合制成卷烟。 经感官评吸， 卷烟原有的吸食风格基本不变， 且烟气测试结果显示： 主流烟气中 3 , 4-苯并芘降低了 36.7% , 亚硝胺降低了 35% , 其它有害成分也有明显降低， 同时侧流烟气中的有害成分也得到了降 低， 减害效果突出。
进一步， 通过上述实验数据可以看出， 本发明提供的烟用薄片及卷烟， 不仅在保持卷烟吸食风格基本不变的前提下， 能够有效减少卷烟主流烟气和 侧流烟气中有害物质的释放量， 同时可以緩解烟草行业的烟草原料供应紧张 的状况， 降低卷烟中烟草的使用量， 具有很大的社会效益和经济效益。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权利 要求
1、 一种烟用薄片， 包括薄片片基， 其特征在于， 所述薄片片基中含有 0.01-40% (质量） 的介孔复合体。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的烟用薄片， 其特征在于， 所述薄片片基中含有 0.1-10% (质量） 的介孔复合体。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的烟用薄片， 其特征在于， 所述薄片片基中含有 4-5% (质量） 的介孔复合体。
4、 一种卷烟， 其特征在于， 该卷烟的可燃部分包含有利用权利要求 1-3 任一项所述的烟用薄片加工的烟用薄片丝。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的卷烟， 其特征在于， 所述烟用薄片丝含量至少 为该卷烟可燃部分质量的 3%, 余量为烟丝。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的卷烟， 其特征在于， 所述烟用薄片丝含量至少 为该卷烟可燃部分质量的 25%, 余量为烟丝。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的卷烟， 其特征在于， 所述烟用薄片丝含量为该 卷烟可燃部分质量的 25-60%。
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