WO2011117722A1 - Artificial skin part for tattooing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an artificial skin part capable of being pricked with tattoo needles. Said artificial skin part comprises a translucent outer layer, simulating the texture and consistency of human skin epidermis, and a sub-layer, preferably translucent, that directly makes contact with the outer layer and simulates the consistency of the dermis and hypodermis of human skin. Said sub-layer is thicker and softer than the outer layer, and a tattoo needle can pass through the outer layer into the sub-layer.

Description

 ARTIFICIAL SKIN PIECE FOR TATTOO

The invention relates to a piece with artificial skin, suitable; by tattooing needles, to train and to make tattoos / o ^"u die practicing tattoo art on a carrier other than human skin. It concerns a lso their methods of manufacture. It relates more specifically anatomical parts with artificial skin.

In the field of traditional tattooing, made with needles that encrust pigments under the skin to form a pattern, until now, to train, students tattooers use flat latex sheets, about 0, 5 cm thick.

These leaves do not represent the reality of the human body, especially human skin, and do not allow training didactic tattoo realistic enough. In addition, the rendering of tattoos on these sheets is very bland, and unrealistic. In particular, the colors obtained do not correspond perfectly to the colors of the inks used, for example a tattoo with a pink appearance that is more or less pale when a red ink is used.

We therefore seek to provide a new support for making tattoos more realistically.

The invention proposes for this purpose parts which have an external appearance close to the human skin and which also have the consistency. Human skin contains the epidermis, which is the surface layer of the skin, and below this epidermis lie the dermis and then the hypodermis.

The invention more specifically proposes an anatomical piece with artificial skin. This piece is tridimensional, it has a certain volume and / or relief. It has a certain realism in relation to the human body, especially the human skin. According to the invention, the piece comprises an exteïne layer. translucent, simulating the skin of ^e human skin, especially the texture and consistency of the epidermis. This layer. presents a texture with pores similar to the pores of human skin.

This outer layer is colorless or slightly tinted.

The part according to the invention also comprises an underlayer, which is directly in contact with the outer layer, which corresponds to the dermis and the hypodermis of the human skin, and which in particular simulates them. consistencies, this sub-layer ^'is both thicker and softer than the outer layer.

This outer layer and the underlayer are directly and intimately related.

This piece is able to be stitched with tattoo needles, at the level of the artificial skin, through the outer layer into the underlayer.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the solution makes it possible to provide a medium enabling. to learn how to make tattoos in a more realistic way, in particular by visualizing how the needles are pricked through the translucent outer layer.

The relative consistencies of the two outer layers and underlayer allow a more realistic feeling of the needle prick by the student tattooist.

Advantageously according to the invention, the underlayer is translucent, which makes it possible to reinforce the visualization of the quilting of the needle and, on the other hand, to obtain a very good rendering of the colors of the tattooed motifs.

More preferably, said undercoat is translucent and tinted. ^■

In one particular case, the underlayer is less. translucent as the outer layer. According to a second aspect of the invention, the solution therefore makes it possible to provide a medium that makes it possible to obtain more realistic tattoos in the manner of practicing the art of tattooing and also in obtaining a good one. end of the. tattooed patterns by the r definition and their colors.

Preferably, these two layers are based on a silicones composition. The outer layer is based on translucent silicones and preferably the underlayer too. They are more particularly based on silicone elastomers. More particularly, the silicone elastomers are cold crosslinkable elastomers, that is, at room temperature. Siiicone elastomers crosslinkable to. cold are sometimes called siiicones "RTV" according to the initials of the English expression "Room Temperature Vulcanizing".

Preferably silicones suitable for carrying out the invention are two-component silicone elastomers, which cross-link by condensation at room temperature.

The compositions for making each of the layers also include silicones from a silicone oil. This oil was added to the silicone elastomers before the addition of the crosslinking agent, and therefore before crosslinking the silicone composition.

Silicones are preferably used for producing the parts according to the invention, since they make it possible to obtain a feeling to the touch and elasticity close to the skin, the dosages in particular in silicone oil make it possible to adjust the appearance and the consistency of the layers according to the counter-typing of desired skin, in particular more or less soft.

The outer layer and the underlayer are in contact with each other, intimately bonded, that is to say, they adhere to each other without any bonding, thanks to the ability of silicone compositions to adhere to each other. one to another.

More particularly, the outer layer has a thickness about 1 mm and the underlayer has a thickness of about 3 mm.

The room with skin. Artificial is such that the outer layer and the _{under-cou.che} are based on crosslinked siiicones translucent resulting from a mixture of silicone oil and silicone elastomers. preferably cross-linkable by condensation at room temperature, and the quantity of ^silicone oil relative to the amount of siiicones elastomers being greater in the composition of the sub-layer than in the composition of the outer layer.

More specifically, the piece according to the invention is such that the outer layer is formed essentially of a composition of translucent silicones _. base of two-component silicone elastomers, crosslinkable by condensation at ambient temperature, mixed with a silicone oil added in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably 3 to 7%, relative to the elastomers, the composition Siiicones being crosslinked under the action of a crosslinking agent set in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10% relative to the total composition of silicones (elastomeric mixture and oil), preferably between 3 and 7%. This outer layer is translucent.

Also preferably according to the invention, the underlayer is based on a composition of silicones based on two-component silicone elastomers, which can be crosslinked by condensation at ambient temperature, mixed with a silicone oil added in a quantity by weight. between 20 and 50%, preferably 30 to 40%, relative to the elastomers. This mixture is crosslinked under the action of a crosslinking agent set in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10% relative to the total composition of silicones (elastomeric mixture and oil), preferably between 3 and 7%. This silicones composition also comprises dyes, in particular natural pigments, which make it possible to give this piece a color, in particular close to the desired skin color. The natural pigments can be chosen from pigments of blue, red, yellow, white and green color, and mixtures thereof. This underlayer is translucent and tinted.

The color "skin" of the underlayer will be transparent to through the outer layer which is translucent.

This underlayer is softer than the outer layer because it has a larger amount of silicone oil.

.Subproduct this layer, will be located, totally integral with ^"means the outer layer. Because of the properties of these silicones which adhere together. The base material of the silicone. Polymer is the same as that used for the. Outer layer.,

According to the invention, the part preferably comprises an internal framework. This internal framework can be based. of. resin in the form of a layer which is relatively rigid. This resin layer may be a resin resulting from a polymer composition _^ bi-component based on a polyol and a hardener, especially a di-isocyanate to form a polyurethane resin More particularly the di-isocyanate is used of diphenylmethane (MDI). This layer further comprises fillers such as solid micro-beads, based on silica.

According to a variant of the invention, this resin forming the framework may be a semi-rigid silicone foam. The particularity and interest of this silicone foam is its perfect adhesion with the silicone underlayer.

According to another variant, the frame may be a conventional metal frame, which may include joints. Such a metal frame is advantageous in the case where one wants to make a complex piece with joints such as an arm or a leg, or even achieve a bust or a complete body.

pièces selon l'invention permettent dé piquer les aiguilles conformément à la méthode traditionnelle de tatouage qui incruste les encres à environ^' 1,5 à 2,5 mrrî (en moyenne 2 mm) de profondeur sous la peau, l"aiguilie traversant ainsi î'épid.erme (ici la couche externe), pour., arriver jusque dans la partie derme/hypoderme (ici la sous-couche). Il a été remarqué que c'est notamment la profondeur de l'insertion de l'aiguille qui permet d'obtenir un bon rendu des motifs tatoués. The parts produced according to the invention are particularly remarkable insofar as they allow learning, ease. of the practice of tattoos. and this with the feeling close to reality. They also make it possible to have a rendering of tattoos, patterns made by incrustation of pigments (inks) with needles, very clear and particularly realistic, and whatever the color of the tattoo pigments. .In

parts according to the invention enable pricking needles according to the conventional watermarking method which embeds inks to about ^'1.5 to 2.5 mrrî (average 2 mm) deep under the skin, the "aiguilie thus crossing î epidermis (here the outer layer), to reach the dermis / hypodermis (here the underlayer) It has been noticed that it is notably the depth of the insertion of the needle which allows to obtain a good rendering of tattooed motifs.

The invention also relates to the method of manufacturing a piece with artificial skin such as. previously described.

The part can be manufactured by rotational molding or by injection into a mold. Rotational molding remains the most appropriate implementation to achieve the various layers to simulate human skin and perform tattoos with good results.

 In the first place, a mold is made which will be used to make the piece. This mold is made according to known techniques. First of all, a first matrix is formed by molding on the model to be reproduced, for example an anatomical part of a person, with a specific composition, in particular of alginate and / or dermatological silicone, which makes it possible to reproduce the pores of the skin. , consolidated by a frame in plaster strips. Then we draw a prototype by casting a modeling clay, and we correct the imperfections. A material, preferably silicones, is then cast on this rectified prototype to form the mold that will be used to produce the part according to the invention. This way of making the mold will reproduce the pores of the skin on the outer layer of the room.

 From a practical point of view, this silicone mold is coated with vaseline so that the. silicone composition that will be injected into it to form the outer layer does not adhere to it and that the part can easily be demolded.

According to a first embodiment, a part according to the invention is produced in the following manner: - in a mold, notably .obtenu as described above, is injected first composition silicosis based crosslinkable silicone elastomers, ^'especially by condensation, auxq els was added a silicone oil, in a. quantity

^'Included Entre 1 and 1.0% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% ,. relative to the elastomers, and then added a crosslinking agent _. an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the silicone mixture (elastomer mixture and oil);

the interior of the mold is coated with this composition by multidirectional rotational molding,

- Then it is allowed to crosslink and dry said composition at room temperature for several hours, from 2 to 24 hours, in particular of the order of 12 hours;

a second silicone composition is then injected, based on crosslinkable silicone elastomers, in particular by condensation, to which a silicone oil has been added, in an amount by weight of between 20 and 50%, preferably 30 to 40%, relative to the elastomers, and then added a crosslinking agent in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the mixture of silicones (elastomeric mixture and oil), as well as dyes, preferably natural pigments, this composition being applied to the first layer by multidirectional rotomoulding,

- Then allowed to crosslink and dry this composition at room temperature for several hours, from 2 to 24 hours, in particular of the order of 12 hours,

a third composition which will form the framework of the part, which is applied to the second layer (underlayer) by multidirectional rotomoulding, is injected, this composition being either a resin resulting from a polymer based on polyol; and a hardener, especially a di-isocyanate to form a polyurethane resin, or a silicone foam, and allowed to dry at room temperature until the resin is cured, finally, the part thus formed is demolded.

The dyes for dyeing the second composition may be added to the silicone mixture prior to the addition of the catalyst, or just after its addition. ..

The silicones used for the first composition are translucent to form a layer that is too. The silicones used for the second composition are also translucent, especially when it is desired that the layer that it forms is translucent.

According to a second embodiment, a part according to the invention is produced as follows:

in a mold, a metal framework is introduced, optionally including a hinge,

and then the two silicone compositions are injected and rotomolded successively as described previously, that is to say that:

a first silicone composition based on crosslinkable silicone elastomers, in particular by condensation, to which a silicone oil has been added, is injected in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably 3 and 7%, relative to to the elastomers, then added a crosslinking agent, in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the mixture of silicones (elastomers and oil),

the interior of the mold is coated with this composition by multidirectional rotational molding,

- Then it is allowed to crosslink and dry said composition at room temperature for several hours, from 2 to 24 hours, in particular of the order of 12 hours,

a second silicone composition based on crosslinkable silicone elastomers, in particular by condensation, to which a silicone oil has been added, is then injected into a •. weight quantity between 20 and 50%, preferences- ^• 30-40%, compared to the elastomer, and then added a cross-linking agent, in a weight amount between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the mixture of silicones (elastomers and oil), and also dyes, preferably natural pigments, composition which is applied to. the first, multidirectional rotomoulding layer,.

then it is allowed to crosslink and dry this composition at room temperature for several hours, from 2 to 24 hours, in particular of the order of 12 hours,

and finally, the part thus formed is demolded.

The first silicone composition will form the outer layer of the piece, simulating the epidermis of human skin.

The second composition of silicones will form the underlayer of the piece, simulating both the dermis and the hypodermis of the human skin.

Each silicone composition is injected in an amount that makes it possible to obtain a layer according to the required thickness, ie approximately 1 mm for the first layer (outer layer) and about 3 mm for the second layer (underlayer, respectively). )

The piece may further include a hair implantation at the level of the artificial skin to give a more realistic character to the room. To do this, one can for example perform a reimplantation hair by hair using a needle to implant. This implantation of hair allows in particular to train more realistically to achieve tattoos.

The invention also relates to the use of an artificial skin part comprising an outer layer and an underlayer: respectively simulating the epidermis of the skin and the dermis and the hypodermis, as described above, to perform tattoos in stinging needles in this artificial skin, through the outer layer into the underlayer, preferably to a depth of between 1.5 and 2.5 mm. The invention also relates to a piece artificial skin such that ■ ^': described above and which comprises watermarked one-pattern-:, q.ui .a -been. made by incrustation .d'encres (pigments) into the sublayer of said room, using tattoo needles,., according to the traditional tattooing method. The motive ^' tattooed. presents a similar rendering, both in terms of the fineness of lines and of ^■ . ^• the intensity, and the return of colors, to that of a pattern that would have been tattooed on human skin. Inks of. tattoo are embedded at a depth of about 1.5 to 2.5 mm in the room.

The room according to the invention can also 'include ^' an interior lighting that will better see the tattooed pattern and highlight.

The invention more specifically relates to artificially-shaped artificial skin parts, in particular having an anatomical shape of the human body. However, it also aims three-dimensional pieces having a volume and relief of other aspect, fanciful shape, provided with artificial skin tattooable (or tattooed), especially for making art objects.

The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following Examples 1 to 3, in accordance with the invention.

Example 1

An anatomical piece with artificial skin is produced according to the invention, which will represent a hand, in the following manner.

 In the first place, a mold is made which will be used to make the three-dimensional part.

A first matrix is formed by molding a live model hand with a specific composition of alginate and / or dermatological silicone, and a plaster band reinforcement. Then we draw a prototype ^' by pouring a modeling clay for the molding marketed under the name' Plastiline 'by the French company HERBIN and the imperfections are corrected. Silicones are then cast on this rectified prototype to form the mold which will be used to produce the three-dimensional part according to the invention. The pores of the skin are reproduced on the prototype. This way of realize the mold can reproduce ^' the ^' . · pores of the skin on the,. ■ outer layer of the room.

 This mold has a hole for injection.

^• The mold thus obtained, after being coated with Vaseline,. is arranged on a machine ^■ ■ rotomoulding multidirectionnei,. · mold in which it will inject ^a first composition of translucent silicone to form the outer layer.

This first silicone composition is based on a bicomponent silicone elastomer, crosslinking by condensation at room temperature, sold under the name "TRECOSIL RTV 6007" by the French company POLYESTER 93. To this elastomer, an oil was added to this elastomer. 5% standard silicone based on the weight of elastomer. A crosslinking agent just before injection was added to the elastomer and oil mixture at a level of 5% by weight relative to this silicone mixture.

This composition is injected into the mold which is rotated multidirectionally so that the composition forms a layer that conforms to the shapes of the mold. This layer is allowed to crosslink for about 12 hours at room temperature.

The layer obtained has a thickness of about 1 mm and a translucent appearance.

To form the underlayer, a second silicone-based composition is then injected. For this composition, the same elastomer silicone is used as for the outer layer, the room-temperature condensation-curing two-component silicone "TRECOSIL RTV 6007". Standard silicone oil was also added to 35% by weight of elastomer was also added .. ^'to this mixture. a small amount of natural pigments (primary colors plus white) which will give a skin-color tint: Just before injection, these ingredients have been added to a cross-linking agent at a level of 5% by weight relative to the mixture. of silicones (oil and elastomers).

As before, this second composition is injected into the mold in rotation .multidire.ctio.nnel to take the shapes of the mold by covering the first layer which. constitutes the outer layer. This composition will form the underlayer, it has a thickness of about 3 mm and has some humility. EUe.est softer than the first layer of u that it comprises: n ^'e greater amount of silicone oil ..

A third layer is then formed which will constitute a framework for the part.

This third layer is a polyurethane resin, formed by injection of a bi-component resin at the bottom of a polyoi and a hardener, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), marketed under the name "BIRESIN G27" by the company French Polyester 93. The two components, polyoi and hardener being separated, is made beforehand, just before injection, their mixture equal weight shares. In addition to this mixture, before injection, a silica filler in the form of solid microbeads was added to 20% to 30% of the total mass of resin.

This third composition is also applied inside the mold, on the previously formed underlayer, by rotational molding. This third layer is quite rigid, it has a thickness of about 5 mm. She has a relatively white color.

We have so. obtained an anatomical piece representing a hand, with a volume and a relief, and with a skin which has properties, at the level of the consistency and the texture, similar to that of the human skin.

This hand is then tested with artificial skin. performing a tattoo according to the traditional method of tattooing that uses needles to inlay an ink into the skin. We prick with a needle until about 2 mm in the thickness of the skin Artificial piece thus obtained, by crossing the outer layer into the underlayer, to inlay the ink and form I. pattern. The realized pattern has a very good rendering. If we compare it to a tattooed motif on a (real) human skin, it has an aspect very near to this: The fineness of the lines, the intensity of the colors is good. and the colors of the tattoo ink are very faithfully reproduced, regardless of the color of the ink.

The undercoat adheres completely to the first layer which ^'forms the outer layer. The silicone compositions used here. have the remarkable property of adhering to one another - without the need for additional gluing.

In addition, we can place a lighting inside this room, which due to a certain transparency of the room, allows to have a better visibility of the tattooed motif and to highlight it.

This anatomical piece with artificial skin according to the invention, allows a tattoo artist to practice his art and / or a tattoo student to train to perform tattoos in conditions close to reality, on a three-dimensional model in volume and relief and, moreover, to appreciate the result because of a rendering of the motif, with a reproduction of the colors, relatively realistic.

This piece can be used as an exhibition object showing tattoo models or as an art object.

Example 2

An artificial anatomical piece is produced according to the invention, which will represent a hand.

In this example 2, from a mold as performed in Example 1, the outer layer and the underlayer of the anatomical part are produced with silicone compositions and in accordance with Example 1.

In this example 2, the framework of the part is produced by injecting a crosslinkable silicone foam which has a certain: flexibility with the memory of forms. This foam _. .de - if I icon: adhère-: .parfaitement the under-couch made previously, ^this' wh ich allows for -.une homogeneous. , .. ...... -. ·

Similarly, as in Example 1, we test the realization of a tattoo according to. the. traditional method of tattooing with needles and. a very good rendering of tattooing is observed, the part making it possible to pierce the needle of the outer layer into the underlayer.

You can also put a light inside the room to highlight the tattooed pattern.

Example 3

An artificial anatomical piece is produced according to the invention, which will represent an articulated hand.

According to this example 3, a mold is made from taking an impression on a person's hand as described in Example 1.

Inside the mold, end uit vaseline, is placed a metal frame with joints similar to those of the phalanges of a hand.

A first silicone composition made according to the first composition described in Example 1 is then injected through the metal framework to form, by rotomoulding and after crosslinking for approximately 12 hours at room temperature, the outer layer of the part .

A second silicone composition made in accordance with the second composition described in Example 1 is then injected through the metal framework to form by. rotomolding and after crosslinking for about 12 hours at room temperature, the underlayer.

We unmolded and thus obtained a tridimensional piece, having a volume and relief, which is articulated. ^■ · · This piece ^'this, properties; similar to those obtained previously, with in addition to the articulations. This piece is also tested for the tattoo by pricking with needles that pass through the outer layer into the underlayer. We obtain as before A very good rendering of the tattoo.

One can even add a lighting inside the _. piece to put .. worth the tattooed pattern.

In the description and examples, the term "crosslinking agent" is used, but sometimes the term "catalyst" is used in the data sheets of the suppliers to designate this agent.

The foregoing description clearly explains how the invention achieves the goals it has set for itself. The. parts according to the invention have in particular an appearance and a consistency close to the human skin that allows a tattoo artist to practice his art or a student tattooist to practice making needle tattoos in realistic conditions, with a rendering tattoo, also very realistic.

It nevertheless follows from the foregoing that the invention is not limited to the modes of implementation which have been specifically described and that it extends on the contrary to any variant passing through equivalent means. The invention can be applied to artificial skin parts of various shapes or even planes. It can also be applied to permanent makeup which is made using needles and is suitable for the pigments used.

Claims

E V E D I C AT IO N S ■ 1. :. Artificial skin piece adapted to be pricked with tattoo needle comprising a translucent outer layer, sim ulant texture and ^'the consistency of the epidermis of the human skin, and an undercoat layer that is directly in contact with the layer external, simulating the consistency of the dermis and hypodermis of human skin, this underlayer being thicker and softer than the outer layer, a tattooing needle can pass through said outer layer j usque in said sub-layer. 2. Part according to claim 1, characterized in that said sub-layer is translucent. 3. Part according to one of revendications 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer layer has a thickness of about 1 mm and the underlayer has a thickness of about 3 mm. 4. Part according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer layer and the undercoat are based on crosslinked translucent silicones, resulting from a mixture of a silicone oil and silicone elastomers. preferably crosslinkable by condensation at ambient temperature, the amount of silicone oil relative to the. a high proportion of silicone elastomers being more important in the composition of the underlayer than in the composition of the outer layer. 5. Part according to one of the preceding claims ications, characterized in that the outer layer is based on a crosslinked translucent silicone composition, which comprises Two-component silicone elastomers, which cross-links. by condensation at room .température in admixture with a ^silicone oil carried UNE- amount by weight e.ntre 1 and 1 0%, preferably 3-7%, based on the composition, of elastomers, ^the mixture being crosslinked under the action of a crosslinking agent which is put into a weight content of between 1 and 10% of the mixture, of. preferably between 3 and 7%. _6.. Part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underlayer is based on a crosslinked silicone composition, preferably translucent, which comprises bicomponent silicone elastomers cross-linking by condensation at ambient temperature, in admixture with a silicone oil set in an amount by weight of between 20 and 50%, preferably 30 to 40%, relative to the elastomer composition, the mixture being crosslinked under the action of a a crosslinking agent set in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10% relative to the silicone composition, preferably between 3 and 7%, and dyes. 7. Part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an internal frame selected from a polyurethane resin and a silicone foam. 8. Part according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the frame is in the form of a metal frame, including in particular u articulation. 9. Part according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has an anatomical shape of the human body. 1 0. Method of manufacturing a piece with artificial skin such as. defined in one of claims 1 to 7 or 9, characterized in that. :. . In a mold, a first translucent silicone composition based on elastomers is injected. of reticulated silicone _. lables, especially by condensation, in admixture with a silicone oil, preferably in an amount by weight, of between 1 and 10%, more preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the elastomers, a mixture to which is added a crosslinking agent, in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the silicone mixture; the inside of the mold is coated with this composition by rotational muitidirectional molding, - Then it is allowed to crosslink and dry said composition at room temperature for 2 to 24 hours, to form a first layer which will constitute the outer layer; a second silicone composition is then injected, preferably translucent, based on crosslinkable silicone elastomers, in particular by condensation, in a mixture with a silicone oil, placed in a quantity by weight of between. 20 and 50%, preferably 30 to 40%, relative to the elastomers, a mixture to which a crosslinking agent has been added, in. an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the silicone mixture ,. as well as dyes, preferably natural pigment composition which ^is' appliq.ue on the first layer by rotational molding muitidirectionnel, and then it is allowed to crosslink and dry this composition at ambient temperature for 2 to 24 hours, to form a second layer. which will constitute the underlayer; injecting a third composition which will form the framework of the part, this composition being either formed of a polyol mixture and a hardener, in particular a di-isocyanate to form a polyurethane resin, or a silicone foam, composition which is applied to the second layer by _: multidirectional rotomoulding, then allowed to dry at room temperature until the resin cures; finally, the part thus formed is demolded. 11. A method of manufacturing a part as defined in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: - In a mold, is introduced a metal frame, optionally comprising a hinge; a first composition of translucent silicones based on crosslinkable silicone elastomers, in particular by condensation, mixed with a silicone oil, is preferably injected into the mold through this framework, preferably placed in a quantity by weight of between 1 and 10%, more preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the elastomers, a mixture to which a crosslinking agent has been added, in an amount by weight of between 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, relative to the mixture. of silicones the interior of the mold is coated with this composition by multidirectional rotational molding, and then it is allowed to crosslink and dry said composition at room temperature for 2 to 24 hours, to form a first layer which will constitute the outer layer; ^: - ^on:: then injected, -through the metal frame, a second composition of silicones, preferably translucent, based on: -réticulables of silicone elastomers, in particular, by condensation, in admixture with a silicone oil, put in one. an amount by weight of from 20 to 50%, preferably from 30 to 50% by weight. 40%, with respect to the elastomers, a mixture to which a crosslinking agent has been added, in an amount by weight of between _. 1 and 10%, preferably between 3 and 7%, based on the mixture, of silicones, as well as dyes, preferably natural pigments, composition which is applied to the first layer by multi-directional rotomoulding, - Then it is allowed to crosslink and dry this composition at room temperature for 2 to 24 hours, to form a second layer which will be the underlayer; and finally, the part thus formed is demolded. 12. Manufacturing process according to one of claims 1 0 or 1 1, characterized in that the mold for making the piece is made as follows: a first die is molded from the reproducing model, in particular an anatomical part of a person, with a specific alginate and / or rmatological silicone composition for reproducing the pores of the skin; consolidated by an armature in plaster bands; - A prototype is drawn by pouring, in this matrix, a modeling clay for the molding and the imperfections are corrected; - we run away. material; preferably silicones, on this prototype rectified to form the mold that will be used to make the piece. 13. Artificial skin piece ^' as defined in one of claims 1 to 9 or manufactured according to one of claims 10 to 1.2, comprising a tattooed pattern made by incrustation inked in said skin, to a depth between .1,5 and 2,5 mm, using tattoo needles. 14. Use of an artificial skin component as defined in one of claims 1 to 9 or manufactured according to one of claims 10 to 12 for making tattoos with needles by pricking through the outer layer into the underlay, particularly at a depth of between 1.5 and 2.5 mm, for embedding the tattoo inks and forming a pattern.