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WO2011115459A2 - Batterie zinc-air - Google Patents

Batterie zinc-air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011115459A2
WO2011115459A2 PCT/KR2011/001903 KR2011001903W WO2011115459A2 WO 2011115459 A2 WO2011115459 A2 WO 2011115459A2 KR 2011001903 W KR2011001903 W KR 2011001903W WO 2011115459 A2 WO2011115459 A2 WO 2011115459A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zinc
membrane
air
battery
polymer material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2011/001903
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Other versions
WO2011115459A3 (fr
Inventor
류병훈
공재경
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EMW Energy Co Ltd
Original Assignee
EMW Energy Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EMW Energy Co Ltd filed Critical EMW Energy Co Ltd
Publication of WO2011115459A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011115459A2/fr
Publication of WO2011115459A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011115459A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621—Binders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621—Binders
    • H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/023—Gel electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air zinc battery, and more particularly, a polymer material is incorporated into a negative electrode part of an air zinc battery, which is generated through a negative electrode reaction, and evaporation of water used for the positive electrode reaction is suppressed, and thus overall efficiency and lifespan.
  • This relates to an air zinc battery that can be improved.
  • batteries have been widely used as a means for supplying power to electrical equipment.
  • primary batteries such as manganese batteries, alkaline manganese batteries and zinc-air batteries, nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel hydrogen (Ni-H) batteries, lithium ion batteries and the like 2
  • Primary batteries were used.
  • the air zinc battery provides a relatively high voltage of 1.4 V, and has the advantage of high energy density and large discharge capacity.
  • an air zinc battery includes a membrane 10 as a positive electrode and a zinc gel 16 as a negative electrode, and a separator 12 is interposed between the membrane 10 and the zinc gel 16. do.
  • the film 10 and the zinc gel 16 are accommodated in the conductive positive electrode 18 and the negative electrode 20, respectively, to constitute a battery.
  • the membrane 10 is a permeable membrane containing water molecules and generates hydroxide ions (OH ⁇ ) in contact with oxygen in the air. This reaction can be represented by the following formula.
  • the hydroxide ions generated by the above-described chemical reaction are transferred through the separator 12 to the zinc gel 16 which is the cathode.
  • the separator 12 is permeable to hydroxide ions while preventing the zinc gel 16 from leaking and insulating the zinc gel 16 from the membrane 10.
  • the zinc gel 16 mainly contains zinc powder, and the additive and the electrolyte are mixed. Usually, an aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution is used as the electrolyte.
  • KOH potassium hydroxide
  • hydroxide ions When hydroxide ions are transferred into the zinc gel 16, the zinc powder reacts with and oxidizes with the hydroxide ions. This reaction can be represented by the following formula.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, by containing a polymer material in at least a part of the zinc gel that functions as the cathode of the air zinc battery produced by the negative electrode reaction to suppress the evaporation of water used in the positive electrode reaction Its purpose is to be able to improve the efficiency and lifetime of the overall battery.
  • a pneumatic zinc battery comprising a membrane functioning as a positive electrode of the battery, and a negative electrode portion formed on the lower portion of the membrane, containing a zinc and a polymer material.
  • the negative electrode part may include a zinc dense layer and a polymer layer formed on the zinc dense layer and including a polymer material.
  • the cathode part may further include a zinc / polymer mixture layer interposed between the dense zinc layer and the polymer layer and including a mixture of zinc and a polymer material.
  • the negative electrode portion has a higher concentration of the polymer material incorporated into the zinc gel toward the top.
  • the lowermost part of the negative electrode part may include a pure zinc gel, and the uppermost part of the negative electrode part may include a pure polymer material.
  • the polymer material may have a gel shape.
  • the polymer material may be a material including at least one selected from methylene, disacrylamide, ethylene, 1-dinyl, and 2-tyrrolidiol.
  • the membrane may receive electrons generated by a chemical reaction at the cathode and react with oxygen in the air to generate hydroxide ions.
  • Zinc contained in the cathode may react with the hydroxide ions generated by the reaction in the membrane to generate water molecules.
  • the polymeric material inhibits evaporation of the resulting water molecules.
  • the air zinc battery may further include a separator interposed between the membrane and the cathode to isolate the membrane from the cathode.
  • the air zinc battery may further include a case surrounding the membrane and the negative electrode.
  • the zinc gel serving as a negative electrode of the air zinc battery contains a polymer material, the evaporation of water generated by the negative electrode reaction and used for the positive electrode reaction can be suppressed, and thus the efficiency of the battery and The life can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional air zinc battery.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an air zinc battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of an air zinc battery according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an air zinc battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air zinc battery of the present invention includes a membrane 110 as a positive electrode, a negative electrode portion 120 filled with zinc gel as a negative electrode, and a membrane 110 and a negative electrode portion 120. It may be configured to include a separator (130) intervening. In addition, it may be configured to further include a case 140 surrounding the entire air zinc battery.
  • the membrane 110 is the same as the anode membrane provided in a conventional air zinc battery, and may include water molecules.
  • the membrane 110 includes a catalyst layer 111 and a metal mesh 112 that react with oxygen in air to cause a reaction of Chemical Formula 1, and a hydrophobic membrane 113 disposed to prolong battery life by preventing carbon dioxide absorption. Can be configured.
  • the catalyst layer 111 is mainly made of a carbon material
  • the metal mesh 112 is made of a conductive material.
  • the metal mesh 112 may be a path of movement of electrons generated by a chemical reaction occurring in the film 110.
  • the hydrophobic film 113 may be composed of a material having an inert (for example, Teflon).
  • the separator 130 is provided under the membrane 110 to isolate the membrane 110 from the cathode 120.
  • the separator 130 may be implemented to be bonded to the bottom surface of the catalyst layer 110, which is one component of the membrane 110.
  • the membrane 110 reacts with the chemical formula 1 to generate hydroxide ions, which must be transferred to the cathode unit 120 through the separator 130. Therefore, the separator 130 is preferably made of a material having ion permeability, for example, a polypropylene material.
  • Cathode portion 120 generates a chemical reaction of the formula (2) as a function of the negative electrode in the air zinc battery. By this reaction, water molecules are generated in the cathode portion 120, and the water molecules move to the membrane 110 as an anode and are used for the chemical reaction of Chemical Formula 1.
  • the negative electrode unit 120 according to the present invention includes a polymer material at least in part, thereby preventing the evaporation of the water molecules so that the total amount of moisture is constantly preserved. This will be described later in detail.
  • Case 140 serves to protect the entire component as an exterior material of the air zinc battery.
  • One or more air holes 141 may be formed on the upper surface of the case 140, that is, the surface adjacent to the membrane 110 to allow the membrane 110 to react with oxygen in the air to perform a chemical reaction of Chemical Formula 1. have.
  • a terminal exposing portion 142 may be formed on the bottom surface of the case, that is, the surface adjacent to the negative electrode portion 120 to extend the negative electrode terminal of the air zinc battery to be exposed to the outside.
  • the negative electrode unit 120 which can be referred to as a characteristic configuration of the present invention, will be described in detail.
  • the cathode part 120 may be formed in a multilayer structure.
  • the negative electrode part 120 is a zinc dense layer 121 filled with a zinc gel functioning as a negative electrode in an air zinc battery, and a zinc / polymer mixed layer 122 sequentially stacked on the zinc dense layer 121. And a polymer layer 123.
  • the zinc dense layer 121 causes the reaction of Formula 2 to generate electrons. These electrons are transferred to the film 110 through the separator 130 via the zinc / polymer mixed layer 122 and the polymer layer 123.
  • the zinc dense layer 121 also generates water molecules through the reaction of Chemical Formula 2. These water molecules migrate towards the membrane 110 and are used for chemical reaction in the membrane 110 represented by the formula (1).
  • the moisture should be kept as a whole.
  • the chemical reaction at the anode 110 does not occur sufficiently, thereby inevitably reducing the efficiency and overall life of the air zinc battery.
  • a high-molecular material is interposed on the zinc dense layer 121, thereby reducing the total moisture in the air zinc battery. That is, by forming the zinc / polymer mixed layer 122 and the polymer layer 123 on the dense zinc layer 121, the polymer material is to suppress the evaporation of the water so that the overall amount of water can be maintained substantially constant.
  • the polymer material has a low ionic conductivity but plays a role of significantly suppressing the rate of water loss at a high speed.
  • the zinc / polymer mixed layer 122 has a lower ion conductivity and a lower water loss degree than the zinc dense layer 121
  • the polymer layer 123 has a lower ion conductivity and a lower ion conductivity than the zinc / polymer mixed layer 122. It will have a degree of water loss. Therefore, the water loss generated in the process of moving the water molecules generated in the dense zinc layer 121 and the zinc / polymer mixed layer 122 to the membrane 110 can be suppressed.
  • the polymer material in the zinc / polymer mixture layer 122 and the polymer layer 123 may have a gel shape, such as the shape of zinc in the zinc dense layer 121.
  • the gel shape may be formed by mixing starch, cellulose, DVA, or the like with zinc or a polymer material powder.
  • the polymer material one or more of methylene, disacrylamide, ethylene, 1-dinyl, and 2-tyrrolidiol may be used.
  • FIG 5 is a cross-sectional view of an air zinc battery showing the structure of a negative electrode unit 120 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cathode part 120 includes a filled zinc gel, but the bottom part includes only pure zinc gel, and the upper part, that is, the membrane 110.
  • the polymer material may be mixed into the zinc gel at an increasingly higher concentration toward the) direction. Accordingly, a section made of only a polymer material is formed at the top of the cathode part 120, and a section in which a zinc gel and a polymer material are mixed together is formed in the middle part.
  • Evaporation may be suppressed by the polymer material in the process of moving the water molecules generated in the cathode portion 120 according to the second embodiment and also due to the chemical reaction occurring in the zinc gel to the membrane 110. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the overall amount of moisture.
  • the polymer material may also be in the shape of a gel like the polymer material in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • cathode part 120 other components except for the cathode part 120 are the same as in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à une batterie zinc-air. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, une batterie zinc-air est fournie et comprend : un film qui tient lieu de pôle positif de la batterie ; et une partie de pôle négatif qui est prévue sur une partie inférieure du film et qui inclut du zinc et une substance à poids moléculaire élevé.
PCT/KR2011/001903 2010-03-18 2011-03-18 Batterie zinc-air Ceased WO2011115459A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2010-0024073 2010-03-18
KR1020100024073A KR101198029B1 (ko) 2010-03-18 2010-03-18 공기 아연 전지

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011115459A2 true WO2011115459A2 (fr) 2011-09-22
WO2011115459A3 WO2011115459A3 (fr) 2012-01-12

Family

ID=44649743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR2011/001903 Ceased WO2011115459A2 (fr) 2010-03-18 2011-03-18 Batterie zinc-air

Country Status (2)

Country Link
KR (1) KR101198029B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011115459A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101778059B1 (ko) * 2015-11-11 2017-09-14 주식회사 이엠따블유에너지 공기 아연 전지

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1154161A (ja) * 1997-08-06 1999-02-26 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気亜鉛電池
JP2001176564A (ja) 1999-10-07 2001-06-29 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 空気電池
JP2002343450A (ja) * 2001-05-11 2002-11-29 Toshiba Battery Co Ltd 空気亜鉛電池
US7179310B2 (en) * 2003-07-03 2007-02-20 The Gillette Company Zinc/air cell with improved anode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011115459A3 (fr) 2012-01-12
KR101198029B1 (ko) 2012-11-07
KR20110105051A (ko) 2011-09-26

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