WO2011113299A1 - Method and device for regulating frequency of switching power supply - Google Patents
Method and device for regulating frequency of switching power supply Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011113299A1 WO2011113299A1 PCT/CN2011/000385 CN2011000385W WO2011113299A1 WO 2011113299 A1 WO2011113299 A1 WO 2011113299A1 CN 2011000385 W CN2011000385 W CN 2011000385W WO 2011113299 A1 WO2011113299 A1 WO 2011113299A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting the frequency of a switching power supply and a control device for the switching power supply. Background technique
- the IC control circuit of the switching power supply detects that the current minimum value of the output inductor is lower than a predetermined value (such as 0). , switching the operating frequency of the switching power supply to a very low value, so that the power supply operates in the frequency hopping mode
- control switching power supply operates at a fixed operating frequency (the fixed operation is performed when the various power converter control modes are different)
- the frequency may fluctuate within a small range).
- the switching power supply operates in the non-frequency hopping mode, and the operating frequency of the switching power supply can only be fixed at a fixed frequency.
- the prior art In order to ensure the quality of the power output of the switching power supply at the time of heavy load under the selected passive components, the prior art usually designs a higher operating frequency for the switching power supply. During normal user use, the actual load is fluctuating and most of the time the load is below the maximum load design value. In this case, the switching power supply does not require a high frequency to meet the quality of the output power supply. According to the analysis of the energy loss of the switching power supply of the notebook's central processing unit (CPU) and the test data of the operating frequency, the energy loss of the power supply is proportional to its operating frequency, gp, the higher the operating frequency of the power supply, the energy loss of the power supply. The larger, therefore, the continuous operation of the switching power supply at higher frequencies will add a lot of unnecessary energy loss. Summary of the invention
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the frequency of a switching power supply and a control device for the switching power supply, thereby improving power efficiency and saving power consumption of the power source.
- An aspect of the present invention provides a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply, including: acquiring a load current value of the switching power supply; determining a current interval to which the acquired load current value belongs; according to a preset current interval and frequency Corresponding relationship between the frequencies corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, The corresponding relationship includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, The frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than a frequency corresponding to the second current interval; and adjusting an operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
- a control device for a switching power supply including: a current acquisition unit that acquires a load current value of the switching power supply; and an interval determining unit that determines a current interval to which the acquired load current value belongs; The frequency determining unit determines, according to a correspondence between the preset current interval and the frequency, a frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, wherein the corresponding relationship includes at least a first current interval that does not overlap each other a second current interval, wherein, when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, the frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than the second current interval And a frequency control unit that adjusts an operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
- a portable device comprising a switching power supply for supplying power, and the above-described control device.
- the method for adjusting the frequency of the switching power supply and the control device for the switching power supply provided by the embodiments of the present invention divide the load current of the switching power supply into different intervals, and select the interval with a larger current value. Larger operating frequency; conversely, a smaller operating frequency is selected, so that the operating frequency can be properly adjusted following the load current, thereby avoiding the energy loss caused by the switching power supply always operating at a higher frequency, thereby improving the power supply. Efficiency, saving power consumption.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a current acquisition unit in the control device shown in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the embodiments of the present invention are directed to the problems existing in the design of the switching power supply of the prior art, and propose a frequency intelligent control scheme, which automatically changes the operating frequency of the switching power supply according to the change of the load current, thereby improving the power efficiency and saving the power consumption of the power source. .
- the present invention will be further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Bright.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power supply system includes a main circuit system 20 that receives input power, a power control system 30, and a control device 10 that controls the switching frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the main circuit system 20 and the power control system 30 are conventional.
- the embodiment of the present invention adds a control device to adjust the switching frequency of the switching power supply.
- the control device according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains, for example, a load current value from the main circuit system, and switches the power supply control system 30 to adjust the switching frequency of the main circuit system in accordance with the obtained load current value.
- the power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to portable devices such as notebook computers, mobile terminals, and tablet computers.
- the control device 10 of the switching power supply provided in this embodiment specifically includes: a current acquiring unit 110, which acquires a load current value of the switching power supply; and a determining unit 120, which compares the load current value with a predetermined threshold.
- the interval determining unit 130 determines, in the case that the switching power supply is in a heavy load, the current interval to which the determined load current value belongs; the frequency determining unit 140, according to the preset Corresponding relationship between the current interval and the frequency, determining a frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, wherein the correspondence relationship includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein When the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, the frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than the frequency corresponding to the second current interval; the frequency control unit 150, Adjusting the operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
- the predetermined threshold is set to a maximum load current value of the switching power supply in the frequency modulation mode.
- the switching power supply operates in a non-hopping mode.
- the non-frequency hopping mode means that the load current of the switching power supply is greater than the maximum load current value of the switching power supply in the frequency hopping mode.
- the method for obtaining the load current of the switching power supply may adopt a voltage drop method, that is, an element having a predetermined impedance value is disposed on an output circuit of the switching power supply, and the current acquisition unit 110 collects a load current of the switching power supply on the element.
- the generated voltage drop that is, the voltage difference between the two ends of the element is measured; and then the voltage drop is divided by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the load current value of the switching power supply.
- the above components may specifically utilize existing components in the circuit of the switching power supply, such as the output inductor of the switching power supply or the switching transistor of the switching power supply; or an additional precision resistor having a small resistance value may be provided on the switching power supply output circuit.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a current acquisition unit 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Pressure drop collection The element 111 collects the voltage drop generated by the load current of the switching power supply on the element, that is, measures the voltage difference between the two ends of the element; and then the calculation unit 112 divides the voltage drop by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the The load current value of the switching power supply.
- the determining unit 120 determines whether the acquired load current value is less than a predetermined current threshold value.
- a current threshold value such as a maximum load current value in the frequency modulation mode
- the output signal is used to control the switching power supply to operate in a frequency hopping mode
- the pulse frequency modulation PFM mode is used to adjust the operation of the switching power supply. frequency.
- another signal is output to activate the interval determining unit 130.
- control device 10 further includes a modulating unit (not shown) that controls the output voltage of the switching power supply by using a pulse width modulation PWM method when the switching power supply operates at the determined frequency. .
- control device 10 further includes a correspondence determining unit (not shown) that divides a current range from the current threshold to a maximum load current value of the switching power source into at least two a current interval; testing a minimum operating frequency of the switching power supply at a predetermined output voltage quality requirement under a load of each of the current intervals to obtain a frequency corresponding to each of the current intervals.
- a correspondence determining unit (not shown) that divides a current range from the current threshold to a maximum load current value of the switching power source into at least two a current interval; testing a minimum operating frequency of the switching power supply at a predetermined output voltage quality requirement under a load of each of the current intervals to obtain a frequency corresponding to each of the current intervals.
- the load current range supported by the switching power supply is divided into at least two current intervals in advance, and any two current intervals do not overlap each other.
- the load current range of the first current value to the second current value may be divided into at least two current intervals, where the first current value is greater than a maximum of the switching power supply in a skip mode
- the load current value, the second current value is a maximum load current value that the switching power supply can provide, thereby dividing the load current range of the switching power supply in the non-frequency hopping mode into at least two current intervals.
- the correspondence between the current interval and the frequency is further preset.
- the current interval a corresponds to The frequency A is greater than the frequency B corresponding to the current interval b.
- the current range of I0 ld is divided into five current intervals, as shown in Table 1 below.
- the operating frequency of the switching power supply is divided into five levels, for example, from small to large are 100 Hz, 200KHz, 300KHz, 400KHz and 500KHz, and then established as shown in Table 1 below.
- the current interval of each row in Table 1 corresponds to the frequency of the row:
- the current value obtained by the current acquisition unit 110 is Ix
- the current interval to which Ix belongs is (11, 12)
- the corresponding frequency is 200 kHz.
- the operating performance when the switching power supply provides the load current of each current interval at different operating frequencies can be measured in advance, and an appropriate corresponding frequency is selected for each current interval, so that when the switch When the power supply operates at the corresponding frequency, the load capacity requirement of the current interval can be satisfied, that is, the output precision and the stability satisfy the design requirement voltage, and the working efficiency of the switching power supply can reach a predetermined threshold.
- the current range with a larger current value has a higher frequency; the current interval with a smaller current value has a lower frequency.
- the switching power supply when the switching power supply load is small, the switching power supply operates at a lower operating frequency to reduce the energy loss of the power supply; when the switching power supply load is large, the operating frequency of the switching power supply is increased, and the output meets the design.
- the required voltage Relative to the maximum design load, the switching power supply usually operates in a lower load range for most of the time, so this embodiment can improve the overall energy consumption efficiency of the power supply.
- the switching power supply can usually support a variety of operating frequencies.
- the IC control circuit of some switching power supplies has a port for controlling the operating frequency of the switching power supply.
- the frequency control unit 150 can change the voltage of the port.
- the operating frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to the determined frequency.
- the modulation unit of the embodiment controls the output voltage of the switching power supply by using a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode, and adjusts the output voltage.
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- the air ratio that is, when the switching power supply operates at the determined frequency, adopts a PWM method to adjust the pulse width of the output voltage according to the current load current, the input voltage, and the output voltage of the switching power supply.
- the current acquisition unit 110, the determination unit 120, the interval determination unit 130, the frequency determination unit 140, the frequency control unit 150, and the modulation unit may be integrated in an IC (Integrated Circuit) controller of a switching power supply, such as a diagram Among the power control systems 30 shown in FIG. Of course, it can also be designed as an independent peripheral circuit.
- IC Integrated Circuit
- the frequency control device of the switching power supply divides the load current of the switching power supply into different intervals, and selects a larger working frequency for the interval with a larger current value; , select a smaller operating frequency, so that the operating frequency can be properly adjusted according to the load current, avoiding the energy loss caused by the switching power supply always operating at a higher frequency, thereby improving the power efficiency and saving the power consumption.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Step S21 the current acquisition unit 110 acquires a load current value of the switching power supply.
- the current obtaining unit 110 acquires the load current of the switching power supply by using a voltage drop method, gP, and setting an element having a predetermined impedance value on the output circuit of the switching power supply to collect the load current of the switching power supply.
- the voltage drop generated on the element that is, the voltage difference between the two ends of the element is measured; and then the voltage drop is divided by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the load current value of the switching power supply.
- the above components may specifically utilize existing components in the circuit of the switching power supply, such as the output inductor of the switching power supply or the switching transistor of the switching power supply; or an additional precision resistor having a small resistance value may be disposed on the switching power supply output circuit.
- Step S22 the determining unit 120 determines whether the load current value is less than a predetermined current threshold: if yes, proceeds to step S23; otherwise, proceeds to step S24.
- Step S23 the determining unit 120 outputs a control signal to control the switching power supply to operate in the frequency hopping mode, and adjust the operating frequency of the switching power supply by using a pulse frequency modulation PFM mode.
- the predetermined current threshold is a threshold for controlling the switching power supply to enter the frequency hopping mode.
- the adjusting switching power supply operates in the frequency hopping mode, and the pulse frequency modulation PFM is adopted according to the current load current of the switching power supply.
- the mode adjusts the operating frequency of the switching power supply to save power consumption.
- BP in frequency hopping mode, The operating frequency of the switching power supply is based on its load current modulation.
- Step S24 the section determining unit 130 determines a current interval to which the load current value belongs, and proceeds to the step.
- step S25 the frequency determining unit 140 determines the frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs according to the correspondence between the preset current interval and the frequency, and then proceeds to step S26, where the correspondence includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than a current upper limit value of the second current interval, the first current interval corresponds to The respective current intervals having a frequency greater than the frequency corresponding to the second current interval do not overlap each other, and the current interval having a larger current value corresponds to a larger frequency.
- Step S26 the frequency control unit 150 adjusts the operating frequency of the switching power supply to the frequency determined in step S25.
- Another embodiment of the present invention accordingly provides a portable device employing the control device.
- the power supply system using the control device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a portable device, which also saves power consumption, improves energy consumption efficiency, and makes standby time longer.
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Abstract
Description
用于调整幵关电源频率的方法和装置 技术领域 Method and device for adjusting the frequency of a power supply
本发明涉及开关电源技术领域， 具体涉及一种开关电源的频率的调整方法和开 关电源的控制装置。 背景技术 The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting the frequency of a switching power supply and a control device for the switching power supply. Background technique
现有技术的电源控制设计中， 开关电源的工作频率的变换有以下几种方式- In the power control design of the prior art, there are several ways to change the operating frequency of the switching power supply -
1. 以开关电源的输出电感输出三角波电流为例： 当负载电流很轻时， 例如， 开 关电源的 IC控制电路侦测到输出电感上的电流最小值低于某个预定值（如 0) 时， 将开关电源的工作频率切换到一个很低的值， 使得电源工作在跳频模式1. Take the output inductor output of the switching power supply as an example: When the load current is very light, for example, the IC control circuit of the switching power supply detects that the current minimum value of the output inductor is lower than a predetermined value (such as 0). , switching the operating frequency of the switching power supply to a very low value, so that the power supply operates in the frequency hopping mode
( skip-mode ); 反之， 当输出电感上的电流最小值高于上述预定值时， 则控制开关 电源工作在某个固定的工作频率 （各种电源转换器控制方式不同时， 该固定的工作 频率可能会在小范围内波动）。 (skip-mode); Conversely, when the minimum value of the current on the output inductor is higher than the above predetermined value, the control switching power supply operates at a fixed operating frequency (the fixed operation is performed when the various power converter control modes are different) The frequency may fluctuate within a small range).
2. 当开关电源的负载电流大于上述预定值时， 开关电源工作在非跳频模式下， 开关电源的工作频率只能固定在一个固定频率下工作。 2. When the load current of the switching power supply is greater than the above predetermined value, the switching power supply operates in the non-frequency hopping mode, and the operating frequency of the switching power supply can only be fixed at a fixed frequency.
为了在已选定的无源元件下， 保证开关电源在重载时输出的电源质量， 现有技 术通常会为开关电源设计一个较高的工作频率。 在用户正常使用期间， 实际负载是 一直波动的， 而且大部分时间负载会低于最大负载设计值。 在这种情况下开关电源 不需要很高的频率就可以满足输出电源的质量。 根据对笔记本电脑的中央处理器 (CPU) 的开关电源的能量损耗与工作频率的测试数据的分析， 电源的能量损耗与 其工作频率成正比， gp， 电源的工作频率越大， 电源的能量损耗也就越大， 因此， 开关电源持续工作在较高频率将增加很多不必要的能量损耗。 发明内容 In order to ensure the quality of the power output of the switching power supply at the time of heavy load under the selected passive components, the prior art usually designs a higher operating frequency for the switching power supply. During normal user use, the actual load is fluctuating and most of the time the load is below the maximum load design value. In this case, the switching power supply does not require a high frequency to meet the quality of the output power supply. According to the analysis of the energy loss of the switching power supply of the notebook's central processing unit (CPU) and the test data of the operating frequency, the energy loss of the power supply is proportional to its operating frequency, gp, the higher the operating frequency of the power supply, the energy loss of the power supply. The larger, therefore, the continuous operation of the switching power supply at higher frequencies will add a lot of unnecessary energy loss. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种开关电源的频率的调整方法和开关电源的控制装置， 提升电源效率， 节约电源能耗。 The object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the frequency of a switching power supply and a control device for the switching power supply, thereby improving power efficiency and saving power consumption of the power source.
本发明的一个方面， 提供了一种开关电源的频率的调整方法， 包括： 获取所述 开关电源的负载电流值； 确定所获取的负载电流值所属的电流区间； 根据预设的电 流区间与频率之间的对应关系，确定与所述负载电流值所属的电流区间对应的频率， 其中， 所述对应关系至少包括互不重叠的第一电流区间和第二电流区间， 其中， 在 所述第一电流区间的电流下限值大于所述第二电流区间的电流上限值时， 所述第一 电流区间对应的频率大于所述第二电流区间对应的频率； 以及， 调整所述开关电源 的工作频率为所确定的频率。 An aspect of the present invention provides a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply, including: acquiring a load current value of the switching power supply; determining a current interval to which the acquired load current value belongs; according to a preset current interval and frequency Corresponding relationship between the frequencies corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, The corresponding relationship includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, The frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than a frequency corresponding to the second current interval; and adjusting an operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
在本发明的另一方面， 提供了一种开关电源的控制装置， 包括： 电流获取单元， 获取所述开关电源的负载电流值； 区间确定单元， 确定所获取的负载电流值所属的 电流区间； 频率确定单元， 根据预设的电流区间与频率之间的对应关系， 确定与所 述负载电流值所属的电流区间对应的频率， 其中， 所述对应关系至少包括互不重叠 的第一电流区间和第二电流区间， 其中， 在所述第一电流区间的电流下限值大于所 述第二电流区间的电流上限值时， 所述第一电流区间对应的频率大于所述第二电流 区间对应的频率； 以及， 频率控制单元， 调整所述开关电源的工作频率为所确定的 频率。 In another aspect of the present invention, a control device for a switching power supply is provided, including: a current acquisition unit that acquires a load current value of the switching power supply; and an interval determining unit that determines a current interval to which the acquired load current value belongs; The frequency determining unit determines, according to a correspondence between the preset current interval and the frequency, a frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, wherein the corresponding relationship includes at least a first current interval that does not overlap each other a second current interval, wherein, when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, the frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than the second current interval And a frequency control unit that adjusts an operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
在本发明的又一方面， 提供了一种便携设备， 包括一用于供电的开关电源， 以 及上述的控制装置。 In still another aspect of the invention, a portable device is provided, comprising a switching power supply for supplying power, and the above-described control device.
从以上所述可以看出， 本发明实施例提供的开关电源的频率的调整方法和开关 电源的控制装置， 通过将开关电源的负载电流划分为不同的区间， 对于电流值较大 的区间， 选择较大的工作频率； 反之， 则选择较小的工作频率， 使得工作频率能够 跟随负载电流进行恰当的调整， 避免了开关电源总是工作在较高频率下所产生的能 量损耗， 从而提升了电源效率， 节约了电源能耗。 附图说明 It can be seen from the above that the method for adjusting the frequency of the switching power supply and the control device for the switching power supply provided by the embodiments of the present invention divide the load current of the switching power supply into different intervals, and select the interval with a larger current value. Larger operating frequency; conversely, a smaller operating frequency is selected, so that the operating frequency can be properly adjusted following the load current, thereby avoiding the energy loss caused by the switching power supply always operating at a higher frequency, thereby improving the power supply. Efficiency, saving power consumption. DRAWINGS
图 1为本发明实施例的电源系统的结构示意图； 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 2为本发明实施例的开关电源的控制装置的结构示意图； 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 3为如图 2所示的控制装置中的电流获取单元的结构示意图； 3 is a schematic structural view of a current acquisition unit in the control device shown in FIG. 2;
图 4为本发明实施例的开关电源的频率的调整方法的流程图。 具体实施方式 FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
本发明实施例针对现有技术的开关电源设计中存在的问题， 提出一种频率智能 控制方案， 根据负载电流的变化， 自动改变开关电源的工作频率， 从而提升了电源 效率， 节约了电源能耗。 以下将结合附图， 通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说 明。 The embodiments of the present invention are directed to the problems existing in the design of the switching power supply of the prior art, and propose a frequency intelligent control scheme, which automatically changes the operating frequency of the switching power supply according to the change of the load current, thereby improving the power efficiency and saving the power consumption of the power source. . The present invention will be further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Bright.
图 1为本发明实施例的电源系统的结构示意图。 如图 1所示， 电源系统包括接 收输入电源的主电路系统 20、 电源控制系统 30和根据本发明实施例的控制开关频 率的控制装置 10， 其中主电路系统 20和电源控制系统 30是传统的电源系统中的部 件，本发明的实施例在此基础上增加了控制装置来对开关电源的开关频率进行调节。 根据本发明实施例的控制装置例如从主电路系统获得负载电流值， 根据获得的负载 电流值通关电源控制系统 30来调节主电路系统的开关频率。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system includes a main circuit system 20 that receives input power, a power control system 30, and a control device 10 that controls the switching frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the main circuit system 20 and the power control system 30 are conventional. In the power supply system, the embodiment of the present invention adds a control device to adjust the switching frequency of the switching power supply. The control device according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains, for example, a load current value from the main circuit system, and switches the power supply control system 30 to adjust the switching frequency of the main circuit system in accordance with the obtained load current value.
根据本发明实施例的电源系统可以应用于诸如笔记本电脑、 移动终端和平板电 脑之类的便携式设备中。 The power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to portable devices such as notebook computers, mobile terminals, and tablet computers.
图 2为本发明实施例的开关电源的控制装置的结构示意图。 如图 2所示， 本实 施例提供的开关电源的控制装置 10具体包括： 电流获取单元 110， 获取所述开关电 源的负载电流值； 判断单元 120， 通过将负载电流值与一预定阈值进行比较来判断 开关电源是处于轻载状态还是重载状态； 区间确定单元 130， 在开关电源处于重载 的情况下， 确定所确定的负载电流值所属的电流区间； 频率确定单元 140， 根据预 设的电流区间与频率之间的对应关系， 确定与所述负载电流值所属的电流区间对应 的频率， 其中， 所述对应关系至少包括互不重叠的第一电流区间和第二电流区间， 其中， 在所述第一电流区间的电流下限值大于所述第二电流区间的电流上限值时， 所述第一电流区间对应的频率大于所述第二电流区间对应的频率； 频率控制单元 150， 调整所述开关电源的工作频率为所确定的频率。 2 is a schematic structural view of a control device for a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 10 of the switching power supply provided in this embodiment specifically includes: a current acquiring unit 110, which acquires a load current value of the switching power supply; and a determining unit 120, which compares the load current value with a predetermined threshold. To determine whether the switching power supply is in a light load state or a heavy load state; the interval determining unit 130 determines, in the case that the switching power supply is in a heavy load, the current interval to which the determined load current value belongs; the frequency determining unit 140, according to the preset Corresponding relationship between the current interval and the frequency, determining a frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs, wherein the correspondence relationship includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein When the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than the current upper limit value of the second current interval, the frequency corresponding to the first current interval is greater than the frequency corresponding to the second current interval; the frequency control unit 150, Adjusting the operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency.
根据本发明的实施例， 所述预定的阈值设置为开关电源在调频模式下的最大负 载电流值。 当获取的负载电流大于该最大负载电流值时， 所述开关电源工作在非跳 频模式。 非跳频模式是指所述开关电源的负载电流大于所述开关电源在跳频模式下 的最大负载电流值。 获取所述开关电源的负载电流的方法可以采用压降法， 即， 在 开关电源的输出电路上设置一个具有预定阻抗值的元件， 电流获取单元 110采集述 开关电源的负载电流在该元件上所产生的压降， 即测量该元件两端的电压差值； 然 后， 将上述压降除以上述预定阻抗值， 即可得到所述开关电源的负载电流值。 上述 元件具体可以利用开关电源的电路中的已有元件， 例如开关电源的输出电感或者开 关电源的开关管； 也可以是在开关电源输出电路上设置一个额外的电阻值很小的精 密电阻。 According to an embodiment of the invention, the predetermined threshold is set to a maximum load current value of the switching power supply in the frequency modulation mode. When the obtained load current is greater than the maximum load current value, the switching power supply operates in a non-hopping mode. The non-frequency hopping mode means that the load current of the switching power supply is greater than the maximum load current value of the switching power supply in the frequency hopping mode. The method for obtaining the load current of the switching power supply may adopt a voltage drop method, that is, an element having a predetermined impedance value is disposed on an output circuit of the switching power supply, and the current acquisition unit 110 collects a load current of the switching power supply on the element. The generated voltage drop, that is, the voltage difference between the two ends of the element is measured; and then the voltage drop is divided by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the load current value of the switching power supply. The above components may specifically utilize existing components in the circuit of the switching power supply, such as the output inductor of the switching power supply or the switching transistor of the switching power supply; or an additional precision resistor having a small resistance value may be provided on the switching power supply output circuit.
图 3示出了根据本发明实施例的电流获取单元 110的结构示意图。 压降采集单 元 111采集述开关电源的负载电流在该元件上所产生的压降， 即测量该元件两端的 电压差值； 然后， 由计算单元 112将上述压降除以上述预定阻抗值， 即可得到所述 开关电源的负载电流值。 FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a current acquisition unit 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Pressure drop collection The element 111 collects the voltage drop generated by the load current of the switching power supply on the element, that is, measures the voltage difference between the two ends of the element; and then the calculation unit 112 divides the voltage drop by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the The load current value of the switching power supply.
根据本发明实施例， 判断单元 120在所述电流获取单元 110获取所述开关电源 的负载电流值之后， 判断获取的所述负载电流值是否小于一预定的电流门限值。 在 负载电流值小于例如调频模式下的最大负载电流值之类的电流门限值时， 输出信号 以控制所述开关电源工作在跳频模式，采用脉冲频率调制 PFM模式调节所述开关电 源的工作频率。 在所述获取的负载电流值不小于所述电流门限值时， 输出另一信号 以启动区间确定单元 130。 According to the embodiment of the present invention, after the current acquisition unit 110 acquires the load current value of the switching power supply, the determining unit 120 determines whether the acquired load current value is less than a predetermined current threshold value. When the load current value is less than a current threshold value such as a maximum load current value in the frequency modulation mode, the output signal is used to control the switching power supply to operate in a frequency hopping mode, and the pulse frequency modulation PFM mode is used to adjust the operation of the switching power supply. frequency. When the acquired load current value is not less than the current threshold value, another signal is output to activate the interval determining unit 130.
根据本发明的实施例， 上述控制装置 10还包括调制单元（未示出）， 它在所述 开关电源工作在上述确定的频率下时， 采用脉冲宽度调制 PWM方式控制所述开关 电源的输出电压。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control device 10 further includes a modulating unit (not shown) that controls the output voltage of the switching power supply by using a pulse width modulation PWM method when the switching power supply operates at the determined frequency. .
根据本发明的实施例， 上述控制装置 10还包括对应关系确定单元（未示出）， 将从所述电流门限值到所述开关电源的最大负载电流值的电流范围， 划分成至少两 个电流区间； 测试在每个所述电流区间的负载下， 所述开关电源在满足预定的输出 电压质量要求时的最小工作频率， 得到每个所述电流区间对应的频率。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control device 10 further includes a correspondence determining unit (not shown) that divides a current range from the current threshold to a maximum load current value of the switching power source into at least two a current interval; testing a minimum operating frequency of the switching power supply at a predetermined output voltage quality requirement under a load of each of the current intervals to obtain a frequency corresponding to each of the current intervals.
例如， 预先将开关电源支持的负载电流范围划分为至少两个电流区间， 并且任 意两个电流区间之间都互不重叠。 例如， 可以将第一电流值到第二电流值的负载电 流范围， 划分成至少两个电流区间， 这里， 所述第一电流值大于所述开关电源在跳 频模式（Skip mode)下的最大负载电流值， 所述第二电流值是所述开关电源能够提 供的最大负载电流值， 从而将所述开关电源在非跳频模式下的负载电流范围划分成 至少两个电流区间。 For example, the load current range supported by the switching power supply is divided into at least two current intervals in advance, and any two current intervals do not overlap each other. For example, the load current range of the first current value to the second current value may be divided into at least two current intervals, where the first current value is greater than a maximum of the switching power supply in a skip mode The load current value, the second current value is a maximum load current value that the switching power supply can provide, thereby dividing the load current range of the switching power supply in the non-frequency hopping mode into at least two current intervals.
根据本发明的实施例， 还预先设定电流区间与频率之间的对应关系， 在该对应 关系中，如果电流区间 a的下限电流值大于电流区间 b的上限电流值，则电流区间 a 所对应的频率 A， 大于电流区间 b所对应的频率 B。 According to the embodiment of the present invention, the correspondence between the current interval and the frequency is further preset. In the corresponding relationship, if the lower limit current value of the current interval a is greater than the upper limit current value of the current interval b, the current interval a corresponds to The frequency A is greater than the frequency B corresponding to the current interval b.
举例说明， 假定开关电源支持的最大负载电流能力为 Id, 10是一个大于所述开 关电源在跳频模式（Skip mode)下的最大负载电流值的电流值（即当开关电源的负 载电流为 10时该开关电源工作在非跳频模式下）， 将 I0〜ld的电流范围划分为 5个 电流区间， 如下表 1所示。 同时， 将开关电源的工作频率分成 5个等级， 例如从小 到大分别为 100 Hz、 200KHz、 300KHz、 400KHz和 500KHz， 然后建立如下表 1 所示的对应关系， 表 1中每行的电流区间和该行的频率相对应: For example, assume that the maximum load current capability supported by the switching power supply is Id, and 10 is a current value greater than the maximum load current value of the switching power supply in the Skip mode (ie, when the switching power supply has a load current of 10) When the switching power supply operates in the non-frequency hopping mode, the current range of I0 ld is divided into five current intervals, as shown in Table 1 below. At the same time, the operating frequency of the switching power supply is divided into five levels, for example, from small to large are 100 Hz, 200KHz, 300KHz, 400KHz and 500KHz, and then established as shown in Table 1 below. In the corresponding relationship shown, the current interval of each row in Table 1 corresponds to the frequency of the row:
表 1 例如， 假设电流获取单元 110获取到的负载电流值为 Ix, 且 Ix所属的电流区间 为 (11， 12], 可以确定对应的频率为 200KHz。 For example, assuming that the current value obtained by the current acquisition unit 110 is Ix, and the current interval to which Ix belongs is (11, 12), it can be determined that the corresponding frequency is 200 kHz.
至于如何确定电流区间和频率之间的对应关系， 可以预先对开关电源以不同工 作频率提供各个电流区间的负载电流时的工作性能进行测量， 为每个电流区间选择 合适的对应频率， 使得当开关电源以该对应频率工作时能够满足该电流区间的负载 能力要求， 即输出精度和稳定性都满足设计要求的电压， 且开关电源的工作效率能 够达到一个预定门限值。 作为一个原则， 具有较大的电流值的电流区间， 其所对应 的频率也较高； 具有较小的电流值的电流区间， 其所对应的频率也较低。 As for how to determine the correspondence between the current interval and the frequency, the operating performance when the switching power supply provides the load current of each current interval at different operating frequencies can be measured in advance, and an appropriate corresponding frequency is selected for each current interval, so that when the switch When the power supply operates at the corresponding frequency, the load capacity requirement of the current interval can be satisfied, that is, the output precision and the stability satisfy the design requirement voltage, and the working efficiency of the switching power supply can reach a predetermined threshold. As a rule, the current range with a larger current value has a higher frequency; the current interval with a smaller current value has a lower frequency.
这样， 应用本实施例之后， 当开关电源负载较小时， 开关电源工作在较低的工 作频率， 以减少电源的能量损耗； 当开关电源负载较大时， 提升开关电源的工作频 率， 输出满足设计要求的电压。 相对于最大设计负载， 通常开关电源在大部分的时 间内都工作在较低的负载区间， 因此本实施例能够提高电源的整体能耗效率。 Thus, after applying the embodiment, when the switching power supply load is small, the switching power supply operates at a lower operating frequency to reduce the energy loss of the power supply; when the switching power supply load is large, the operating frequency of the switching power supply is increased, and the output meets the design. The required voltage. Relative to the maximum design load, the switching power supply usually operates in a lower load range for most of the time, so this embodiment can improve the overall energy consumption efficiency of the power supply.
例如， 将从所述电流门限值到所述开关电源的最大负载电流值的电流范围， 划 分成至少两个电流区间； 测试在每个所述电流区间的负载下， 所述开关电源在满足 预定的输出电压质量要求时的最小工作频率， 得到每个所述电流区间对应的频率， 从而获得所述对应关系。 For example, dividing a current range from the current threshold to a maximum load current value of the switching power supply into at least two current intervals; testing the switching power supply under the load of each of the current intervals The minimum operating frequency at which the predetermined output voltage quality is required, the frequency corresponding to each of the current intervals is obtained, thereby obtaining the correspondence.
开关电源通常都能够支持多种工作频率， 例如， 某些开关电源的 IC控制电路有 一个用以控制开关电源工作频率的端口， 本实施例中频率控制单元 150可以通过改 变该端口的电压， 将开关电源的工作频率调整为所确定的频率。 在调整所述开关电源的工作频率为所确定的频率之后， 本实施例的调制单元采 用脉冲宽度调制 （PWM， Pulse Width Modulation)方式控制所述开关电源的输出电 压， 调整所述输出电压的占空比， 即在所述开关电源工作在所确定的频率下时， 采 用 PWM方式， 根据所述开关电源的当前负载电流、 输入电压和输出电压大小， 来 调节输出电压的脉冲宽度。 The switching power supply can usually support a variety of operating frequencies. For example, the IC control circuit of some switching power supplies has a port for controlling the operating frequency of the switching power supply. In this embodiment, the frequency control unit 150 can change the voltage of the port. The operating frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to the determined frequency. After adjusting the operating frequency of the switching power supply to the determined frequency, the modulation unit of the embodiment controls the output voltage of the switching power supply by using a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode, and adjusts the output voltage. The air ratio, that is, when the switching power supply operates at the determined frequency, adopts a PWM method to adjust the pulse width of the output voltage according to the current load current, the input voltage, and the output voltage of the switching power supply.
根据本发明的实施例， 电流获取单元 110、 判断单元 120、 区间确定单元 130、 频率确定单元 140、 频率控制单元 150和调制单元可以集成在开关电源的 IC (集成 电路）控制器中， 例如图 1所示的电源控制系统 30之中。 当然， 也可以作为独立的 外围电路进行设计。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current acquisition unit 110, the determination unit 120, the interval determination unit 130, the frequency determination unit 140, the frequency control unit 150, and the modulation unit may be integrated in an IC (Integrated Circuit) controller of a switching power supply, such as a diagram Among the power control systems 30 shown in FIG. Of course, it can also be designed as an independent peripheral circuit.
从以上所述可以看出， 本实施例所述开关电源的频率的控制装置， 通过将开关 电源的负载电流划分为不同的区间，对于电流值较大的区间，选择较大的工作频率； 反之， 则选择较小的工作频率， 使得工作频率能够跟随负载电流进行恰当的调整， 避免了开关电源总是工作在较高频率下所产生的能量损耗， 从而提升了电源效率， 节约了电源能耗。 It can be seen from the above that the frequency control device of the switching power supply according to the embodiment divides the load current of the switching power supply into different intervals, and selects a larger working frequency for the interval with a larger current value; , select a smaller operating frequency, so that the operating frequency can be properly adjusted according to the load current, avoiding the energy loss caused by the switching power supply always operating at a higher frequency, thereby improving the power efficiency and saving the power consumption. .
图 4为本发明实施例的开关电源的频率的调整方法的流程图。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a frequency of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
步骤 S21， 电流获取单元 110获取所述开关电源的负载电流值。 Step S21, the current acquisition unit 110 acquires a load current value of the switching power supply.
本实施例中， 电流获取单元 110获取所述开关电源的负载电流的方法可以采用 压降法， gP， 在开关电源的输出电路上设置一个具有预定阻抗值的元件， 采集述开 关电源的负载电流在该元件上所产生的压降， 即测量该元件两端的电压差值； 然后， 将上述压降除以上述预定阻抗值， 即可得到所述开关电源的负载电流值。 上述元件 具体可以利用开关电源的电路中的已有元件， 例如开关电源的输出电感或者开关电 源的开关管； 也可以是在开关电源输出电路上设置一个额外的电阻值很小的精密电 阻。 In this embodiment, the current obtaining unit 110 acquires the load current of the switching power supply by using a voltage drop method, gP, and setting an element having a predetermined impedance value on the output circuit of the switching power supply to collect the load current of the switching power supply. The voltage drop generated on the element, that is, the voltage difference between the two ends of the element is measured; and then the voltage drop is divided by the predetermined impedance value to obtain the load current value of the switching power supply. The above components may specifically utilize existing components in the circuit of the switching power supply, such as the output inductor of the switching power supply or the switching transistor of the switching power supply; or an additional precision resistor having a small resistance value may be disposed on the switching power supply output circuit.
步骤 S22， 判断单元 120判断所述负载电流值是否小于一预定的电流门限值： 若是， 则进入步骤 S23; 否则， 进入步骤 S24。 Step S22, the determining unit 120 determines whether the load current value is less than a predetermined current threshold: if yes, proceeds to step S23; otherwise, proceeds to step S24.
步骤 S23， 判断单元 120输出控制信号， 以控制所述开关电源工作在跳频模式， 采用脉冲频率调制 PFM模式调节所述开关电源的工作频率。 Step S23, the determining unit 120 outputs a control signal to control the switching power supply to operate in the frequency hopping mode, and adjust the operating frequency of the switching power supply by using a pulse frequency modulation PFM mode.
这里， 预定的电流门限值是控制开关电源进入跳频模式的门限， 当低于该门限 时， 调整开关电源工作在跳频模式， 根据所述开关电源的当前负载电流， 采用脉冲 频率调制 PFM模式调节所述开关电源的工作频率，以节约功耗。 BP ,在跳频模式下， 开关电源的工作频率是根据其负载电流调制得到的。 Here, the predetermined current threshold is a threshold for controlling the switching power supply to enter the frequency hopping mode. When the threshold is lower than the threshold, the adjusting switching power supply operates in the frequency hopping mode, and the pulse frequency modulation PFM is adopted according to the current load current of the switching power supply. The mode adjusts the operating frequency of the switching power supply to save power consumption. BP, in frequency hopping mode, The operating frequency of the switching power supply is based on its load current modulation.
步骤 S24， 区间确定单元 130确定所述负载电流值所属的电流区间， 进入步骤 Step S24, the section determining unit 130 determines a current interval to which the load current value belongs, and proceeds to the step.
S25。 S25.
步骤 S25， 频率确定单元 140根据预设的电流区间与频率之间的对应关系， 确 定所述负载电流值所属的电流区间所对应的频率， 然后进入步骤 S26, 其中， 所述 对应关系中至少包括互不重叠的第一电流区间和第二电流区间， 其中， 在所述第一 电流区间的电流下限值大于所述第二电流区间的电流上限值时， 所述第一电流区间 对应的频率大于所述第二电流区间对应的频率的各个电流区间互不重叠， 且具有较 大电流值的电流区间对应于较大的频率。 In step S25, the frequency determining unit 140 determines the frequency corresponding to the current interval to which the load current value belongs according to the correspondence between the preset current interval and the frequency, and then proceeds to step S26, where the correspondence includes at least a first current interval and a second current interval that do not overlap each other, wherein when the current lower limit value of the first current interval is greater than a current upper limit value of the second current interval, the first current interval corresponds to The respective current intervals having a frequency greater than the frequency corresponding to the second current interval do not overlap each other, and the current interval having a larger current value corresponds to a larger frequency.
步骤 S26， 频率控制单元 150调整所述开关电源的工作频率为步骤 S25所确定 频率。 Step S26, the frequency control unit 150 adjusts the operating frequency of the switching power supply to the frequency determined in step S25.
从以上所述可以看出， 在获取开关电源的负载电流之后， 判断该负载电流是否 低于预定门限， 在低于预定门限时， 控制开关电源工作在跳频模式， 从而节约电源 功耗， 提高了能耗效率。 It can be seen from the above that after obtaining the load current of the switching power supply, it is determined whether the load current is lower than a predetermined threshold, and when the predetermined threshold is below, the control switching power supply operates in the frequency hopping mode, thereby saving power consumption and improving Energy efficiency.
本发明的另一实施例还相应地提供了一种采用该控制装置的便携设备。 将采用 了本发明实施例的控制装置的电源系统应用在便携式设备中， 同样能够节约电源功 耗， 提高了能耗效率， 使得待机时间更长。 Another embodiment of the present invention accordingly provides a portable device employing the control device. The power supply system using the control device of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a portable device, which also saves power consumption, improves energy consumption efficiency, and makes standby time longer.
以上所述仅是本发明的实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员 来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润 饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It is considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
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| CN2010101292865A CN102195484A (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2010-03-18 | Switching power supply frequency adjusting method and control device for switching power supply |
| CN201010129286.5 | 2010-03-18 |
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| CN103607003B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-09-30 | 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 | A kind of two-stage frequency conversion control method of photovoltaic charger |
| US9855850B2 (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-01-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Variable carrier switching frequency control of variable voltage converter |
| CN109217661B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-10-16 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Method and apparatus for controlling switching frequency of chopper circuit |
| CN109802560A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-24 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Switching capacitors and its control method |
| CN112217289A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳市文鼎创数据科技有限公司 | Induction power taking method and terminal |
| CN112467978A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting working frequency of switching power supply |
| CN110572044A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-13 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A power control circuit and electrical equipment |
| CN114070046B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2024-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Voltage conversion circuit and control method thereof, and electronic device |
| CN120474307B (en) * | 2025-07-15 | 2025-09-23 | 北京炎黄国芯科技有限公司 | PWM control-based switching power supply efficiency optimization method |
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