WO2011105805A2 - Polarizing plate, method for fabricating same, and image display apparatus using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polarizing plate, to a method for fabricating same, and to an image display apparatus using same. The polarizing plate includes: a polarizing device; a first adhesive layer formed on a surface of the polarizing device; a second adhesive layer formed on another surface of the polarizing device; a protective film attached to the top of the first adhesive layer; and a sticky layer formed on a bottom of the second adhesive layer.

Description

 【Specification】

 [Name of invention]

Polarizing plate, manufacturing method thereof and image display device using same

Technical Field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polarizing plate used in an image display device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to a polarizing plate having an improved warpage phenomenon and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background Art

A polarizing plate is a polarizer having a structure in which a polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) -based molecular chain is oriented in a constant direction and includes an iodine compound or a dichroic polarizing material. It consists of a structure in which a cellulose (TAC) film is bonded. At this time, the polarizer and the protective film

In general, they are bonded by an aqueous adhesive made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based aqueous solution. On the other hand, in the case of a liquid crystal display device driven in the liquid crystal mode of the In-Plane Switching (IPS), when using a polarizing plate having a protective film is attached to one side of the polarizer, the adhesive layer is attached to the other side from the viewing angle It is known that the problem of color change can be greatly improved. In this case, since only one protective film is used, the thickness of the polarizing plate is reduced, which is advantageous in thinness and light weight. The polarizing plate having the structure as described above is laminated with a protective film on one surface of the polarizing film through a water-based adhesive (lamination), dried to produce an intermediate polarizing plate, and then coated with an adhesive on the other side of the polarizing film and dried It is generally produced by performing a process to. However, in the polarizing plate manufactured by the conventional method, the warpage phenomenon occurs from the intermediate polarizer state, and the warpage phenomenon tends to be more severe through the adhesive coating and drying. As described above, the warpage phenomenon is caused by the asymmetric polarizing plate structure, and is intensified due to the difference in adhesion between the adhesive and the adhesive applied to both sides of the polarizer. On the other hand, in the case of using the polarizing plate having the warpage phenomenon as described above, it is easy to cause poor contact with the liquid crystal panel, and when mounted on the module of the display device, the contact occurs with the case, and a large force is formed. This occurs and causes image defects.

[Detailed Description of the Invention]

 [Technical problem]

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a polarizing plate having an improved warping phenomenon, a manufacturing method thereof, and an image display apparatus using the same.

Technical Solution

In one aspect, the present invention for this purpose; On one surface of the polarizing element

A first adhesive layer formed; A second adhesive layer formed on the other surface of the polarizing element; remind A protective film attached to an upper portion of the first adhesive layer; And it provides a polarizing plate comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the lower portion of the second adhesive layer. At this time, the thickness of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer is preferably 20 ~ 1000nm, more preferably about 50 ~ 300nm. In addition, the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer is preferably formed using an adhesive material having a viscosity of about 4 to 50 cP, more preferably, the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer is a polymerization degree of 500 ~. It is preferably formed using an adhesive material in the range of 1800 or 2 to 10% by weight solids. On the other hand, the crab 1 adhesive layer and the crab 2 adhesive layer may be made of an adhesive of the same or different materials, more preferably made of an adhesive of the same material. In another aspect, the invention comprising: placing a protective film on one surface of the polarizing element and, where an adhesive layer on the other surface of the polarization ^"component; Interposing an adhesive between the protective film and the polarizing element and between the adhesive layer and the polarizing element, respectively; And it provides a polarizing plate manufacturing method comprising the step of plywood the protective film and the adhesive layer to the polarizing element via the adhesive, and drying. At this time, the drying is preferably 20 to 100 ^o C, more preferably from 40 to

It is recommended to be performed at 90 ^o C. In another aspect, the present invention provides an image display device including the polarizing plate described above. In this case, the image display device may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic EL, and in the case of a liquid crystal display, the driving mode may be an in-plane switching (IPS) or a twisted nematic (TN) method. It may be a vertically aligned method (VA) or a FFS method (Fringe Field Switching).

Advantageous Effects

The polarizing plate of the present invention has less warpage than the conventional polarizing plate, and therefore

When applied to an image display device, there is an advantage that the image quality is excellent. In particular, when applied to the polarizing plate IPS mode LCD of the present invention, it is possible to greatly improve the problem of color change in the viewing angle. In addition, since only one protective film is used, it is advantageous for thinness and weight reduction. In addition, the polarizing plate of the present invention can improve the durability and water resistance of the polarizing plate by using an adhesive resin containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin having an acrylic and a hydroxyl group as the adhesive. [Brief Description of Drawings]

1 is a view for explaining the structure of a conventional polarizing plate for IPS mode LCD.

2 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the polarizing plate of the present invention.

3 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the polarizing plate of the present invention.

4 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the polarizing plate manufacturing method of the present invention. 5 is a photograph showing the curling degree of the polarizing plate of Comparative Example 1.

6 is a photograph showing the degree of curling of the polarizing plate of the embodiment.

7 is a photograph showing the water resistance test results of the polarizing plate of Example and Comparative Example 1. 8 is a photograph showing contrast ratio measurement results of polarizing plates of Example and Comparative Example 2. FIG.

9 is for comparing the contrast ratio of the polarizing plate of Example and Comparative Example 2

It is a graph.

10 is a photograph showing distribution of the inverse of the black luminance of the polarizing plates of Examples, Comparative Examples 2 and 3. FIG.

11 is a graph for comparing the ratio of black luminance of the polarizing plates of Examples, Comparative Examples 2 and 3. FIG.

12 is a graph showing the viscosity of the adhesive according to the degree of polymerization of the adhesive resin. 13 shows the viscosity of the adhesive according to the solid content of the adhesive resin

It is a graph.

[Best form for implementation of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, the drawings attached to the present specification are only examples for describing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the drawings. In addition, some of the components may be exaggerated, reduced or omitted in the drawings for convenience of description. 2 schematically shows the structure of one embodiment of the polarizing plate of the present invention. Degree

As shown in 2, the polarizing plate 100 of the present invention is a polarizing element 110,

It consists of the 1st adhesive bond layer 120, the 2nd adhesive bond layer 140, the protective film 130, and the adhesion layer 150. FIG. The polarizing device 110 refers to an optical device for passing only light having a specific polarization state, and generally used by a polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film in which molecular chains containing an iodine compound or a dichroic dye are oriented in a predetermined direction. do. Such a polarizing film is produced by dyeing an iodine or a dichroic dye on a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and then stretching and crosslinking in a constant direction. In this case, the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited, but considering the freedom of molecular movement and flexible mixing with the containing material, the polymerization degree is preferably about 1,000 to 10,000, more preferably ^ 500 to 5,000. good. Next, the crab 1 adhesive layer 120 is formed on one surface of the polarizing element 110 to bond the protective film 130 and the polarizing element 110 to be described later. On the other hand, the second adhesive layer 140 is for attaching the polarizer 110 and the adhesive layer 150, is formed on the surface where the first adhesive layer 120 of the polarizer 110 is not formed. . The first adhesive layer 120 and the second adhesive layer 140 may have a thickness of about 20 nm to 1000 nm, preferably about 30 nm to 500 nm, and more preferably about 50 nm to 300 nm. If the thickness of the adhesive layer is less than 20 nm, problems in durability and adhesion may occur, and if the thickness exceeds 1000 nm, curling may occur. On the other hand, the material of the first adhesive layer 120 and / or the second adhesive layer 140 has a viscosity of about 4 cP to 50 cP, preferably 4 cP to 45 cP, more preferably 4 cP to 40 It is preferably an adhesive material on the order of cP. This is because the effect of improving the warpage phenomenon is maximized when the viscosity range of the adhesive is used as described above. When the viscosity range of the adhesive is out of the above range, it is difficult to secure consistent curl characteristics, and also adversely affects the final product polarizer properties. see

Specifically, when the adhesive viscosity is less than 4 cP, the adhesive

Fairness is not secured because it is easily bent in the inclined direction, and when the adhesive viscosity exceeds 50 cP, the adhesive thickness becomes thick, the viscosity and the solid content are high, and the adhesive moisture drying efficiency may be significantly reduced. As a result, sufficient drying does not occur and black spot stains may occur on the entire surface of the completed polarizer. In addition, incomplete drying may result in uneven curling characteristics in the final polarizing plate state. In addition, the first adhesive layer 120 and / or the second adhesive layer 140 is preferably formed of an adhesive material having a degree of polymerization of about 500 ~ 1800, the solid content in the adhesive is preferably about 2 ~ 10wt%. Do. This is because an appropriate viscosity can be achieved when the degree of polymerization and solid content of the adhesive resin is in the above range. In general, the higher the degree of polymerization of the adhesive resin, the larger the adhesive solid content, the higher the adhesive viscosity. 12 is a graph showing the viscosity of the adhesive according to the degree of polymerization of the adhesive resin, Figure 13 is a graph showing the viscosity of the adhesive according to the change in the solid content when the polymerization degree is the same. 12 and 13, it can be seen that an adhesive material having a viscosity of 4 to 50 cP can be obtained when the polymerization degree is 500 to 1800 and when the solid content is 2 to 10 wt%. In addition, the first adhesive layer 120 and the second adhesive layer 140 may be formed of an adhesive resin of the same or different materials, and more preferably, may be formed of an adhesive resin of the same material. When the adhesive layers made of the same material are respectively formed on both surfaces of the polarizing element 110, since the forces acting on the polarizing element 110 by both adhesive layers are the same, the occurrence of warpage phenomenon is remarkably reduced. The adhesive resin which forms the said 1st adhesive bond layer 120 and the 2nd adhesive bond layer 140 should just be excellent in optical transmittance, and will not change with yellowing with time, and are not specifically limited. For example, in the present invention, the first adhesive layer 20 is It may be formed by an adhesive resin including a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, an acrylic resin, a vinyl acetate-based resin and / or a UV curable resin, wherein the adhesive resin may be a water-based adhesive or a solvent-free adhesive. Especially as an adhesive resin which forms the adhesive bond layer of this invention, it is preferable to use the water-based adhesive agent containing polyvinyl alcohol-type resin, More preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol-type resin which has an acryl group and a hydroxyl group (Hereafter, AH Or an adhesive resin containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a compound having an acrylic group and an epoxy group. AH—A PVA resin or an adhesive resin comprising a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a compound having an acrylic group and an epoxy group has excellent adhesion, water resistance and moisture resistance as well as excellent solubility in water compared to other conventional adhesives. There is an advantage. More specifically, the AH-PVA resin used in the present invention may include a repeating unit represented by the following formula la, and a repeating unit represented by the following formula lb, and optionally, a repeating unit represented by the following formula lc It may further comprise. ᅳ

[Formula la]

OH

 [Formula lb]

이때， 상기 식들에서， R¹은 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C-C2o 알칸디일 (alkandiyl); 치환된 혹은 비치환된 1 내지 7원자 고리 화합물; N, S 및 0로 구성되는 그룹으로부터 선택된 헤테로 원자를 포함하는 치환된 혹은 비치환된 1 내지 7원자 헤테로 고리 화합물; 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C₆-C₁₄ 방향족 화합물; 또는 N, S 및 0로 구성되는 그룹으로부터 선택된 헤테로 원자를 포함하는 치환또는 비치환된 1 내지 7원자 헤테로 방향족 화합물일 수 있으며,

In this formula, R ¹ is substituted or unsubstituted C-C2o alkanediyl (alkandiyl); Substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered ring compound; Substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0; Substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₄ aromatic compound; Or a substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heteroaromatic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0,

R ² is a substituted or unsubstituted d-Cso alkyl group; Substituted black is unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered ring compound; A hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0 Substituted black is unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound comprising; Substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₄ aromatic compound; Or a substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heteroaromatic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0,

When R ¹ and R ² are substituted with a substituent, the substituent may be a d to C ₂₀ alkyl group or a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of F, CI, Br and I,

R ³ may be an acetoacetyl group, a carboxylic acid group, an acryl group or a urethane group. On the other hand, when the AH-PVA resin includes a repeating unit represented by the following formula la, the repeating unit represented by the following formula lb, wherein n is an integer of 480 to 1700, m is an integer of 10 to 900, n Preferably, + m is an integer of 500 to 1800. When the AH-PVA resin includes a repeating unit represented by the following formula la, a repeating unit represented by the following formula lb, and a repeating unit represented by the formula lc, _N is an integer from 480 to 1700, m is an integer from 10 to 900, 1 is an integer from 1 to 80, n + m is an integer from 500 to 1800, n + 1 is an integer from 490 to 1700, n + It is preferable that m + 1 is an integer of 500-1800. On the other hand, the repeating units represented by the formula la, lb and lc may be randomly arranged in the AH-PVA resin polymer. Meanwhile, in the AH-PVA resin, the acrylic group is preferably introduced in an amount of 0.1 to 50 mol%, preferably 0.1 to 20 mol, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 mol% of the PVA resin. If the acrylic group content in the PVA resin is less than 0.1mo ¾, it is not preferable in that there is no effect of increasing the adhesion, moisture resistance and water resistance by introducing the acrylic group, and when it exceeds 50mo ^' l%, the solubility in water decreases and the adhesion decreases. Because you can. The AH-PVA resin is obtained by modifying a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin with a compound having an epoxy group and an acryl group. In this case, the compound of Formula 3 may be used as the compound having an epoxy group and an acrylic group. R ¹ and R ² in Formula 3 are the same as defined above.

보다 구체적으로는， 본 발명의 AH-PVA수지는 다음과 같은 반응에 의해 제조될 수 있다. · [

More specifically, the AH-PVA resin of the present invention can be prepared by the following reaction. ·

Scheme 1

 Formula m m. mm Reaction Scheme 1 is a scheme illustrating a process of converting a conventional polyvinyl alcohol-based resin to AH-PVA resin, and the number of repeating units is not described. The reaction scheme

Formula 2 in 1 is a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, used in the present invention

The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and any polyvinyl alcohol-based resin known in the art, such as an unmodified polyvinyl alcohol resin or an acetoacetyl group, which is known in the art to be used in an adhesive of a conventional polarizing element and a protective film. ，

Polyvinyl alcohol resins modified with at least one group selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid groups, acrylic groups and urethane groups can be used.

When an unmodified polyvinyl alcohol resin is used as the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, the repeating unit lc may not be present in Chemical Formula 2. As shown in Scheme 1, in the reaction of a compound having a polyvinyl alcohol of Formula 2 (hereinafter referred to as 'PVA') and an epoxy group and an acryl group of Formula 3, 0H group and / or R ³ group and epoxy group of PVA The reaction results in the introduction of an acryl group into the PVA resin and at the same time a hydroxyl group (-0H). Specifically, as shown in Scheme 1, polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water with a resin (Formula 2) and a compound having an epoxy group and an acryl group (Formula 3) in about 25 to

By reacting at 70 ° C. for 10 to 30 hours, a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (Formula 1) in which an acryl group is introduced and -0H group is formed at the same time can be obtained. That is, acryl groups are introduced into the backbone of the resin by the reaction and -0H is formed.

A polyvinyl alcohol resin is obtained, and the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in which an acryl group is introduced into a single resin backbone and -0H is formed is not only excellent in solubility in water but also excellent in adhesion, water resistance and moisture resistance. On the other hand, the AH-PVA resin is preferably a copolymerization degree of 500 to 1800.

If the degree of copolymerization is less than 500, a large amount of solids should be added because of low viscosity at low solids. In the case of more than 1800, a small amount of solids (PVA resin) should be added because of high viscosity at the time of adhesive manufacture. It is undesirable in terms of losing. Meanwhile, an adhesive resin including a compound having a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, an epoxy group, and an acryl group may be used instead of the AH-PVA resin as the material for forming the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer of the present invention. In the adhesive resin, the content of the compound having an epoxy group and an acrylic group is 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin,

Preferably it is about 0.001-1 weight part. On the other hand, the polyvinyl alcohol resin used for the adhesive resin containing the polyvinyl alcohol resin and the compound which has an epoxy group and an acryl group is also not specifically limited as mentioned above, Any polyvinyl alcohol-type resin known in the art, for example For example, an unmodified polyvinyl alcohol resin, an acetoacetyl group, a carboxylic acid group, a polyvinyl alcohol resin modified to at least one group selected from the group consisting of urethane groups, and the like can be used. At this time, the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is preferably a polymerization degree of 500 to 1800. If the degree of copolymerization is less than 500, the viscosity is low at low solids in the preparation of the adhesive,

A large amount of solid content (PVA resin) should be added, and when the adhesive is more than 1800, a small amount of solid content (PVA resin) should be added since the viscosity is high, which is undesirable in that the adhesive strength is lowered. As the compound having the epoxy group and the acryl group, preferably, the compound of Formula 3 may be used. When the content of the compound having an epoxy group and an acrylic group is less than 0.001 parts by weight, there is no effect of increasing adhesion, moisture resistance, and water resistance by introducing an acrylic group. When the content of the compound exceeds 10 parts by weight, the adhesive for a polarizing plate is uniform due to a decrease in solubility in water. It is not obtained because it is not obtained and solution stability and adhesion are low. On the other hand, a curing initiator may be further added to the adhesive resin used in the present invention as needed. Curing initiators include AIBN (2,2'-azo-bis (isobutyronitrile)) based initiators, persulfate based initiators, Ciba-Geigy Darocure and / or

Initiators of the Igacure series and the like can be used. As the AIBN and persulfate-based initiators, any initiator known in the art to be used in the water system may be used. For example, but not limited to, AIBN-based initiators include 2,2'-azobis [2— (2-imidazoline-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [ 2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] disulfate dihydrate, 2,2'-azobis [Λ 2-carboxyethyl) -2-methylpropionamide], 2, 2'-azobis [ 2- (3,4,5, 6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2, 2'-azobis {2- [1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-yl ] Propane} dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis {2-methyl-N- [2- (hydroxybutyl)] propionamide}, 2,2'-azobis [2-methyl-N- [2 (Hydroxyethyl) propionamide], 2, 2'-azobis (N-butyl-2-methylpropionamide), and the like, and persulfate curing initiators include potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate. Can be. Initiators of Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd. include, but are not limited to, but are not limited to, for example, hydroxy-l_ [4- (hydroxyspecific) phenol] -2-methyl-1-propane (Darocure 2959), 2-hydride Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1-one (Darocure 1173), 1— (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxythoxy-2- Methylpropane-1-one (Darocure 1116), bis- (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentyl phosphine oxide and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane 25:75 blend of -1-one (tradename Irgacure 1700), 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-di-2methyl-1-propane-1-one ( Irgacure 2959), 1-hydroxycyclonuclear phenyl ketone (Irgacure 184), 2, 2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (Irgacure 651), etc. are mentioned. The curing initiator may be added at up to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the adhesive resin. Although the lower limit of the amount of the curing initiator is optionally added as needed, the lower limit of the added amount is not limited, but preferably 0.01-10% by weight, more preferably 0.01-1% by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive. have. 0.01 weight of curing initiator additions? If it is less than ¾, the effect of adding a curing initiator is unsatisfactory.

If it exceeds 10% by weight, the additive remaining after the reaction is not preferable in that it adversely affects the adhesion. In addition to the adhesive resin, various coupling agents, tackifiers, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants and various stabilizers may be blended as necessary. Next, the protective film 130 is a film for protecting the polarizing element 110, is attached to the upper portion of the first adhesive layer 130. As the protective film 130, any polymer film having excellent optical transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, isotropy, adhesiveness with a PVA polarizer, and the like may be used. Examples of protective films include, but are not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.

Styrene-based polymers such as polyester polymers, polystyrene, acrylonitrile and styrene copolymers, polyacetyl cellulose, triacetyl salose

Acrylic polymers such as cellulose-based polymers, polyethersulfone polymers, polycarbonate-based polymers or polymethyl methacrylates, polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of ethylene and propylene, nylon or aromatic polyamides; Amide polymers, imide polymers, sulfone polymers, polyether sulfone polymers, polyether ether ketone polymers, polyphenylene

A film made of a sulfide polymer, a vinyl alcohol polymer, a vinylidene chloride polymer, a vinyl butyral polymer, an arylate polymer, a polyoxy methylene polymer, an epoxy polymer or a mixture of these polymers can be used. In particular, cellulose ester, triacetyl salose film (TAC film), cellulose propionate, cellulose acetate propionate, salose

Cellulose based films such as diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate film, polycarbonate based film (PC film), polystyrene based film, polyarylate based film, norbornene resin based film and polysulfone based film are transparent and mechanical. It is preferable at the point that there is no property and optical anisotropy. The triacetyl cellulose film (TAC film) and the carbonate film (PC film) are more preferable because they are easy to form and have excellent processability ^ΰ 1, and TAC films are most preferred due to polarization characteristics or durability. The protective film is the adhesion and adhesion to the polarizing device to which the protective film is bonded It can be surface modified to improve. Specific examples of the surface treatment include, but are not limited to, corona treatment, glow discharge treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, plasma treatment, ultrasonic treatment and ultraviolet irradiation treatment. In addition, a method of providing an undercoat layer on the protective film may be used to improve adhesion. On the other hand, the adhesive layer 150 is for attaching the polarizing plate 100 to the panel of the image display device, it is formed under the second adhesive layer 140. As the adhesive layer 150, for example, an acrylic copolymer, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyether resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, or the like may be used alone or in combination. In consideration of weather resistance, durability and adhesive properties, among these, an acrylic copolymer may be preferably used. Meanwhile, the adhesive layer 150 may be formed in a single layer structure as shown in FIG. 2, but as shown in FIG. 3, the first adhesive layer 150a and the second adhesive layer 150b are different from each other. It can be made of). Here, modulus is a measure of the elastic properties of an arbitrary material and is defined as the proportional coefficient between the force and the strain for an arbitrary spatial position and time within the material. That is, in the case of simple tension, when the force is σ, the strain is ε, and the modulus is Ε, σ = Ε · ε can be defined. When the adhesive layer is formed into a two-layer structure, the modulus of the first adhesive layer is defined as that of the two adhesive layers.

By increasing the modulus value, the protection function of the PVA polarizer can be further improved. In other words, the PVA polarizer can be protected from external environmental factors such as heat and moisture, which degrade the polarization function of the PVA polarizer. Can be given. In addition, by adding a chemical functional group to the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the first adhesive layer may be improved adhesion and water resistance to the PVA polarizer. In this case, the first adhesive layer has a modulus of about 1 to 500 MPa, preferably about 50 to 450 MPa, more preferably about 100 to 400 MPa, and the second adhesive layer is

Modulus is 0.01 to 0.5 MPa, preferably 0.01 to 0.45 MPa, more preferably

It is good that it is about 0.01-0.4MPa. As shown in FIG. 3, when the adhesive layer ol Modus is formed of two different layers, the adhesive layer having a high modulus value is preferably attached to the second adhesive layer.

Adhesive layer with high modulus has PVA from external environmental factors such as heat and moisture

This is because not only can the polarizer be more effectively protected, but also the polarizing plate water resistance can be increased by improving adhesion to the PVA polarizer and improving the wetting of the _second adhesive layer. On the other hand, it is preferable that the adhesion layer with a low modulus value is used for adhesion with a glass substrate. Next, the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention as mentioned above is demonstrated.

4 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a polarizing plate of the present invention. Shown in Figure 4 As described above, the method of manufacturing a polarizing plate of the present invention comprises the steps of: (i) placing a protective film on one surface of the polarizing element, and placing an adhesive layer on the other surface of the polarizing element (Π) between the protective film and the polarizing element, and the adhesive layer; Interposing an adhesive between the polarizing elements, and (iii) laminating the protective film and the adhesive layer to the polarizing element through the adhesive and drying the adhesive.

* 144

First, the protective film 130 and the adhesive layer 150 on both sides of the polarizing element 110, respectively

Position it. In this case, as described above, the polarizing element 110 is a molecular chain containing an iodine-based compound ^ dichroic dye is aligned in a certain direction

It is preferably a polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film, and the degree of polymerization with the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably about 1,000 to 10,000, more preferably about 1,500 to 5,000. In addition, the protective film 130 is a polyester polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, styrene polymer such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile and styrene copolymer, polyacetyl cellulose, triacetyl

Cellulose polymers such as cellulose, polyether sulfone polymers,

Acrylic polymer such as polycarbonate polymer or polymethyl methacrylate, polyolefin polymer such as polycetylene, polypropylene, copolymer of ethylene and propylene, amide polymer such as nylon or aromatic polyamide, imide polymer, alcohol Phon polymer, polyether sulfone polymer, polyether ether ketone polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, vinyl alcohol polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, vinyl butyral polymer, arylate polymer, polyoxy methylene polymer Epoxy polymers or films made of mixtures of these polymers may be used. On the other hand, the adhesive layer 150 may be optically transparent, and may exhibit suitable viscoelasticity or adhesive properties, and the material thereof is not particularly limited. For example, the adhesive layer 150 may be used alone or mixed with an acrylic copolymer, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyether resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, transparency, In consideration of weather resistance, durability and adhesive properties, among these, an acrylic copolymer may be preferably used. In this case, the adhesive layer 150 may be a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet formed by coating an adhesive on a release film. In this case, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet may be manufactured by coating the pressure-sensitive adhesive resin on a release film and then curing the same through a method such as drying, thermal curing, chemical curing, thermal melting, or light curing. In addition, as described above, the adhesive layer 150 has a different modulus

It may be composed of a first adhesive layer 150a and a crab two adhesive layer 150b. At this time

The first adhesive layer has a modulus of 1 to 500 MPa, preferably 50 to 450 MPa, and more

Preferably, it is about l00 to 400 MPa, and the second adhesive layer has a modulus of 0.01 to 0.5 MPa, preferably 0.01 to 0.45 MPa, and more preferably about 0.01 to 0.4 MPa. Next, an adhesive agent is interposed between the said protective film and a polarizing element, and between the said adhesion layer and a polarizing element, respectively. At this time, the adhesive interposed between the protective film and the polarizing element and the adhesive interposed between the adhesive layer and the polarizing element may be the same or different materials, the thickness of the adhesive layer is about 20 nm to 1000 nm.

desirable. As shown in FIG. 4, the method may be performed by applying an adhesive to both surfaces of the polarizing element, or by applying a pressure-sensitive adhesive on the surface facing the polarizing element of the protective film and the adhesive layer, respectively. .

On the other hand, the adhesive, as described above, may have an adhesive force capable of adhering the polarizing element and the protective film or the polarizing element and the adhesive layer, and may be excellent in optical transmittance and no change in yellowing over time. It doesn't work. For example, an adhesive including at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol-based acrylic resins, vinyl acetate-based resins, and UV-curable adhesive resins may be used, and preferably, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins. An adhesive may be used, and most preferably, an adhesive including a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin containing an acrylic group and a hydroxy group may be used. When the adhesive is interposed through the above process, the protective film and the adhesive layer are laminated to the polarizer through the adhesive and dried. At this time, the plywood may be made sequentially or at the same time, it is more preferably made at the same time in terms of production efficiency. At this time, the drying temperature, depending on the adhesive used, is usually about 20 to 100 ° C, more preferably about 40 to 90 ° C. In addition, when foreign matter is present in the plywood and drying, since the plywood can not be made smoothly, this step is preferably performed in an environment with less floating foreign matter, or it is preferable to perform the foreign material removal process before the plywood step. The foreign material removal method should just be a thing which does not adversely affect a polarizing element, a protective film, and an adhesion layer, and is not specifically limited. For example, in order to remove foreign matters, a separate cleaning section is added during the manufacturing process of the polarizing plate to wash away any foreign substances on the surface of the film in a cleaning tank filled with water, or to incline the film advancing direction during the process to remove water from the inclined surface. To remove the foreign matter, or to remove water remaining on the surface of the film after cleaning by using a gas pressure injection such as oxygen or nitrogen, or to blow the foreign material by blowing the gas pressure directly. Can be. On the other hand, in order to perform a smooth plywood process, the amount of foreign matter on the contact surface is preferably lg / m ² or less per unit area, more preferably about 0.5 g / m ² or less. In this case, the amount of the foreign matter refers to the weight of the foreign matter present per unit surface area. Through the above manufacturing method, from the upper side, the protective film-the first adhesive layer-polarized light The polarizing plate of the structure arrange | positioned in order of an element, a 2nd adhesive bond layer, and an adhesive layer can be manufactured. In the polarizing plate of the present invention having such a structure, the warpage phenomenon is remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional polarizing plate, and since the amount of warpage is reduced overall even after plywood to the image display device, the image quality deterioration is reduced compared with the case of using the conventional polarizing plate. There is an advantage. In addition, when the system 1 and / or the second adhesive layer is formed of an adhesive resin containing an AH-PVA resin or a compound containing a PVA resin and an acrylic group and an epoxy group, the adhesive force, moisture resistance and water resistance of the polarizing plate may be improved. The effect can be obtained. On the other hand, the polarizing plate of the present invention can be usefully used as an image display device, for example, a polarizing plate for a liquid crystal display device, an anti-reflective polarizing plate of an organic EL. In this case, the liquid crystal display may be driven in any kind of driving mode, for example, in-plane switching (IPS), twisted nematic (TN), and vertical alignment.

It can be used without limitation in various driving modes such as Vertically Aligned (VA) or FFS (Fringe Field Switching).

[Form for implementation of invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. It is a matter of course that the scope of the present invention is not limited or limited to only the following examples. Example 1

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (manufactured by Kuraray Co. Ltd., polymerization degree: 2400) was subjected to a washing bath, a swelling bath, dyed in an aqueous solution containing 1 ₂ and KI, and then 5 times in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and KI. It extended to and obtained the polarizer.

Then, a 60-thick triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film was placed on one side of the polarizer.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive film, which is positioned and protected by the PE release film, is placed on the other side. At this time, the pressure-sensitive adhesive film is composed of two layers of pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a modulus value of 270MPa, 0.02MPa.

Then put between the polarizer and the TAC film and the PVA polarizer and PE-based adhesive aqueous solution between the removal of the release film, adhesive film-ol, was prepared and then laminate with a laminator, a ^"polarizing plate was dried for 8 minutes at 80 ^o C. Comparative Example 1

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (manufactured by Kuraray Co. Ltd., polymerization degree: 2400) was subjected to a washing bath, a swelling bath, dyed in an aqueous solution containing 1 ₂ and KI, and then 5 times in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and KI. It extended to and obtained the polarizer.

Thereafter, a triacetylsalose (TAC) film was placed on only one side of the polarizer, a PVA-based adhesive solution was added and laminated with a laminator, followed by drying at 80 ^° C. for 8 minutes, and only one side of the triacetylcelose (TAC). ) To produce a polarizing plate is laminated. After that, the polarizer in which the triacetylsalose (TAC) film was not laminated The pressure-sensitive adhesive film from which the release film was removed without the adhesive on the surface was laminated with a laminator to prepare a final polarizing plate. At this time, the pressure-sensitive adhesive film is composed of two layers of pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of modulus values of 270 MPa and 0.02 MPa, respectively. Comparative Example 2

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (manufactured by Kuraray Co. Ltd., polymerization degree: 2400) was subjected to a washing bath, a swelling bath, dyed in an aqueous solution containing 1 ₂ and KI, and then 5 times in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and KI. It extended to and obtained the polarizer.

Subsequently, a 60 / m-thick triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film was placed on both sides of the polarizer.

Position, and put PVA adhesive solution between polarizer and TAC film

After plywood with a laminator, and dried at 80 ° C. for 8 minutes to prepare a polarizing plate. Subsequently, after the corona treatment to the triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film on one side of the polarizing plate, the pressure-sensitive adhesive film from which the PE release film was removed was laminated with a laminator to form a final polarizing plate.

Prepared. At this time, the pressure-sensitive adhesive film consists of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a modulus value of 0.01 MPa. Comparative Example 3

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film (manufactured by Kuraray Co. Ltd., polymerization degree: 2400) was rinsed in an aqueous solution containing 1 ₂ and KI after washing with a washing tank, a swelling tank, and then 5 times in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and KI. It extended to and obtained the polarizer.

After that, place a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film on only one side of the polarizer, add an aqueous PVA-based adhesive solution and plywood with a laminator, and then dry at 80 ^o C for 8 minutes, so that only one side of the triacetyl cellulose (TAC) ) The polarizing plate on which the film is laminated

Prepared. Thereafter, the adhesive film of which the release film without adhesive was removed on the surface of the polarizer in which the triacetylsalolose (TAC) film was not laminated was laminated with a laminator to prepare a final polarizing plate, wherein the adhesive film had a modulus value of O.OlMPa. It consists of an adhesion layer of one layer of phosphorus. Experimental example 1 ： Curl occurrence evaluation

The degree of curl generation of the polarizing plate samples prepared by Example and Comparative Example 1

It was measured visually. FIG. 5 is a photograph of a polarizing plate manufactured by Comparative Example 1, and FIG. 6 is a photograph of a polarizing plate manufactured by Example. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in the case of the polarizing plate sample of Comparative Example 1, curls are severely generated, whereas in the polarizing plate sample of the example, curls are hardly generated. Experimental Example 2 ： Water Resistance Evaluation

After cutting the polarizing plates prepared in Example and Comparative Example 1 to a size of 5cm horizontally and vertically, respectively, laminated on a 1.1mm thick glass substrate, and then immersed in a 60 ^° C water bath to perform a water resistance evaluation.

7 shows the degree of peeling of the polarizing plate of Example and Comparative Example 1 over time It is a photograph. As shown in FIG. 7, the polarizing plate sample of Comparative Example 1 was completely peeled off the glass substrate over time, whereas the polarizing plate sample of the Example showed a relatively low peeling degree. Experimental Example 3 Contrast Ratio Evaluation

After mounting the polarizing plates produced in Example and Comparative Example 2 to a Twisted Nematic (TN) image display device, the contrast ratio (CR) was measured. Contrast ratio (hereinafter CR) indicates the sharpness of the screen

As the contrast ratio of the image display apparatus, the higher the value of CR, the better the optical performance of the image display apparatus. 8 when the polarizing plates produced by Examples and Comparative Example 2 are mounted.

Contrast ratio is shown. As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that when the polarizing plate of the example is mounted, the contrast ratio is better than when the polarizing plate of the comparative example 2 is mounted. FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating contrast ratios measured when the polarizing plate of the embodiment is mounted and when the polarizing plate of Comparative Example 2 is mounted. As shown in FIG. 9, the CR of the polarizing plate of the polarizing plate of Comparative Example 2 is shown. It can be seen that the increase of about 50%. Experimental Example 4 ： Black luminance measurement

The polarizers produced by Examples, Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were mounted on a transverse electric field (In— Plane Switching, IPS) image display device, and then reciprocal of black luminance (L _b ), that is, L _b — The distribution of ¹ was measured. In general, CR is L _b, which represents a ratio, i.e., L _w / L _b of the white luminance (white luminance,) and black luminance (black luminance, L _b) that the image display apparatus implemented, sensitive to the optical properties of the polarizing plate Considering only 1 / L _b , that is, L _b — ¹

Sometimes expressed. Therefore, the larger the value of LtT ^1, the higher the CR of the image display apparatus.

* 215 Fig. 10 shows the polarizing plates produced in Examples, Comparative Examples 2 and 3

The distribution of ^{1 in} the case of mounting in the In-Plane Switching (IPS) image display device is shown. In FIG. 11, the value of the accumulated black luminance is represented by ^—1 when the polarizing plate of Comparative Example 2 is mounted. A graph showing each ratio (L _b0 / L _b ) as a reference is shown. 10 and 11, when using the polarizing plate of Comparative Example 3, L _b ^_1 increased only by 7.8% compared to Comparative Example 2, while using the polarizing plate of Example, L _b — ¹ increased by 11.2%. It can be seen that the optical properties are further improved. Experimental Example 4- Evaluation of Physical Properties of Polarizing Plate According to Viscosity of Adhesive Resin

 In order to evaluate the polarizing plate properties according to the viscosity of the adhesive resin, a polarizing plate having the same structure as in Example 1 was prepared using an adhesive resin composition having a viscosity as shown in the following [Table 1], solubility, drying efficiency, processability and Orthogonal transmittance ratio was measured. The solubility was visually measured by the degree of mixing of the adhesive resin and the solvent, and 0 when the adhesive resin and the solvent were completely mixed and homogeneous, and X when the phase separation between the adhesive resin and the solvent occurred. The processability indicates the degree of bending of the adhesive during the application of the adhesive, and indicates the case where the adhesive cannot be broken and the operation is impossible. The drying efficiency was measured by observing whether black spots due to incomplete drying occurred on the surface of the polarizing plate after 5 minutes of drying.

¾ / 1; ₃ is a value showing the relative ratio of the orthogonal transmittance (Tc) produced using other samples based on the orthogonal transmittance (Tc, s) of the polarizing plate produced using an adhesive resin of viscosity 12.7cP. When the Tc / T cs value is 1 or more, the optical properties compared to the embodiment

 Vulnerable, if the value is less than 1 means that the optical properties are superior to the embodiment.

Table 1

 Polarizer Orthotropic Ratio According to Adhesive Viscosity

 Viscosity

상기 [표 1]을 통해， 점도가 51.5-273.7 Cp인 접착제를 사용할 경우， 접착제 수분 건조 효율이 현저히 저하되어， 층분한 건조가 일어나지 못하고， 완성된 편광판 전면에 검은 반점 얼룩이 발생하게 됨을 알 수 있다. 또한， 직교투과도 비도 1.5 이상으로 직교 물성이 취약해진 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Through Table 1, it can be seen that when using an adhesive having a viscosity of 51.5-273.7 Cp, the adhesive moisture drying efficiency is remarkably lowered, no thorough drying occurs, and black spot staining occurs on the entire surface of the completed polarizer. . In addition, the orthogonal transmission was confirmed that the orthogonal physical property is weak with a ratio of 1.5 or more.

<Sign Description>

 10, 110 ： polarizing element

 20 ： adhesive layer

 30, 130 ： Protective film

 40 ： adhesion layer

 120: first adhesive layer

 140: second adhesive layer

 150 ： adhesion layer

 150a: first adhesive layer

 150b: second adhesive layer

Claims

[Range of request]  [Claim 1] Polarizing elements; First adhesive layer formed on one surface of the polarizing element Second adhesive layer formed on the other surface of the polarizing element Protective film attached to the upper portion of the first adhesive layer Polarizing plate comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the lower portion of the second adhesive layer. [Claim 2] The method of claim 1, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer has a thickness of 20 nm to 1000 nm polarizing plate. [Claim 3] The method of claim 1, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a polarizing plate formed of an adhesive material having a viscosity of 4 to 50 cP. [Claim 4] The method of claim 1, The first adhesive layer and the crab second adhesive layer is a polarizing plate formed of an adhesive material having a polymerization degree of 500-1800 and a solid content of 2 to 10% by weight. [Claim 5] The method of claim 1, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are made of the same material. [Claim 6] The method of claim 1, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a polarizing plate comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, acrylic resin vinyl acetate-based resin and UV curable adhesive resin. [Claim 7] The method of claim 6, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer have an acrylic group and a hydroxyl group The polarizing plate which consists of adhesive resin containing polyvinyl alcohol-type resin. [Claim 8] The method of claim 7, The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having an acrylic group and a hydroxy group includes a repeating unit represented by the following formula la and a repeating unit represented by the following formula lb. [Formula la]

 [lb]

(In the above formula, _n is an integer of 480 to 1700, m is an integer of 10 to 900, n + m is an integer of 500 to 1800, R ¹ is substituted or unsubstituted-(: ₂₀ alkanandiyl); substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered ring compound; a substitution comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0 Or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound; Substituted black is unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₄ aromatic compound; Or a substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heteroaromatic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0, R ² is a substituted black or unsubstituted d-Co alkyl group; Substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered ring compound; Substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0; Substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₄ aromatic compound; Or a substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heteroaromatic compound comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0, When R ¹ and R ² are substituted with a substituent, the substituent may be a Ci-C ₂₀ alkyl group or a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of F, CI, Br and I J [Claim 9] The method of claim 7, The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having an acrylic group and a hydroxyl group further comprises a repeating unit represented by the following formula (lc).

 (In the above formula, n is an integer from 480 to 1700, m is an integer from 10 to 900, 1 is an integer from 1 to 80, n + m is an integer from 500 to 1800, n + 1 is an integer from 490 to 1700 n + m + 1 is an integer from 500 to 1800, _R ³ may be an acetoacetyl group, a carboxylic acid group, an acryl group or a urethane group.) [Claim 10] The method of claim 7, wherein The adhesive resin further comprises an initiator comprising an AIBN-based, persulfate-based water-soluble initiator. [Claim 11] The method of claim 10, The initiator is added at a maximum of 10% by weight based on the weight of the adhesive resin. [Claim 12] The method of claim 6, The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a polarizing plate made of an adhesive resin containing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a compound having an epoxy group and an acryl group. [Claim 13] The method of claim 12, The compound having an epoxy group and an acryl group is a polarizing plate is a compound represented by the formula (3). [

(Wherein, R ¹ is the a refinancing or unsubstituted (:广(: ₂₀ alkanediyl (alkandiyl); substituted or unsubstituted 1-7-membered ring compound; N, selected from the group consisting of S and 0 A substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound comprising a hetero atom; a substituted or unsubstituted C ₆ -C ₁₄ aromatic compound; or a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0 It may be a substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered heteroaromatic compound, R ² is substituted or unsubstituted containing a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted (： 厂 (: ₂₀ alkyl group; substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 membered ring compound; N ᅳ S and 0) A substituted 1 to 7 membered heterocyclic compound; substituted black is unsubstituted C ₆ —C ₁₄ aromatic compound; or substituted or unsubstituted 1 to 7 comprising a hetero atom selected from the group consisting of N, S and 0 May be an atomic heteroaromatic compound, When R ¹ and R ² are substituted with a substituent, the substituent may be a Ci-C ₂₀ alkyl group or a halogen atom selected from the group consisting of F, CI, Br and I.) [Claim 14] The method of claim 12, The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is a polarizing plate, characterized in that the polymerization degree of 500 to 1800. [Claim 15] The method of claim 12, The adhesive resin further comprises an initiator comprising an AIBN-based, persulfate-based water-soluble initiator. [Claim 16] The method of claim 15, The initiator is added at a maximum of 10% by weight based on the weight of the adhesive resin. [Claim 17] The method of claim 1, The protective film may be a polyester polymer, a styrene polymer, a cellulose polymer, a polyether sulfone polymer, a polycarbonate polymer, an acrylic polymer, Polyolefin polymer, polyamide polymer, polyimide polymer, sulfone polymer, polyether sulfone polymer, polyether ether ketone polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, vinyl alcohol polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, Polarizing plate made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of vinyl butyral polymers, arylate polymers, polyoxy methylene polymers, epoxy polymers and mixtures of these polymers [Claim 18] In U, at least The adhesive layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of an acrylic copolymer, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyether resin, a polyamide resin, and a polyvinyl alcohol resin. [Claim 19] The method of claim 1, The adhesive layer is a polarizing plate consisting of a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer different from the modulus. [Claim 20] The method of claim 19, The first adhesive layer has a modulus of 1 ~ 500MPa, The system adhesive layer has a modulus of 0.01 to 0.5 MPa polarizing plate. [Claim 21] The method of claim 19, And the first adhesive layer is attached to the second adhesive layer. [Claim 22] An image display device comprising the polarizing plate of claim 1. [Claim 23] The method of claim 22, The image display device is a liquid crystal display device (LCD). [Claim 24] The method of claim 23, The liquid crystal display device has a driving mode of In-Plane Switching (IPS), Twisted Nematic (TN), Vertically Aligned (VA), or FFS (Fringe Field Switching). Image display. [Claim 25] The method of claim 22, The image display apparatus is an organic EL. [Claim 26] Positioning a protective film on one surface of the polarizer, and placing an adhesive layer on the other surface of the polarizer; Interposing an adhesive between the protective film and the polarizing element and between the adhesive layer and the polarizing element, respectively; And Plywood the protective film and the adhesive layer to the polarizing element via the adhesive, and drying the polarizing plate comprising a step. [Claim 27] The method of claim 26, The adhesive has a viscosity of 4 to 50 cP polarizing plate manufacturing method. [Claim 28] The method of claim 26, The adhesive has a degree of polymerization of 500 to 1800, a solid content of 2 to 10% by weight polarizing plate manufacturing method. [Claim 29] The method of claim 26, The drying is a polarizing plate manufacturing method carried out at 20 to 100 ° C.