WO2011148468A1 - Transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

A transformer (50) comprises high voltage-side coils (1, 3), low voltage-side coils (2, 4), and an iron core (60) further comprising a plurality of magnetic bodies layered in a single direction. The iron core (60) further comprises a main support iron core (10), around which the first high voltage-side coils (1, 3) and the first low voltage-side coils (2, 4) are collectively wound; and a first lateral support iron core (11) and a second lateral support iron core (12), which are respectively positioned to either side of the main support iron core (10), and are magnetically coupled to the main support iron core. The sum of the flux path cross-section area of the first lateral support iron core (11) and the flux path cross-section area of the second lateral support iron core (12) is equivalent to the flux path cross-section area of the main support iron core (10). If the length in a direction that is orthogonal to both the layering direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies and the orientation of the magnetic flux is defined as width, then the width of the first lateral support iron core (11) differs from the width of the second lateral support iron core (12).

Description

Transformer

The present invention relates to a transformer, and more particularly to a structure of a transformer core.

Transformers used for railway vehicles are usually placed under the floor of the car body. In recent years, it has been required to lower the height of the train floor from the viewpoint of barrier-free. Due to this requirement, the size of the equipment space (including the transformer) arranged under the floor of the train is reduced, so that the restrictions on the size of the equipment become severe. Accordingly, there is a demand for a device configured to prevent performance degradation while being restricted by the dimensions of the outfit.

The configuration of the miniaturized transformer is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-91212 (Patent Document 1). According to the above document, the iron core of the transformer has the following structure. The main leg iron core is divided into a left half and a right half. The right half core is constituted by the right half main leg iron core, one side leg iron core, and the upper and lower irons for connecting them. On the other hand, the left-side iron core is constituted by the left half main leg, one side leg iron core, and the upper and lower yokes for connecting them. The stacking thickness of the main leg iron core, side leg iron core, upper iron and lower iron is different between the right iron core and the left iron core.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-91212

In order to arrange a transformer for railway vehicles under the floor of the vehicle, it is necessary to avoid that the iron core of the transformer interferes with other devices or cables connecting between devices. On the other hand, in order to avoid degradation of the performance of the transformer, the cross-sectional area of the iron core must be kept constant. When the iron core is shrunk in one direction (for example, the vehicle width direction) in order to satisfy the fitting dimensions, the iron core becomes longer in a direction orthogonal to the direction (for example, the vehicle length direction). For this reason, even if it can avoid interfering with an apparatus with an iron core, the problem that the said iron core interferes with another apparatus newly generate | occur | produces.

According to the structure of the iron core disclosed in Patent Document 1, the height of the right iron core is different from the height of the left iron core. However, the transformer has a coil wound around two main leg cores. The radius of the coil depends on the higher of the two main leg cores. Therefore, when the transformer having the iron core disclosed in Patent Document 1 is disposed under the floor of the railway vehicle, the coil of the transformer may interfere with other devices.

An object of the present invention is to provide a transformer that can be placed in a space with limited dimensions without degrading performance.

A transformer according to an aspect of the present invention includes a high voltage side coil, a low voltage side coil, and an iron core having a plurality of magnetic bodies stacked in one direction. The iron core includes a main leg iron core in which the first high-voltage side coil and the first low-voltage side coil are wound in common, and a first main leg iron core disposed on both sides of the main leg iron core and magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core. Including one side leg core and a second side leg core. The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first side leg iron core and the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the second side leg iron core is equal to the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core. If the length in the direction perpendicular to both the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies and the direction of the magnetic flux is defined as the width, the width of the first side leg core is different from the width of the second side leg core.

A transformer according to another aspect of the present invention includes a first coil group including a first high voltage side coil and a first low voltage side coil, and a second coil including a second high voltage side coil and a second low voltage side coil. 2 coil groups and an iron core having a plurality of magnetic bodies stacked in one direction. The iron core has a first main leg core in which the first high-voltage coil and the first low-voltage coil are wound in common, and a second high-voltage coil and the second low-voltage coil in common. The second main leg iron core, the first side leg iron core magnetically coupled to the first main leg iron core, and the first main leg iron core and the second main leg iron core are magnetically coupled. A second side leg iron core and a third side leg iron core magnetically coupled to the second main leg iron core. The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first side leg iron core and the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the second side leg iron core is equal to the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first main leg iron core. The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the second side leg iron core and the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the third side leg iron core is equal to the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first main leg iron core. When the length in the direction orthogonal to both the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies and the direction of the magnetic flux is defined as the width, the width of the first side leg core is different from the width of the second side leg core, and The width of the third side leg iron core is different from the width of the second side leg iron core.

According to the present invention, the transformer can be arranged in a limited space while maintaining the magnetic flux density of the iron core.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of the AC train carrying the transformer which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the transformer which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a III-III cross section of the transformer shown in FIG. 2 and currents and magnetic fluxes generated in the transformer. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the transformer shown in FIG. 2 taken along the line IV-IV. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the installation space of a transformer. It is the perspective view which showed the comparative example of the transformer which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 7 is a VII-VII cross-sectional view of the transformer shown in FIG. 6. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the advancing direction of the vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the right side with respect to the advancing direction of a vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the floor surface of the vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the advancing direction of the vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the left side with respect to the advancing direction of a vehicle. It is the figure which looked at the transformer and the cable from the floor surface of the vehicle. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the size of the transformer shown in FIG. 6 and the size of the outfitting space shown in FIGS. It is the figure which showed the structure of the iron core for accommodating the transformer shown in FIG. 6 in the outfitting space. It is a top view of the transformer which has two side leg iron cores from which height differs. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of the AC train carrying the transformer which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the transformer which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a XIX-XIX cross section of the transformer shown in FIG. 18 and currents and magnetic fluxes generated in the transformer. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the transformer shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the installation space of a transformer. It is the figure which showed the comparative example of the transformer 51 shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the external appearance of the modification of the transformer which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along line XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 23. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the installation space of a transformer. It is the figure which showed the comparative example of the transformer 52 shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an AC train equipped with a transformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, AC train 200 includes a pantograph 92, a transformer 100, and motors MA and MB. Transformer 100 includes a transformer 50, converters 5A and 5B, and inverters 6A and 6B. The transformer 50 includes high-voltage side coils 1 and 3 and low-voltage side coils 2 and 4.

The pantograph 92 is connected to the overhead line 91. High voltage side coil 1 has a first end connected to pantograph 92 and a second end connected to a ground node to which a ground voltage is supplied. High voltage side coil 3 has a first end connected to pantograph 92 and a second end connected to a ground node to which a ground voltage is supplied. In FIG. 1, the first end of the high voltage side coil 1 and the first end of the high voltage side coil 3 are denoted by reference numeral 7, and the second end of the high voltage side coil 1 and the second end of the high voltage side coil 3 are denoted by reference numerals. Indicated by 8.

The low voltage side coil 2 is magnetically coupled to the high voltage side coil 1. Low voltage side coil 2 has a first end connected to input terminal T1A of converter 5A, and a second end connected to input terminal T2A of converter 5A. The low voltage side coil 4 is magnetically coupled to the high voltage side coil 3. Low voltage side coil 4 has a first end connected to input terminal T1B of converter 5B, and a second end connected to input terminal T2B of converter 5B.

A single-phase AC voltage is supplied from the overhead wire 91 to the high voltage side coils 1 and 3 through the pantograph 92. An AC voltage is induced in the low voltage side coil 2 by the AC voltage supplied to the high voltage side coil 1. Similarly, an AC voltage is induced in the low voltage side coil 4 by the AC voltage supplied to the high voltage side coil 3.

The converter 5A converts the AC voltage induced in the low voltage side coil 2 into a DC voltage. Converter 5B converts the alternating voltage induced in low voltage side coil 4 into a direct voltage. Inverter 6A converts the DC voltage output from converter 5A into a three-phase AC voltage, and outputs the AC voltage to motor MA. Inverter 6B converts the DC voltage output from converter 5B into a three-phase AC voltage, and outputs the AC voltage to motor MB. Motor MA operates by receiving a three-phase AC voltage from inverter 6A. Motor MB operates by receiving a three-phase AC voltage from inverter 6B.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the transformer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, transformer 50 includes an iron core 60, high-voltage side coils 1 and 3, and low-voltage side coils 2 and 4. The iron core 60 has a side surface 71 and a side surface 72 facing each other, and window portions 73 and 74 formed so as to penetrate the side surface 71 and the side surface 72. The high voltage side coils 1 and 3 and the low voltage side coils 2 and 4 are wound so as to pass through the window portions 73 and 74.

Each of the high voltage side coils 1, 3 and the low voltage side coils 2, 4 includes a plurality of disk-shaped windings stacked in one direction, for example. Each disk winding is formed by, for example, a rectangular conductive line wound in a substantially elliptical shape. Two disk windings adjacent along the stacking direction are electrically connected to each other.

The high voltage side coils 1 and 3 are arranged between the low voltage side coil 2 and the low voltage side coil 4. The high voltage side coil 1 faces the low voltage side coil 2 and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 2. The high voltage side coil 3 is connected in parallel with the high voltage side coil 1. The high voltage side coil 3 faces the low voltage side coil 4 and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 4.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a III-III cross section of the transformer shown in FIG. 2, and current and magnetic flux generated in the transformer. 4 is a IV-IV cross-sectional view of the transformer shown in FIG.

3 and 4, the iron core 60 includes a main leg iron core 10 and side leg iron cores 11 and 12. The side leg iron core 11 is magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core 10. The side leg iron core 12 is disposed on the opposite side of the side leg iron core 11 with respect to the main leg iron core 10 and is magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core 10. The side leg iron core 11 and the main leg iron core 10 form a first magnetic path (closed magnetic circuit). Similarly, a second magnetic path is formed by the side leg iron core 12 and the main leg iron core 10.

The main leg iron core 10 has a plurality of magnetic plates 13 stacked in one direction. The magnetic plate 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate. The side leg iron core 11 has a plurality of magnetic plates 14 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13. The side leg iron core 11 has a plurality of magnetic plates 15 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13.

Next, the operation of the transformer 50 will be described. An AC voltage is supplied from the overhead wire 91 to the pantograph 92 (see FIG. 1). The AC voltage supplied from the overhead wire 91 is applied to the high voltage side coils 1 and 3 via the pantograph 92. As a result, an alternating current IH flows through the high voltage side coils 1 and 3.

The magnetic flux FL is generated in the main leg core 10 by the alternating current IH. The magnetic flux FL generates an alternating current IL and an alternating voltage in the low voltage side coil 2 according to the ratio of the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2 and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1. Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2 is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 1 is induced in the low voltage side coil 2. The AC voltage induced in the low voltage side coil 2 is supplied to the converter 5A.

Similarly, an alternating current IL and an alternating voltage corresponding to the ratio between the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4 and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3 are generated in the low voltage side coil 4 by the magnetic flux FL. Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4 is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 3 is induced in the low voltage side coil 4. The AC voltage induced in the low voltage side coil 4 is supplied to the converter 5B.

The magnetic flux FL is divided into a magnetic flux FL1 and a magnetic flux FL2. The magnetic flux FL1 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the main leg iron core 10 and the side leg iron core 11. The magnetic flux FL2 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the main leg iron core 10 and the side leg iron core 12.

Hereinafter, the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13 is defined as the height of the iron core. Furthermore, the direction perpendicular to both the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13 and the direction of the magnetic flux is defined as the width of the iron core. The widths of the main leg iron core 10, the side leg iron core 11, and the side leg iron core 12 are W, W1, and W2, respectively. A relationship of W = W1 + W2 is established among W, W1, and W2. W1 and W2 are different from each other. In this embodiment, W1> W2. However, W1 <W2 may be sufficient. On the other hand, the height of the main leg iron core 10 and the side leg iron cores 11 and 12 is H.

The core cross-sectional area (magnetic path cross-sectional area) is defined by the product of the core width and the core height. The cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10 is W × H, the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 is W1 × H, and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 12 is W2 × H. Since W = W1 + W2, the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10 is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 12.

As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 12 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10. Furthermore, the width W1 of the side leg iron core 11 is different from the width W2 of the side leg iron core 12. Thereby, even when the dimension of the outfitting space is limited, a transformer that can be accommodated in the outfitting space without changing the magnetic flux density in the iron core can be realized.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transformer installation space. Referring to FIG. 5, transformer 50 is arranged under the floor of an AC train. In order to avoid interference between the transformer 50 and equipment (or cable), the dimensions of the outfitting space 20 are limited. According to the example shown in FIG. 5, a part of the outfitting space 20 is narrower than the other part. Since the width of the side leg iron core 11 and the width of the side leg iron core 12 are different, the transformer 50 can be accommodated in the outfitting space 20.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a comparative example of the transformer according to the first embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 2, transformer 50 </ b> A is different from transformer 50 according to the first embodiment in that iron core 60 </ b> A is provided instead of iron core 60. The iron core 60A differs from the iron core 60 in that the width of the side leg iron core is constant.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the transformer VII-VII shown in FIG. 6 and 7, iron core 60A includes main leg iron core 10 and side leg iron cores 11A and 12A. The width of the main leg iron core 10 is W, and the width of each of the side leg iron cores 11A and 12A is W / 2. That is, the width of the side leg iron core 11A is equal to the width of the side leg iron core 12A. The main leg iron core 10A and the side leg iron cores 11A, 12A have the same height. Therefore, the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 </ b> A and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 </ b> B is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11A and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11B are equal to each other.

When the alternating current IH flows through the high-voltage coils 1 and 3, a magnetic flux FL is generated in the main leg iron core 10A. Since the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11A and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11B are equal to each other, the magnetic flux FL is equally divided into two magnetic fluxes FL1 and FL2. Since the operation of transformer 50A is similar to the operation of transformer 50, detailed description of the operation of transformer 50A will not be repeated.

When the transformer 50A is arranged under the floor of an AC train, there is a tendency that the transformer 50A interferes with other devices or cables. This will be described with a specific example.

8 to 10 are schematic views for explaining an example of interference under the floor of the AC train between the transformer and the cable shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a view of the transformer and the cable as viewed from the traveling direction of the vehicle. FIG. 9 is a view of the transformer and the cable as viewed from the right side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle. FIG. 10 is a view of the transformer and the cable as seen from the floor of the vehicle.

8 to 10, the transformer 50A is accommodated in the tank 80. 8 to 10, the coils 1 to 4 are collectively shown as a coil 65.

The tank 80 and the cable 82 are disposed below the floor 102 of the vehicle 101. The cable 82 extends in the width direction of the vehicle 101. On the other hand, transformer 50 </ b> A is arranged such that the height direction of iron core 60 </ b> A is substantially the same in the width direction of vehicle 101. Since the upper part of the iron core 60 </ b> A interferes with the cable 82, the upper part of the tank 80 interferes with the cable 82.

11 to 13 are schematic views for explaining another example of interference under the floor of the AC train between the transformer and the cable shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a view of the transformer and the cable as viewed from the traveling direction of the vehicle. FIG. 12 is a view of the transformer and the cable as viewed from the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle. FIG. 13 is a view of the transformer and the cable as viewed from the floor of the vehicle. Referring to FIGS. 11 to 13, cable 82 extends in the traveling direction of vehicle 101, that is, in the vehicle length direction. Transformer 50A is arranged such that the height direction of iron core 60A is substantially the same in the traveling direction of vehicle 101 (the vehicle length direction). Also in this case, the upper part of the iron core 60 </ b> A interferes with the cable 82.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the size of the transformer shown in FIG. 6 and the size of the equipment space shown in FIGS. Referring to FIG. 14, outfitting space 20A is divided into space 21A and space 22A. The size of the side leg iron core 11A and the size of the side leg iron core 12A are the same. On the other hand, the space 22A is smaller than the space 21A. Although the side leg iron core 11A can be accommodated in the space 21A, the side leg iron core 12A cannot be accommodated in the space 22A. For this reason, the transformer 50A cannot be stored in the outfitting space 20A.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of an iron core for accommodating the transformer shown in FIG. 6 in the outfitting space. Referring to FIG. 15, the width of the side leg iron core 12A is reduced to fit the size of the space 22A. However, according to the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the width of the side leg core 11A is equal to the width of the side leg core 12A. When the width of the side leg iron core 12A is reduced, the width of the side leg iron core 11A must also be reduced. For this reason, the outfitting space 20A cannot be used effectively.

When the width of the side leg iron cores 11A, 12 is reduced, the height of the side leg iron cores 11A, 12 must be increased in order to keep the cross sectional area of the side leg iron cores 11A, 12 constant. When the height of the side leg iron cores 11A, 12 is increased, the iron core becomes longer in the vehicle width direction or the vehicle length direction. For this reason, interference between the transformer 50A and other devices may occur.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the transformer 50 according to the first embodiment includes the side leg iron core 11 and the side leg iron core 12 having different widths. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the outfitting space 20 can be utilized to the maximum extent.

Furthermore, the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 11 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 12 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10. When the cross-sectional area of the main leg core 10 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main leg core 10A of the transformer 50A, the transformer 50 can achieve the same performance as the transformer 50A. In other words, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to realize a transformer that can be placed in an outfitting space whose dimensions are restricted without degrading performance.

Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, the main leg iron core 10 and the side leg iron cores 11 and 12 are equal in height. As a result, it is possible to avoid an increase in the radius of the high-voltage side coils 1 and 3 and the low-voltage side coils 2 and 4 wound around the main leg iron core 10.

FIG. 16 is a top view of a transformer having two side leg cores having different heights. Referring to FIG. 16, transformer 50B has a coil 66 and an iron core 60B. The iron core 60B has a main leg iron core 10B and side leg iron cores 11B and 12B. The height of the side leg iron core 11B is HA, and the height of the side leg iron core 12B is HB. Since HA> HB, the maximum height of the main leg iron core 10B is HA.

The coil 66 is wound around the main leg iron core 10B. The coil 66 is elliptical. For this reason, the radius of the coil 66 is defined by the length L of the major axis of the ellipse. The radius of the coil 66 depends on the height of the main leg iron core 10B. By making the height of the side leg iron core 11B larger than the height of the side leg iron core 12B, the height of the main leg iron core 10B is increased and the radius of the coil 66 is increased. Increasing the radius of the coil 66 increases the volume and weight of the coil 66. For this reason, the volume and weight of the transformer 50B increase.

On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, an increase in the radius of the coil can be avoided. Therefore, an increase in volume and weight of the transformer can be avoided.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an AC train equipped with a transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 17 and 1, AC train 201 is different from AC train 200 in that it includes a transformer device 111 instead of transformer device 100. The transformer device 111 is different from the transformer device 100 in that a transformer 51 is provided instead of the transformer 50. The configuration of the other part of the AC train 201 is the same as the configuration of the corresponding part of the AC train 200.

The transformer 51 includes coil groups G1 and G2. The coil group G1 includes high-voltage side coils 1A and 1B and low-voltage side coils 2A and 2B. The coil group G2 includes high-voltage side coils 3A and 3B and low-voltage side coils 4A and 4B.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 18, transformer 51 includes an iron core 70 and coil groups G <b> 1 and G <b> 2. The iron core 70 includes side surfaces 71 and 72 that face each other, window portions 73, 74, and 75 that penetrate from the side surface 71 to the side surface 72, and main leg iron cores 10 and 30.

The coil group G1 is wound around the main leg iron core 10 so as to pass through the window portions 73 and 74. The coil group G1 includes high voltage side coils 1A and 1B and low voltage side coils 2A and 2B. The high voltage side coils 1A and 1B are disposed between the low voltage side coil 2A and the low voltage side coil 2B. The high voltage side coil 1A faces the low voltage side coil 2A and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 2A. The high voltage side coil 1B is connected in parallel with the high voltage side coil 1A. The high voltage side coil 1B faces the low voltage side coil 2B and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 2B.

The coil group G2 is wound around the main leg core 30 so as to pass through the window portions 74 and 75. The coil group G2 includes high voltage side coils 3A and 3B and low voltage side coils 4A and 4B. High voltage side coils 3A and 3B are arranged between low voltage side coil 4A and low voltage side coil 4B. The high voltage side coil 3A faces the low voltage side coil 4A and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 4A. The high voltage side coil 3B is connected in parallel with the high voltage side coil 3A. The high voltage side coil 3B faces the low voltage side coil 4B and is magnetically coupled to the low voltage side coil 4B.

Each of the high voltage side coils 1A, 1B, 3A, 3B and the low voltage side coils 2A, 2B, 4A, 4B includes a plurality of disk-shaped windings. Each disk winding is formed by, for example, a rectangular conductive line wound in a substantially elliptical shape. Two disk windings adjacent along the stacking direction are electrically connected to each other.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a cross section XIX-XIX of the transformer shown in FIG. 18 and currents and magnetic fluxes generated in the transformer. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the transformer XX-XX shown in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, iron core 70 includes main leg iron cores 10, 30 and side leg iron cores 31, 32, 33, 34. The side leg iron core 31 is magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core 10. The side leg iron cores 32 and 33 are disposed on the opposite side of the main leg iron core 10 from the side leg iron core 31 and are magnetically coupled to the main leg iron cores 10 and 30. The side leg iron core 34 is disposed on the side opposite to the main leg iron core 30 with respect to the side leg iron cores 32 and 33 and is magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core 30.

A first magnetic path (closed magnetic circuit) is formed by the side leg iron core 31 and the main leg iron core 10. A second magnetic path is formed by the main leg iron core 10, the side leg iron core 32, the main leg iron core 30 and the side leg iron core 33. A third magnetic path is formed by the main leg iron core 30 and the side leg iron core 34.

The main leg iron core 10 has a plurality of magnetic plates 13 stacked in one direction. The magnetic plate 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate. The main leg core 30 has a plurality of magnetic plates 36 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13. The side leg iron core 31 has a plurality of magnetic plates 37 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13. The side leg iron core 33 has a plurality of magnetic plates 38 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13. The side leg iron core 35 has a plurality of magnetic plates 39 stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13. Similar to the side leg core 33, the side leg core 32 has a plurality of magnetic plates stacked in the same direction as the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic plates 13.

Next, the operation of the transformer 51 will be described. An AC voltage is supplied from the overhead wire 91 to the pantograph 92 (see FIG. 18). The AC voltage supplied from the overhead wire 91 is applied to the high-voltage side coils 1A, 1B, 3A and 3B via the pantograph 92. That is, the high voltage side coils belonging to each coil group receive a common single-phase AC power. Thereby, the alternating current IH flows through the high voltage side coils 1A, 1B, 3A, 3B.

Magnetic flux FL11 is generated in the main leg iron core 10 by the alternating current IH flowing through the high voltage side coils 1A and 1B. The magnetic flux FL11 generates an alternating current IL1 and an alternating voltage in the low voltage side coil 2A according to the ratio of the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2A and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1A. Further, the magnetic flux FL11 generates an alternating current IL1 and an alternating voltage in the low voltage side coil 2B according to the ratio between the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2B and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1B.

Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2A is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1A, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 1A is induced in the low voltage side coil 2A. Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 2B is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 1B, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 1B is induced in the low voltage side coil 2B. The AC voltage induced in the low voltage side coils 2A and 2B is supplied to the converter 5A.

Similarly, the magnetic flux FL12 is generated by the alternating current IH flowing through the high voltage side coils 3A and 3B. The magnetic flux FL12 generates an alternating current IL2 and an alternating voltage in the low voltage side coil 4A according to the ratio of the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4A and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3A. Further, the magnetic flux FL12 generates an alternating current IL2 and an alternating voltage in the low voltage side coil 4B according to the ratio between the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4B and the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3B.

Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4A is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3A, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 3A is induced in the low voltage side coil 4A. Since the number of turns of the low voltage side coil 4B is smaller than the number of turns of the high voltage side coil 3B, an AC voltage smaller than the AC voltage applied to the high voltage side coil 3B is induced in the low voltage side coil 4B. The AC voltage induced in the low voltage side coils 4A and 4B is supplied to the converter 5B.

The magnetic flux FL11 is divided into a magnetic flux FL3 and a magnetic flux FL4. The magnetic flux FL3 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the main leg iron core 10 and the side leg iron core 31. The magnetic flux FL4 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the main leg iron core 10, the side leg iron core 32, the main leg iron core 30, and the side leg iron core 33.

Since the magnetic flux FL4 passes through the main leg core 30, the magnetic flux FL12 is divided into the magnetic flux FL4 and the magnetic flux FL5. The magnetic flux FL5 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the main leg iron core 30 and the side leg iron core 34.

The width of the main leg iron cores 10 and 30 is W. The widths of the side leg cores 31 and 34 are both W1. The widths of the side leg cores 32 and 33 are both W2. As in the first embodiment, a relationship of W = W1 + W2 is established among W, W1, and W2. Furthermore, the heights of the main leg iron cores 10 and 30 and the side leg iron cores 31 to 34 are all H. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10 is the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 31 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 32, and the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 31 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 33. equal. Similarly, the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 30 is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 34 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 32, and the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 34 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 33. .

FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transformer installation space. Referring to FIG. 21, transformer 51 is disposed under the floor of an AC train. In order to avoid interference between the transformer 51 and the device (or cable), the dimensions of the outfitting space 25 are limited. Since the width of the side leg core 31 (34) is different from the width of the side leg core 32 (33), the transformer 51 can be accommodated in the outfitting space 25.

FIG. 22 is a view showing a comparative example of the transformer 51 shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 22, transformer 51A has main leg iron cores 10 and 30 and side leg iron cores 31A, 32A, 33A, and 34A. The widths of the main leg iron cores 10 and 30 are both W. The widths of the side leg cores 31A, 32A, 33A, and 34A are all W / 2. That is, the widths of the plurality of side leg cores are equal to each other. In this respect, the transformer 51A is different from the transformer 50. However, since the widths of the plurality of side leg cores are equal to each other, the transformer 51 </ b> A cannot be accommodated in the fitting space 25. That is, similarly to the first embodiment, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to realize a transformer that can be arranged in a space whose dimensions are restricted.

In addition, according to the structure shown in FIG. 18, the width | variety of the side leg iron core of the center of a transformer is smaller than the width | variety of the side leg iron core located in the both ends of a transformer. However, the configuration of the transformer according to the second embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a modification of the transformer according to the second embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 23 and 18, transformer 52 is different from transformer 51 in that an iron core 70 </ b> A is provided instead of iron core 70.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along line XXIV-XXIV in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 24 and 19, iron core 70 </ b> A includes side leg iron cores 41, 42, 43, 44 instead of side leg iron cores 31, 32, 33, 34. The width of the side leg iron cores 41 and 44 is W2. The width of the side leg iron cores 42 and 43 is W1. W2 <W1. That is, the width of the central side leg core of the transformer is larger than the width of the side leg core at the end of the transformer. In this respect, the transformer 52 is different from the transformer 51.

The heights of the main leg iron cores 10 and 30 and the side leg iron cores 41, 42, 43 and 44 are equal to each other. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 10 is the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 41 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 42 and the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 41 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 43. equal. Similarly, the cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core 30 is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 44 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 42 and the sum of the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 44 and the cross-sectional area of the side leg iron core 43. .

FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transformer installation space. Referring to FIG. 25, transformer 52 is arranged under the floor of the AC train. In order to avoid interference between the transformer 51 and the device (or cable), the dimensions of the outfitting space 26 are limited. Since the width of the side leg iron core 41 (44) is different from the width of the side leg iron core 42 (43), the transformer 52 can be accommodated in the outfitting space 26.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a comparative example of the transformer 52 shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 22, transformer 51A is different from transformer 52 in that the widths of the plurality of side leg cores 31A, 32A, 33A, and 34A are equal to each other. Since the configuration of transformer 51A is as described above, detailed description will not be repeated hereinafter. Similarly to the case where the transformer 51A is housed in the outfitting space 25, the widths of the plurality of side leg cores are equal to each other, so that the transformer 51A cannot be accommodated in the outfitting space 26. However, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to realize a transformer that can be arranged in a space in which dimensions are restricted.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the height of the iron core is substantially the same. However, if the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the two side leg cores is equal to the cross-sectional area of the main leg cores and the widths of the two side leg cores are different, the height of the narrower core is increased. May be. Thus, even if it comprises an iron core, the transformer which can be arrange | positioned in the space where the dimension was restricted is realizable.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transformer mounted on a train is shown. However, the transformer of the present invention is not limited to a transformer for trains. In the case where the installation space of the transformer is limited, the transformer according to the present invention can be applied.

The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

1, 3, 1A, 1B, 3A, 3B High voltage side coil, 1-4, 65, 66 coil, 2, 4, 2A, 2B, 4A, 4B, 2B Low voltage side coil, 5A, 5B converter, 6A, 6B inverter 10, 30, 10A, 10B main leg iron core, 11, 12, 11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 31-35, 31A, 41-44 side leg iron core, 13-15, 36-39 magnetic plate, 20, 20A 25, 26 Outfitting space, 21A, 22A space, 50, 50A, 50B, 51, 51A, 52 Transformer, 60, 60A, 60B, 70, 70A Iron core, 71, 72 side, 73-75 windows, 80 tanks , 82 cable, 91 overhead line, 92 pantograph, 100, 111 transformer, 101 vehicle, 102 floor, 200, 201 AC train, L, FL1 to FL5, FL11, FL12 magnetic flux, G1, G2 coil group, IH, IL, IL1, IL2 AC current, L length, MA, MB motor, T1B, T1A, T2A, T2B input terminals, W, W1, W2 width.

Claims (6)

High voltage side coil (1, 3),
Low voltage side coils (2, 4),
An iron core (60) having a plurality of magnetic bodies stacked in one direction, and the iron core (60)
A main leg core (10) around which the first high-voltage side coil (1, 3) and the first low-voltage side coil (2, 4) are wound in common;
A first side leg iron core (11) and a second side leg iron core (12) disposed on both sides of the main leg iron core (10) and magnetically coupled to the main leg iron core (10); Including
The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first side leg iron core (11) and the magnetic path cross-sectional area (12) of the second side leg iron core is the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the main leg iron core (10). equally,
When the length in the direction orthogonal to both the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies and the direction of magnetic flux is defined as the width, the width of the first side leg core (11) is the second side leg core ( 12) A transformer different from the width of 12). When the length of the plurality of magnetic bodies along the stacking direction is defined as height, the height of the first side leg iron core (11), the height of the second side leg iron core (12), and the main The transformer according to claim 1, wherein the height of the leg iron core (10) is substantially equal. A first coil group (G1) including a first high voltage side coil (1A, 1B) and a first low voltage side coil (2A, 2B);
A second coil group (G2) including a second high voltage side coil (3A, 3B) and a second low voltage side coil (4A, 4B);
An iron core (70, 70A) having a plurality of magnetic bodies stacked in one direction, the iron core (70, 70A),
A first main leg core (10) in which the first high-voltage side coil (1A, 1B) and the first low-voltage side coil (2A, 2B) are wound in common;
A second main leg core (30) around which the second high voltage side coil (3A, 3B) and the second low voltage side coil (4A, 4B) are wound in common;
A first side leg core (31, 41) magnetically coupled to the first main leg core (10);
A second side leg core (32, 33, 42, 43) magnetically coupled to the first main leg core (10) and the second main leg core (30);
A third side leg core (34, 44) magnetically coupled to the second main leg core;
The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the first side leg iron core (31, 41) and the magnetic path cross-sectional area (32, 33, 42, 43) of the second side leg iron core is the first main leg. Equal to the cross-sectional area of the magnetic core of the leg core (10),
The sum of the magnetic path cross-sectional area (32, 33, 42, 43) of the second side leg iron core and the magnetic path cross-sectional area (34, 44) of the third side leg iron core is the first main axis. It is equal to the magnetic path cross-sectional area of the leg iron core (30),
When the length in the direction orthogonal to both the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies and the direction of the magnetic flux is defined as the width, the width of the first side leg core (31, 41) is the second side leg. The width of the third side leg iron core (34, 44) is different from the width of the iron core (32, 33, 42, 43) and the width of the second side leg iron core (32, 33, 42, 43). Transformer different from width. When the length along the stacking direction of the plurality of magnetic bodies is defined as height, the height of the first side leg core (31, 41) and the second side leg core (32, 33, 42, 43), the height of the third side leg iron core (34, 44), the height of the first main leg iron core (10), and the height of the second main leg iron core (30). The transformer of claim 3, substantially equal. The width of the first side leg core (31) and the width of the third side leg core (34) are substantially equal,
The transformer according to claim 4, wherein the width of the second side leg cores (32, 33) is smaller than the width of the first and third side leg cores (31, 34). The width of the first side leg core (41) and the width of the third side leg core (44) are substantially equal,
The transformer according to claim 4, wherein a width of the second side leg iron core (42, 43) is larger than a width of the first and third side leg iron cores (41, 44).

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