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WO2011140294A1 - Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des polluants d'un flux de gaz - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des polluants d'un flux de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011140294A1
WO2011140294A1 PCT/US2011/035289 US2011035289W WO2011140294A1 WO 2011140294 A1 WO2011140294 A1 WO 2011140294A1 US 2011035289 W US2011035289 W US 2011035289W WO 2011140294 A1 WO2011140294 A1 WO 2011140294A1
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Prior art keywords
gas stream
stream
gas
nitrogen
water
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James A. Wasas
Raymond C. Stenger
Wolfgang H. Koch
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SWAPSOL Corp
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SWAPSOL Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8637—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
    • C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
    • C01B17/0404—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by processes comprising a dry catalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide-containing gases, e.g. the Claus process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/02—Preparation of sulfur; Purification
    • C01B17/04—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
    • C01B17/05—Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides by wet processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/50—Inorganic acids
    • B01D2251/51—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/104—Silver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/204—Alkaline earth metals
    • B01D2255/2047—Magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/2073—Manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20738—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20746—Cobalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20753—Nickel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20761—Copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/209—Other metals
    • B01D2255/2092—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/80—Quenching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method of eliminating pollutants from a flue gas, and more particularly, to the elimination of ⁇ and SOx pollutants in an exhaust gas stream.
  • fuel such as coal, oil, gas, biomass, etc.
  • the combustion of such fuels results in the generation of an exhaust gas (also referred to as a flue gas) containing many undesirable byproducts that need to be removed prior to emitting the flue gas into the atmosphere.
  • exhaust gas also referred to as a flue gas
  • byproducts may include nitrogen oxides (NO x ), sulfur oxides (SO x ), and the like.
  • Nitrogen oxides are typically formed in high temperature combustion processes and sulfur oxides are typically formed during combustion of sulfur in the fuel; these flue gases may also contain additional pollutants such as particulate matter, hydrocarbons and gasified metals.
  • Electrostatic Precipitator which can clean more than 99.9% of particulate matter from flue gases.
  • emission of pollutants in the form of flue gases containing nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides continue to be a concern.
  • Sulfur oxides such as sulfur dioxide (S0 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO3), are components of flue gas that cannot be removed via filtering. Since coal and oil contain sulfur compounds, their combustion generates mixed sulfur oxides (SO x ). When emitted to the air, sulfur oxides reacts with water and causes acidification of water and soil. The environmental impact of S0 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion has been known for a long time, and the first cleaning technologies were introduced in the 1930s. Using fuels with less sulfur content was an early method of reducing SO x emissions. More advanced and effective methods for treating sulfur oxide emissions were developed in the 1980s, including Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD).
  • FGD Flue Gas Desulfurization
  • the flue gases are cleaned using wet scrubbers or dry sorbants that absorb the sulfur oxides using limestone or other chemicals as an absorbing agent.
  • FGD and other sulfur removing systems generally only have an efficiency rate on the order of 90 to 95%, and are generally not effective for the elimination of other flue gas components such as ⁇ .
  • additional equipment and processing steps may be needed to effectively treat flue gases containing other pollutants.
  • Nitrogen oxides ( ⁇ ) have many adverse effects on the environment such as causing ground-level ozone that triggers respiratory problems, and contributing to acidification and eutrophication. ⁇ , and pollutants formed from NO x , can be transported over long distances, following wind patterns.
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • N 2 elementary nitrogen
  • Urea can also be used, but with the additional release of C0 2 .
  • SCR catalysts are generally expensive and are not useful in eliminating pollutants such as SO x .
  • Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods of eliminating gaseous pollutants in a gas streams, such as flue gas streams, by reacting the gaseous pollutants with hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in the presence of a catalyst under conditions sufficient to convert the gaseous pollutants into products including one or more of elemental nitrogen, elemental sulfur, and water.
  • H 2 S hydrogen sulfide
  • the present invention provides a method, system and apparatus for the elimination of multiple pollutants in a gas stream that can be carried out in a continuous process with the use of a single catalytic material. As a result, additional cleaning steps and additional equipment are not required to remove NO x and SO x from a gas stream.
  • a gas stream in which the gas stream includes one or more gaseous pollutants that include at least one of ⁇ and SOx molecules as pollutants.
  • a stream of gaseous H 2 S is then introduced into the gas stream to form a stream comprising a combination of H 2 S and at least one of NO x or SO x .
  • the gaseous stream containing H 2 S and ⁇ or SOx is then introduced into a catalyst in which the H 2 S reacts with ⁇ or SOx present in the gas stream to convert the ⁇ or SOx pollutants into one or more of elemental sulfur, elemental nitrogen, water, and mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention is also directed to an apparatus for eliminating pollutants from a gas stream in which the apparatus includes a catalytic reactor having a catalyst in which H 2 S reacts with at least one of ⁇ or SOx to produce reaction products including one or more of elemental sulfur, elemental nitrogen, water, and mixtures thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for eliminating pollutants in a gas stream having a catalytic reactor for reacting H 2 S with at least one of ⁇ or SOx; and
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an alternative apparatus for eliminating pollutants in a gas stream that includes a nozzle for introducing a stream of water into the catalytic reactor.
  • the present invention is directed to method of eliminating gaseous pollutants in a gas stream, such as flue gas stream, by reacting the gaseous pollutants with hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in the presence of a catalyst under conditions sufficient to convert the gaseous pollutants into products including one or more of elemental nitrogen, elemental sulfur, and water.
  • the invention is directed to a method of eliminating gaseous pollutants in a gas stream in which the gaseous pollutants include one or more of ⁇ , SOx, and combinations thereof.
  • Additional pollutants that may be present in the gas stream and that may be eliminated in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include carbonyl sulfide (COS).
  • a gas stream in which the gas stream includes one or more gaseous pollutants that include at least one of NO x and SO x molecules as pollutants.
  • a stream of H 2 S is then introduced into the gas stream to form a stream comprising a combination of H 2 S and at least one of ⁇ or SOx.
  • the gaseous stream containing H 2 S and ⁇ or SOx is then introduced into a catalyst in which the H 2 S reacts with ⁇ or SO x present in the gas stream to convert the NO x or SO x pollutants into one or more of elemental sulfur, elemental nitrogen, water, and mixtures thereof.
  • ⁇ compounds that can be eliminated in accordance with the present invention include nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (N0 2 ), nitrogen pentoxide (N 2 0 5 ), nitrogen tetraoxide (N 2 04), nitrogen trioxide (N 2 0 3 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 0), nitrous acid (HN0 2 ), and nitric acid (HNO3), and combinations thereof.
  • the ⁇ compounds include nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (N0 2 ), or a combination thereof.
  • Equations 1-8 The chemical reaction of the H 2 S with the various ⁇ compounds are represented by Equations 1-8, below:
  • thermodynamic values for the reaction of H 2 S with ⁇ compounds are described in Table 1 , below.
  • S0 2 sulfur dioxide
  • S0 3 sulfur trioxide
  • the chemical reaction of the H 2 S with the various SO x compounds are represented by
  • thermodynamic values for the reaction of H 2 S with SOx compounds are described in Table 2, below.
  • the process of catalytically reacting H 2 S with ⁇ and SOx pollutants found in the gas stream is highly exothermic.
  • the temperature of the gas stream is from about room temperature to 305° F, and in particular, from about 100° F to about 150° F. It should be recognized that in some embodiments, higher temperatures may be employed. For example, temperatures ranging from about 500° to 1500° F may also be employed, although not necessarily with equivalent results.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a method of eliminating substantially all ⁇ and SOx pollutants in a gas stream with the same catalyst material.
  • the present invention helps to solve some of the problems associated with the prior art, and in particular, provides a single step process for removing both ⁇ and SOx. As a result, multiple separate steps for the removal of ⁇ and SOx from a gas stream can be eliminated or reduced.
  • the term "substantially” includes at least 90% removal, but removal may be as much as 100%. Preferably, at least 95%, more preferably, at least 98%, and most preferably, at least 99% of the pollutants are removed during the inventive process.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a system 10 in accordance with the present invention in which a gas stream, such as flue gas stream, containing pollutants is reacted with H 2 S in the presence of a catalyst to eliminate the pollutants in the gas stream.
  • a gas stream 12 is introduced into a gas duct 14 from a gas source 16.
  • the gas stream can be a result of any combustion or manufacturing process that generates pollutants such as NO x and SO x .
  • the gas source can be a furnace or combustion chamber that burns fuel, such as coal, gas, oil, and the like.
  • the gas source can be any industrial or commercial process that generates a gas stream containing pollutants, such as ⁇ and SOx.
  • the gas duct is in communication with a catalytic reactor 18.
  • the catalytic reactor includes a catalyst 20 for the conversion of pollutants in the gas stream.
  • the stream of gas flows from the gas source and is introduced into the catalytic reactor 18 via inlet 22.
  • the gas stream has been filtered to remove particulate matter prior to being introduced into the catalytic reactor.
  • the gas stream may be passed through a particulate collection device, such as an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) prior to be introduced into the catalyst.
  • ESP electrostatic precipitator
  • a source of H 2 S 24 provides a stream of H 2 S that is introduced into the gas stream via supply line 26.
  • a nozzle 28 in communication with supply source 24 is positioned upstream of the catalyst to introduce the H 2 S stream into gas stream 14.
  • the H 2 S stream mixes with the gas stream and is carried downstream to the catalyst 20 where the H 2 S and pollutants in the gas stream (e.g., NO x , SO x ) react on the catalyst 20 to convert the pollutants into one or more products including elemental sulfur, nitrogen gas and water.
  • the resulting clean flow is then discharged from the catalytic reactor 18 through outlet 30.
  • Monitoring sensors and computer controlled valves may be used to control the injection of H 2 S into the gas stream 14 so as to use only just enough H 2 S to maintain the correct stoichiometric ratio of H 2 S to pollutants in the flue gas to effect elimination of both the H 2 S and flue gas contaminants.
  • catalysts examples include copper compounds, such as carbonates, hydroxides, oxides or sulfides of copper, vanadium compounds, such as oxides or sulfides of vanadium, and tungsten compounds, such as oxides or sulfides of tungsten, and mixtures thereof, but any other catalyst that accelerates the reaction may be used.
  • Exemplary catalysts include, but are not limited to, minerals, such as malachite and azurite, and chemicals, such as vanadium pentoxide, vanadium sulfide, nichrome wire, chromium oxides, tungsten sulfide, tungsten oxides, molybdenum sulfide and titanium dioxide, and combinations thereof.
  • the catalyst comprises a material that is capable of accelerating the reaction between NO x , SO, and H 2 S.
  • Other catalysts include those specified in U.S. Pat. No. 6,099,819.
  • the catalyst comprises a mixture of sulfides and oxides of aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and nickel.
  • the catalyst material may also include trace amounts in the low parts per million of rhodium, chromium, and silver, and combinations thereof.
  • the catalysts may be in any form, including powders, pellets, and other shapes suitable for a given reactor.
  • the catalyst is in the form of a particulate material having average particles sizes ranging between 100 and 100,000 microns, and in particular, from about 500 to 25,000 microns, and more particularly, from 1 ,000 to 5,000 microns.
  • the particles have average sizes ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 microns.
  • the catalyst may be a coating on a carrier, such as rings or beads, or may be particles that are not so fine as to prevent the flow of the gases through the catalytic bed.
  • the catalyst may be comprised of vanadium shavings with an oxidized surface.
  • the catalyst is, preferably, placed in a column of such composition as to be structurally stable and resistant to attack by the gas passing through the reactor and placed above or in contact with a outlet for receiving, or draining, water, sulfur and purified gas, including nitrogen gas, from the catalyst. Multiple stages and additional filtration may be employed as desired to assure the elimination of entrained particulates.
  • the catalytic reactor is configured so that the gas stream flow flows downwardly through the catalyst. That is, the gas stream and any reaction products formed in the catalyst flow downwardly in the direction of gravity.
  • This is particular advantageous as the reaction between NO x and SO x typically creates a slurry material containing water vapor, nitrogen gas, and element sulfur. The resulting slurry flows downwardly and exits the catalytic reactor via outlet 30.
  • the treated material flows into a separation unit 32 in which the gaseous components (e.g., water vapor and nitrogen) are separated from the liquid and solid components.
  • the now cleaned gaseous components can then be introduced into a stack 36 via line 38 from which the gaseous components can be discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the remaining mixture having liquid and solid components is sent to a second separation unit 40 for separating solids from and liquid that may remain.
  • the solid components such as sulfur, can then be recovered in a subsequent step.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which the apparatus include a nozzle 50 for introducing a stream of water 52 into the gas stream.
  • the stream of water can be introduced as a liquid, mist, or a vapor. Water, owing to its high heat capacity, is capable of absorbing heat that is produced during the reaction of H 2 S with one or more of the pollutants.
  • the water removes the heat from the system so that the temperature within the catalytic reactor can be controlled.
  • the water and reaction products are discharged from the catalytic reactor via an outlet of the catalytic reactor that feeds into a gas separator.
  • the water can be separated and recovered from the solid components as discussed above.
  • the recovered water can then be recycled for reintroduction into the catalytic reactor as described above.
  • Other methods of controlling the temperature may include introducing ambient air into the gas stream, using heat exchanges and/or air coolers.
  • the process may also vary the H 2 S injection location or include multiple locations for H 2 S injection.
  • the catalytic reactor may also include a means for mixing the H 2 S stream and the gas stream.
  • the apparatus may also include a mixing element (not shown) that helps in the uniform distribution of the H 2 S into the gas stream.
  • the mixing element is typically disposed downstream of the H 2 S injection nozzle 28.
  • the mixing element comprises a fin device, such as fan, having fins or blades such that as the gas stream flows through the mixing element, the path of the path of the gas stream is disturbed creating a turbulent flow of the gas stream on downstream side of the mixing device.
  • the H 2 S stream introduced into the exhaust stream can be more uniformly distributed therein.
  • Other forms of mixing the H 2 S stream and gas stream include projections and similar structures positioned within the catalytic reactor and that are configured to disturb the flow of the gas stream, helical coils, and the like.
  • a catalytic column was prepared using a Pyrex glass tube having a 25 millimeter (mm) outer diameter (OD) and a 22 mm inner diameter (ID), or a stainless steel tube having an outer diameter of 1 inch and an inner diameter of 7/8 of an inch.
  • the column was packed with about 80 grams of a catalyst material having an average particle size ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 microns.
  • the catalyst material was comprised of a mix of sulfides and oxides of aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and nickel.
  • the catalyst material also included traces of rhodium, chromium, and silver.
  • the apparent density of the catalyst material was about 2 grams/cm and the catalyst bed in the column was about 110 mm deep.
  • the catalytic column was heated with an exterior resistance wire to a temperature ranging from about 30° C to about 250 ° C.
  • the temperature within the catalytic column was measured with a Type K direct contact thermocouple that was positioned inside of the catalyst bed.
  • the experiments were carried out with both a dry catalytic column and a water showered catalytic column.
  • the temperature of the water showered catalytic column was maintained in the range of about 30 ° C to about 90° C, and the dry catalytic column was maintained at a temperature up to about 150° C.
  • a stream of hydrogen sulfide gas was injected into a nitrogen carrier gas containing a targeted flue gas.
  • the resulting stream was then introduced into the catalytic column in which the flue gas constituents were reacted with hydrogen sulfide.
  • the reaction products were then discharged from the column through an outlet at the base of the column.
  • the reaction products included a gas and a water slurry containing various impurities.
  • the gas was collected and analyzed with a SRI Model 86 IOC gas
  • GC chromatographer
  • a stream of nitrogen gas containing 7.8% nitrous oxides supplied by Matheson TriGas was used in this example.
  • a stream of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S 99.5%, COS 0.5%>) as supplied by Matheson TriGas was injected into the impure nitrogen stream.
  • the resulting gas stream was then introduced into a prepared catalytic column as described above.
  • the catalytic column was pre-heated with an exterior resistance wire to temperatures ranging from 30° C to 150° C.
  • a water slurry and a gas emerged from the bottom of the column.
  • the gas was separated from the water slurry and analyzed with the GC.
  • the gas comprised nitrogen, and no nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide detected in the gas stream.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Elimination of 0 3 , COS and H 2 S.
  • Ozone was generated in air with a high voltage sparker and fed into the catalytic column, which was pre-heated with an exterior resistance wire to temperatures ranging from 30° C to 150° C while hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S 99.5%, COS 0.5%) as supplied by Matheson Trigas was injected into the air stream. A water slurry and a gas emerged from the bottom of the column. The gas was separated from the water slurry and analyzed with the GC for the presence of contaminants. The gas comprised nitrogen and oxygen; no contaminants were detected in the gas stream.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Elimination of SOx, COS and H 2 S.
  • EXAMPLE 4 A Elimination of mixed pollutants using H 2 S.
  • Nitrous oxides and sulfur oxides were mixed into a nitrogen stream and introduced into a catalytic column as described above.
  • a stream of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S 99.5%>, COS 0.5%>) as supplied by Matheson TriGas was injected into the impure nitrogen stream.
  • the gas was separated from the water slurry and analyzed with the GC for the presence of contaminants. No nitric oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide were detected in the resulting nitrogen gas stream.
  • Nitrous oxides and sulfur oxides were mixed into nitrogen and fed into a catalytic column as described above and that was pre-heated with an exterior resistance wire to
  • Nitrous oxides and sulfur oxides were mixed into nitrogen and fed into a catalytic column as described above and that was pre-heated to 70° C with an exterior resistance wire.
  • a stream of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S 99.5%>, COS 0.5%) as supplied by Matheson TriGas was injected into the impure nitrogen stream.
  • the gas was separated from the water slurry and analyzed with the GC for the presence of contaminants. No nitric oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide were detected in the gas stream.
  • Nitrous oxides and sulfur oxides were mixed into nitrogen and fed into a catalytic column as described above.
  • the catalytic column was pre-heated to 70° C with a water shower introduced into the column.
  • a stream of hydrogen sulfide (3 ⁇ 4S 99.5%, COS 0.5%) as supplied by Matheson TriGas was injected into the impure nitrogen stream.
  • a water slurry and a gas emerged from the bottom of the column.
  • the gas was separated from the water slurry and analyzed with the GC for the presence of contaminants.
  • the gas comprised nitrogen. No nitric oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide were detected in the gas stream.

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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'élimination de polluants gazeux dans un flux de gaz (12), tel qu'un flux de gaz d'évacuation, par réaction des polluants gazeux avec du sulfure d'hydrogène (H2S) (24) en présence d'un catalyseur (20) dans des conditions suffisantes pour convertir les polluants gazeux en produits comprenant un ou plusieurs de l'azote élémentaire, du soufre élémentaire, et de l'eau. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé d'élimination de polluants gazeux dans un flux de gaz dans lequel les polluants gazeux comprennent un ou plusieurs de NOx, SOx, et des combinaisons de ceux-ci. Des polluants additionnels qui peuvent être présents dans le flux de gaz et qui peuvent être éliminés selon des modes de réalisation de la présente invention comprennent l'ozone (O3) et le sulfure de carbonyle (COS).
PCT/US2011/035289 2010-05-07 2011-05-05 Procédé et appareil pour éliminer des polluants d'un flux de gaz Ceased WO2011140294A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020033791A1 (fr) 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 Verseau Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions oligonucléotidiques pour cibler ccr2 et csf1r et leurs utilisations

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0214407A2 (fr) * 1985-07-15 1987-03-18 Siegfried Prof. Dr. Peter Procédé pour éliminer des composés organiques sulfurés et/ou des oxydes de soufre et/ou des oxydes d'azote contenus dans des gaz
US5120517A (en) * 1991-01-28 1992-06-09 Pacific Gas Supply Corporation Process for the removal of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from flue gas
US6099819A (en) 1998-01-26 2000-08-08 Tda Research, Inc. Catalysts for the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0214407A2 (fr) * 1985-07-15 1987-03-18 Siegfried Prof. Dr. Peter Procédé pour éliminer des composés organiques sulfurés et/ou des oxydes de soufre et/ou des oxydes d'azote contenus dans des gaz
US5120517A (en) * 1991-01-28 1992-06-09 Pacific Gas Supply Corporation Process for the removal of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from flue gas
US6099819A (en) 1998-01-26 2000-08-08 Tda Research, Inc. Catalysts for the selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020033791A1 (fr) 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 Verseau Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions oligonucléotidiques pour cibler ccr2 et csf1r et leurs utilisations

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