WO2011021503A1 - 一過性生着ctlを含む医薬品組成物 - Google Patents
一過性生着ctlを含む医薬品組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011021503A1 WO2011021503A1 PCT/JP2010/063181 JP2010063181W WO2011021503A1 WO 2011021503 A1 WO2011021503 A1 WO 2011021503A1 JP 2010063181 W JP2010063181 W JP 2010063181W WO 2011021503 A1 WO2011021503 A1 WO 2011021503A1
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
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- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/28—Bone marrow; Haematopoietic stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells of any origin, e.g. adipose-derived stem cells
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- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/44—Vessels; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Endothelial cells; Endothelial progenitor cells
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- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/0634—Cells from the blood or the immune system
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- C12N5/0665—Blood-borne mesenchymal stem cells, e.g. from umbilical cord blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K2035/124—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells the cells being hematopoietic, bone marrow derived or blood cells
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/20—Cytokines; Chemokines
- C12N2501/23—Interleukins [IL]
- C12N2501/2302—Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells, and more specifically, a pharmaceutical composition comprising cytotoxic T cells derived from umbilical cord blood, presented by a patient's HLA class I molecule.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition capable of recognizing a disease-related antigen, and wherein the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell does not cause permanent engraftment or acute GVH disease of severity III or IV in the patient.
- Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, hereinafter referred to as “UCBHCT”) is acute myeloid leukemia and other leukemia, aplastic anemia and other hematopoietic disorders, congenital immunodeficiency, congenital This is an effective treatment for children and adults such as metabolic disorders and EBV infection (Non-patent Document 1).
- UCBHCT has become the most popular stem cell transplantation therapy today because the cord blood bank system that is cryopreserved after obtaining histocompatibility test data is widespread in each country.
- UCBHCT In UCBHCT, in general, for HLA-A, HLA-B, and DRB1 loci, 4 to 6 of 6 antigens whose matching type of pediatric patients undergoing transplantation matches that of unrelated cord blood are matched. It is known that transplantation is usually successful when six are included, that is, when the patient's matched type contains 0 to 2 antigens that do not match the matched type of cord blood (Non-patent Documents 2 and 3). The transplanted cells are permanently engrafted in the patient's host body.
- ACT adoptive immunotherapy
- Non-patent Document 4 Non-patent Document 4
- ACT removes lymphocytes by mass-culturing patients 'own lymphocytes that have infiltrated the tumor tissue or patients' lymphocytes sensitized in vitro with a disease-related antigen in the presence of interleukin-2. It is a treatment method that is transplanted to a given patient. For example, in metastatic melanoma, objective tumor regression has been reported in about 50% of cases in which autologous lymphocyte infusion using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been performed.
- UCBHCT accepts one or two mismatched antigens, but donor umbilical cord blood suitable for transplantation may not be found depending on the compatible type of the patient's HLA locus.
- donor umbilical cord blood may not be suitable for transplantation because it corresponds to an incompatible combination of HLA types involved in severe GVH disease and survival.
- GVH disease graft-versus-host disease
- the risk of developing transplanted cell-derived leukemia is higher in UCBHCT than in bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
- ACT needs to prepare lymphocytes for transplantation for each patient, and this operation is quite labor intensive and requires specialized skills. Also in ACT, there is a risk of developing leukemia derived from transplanted cells.
- transplant cells for immunotherapy that can target a wider range of patients than conventional transplant cells for immunotherapy and that do not cause severe GVH disease. is there.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells.
- any one locus of the human HLA class I molecule of the cell contains at least one antigen whose matched type of the cell matches that of the patient.
- the human HLA class I and II molecular loci of the cells contain at least one antigen whose compatible type of the cells does not match that of the patient, and the cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cells are in the body of the patient.
- neither permanent engraftment nor acute GVH disease of severity III or IV occurs.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is administered after the patient's lymphocytes have been removed and is engrafted transiently in the patient's body, but the patient's lymphocytes may re-grow and disappear. .
- the human HLA class I molecule locus of the cell is HLA-A and HLA-B
- the human HLA class II molecule locus of the cell is DRB1
- the HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and DRB1 antigen loci comprise at least one antigen whose compatible type of cells does not match that of the patient, and the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells are In the body, there may be no permanent engraftment or acute GVH disease of severity III or IV.
- the HLA-A, HLA-B, and DRB1 antigen loci of the cells contain 5 to 6 antigens whose matched type of the cells does not match that of the patient, and Cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells may not cause permanent engraftment in the patient's body or acute GVH disease of severity III or IV.
- the human hematopoietic stem cell may be a cord blood stem cell.
- the human hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell may be a cytotoxic T cell specific for a human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used for cancer treatment.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used for treating infectious diseases.
- the cytotoxic T cells specific to the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope are amplified without being stimulated by the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope There is.
- the HLA-A locus of the cell contains at least one antigen whose matched type of the cell matches that of the patient, and the cytotoxic T cell is a Wilms tumor. It may be specific for the causative gene product (WT1).
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising cytotoxic T cells derived from human umbilical cord blood.
- the cytotoxic T cell is restricted to HLA class I molecules at any one locus of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C.
- a cytotoxic T cell that is specific for an epitope and specific for said human HLA class I molecule restricted epitope is amplified without being stimulated by said human HLA class I molecule restricted epitope, and any one of said cells
- the HLA class I molecule of the type of locus contains at least one antigen whose matched type of the cell matches that of the patient, and the HLA-A, HLA-B and DRB1 loci of the cell And 5 to 6 antigens that do not match the patient's compatible type, and the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells are present in the patient's body, with permanent engraftment, severity II Or it does not cause even acute GVH disease IV.
- the present invention is the pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment of the present invention, wherein the cytotoxic T cells specific for the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope are stimulated by the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment that is amplified without any problem.
- the manufacturing method includes stimulating human umbilical cord blood with CD3 / CD28 immunobeads.
- the present invention provides a method for treating infectious diseases or cancer.
- the method for treating infection or cancer of the present invention comprises the steps of preparing cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells, and transplanting the cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells to a patient, and human HLA class I molecules of the cells Any one of the loci comprises at least one antigen whose matched type of the cell matches that of the patient, and the antigen of the human HLA class I and II molecule locus of the cell.
- the cell type contains at least one antigen that does not match the patient's type, and the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell is in the patient's body, either permanently engrafted, or with an acute GVH disease of severity III or IV It does not wake up.
- the method for treating infection or cancer of the present invention comprises the step of removing lymphocytes of the patient before the step of transplanting the cells into the patient, and the cells derived from the human hematopoietic stem cells It may be characterized by the fact that the patient's lymphocytes re-proliferate and disappear while transiently taking in the body.
- any one locus of human HLA class I molecules of the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell is selected from the group consisting of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C,
- the locus of the human HLA class II molecule is DRB1
- the antigen of the human HLA class I and II molecule locus is at least one antigen whose matched cell type does not match that of the patient.
- the hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell may be characterized in that it does not cause permanent engraftment or an acute GVH disease of severity III or IV in the patient.
- the antigens at the HLA-A, HLA-B and DRB1 loci of the cells include 5 to 6 antigens in which the compatible type of the cells does not match that of the patient.
- the cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cells may be characterized in that they do not cause permanent engraftment or acute GVH disease of severity III or IV in the patient.
- the human hematopoietic stem cells may be umbilical cord blood stem cells.
- the human hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell may be a cytotoxic T cell specific for a human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope.
- the step of preparing a cell derived from the human hematopoietic stem cell comprises the step of preparing the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope without being stimulated by the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope.
- Amplifying specific cytotoxic T cells may be included.
- the step of amplifying cytotoxic T cells specific to the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope without being stimulated by the human HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope Stimulating human umbilical cord blood with CD3 / CD28 immunobeads may be included.
- the compatible type of at least one antigen of the HLA-A locus of the hematopoietic stem cell matches the compatible type of the patient, and the cytotoxic T cell is a Wilms tumor causative gene. It may be specific for the product (WT1).
- the human umbilical cord blood-derived cytotoxic T cell is an HLA class I molecule at any one locus of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C.
- Cytotoxic T cells that are specific for a restricted epitope and specific for the human HLA class I molecule restricted epitope are amplified without being stimulated by the human HLA class I molecule restricted epitope,
- the HLA class I molecule at any one locus contains at least one antigen whose cell type matches that of the patient, and the cell's HLA-A, HLA-B and DRB1 loci are 5 to 6 antigens that do not match the patient's compatible type, and the cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cells are in the patient's body, permanent engraftment, It may not occur even acute GVH disease in degrees III or IV.
- the human hematopoietic stem cells of the present invention may be derived from tissues including, but not limited to, cord blood, bone marrow, and peripheral blood after administration of G-CSF.
- a preferred source of human hematopoietic stem cells is cord blood.
- hematopoietic stem cells generated from embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells may also be used.
- the human hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells of the present invention include T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils and other granulocytes.
- the human hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells of the present invention may be generated by inducing differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells contained in umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, and peripheral blood after administration of G-CSF. In some cases, it is generated by directly inducing differentiation from adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
- iPS induced pluripotent stem
- the human hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells of the present invention are prepared by determining the HLA class I and II molecular locus conformation antigens and cryopreserving tissues containing cord blood and other hematopoietic stem cells. It may be generated by thawing the tissue having an adaptive form that meets the requirements of the present invention and culturing it with growth stimulation after the compatible form of the antigen at the locus of the I and II molecules has been determined .
- the cells derived from the human hematopoietic stem cells of the present invention may be generated by culturing in advance with growth stimulation, amplified, and cryopreserved. In the latter case, since a large amount has been amplified in advance, cells whose drug efficacy has been confirmed in advance can be administered to the patient. In addition, cells of uniform quality can be administered to one or more patients.
- HLA class I molecules There are three types of HLA class I molecules: HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C. There are numerous polymorphisms of genes at each locus of HLA class I molecules and their products. While HLA class I molecules have the function of presenting peptide antigens to cytotoxic T cells, host cells are transplanted as immunogens that serve as a basis for self-non-self discrimination during tissue transplantation between allogeneic species. It also plays a role in inducing an HVG reaction that attacks the cells and a GVH reaction in which the transplanted cells attack the host cells.
- each locus of HLA class I molecules has 2 antigens, and the locus of HLA class I molecules has a total of 6 antigens. Therefore, when expressing the fitness of HLA, the case where only one antigen's fitness type at one locus is different is “one antigen mismatch”, and one or two antigen's fitness types at one locus are different. The case is expressed as “one-seat mismatch”. That is, “one locus mismatch” includes the case of one antigen mismatch and two antigen mismatch. Similarly, “bidentate mismatch” includes the case where 2 to 4 antigens do not match. Also, when 5 or 6 antigens do not match for 3 loci, they also do not match.
- the conforming type may be determined by serological examination or DNA examination.
- DNA tests There are two types of DNA tests: those with medium resolution such as the fluorescent bead method (PCR-rsso method) and those with high resolution such as the SBT method.
- Suitable types include a so-called 4-digit allele name, a 6-digit allele considering base substitution in the translation region, and an 8-digit allele considering base substitution in the untranslated region. Since the 6-digit or 8-digit allele is a polymorphism without amino acid change, it can be treated immunologically in the same manner as the 4-digit allele.
- HLA-DR There are three types of heterodimers in HLA class II molecules: HLA-DR, HLA-DP and HLA-DQ.
- the alpha and beta chains that make up each heterodimer are encoded at adjacent loci on the chromosome, but there are only two beta chains of HLA-DR. Therefore, there are seven loci of HLA class II molecules: DRA, DRB1, DRB2, DPA, DPB, DQA and DQB.
- HLA class II molecules have the function of presenting peptide antigens to helper T cells, like HLA class I molecules, they serve as immunogens that serve as the basis for self-nonself discrimination during allogeneic tissue transplantation.
- HLA class II the host cell attacks the transplanted cell
- GVGH a GVGH reaction in which the transplanted cell attacks the host cell.
- HLA class I molecules there are numerous polymorphisms in genes at the loci of HLA class II molecules and their products.
- transient engraftment means that the transplanted cells can be detected in the host body, for example, in the peripheral blood even after the lapse of 1 month, but after 3 months, 6 months, 12 months. Or, it means that it can no longer be detected after 18 months.
- Permanent engraftment means that cells transplanted in the host can be detected throughout the life of the host.
- genetic tests such as PCR, chromosome tests such as FISH and chromosome analysis, and cell immunohistochemical tests such as flow cytometry using anti-HLA antibodies. it can.
- the matched type of the pediatric patient undergoing transplantation contains 4 to 6 out of 6 antigens that match the matched type of unrelated cord blood
- transplantation is usually successful if the patient's fitness type contains 0 or 2 antigens that do not match the cord blood adaptation type (Nippon Umbilical Blood Bank Network Committee, “Results of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in Japan (results of analysis in 2007)”, https://www.j-cord.gr.jp/ja/wnew/isyokuseiseki2007.pdf, Gluckman, E. and Rocha, V., Curr. Opin.
- the HLA-A, HLA-B and DRB1 loci of the cells of the present invention if the cell's compatible type contains at least one antigen that does not match the patient's compatible type, specialized in the field of cord blood transplantation
- the home can determine conditions in which cord blood-derived cells do not cause permanent engraftment or severity III or IV acute GVH disease in the patient's body.
- the HLA-A, HLA-B and DRB1 loci of the cells of the present invention comprise 4, 5 or 6 antigens whose matched type of the cell does not match that of the patient.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be transplanted to a much wider range of patients than conventional ones even from cells derived from one donor.
- medicinal cells eg, cytotoxic T cells specific for various disease-related antigens
- the cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells of the present invention include any cell type that can differentiate into dendritic cells and cytotoxic T cells. That is, common lymphoid progenitor cells, dendritic cells, so-called double negative T cells that do not express both CD4 and CD8, so-called double positive T cells that express both CD4 and CD8, and CD8 positive T cells.
- the bone marrow-lymphoid common progenitor cells, the bone marrow-T cell common progenitor cells, and the macrophage-T cell common progenitor cells proposed by Katsura and Kawamoto are not limited thereto.
- hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells of the present invention various procedures known to experts in this technical field can be used. For example, when separating leukocytes from cord blood, Ficoll specific gravity centrifugation can be used. When separating T cells from the leukocytes, cell surface antigen CD3 is obtained using immunomagnetic beads including, but not limited to, Dynavial Dynal beads (trademark) manufactured by Invitrogen and CliniMACS (trademark) manufactured by Miltenyi Biotech. , CD14 and / or CD28 expressing cells can be isolated and purified. As a medium for culturing the obtained cells, an XVivo15 medium or other serum-free medium suitable for the growth of blood cells such as lymphocytes can be used.
- a medium for culturing the obtained cells an XVivo15 medium or other serum-free medium suitable for the growth of blood cells such as lymphocytes can be used.
- This medium may be supplemented with human AB serum (0-15%) available from BioWhittaker et al. Or blood donated human serum albumin (0-10%) available from the Japanese Red Cross. Also included are interleukin 2 (0 to 10,000 IU / mL), interleukin 15 (0 to 100 ng / mL) and / or interleukin 21 (0 to 100 ng / mL) available from Peprotech and others. Non-limiting cell growth factors may be added.
- the growth stimulator may be Invitrogen or other CD3 / CD28 beads.
- the cells derived from the human hematopoietic stem cell of the present invention can undergo growth stimulation regardless of the HLA class I molecule-restricted epitope.
- the cells derived from the human hematopoietic stem cells of the present invention can be subjected to growth stimulation by HLA class I molecule-restricted epitopes.
- an oligopeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of CMTWNQMNL (SEQ ID NO: 1) (HLA-A * 2402-restricted WT1-derived peptide fragment)
- an oligopeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of ADVEFCSLL (SEQ ID NO: 2) or SADVEFCSLL (SEQ ID NO: 3) ( HLA-B * 4002 restricted tyrosinase-derived peptide fragment)
- oligopeptide consisting of amino acid sequences 81 to 110 of cancer antigen NY-ESO-1 (HLA-B * 3501 or HLA-C * 0304 restricted peptide fragment)
- Cancer-specific peptides such as EB virus, cytomegalovirus, AIDS virus and other viral proteins or peptide fragments thereof are known as HLA class I molecule-restricted epitopes.
- cells derived from the human hematopoietic stem cells of the present invention for example, cells expressing cell surface antigens CD3, CD14 and / or CD28 purified from leukocytes of umbilical cord blood in a medium to which such protein or peptide is added.
- Growth stimulation by HLA class I molecule restricted epitopes can be performed.
- Growth stimulation by HLA class I molecule-restricted epitopes can also be carried out by co-culture with cord blood-derived dendritic cells co-cultured with lysates of cancer cells or cells infected with viruses or other pathogens. However, it is not limited to these.
- Growth-stimulated cells may be cultured at 37 ° C. in the presence of 5-7% CO 2 .
- the cells may be seeded at a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL, the medium may be changed after 2 to 4 days, and seeded in a new medium at a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL.
- an apparatus such as WAVE Bioreactor 2/10 (trademark) manufactured by GE Healthcare may be used.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain any component that is pharmaceutically acceptable as a cell preparation for transplantation into the blood vessel of a patient, in addition to the cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention When transported in a cryopreserved state, it may contain a cryopreservation solution that can provide a sufficient amount of effective cytotoxic T cells as a cell preparation for transplantation upon thawing. .
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be transplanted after the patient's lymphocytes have been removed. This is because, like general adoptive immunotherapy (Adoptive Cell Transfer, ACT), a patient's lymphocytes are used for cytokines (interleukin 7, interleukin 15, etc.) necessary for cell proliferation contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention. In order to avoid competing with cells, and to avoid reducing the activity of cells contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention due to cell-cell interaction with patient lymphocytes.
- cytokines interleukin 7, interleukin 15, etc.
- Methods for removing patient lymphocytes include drug administration such as cyclophosphamide (eg, 60 mg / kg, 2 days), fludarabine (eg, 25 mg / m 2 , 5 days) and / or radiation (eg, 2 or 12 Gy) and interleukin 2 administration (7.2 ⁇ 10 5 IU / kg every 8 hours, 2 to 3 days), but is not limited thereto.
- drug administration such as cyclophosphamide (eg, 60 mg / kg, 2 days), fludarabine (eg, 25 mg / m 2 , 5 days) and / or radiation (eg, 2 or 12 Gy) and interleukin 2 administration (7.2 ⁇ 10 5 IU / kg every 8 hours, 2 to 3 days), but is not limited thereto.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises cytotoxic T cells specific for the HLA-A-restricted cancer antigen WT1 peptide of cord blood cells. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may attack cancer cells of a patient overexpressing WT1 when transplanted into a patient having at least one antigen of the same type as cord blood for the HLA-A locus. it can.
- cytotoxic T cells specific for other antigens can be amplified in vitro and that clinical effects can be obtained by transplanting such cytotoxic T cells into patients.
- Godet, Y. et al. (Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 58: 271-280 (2009)), cytotoxic T cells specific for HLA-B-restricted peptides derived from the melanoma-specific cancer antigen tyrosinase were obtained.
- CTLs specific for B-restricted epitopes, HLA-B-restricted epitopes of EB virus-related antigen BZLF1, etc. were transplanted into EB virus-related nasopharyngeal cancer patients to obtain clinical effects. Walter, E .; A. (N. Engl. J.
- CMV cytomegalovirus
- Bioley G. (Clin. Cancer Res. 15: 299-306 (2009)) are specific for HLA-B or HLA-C restricted peptides derived from the antigen from patients vaccinated with the cancer antigen NY-ESO-1. Cytotoxic T cells were obtained. Thus, cytotoxic T cells are specific not only for HLA-A restricted epitopes such as peptides derived from the WT1 protein, but also for HLA-B or HLA-C restricted epitopes. Also good.
- any one locus of human HLA class I molecules of cells derived from human hematopoietic stem cells contains at least one antigen whose cell compatible type matches that of the patient. Therefore, when a patient cell expresses a disease-related antigen, such as a cancer antigen or a pathogen-derived antigen, the disease-related antigen is presented to the cytotoxic T cells of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention together with human HLA class I molecules. . That is, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention recognizes the disease-related antigen in the context of the allele of the HLA class I molecular locus common to the patient and specifically attacks the patient's cells that express the disease-related antigen.
- a disease-related antigen such as a cancer antigen or a pathogen-derived antigen
- Disease-related antigens expressed by patient cells include, but are not limited to, WT1, tyrosinase, NY-ESO-1, CEA, NSE, PSA, gp100, MART-1 and MAGE-3, Examples include antigens that are (over-expressed) in cancer cells such as EB virus-related antigens such as EBER and LMP-1, cytomegalovirus-specific antigens such as CMVgp65, and AIDS virus-specific antigens such as HIV gp160. There are cases where the antigen is expressed in infected cells, such as a virus-specific antigen that is not limited. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used for cancer treatment or infectious disease treatment.
- CD14 positive cells and monocyte macrophages phagocytosed by beads were removed using a magnetic particle separator (MPC-1, Dynal).
- the remaining cells were resuspended in PBS and 25 ⁇ L Dynal TM immunomagnetic beads CD3 (Invitrogen) per 10 7 cells were added and stirred for 30 min or longer on ice or at 4 ° C.
- CD3-positive cells were separated using a magnetic particle separator (MPC-1, Dynal).
- the CD3 positive cells are suspended in XVivo15 medium supplemented with 5% human AB type serum at a concentration of 10 6 cells / mL, and recombined with Dynabeads CD3 / CD28 T cell expander (Invitrogen). Incubated with IL-2. Viable cell numbers were measured using trypan blue staining on days 4, 7, 9, 12 and 14 of culture. The cells were diluted with ExVivo15 medium supplemented with 5% human AB type serum containing recombinant IL-2 to a cell concentration of 10 6 cells / mL.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of examining the growth conditions of cord blood-derived CD3 positive cells.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 1 represents the multiplication factor with the total number of CD3 positive cells at the start of culture being 1, and the horizontal axis represents the number of days after the start of culture.
- CD3 / CD28 immunobeads used for stimulation were used at a rate of about 2 beads per cell. Regardless of the concentrations of recombinant IL-2 and human serum added to the medium, umbilical cord blood-derived CD3-positive cells grew at almost the same rate until day 9 of culture under any culture condition.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of the flow cytometry analysis.
- the vertical axis in the figure represents the fluorescence intensity of PE and represents the reaction with HLA-A * 2402WT1 (wild) CMTWNQMNL-tetramer
- the horizontal axis represents the fluorescence intensity of APC and represents the reaction with anti-CD8 antibody.
- CD8 positive cells ie, cytotoxic T cells among the amplified cord blood-derived CD3 positive cells
- WT1 which is a cancer antigen in the context of HLA-A * 2402 allele.
- the derived peptide was specifically recognized.
- WT1-specific cytotoxic T cells are known to react with lymphomas and other malignant cells that overexpress WT1, but do not attack normal cells that express only a relatively small amount of WT1 (Gao, L Et al., Blood, 95: 2198-2203 (2000), Oka, Y. et al., Curr. Op. In Immunol., 20: 211-220 (2008)).
- the WT1 peptide was not used for stimulation of proliferation of cytotoxic T cells, cytotoxic T cells specifically recognizing WT1-derived peptides were obtained. Since lymphocytes expressed in umbilical cord blood leukocytes include those that differentiate into dendritic cells, WT1 was presented as an antigen from dendritic cells to cytotoxic T cells under culture there is a possibility. In cord blood, there is a weak CD4 positive CD8 positive T cell population before undergoing thymic selection that is not present in adult peripheral blood, which is a cell population specific for cord blood.
- Dendritic cells are essential for antigen-specific activation (priming) of naive T cells, but in the case of self-proteins that are also expressed in normal cells such as WT1, juveniles already undergoing thymic selection Since CD4 positive CD8 positive self-reactive memory cells are present in umbilical cord blood, WT1-specific cytotoxic T cells may be amplified from these cell populations. In adults, these cell populations have already been removed as autoreactive clones at the stage of thymus selection and cannot be obtained by amplification of adult peripheral blood, and can only be adjusted from umbilical cord blood. The experiments of this example show for the first time in the world that this cell population can be adjusted only from umbilical cord blood.
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Abstract
Description
ヒト臍帯血試料は、母親のインフォームド・コンセント署名を得た後に採血され、理化学研究所バイオリソースセンター内の液体窒素システムで凍結保存された。採血方法はRubinstein,P.ら(Blood,81:1679-1690(1993))に説明され、凍結保存方法はRubinstein,P.ら(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92:10119-10122(1995))に説明される。
培地としてX-Vivo15(商標、TaKaRa Bio、滋賀)が使用された。一部の実験では最終濃度0ないし5%のヒトAB型血清(Lonza)が添加された。Peprotech(Rocky Hill,ニュージャージー州)製の組換えヒトインターロイキン-2(IL-2)が最終濃度0ないし1,500IU/mL添加された。
理化学研究所から入手した臍帯血25mLは37°Cの温水浴で解凍され、Ficoll-Paque(商標、GE Healthcare)上に重層され、室温にて1,500rpm、30分間遠心された。バフィーコートが回収され、PBS中に再浮遊された、得られた白血球はPBSでさらに3回洗浄された。その後、前記白血球懸濁液に細胞107個あたり25μLのDynal(商標)免疫磁気ビーズCD14(Invitrogen)が添加され、氷上又は4°Cで30分以上攪拌された。CD14陽性細胞と、ビーズを貪食した単球マクロファージとが磁気粒子分離器(MPC-1、Dynal)を用いて除去された。残りの細胞はPBS中に再浮遊され、細胞107個あたり25μLのDynal(商標)免疫磁気ビーズCD3(Invitrogen)が添加され、氷上又は4°Cで30分以上攪拌された。CD3陽性細胞が磁気粒子分離器(MPC-1、Dynal)を用いて分離された。
前記CD3陽性細胞は5%ヒトAB型血清を添加したXVivo15培地に106個/mLの濃度で浮遊され、Dynabeads CD3/CD28 T cell expander(Invitrogen)と、組換えIL-2とを添加して培養された。培養4、7、9、12及び14日目にトリパンブルー染色を用いて生細胞数が測定された。組換えIL-2を含む5%ヒトAB型血清を添加したExVivo15培地で、106個/mLの細胞濃度になるように希釈された。
図1に臍帯血由来CD3陽性細胞の増殖条件の検討結果を示す。図1の縦軸は培養開始時のCD3陽性細胞の総数を1とする増殖倍率を表し、横軸は培養開始後の日数を表す。刺激に用いるCD3/CD28免疫ビーズは細胞1個あたりビーズ約2個の割合で用いられた。培地に添加される組換えIL-2及びヒト血清の濃度とに関係なく、いずれの培養条件でも臍帯血由来CD3陽性細胞は培養9日目までほぼ同様の速度で増殖した。しかし、培養12日目になると、IL-2濃度が1,500IU/mLで、かつ、ヒト血清が5%の培養条件の細胞だけが増殖速度を維持し、他の培養条件の細胞は増殖速度の低下や細胞数の減少がみられた。培養14日目になると、IL-2濃度が1,500IU/mLの条件で培養された細胞のみが同じ速度で増殖した。以上に示したとおり、臍帯血由来の白血球から、CD3陽性のT細胞のみを精製し、これに分裂刺激を与えて選択的に増殖することが可能になった。
CD3/CD28免疫ビーズで刺激され、5%ヒトAB型血清及び1,500IU/mLのIL-2を添加したExVivo15培地で培養増幅された臍帯血由来CD3陽性細胞を培養14日目に回収して、APC標識抗ヒトCD8マウスモノクローナル抗体と、PE標識HLA-A*2402WT1(wild)CMTWNQMNL-テトラマーとで二重染色し、フロー・サイトメトリー解析を行った。
図2に前記フロー・サイトメトリー解析結果を示す。図の縦軸はPEの蛍光強度で、HLA-A*2402WT1(wild)CMTWNQMNL-テトラマーとの反応を表し、横軸はAPCの蛍光強度で、抗CD8抗体との反応を表す。図2に示すとおり、増幅された臍帯血由来CD3陽性細胞のうちCD8陽性細胞、すなわち、細胞傷害性T細胞の約11.6%は、HLA-A*2402アリルのコンテキストで癌抗原であるWT1由来ペプチドを特異的に認識した。WT1特異的な細胞傷害性T細胞は、リンパ腫その他のWT1を過剰発現する悪性細胞とは反応するが、WT1を比較的少量しか発現しない正常細胞を攻撃しないことが知られている(Gao,L.ら、Blood、95:2198-2203(2000)、Oka、Y.ら、Curr. Op. in Immunol.、20:211-220(2008))。
Claims (12)
- ヒト造血幹細胞由来の細胞を含む医薬品組成物であって、
前記細胞のヒトHLAクラスI分子のいずれか1つの遺伝子座は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致する抗原を少なくとも1個含むこと、及び
前記細胞のヒトHLAクラスI及びII分子の遺伝子座の抗原は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致しない抗原を少なくとも1個含み、かつ、前記造血幹細胞由来の細胞は前記患者の体内で、永続的生着も、重症度III又はIVの急性GVH病も起こさないことを特徴とする、医薬品組成物。 - 前記医薬品組成物は前記患者のリンパ球が除去された後に投与され、
該医薬品組成物は前記患者の体内で一過的に生着するが前記患者のリンパ球が再増殖するとともに消失することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の医薬品組成物。 - 前記細胞のヒトHLAクラスI分子のいずれか1つの遺伝子座はHLA-A、HLA-B及びHLA-Cからなるグループから選択され、前記細胞のヒトHLAクラスII分子の遺伝子座はDRB1であること、及び、
前記細胞のヒトHLAクラスI及びII分子の遺伝子座の抗原は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致しない抗原を少なくとも1個含み、かつ、前記造血幹細胞由来の細胞は前記患者の体内で、永続的生着も、重症度III又はIVの急性GVH病も起こさないことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬品組成物。 - 前記細胞のHLA-A、HLA-B及びDRB1の遺伝子座の抗原は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致しない抗原を5個ないし6個含み、かつ、前記造血幹細胞由来の細胞は前記患者の体内で、永続的生着も、重症度III又はIVの急性GVH病も起こさないことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の医薬品組成物。
- 前記ヒト造血幹細胞は臍帯血幹細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の医薬品組成物。
- 前記ヒト造血幹細胞由来の細胞は、ヒトHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープに特異的な細胞傷害性T細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の医薬品組成物。
- 癌治療用であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1つに記載の医薬品組成物。
- 感染症治療用であることを特徴とする、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1つに記載の医薬品組成物。
- 前記ヒトHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープに特異的な細胞傷害性T細胞は前記ヒトHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープによる刺激を受けることなく増幅されることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の医薬品組成物。
- 前記細胞のHLA-A遺伝子座は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致する抗原を少なくとも1個含むこと、及び、
前記細胞傷害性T細胞はウィルムス腫瘍原因遺伝子産物(WT1)に特異的であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の医薬品組成物。 - ヒト臍帯血由来の細胞傷害性T細胞を含む医薬品組成物であって、
前記細胞傷害性T細胞は、HLA-A、HLA-B及びHLA-Cのうちいずれか1種類の遺伝子座のHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープに特異的であること、
前記ヒトHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープに特異的な細胞傷害性T細胞は前記ヒトHLAクラスI分子拘束性エピトープによる刺激を受けることなく増幅されること、
前記細胞のいずれか1種類の遺伝子座のHLAクラスI分子は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致する抗原を少なくとも1個含むこと、及び、
前記細胞のHLA-A、HLA-B及びDRB1の遺伝子座は、前記細胞の適合型が患者の適合型と一致しない抗原を5個ないし6個含み、かつ、前記造血幹細胞由来の細胞は前記患者の体内で、永続的生着も、重症度III又はIVの急性GVH病も起こさないことを特徴とする、医薬品組成物。 - ヒト臍帯血をCD3/CD28免疫ビーズで刺激するステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の医薬品組成物の製造方法。
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| US12194083B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2025-01-14 | Hiroshi Kawamoto | Method for establishing pluripotent stem cells bearing genes encoding antigen specific T cell receptor |
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| JP2004002312A (ja) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-01-08 | Lymphotec:Kk | 腫瘍・感染症および自己免疫疾患の予防・治療用hla一致他人由来活性化リンパ球および該リンパ球を主成分とする製剤ならびに該製剤の製造方法、該製剤調製用キット |
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| WO2003106682A1 (ja) * | 2002-06-12 | 2003-12-24 | 中外製薬株式会社 | Hla−a24拘束性癌抗原ペプチド |
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| JP7413639B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 | 2024-01-16 | ポリバイオセプト ゲーエムベーハー | 能動的細胞免疫療法のためのサイトカイン組成物を用いたリンパ球の増殖 |
| US12194083B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2025-01-14 | Hiroshi Kawamoto | Method for establishing pluripotent stem cells bearing genes encoding antigen specific T cell receptor |
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