WO2011012759A1 - Purification system for treating waste water and tray used by said system - Google Patents
Purification system for treating waste water and tray used by said system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011012759A1 WO2011012759A1 PCT/ES2010/070522 ES2010070522W WO2011012759A1 WO 2011012759 A1 WO2011012759 A1 WO 2011012759A1 ES 2010070522 W ES2010070522 W ES 2010070522W WO 2011012759 A1 WO2011012759 A1 WO 2011012759A1
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- chambers
- cuvette
- water
- gravel
- flow
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1242—Small compact installations for use in homes, apartment blocks, hotels or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/006—Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
- C02F2301/028—Tortuous
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the purpose of the present invention patent application is to register a purification system that incorporates notable innovations and advantages over other systems and processes for wastewater treatment.
- the invention refers to a purification system for the treatment of wastewater in a dwelling, for example, of the type commonly known as single-family, or for individual use in a set of dwellings, recreation areas, sports facilities , as defined in claim 1, which is intended to simulate the natural operation of water purification and filtration to be reused, for example, in a sanitary water installation and a bucket used in said system, as defined in the claim 6.
- the present invention has been developed in order to provide a system that resolves the aforementioned drawbacks, also providing additional advantages that will be apparent from the description that follows.
- Each of the cameras includes in its base a layer of gravel of different texture and caliber.
- a second filtering stage the water flow passes through a second plurality of chambers arranged in parallel and interconnected with each other, so that the water flow makes, in a slightly inclined plane, a zig ⁇ zag path up to the exit of the bucket.
- the chambers of the second stage of filtering are provided with a layer of gravel of greater size and on its surface, some native macrophyte plants have been incorporated, whose roots incorporate oxygen to the bacterial flora, thus degrading the contaminants contained in the water flow residual
- wastewater or contaminated water can be purified without the production of biosolids, so the resulting water can be reused for different uses, which implies a saving in the consumption of drinking water.
- an impeller pump located in the duct located between the sedimentation tank and the bucket can be included, depending on the difference between the outlet of the sedimentation tank and the inlet port of said bucket.
- the chambers are separated by partitions and arranged linearly and interconnected with each other through a passage area located in each partition, which precedes a second plurality of chambers associated with an exit.
- the chambers are separated by partitions, with their respective steps arranged in such a way that a flow that circulates inside the chambers, makes a zig-zag route.
- the bottom of each of the cameras of the second plurality of cameras has an inclination, which can be in a range between 0.5 and 2 o . In this way, the slow circulation of the water to be treated is guaranteed, preventing "stagnant water pockets" from forming and that the flow of water passing through the cuvette freezes more easily in low temperature conditions.
- the first plurality of chambers is arranged in such a way with respect to the second plurality of chambers that the direction of a fluid flow in a plurality of chambers is perpendicular to the second plurality of chambers.
- the passage area in each of the partitions of the first plurality of chambers are arranged in the upper and lower part alternately.
- Figure 1. It is an elevation view of a scheme corresponding to a purification system according to the present invention for a dwelling;
- Figure 2. It is a perspective view of a cuvette for the treatment of wastewater according to the invention;
- Figure 3. It is a cross-sectional view of the cuvette shown in the previous figure.
- Figure 4.- It is a plan view of the bucket.
- a purification system for the treatment of wastewater according to the invention is based on the fact that the wastewater that comes from a water installation of a dwelling is conducted through a conduit 1 towards a bucket 2 located in an outside area of the house.
- the water flow passes through a first plurality of linearly arranged chambers where said water flow makes a substantially linear and ascending-descending path between adjacent chambers alternately, as indicated by arrows in Figure 3
- the cuvette in the example shown has dimensions of 4600 millimeters in length, 2300 millimeters in width and 600 millimeters in height, although such dimensions may vary.
- Each of the chambers of the first plurality of chambers includes at its base a layer of gravel that can have a height equivalent to the height of the bucket and in a second filtering stage the flow of water passes through a second plurality of chambers arranged in parallel and interconnected with each other in such a way that the flow of water makes, in a horizontal plane, a zig-zag path to the exit of the bucket, the chambers of the second filtering stage being provided with a layer of gravel G, equivalent to the height of the bucket and P plants, planted in said gravel layer along the entire length and width of the area defined by said second plurality of cameras.
- the type of plant used for suitable purification is macrophyte plants. Obviously, plants play an important role in the functioning of the system since they facilitate oxygen to the colonies of bacteria that are attached to gravels, the absorption of nutrients and the elimination of some contaminants, which are assimilated by the tissues of the plants.
- the gravel layer mentioned above is composed of a crushed ceramic material with a caliber of approximately 15-30 mm, granitic gravel of a caliber of 3-10 mm and activated carbon if the pollutant load of the water to be treated requires it.
- the gravel layer provided is preferably composed of a crushed ceramic material with a caliber of approximately 30-100 millimeters, cooked between 800 0 C and 900 0 C, with a higher porosity and greater absorption power of water (very favorable for the implantation of bacterial colonies).
- the purification system of the invention may include a sedimentation tank 3 located before the cuvette 2 and connected to the housing installation and cuvette 2 through ducts, where larger organic solids are retained, thus avoiding possible saturation of the system and odors (recommended for any water purification system residuals).
- a sedimentation tank 3 located before the cuvette 2 and connected to the housing installation and cuvette 2 through ducts, where larger organic solids are retained, thus avoiding possible saturation of the system and odors (recommended for any water purification system residuals).
- the wastewater flow will reach the inlet port of the cuvette 2 by gravity or, in the event that the wastewater outlet of the sedimentation reservoir 3 is less than the entrance of the cuvette 2, the flow of residual water will be propelled through an impeller pump (not shown), regulating at all times the inflow of the cuvette 2 through level probes to avoid its overflow
- the water performs an internal circuit through the bucket that requires a period (variable depending on the input flow) of residence, in contact with the gravel layer, the roots of the plants and the colonies of microorganisms that exist in said bucket 2
- a period variable depending on the input flow
- the water leaves with more than 85% of organic matter removed, being able to be discharged into the environment (following the legal parameters of the corresponding regulations), for irrigation or reuse through a circuit Hydraulic closed for housing installations that require the use of water, such as toilet tanks.
- the above-mentioned cuvette 2 comprises a body formed by a rectangular base 4 and four side walls 5 (of any appropriate material) that define an interior enclosure that has a first plurality of chambers 6 associated with an entrance 7.
- the chambers are separated by partitions 8 arranged linearly and interconnected with each other. through a passage zone located in each partition, and a second plurality of chambers 9, specifically three chambers, associated with an outward exit 10 in which the chambers are separated by partitions 11 with their respective passages, arranged in such so that a flow of water circulating inside the chambers makes a zig-zag route.
- the passage zone in each of the partitions of the first plurality of chambers 6 are arranged in the upper and lower part alternately (see Figure 3).
- the first plurality of chambers 6 and the second plurality of chambers 9 are separated by a separation wall 13.
- a perimeter flange 12 can be arranged along the upper part of the side walls 5. It should be mentioned that the bottom of each of the chambers of the second plurality of chambers 9 has a slight inclination, which can range between 0.5 and 2% slope, in the direction of flow (indicated by arrows) to facilitate the circulation of the water to be treated.
- the water table level in bucket 2 is self-regulating through the outlet that works by the simple system of communicating vessels. It is essential that the water table It is approximately 100 millimeters below the surface.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Sistema de depuración para el tratamiento de aguas residuales y una cubeta empleada para dicho sistema Purification system for wastewater treatment and a cuvette used for said system
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente solicitud de Patente de invención tiene por objeto el registro de un sistema de depuración que incorpora notables innovaciones y ventajas frente a otros sistemas y procesos para el tratamiento de aguas residuales. The purpose of the present invention patent application is to register a purification system that incorporates notable innovations and advantages over other systems and processes for wastewater treatment.
Más concretamente, la invención hace referencia a un sistema de depuración para el tratamiento de aguas residuales en una vivienda, por ejemplo, del tipo comúnmente conocidas como unifamiliar, o bien para su uso individual en un conjunto de viviendas, áreas de recreo, instalaciones deportivas, tal como se define en la reivindicación 1, que pretende simular el funcionamiento natural de depuración y filtración de agua para ser nuevamente reutilizada, por ejemplo, en una instalación de agua sanitaria y a una cubeta empleada en dicho sistema, tal como se define en la reivindicación 6. More specifically, the invention refers to a purification system for the treatment of wastewater in a dwelling, for example, of the type commonly known as single-family, or for individual use in a set of dwellings, recreation areas, sports facilities , as defined in claim 1, which is intended to simulate the natural operation of water purification and filtration to be reused, for example, in a sanitary water installation and a bucket used in said system, as defined in the claim 6.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hoy en dia es bien conocido el uso de instalaciones destinadas al tratamiento de aguas residuales mediante procesos fisico-quimicos con el fin de purificar aguas residuales procedentes del consumo doméstico a gran escala, tales como el tratamiento de poblaciones o áreas con un número destacable de habitantes. No obstante, debido a las dimensiones y medios empleados en este tipo de instalaciones su uso resulta inviable a un nivel doméstico o en pequeños núcleos aislados. Además, requiere de personal cualificado para su correcto funcionamiento y mantenimiento . Nowadays it is well known to use wastewater treatment facilities through physical-chemical processes in order to purify wastewater from large-scale domestic consumption, such as the treatment of populations or areas with a remarkable number of inhabitants . However, due to the dimensions and means used in this type of installation, its use is unfeasible to a domestic level or in small isolated cores. In addition, it requires qualified personnel for proper operation and maintenance.
Otro sistema para la depuración de aguas residuales empleado desde hace pocos años está basado en la funcionalidad de sistemas naturales que recrean un habitat húmedo a partir de la construcción de lagos artificiales, los cuales, se ha comprobado que tienen un buen rendimiento. Sin embargo, este otro sistema requiere del uso de maquinaria especializada, un terreno de grandes dimensiones, asi como autorizaciones y permisos especiales para llevar a cabo la ejecución de la obra para construir un lago artificial, por lo que resulta en la mayoría de ocasiones inadecuado para bajos caudales de agua residual. Another system for wastewater treatment used for a few years is based on the functionality of natural systems that recreate a humid habitat from the construction of artificial lakes, which have been proven to have good performance. However, this other system requires the use of specialized machinery, a large plot of land, as well as authorizations and special permits to carry out the execution of the work to build an artificial lake, so it is in most cases inappropriate for low wastewater flows.
Además, el solicitante no tiene conocimiento de la existencia de un sistema para el tratamiento de aguas mediante el uso de una cubeta que presente las características que se describen en esta memoria . In addition, the applicant is not aware of the existence of a system for water treatment through the use of a bucket that has the characteristics described herein.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ha desarrollado con el fin de proporcionar un sistema que resuelva los inconvenientes anteriormente mencionados, aportando, además, otras ventajas adicionales que serán evidentes a partir de la descripción que se acompaña a continuación. The present invention has been developed in order to provide a system that resolves the aforementioned drawbacks, also providing additional advantages that will be apparent from the description that follows.
Es por lo tanto un objeto de la presente invención proporcionar un sistema de depuración para el tratamiento de aguas residuales, caracterizado por el hecho de que el agua residual que procede de un depósito de sedimentación es conducida a una cubeta en el que, en una primera etapa de filtrado, el flujo de agua pasa a través de una primera pluralidad de cámaras dispuestas linealmente realizando dicho flujo de agua un recorrido sensiblemente lineal y a la vez, ascendente-descendente entre cámaras adyacentes de modo alternante. Cada una de las cámaras incluye en su base una capa de grava de diferente textura y calibre . It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a purification system for wastewater treatment, characterized by the fact that the wastewater that it proceeds from a sedimentation tank and is carried to a bucket in which, in a first filtering stage, the water flow passes through a first plurality of linearly arranged chambers, said water flow performing a substantially linear path and at the same time, ascending-descending between adjacent chambers alternately. Each of the cameras includes in its base a layer of gravel of different texture and caliber.
En una segunda etapa de filtrado el flujo de agua pasa a través de una segunda pluralidad de cámaras dispuestas en paralelo e interconectadas entre si, de tal modo que el flujo de agua realiza, en un plano ligeramente inclinado, un recorrido en zig¬ zag hasta la salida de la cubeta. Las cámaras de la segunda etapa de filtrado están provistas de una capa de grava de mayor tamaño y en su superficie, se han incorporado unas plantas macrófitas autóctonas, cuyas raices incorporan oxigeno a la flora bacteriana, degradando asi los contaminantes contenidos en el flujo de agua residual . In a second filtering stage the water flow passes through a second plurality of chambers arranged in parallel and interconnected with each other, so that the water flow makes, in a slightly inclined plane, a zig ¬ zag path up to the exit of the bucket. The chambers of the second stage of filtering are provided with a layer of gravel of greater size and on its surface, some native macrophyte plants have been incorporated, whose roots incorporate oxygen to the bacterial flora, thus degrading the contaminants contained in the water flow residual
El hecho de que sea una disposición en zig-zag, se debe fundamentalmente al hecho de que permite aumentar el tiempo de residencia del flujo de agua residual con el mínimo espacio. The fact that it is a zigzag arrangement, is mainly due to the fact that it allows to increase the residence time of the wastewater flow with the minimum space.
Se trata pues, de un sistema ecológico que depura el agua de una forma completamente natural, sin dispositivos mecánicos adicionales que requieran de un consumo eléctrico, de fácil instalación, fiable y con un elevado rendimiento que reproduce el procedimiento de depuración de agua empleado en ecosistemas naturales y a diferencia de los sistemas convencionales, resulta más económico debido a que su mantenimiento es mucho más simple y barato . It is therefore an ecological system that purifies water in a completely natural way, without additional mechanical devices that require an electrical consumption, easy installation, reliable and with a high performance that reproduces the water purification procedure used in ecosystems natural and unlike conventional systems, it is cheaper because its maintenance is much simpler and cheaper.
De esta manera, se pueden depurar aguas residuales o contaminadas sin la producción de residuos biosólidos, asi pues, las aguas resultante se podrán reutilizar para diferentes usos, lo que implica un ahorro en el consumo de agua potable. In this way, wastewater or contaminated water can be purified without the production of biosolids, so the resulting water can be reused for different uses, which implies a saving in the consumption of drinking water.
Adicionalmente, se puede incluir una bomba de impulsión ubicada en el conducto situado entre el depósito de sedimentación y la cubeta, dependiendo del desnivel existente entre la salida del depósito de sedimentación y la boca de entrada de dicha cubeta. Additionally, an impeller pump located in the duct located between the sedimentation tank and the bucket can be included, depending on the difference between the outlet of the sedimentation tank and the inlet port of said bucket.
Es otro objeto de la invención proporcionar una cubeta para el tratamiento de aguas residuales como que el que se ha descrito anteriormente que se caracterizada por comprender un cuerpo formado por una base, por ejemplo, de planta rectangular y paredes laterales que definen un recinto interior que presenta una primera pluralidad de cámaras asociada a una entrada de aguas residuales. Las cámaras están separadas por tabiques y dispuestas linealmente e interconectadas entre si a través de una zona de paso ubicada en cada tabique, que precede a una segunda pluralidad de cámaras asociada a una salida. Las cámaras están separadas por tabiques, con sus respectivos pasos dispuestos de tal manera que un flujo que circule por el interior de las cámaras, realiza un recorrido en zig-zag. Según otro aspecto de la invención, el fondo de cada una de las cámaras de la segunda pluralidad de cámaras presenta una inclinación, que puede estar comprendida en un rango entre 0.5 y 2o. De este modo, se garantiza la lenta circulación del agua a tratar, evitando que se formen "bolsas de agua estancada" y que el flujo de agua que pasa a través de la cubeta se congele con mayor facilidad en condiciones de bajas temperaturas. It is another object of the invention to provide a cuvette for the treatment of wastewater such as the one described above which is characterized by comprising a body formed by a base, for example, of rectangular plan and side walls that define an interior enclosure that It presents a first plurality of chambers associated with an inlet of wastewater. The chambers are separated by partitions and arranged linearly and interconnected with each other through a passage area located in each partition, which precedes a second plurality of chambers associated with an exit. The chambers are separated by partitions, with their respective steps arranged in such a way that a flow that circulates inside the chambers, makes a zig-zag route. According to another aspect of the invention, the bottom of each of the cameras of the second plurality of cameras has an inclination, which can be in a range between 0.5 and 2 o . In this way, the slow circulation of the water to be treated is guaranteed, preventing "stagnant water pockets" from forming and that the flow of water passing through the cuvette freezes more easily in low temperature conditions.
Preferentemente, la primera pluralidad de cámaras está dispuesta de tal manera con respecto a la segunda pluralidad de cámaras que la dirección de un flujo de fluido en una pluralidad de cámaras es perpendicular respecto a la segunda pluralidad de cámaras . Preferably, the first plurality of chambers is arranged in such a way with respect to the second plurality of chambers that the direction of a fluid flow in a plurality of chambers is perpendicular to the second plurality of chambers.
Según otra característica preferida de la cubeta, la zona de paso en cada uno de los tabiques de la primera pluralidad de cámaras están dispuestos en la parte superior e inferior de forma alternante . According to another preferred feature of the cuvette, the passage area in each of the partitions of the first plurality of chambers are arranged in the upper and lower part alternately.
Otras características y ventajas del sistema objeto de la presente invención, resultarán evidentes a partir de la descripción de una realización preferida, pero no exclusiva, que se ilustra a modo de ejemplo no limitativo en los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales: Other features and advantages of the system object of the present invention will be apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figura 1.- Es una vista en alzado de un esquema correspondiente a un sistema de depuración de acuerdo con la presente invención para una vivienda; Figura 2.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una cubeta para el tratamiento de aguas residuales según la invención; Figure 1.- It is an elevation view of a scheme corresponding to a purification system according to the present invention for a dwelling; Figure 2.- It is a perspective view of a cuvette for the treatment of wastewater according to the invention;
Figura 3.- Es una vista en sección transversal de la cubeta mostrada en la figura anterior; y Figure 3.- It is a cross-sectional view of the cuvette shown in the previous figure; Y
Figura 4.- Es una vista en planta de la cubeta. Figure 4.- It is a plan view of the bucket.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Tal como se muestra en las figuras, un sistema de depuración para el tratamiento de aguas residuales según la invención está basado en el hecho de que el agua residual que procede de una instalación de agua de una vivienda es conducida a través de un conducto 1 hacia una cubeta 2 ubicada en una zona exterior de la vivienda . As shown in the figures, a purification system for the treatment of wastewater according to the invention is based on the fact that the wastewater that comes from a water installation of a dwelling is conducted through a conduit 1 towards a bucket 2 located in an outside area of the house.
En una primera etapa de filtrado, el flujo de agua pasa a través de una primera pluralidad de cámaras dispuestas linealmente donde dicho flujo de agua realiza un recorrido sensiblemente lineal y ascendente-descendente entre cámaras adyacentes de modo alternante, tal como se indica mediante flechas en la figura 3. In a first filtering stage, the water flow passes through a first plurality of linearly arranged chambers where said water flow makes a substantially linear and ascending-descending path between adjacent chambers alternately, as indicated by arrows in Figure 3
La cubeta en el ejemplo representado tiene unas dimensiones de 4600 milímetros de longitud, 2300 milímetros de anchura y 600 milímetros de altura, si bien tales dimensiones pueden variar. The cuvette in the example shown has dimensions of 4600 millimeters in length, 2300 millimeters in width and 600 millimeters in height, although such dimensions may vary.
Cada una de las cámaras de la primera pluralidad de cámaras incluye en su base una capa de grava que puede tener una altura equivalente a la altura de la cubeta y en una segunda etapa de filtrado el flujo de agua pasa a través de una segunda pluralidad de cámaras dispuestas en paralelo e interconectadas entre si de tal modo que el flujo de agua realiza, en un plano horizontal, un recorrido en zig-zag hasta la salida de la cubeta, estando las cámaras de la segunda etapa de filtrado provistas de una capa de grava G, equivalente a la altura de la cubeta y plantas P, plantadas en dicha capa de grava a lo largo de toda la longitud y anchura de la zona definida por dicha segunda pluralidad de cámaras. Preferentemente, el tipo de planta empleada para una depuración idónea son las plantas macrófitas. Evidentemente, las plantas juegan un papel importante en el funcionamiento del sistema ya que facilitan el oxigeno a las colonias de bacterias que se hallan adheridas a las gravas, la absorción de nutrientes y la eliminación de algunos contaminantes, los cuales son asimilados por los tejidos de las plantas. Each of the chambers of the first plurality of chambers includes at its base a layer of gravel that can have a height equivalent to the height of the bucket and in a second filtering stage the flow of water passes through a second plurality of chambers arranged in parallel and interconnected with each other in such a way that the flow of water makes, in a horizontal plane, a zig-zag path to the exit of the bucket, the chambers of the second filtering stage being provided with a layer of gravel G, equivalent to the height of the bucket and P plants, planted in said gravel layer along the entire length and width of the area defined by said second plurality of cameras. Preferably, the type of plant used for suitable purification is macrophyte plants. Obviously, plants play an important role in the functioning of the system since they facilitate oxygen to the colonies of bacteria that are attached to gravels, the absorption of nutrients and the elimination of some contaminants, which are assimilated by the tissues of the plants.
En las cámaras de la primera pluralidad de cámaras 6, la capa de grava mencionadas con anterioridad está compuesta por un triturado de material cerámico con un calibre de 15-30 milímetros aproximadamente, grava granítica de un calibre de 3-10 milímetros y carbón activado si la carga contaminante del agua a tratar lo requiere . In the chambers of the first plurality of chambers 6, the gravel layer mentioned above is composed of a crushed ceramic material with a caliber of approximately 15-30 mm, granitic gravel of a caliber of 3-10 mm and activated carbon if the pollutant load of the water to be treated requires it.
En la segunda pluralidad de cámaras, la capa de grava provista está preferentemente compuesta por un triturado de material cerámico con un calibre de 30-100 milímetros aproximadamente, cocido entre 8000C y 9000C, con una mayor porosidad y mayor poder de absorción de agua (muy favorable para la implantación de las colonias bacterianas). In the second plurality of chambers, the gravel layer provided is preferably composed of a crushed ceramic material with a caliber of approximately 30-100 millimeters, cooked between 800 0 C and 900 0 C, with a higher porosity and greater absorption power of water (very favorable for the implantation of bacterial colonies).
Adicionalmente, el sistema de depuración de la invención puede incluir un depósito de sedimentación 3 ubicado antes de la cubeta 2 y conectado a la instalación de la vivienda y a la cubeta 2 por medio de unos conductos, donde se retienen los sólidos orgánicos de mayor tamaño, evitando asi una posible saturación del sistema y los malos olores (recomendable para cualquier sistema de depuración de aguas residuales) . Según la ubicación del depósito de sedimentación 3 con respecto a la cubeta 2, el flujo de agua residual llegará a la boca de entrada de la cubeta 2 por gravedad o bien, en el caso de que la salida de aguas residuales del depósito de sedimentación 3 es inferior a la entrada de la cubeta 2, el flujo de agua residual se impulsará a través de una bomba de impulsión (no representada) , regulando en todo momento el flujo de entrada de la cubeta 2 a través de sondas de nivel para evitar su desbordamiento . Additionally, the purification system of the invention may include a sedimentation tank 3 located before the cuvette 2 and connected to the housing installation and cuvette 2 through ducts, where larger organic solids are retained, thus avoiding possible saturation of the system and odors (recommended for any water purification system residuals). Depending on the location of the sedimentation tank 3 with respect to the cuvette 2, the wastewater flow will reach the inlet port of the cuvette 2 by gravity or, in the event that the wastewater outlet of the sedimentation reservoir 3 is less than the entrance of the cuvette 2, the flow of residual water will be propelled through an impeller pump (not shown), regulating at all times the inflow of the cuvette 2 through level probes to avoid its overflow
El agua realiza un circuito interno por la cubeta que obliga a un periodo (variable en función del caudal de entrada) de residencia, en contacto con la capa de grava, las raices de las plantas y las colonias de microorganismos que existen en dicha cubeta 2. Asi, después de unos dias, el agua sale con más de un 85% de materia orgánica eliminada, siendo apta para ser vertida al medio ambiente (siguiendo los parámetros legales de la normativa correspondiente) , para riego o reutilizarse por medio de un circuito hidráulico cerrado para instalaciones de la vivienda que requieran el uso de agua, como por ejemplo, las cisternas de los inodoros . The water performs an internal circuit through the bucket that requires a period (variable depending on the input flow) of residence, in contact with the gravel layer, the roots of the plants and the colonies of microorganisms that exist in said bucket 2 Thus, after a few days, the water leaves with more than 85% of organic matter removed, being able to be discharged into the environment (following the legal parameters of the corresponding regulations), for irrigation or reuse through a circuit Hydraulic closed for housing installations that require the use of water, such as toilet tanks.
Como puede verse con mayor claridad a partir de las figuras 2 a 4, la cubeta 2 anteriormente citada comprende un cuerpo formado por una base de planta rectangular 4 y cuatro paredes laterales 5 (de cualquier material apropiado) que definen un recinto interior que presenta una primera pluralidad de cámaras 6 asociada a una entrada 7. Las cámaras están separadas por tabiques 8 dispuestas linealmente e interconectadas entre si a través de una zona de paso ubicada en cada tabique, y una segunda pluralidad de cámaras 9, concretamente tres cámaras, asociada a una salida 10 hacia el exterior en el que las cámaras están separadas por tabiques 11 con sus respectivos pasos, dispuestos de tal manera que un flujo de agua que circule por el interior de las cámaras realiza un recorrido en zig-zag. As can be seen more clearly from Figures 2 to 4, the above-mentioned cuvette 2 comprises a body formed by a rectangular base 4 and four side walls 5 (of any appropriate material) that define an interior enclosure that has a first plurality of chambers 6 associated with an entrance 7. The chambers are separated by partitions 8 arranged linearly and interconnected with each other. through a passage zone located in each partition, and a second plurality of chambers 9, specifically three chambers, associated with an outward exit 10 in which the chambers are separated by partitions 11 with their respective passages, arranged in such so that a flow of water circulating inside the chambers makes a zig-zag route.
La zona de paso en cada uno de los tabiques de la primera pluralidad de cámaras 6 están dispuestos en la parte superior e inferior de forma alternante (véase la figura 3) . La primera pluralidad de cámaras 6 y la segunda pluralidad de cámaras 9 están separadas por una pared de separación 13. The passage zone in each of the partitions of the first plurality of chambers 6 are arranged in the upper and lower part alternately (see Figure 3). The first plurality of chambers 6 and the second plurality of chambers 9 are separated by a separation wall 13.
Para un correcto posicionamiento de la cubeta 2 en el suelo puede disponerse de un reborde perimetral 12 a lo largo de la parte superior de las paredes laterales 5. Cabe mencionar que el fondo de cada una de las cámaras de la segunda pluralidad de cámaras 9 presenta una ligera inclinación, que puede oscilar entre 0.5 y 2% de pendiente, en la dirección de flujo (indicado por flechas) para facilitar la circulación del agua a ser tratada. For a correct positioning of the cuvette 2 on the floor, a perimeter flange 12 can be arranged along the upper part of the side walls 5. It should be mentioned that the bottom of each of the chambers of the second plurality of chambers 9 has a slight inclination, which can range between 0.5 and 2% slope, in the direction of flow (indicated by arrows) to facilitate the circulation of the water to be treated.
En último lugar, mencionar que el nivel freático de la cubeta 2 se autorregula a través de la salida que funciona por el simple sistema de vasos comunicantes. Es esencial que el nivel freático se halle aproximadamente a unos 100 milímetros pro debajo de la superficie . Lastly, mention that the water table level in bucket 2 is self-regulating through the outlet that works by the simple system of communicating vessels. It is essential that the water table It is approximately 100 millimeters below the surface.
Los detalles, las formas, las dimensiones y demás elementos accesorios, así como los materiales empleados en la fabricación de la cubeta de la invención podrán ser convenientemente sustituidos por otros que sean técnicamente equivalentes y no se aparten de la esencialidad de la invención ni del ámbito definido por las reivindicaciones que se incluyen a continuación. The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the cuvette of the invention may be conveniently replaced by others that are technically equivalent and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or the scope defined by the claims included below.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200930524A ES2352632B1 (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | DEPURATION SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AND AN EMPLOYED BUCKET FOR SUCH SYSTEM. |
| ESP200930524 | 2009-07-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011012759A1 true WO2011012759A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
Family
ID=43528815
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2010/070522 Ceased WO2011012759A1 (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2010-07-28 | Purification system for treating waste water and tray used by said system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2352632B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011012759A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105712483A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-29 | 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 | Self-flowing sedimentation tank for wetland purification |
| US9884780B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-02-06 | Ton Duc Thang University | Wetland roof technology for treating domestic wastewater |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993006050A1 (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-01 | Space Biospheres Venture | Waste-water treatment system |
| EP0952121A1 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-10-27 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Process for purification of waste waters and contaminant spills based on the use of cultivated emergent macrophytes converted into floating cultures |
| WO2004087584A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-14 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | System and method for the treatment of wastewater using plants |
| FR2858610A1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-11 | Aaccee Sarl Vogt | Waste water treatment by biophotodigestion comprises series of tanks with supple membranes and plants providing alternating aerobic and anaerobic stages |
| WO2006030164A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-23 | Phytorestore | Treating pollutants by photoleaching |
-
2009
- 2009-07-28 ES ES200930524A patent/ES2352632B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-07-28 WO PCT/ES2010/070522 patent/WO2011012759A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993006050A1 (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-01 | Space Biospheres Venture | Waste-water treatment system |
| EP0952121A1 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-10-27 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Process for purification of waste waters and contaminant spills based on the use of cultivated emergent macrophytes converted into floating cultures |
| WO2004087584A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-14 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | System and method for the treatment of wastewater using plants |
| FR2858610A1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-11 | Aaccee Sarl Vogt | Waste water treatment by biophotodigestion comprises series of tanks with supple membranes and plants providing alternating aerobic and anaerobic stages |
| WO2006030164A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-23 | Phytorestore | Treating pollutants by photoleaching |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9884780B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-02-06 | Ton Duc Thang University | Wetland roof technology for treating domestic wastewater |
| CN105712483A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-06-29 | 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 | Self-flowing sedimentation tank for wetland purification |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2352632A8 (en) | 2011-10-03 |
| ES2352632A1 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
| ES2352632B1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
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