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WO2011097414A1 - Localisation dans un réseau cellulaire à répéteur - Google Patents

Localisation dans un réseau cellulaire à répéteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011097414A1
WO2011097414A1 PCT/US2011/023649 US2011023649W WO2011097414A1 WO 2011097414 A1 WO2011097414 A1 WO 2011097414A1 US 2011023649 W US2011023649 W US 2011023649W WO 2011097414 A1 WO2011097414 A1 WO 2011097414A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitter
delay
logic operative
round
receivers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2011/023649
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michiel Petrus Lotter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nextivity Inc
Original Assignee
Nextivity Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nextivity Inc filed Critical Nextivity Inc
Publication of WO2011097414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011097414A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0273—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2603—Arrangements for wireless physical layer control
    • H04B7/2606—Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/14—Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/047—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using dedicated repeater stations

Definitions

  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • Embodiments of a method for locating position of a communication device in a cellular network comprise finding location of a transmitter in the cellular network using a time-domain comparison of signals transmitted from the transmitter and received by at least three receivers; and compensating for delay imposed by presence of a repeater between the transmitter and a receiver of the at least three receivers.
  • FIGURES 1A and 1 B are schematic block diagrams illustrating time- domain techniques for locating a transmitter, respectively excluding and including a repeater;
  • FIGURE 2A through 2D are schematic flow diagrams depicting embodiments of a method 200 for locating position of a communication device in a cellular network
  • FIGURE 3 is a graph illustrating an example relationship of signal transmission delay to transmit signal power for purposes of exemplifying a technique for location-finding
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic flow chart showing a particular example embodiment of a technique for compensating for the presence of a repeater in a wireless system a time-domain approach to location- finding;
  • FIGURE 5 is an embodiment of a communication apparatus is shown comprising a communication controller configured to locate position of a communication device in a cellular network;
  • FIGURE 6 is a schematic block diagram showing an example embodiment of a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network capable of supporting the illustrative technique for locating position of a communication device in a cellular network.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • TDOA Time- Difference of Arrival
  • A-GPS Assisted-GPS
  • TOF Time-of-flight
  • TDOA Time-Difference-of-Arrival
  • Time-of-flight (TOF) measurements three or more receivers calculate the time lapsed from the transmission of the signal at the transmitter to the time the signal is received at each receiver. Knowing the time lapse information, the location of the transmitter can be calculated.
  • TOF Time-of-flight
  • Time-difference-of-ar val (TDOA) determinations are made by measuring the difference in the arrival times of a signal transmitted by the transmitter at three or more sites. These difference measurements are used to compute the location of the transmitter.
  • TDOA Time-difference-of-ar val
  • FIGURES 1A and 1 B schematic block diagrams illustrate time-domain techniques for locating a transmitter, respectively excluding and including a repeater.
  • the time domain techniques include the TOF and TDOA techniques
  • the entities determining either the absolute arrival times of signals or the time difference between signals arriving from the transmitter do not know whether they are receiving the signals directly from the transmitter or via a repeater that has a specific delay T r .
  • receivers 1 , 2 and 3 (Rx1 , Rx2 and Rx3) all receive signals from transmitter 1 (Tx1 ).
  • the delays are T d n , T d i2, T d i3, which uniquely define the position of Tx1 .
  • FIGURE 1 B considers the same scenario but assumes a repeater is positioned in the path between Rx3 and Tx1 .
  • the delay between Rx3 and Tx1 becomes Td13 (as the signal still needs to travel the same distance) + T r .
  • the signal appears to take T r seconds longer to travel from Tx1 to Rx3 which indicates that Tx1 is further away from Rx3 than is actually the case, leading to a mistake in determining the location of Tx1 .
  • FIGURE 2A through 2D schematic flow diagrams depict embodiments of a method 200 for locating position of a communication device in a cellular network.
  • the location of a transmitter in the cellular network is found 202 using a time-domain comparison of signals transmitted from the transmitter and received by at least three receivers.
  • An accurate position is located by compensating 202 for the delay imposed by presence of a repeater between the transmitter and a receiver of the at least three receivers.
  • positioning of the transmitter can be compensated 210 by defining 211 a relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level for a voice call and, upon receipt of a voice call 212, measuring 213 round-trip delay from a handset to a base station and transmit power level of the handset.
  • the method 210 further comprises determining 214 a point in the defined relationship for the measured round-trip delay and the measured transmit level, and determining 215 whether the point in the defined relationship is outside an expected relationship between delay and power level.
  • the method 210 further comprises assuming 217 a repeater with fixed delay in a signal transmission path, and subtracting 218 repeater delay from the measured round-trip delay to compensate for the delay.
  • the relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level for a voice call can be defined and manifest in graphically in a graph or plot. In this manner, the measured round-trip delay and the transmit level can be plotted on the defined graph.
  • the relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level can be defined based on actual measurements.
  • the round-trip delay from a handset to a base station and transmit power level of the handset can be measured in standard measurements performed at the base station.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • the location of a transmitter in the cellular network can be found 220 using time-of-flight measurements at three or more receivers by calculating 222 the time lapsed from transmission of a signal at the transmitter to time received at the three or more receivers;
  • the location of a transmitter in the cellular network can be found 230 using time-difference-of-ar val measurements at three or more receivers by measuring 232 a differential in arrival times of a signal transmitted by the transmitter and received at the three or more receivers; and determining 234 the location of the transmitter from differences in the arrival times.
  • CDMA and WCDMA networks deploy power control to adjust the transmit power levels of handsets to enable receiving the signals at the correct level.
  • the further away the transmitter (handset) is from a base station the stronger the transmit power level needs to be to ensure that the signal reaches the base station with adequate fidelity.
  • the further away the transmitter (handset) is from the base station the longer the delay in a signal reaching the base station after the signal has been transmitted.
  • a typical graph 300 of signal transmission delay vs. Tx signal power is shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the delay for transmission with no repeater is shown in line 302. If a repeater is introduced into the link, the delay is shown by a line 304 that is essentially shifted up by the repeater delay. In the example of a 5us delay, the delay shift is depicted by the line 304.
  • the graph 400 can be used to determine whether a repeater is or is not used in the link. If the Tx power level is small but the delay is large (such as a 6us delay with only -3dBm or Tx power), the signal is most probably being received via a repeater and the delay introduced by the repeater T r , can be subtracted from the arrival time of the signal to give an accurate estimation of the location of the transmitter.
  • FIGURE 4 a schematic flow chart shows a particular example embodiment of a technique for compensating the arrival time of a signal for the presence of a repeater in a wireless system a time-domain approach to location-finding.
  • the method 400 comprises defining 402 a graph (typically based on actual measurements) that relates Round-Trip-Delay to Tx power level for voice calls.
  • the round-trip-delay and Tx power level of the handset is measured 406.
  • the delay and power level are standard measurements that can be performed at a base station.
  • the measured delay vs. power level number is plotted 408 on the defined graph. If the point falls above the expected delay vs. power level 410, then the method 400 assumes 412 the signal transmission path includes a repeater with fixed delay T r .
  • the repeater delay is subtracted 414 from the measured round-trip- delay and used this compensated for number in any time domain location calculation.
  • the cellular industry continuously attempts to improve the indoor coverage of 3G and 4G systems to meet the rising customer expectation for better voice services and high data-rate service requirements.
  • many solutions such as Femtocells, 3G-router, and smart repeaters have been developed to address indoor coverage improvements.
  • One such device is a three-hop cellular booster (referred to hereinafter as "Cel-Fi") which is described in detail in patent applications no. WO2005025078 by Mohebbi, filed on 3 rd of September 2003 and WO2005069249 by Mohebbi filed on 12 of January 2004.
  • the Cel-Fi is an example of "smart repeater" for usage in a WCDMA system.
  • a communication apparatus comprising a communication controller configured to locate position of a communication device in a cellular network.
  • the illustrative communication apparatus can be configured as a smart repeater 500 can be a Cel-Fi, a 3-hop repeater with a middle hop (hop 2) operating in wireless mode in UNII band.
  • the middle hop (hop 2) can be over a wire-line such as CAT5, electricity or telephone lines.
  • the middle hop (hop 2) is an "autonomous" hop in that the waveform, bandwidth, and the signaling content is somewhat different from hop 1 that exists between Network unit 502 and Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 506, and hop 3 that exists between User unit 504 and the Mobile Station (MS) 508.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • the difference in signal characteristics can be due to modulation and/or the control channels that exist between the Network unit 502 and the User unit 504.
  • the waveform and bandwidth are changed to modulate the original signal such that the fading in the middle hop (hop 2) can be mitigated by the use of broadband modulation techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), so that the repeated signal is only subject to two fading hops (hops 1 and 3), or to enable transmission of the captured cellular waveform in a digital mode over wire-line and exchanging control messages.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
  • An additional hop that imposes yet another fading pattern (Rayleigh or Rician) on the original signal can degrade the end signal considerably and push the required fading margins on all three hops sufficiently high, to render the repeater ineffective.
  • the middle hop contains a bi-directional link including at least two channels, the "Control" (CCH) and "Traffic” (TCH) channels.
  • the smart repeater 500 can be used as a signal booster device operative to reduce network capacity for delivery of high-speed service.
  • the signal booster device can function in combination with a communication controller that is implemented, for example, by a service provider via the communication network, or in the network unit 502 or the user unit 504.
  • the communication controller can be configured to determine whether a subscriber is at a predetermined home location and whether the subscriber is using the signal booster device that conserves network resources.
  • the communication controller can further be configured to assign a maximum data rate according to the determined home location and use of the signal booster device.
  • the communication controller can be any control device such as a processor, central processing unit (CPU), computer, controller, control circuitry, and the like.
  • the communication controller can be configured to the locate position of a communication device 508 in a cellular network comprising logic operative to finding location of a transmitter in the cellular network using a time-domain comparison of signals transmitted from the transmitter and received by at least three receivers; and logic operative to compensate for delay imposed by presence of a repeater between the transmitter 508 and a receiver 506 of the at least three receivers.
  • the logic can be any entity with logic capability including a processor, a central processing unit (CPU), computer, controller, control circuitry, hardware, software, or other entity capable of performing the described operations.
  • a processor a central processing unit (CPU)
  • CPU central processing unit
  • controller control circuitry
  • hardware software, or other entity capable of performing the described operations.
  • the communication controller can further comprise logic operative to codify a relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level for voice calls, logic operative in response to receipt of a voice call for measuring round-trip delay from a handset to a base station and for measuring transmit power level of the handset, and logic operative to apply the measured round trip delay and the measured transmit level to the codified relationship to determine a condition for the received voice call.
  • the communication control can further comprise logic operative to determine whether the received voice call condition is outside an expected relationship between delay and power level, and, for a condition that the received call condition is outside the defined relationship, logic operative to assume presence of a repeater with fixed delay in a signal transmission path and logic operative to subtract repeater delay from the measured round-trip delay to compensate for the delay.
  • the relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level can be codified in a graph and the communication controller can comprise logic operative to define the relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level for a voice call in a graph, and logic operative to plot the measured round-trip delay and the transmit level on the defined graph.
  • Some embodiments of the communication controller can further comprise logic operative to define the relationship of round-trip delay to transmit power level based on actual measurements, and logic operative to measure round-trip delay from a handset to a base station and transmit power level of the handset in standard measurements performed at the base station.
  • the logic operative to find location of a transmitter in the cellular network using time-of-flight
  • measurements at three or more receivers can comprise logic operative to calculate time lapsed from transmission of a signal at the transmitter to time received at the three or more receivers, and logic operative to determine location of the transmitter from the time lapsed calculations.
  • the logic operative to find location of a transmitter in the cellular network using time-difference-of- arrival measurements at three or more receivers can comprise logic operative to measure a differential in arrival times of a signal transmitted by the transmitter and received at the three or more receivers, and logic operative to determine location of the transmitter from differences in the arrival times.
  • An example network 600 capable of location-finding functionality is shown in FIGURE 6 and includes Radio Network Controllers (RNC) 606 that connect to a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 608 through a node 610.
  • RNC Radio Network Controllers
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • the RNC 606 can communicate via networks such as Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 612, Internet Protocol (IP) 624, and other networks through functional blocks including Global System for Mobile Communications (GMSC), Media Gateway (MGW), Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN), Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Service GPRS support node (SGSN), and other blocks.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • GMSC Global System for Mobile Communications
  • MGW Gateway GPRS Support Node
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • Service GPRS support node SGSN
  • the illustrative network 600 may or may not be Home Zone enabled and include functional blocks, "Home-Zone Location Server” (HZLS) 602 and "Home-Zone Service Client” (HZSC) 604.
  • HZLS Home-Zone Location Server
  • HZSC Home-Zone Service Client
  • a task of HZLS 602 is establishment of the presence of a subscriber in the "Home-zone" which may be enabled using a new application element, based on an available services such as Short Message Service (SMS) supported by packet or circuit switched bearer services.
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • the new application element also verifies and monitors calls/sessions durations of a subscriber within in the subscriber's "Home-Zone".
  • the monitored information is then passed to HZSC 604, where a database exists for collecting the information supplied by HZLS 602 and uses the information for adjusting service level and generating appropriate billing information.
  • Coupled includes direct coupling and indirect coupling via another component, element, circuit, or module where, for indirect coupling, the intervening component, element, circuit, or module does not modify the information of a signal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level.
  • Inferred coupling for example where one element is coupled to another element by inference, includes direct and indirect coupling between two elements in the same manner as “coupled”.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de localisation d'un dispositif de communication dans un réseau cellulaire qui consiste à localiser un émetteur dans le réseau cellulaire à l'aide d'une comparaison, dans le domaine temporel, de signaux émis par l'émetteur et reçus par au moins trois récepteurs ; et compenser un retard imposé par la présence d'un répéteur entre l'émetteur et un récepteur des au moins trois récepteurs.
PCT/US2011/023649 2010-02-03 2011-02-03 Localisation dans un réseau cellulaire à répéteur Ceased WO2011097414A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30114810P 2010-02-03 2010-02-03
US61/301,148 2010-02-03

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WO2011097414A1 true WO2011097414A1 (fr) 2011-08-11

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013097756A1 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-04 华为终端有限公司 Procédé de localisation, dispositif sur le côté client et système de localisation
US9179285B1 (en) 2014-05-19 2015-11-03 Disney Enterprises, Inc. Reflection-based location detection
CN108363087A (zh) * 2018-04-10 2018-08-03 厦门信同信息技术有限公司 利用直放站的铁路定位系统及其定位方法
US10542519B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2020-01-21 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Terminal positioning method and network device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040219930A1 (en) * 2003-03-03 2004-11-04 Ie-Hong Lin Method and apparatus for performing position determination in a wireless communication network with repeaters
US7191385B2 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-03-13 Locus Location Systems, Llc Error correction in a locating method and system
US20070115174A1 (en) * 2005-07-06 2007-05-24 Herrick David L Direction finding and mapping in multipath environments
US20090310591A1 (en) * 2005-08-03 2009-12-17 Kamilo Feher VoIP multimode WLAN, Wi-Fi, GSM, EDGE, TDMA, spread spectrum, CDMA systems

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040219930A1 (en) * 2003-03-03 2004-11-04 Ie-Hong Lin Method and apparatus for performing position determination in a wireless communication network with repeaters
US7191385B2 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-03-13 Locus Location Systems, Llc Error correction in a locating method and system
US20070115174A1 (en) * 2005-07-06 2007-05-24 Herrick David L Direction finding and mapping in multipath environments
US20090310591A1 (en) * 2005-08-03 2009-12-17 Kamilo Feher VoIP multimode WLAN, Wi-Fi, GSM, EDGE, TDMA, spread spectrum, CDMA systems

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Title
BAKHSHI ET AL: "New Power Control Algorithm for Cellular CDMA Systems", JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND COMPUTING SCIENCE, vol. 4, no. 3, 2009, pages 205 - 210, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.worldacademicunion.comjournal/1746-7659JIC/jicvol4no3paper95.pdf> [retrieved on 20010501] *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013097756A1 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-04 华为终端有限公司 Procédé de localisation, dispositif sur le côté client et système de localisation
US9584972B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2017-02-28 Huawei Device Co., Ltd. Positioning method, client and positioning system
US9179285B1 (en) 2014-05-19 2015-11-03 Disney Enterprises, Inc. Reflection-based location detection
US10542519B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2020-01-21 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Terminal positioning method and network device
CN108363087A (zh) * 2018-04-10 2018-08-03 厦门信同信息技术有限公司 利用直放站的铁路定位系统及其定位方法
CN108363087B (zh) * 2018-04-10 2023-09-26 厦门信同信息技术有限公司 利用直放站的铁路定位系统及其定位方法

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