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WO2011087979A1 - Système de refroidissement à points multiples pour un concentrateur solaire - Google Patents

Système de refroidissement à points multiples pour un concentrateur solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011087979A1
WO2011087979A1 PCT/US2011/020654 US2011020654W WO2011087979A1 WO 2011087979 A1 WO2011087979 A1 WO 2011087979A1 US 2011020654 W US2011020654 W US 2011020654W WO 2011087979 A1 WO2011087979 A1 WO 2011087979A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber section
solar
solar energy
heat
solar concentrator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2011/020654
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Supratik Guha
Yves C. Martin
Robert L. Sandstrom
Theodore G. Van Kessel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to JP2012548987A priority Critical patent/JP5818813B2/ja
Priority to CN201180005849.2A priority patent/CN102714230B/zh
Priority to CA2786144A priority patent/CA2786144C/fr
Publication of WO2011087979A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011087979A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
    • H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
    • H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
    • H10F77/68—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling using gaseous or liquid coolants, e.g. air flow ventilation or water circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
    • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to solar concentrators, and more specifically, to a multi-point cooling system for a solar concentrator.
  • Solar power systems fall generally into two categories: fixed position flat panel systems, and tracking concentrator systems.
  • Fixed position flat panel systems employ one or more stationary panels that are arranged in an area having an unobstructed view of the sun. As the earth rotates, the sun's rays move over the stationary panel(s) with varying degrees of intensity depending upon geographic location, time of day and time of the year.
  • solar concentrator systems collect, and focus the sun's rays onto one or more solar cells.
  • Certain solar concentration systems employ tracking systems that follow the sun's path in order to enhance energy collection. Simply put, fixed position flat panel systems represent a passive solar collection system, while solar concentrator systems represent a more active energy collection system.
  • Solar concentrator systems utilizing photovoltaic cells typically operate at or below about 500 suns concentration. Operating at higher sun concentration levels creates cooling challenges. At present, solar concentrator cooling systems are large unwieldy systems and/or possess limited cooling capacity. Thus, one major constraint that limits solar concentrator system is the ability to adequately cool the photovoltaic cells.
  • a solar concentrator includes an optical member having a focal point.
  • the optical member is configured and disposed to direct incident solar radiation to the focal point.
  • a support member is positioned adjacent to the focal point of the optical member.
  • a solar energy collector is supported upon the support member.
  • the solar energy collector is positioned at the focal point of the optical member.
  • a base member is positioned in a spaced relationship from the support member.
  • the base member and the support member define a chamber section that is in a heat exchange relationship with the solar energy collector.
  • the chamber section is configured to absorb and dissipate heat from the solar energy collectors.
  • a method of cooling a solar concentrator includes absorbing heat from solar energy collectors into a chamber section.
  • the chamber section is arranged below, in a heat exchange relationship, the solar energy collectors.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a solar concentrator including a multipoint cooling system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a solar concentrator including a multipoint cooling system in accordance with another aspect of the exemplary embodiment.
  • a solar concentrator constructed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment is indicated generally at 2.
  • Solar concentrator 2 includes an optical member or lens 4 having a plurality of focal points 6-8.
  • a plurality of solar energy collectors 10- 12 are positioned at each of the respective focal points 6-8.
  • incident solar radiation passing through optical member 4 is guided to focal points 6-8 and, by extension, onto solar energy collectors 10-12.
  • the solar energy collectors 10-12 convert the solar energy into electrical energy.
  • solar energy collectors 10-12 take the form of triple-junction photovoltaic concentrator cells that operate at high solar concentrations, e.g., concentrations greater than 50 W/cm 2 (about 500 suns).
  • solar energy collectors 10-12 can operate at concentrations levels as high as 200 W/cm 2 (about 2000 suns) or more.
  • solar concentrator 2 requires a cooling system that will absorb and dissipate heat generate at solar energy collectors 10- 12 operating at such concentration levels.
  • solar concentrator 2 could include many more solar energy collectors without departing from the scope of the claims.
  • solar energy collectors 10-12 are mounted to a multi-point cooling system 14. More specifically, solar energy collectors 10- 12 are mounted to a support member 16 formed from a metal or ceramic material having a high heat dissipation co-efficient. In accordance with one aspect of an exemplary embodiment, support member 16 is formed from one or more of Aluminum Nitride (A1N), Aluminum Oxide (A1 2 0 3 ), Nickel and Copper. Solar energy collectors 10-12 are mounted to support member 16 via a corresponding plurality of thermal interface members 17- 19. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a layer of insulation is mounted to support member 16 about solar energy collectorsl O- 12. Electrical connections 23-25 extend from respective ones of solar energy collectors 10- 12 along insulation layer 20. Electrical connections 23-25 lead to an energy storage device (not shown).
  • multi-point cooling system 14 includes a base member 36.
  • Support member 16 is mounted to a base member 36 via a peripheral wall 40.
  • base member 36 is formed from a metal or ceramic material having a high heat diffusion co-efficient.
  • Base member 36 is spaced from support member 16 so as to define a chamber section 44.
  • chamber section 44 is filled with a vapor formed from, for example, water or ammonia, that enhances heat dissipation from solar energy collectors 10- 12.
  • Base member 36 is also coupled to support member 16 via a plurality of structural supports 47-50. Each structural support 47-50 is covered by a wicking material 52-55.
  • wicking material 52-55 is formed from sintered copper particles or from a material having machined grooves. Wicking material 52-55 enhances heat transferred from solar energy connector 10-12 into chamber section 44.
  • a plurality of nucleation membranes 59-61 is mounted to support member 16 within chamber section 44. Each nucleation membrane 59-61 is positioned adjacent a corresponding one of solar energy collectors 10-12.
  • nucleation membranes 59-61 are formed from sintered copper particles arranged in a body formed from copper or aluminum. With this arrangement, vapor travels in wicking material 52-55 and or nucleation membranes 59-61 . Heat from the vapor is dissipated through, for example, base member 36 forming a condensate that returns to chamber section 44.
  • solar concentrator 2 includes a plurality of cooling fins 66 mounted to base member 36. Cooling fins 66 transfer heat energy from chamber section 44 to be dissipated via air currents passing across base member 36. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, heat energy dissipation is further enhanced by a plurality of conduits 71 -74 extending through chamber section 44.
  • Conduits 71 -74 are configured and disposed to absorb heat energy from chamber section 44.
  • conduits 71 -74 are filled with a liquid that is circulated within chamber section 74. The liquid absorbs heat energy that is passed to, for example, a cooling medium after which the liquid is re-circulated back to chamber section 44.
  • solar concentrator 2 includes a finned cold plate 86 mounted to base member 36. More specifically, finned cold plate 86 includes a body 88 having a first substantially planner surface 90 and an opposing, second substantially planner surface 91 .
  • First substantially planner surface 90 is provided with a plurality of cooling fins 95 that dissipate heat energy in a manner similar to that described above.
  • Second substantially planner surface 91 is attached to base member 36 via a thermal interface member 98. Thermal interface member 98 enhances energy transfer from base plate 36 to finned cold plate 86.
  • cold plate 86 is formed from one of copper, aluminum or a high heat dissipation coefficient ceramic material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un concentrateur solaire comprenant un élément optique ayant un point focal. L'élément optique est configuré et disposé de manière à diriger un rayonnement solaire incident vers le point focal. Un élément de support est positionné adjacent au point focal de l'élément optique. Un collecteur d'énergie solaire est supporté par l'élément de support. Le collecteur d'énergie solaire est positionné au point focal de l'élément optique. Un élément de base est positionné espacé de l'élément de support. L'élément de base et l'élément de support définissent une section de chambre qui entretient une relation d'échange thermique avec le collecteur d'énergie solaire. La section de chambre est configurée pour absorber et dissiper de la chaleur des collecteurs d'énergie solaire.
PCT/US2011/020654 2010-01-13 2011-01-10 Système de refroidissement à points multiples pour un concentrateur solaire Ceased WO2011087979A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012548987A JP5818813B2 (ja) 2010-01-13 2011-01-10 太陽集光器のための多点冷却システム
CN201180005849.2A CN102714230B (zh) 2010-01-13 2011-01-10 用于太阳能聚光器的多点冷却系统
CA2786144A CA2786144C (fr) 2010-01-13 2011-01-10 Systeme de refroidissement a points multiples pour un concentrateur solaire

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/686,675 2010-01-13
US12/686,675 US9127859B2 (en) 2010-01-13 2010-01-13 Multi-point cooling system for a solar concentrator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011087979A1 true WO2011087979A1 (fr) 2011-07-21

Family

ID=44257546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2011/020654 Ceased WO2011087979A1 (fr) 2010-01-13 2011-01-10 Système de refroidissement à points multiples pour un concentrateur solaire

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US9127859B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP5818813B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102714230B (fr)
CA (1) CA2786144C (fr)
TW (1) TWI505488B (fr)
WO (1) WO2011087979A1 (fr)

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CN102662381B (zh) * 2012-05-27 2014-04-02 李万红 水冷式透镜群聚光光伏太阳能楼宇机构
JP6670989B2 (ja) * 2015-06-26 2020-03-25 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 太陽電池モジュール
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CN105978477A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 合肥中南光电有限公司 一种具有外冷却腔的聚光光伏结构
CN107276525B (zh) * 2017-06-23 2023-08-18 南京绿新能源研究院有限公司 一种太阳能集光器的点对点冷凝系统
CN112033200B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2021-08-13 山东大学 一种环路热管
CN112833564B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2023-06-16 山东大学 一种环路热管毛吸力的设计方法
CN110906569B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2021-08-17 山东大学 一种设置储液区的太阳能集热器
CN110617635B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2021-01-29 山东大学 一种提高毛细部件毛吸力的太阳能集热器

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US9127859B2 (en) 2015-09-08
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US20120318327A1 (en) 2012-12-20

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