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WO2011076444A1 - Dispositif et procédé permettant la fermentation, le compostage et la décomposition intensive de produits de traitement - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé permettant la fermentation, le compostage et la décomposition intensive de produits de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011076444A1
WO2011076444A1 PCT/EP2010/058742 EP2010058742W WO2011076444A1 WO 2011076444 A1 WO2011076444 A1 WO 2011076444A1 EP 2010058742 W EP2010058742 W EP 2010058742W WO 2011076444 A1 WO2011076444 A1 WO 2011076444A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
processed product
fermentation
product
biomass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/058742
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Werner
Swantje Mignon Schlederer
Karl Erwin Brand
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2011076444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011076444A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/95—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C12M27/06—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with horizontal or inclined stirrer shaft or axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/02—Percolation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/44—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of volume or liquid level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for fermenting and / or Nachrotten and / or intensive rotting and for the easy discharge of easily flowing, low-flowing or non-flowing or free-flowing processing products, in particular biomass.
  • processing product is understood primarily biomass, but other product types or industrial goods can be fermented.
  • Industrial goods may be slaughterhouse waste or other industrial waste that should be degassed or fumigated, e.g. for sterilization.
  • viscous products such as digested sludge could be processed.
  • Devices and methods for fermenting and / or rotting and / or intensive rotting of biomass are known per se. For example, they are used on a large scale in order to extract energy from the biomass, for example by fermenting the biomass (anaerobically) and / or in rotting so as to utilize the gas that forms as an energy carrier and / or damage to the climate (escaping gas during composting). Alternatively, such methods are used, for example, to fuel the biomass as such for further processing, such as briquettes, pellets, or the like. prepare.
  • the known methods work, in particular also in the gas production, especially in the so-called garage or batch process.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be fermented and / or composted.
  • Fermentation means that in the anaerobic state, e.g. Gas is recovered, in one or more process steps.
  • Composting means that in the aerobic state for the production of compost, the process steps are carried out pre-rotting, intensive rotting, Nachrotte.
  • the device according to the invention for fermenting and / or secondary and / or intensive rotting and discharging difficult-flowing bulk materials consists of a container for receiving the goods, the side walls, an upper device for supplying the biomass and a lower device with movable elements for discharge biomass, which affects the soil forms the or an intermediate bottom of the container, that extends at least substantially over the entire container cross-section.
  • the essential element of the device according to the invention is an at least partially movable floor or intermediate floor or a floor which has movable parts in one plane.
  • the sidewalls are substantially vertical, but may also be more or less inclined inwardly or outwardly to the container-between-floor.
  • the container bottom or container intermediate bottom is arranged substantially horizontally. This configuration aims to provide the largest possible container bottom or container intermediate floor, by the one hand, for example, gaseous media as broad as possible biomass can be supplied to their processing and by the other hand, the biomass for their further use or for disposal as possible on the whole Surface, about layers, in particular, can be discharged continuously.
  • the floor is not designed as a base plate, for example as a perforated plate, which indeed allows a gaseous medium or free-flowing or free-flowing biomass to pass through, but does not permit coarser material, such as stalk material or the like. through it, so that it has to be carried out differently, for instance to the side.
  • the container intermediate floor is formed from a large number of rotatable rollers engaging at least substantially the entire bottom surface.
  • the rolls are juxtaposed and designed so that, when the rolls are resting, the processing products resting on them do not fall down through their interstices, but the overlying mass falls as needed, for example when their (processing) condition makes it appear, optionally also continuously, by rotating the rollers or individual rollers on the entire bottom surface or in a part thereof downwards, through the roll bottom, can be discharged. So that both are reliably ensured, ie the nip is largely bridged at standstill and the rollers take the processed product safely for discharging, the rollers are further formed according to the invention with projections.
  • rollers have to be arranged and shaped in an individual case depends to a great extent on the type and consistency of the product to be processed in the container. Is about a relatively homogeneous good such as grain, granules or similar.
  • the projections can be made small if only the gap between the rollers is dimensioned such that the product remains on them when the rollers are stationary, but is discharged downwards as soon as the rollers rotate for this purpose.
  • rollers For processing and discharge of other products, such as limited or non-flowable material, such as grass, leaves and mixtures thereof, including crushed processing products, in contrast, more or less pronounced projections on the rollers will be necessary to move the material to be conveyed , in addition to crushing (to crumble, even to cut) so that it is taken down through the nips.
  • the projections can then be formed, for example, as thorns, strips and slats or even as a knife. They only have to be designed in each case so that the processing product which rests on them essentially remains lying on them at their standstill and does not fall through the gap between rolls or protrusions.
  • the projections, whether thorns or strips or lamellae, mesh with each other during rotation of the rollers so that they form a kind of labyrinth at rest, can fall through the very fine components of the good at best.
  • the lamellae or even knives can also be designed and controlled in such a way that the strips or lamellae of adjacent rolls abut against one another or rest against one another, so that they then form a more or less continuous surface of the roll base.
  • corresponding fittings or additional strips below the rollers can prevent trickling of fine product.
  • rollers and their projections can also be arranged so that the ventilation surface by wide slots makes a large-area flow through the materials possible.
  • the rollers themselves and / or the projections, such as the lamellae or knives, may have air passages for the gaseous medium.
  • An essential feature of the invention is the proper control of the rolls. It must first ensure that the rollers actually form a bearing surface at a standstill through which the material does not fall through, ie bring the rollers into an appropriate position. This is especially important if - as mentioned above - the last or lamellae at a standstill to form a continuous surface abutting or abut each other. This means that the controller must ensure a corresponding position of each roller.
  • the control of the rolls must at the same time ensure the proper discharge of the biomass or the product. In the simplest case, this means that the rollers, in order to enable a uniform layer-wise discharge over the entire floor surface, have to be able to be controlled in pairs so as to rotate in pairs.
  • a discharge can be displayed only in certain areas of the (intermediate) floor space.
  • the control must enable the continuous discharge of the biomass or of the product required for a continuous mode of operation.
  • the rollers must be able to be controlled individually or in individual groups or in total for all these cases.
  • the roll base can often be used in addition to supplementing the processing of the biomass or of the product itself.
  • the consistency of the material and its processing can be positively influenced by the unidirectional rotation of the rollers, clockwise or counterclockwise, or even pulsating in the direction change.
  • agglomerations / clumping of the material and any air channels / gas inclusions can be dissolved or seepage channels / percolate channels closed, ie no nester formation takes place and complete outgassing is ensured.
  • the material can be homogenized, whereby the uniform distribution is favored not only about about below zucuitder processing media such as hot air, but equally the distribution of in the biomass or in the product (from above or laterally) to be introduced fermentation and / or Rottekotnder substances.
  • This also requires a corresponding control of the rollers.
  • the roller discharge is air and liquid permeable. By special installations such as additional strips below the roll discharge, trickling through / flowing through of fine material can be prevented.
  • a device for removing the discharged material can be provided below the container bottom or the container intermediate bottom. It may consist of at least one conveyor, conveyor belt or at least one screw conveyor or any other conveyor.
  • An essential aspect of the device according to the invention is continuous operation.
  • this also includes their continuous entry into the container while maintaining a ner as constant as possible, but in any case over the container cross-section uniform dump height.
  • a corresponding distribution device such as one or more blowers, screw, filling and / or chain conveyor or a mechanically acting, preferably rotating distributor or screws ensure this.
  • sunken areas can be individually refilled through the rollers above and the product stock can be compensated, so that a permanently completely filled gasification area can be guaranteed with maximum use of space.
  • level gauges can monitor the uniform bulk level of the processed products and optionally correct the function of the distribution device.
  • gaseous medium may be mere fresh air, cooling or heating air, a drying or moistening medium or a fumigant.
  • a feeder is provided for its supply through the container bottom.
  • binders, substances, bacteria, liquids, even with microorganisms, the biomass or the product can be supplied, which favorably influence the fermentation process.
  • the feed can be from top / bottom or directly into the product stock, possibly even during filling.
  • dusty gas such as flue gas or gas mixtures
  • the overlying product layer acts as a constantly renewable filter (regenerative particle / dust filter, or as a flue gas filter with non-combustible filter products used).
  • corresponding sensors and / or measuring devices are provided in the container, in particular also in the region of the container-intermediate-bottom and in the region of the discharge. With them can be determined, for example, whether the required for a fermentation or a rotting working temperature is maintained (the device can be operated thermophilic or mesophilic) or the desired degree of drying or moisture of the material is reached.
  • the device has a device for re-feeding the discharged biomass or the product to the container. Because such a device for re-feeding serves primarily the purpose, not yet sufficiently exhausted or eradicated biomass once again to run through the plant, what it needs the determination of their condition.
  • the device for removing the discharged material then expediently works together with such a biomass recirculation device.
  • the container and / or other parts of the device or the entire device substantially or completely gas-tight.
  • the container / fermenter may be kept under pressure as a whole or in sections (e.g., 1 3) to assist the exit direction of the gas occurring within the fermenter up to the suction unit, to optimize the fermentation process, and to increase the gas yield.
  • the gas-tight design is especially for the upper device for supplying the biomass or the product into consideration, because otherwise ambient air through the Zu2020einrich- get into the container and there, for example, interfere with the fermentation or could distort the resulting gas.
  • the device to have gastight locks in the region of the feed and / or in the region of the discharge device.
  • gas-tight locks can be designed as a chamber or rotary valve or, for example, in the area of removal, as a gas-tight conveyor screw and can be evacuated, for example, for the removal of ambient air or harmful gases by means of negative pressure.
  • These devices for supplying fermentation and / or rotten everydaynder substances should be arranged in particular in the upper region of the container and / or already in the gas-tight lock the upper device for supplying the biomass or the product. They are according to the invention designed so that they continuously spray the continuously registered biomass or the product with fermentation and / or rotte mitnder or binding substances (percolate). This ensures the most even wetting of the biomass and thus a consistently uniform fermentation or rotting.
  • At least one device for collecting, collecting and discharging such accumulating substances is provided.
  • the biomass in the discharge for example by means of a screw press used for the removal, be pressed.
  • the process liquid and the residual gas can be anaerobically collected during the removal and reheated / cooled and / or returned / derived.
  • the recovered substances can then either be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner or, for example, when it comes to reusable fermentation and / or rotten ownednden substances are recycled by means of reprocessing, especially for cleaning and heating and / or refeeding to the processed products.
  • the reheating in the meantime can help to ensure that the working temperature desired during rotting or fermentation is maintained.
  • a separate device for cooling and / or for heating the biomass can additionally be provided for this purpose.
  • the heating of the biomass can serve, among other things, also to sanitize / sterilize the biomass.
  • a device for mixing the biomass or the product is provided. This then supports the mixing effects, which are already - as described - caused by an appropriate control of the rollers of the container bottom. It supports the uniform fermentation or rotting by loosening the biomass or the product and distributing the substances supporting the fermentation or rotting as evenly as possible in the biomass. Mixing of the biomass thus comes into play in the device according to the invention or in the method realized therewith, in particular in the region of the discharge device.
  • An essential device of the device according to the invention is a device for collecting, collecting and disposing of or for further utilization of the resulting in the fermentation and / or the post-rotting and / or intensive rotting gases. It will usually be necessary even if it is only about the prevention of the escape of accruing environmentally harmful or foul-smelling particles, so the environmental protection. However, it is functionally essential if the plant operation is currently used to extract such gases. Other devices can measure, for example, the gas quality and quantity, the temperature, the pressure in the container.
  • the container may be made of steel or concrete or other material. Different materials can also be used for the individual areas.
  • the container may be modular so constructed that it can be adapted in size to the needs in each case. This is especially true when the processing steps, such as the fermentation and the post- or intensive rotting are to be carried out successively in several different containers and about the individual steps require containers of different capacity. For reasons of space savings, for example, in such a case, several containers including one or more discharge systems can be installed one above the other and / or next to each other.
  • the containers or the device / devices Overall, can be isolated to save energy or designed as a heat exchanger so that the process heat can be used.
  • the containers and / or the container walls can be heated or cooled.
  • the rolls in the container serve not only for thorough mixing but also for optimizing the process, eg mixing the product before further percolate application, etc.
  • the product is less compacted and the gas discharge is increased, since the surface to be used for the microorganisms increase and the gas can more easily escape from the product stock.
  • the individual containers are arranged one above the other, only one filling and emptying device is required, since the product is removed from a container directly from below, mixed and loosened falls into the underlying container.
  • the invention further provides a process for fermenting and / or post-rotting and / or intensive rotting of processed products, in particular biomass, in which the biomass is continuously supplied to a device according to the invention from above, optionally enriched with a fermentation and / or rotten ownednden substance and after Passing through the container is discharged continuously downwards and removed from the device.
  • the method according to the invention can be configured in such a way that the processing product repeatedly passes through the device according to the invention for its fermentation and / or post-rotting and / or intensive rotting.
  • inventive devices can be supplied.
  • the individual device (s) including the fermentation discharge device (s) can be constructed successively in series or one above the other, so that the fermentation / fermentation (anaerobic) can take place in one or more stages in a continuous process.
  • the product can be transferred from an anaerobic (fermentation) to a targeted aerobic state (composting).
  • the biomass is (are) composted in the tank until the emission exit (gases) is completed or an environmentally friendly outdoor composting is possible. It is inventively provided that accumulating gases collected and used or environmentally harmless, especially disposed of while avoiding climate-damaging emissions and / or disturbing odors / used (electricity / heat).
  • the gas obtained is treated as an energy source and / or used directly for energy generation (power and / or heat generation).
  • the process heat of power generation can also be used to heat the fermentation and / or rotting tank / biomass / percolate. Otherwise, the recovered and / or treated gas is fed into specific gas lines or holding tanks or used for other processes.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that as heavy-flowing biomass, for example corn, grass, fresh cereals, or sunflowers, renewable raw materials NawaRo, in particular their stalks, optionally also as silage, woodchips, cattle manure and other organic residues, by-products and / or household and industrial wastes used singly or in mixtures.
  • heavy-flowing biomass for example corn, grass, fresh cereals, or sunflowers
  • renewable raw materials NawaRo in particular their stalks
  • silage, woodchips, cattle manure and other organic residues by-products and / or household and industrial wastes used singly or in mixtures.
  • a further field of application would be the use of the device according to the invention as a continuous / discontinuous regenerative filter in which biomass or industrial products clean dust- or particle-laden gases.
  • the applied material is discharged continuously or dis- continuously, the gas to be cleaned is sucked / blown through the product and thereby cleaned.
  • the focus here is on the cleaning of the gas and the product in the container is the filter.
  • aroma or dust filter dust laden air comes from below into the fermenter, in turn, is pressed through the filter medium, or sucked to filter dust from the air into the filter medium. Air with harmful or unpleasant odors is thus injected from below into the fermenter / container.
  • the air / gases (cold to hot) flow through a suitable filter medium (... clay balls, fibers, granules, woodchips, etc.).
  • the air / gases are discharged at the upper end, free from odors or emissions.
  • An additional cleaning effect in the filter product could be done by spraying liquid or powdery binders to wash the adhering odor from top to bottom.
  • the rollers in turn prevent bridges or grafts from forming; heavily loaded filter material can be discharged, processed and / or disposed of. Also fire-suppressing additives can be introduced. New filter medium is always applied fresh from above. This is how the particle / odor filter works without interruption (continuously).
  • Figure 1 the device according to the invention in its simplest embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with a device 10 for the removal of the discharged biomass
  • FIG. 3 shows the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with another device 10 for discharging discharged biomass, a gas-tight lock in the region of the feed 3 for the biomass and a device 13 for supplying a gaseous medium;
  • FIG. 4 shows the device according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 3 with further functionally important devices
  • FIGS. 5-8 show various configurations of the rollers 4a-f and their projections 6.
  • Figure 1 shows the device according to the invention in its simplest embodiment with container 1 with side walls 2, with an upper means 3 for supplying the biomass and a lower means 4 for discharging the biomass, as from rotatable, provided with projections 6 rollers 4 a - f formed container bottom 5 is formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 with a device 10 for removing the discharged material.
  • the device for removal is designed here as a conveyor belt 10 with / or screw conveyor, chute, push or scratching floor.
  • FIG. 3 shows the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 or 2 with container 1 with side walls 2 with a top device 3 for supplying the biomass, designed as a gas-tight lock 16, a lower device 4 for discharging the processing products, which are rotatable with projections 6 (FIG. Thorns, strips, lamellae 7 or knives 8) provided rollers 4 a - f formed container bottom 5 is formed, designed here as a screw conveyor 10 for conveying the discharged material, a device 13 for supplying a gaseous medium or a device 20th for cooling and / or heating the biomass and a device for collecting and removing liquids.
  • a screw conveyor 10 for conveying the discharged material
  • a device 13 for supplying a gaseous medium or a device 20th for cooling and / or heating the biomass
  • a device for collecting and removing liquids designed here as a screw conveyor 10 for conveying the discharged material, a device 13 for supplying a gaseous medium or a device 20th for cooling
  • FIG. 4 shows the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 or 2 with container 1 with side walls 2, with a container intermediate floor 5 formed from rotatable rollers 4 a-f and at the same time usable as a device 21 for mixing the biomass, in which the rollers 4 a - f with Projections 6 are provided, which are formed as thorns 7a, strips or slats 7b or knife 8, wherein the rollers 4a - f and / or the projections 6 have air passages 9.
  • the device has a device 10 designed here as a screw conveyor 10 for discharging the discharged product, a device 11, 21 for producing a uniform bed height and for mixing the biomass to be introduced, filling level sensors 12, a device 3 for supplying a gaseous medium and Measuring device 14 for determining the moisture content of the biomass in the container 1 in the vicinity of the container bottom 4 and in the region of the device 10 for conveying the discharged material on.
  • a device 10 designed here as a screw conveyor 10 for discharging the discharged product
  • a device 11, 21 for producing a uniform bed height and for mixing the biomass to be introduced
  • filling level sensors 12 a device 3 for supplying a gaseous medium
  • Measuring device 14 for determining the moisture content of the biomass in the container 1 in the vicinity of the container bottom 4 and in the region of the device 10 for conveying the discharged material on.
  • a device 23 for supplying fermentation and / or rotten everydaynder substances
  • means 18 for collecting and discharging liquids means 19 for recycling and refeeding the fermentation and / Rotteeaunden substances
  • means 20 for cooling and / or heating of the biomass
  • means 21 for mixing the biomass
  • a means 22 for collecting, collecting and disposing or for the discharge of gas for further utilization indicated.
  • Only indicated is the possible construction of the container of modules 23, which may be designed to be placed on each other in a ring shape.
  • the individual containers may vary in size and in the number of roll
  • the biomass in the tank can be controlled from the anaerobic to the aerobic area. This means that the biomass can be transferred from the product to be fermented, with the aim of gas production, with decreasing gas yields in a product to be composted, with the aim of composting.
  • the processed product is released as potting soil or as fertilizer / substrate.
  • the treatment process is stopped after the anaerobic process and the product can be processed to fuel (energy source) or disposed of.
  • FIGS. 5-8 show various configurations of the rollers 4 a-f and their projections 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows one of the rolls 4 a-f with slats 7b interrupted in sections or knives 8 with air passages 9 for the passage of the gaseous medium 14.
  • the slats 7b can be utilized if the apparatus at standstill has the largest possible storage area for the overlying processing products should form.
  • Knives 8 may be provided to allow simultaneous discharge through the floor, as appropriate for further use. is full - to make a crushing of the overlying mass.
  • the air outlets 9 are useful if the other passages between the rollers 4 a - f or between the slats 7 b or knives 8 do not offer enough clear surface for the passage of processing media such as drying air or liquids.
  • FIG. 6 shows one of the rollers 4a-f with continuous lamellae 7 or knives 8 with air passages 9 for the passage of a gaseous or liquid medium.
  • the design of the slats 7b as a continuous, in their longitudinal direction Uninterrupted may be useful when it comes to the processing of small-scale products, such as grains or granules, in which the rollers should form a closed surface as possible at a standstill.
  • the air and liquid passages 9 are particularly important for the passage of gaseous media.
  • the size of the perforation can vary accordingly.
  • FIG. 7 shows one of the rolls 4a-f with continuous lamellae 7 or knives 8 bent in the radial direction of the roll 4a-f. They allow, for example, a particularly gentle discharge of the biomass.
  • FIG. 8 shows one of the rollers 4a-f with spikes 7a distributed over their circumference as projections 6.
  • This configuration is particularly suitable for coarsely structured products such as stalk, polystyrene, foam, which suffice by such a structure-which in itself is quite permeable is held. It then has the advantage that it allows for the processing necessary gaseous media very well.
  • the fermenter or storage container is provided as a metal construction with a heat insulation located on the outer wall.
  • the container walls are double-walled and can also be heated / cooled.
  • a variable module construction system which can be adapted in size and shape to the wishes of the buyer is conceivable.
  • the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention have u.a. following advantages:
  • the system is mobile, ie it can be moved more easily or mounted in another location.
  • Impurities such as foils, woods, sand can be easily treated and discharged
  • the residence time is relatively short and the digestate can then be mechanically dewatered, dried with the excess heat of production and compacted into a storable fuel or fertilizer, thus reducing the investment costs even if no decay tunnels or Nachrottehallen must be built.
  • Flammability of combustible filter materials / products in hot gases can be prevented by additions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé permettant la fermentation à sec et/ou le compostage et/ou la décomposition intensive de produits de traitement s'écoulant facilement, s'écoulant difficilement ou bien ne s'écoulant pas du tout ou capables de s'écouler, en particulier de la biomasse. Le dispositif - éventuellement construit de manière étanche aux gaz - est constitué d'un récipient (1) pourvu de parois latérales (2), d'un système supérieur (3) - éventuellement construit sous la forme d'une écluse étanche aux gaz - pour l'acheminement du produit de traitement et d'un système inférieur (4) formant le fond (5) du récipient (1) pour l'évacuation du produit de transformation, qui est constitué d'éléments mobiles, par exemple d'une pluralité de rouleaux tournants (4a à f) pourvus de parties saillantes (6), qui forment le fond ou un faux-fond (5) du récipient (1).
PCT/EP2010/058742 2009-12-22 2010-06-21 Dispositif et procédé permettant la fermentation, le compostage et la décomposition intensive de produits de traitement Ceased WO2011076444A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009059971.1A DE102009059971B4 (de) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Vorrichtung zum Lagern, Bearbeiten und Austragen von schwer fliessenden Schüttgütern
DE102009059971.1 2009-12-22

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WO2011076444A1 true WO2011076444A1 (fr) 2011-06-30

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2554652A1 (fr) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-06 Enki Energy B.V. Bioréacteur anaérobie et procédé de conversion anaérobie d'une biomasse riche en lipides en biogaz
EP2465918B1 (fr) * 2010-12-18 2013-11-20 Gerhard Hoffmann Fermenteur sec de biomasse doté d'une alimentation et d'une extraction en continu
US20180148391A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-31 Greenscience Technologies Inc. Vermicast production through conversion of biodegradable organic matter

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CN106064747A (zh) * 2016-07-19 2016-11-02 无锡派乐科技有限公司 一种储料筒结构
DE102016121232A1 (de) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-09 Walter Geroldinger Verfahren für prozesse im schüttgut mittels durchströmenden gases
CN109229990A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2019-01-18 安徽森米诺农业科技有限公司 粮食加工设备的料斗

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JPS59152284A (ja) * 1983-02-14 1984-08-30 株式会社新潟鐵工所 多段式竪型発酵装置
JPS605089A (ja) * 1983-06-18 1985-01-11 株式会社新潟鐵工所 竪型発酵装置
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2465918B1 (fr) * 2010-12-18 2013-11-20 Gerhard Hoffmann Fermenteur sec de biomasse doté d'une alimentation et d'une extraction en continu
EP2554652A1 (fr) * 2011-08-01 2013-02-06 Enki Energy B.V. Bioréacteur anaérobie et procédé de conversion anaérobie d'une biomasse riche en lipides en biogaz
US20180148391A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-31 Greenscience Technologies Inc. Vermicast production through conversion of biodegradable organic matter
US12275678B2 (en) * 2016-11-30 2025-04-15 Greenscience Technologies Inc. Vermicast production through conversion of biodegradable organic matter

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