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WO2011075917A1 - 用于风力发电机的塔架 - Google Patents

用于风力发电机的塔架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011075917A1
WO2011075917A1 PCT/CN2009/076083 CN2009076083W WO2011075917A1 WO 2011075917 A1 WO2011075917 A1 WO 2011075917A1 CN 2009076083 W CN2009076083 W CN 2009076083W WO 2011075917 A1 WO2011075917 A1 WO 2011075917A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
power generator
wind power
generator according
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2009/076083
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜瑛卓
郜东河
安德玺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING KHANWIND TECH Ltd
Original Assignee
BEIJING KHANWIND TECH Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING KHANWIND TECH Ltd filed Critical BEIJING KHANWIND TECH Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2009/076083 priority Critical patent/WO2011075917A1/zh
Priority to CN200980162837.3A priority patent/CN102834607B/zh
Publication of WO2011075917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011075917A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6003—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6013—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/04—Composite, e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/16—Fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind power generator tower and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a novel composite wind power generator tower mainly composed of strip/plate materials and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Wind turbines are mainly composed of wind wheels, transmission machinery, generators, controllers, machine grabs, towers
  • the bottom diameter is slightly larger than the top diameter; the outer casing is made of steel or reinforced concrete to provide sufficient strength and rigidity; the outer wall of the tower is coated with anti-corrosive paint; the inside of the tower has a ladder or elevator leading to the top of the tower for easy inspection and maintenance.
  • the towers of megawatt wind turbines are usually over 60 meters, and some are up to hundreds of meters. For ease of transport, the tower can be manufactured in sections and assembled on site at the wind farm.
  • Modern composite products such as high-strength FRP, have better specific strength and specific modulus than steel in a single vector direction, so they can be used to reduce product weight under the same load on products with relatively concentrated forces. , which in turn reduces the difficulty of transportation and lifting.
  • composites generally have better corrosion resistance and do not corrode like metals due to high salt content in seawater.
  • the disadvantage of the tower made of composite materials is that the price is high and it is difficult to recycle after the service life is completed.
  • the wind turbine tower has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, low weight, easy transportation and installation, good corrosion resistance, and low cost and easy recycling of traditional towers.
  • the present invention relates to a tower for a wind power generator, characterized in that the tower has a total length of at least 1/3 of its length and at least one layer in its cross-sectional housing.
  • the material consists of a plurality of natural fiber materials pre-processed strip/plate fiber composite materials arranged in a shell in a certain order.
  • the present invention relates to a tower for a wind power generator, characterized in that the tower has a total length of at least 1/3 of its length, in a housing of its cross section, at least A layer of material consists of a plurality of pre-machined natural fiber strips/sheet materials arranged in a sequence in the housing.
  • the main structural materials while applying innovative structural design and materials to its main stress areas, to reduce costs and improve recyclability.
  • the "mainly stressed part” referred to in the preceding paragraph refers to the part of the tower that is not less than 1 / 3 of the total height of the tower, usually more than half, and the structure and materials will be used within the tower height range of about 60-90%. .
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the inner tube of the tower manufacturing process
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the winding process of the tower
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a vacuum infusion process for making a tower
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of the tower winding process
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart of vacuum casting process for tower fabrication
  • the present invention relates to a tower for a wind power generator, such a wind generator as shown in FIG.
  • the wind turbine blade 11 and the tower 12 of the wind power generator are shown in FIG.
  • the tower 12 is characterized in that the total length of the tower 12 is at least 1/3 of the length, as shown in Fig. 2, in the housing of its cross section, at least one layer of material consists of a plurality of pre-machined strips/plates. The materials are arranged in a housing in a certain order.
  • the material to be stressed is a fiber material, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, wood fiber, flax fiber, and the like.
  • the fiber material is formed into a cloth, and then the hand-paste or vacuum resin introduction technique is used to stabilize the fiber strength and shape the product.
  • Another common method is to use a winding process to directly form the fibers in a regular arrangement.
  • the present invention introduces a strip/plate composite material, which is generally elongated and has a rectangular cross section that is easily machined to enhance the strength of the same vector direction to withstand the main load on the tower.
  • the strip/plate material can be arranged side by side, and the contact surface is nearly perpendicular to the outer peripheral cut surface of the tower, so that the strip/plate material can share the load in the same direction, and become the strip/sheet layer 22 in the figure.
  • the other two layers of the tower structure are the FRP layers 21 and 23 in Figure 2.
  • the strip/plate material may have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section, and the short side extends in the outer circumferential direction of the tower, and the long side is perpendicular to the outer peripheral section of the tower.
  • This structure provides a certain wall thickness to the tower to improve strength and rigidity. At the same time, it ensures that the strip/plate material is closely arranged and the outer circumference is still close to a circular shape, which is convenient for processing.
  • An advantage of the invention is that at least a portion of the strip/sheet material is made of a composite material composed of hollow tubular fibers or made of a natural fiber material, thereby enabling the use of less material while maintaining the same structural strength. Lower product weight.
  • a strip/plate material is used as the main structural material at the main force receiving portion of the tower.
  • the strip/plate material itself is still a composite material, and environmentally friendly bamboo and wood materials can be given priority, by material selection, drying, Hot pressing, grinding and other processes are made into plywood, laminated timber or composite materials.
  • These bamboo and wood processing technologies have been widely used in various civil and industrial industries. High-strength bamboo composites or wood composites or bamboo-wood composites have higher specific strength and specific modulus than FRP, and the process is simple, and has good recyclability and recyclability. Therefore, it is a composite tower.
  • the preferred material for the rack is a composite tower.
  • a major feature of composite materials is the ability to withstand loads in all directions, which is especially suitable for products with concentrated loads in a vector direction, such as towers.
  • a vector direction such as towers.
  • at least part of the strip/plate material should be concentrated in the same direction or approximately the same direction, which is the length direction of the tower.
  • the fiber material in the strip/plate material of the present invention is mainly used for bearing the tower. Tensile and compressive loads of the shell. According to structural calculations and process tests, the content of bamboo fiber composites is reasonable in the range of 40%-90%, especially in the range of 50%-80%.
  • the processing of the tower housing can be carried out by a vacuum introduction resin process or a winding process.
  • the performance of bamboo and wood materials is unstable, but the selected and dried bamboo and wood materials can have stable mechanical properties.
  • the change of water content is the main reason why bamboo and wood materials are difficult to be used in outdoor industrial structural materials.
  • water-insulating resin materials such as epoxy resin to protect bamboo and wood materials, the tower can be guaranteed for 20 years. Stable mechanical properties in the above operating life. This has been well established in the wind turbine blade industry.
  • a layer of composite material is used as a protective layer, and is wrapped in a resin/rolling process by a vacuum in a resin or a winding process to coat the inner and outer layers of the strip/sheet material composed of the bamboo-wood composite material.
  • the inner and outer composite materials have been used to bear the shear load and water content protection.
  • the strip/plate material composed of the intermediate bamboo and wood composite material bears the tensile strength and the complementary composite structure tower housing.
  • the design of the tower also includes its internal ladder or elevator to facilitate technicians to access the tower top machine for internal inspection and maintenance. There is a small door at the bottom of the tower for personnel to enter and exit.
  • the outer surface of the tower is painted with paint, usually in the same color as the machine grab and the blades.
  • the manufacturing process is as follows:
  • the inner tube shown in Fig. 3 is manufactured according to the inner diameter of the tower (in Fig. 4, the inner tube is indicated by reference numeral 41), the material is made of steel, and other surface conditions are good. Rigid material;
  • the plate/strip and the metal connection for the inter-section connection are placed on the periphery of the wrapped FRP, and bonded with a resin to form a plate/strip as shown in FIG. Layer 43;
  • the S15 step is carried out by the S15 fully cured product, and the inner tube is removed and trimmed to the product shown in Fig. 2.
  • the inner tube shown in Fig. 3 is made according to the inner diameter of the tower.
  • the material is made of steel, and other rigid materials with good surface condition can also be used.
  • a novel composite wind turbine tower and method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention comprises a unique tower housing structure designed thereby and a special material used therein.
  • the tower part of the invention adopts a natural fiber strip/plate material, and the material has been tested and proved to have excellent tensile modulus, compressive modulus and strength, so that it has a weight relative to a conventional tower. Light and easy to transport, good anti-corrosion performance, easy to recycle and so on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

用于风力发电机的塔架
技术领域：
本发明涉及风力发电机塔架及其制造方法， 尤其涉及一种新型的以 条 /板状材料为主的复合材料风力发电机塔架及其制造方法。
背景技术：
风力发电机组主要由风轮、 传动机械、 发电机、 控制器、 机抢、 塔
底部直径略大于顶部直径； 外壳由钢板或钢筋混凝土构成， 提供足够的 强度和刚度； 塔架外壁涂有防腐漆； 塔架内部有爬梯或电梯通往塔顶机 舱， 便于检测和维修。 兆瓦级风力发电机组的塔架通常在 60米以上， 有 的高达上百米。 为便于运输， 塔架可分段制造， 在风电场现场组装。
随着风能技术的提高与对清洁能源需求的提高， 风力发电机组单机 功率不断加大， 塔架高度升高， 载荷强度加大， 塔架重量增大。 同时， 风力发电机组不仅可以在陆上装机， 越来越多的风电场逐渐扩展到海上。 机组功率的加大以及海上装机的要求使现有塔架产品出现了重量大、 运 输难、 吊装难、 防腐要求高、 价格高等问题。
现代复合材料产品， 如高强度玻璃钢， 在单一矢量方向上拥有比钢 材更好的比强度和比模量， 因此用于受力方向相对集中的产品上， 在同 样载荷的情况下可以降低产品重量， 继而降低运输和吊装难度。 同时， 复合材料通常具有更好的防腐性能， 不会像金属一样因为海水中的盐分 含量高而出现腐蚀。 但由于使用了化工产品作为原材料， 复合材料制造 的塔架缺点是价格较高， 使用寿命完成后难以回收。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种新型塔架设计， 通过在结构和材料上的变 革， 使得风力发电机的塔架同时具备复合材料的高强度、 高模量、 低重 量、 易于运输和装机、 防腐性能好等特点， 以及传统塔架的低成本、 易 回收等特点。
为了实现上述目的， 本发明涉及一种用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特 征在于， 该塔架在其总长度至少 1 / 3长度范围内， 在其横截面的壳体中， 至少有一层材料由多根天然纤维材料预先加工好的条 /板状纤维复合材 料按一定顺序排列在壳体中组成。
此外， 为了实现上述目的， 本发明涉及一种用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 该塔架在其总长度至少 1 / 3长度范围内， 在其横截面的壳 体中， 至少有一层材料由多根预先加工好的天然纤维条 /板状材料按一定 顺序排列于壳体中组成。
主要结构材料， 同时在其主要受力部位应用革新的结构设计和材料， 以 降低成本并提高可回收性。
上段所指 "主要受力部位" 是指塔架的不少于塔架总高度 1 / 3 的部 分， 通常会超过一半， 约为 60-90%的塔架高度范围内会使用该结构及材 料。
附图说明：
通过下文中的参照附图所进行的描述部分， 能够更好理解所有上述 特征， 其中所述附图示出了本发明的非限制性实施例， 所述附图为： 图 1为风力发电机的整体视图；
图 2为图 1的一个横截面 A剖视图；
图 3为塔架制作工艺内胎示意图；
图 4为塔架制作缠绕工艺示意图；
图 5为塔架制作真空灌注工艺示意图； 图 6为塔架制作缠绕工艺流程图；
图 7为塔架制作真空灌注工艺流程图
具体实施方式：
本发明涉及一种用于风力发电机的塔架， 此种风力发电机如图 1所 示。 图 1中示出风力发电机叶片 11和风力发电机的塔架 1 2。 该塔架 12的特 征在于， 该塔架 12总长度至少 1 / 3长度范围内， 如图 2所示在其横截面的 壳体中， 至少有一层材料由多根预先加工好的条 /板状材料按一定顺序排 列在壳体中组成。
传统复合材料产品中受力材料为纤维材料， 比如玻璃纤维、 碳纤维、 木纤维、 亚麻纤维等。 通过把纤维材料编制成布， 进而釆用手糊或真空 树脂导入技术稳定纤维强度并使产品成型。 另一种常用的办法是使用缠 绕工艺直接使纤维有规律的排列成型。 本发明引入条 /板状复合材料， 通 常为细长型， 横截面近似长方形， 便于加工， 用以加强同一矢量方向的 强度以承受塔架所受的主要载荷。
如图 2所示， 上述条 /板状材料可并排排列， 其接触面近乎垂直于塔 架外周切面， 因此条 /板状材料可共同承担同一方向的载荷， 成为图中的 条 /板材层 22。 塔架结构的另外两层为图 2中玻璃钢层 21和 23。
条 /板状材料横截面可为长方形或梯形， 其短边延塔架外周方向， 长 边垂直于塔架外周切面。 这种结构给塔架提供一定壁厚， 以提高强度和 刚度； 同时保证条 /板状材料紧密排列后外周仍接近圓形， 便于加工。
该发明的一个优点是至少部分条 /板状材料使用空心管状纤维所组 成的复合材料制成或由天然纤维材料制成， 因此在保障同样的结构强度 的前提下得以使用更少的材料， 获得更低的产品重量。
在塔架主要受力部位使用条 /板状材料作为主要结构材料。 条 /板状 材料本身仍为复合材料， 可优先考虑环保的竹木材料， 通过选材、 干燥、 热压、 打磨等工艺制成胶合板、 层积材或重组材。 这些竹木加工工艺已 经广泛应用于各民用产业和工业产业。 高强度的竹复合材或木复合材或 竹木复合材拥有比玻璃钢更高的比强度和比模量， 同时加工工艺简单， 更拥有良好的可回收性和可再生性， 因此是复合材料塔架的首选材料。
复合材料的一大特点是各方向的载荷承担能力不同， 这尤其适合在 某一矢量方向有集中载荷的产品， 如塔架。 为了保证塔架壁能够承受风 力发电机组作用在塔架上的载荷， 至少部分条 /板状材料中的纤维方向应 集中为同一方向或近似同一方向， 该方向即为塔架长度方向。 当风力发 电机组受风力导致塔架向背风方向倾斜时， 塔架迎风面壳体受拉力， 背 风面壳体受压力， 本发明中的条 /板状材料内纤维材料主要就是用于承担 塔架壳体的拉伸载荷和压缩载荷。 经结构计算及工艺试验获得， 竹木纤 维复合材料的含量在 40%-90%范围内是合理的， 尤其在 50%-80%范围内可 获得较优化的塔架产品。
竹木材料通常与常见的胶粘剂有良好的粘结性能， 因此易于与其它 复合材料复合。 可以釆用真空导入树脂的工艺或缠绕工艺进行塔架壳体 的加工。
竹木材料的性能具有不稳定性， 但经过选材和干燥的竹木材料则可 以具备稳定的力学性能。 含水率的变化是导致竹木材料难以用于户外工 业结构材的主要原因， 通过使用水绝缘性强的树脂材料， 如环氧树脂， 对竹木材料进行保护， 可以保证塔架在其 20年以上的运行寿命中具备稳 定的力学性能。 这在风力发电机叶片工业中已经得到充分证实。
出于保护竹木材料含水率的目的， 使用一层复合材料作为保护层， 通过真空倒入树脂工艺或缠绕工艺包裹于在由竹木复合材料构成的条 / 板状材料内层和外层。 内外层复合材料曾用于承担剪力载荷与含水率保 护， 中间竹木复合材料构成的条 /板状材料承担拉压强度， 形成互补性的 复合材料结构塔架壳体。 塔架的设计同时包括其内部的爬梯或电梯， 以方便技术人员通往塔 顶机抢内部进行检测和维修。 塔架底部开有小门， 供人员进出。 塔架外 表面涂有漆， 通常与机抢和叶片保持为同一颜色。
其制造工艺如下：
1. 缠绕法， 工艺流程如图 6所示：
1. 在 S11中， 按照塔架的内径尺寸制造图 3所示的内胎 （在图 4中， 该内胎以附图标记 41表示）， 材料釆用钢质材料， 也可釆用其他表面状态 良好的刚性材料；
I I. 在 S12中， 按照玻璃钢普通缠绕工艺， 在内胎外部按正确的纤维 方向缠绕一层玻璃钢材料， 形成如图 4中所示的玻璃钢层 42；
I I I. 在 S13中， 在缠绕好的玻璃钢外围铺放板 /条材以及节间连接用 的金属连接件， 并使用树脂将其粘接好， 形成如图 4中所示的板 /条材层 43;
IV. 在 S14中， 再次使用缠绕工艺， 在板 /条材外部缠绕一层玻璃钢 材料， 形成如图 4中所示的玻璃钢层 44 ;
V. 将经过 S15完全固化好的产品实施 S16的步骤脱出内胎胎具， 并修 整成为图 2所示的产品。
2. 真空灌注法， 工艺流程如图 7所示：
I. 在 S21中， 按照塔架的内径尺寸制造图 3所示的内胎， 材料釆用钢 质材料， 也可釆用其他表面状态良好的刚性材料；
I I. 在 S22中， 如图 5所示， 将玻璃纤维布 53 , 板 /条材 54以及另外一 层玻璃纤维布 55依次扎紧在内胎 52上；
I I I. 在 S23中， 如图 5所示， 连接进、 出胶管 51和 56;
IV. 在 S24中， 使用玻璃钢真空灌注成型法对这些材料进行真空灌注 成型；
V. 将经过 S25完全固化好的产品实施 S26的步骤脱出内胎胎具， 并修 整成为图 2所示的产品。
本发明所涉及的一种新型的复合材料风力发电机塔架及其制造方 法， 包含了因此而设计的独特的塔架壳体结构及其使用的特殊材料。 本 发明所涉及的塔架部分釆用了天然纤维条 /板状材料， 此种材料经试验证 明拉伸 /压缩弹性模量、 强度等性能优良， 从而使其相对于传统塔架来说 具有重量轻便于运输、 防腐性能好、 易于回收等特点。
尽管已经参考典型实施例说明了本发明， 但是应该理解， 本发明不 限于所公开的典型实施例。 所附权利要求书的范围符合最宽的解释， 以 包含所有这类修改以及等同结构和功能。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 该塔架在其总长度至 少 1 / 3 长度范围内， 在其横截面的壳体中， 至少有一层材料由多根预先 加工好的条 /板状材料按一定顺序排列在壳体中组成。
2.如权利要求 1 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 所述 预先加工好的条 /板状材料并排排列， 相邻条 /板状材料之间的接触面与 该层材料外表面切面近乎垂直。
3.如权利要求 1 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 至少 部分条 /板状物与塔架长度方向垂直的横截面是长方形或梯形， 并且至少 部分条 /板状材料的横截面短边沿塔架横截面外周方向， 和 /或至少部分 条 /板状材料其长方形横截面长边或梯形横截面斜边垂直于塔架外周方 向。
4.如权利要求 1-3 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 至 少部分预先加工好的条 /板状材料由复合材料构成。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 至少 部分预先加工好的条 /板状材料由空心管状纤维所组成的复合材料构成。
6. 如权利要求 1-3所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于至少 部分预先加工好的条 /板状材料由天然纤维材料构成。
7.—种用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 该塔架在其总长度至 少 1 / 3 长度范围内， 在其横截面的壳体中， 至少有一层材料由多根天然 纤维材料预先加工好的条 /板状纤维复合材料按一定顺序排列于壳体中 组成。
8.如权利要求 6或 7所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 纤维复合材料的主要纤维方向与塔架长度方向基本平行。
9.如权利要求 7-8 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 纤 维复合材料的纤维含量比例在 50%-90%。
10.如权利要求 9所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 纤维 复合材料的纤维含量比例在 60%-80%。
11.如权利要求 7-8所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 纤 维复合材料的竹木纤维含量比例在 40%-90%。
12.如权利要求 11 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 纤 维复合材料的竹木纤维含量比例在 50%-80%。
1 3.如权利要求 6或 7所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 天然纤维材料是层积材或重组材。
14.如权利要求 1 3 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 其 天然纤维材料是由天然纤维经固化的树脂加强构成。
15.如权利要求 1 3或 14所述的用于风力发电机的塔架，其特征在于， 至少部分复合材料层是由天然纤维条 /板状材料和纤维复合条 /板状材料 按一定顺序延外周壳体组成。
16.如权利要求 7-15 中任一项所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特 征在于， 该纤维复合材料层被至少一层外层纤维复合材料壳体层和至少 一层内层纤维复合材料壳体层所包围。
17. 如权利要求 16中任一项所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征 在于， 承担载荷的纤维材料存在于内层与外层壳体层中的任一之中或同 时存在于内外壳体层之中。
18.如上述任一项权利要求所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在 于， 其内部空间装有楼梯或电梯。
19.如权利要求 18 所述的用于风力发电机的塔架， 其特征在于， 该 塔架的底部开了一个门。
20.如上述权利要求 1-19 的任一项权利要求所述的用于风力发电机 的塔架， 其特征在于， 该塔架的上述至少 1 / 3部分的表面由漆覆盖。
PCT/CN2009/076083 2009-12-25 2009-12-25 用于风力发电机的塔架 Ceased WO2011075917A1 (zh)

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