WO2011052732A1 - オレフィン類の製造方法 - Google Patents
オレフィン類の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052732A1 WO2011052732A1 PCT/JP2010/069314 JP2010069314W WO2011052732A1 WO 2011052732 A1 WO2011052732 A1 WO 2011052732A1 JP 2010069314 W JP2010069314 W JP 2010069314W WO 2011052732 A1 WO2011052732 A1 WO 2011052732A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/04—Alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/82—Phosphates
- C07C2529/83—Aluminophosphates (APO compounds)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/22—Higher olefins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing olefins, and more particularly to a method for producing long-chain olefins by liquid phase dehydration reaction of a long-chain aliphatic primary alcohol.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing an olefin compound by dehydration reaction of a secondary alcohol in the gas phase at a reaction temperature of 300 to 400 ° C. in the presence of zirconium oxide.
- the gas phase reaction typified by the method described in Patent Document 1
- olefination under high-temperature conditions tends to cause both branching by alkyl rearrangement and olefin quantification, resulting in a problem of reduced product yield.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing an olefin compound by dehydration of a primary alcohol in a liquid phase using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as a dehydration catalyst.
- the homogeneous acid catalyst used in the liquid phase reaction typified by the method described in Patent Document 2 is generally corrosive, and there is a concern about elution of metal from the reactor.
- branching by alkyl rearrangement and olefin quantification are likely to occur simultaneously as in the reaction under the high temperature conditions described above, and the yield of the product is problematic.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method for producing diisopropyl ether in which isopropyl alcohol is reacted at 150 to 300 ° C. using a sulfonic acid group-containing ion exchange resin as a catalyst.
- the dehydration reaction of alcohol can occur in parallel with both intramolecular dehydration and intermolecular dehydration.
- the production of ether by intermolecular dehydration has priority, so that it is difficult to produce olefins efficiently.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a long-chain olefin with high yield and high selectivity by a liquid-phase dehydration reaction of a long-chain aliphatic primary alcohol.
- the liquid phase reaction refers to a reaction below the boiling point of the raw alcohol, that is, below the temperature at which the liquid phase exists.
- the present inventor conducted a liquid phase dehydration reaction of a long-chain aliphatic primary alcohol at a relatively low temperature of 280 ° C. or lower in the presence of a solid acid catalyst having a weak acid strength typified by alumina or aluminum phosphate.
- a solid acid catalyst having a weak acid strength typified by alumina or aluminum phosphate.
- the present invention is a method for producing olefins by liquid phase dehydration reaction of an aliphatic primary alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the presence of a solid acid catalyst.
- a method for producing olefins wherein the acid amount calculated from the ammonia desorption amount at a desorption temperature of 300 ° C. or lower is 70% or more of the total acid amount measured by the desorption method (NH 3 -TPD). To do.
- long chain olefins can be produced with high yield and high selectivity by liquid phase dehydration reaction of long chain aliphatic primary alcohols.
- a dehydration reaction is performed in a liquid phase at a relatively low temperature using a solid acid catalyst having a weak acid strength, energy consumption is small, and branching by alkyl rearrangement and olefin enormous increase are combined. Hateful.
- the alcohol used as a raw material in the present invention is an aliphatic primary alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Considering that the reaction temperature in the present invention is not higher than the boiling point of the raw alcohol, the carbon number of the raw alcohol is preferably 12-20, more preferably 14-20, and still more preferably 16-20. Specific examples of the raw material alcohol include 1-dodecanol, 1-tridecanol, 1-tetradecanol, 1-pentadecanol, 1-hexadecanol, 1-heptadecanol, 1-octadecanol, 1-nonadecanol, 1-eicosanol and the like. These raw material alcohols can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Solid acid catalyst used in the present invention has an acid amount calculated from an ammonia desorption amount at a desorption temperature of 300 ° C. or less out of the total acid amount measured by the ammonia temperature-programmed desorption method (NH 3 -TPD) (The weak acid amount is 70% or more, and the ratio of the weak acid amount is large and the catalyst has a low acid strength as a whole.
- NH 3 -TPD ammonia temperature-programmed desorption method
- the ammonia temperature-programmed desorption method is a method in which ammonia is adsorbed on a solid catalyst, and then the temperature is continuously increased by controlling the temperature at a constant rate of temperature to measure the amount of desorbed ammonia and the desorption temperature. is there.
- Ammonia adsorbed at weak acid points out of solid catalyst acid points desorbs at low temperatures
- ammonia adsorbed at strong acid points desorbs at high temperatures, so measure the acid amount and acid strength of the catalyst. be able to.
- the measurement by the ammonia temperature-programmed desorption method can be performed using, for example, a catalyst analyzer (trade name: fully automatic temperature-programmed desorption device TPD-1At, manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.).
- TPD ammonia temperature-programmed desorption
- a generally performed measuring method can be used. For example, after pre-processing, NH 3 adsorption processing, and vacuum processing are sequentially performed under the following conditions, TPD measurement is performed.
- Pretreatment heating at 20 minutes 200 ° C. in helium for 1 hour hold NH3 adsorption treatment: 50 ° C., suction vacuum treatment for 10 minutes NH 3 at 2.7 kPa: 50 ° C., 4 hours TPD measurement: helium gas 50ml Circulation at a speed of 5 min / min.
- the amount of weak acid is calculated from the ammonia desorption amount in the temperature range from the start of measurement to the desorption temperature of 300 ° C., and ammonia desorption in the temperature range until the desorption temperature exceeds 300 ° C. and all ammonia is desorbed.
- the amount of strong acid is calculated from the amount, and the total is defined as the total acid amount.
- the ratio of the weak acid amount to the total acid amount is calculated by the following formula.
- Ratio of weak acid amount (%) weak acid amount (mmol / g) / total acid amount (mmol / g) ⁇ 100
- the ratio of the weak acid amount in the solid acid catalyst is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, still more preferably 93% or more, and particularly preferably 95% or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 100%. The higher the ratio of the weak acid amount in the solid acid catalyst, the more the alkyl rearrangement and dimerization that occur at the strong acid point of the solid acid catalyst can be suppressed, and the yield of the desired olefins can be improved.
- the weak acid amount in the solid acid catalyst satisfies the above-mentioned ratio of the weak acid amount in the solid acid catalyst, and the absolute amount is preferably 0.01 mmol / g or more, more preferably 0.05 mmol / g or more, and 0.1 mmol / g. The above is more preferable.
- the solid acid catalyst that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the ratio of the weak acid amount is 70% or more, and preferred specific examples include alumina and aluminum phosphate.
- the amount of the solid acid catalyst to be used is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the reaction rate, it is preferably 0.1 to 200% by mass with respect to the raw material alcohol in the suspension bed reaction, preferably 0.5 to 100 More preferably, it is more preferably 1 to 50% by weight. Since the method of the present invention performs the reaction at a relatively low temperature, no side reaction is observed even when the amount of the catalyst used is increased, and the reaction time can be appropriately adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of the catalyst.
- the reaction in the method of the present invention is a dehydration condensation reaction of alcohol, and if the by-produced water stays in the system, the reaction rate may decrease. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the reaction rate, nitrogen is introduced into the reaction system under stirring, usually under a reduced pressure of about 0.03 to 0.09 MPa or at normal pressure, and the reaction is carried out while removing the generated water from the system. It is preferable.
- the reaction temperature is not higher than the boiling point of the raw alcohol, from 160 to 300 ° C, more preferably from 200 to 290 ° C, and more preferably from 240 to 280 ° C from the viewpoint of reaction rate and suppression of side reactions such as alkyl rearrangement and multimerization. Is more preferable.
- the alcohol conversion rate and the conversion rate of the ether as the reaction intermediate are each preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, and still more preferably 98%. It is preferable that the time is as described above. Such a reaction time may vary depending on the reaction temperature, the type of solid acid catalyst, the amount used, and the like, but in the suspension bed reaction, preferably about 0.1 to 20 hours, more preferably 0.5 to About 10 hours, more preferably about 1 to 5 hours.
- LHSV liquid space velocity
- LHSV liquid space velocity
- the alcohol conversion rate and the conversion rate of ether as a reaction intermediate usually reach 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, and the yield of olefins is usually 90% or more. Moreover, the production rates of the branched olefin and dimerization product contained in the olefins are usually 5% or less, respectively.
- an olefin having a purity of 95% or more can be obtained by distillation-purifying only the olefin from the reaction product obtained as described above.
- the olefins having a purity of 95% or more are useful as raw materials or intermediate raw materials for organic solvents, softeners, sizing agents and the like.
- Example 1 In a flask equipped with a stirrer, 1-octadecanol (trade name: Calcoal 8098, Kao Corporation, boiling point: 336 ° C.) 50.0 g (0.19 mol), ⁇ -alumina as a solid acid catalyst (STREM Chemicals, Inc.) 1.5g (3.0% by mass with respect to the raw material alcohol) was charged and nitrogen was circulated in the system at 280 ° C. with stirring (nitrogen flow rate: 50 mL / min) for 5 hours. Reaction was performed.
- 1-octadecanol trade name: Calcoal 8098, Kao Corporation, boiling point: 336 ° C.
- ⁇ -alumina as a solid acid catalyst STREM Chemicals, Inc.
- the ⁇ -alumina used as the solid acid catalyst was previously prepared by the ammonia thermal desorption method using a catalyst analyzer (trade name: fully automatic thermal desorption apparatus TPD-1At, manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.). When the ratio of the weak acid amount was measured under the measurement conditions, it was 92.5%.
- ⁇ Measurement conditions> Preprocessing
- NH 3 adsorption treatment Using pretreated ⁇ -alumina, NH 3 was adsorbed at 50 ° C. and 2.7 kPa for 10 minutes.
- the solution was diluted with hexane, then gas chromatograph analyzer (trade name: HP6890, manufactured by HEWLETT PACKARD), [column: Ultra ALLOY-1 capillary column 30.0 m ⁇ 250 ⁇ m (trade name, Frontier Laboratories, Inc.) Product), detector: hydrogen flame ion detector (FID), injection temperature: 300 ° C., detector temperature: 350 ° C., He flow rate: 4.6 mL / min], and the product was quantified.
- the alcohol conversion was 100%
- the ether production rate was 0.1%
- the yield of all olefins was 99.9%.
- the yield of branched olefins by rearrangement was 0%
- the yield of dimerized olefins was 1.6%
- the selectivity for linear monomer olefins (octadecene) was 98.3%. .
- Comparative Example 1 using a catalyst having a weak acid content of 67%, although the yield of all olefins was high, branching by alkyl rearrangement occurred, and the yield of branched olefins was as high as 59.1%. . Olefin dimerization has also occurred, and the selectivity of linear monomer olefin (octadecene) was as low as 35.9%.
- Comparative Example 2 in which the reaction temperature was lowered, branching due to alkyl rearrangement and dimerization of olefins could be suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1, but the ether production rate was as high as 23.9% and the yield of olefins was low. It was a thing.
- Example 6 the target linear monomer olefin could be produced with high yield and high selectivity.
- Example 2 by increasing the amount of catalyst compared to Example 1, the reaction rate could be improved without loss of yield due to side reactions.
- Example 3 to 5 it was found that olefination proceeded efficiently even when the reaction temperature was changed to 300, 260, and 240 ° C.
- Example 6 even if it changed to the catalyst whose ratio of weak acid amount is 96%, it turned out that olefination advances selectively and efficiently.
- long-chain olefins can be produced with high yield and high selectivity by liquid phase dehydration reaction of long-chain aliphatic primary alcohols. it can.
- olefins can be produced with high yield and high selectivity.
- the obtained olefins are useful as direct or intermediate raw materials in the fields of organic solvents, surfactants, fiber oils, softeners, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, lubricating oils and the like. More specifically, for example, it is used in the form of a cream, gel, lotion, solution, emulsion or the like as a component of hair cosmetics such as shampoo, rinse, treatment, conditioner, cosmetics for skin, shower bath. be able to.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、この特許文献1記載の方法に代表される気相反応では、原料を全て気化させる必要があり、特に高沸点のアルコールに関してはエネルギーの消費が大きく、コスト的にも不利であると言える。更に、高温条件でのオレフィン化は、アルキル転位による分岐化及びオレフィンの多量化を併発しやすく、生成物の収率低下が問題となる。
しかしながら、この特許文献2記載の方法に代表される液相反応において使用される均一系酸触媒は、一般的に腐食性があり、反応器からの金属分溶出が懸念される。また廃触媒の中和処理等、コスト的に不利な点がある。更に、強酸点を有する触媒を用いたオレフィン化では、前述の高温条件下における反応と同様、アルキル転位による分岐化及びオレフィンの多量化を併発しやすく、生成物の収率低下が問題となる。
ところが、低温条件でのアルコールの脱水反応では、一般的に、分子間脱水が優先してエーテルが生成することが知られている。例えば特許文献3では、スルホン酸基含有イオン交換樹脂を触媒として使用して、イソプロピルアルコールを150~300℃で反応させるジイソプロピルエーテルの製造方法が開示されている。
このように、アルコールの脱水反応は条件次第で分子内脱水及び分子間脱水の双方が並行して起こり得る。特に比較的低温でのアルコールの脱水反応では、分子間脱水によるエーテルの生成が優先することから、効率的なオレフィンの製造は困難とされている。
本発明において原料として用いられるアルコールは、炭素数12~24の脂肪族第一級アルコールである。本発明における反応温度が原料アルコールの沸点以下であることを考慮すると、原料アルコールの炭素数は、12~20が好ましく、14~20がより好ましく、16~20が更に好ましい。
原料アルコールの具体例としては、1-ドデカノール、1-トリデカノール、1-テトラデカノール、1-ペンタデカノール、1-ヘキサデカノール、1-ヘプタデカノール、1-オクタデカノール、1-ノナデカノール、1-エイコサノール等が挙げられる。
これらの原料アルコールは、単独で又は二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明に用いられる固体酸触媒は、アンモニア昇温脱離法(NH3-TPD)により測定された全酸量のうち、脱離温度300℃以下におけるアンモニア脱離量から算出された酸量(弱酸量)が70%以上のものであり、弱酸量の割合が多く全体として酸強度の低い触媒である。
TPD(アンモニア昇温脱離)の測定法としては、一般的に行われる測定法を用いることができる。例えば、以下のような条件で前処理、NH3吸着処理、真空処理を順に行った後、TPD測定を行う。
前処理:ヘリウム中200℃まで20分で昇温、1時間保持
NH3吸着処理:50℃、2.7kPaで10分間NH3を吸着
真空処理:50℃、4時間処理
TPD測定:ヘリウムガスを50ml/minで流通、昇温速度5℃/minで600℃まで昇温
弱酸量の割合(%)=弱酸量(mmol/g)/全酸量(mmol/g)×100
固体酸触媒における弱酸量の割合は、80%以上が好ましく、90%以上がより好ましく、93%以上が更に好ましく、95%以上が特に好ましい。上限は100%が好ましい。固体酸触媒における弱酸量の割合が高いほど、固体酸触媒の強酸点で起きるアルキル転位や二量化を抑制して、目的とするオレフィン類の収率を向上させることができる。
本発明の方法における反応はアルコールの脱水縮合反応であり、副生した水が系内に滞留すると反応速度が低下するおそれがある。したがって、反応速度向上の観点から、撹拌下、通常0.03~0.09MPa程度の減圧下又は常圧で反応系内に窒素を導入し、生成する水を系外に除去しながら反応を行うことが好ましい。
反応温度は、反応速度の観点及びアルキル転位や多量化等の副反応抑制の観点から、原料アルコールの沸点以下であり、160~300℃が好ましく、200~290℃がより好ましく、240~280℃が更に好ましい。
反応時間としては、目的とするオレフィン類の収率の観点から、アルコール転化率及び反応中間体であるエーテルの転化率がそれぞれ好ましくは95%以上、より好ましくは97%以上、更に好ましくは98%以上になるような時間であることが好ましい。そのような反応時間は、反応温度及び固体酸触媒の種類やその使用量等によって変動し得るが、懸濁床反応においては、好ましくは0.1~20時間程度、より好ましくは0.5~10時間程度、更に好ましくは1~5時間程度である。固定床反応においては、LHSV(液空間速度)0.1~5.0/hが好ましく、0.2~3.5/hがより好ましく、0.3~2.0/hが更に好ましい。
このように、本発明の方法では、原料アルコールから一度エーテルを経由してオレフィン類を生成しているため反応に若干の時間を要するが、酸強度の弱い固体酸触媒を用いて低温で反応させているため、アルキル転位による分岐化及びオレフィンの多量化を併発しにくいという利点がある。更に脱水反応を液相で行うことができるため、エネルギー消費量を少なく済ませることができる。しかも、触媒量を増加させても副反応の併発は見られないことから、反応時間の問題は触媒量の調整により回避可能である。
この純度95%以上のオレフィン類は、有機溶剤、柔軟剤、サイズ剤等の原料又は中間原料として有用である。
撹拌装置付きフラスコに、1-オクタデカノール(商品名:カルコール8098、花王株式会社製、沸点:336℃)50.0g(0.19モル)、固体酸触媒としてγ-アルミナ(STREM Chemicals,Inc.社製)1.5g(原料アルコールに対して3.0質量%)を仕込み、撹拌下、280℃にて窒素を系内に流通させながら(窒素流通量:50mL/min)、5時間、反応を行った。なお、固体酸触媒として用いたγ-アルミナについて、あらかじめ触媒分析装置(商品名:全自動昇温脱離装置TPD-1At、日本ベル株式会社製)を用いてアンモニア昇温脱離法により以下の測定条件で弱酸量の割合を測定したところ92.5%であった。
<測定条件>
(前処理)
TPD測定用セル内に0.10g精秤したγ-アルミナを、ヘリウム中200℃まで20分で昇温、1時間保持した。
(NH3吸着処理)
前処理したγ-アルミナを用いて、50℃、2.7kPaで10分間NH3を吸着させた。
(真空処理)
NH3吸着処理後のγ-アルミナを、50℃、10-6Paで4時間、TPD測定用セル内で真空処理して物理吸着しているアンモニアを脱離させた。
(TPD測定)
前記触媒分析装置に真空処理後のγ-アルミナを配置し、該装置内にヘリウムを50ml/minで流通させ、昇温速度5℃/minで600℃まで昇温した。酸点の量は、ZSM-5型ゼオライト(エクソンモービルカタリスト社製、商品名:JRC-Z5-25H)のhighピーク(観測される2種のピークのうち、高温側のピーク)を0.99mmol/gとしてこれに対する相対的な量として決定した。
その結果、アルコール転化率は100%、エーテル生成率は0.1%、全オレフィン類の収率は99.9%であった。オレフィン類のうち、転位による分岐オレフィンの収率は0%、二量化オレフィンの収率は1.6%であり、直鎖単量体オレフィン(オクタデセン)の選択率は98.3%であった。
アルコール転化率(%)=100-[残存アルコール量(モル)/原料アルコール仕込み量(モル)]×100
エーテル生成率(%)=[生成エーテル量(モル)×2/原料アルコール仕込み量(モル)]×100
オレフィン類の収率(%)=[(分岐オレフィン量(モル)+直鎖単量体オレフィン量(モル)+二量化オレフィン量(モル)×2)/原料アルコール仕込み量(モル)]×100
分岐オレフィンの収率(%)=[分岐オレフィン量(モル)/原料アルコール仕込み量(モル)]×100
二量化オレフィンの収率(%)=[二量化オレフィン量(モル)×2/原料アルコール仕込み量(モル)]×100
直鎖単量体オレフィン選択率(%)=[直鎖単量体オレフィン量(モル)/全オレフィン類量(モル)]×100
反応条件及び結果を表1にまとめて示す。
反応条件を表1に示すように変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして反応を行い、測定を行った。反応条件及び結果を表1及び2にまとめて示す。
反応温度を下げた比較例2では、比較例1に比べてアルキル転位による分岐化やオレフィンの二量化を抑制できたが、エーテル生成率が23.9%と高く、オレフィン類の収率は低いものであった。
また、弱酸量の割合が63%の触媒を用いた比較例3では、エーテル生成率が36.1%と高く、しかもアルキル転位による分岐化及びオレフィンの二量化も起きており、直鎖単量体オレフィンの選択率は32.9%と低いものであった。
したがって、比較例1~3では、副生成物が多く、目的とする直鎖単量体オレフィンを高収率かつ高選択的に製造することができなかった。
特に、実施例2では、実施例1よりも触媒量を増やすことで、副反応による収率の損失なく反応速度を向上できた。
また、実施例3~5では、反応温度を300、260、240℃と変更しても、オレフィン化が効率よく進行することがわかった。
また、実施例6では、弱酸量の割合が96%の触媒に変更しても、オレフィン化が選択性及び効率よく進行することがわかった。
以上の結果から明らかなように、本発明の方法によれば、長鎖脂肪族第一級アルコールの液相脱水反応にて、高収率かつ高選択的に長鎖オレフィン類を製造することができる。
Claims (5)
- 固体酸触媒の存在下、炭素数12~24の脂肪族第一級アルコールの液相脱水反応によりオレフィン類を製造する方法であって、前記固体酸触媒が、アンモニア昇温脱離法(NH3-TPD)により測定された全酸量のうち、脱離温度300℃以下におけるアンモニア脱離量から算出された酸量が70%以上である、オレフィン類の製造方法。
- 反応温度が160~300℃である、請求項1に記載のオレフィン類の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸触媒が、アルミナ又はリン酸アルミニウムである、請求項1又は2に記載のオレフィン類の製造方法。
- 前記脂肪族第一級アルコールの炭素数が16~20である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のオレフィン類の製造方法。
- 前記固体酸触媒の使用量が、前記脂肪族第一級アルコールに対して1~50質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のオレフィン類の製造方法。
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| PH1/2012/500831A PH12012500831A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-29 | Method for manufacturing olefins |
| ES10826862.4T ES2685072T3 (es) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-29 | Método para producir olefinas |
| EP10826862.4A EP2495227B1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2010-10-29 | Method for manufacturing olefins |
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| JP2012232944A (ja) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-29 | Kao Corp | α−オレフィンの製造方法 |
| JP2013203704A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Kao Corp | オレフィンの製造方法 |
| JP2013203705A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Kao Corp | オレフィンの製造方法 |
| WO2014112522A1 (ja) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-24 | 花王株式会社 | 内部オレフィンの製造方法 |
| WO2014175359A1 (ja) | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-30 | 花王株式会社 | オレフィンの製造方法 |
| WO2015098415A1 (ja) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-02 | 花王株式会社 | 内部オレフィンスルホン酸塩の製造方法 |
| WO2017209114A1 (ja) | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 花王株式会社 | 界面活性剤組成物 |
| US9968914B2 (en) | 2012-12-26 | 2018-05-15 | Kao Corporation | Method for producing olefin |
| WO2019053956A1 (ja) | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-21 | 花王株式会社 | オレフィンの製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| ES2685072T3 (es) | 2018-10-05 |
| EP2495227A4 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| JPWO2011052732A1 (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
| PH12012500831A1 (en) | 2012-11-26 |
| US9000248B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
| EP2495227A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
| MY156179A (en) | 2016-01-15 |
| CN102596858A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
| EP2495227B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
| US20120220808A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| CN102596858B (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
| JP5221773B2 (ja) | 2013-06-26 |
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