WO2011041965A1 - Method and device for constructing channel information quantization codebook of multi-antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for constructing the channel information quantization codebook of a multi-antenna system. According to the correlation characteristic of the channel and the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal, constructing channel code words whose ranks of channel matrix are 1 or 2 to form the channel information quantization codebook. The channel information quantization codebook includes channel code words whose ranks of channel matrix are matching with the dual polarization and are 1 or 2. Applying the invention, the quantization codebook satisfying the channel information feedback request of the dual polarization channel can be constructed and the well matched channel characteristic for the channel of the dual polarization antenna in the multi-antenna system can be obtained.

Description

 Method and device for constructing channel information quantization codebook in multi-antenna system

Technical field

 The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system.

Background technique

 In wireless communication, if multiple antennas are used by both the transmitting end and the receiving end, spatial multiplexing can be used to obtain a higher rate. Compared with the general spatial multiplexing method, an enhanced technology is: the receiving end feeds back the channel information of the transmitting end, and the transmitting end uses some transmitting precoding techniques according to the channel information obtained from the receiving end, thereby greatly improving the transmission performance. The simple method of using the channel feature vector information for precoding is mainly used in Single-Input Multiple-Out-put (MIMO), and there are other better but more complicated methods. Used in multi-user MIMO.

 At the transmitting end, we define the concept of layers. On the same time-frequency resource, each layer can transmit different data symbols, and the number of layers is equal to the rank of the channel matrix (Rank). If the complete channel information can be accurately known at the transmitting end, the obtained channel matrix information (CSI) information is used to perform linear or non-linear precoding on the layer data, so that the user receives the data when receiving the receiving end. The noise ratio is the largest, and the inter-layer interference and inter-user interference are minimal.

 If the CSI information can be accurately obtained, optimal precoding can be achieved. However, the channel information (CSI) can only be obtained directly and accurately at the receiving end, and the CSI needs to obtain the CSI information from the receiving end through the receiving end. An important question is how to effectively quantify the feedback CSI information. In the current mainstream standards, the feedback capacity provided by the system to CSI information is relatively limited, because the feedback amount of feedback on the entire channel information is very large. Therefore, the mainstream feedback methods are based on the quantification of codebooks.

The basic principle of channel information based channel information quantization feedback is as follows: Assuming that the limited feedback channel capacity is B bps/Hz, then the number of available codewords is w = ^2S , and the feature vector space of the channel matrix is quantized to form a codebook. Space 9 = , F ₂ ... }, the sender and receiver are saved together or generated in real time This codebook (same as the transceiver). For each channel implementation H, the receiving end selects a codeword that best matches the channel from the codebook space according to a certain criterion and feeds back the codeword sequence number i back to the transmitting end. The transmitting end finds the corresponding precoding codeword according to the codeword sequence number i to obtain channel information, which is mainly feature vector information of the channel.

 In general, 91 may be further divided into codebooks corresponding to multiple ranks, and each rank corresponding to multiple codewords to quantize the precoding matrix formed by the channel feature vectors under the rank. Since the number of ranks and non-zero feature vectors of the channel are equal, in general, the codeword with the rank N will have N columns. Therefore, we can divide the codebook 91 into multiple subcodebooks according to the Rank.

 In the case of fully accurate acquisition of channel information CSI, the performance of precoding according to CSI is the best. Due to the limitation of feedback overhead, we often use codebook based channel information to quantify feedback. Therefore, the most important part of the feedback method is the design of a codebook. In the actual communication system, the majority of the user's channel matrix ranks in Rank 1 and 2, and the Rank1 codebook and Rank2 codebook performance for channel information quantization feedback is transmitted to the entire system. It is very important. As shown in Table 1, the codebook is shown as a schematic structure divided by Rank.

 Table 1

 The existing codebook for channel information quantization feedback mainly considers the channel applied by the single-polarized antenna at the transmitting end. In this single-polarized antenna configuration, the channel is distinguished by correlation, and the strong correlation channel is used and independent. The code word of the channel feature.

(1) One direction of the existing codebook design is that some of the codewords consider completely independent and uncorrelated channels, ie each element in the channel (the channel between each pair of transceiver antennas is represented as a channel element in a channel matrix) ) are independent and irrelevant (iid), at this time Rank is "the codebook is not in the same The method of designing the channel codeword is as follows: Find multiple "columns of columns ("degenerate to vector when 1", so that the multiple matrices (ie subspaces) are evenly distributed in the whole space, the main means is to pass the Gera Grassmannian line compression or subspace compression method to find multiple codeword matrices in a uniform space.

(2) Another direction of the existing codebook design is a single-polarized array antenna scenario with smaller antenna spacing. The channel has strong correlation. At this time, the channel is not independent and irrelevant, and its feature vector shows a kind. For a fixed model, for example: 8 antenna, the eigenvector of the strongly correlated channel of the single-polarized antenna is [1 e ^e ... , which represents different phase values. This model has the same model as the column vector of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix. Therefore, the column of the DFT matrix is selected as the codeword of the relevant channel.

 Existing feedback devices and codebook construction ideas are applied in various mainstream standards, such as 3GPP LTE. However, the existing codebook design for channel information quantization feedback is mainly considered for the related situation and irrelevant situation of the single-polarized antenna channel, and the dual-polarized antenna has a wider application prospect in practical applications, and gradually Become a mainstream application, especially when the number of antennas is greater than or equal to 4, but some characteristics of dual-polarized channels are often very complex, such as dual-polarized correlated channels, showing strong correlation only in the same polarization direction. Sex, but there is no strong correlation between the polarization directions. The dual-polarized uncorrelated channels exhibit independent properties in the same polarization direction, and the relationship between the polarization directions is Not independent.

 At present, the existing codebook construction techniques are considered for the application scenario of a single-polarized antenna. In the above prior art, the codebook design method for the correlated channel and the uncorrelated channel for the single-polarized antenna cannot be dual-polarized. The channel characteristics of the antenna are well matched, and the performance exhibited in the dual-polarized channel is poor. Therefore, there is a need for a good technique and codebook construction scheme for channel information feedback for dual-polarized channels.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and a device for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system, which are used for constructing a quantized codebook that satisfies the channel information feedback requirement of a dual-polarized channel, in a multi-antenna system. Good matching channel characteristics are obtained for the channels of the dual-polarized antenna. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system, including:

 Constructing a channel codeword of rank 1 of the channel matrix and a channel codeword of rank 2 according to relevant characteristics of the channel, antenna polarization characteristics of the transmitting end and the receiving end, forming a channel information quantization codebook, and the channel information quantization codebook A channel codeword of rank 1 and a channel codeword of rank 2 of a channel matrix matched to the dual polarization for the correlation channel configuration are included. The correlation characteristic of the channel is an associated channel, and the step of constructing a channel codeword of rank 2 of the associated channel includes:

Selecting an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of related code words to be generated in the codebook, and M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

Constructing a codeword with a rank of 2 using ^M-dimensional vectors M -M^ is 0^=^^ U _n2 ], where

= c u, +d I 个 M维矢量 ^…！ ^中任意一个矢量。 所述秩为 2的码字 CV„ = [U_nl U_n2 ]包括: ^{= αΛ +} * ^Α , "Ac is a constant, w„ is the ^"

= cu, +d I M-dimensional vectors ^...! Any vector in ^. The codeword CV = [U _nl U _n2 ] of rank 2 includes:

CW„ =

Or (W„

所述信道的相关特性为相关信道， 发送端的天线极化特性为 极

The relevant characteristics of the channel are related channels, and the polarization characteristics of the antenna at the transmitting end are extreme

4, when the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is 1 antenna vertical polarization, the step of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the relevant channel includes: selecting an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is The number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end; and the codeword with rank 1 is constructed using ^M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as RW„ =

w_n为所述 ^个 M维矢量 M · · 中任意一个矢量 _t 所述信道的相关特性为相关信道， 发送端的天线极化特性为 -^/+^极

w _n is the correlation _{coefficient of} the channel of any one of the M-dimensional vectors M · · is the relevant channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is -^/+^

其中， ^"为码本中需要产生的相关码字 个数， Μ为发送端的发射天线数目的一半； 以及 利用 ^个 2Μ维矢量 M w._ff构造秩为 1的码字为 RW„4 4, when the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is 45-degree polarization of one antenna, the step of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the relevant channel includes: selecting a 2M-dimensional vector

Where ^" is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, Μ is half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end; and the codeword of rank 1 is constructed using ^2Μ-dimensional vectors M w. _ff

其中： w„为所述 ^个 2M维矢量 Μ · · 中任意一个矢量， μ_η , 为实数, 2Μ维的码字的前面 Μ个元素组成的矢量和后面 Μ个元素组成的矢量，相差 一个固定的相位^ e^i,p= , 前 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^„乘以一个常系数 /„, 后 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^乘以一个常系数/„。 所述秩为 1的码字 RW„ = , 在 ， ^等于 1时， 为 _n =

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2M-dimensional vector Μ · · , μ _η , is a real number, a vector consisting of two elements preceding the 2 Μ code word and a vector consisting of the following elements, one difference The fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , the vector consisting of the first element is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, the vector consisting of the last element is ^ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „. The codeword RW „ = of rank 1 is _n = when ^ is equal to 1.

上述的相关信道码字构造中， 所述任意一个矢量 符合以下特征:

In the above related channel codeword structure, any one of the vectors meets the following characteristics:

1€ =τχ\ d ... where τ is a complex constant and is a complex constant value, θ · · · θ _κ ~ i

 twenty two

Cloth, or - the uniform distribution _t ~

 3 3

The present invention also provides a method for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in another multi-antenna system, comprising: constructing a channel codeword with a rank of 1 of a channel matrix according to a correlation characteristic of a channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of a transmitting end and a receiving end; a channel codeword of rank 2, forming a channel information quantization codebook, wherein the channel information quantization codebook includes a rank of a channel matrix matched to the dual polarization for the uncorrelated channel structure a channel codeword of 1 and a channel codeword of rank 2,

 The correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is - / + pole

 In the case where the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is vertical polarization of a plurality of antennas, the steps of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 2 of the uncorrelated channel include:

Select an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of related code words to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; and constructing a codeword of rank 2 using the M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as Cf „

CW„ = , where: is any vector of the M-dimensional vectors Μ ·· w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w When the antenna polarization characteristic at the receiving end is vertical polarization of multiple antennas, the configuration is uncorrelated.

 4 4

The steps of the channel codeword with rank 2 of the track include: selecting 2 M M-dimensional vectors ^...! ^And! ^... 1⁄4^ , where AT is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; and constructing a codeword of rank 2 using the M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as C „

W _n W„

Cw„ = , where: and ^ are arbitrary vectors, the chord distances of w„ and ^ are greater than or equal to w„ -w at the threshold threshold, where the chord distance ^^^,^ is defined as and ^: between the two vectors Find the sine of the angle. The step of constructing a codeword of rank 2 by using the "M-dimensional vectors M - M^" further includes: obtaining the arbitrary vectors _w „ and ^, the steps of obtaining the arbitrary vectors _w „ and ^ include:

 Storing or real-time computing obtains a plurality of vector sets Ω of M dimensions, and the chord distances of any two code words of the vector set Ω are greater than or equal to the threshold threshold; the vector is obtained by using the method of Grassmannian theory The set Ω is line-compressed; any two different vectors are taken as the sum ^ from the compressed vector set Ω.

The steps of arbitrarily selecting w„ and ^ from the compressed vector set Ω include: arbitrarily selecting M^ from the compressed vector set Ω, for any i and j, or alternatively, from the compressed vector set Ω If Ω is arbitrarily selected, if Ω is a codebook with a M antenna non-dual-polarized channel rank of 1 in a multi-antenna system, _Wj = _Wj or ^ = ^ for any i and j, but not equal at the same time.

The present invention also provides a device for constructing a channel information quantization codebook of a multi-antenna system, comprising: a codeword construction module, which is configured to: construct a channel matrix according to a correlation characteristic of a channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of a transmitting end and a receiving end a channel codeword of rank 1 and a channel codeword of rank 2 form a channel information quantization codebook, and the channel information quantization codebook includes a channel codeword of rank 1 of a channel matrix matched with dual polarization and a rank of 2 channel codewords.

 The constructing device further includes: an antenna polarization characteristic detecting module, configured to: detect and acquire an antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end and the transmitting end, and send the antenna polarization characteristic to the code word constructing module.

 The codeword construction module includes a vector selection unit, a correlation codeword generation unit, and an unrelated codeword generation unit;

 The vector selection unit is configured to: select a vector for performing codeword construction;

 The associated codeword generating unit is configured to: generate a codeword using the selected vector for the relevant channel;

The uncorrelated codeword generating unit is configured to: generate a codeword using the selected vector for the uncorrelated channel. The codeword construction module is configured to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for the relevant channel as follows:

其中， Κ为码本中需要产生 的相关码字个数， Μ为发送端的发射天线数目的一半； Vector selection unit selects ^ "M-dimensional vectors

Where Κ is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 2 using c" Μ dimension vector M w. _ff as cw _n = [u _nl u , where

= c u, +d u 个 M维矢量 ^…！ ^中任意一个矢量。 w„ o 所述秩为 2 的码字 O„=| 或 ^{= αΛ +} * ^Α , "Ac is a constant, w„ is the ^"

= cu, +du M-dimensional vectors ^...! Any vector in ^. w„ o The codeword with rank 2 is O„=| or

天线极化特性检测模块是设置为：检测发送端的天线极化特性为 0 w„ or

The antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is

其中， Κ为码本中需要产生 的相关码字个数， Μ为发送端的发射天线数目的一半； 4 4 Polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic at the receiving end is 1 antenna vertical polarization, and the codeword construction module is set to: Construct a channel codeword with a rank of 1 for the relevant channel as follows: Vector selection unit selection ^ "M-dimensional vector

Where Κ is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 1 using ^" Μ dimension vector M w. _ff as

, where: w is the ^ M-dimensional vector Μ · · any vector _t antenna polarization characteristic detection module is set to: detect the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is

4 4 Polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic at the receiving end is 45-degree polarization of one antenna, and the codeword construction module is set to: construct a channel codeword of rank 1 for the relevant channel as follows: Vector selection unit selection ^ " 2M-dimensional vectors M - W where ^" is the number of relevant codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

其中： w„为所述 ^个 2M维矢量 Μ · · 中任意一个矢量， μ_η , 为实数, 2Μ维的码字的前面 Μ个元素组成的矢量和后面 Μ个元素组成的矢量，相差 一个固定的相位^ e^i,p = , 前 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^„乘以一个常系数 /„, 后 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^乘以一个常系数/„。 所述秩为 1的码字 RW„ = , 在 ， ^等于 1时， 为 _η =The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 1 by using "2M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2M-dimensional vector Μ · · , μ _η , is a real number, a vector consisting of two elements preceding the 2 Μ code word and a vector consisting of the following elements, one difference The fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , the vector consisting of the first element is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, the vector consisting of the last element is ^ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „. The codeword RW „ = of rank 1 is _η = when ^ is equal to 1.

所述矢量选择单元还设置为： 在相关信道码字构造时， 选取所述任意- 个矢量 符合以下特征：

The vector selection unit is further configured to: when constructing the associated channel codeword, selecting the arbitrary vector to meet the following characteristics:

1€ =τχ\ d ... where τ is a complex constant and is a complex constant value, · · · evenly within -

 twenty two

Cloth, or evenly distributed within -~.

 3 3 The antenna polarization characteristic detection module is set to: detect the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end as

4 4 Polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is when the multiple antennas are vertically polarized, and the codeword construction module is set to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for the uncorrelated channel as follows: The vector selection unit selects ^ "M-dimensional vectors M - M^, where Κ is the number of related code words to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, ^...!^ in the dimension space Uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed;

The irrelevant codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 2 by using the "" dimensional vector M w. _ff as

, where: „ is the ^ M-dimensional vector Μ ··ι ^

Any one of the vector _t antenna polarization characteristic detecting modules is configured to: detect the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end as

 4 4 polarization, the polarization characteristics of the antenna at the receiving end are when multiple antennas are vertically polarized, and

The 4 4 code word construction module is configured to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for an uncorrelated channel as follows: The vector selection unit selects 2 AT M-dimensional vectors ^ · · · w _ff and ^ · · · 1⁄4^ , where K is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ Hook distribution or quasi-homogeneous distribution in the Weiweizi space;

Unrelated ^ codeword generating means uses the "one-dimensional vectors Μ M w _ff 2 codeword rank configured as CW." =, Where: w "^ and arbitrary vector,

The chord distance is greater than or equal to the threshold threshold, where the chord distance ^^ , ^;) is defined as the sine of the angle between the two vectors. The vector selection unit is configured to: when the arbitrary vector and ^ are selected, the storage or real-time calculation obtains a plurality of vector sets Ω of M dimensions, and the chord distances of any two code words of the vector set Ω are greater than or equal to the threshold width Value; the vector set Ω is linearly compressed by the method of Grassmannian theory; two different vectors are randomly taken from the compressed vector set Ω as _w „ and „. The vector selection unit is further configured to: in the compressed vector set Ω, for any i and j, or in the compressed vector set Ω, Ω is a non-dual polarization of the M antenna in the multi-antenna system A codebook with a rank of 1 for the channel, for any i and j, _w; or ^ = ^, but not equal at the same time.

The method and device for constructing a channel information quantization codebook of the multi-antenna system of the present invention, and constructing a channel information quantization codebook matched with dual polarization, can have higher channel information quantization feedback efficiency under the dual-polarization channel, And it still has better performance when used for single-polarized channels. BRIEF abstract

 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction apparatus of a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system. Preferred embodiment of the invention

 In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

 The method and device for constructing a channel information information (CSI) quantization codebook of a MIMO system proposed by the present invention is applicable to a channel information quantization codebook structure when a channel matrix is a low rank (Rank), which is suitable for dual A configuration scheme for a polarized channel, and is compatible with a single-polarized channel. The core idea of the present invention is to construct a channel information codebook with ranks 1 and 2 of a channel matrix according to the correlation characteristics of the channel, the antenna polarization characteristics of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and form a channel information quantization codebook, and the channel information quantization code The channel codewords of ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix constructed for the relevant channel are included herein; and the channel information quantization codebook further includes channel codewords of ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix constructed for the uncorrelated channel. Further, for the related feature is ambiguous, the channel information quantization codebook may further include other possible codewords. The following describes the codeword construction for the relevant channel and the uncorrelated channel, respectively.

Correlation channel codeword construction method, The specific steps of the method for constructing the channel information information (CSI) quantization codebook of the MIMO system of the present invention are as follows: According to the correlation characteristics of the channel, the antenna polarization characteristics of the transmitting end and the receiving end, constructing the rank of the channel matrix is 1 and The channel codeword of 2 forms a channel information quantization codebook, and the channel information quantization codebook includes channel codewords of ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix constructed for the relevant channel.

The specific characteristics of the channel are as follows: The specific steps of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 2 of the relevant channel are as follows: Select an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the correlation code to be generated in the codebook The number of words, M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; in general, the number of transmitting antennas is even, we assume that the transmitting end is 2M transmitting antennas. At this time, we have to construct a codebook of 2M antennas.

Constructing a codeword with a rank of 2 using ^M-dimensional vectors M -M^ is 0^=^^ U _n2 ], where

U_n2 =c_nu_x +d_nu₂ 个 M维矢量 ^…！ ^中任意一个矢量。 使用该方法，可以很好的在双极化天线的同一个极化方向 M根天线上 成较好的波束， 匹配其天线之间固定相位差的特征。 如果需要码字数较少， 且为了发送端的处理复杂度低， 且兼容性好， 也 可以釆用 LTE物理层协议 3GPP 36.211中定义的 Rankl的 Index为 0-7的码 字， 作为 W l^ 所述秩 2的码字 C „ U _nl = a _{nUl +} b _n u ₂ , _a , _c is a constant, for the f

U _n2 =c _n u _x +d _n u ₂ M-dimensional vectors ^...! Any vector in ^. Using this method, a good beam can be well formed on the M antennas in the same polarization direction of the dual-polarized antenna, and the characteristics of the fixed phase difference between the antennas are matched. If the number of codewords required is small, and the processing complexity of the transmitting end is low, and the compatibility is good, the codeword of the Rank1 of the Rank1 of the Rank1 defined in the LTE physical layer protocol 3GPP 36.211 may be used as the W l^ The code word C of rank 2

CW„ =

Or (W„

在相关信道下， 往往都是存在一条直射径的信道， 此时该直射径所占功 率经常超过 80%, 对于这样的信道， 其信道的相关矩阵 (定义为信道矩阵的转 秩 *信道矩阵)有着类似块对角矩阵的形式， 其特征矢量接近上述的一些模型。 因此用上述的模型构造出的码字对信道信息 （信道特征矢量）量化， 有着非 常好的性能。

Under the relevant channel, there is always a channel with a direct path. At this time, the direct path takes up more than 80% of the power. For such a channel, the channel's correlation matrix (defined as the channel matrix) The rank * channel matrix) has a form similar to a block diagonal matrix whose feature vectors are close to some of the above models. Therefore, the code words constructed by the above model have very good performance for quantifying channel information (channel feature vector).

Transmitter antenna Polarization is the most common scenario, and the receiving end is a laptop or mobile phone.

 4 4

When placed directly, one antenna at the receiving end can be regarded as vertical polarization. The correlation characteristic of the channel is a related channel, the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the transmitting end is - / + ^ polarization, and the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the receiving end is 1 day.

 4 4

When the line is vertically polarized, the specific steps of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the relevant channel are as follows: Select an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of relevant codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; constructing a codeword of rank 1 using RW M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff

w_n为所述 ^个 M维矢量 M · · 中任意一个矢量。 此时， 信道的 2个极化方向上有相同的预编码， 比较吻合收发端该极化 配置下信道的特征。

w _n is any one of the above M-dimensional vectors M · ·. At this time, the same precoding is performed in the two polarization directions of the channel, and the characteristics of the channel in the polarization configuration of the transceiver end are matched.

Transmitter antenna - /+ Polarization is the most common scene, the receiving end is the mobile phone 45 degree placement

 4 4

When the phone is on, one antenna at the receiving end can be regarded as a 45-degree polarization. The correlation characteristic of the channel is the relevant channel, the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the transmitting end is polarization, and the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the receiving end is 1 antenna.

 4 4

When the 45-degree polarization is performed, the specific steps of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the relevant channel are as follows: Select a 2M-dimensional vector M - M^ , where ^" is the number of relevant codewords to be generated in the codebook, Μ is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; Constructing a codeword with rank 1 as RW using ^2M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff

其中： w„为所述 ^个 2M维矢量 Μ ·· 中任意一个矢量， μ_η, 为实数， 2Μ维的码字的前面 Μ个元素组成的矢量和后面 Μ个元素组成的矢量，相差 一个固定的相位^ e^i,p = , 前 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^„乘以一个常系数 /„, 后 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^乘以一个常系数/„。 此时， 特征矢量近似的有与其匹配的特征， 因此具有艮好的性能。 根据统计概率情况， μ_η, 在实际情况中都接近于 1, 所述秩为 1的码 字鮮„ =

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2M-dimensional vector Μ ··, μ _η , is a real number, a vector consisting of two elements preceding the 2 Μ code word and a vector consisting of the following elements, one difference The fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , the vector consisting of the first element is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, the vector consisting of the last element is ^ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „. At this time, the feature vector approximation has characteristics matching it, and thus has good performance. According to the statistical probability situation, μ _η is close to 1 in the actual situation, and the codeword with rank 1 is fresh „ =

上述的相关信道码字构造中， 所述^ "个矢量中的任意一个矢量 , 符合 以下特征：

In the above-mentioned related channel codeword structure, any one of the "" vectors has the following characteristics:

1€ =τχ\ d ... where τ is a complex constant, which is a complex constant value, ··· is uniform in -

 twenty two

Cloth, or evenly distributed within -~.

Unrelated Channel Codeword Construction Method The specific steps of the method for constructing the channel information information (CSI) quantization codebook of the multi-antenna (ΜΙΜΟ) system of the present invention are as follows:

Configuring a channel codeword of a channel matrix with a rank of 1 and 2 according to a correlation characteristic of the channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and forming a channel information quantization codebook, where the channel information quantization codebook includes an uncorrelated channel The channel codewords of the constructed channel matrix are 1 and 2 channel codewords. Transmitter antenna polarization is the most common scenario, and the receiving end is a laptop or mobile phone.

 4 4

When placed directly, multiple antennas at the receiving end can be considered as vertical horizontal polarization. The correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the transmitting end is polarization, and the polarization characteristic of the antenna at the receiving end is

 4 4

When multiple antennas are vertically polarized, the specific steps of constructing the channel codeword of rank 2 of the uncorrelated channel are as follows:

Select AT M-dimensional vectors M W. _ff , ^...! ^ Hook or quasi-uniform distribution in the M-dimensional subspace. Where ^" is the number of relevant codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...!^ is evenly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; using ^M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff constructs a codeword with a rank of 2 as Cf „

cw^ = , 其中： 为所述 ^个 M维矢量 Μ · · 中任意一个矢量 w„ - w„ 使用该模型能很好的匹配当前收发端极化角度条件下， 双极化非相关信 道下特征矢量的近似特征， 具有艮好的量化性能。

Cw^ = , where: is any vector of the ^ M-dimensional vectors Μ · · w„ - w„ Using this model can match the current polarization angle of the transceiver at the same time, under the dual-polarization non-correlated channel The approximate feature of the feature vector has good quantization performance.

When the antenna at the transmitting end is polarized and the antenna at the receiving end is polarized,

 4 4 4 4 The relevant characteristics of the channel are uncorrelated channels, and the polarization characteristics of the antenna at the transmitting end are - / + ^ polarization,

 4 4 The antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is multiple antennas. When vertically polarized, the rank of the uncorrelated channel is 2

 4 4

The specific steps of the channel codeword construction are as follows: Select 2 M M-dimensional vectors ^...! ^And! ^... 1⁄4^ , where AT is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; any ^ in the vector should have a large chord distance, The chord distance _fl „, ) is defined as the sine value of the angle between the two vectors. At this time, the double-polarized channel eigenvector is obtained when there is a certain degree of polarization leakage under the current polarization angle of the transceiver. Approximate characteristics of the construct. Use the M-dimensional vectors M w. _{ff to} construct a codeword with a rank of 2 as C „ =

-w„ ww _n w„

, where: w„ and ^ are arbitrary vectors, the chord distances of w„ and ^ are greater than or equal to the threshold width, where the chord distance ^^^,^ is defined as and ^: the sine of the angle between the two vectors . To reduce the amount of system memory, and the ^ ^ preclude any vector obtained by the following _steps:! Stored or calculated in real time to obtain a plurality of vectors Μ dimensional set [Omega], [Omega] in the set of vectors of any two codewords chord distance is greater than or equal to The threshold threshold is obtained by linearly compressing the vector set Ω by using the Grassmannian theory; and taking two different vectors as the sum from the compressed vector set Ω.

此时具有最好 的性能。 方法 2: Take two different vectors from Ω as w„ and ^, for different n, w„ and the difference is different. Method 1: When there are many vectors in Ω, for any i and j,

This has the best performance. Method 2:

Ω can be the non-dual-polarized channel Rank1 codebook of the M antenna in the system. At this time, the compatibility is very good, and no new storage is needed. Compared with the method 1, it can be allowed or ^ = but not equal at the same time. The sum and ^ can be orthogonal, in this case, any _lM k, ^) = i, the comparator Approximate characteristics of the dual-polarized channel eigenvectors when there is little polarization leakage at the current polarization angle of the transceiver. The model can match the approximate feature of the feature vector under the dual-polarization non-correlated channel under the current polarization angle of the transceiver, and has good quantization performance. After the receiving end itself generates or obtains the channel information codebook constructed according to the above method, the codeword matching the channel is searched from the codebook according to the channel condition, and the codeword information or the codeword serial number is fed back to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end Finding the same codebook according to the codeword information or the codeword serial number, precoding according to the found codeword, can greatly save resources, and at the same time, since the codebook includes the codeword matched with the dual polarization, it is also compatible with the monopole. In the case of the invention, the construction method of the invention has better compatibility.

The present invention also provides a channel device information (CSI) quantization codebook construction apparatus 10 for a MIMO system. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes:

 The channel detecting module 11 is configured to detect the relevant characteristics of the acquired channel, determine whether the channel is an associated channel or an uncorrelated channel, and send the relevant characteristic result of the channel to the codeword construction module 13;

 The antenna polarization characteristic detecting module 12 is configured to detect the antenna polarization characteristics of the receiving end and the transmitting end, and send the antenna polarization characteristic to the code word constructing module 13;

 The codeword construction module 13 forms a channel information quantized codebook by constructing a channel codeword with ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix according to the correlation characteristics of the channel, the antenna polarization characteristics of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the channel information quantization codebook includes The channel codewords of ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix constructed for the relevant channel further include channel codewords of ranks 1 and 2 of the channel matrix constructed for the uncorrelated channel.

 The codeword construction module 13 is further divided into: a vector selection unit 131, a correlation codeword generation unit 132, an unrelated codeword generation unit 133;

 The vector selection unit 131 is configured to select a vector for performing codeword construction;

 The associated codeword generating unit 132 is configured to generate a codeword by using the selected vector for the relevant channel;

The uncorrelated codeword generating unit 133 is configured to generate a codeword by using the selected vector for the uncorrelated channel. The device for constructing the channel information information (CSI) of the MIMO system may be located at the transmitting end or at the receiving end. When it is located at the transmitting end or the receiving end, the working mode may be completed once. The code word, and the constructed code word is stored at the transmitting end or the receiving end, and can also be constructed in real time. The constructing device may also be located on a computer device or server other than the transmitting end or the receiving end, and all code words are constructed once, and the complete codebook is stored to the transmitting end and the receiving end. The apparatus for constructing a channel information quantization codebook of the above MIMO system, wherein the correlation characteristic of the channel may be acquired by the channel detection module, or may be obtained by other means, such as parameter transmission. The antenna polarization characteristics can be obtained by the antenna polarization characteristic detection module, or can be obtained by other means, for example, from a dedicated channel correlation module.

The following is a specific codeword construction scheme in combination with specific channel characteristics and antenna polarization characteristics of the receiving end and the transmitting end.

 The channel detection module 11 detects that the correlation characteristic of the channel is obtained as a correlation channel, and the specific scheme of the codeword structure of the codeword construction module 13 for the rank 2 of the relevant channel is as follows:

 The vector selecting unit 131 selects ^ M-dimensional vectors M - W , where K is the number of related code words to be generated in the codebook, and M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

The correlation codeword generating unit 132 constructs a codeword of rank 2 by using the M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as cw _n = [u _nl u , where

= c u, + d u 个 M维矢量 ^…！ ^中任意一个矢量。 ^{= αΛ +} * ^Α , "A c is a constant, w„ is the ^^"

= cu, + du M-dimensional vectors ^...! Any vector in ^.

信道检测模块 11检测获得所述信道的相关特性为相关信道，天线极化特 性检测模块 12检测发送端的天线极化特性为 极化， 接收端的天线极

The channel detecting module 11 detects that the correlation characteristic of the channel is the relevant channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module 12 detects that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is polarization, and the antenna pole of the receiving end

 4 4

When the characteristics of the antenna are vertically polarized, the specific scheme of the codeword structure of the codeword construction module 13 for the rank 1 of the relevant channel is as follows: The vector selection unit 131 selects the M-dimensional vectors M - W where K For the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end;

Correlation code word generation unit 132 using the ^ M-dimensional vector M w _ff configured codeword rank 1 in which:. W _n is the ^ M-dimensional vector M · · _t vector of any one of

The channel detecting module 11 detects that the correlation characteristic of the channel is the relevant channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module 12 detects that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is - polarization, and the antenna pole of the receiving end

 4 4

其中， 为码本中需 要产生的相关码字个数， M为发送端的发射天线数目的一半； When the characteristic is a 45-degree polarization of one antenna, the specific scheme of the codeword structure of the codeword construction module 13 for the rank 1 of the relevant channel is as follows: The vector selection unit 131 selects two 2M-dimensional vectors.

Wherein, the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end;

其中： w„为所述 ^个 2M维矢量 Μ ·· 中任意一个矢量， μ_η, 为实数, 2Μ维的码字的前面 Μ个元素组成的矢量和后面 Μ个元素组成的矢量，相差 一个固定的相位^ e^i,p = , 前 Μ个元素组成的矢量为 ^„乘以一个常系数 /„, 后 M个元素组成的矢量为 ^„乘以一个常系数 所述秩为 1的码字 Rf „ , 在 ， ^等于 1时， 为The correlation codeword generating unit 132 constructs a codeword of rank 1 using K 2M-dimensional vectors MM^

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2M-dimensional vector Μ ··, μ _η , is a real number, a vector consisting of two elements preceding the 2 Μ code word and a vector consisting of the following elements, one difference The fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , the vector of the first element is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, The vector consisting of the last M elements is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient of the codeword Rf „ with a rank of 1, when ^ is equal to 1,

The vector selection unit 131 selects any one of the vectors, and meets the following characteristics:

έ^θ" ^1θ" … 其中， τ为一个复常数， 为一个复常数值， Α··· 在 布， 或在 - 〜 内均匀分布 _t 1€

^έ θ "1θ" ... where, [tau] is a complex constant, a normalization value, Α ··· cloth, or - the uniform distribution _t ~

The channel detecting module 11 detects that the correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module 12 detects that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is polarization, and the antenna of the receiving end

 4 4

When the polarization characteristic is that the plurality of antennas are vertically polarized, the specific scheme of the codeword structure of the codeword construction module 13 for the rank 2 of the uncorrelated channel is as follows: The vector selection unit 131 selects the M-dimensional vectors M - W , K is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, and Ή··Ή^ is evenly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace;

The irrelevant codeword generating unit 133 constructs a codeword of rank 2 into CW „ = using ^ Μ dimension vectors M w. _ff , where: _w „ is the ^ M-dimensional vectors Μ ··

Any one of

The channel detecting module 11 detects that the correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module 12 detects that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is polarization, and the antenna of the receiving end

4 4 When the polarization characteristic is multiple antennas - / + vertical polarization, the code word construction module 13 is for the irrelevant signal

 4 4

The specific scheme of the channel codeword construction with the rank rank of 2 is as follows: The vector selection unit 131 selects 2 M M-dimensional vectors ^...! ^And! ^... 1⁄4^ , where K is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, and ^ · · · w _ff is evenly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace;

The irrelevant codeword generating unit 133 constructs a codeword of rank 2 using ^ M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff

, where: and for any vector, and ^

The chord distance is greater than or equal to the threshold width, where the chord distance _fl „, ) is defined as _w „ and ^: the sine of the angle between the two vectors. When the vector selection unit 131 selects the arbitrary vector ^, the storage or real-time calculation obtains a plurality of vector sets Ω of the M dimension, and the chord distances of any two codewords of the vector set Ω are greater than or equal to the threshold threshold;线The line set Ω is linearly compressed by the method of Grassmannian theory; arbitrarily take two different vectors from the compressed vector set Ω as w „ and. The compressed vector set Ω, for Any i and j , ^ ^. Or, in the compressed vector set Ω, Ω is a codebook of rank 1 of the M antenna non-dual-polarized channel in the multi-antenna system, for any i and j, ^ . = or ^ = ^ , but not equal at the same time.

Example 1

M₂ =[l j -l -7] w₆ = [1 qi —j -qo] 8 adaptive double-polarized correlation channel codeword constructions in 8 antennas Rank2 are 8 4-dimensional vectors as shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

M ₂ =[lj -l -7] w ₆ = [1 qi —j -qo]

q3= (1-j) l l 构造码字

w ₃ =[l -1 1 -l] u ₁ = [l q2 j q>] w ₄ =[! -J -1 7'] w ₈ =[l ^3 —j ql] where: q0= (1+ j) /V2; q1= (-1+j)

Q3= (1-j) ll Construct codeword

Cw„ = n = 2,4,6,8

The above mixing mode is also possible, Embodiment 2

对于任意的 n

^θη = -y + _η = \〜Ν Selecting 16 4D Vectors for N Adapted Dual Polarization Correlated Channel Codeword Structures in 8 Antenna Rank2

For any n

^θ η = -y + _η = \~Ν

Construct codeword Cw— n = l ~ N

 u„ —u

Example 3

 8 antennas in Rank1 N adaptive dual polarization correlation channel codeword construction

 Select N four-dimensional vectors n, and the method is the same as that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The antenna is polarized to the most common scene, and the receiving end is a laptop or a mobile phone.

 4 4

When placed straight. At this point the codeword is constructed as n = \~ N if the receiver is - /+ polarized

 4 4 ~ N

在一些情况下可能不能获得接收端极化角度信息， 且其可能随时改变: 因此， 也可以使用下面的混合方法进行性能折衷

In some cases, the receiving end polarization angle information may not be obtained, and it may change at any time: Therefore, the following hybrid method can also be used for performance tradeoffs.

n为偶数时

When n is an odd number

When n is even

Example 4 8 adaptive dual polarization related channel codeword construction in 8 antenna Rank2

Select 8 4-dimensional vector sets. The last 8 code words of the 4-antenna Rank1 defined in LTE are recorded as ~ w _8. The following steps are used to construct the codeword of Rank2.

Example 5

8 antennas in Rank 2 16 adaptive dual-polarization uncorrelated channel codeword construction

 Select a 4-dimensional vector set with a large distance between two pairs of two strings. For example, the last 8 code words of the 4-antenna Rank1 defined in LTE are recorded as . Use the following method to construct the codeword of Rank2

CW

CW ₅

实施例 6

Example 6

16 antennas in the 8 antenna Rank2 are adapted to the dual-polarization uncorrelated channel codeword structure. The 32-dimensional two-dimensional large-diameter 4-dimensional vector "i" is w _l - w ₃₂ , as shown in Table 3. Table 3

5 -0. 5000 0. 5000i 0. 5000 -0. 5000i

5 -0. 5000 0. 5000i 0. 5000 -0. 5000i

6 0. 5000 0. 5000 0. 5000 0. 5000

 7 0. 5000 0. 5000i 0. 5000 0. 5000i

 8 0. 5000 0. 5000 0. 5000 -0. 5000

 9 0. 5000 0. 5000i -0. 5000 0. 5000i

 10 0. 5000 -0. 5000 0. 5000 0. 5000

 11 0. 5000 -0. 5000i -0. 5000 -0. 5000i

12 0. 5000 0. 3536 + 0. 3536i 0. 5000i -0. 3536 + 0. 3536i

13 0. 5000 -0. 3536 + 0. 3536i -0. 5000i 0. 3536 + 0. 3536i

14 0. 5000 -0. 3536 - 0. 3536i 0. 5000i 0. 3536 - 0. 3536i

15 0. 5000 0. 3536 - 0. 3536i -0. 5000i -0. 3536 - 0. 3536i

16 0. 5000 -0. 4619 - 0. 1913i 0. 3536 + 0. 3536i -0. 1913 - 0. 4619i

17 0. 3117 0. 6025 + 0. 1995i -0. 4030 - 0. 4903i - 0. 1122 - 0. 2908i

18 0. 3117 -0. 6025 - 0. 1995i - 0. 1122 - 0. 2908i 0. 4030 + 0. 4903i

19 0. 3058 0. 1901 - 0. 6052i 0. 1195 + 0. 2866i 0. 4884 - 0. 4111 i

20 0. 5000 -0. 1913 + 0. 4619i -0. 3536 - 0. 3536i 0. 4619 - 0. 1913i

21 0. 5000 0. 1913 - 0. 4619i -0. 3536 - 0. 3536i -0. 4619 + 0. 1913i

0. 5000 0. 4619 + 0. 1913i 0. 3536 + 0. 3536i 0. 1913 + 0. 4619i

twenty two

 0. 3082 0. 0104 + 0. 3151 i 0. 4077 + 0. 4887i -0. 4783 + 0. 4145i

twenty three

 0. 3117 0. 3573 - 0. 2452i 0. 6025 - 0. 1995i - 0. 1578 + 0. 5360i

twenty four

 0. 3117 0. 2452 + 0. 3573i -0. 6025 + 0. 1995i 0. 5360 + 0. 1578i

25

 0. 3082 - 0. 3666 + 0. 2426i 0. 6092 - 0. 1842i 0. 1615 - 0. 5298i

26

 0. 3117 -0. 2452 - 0. 3573i -0. 6025 + 0. 1995i - 0. 5360 - 0. 1578i

27

 0. 3117 0. 4260 + 0. 0793i 0. 1995 + 0. 6025i 0. 2674 + 0. 4906i

28

 0. 3117 -0. 0793 + 0. 4260i -0. 1995 - 0. 6025i 0. 4906 - 0. 2674i

29

 30 0. 3117 -0. 4260 - 0. 0793i 0. 1995 + 0. 6025i -0. 2674 - 0. 4906i

31 0. 3117 0. 0793 - 0. 4260i -0. 1995 - 0. 6025i -0. 4906 + 0. 2674i

32 0. 5636 -0. 3332 - 0. 2672i 0. 1174 + 0. 55121 -0. 3308 - 0. 2702i Use the following method to construct the code word of Rank2 w w

 CW^ w = 1~ 16

 w„ - w Example 6

8 adaptive double-polarization uncorrelated channel codeword construction in 8 antenna Rank2 Select a 4*2 orthogonal matrix set with a large distance between two pairs of two chords. For example, the last 8 code words of the 4 antenna Rank2 defined in LTE are recorded as H.

The first column of W _n is denoted by „ (:,1) , and the second column of W _n is denoted by „ (:,2) The construction codeword is „(:,1) „(:,2)

 CW = w = 1 ~ 8

„(:,1) - W _n (:,2)

Example 7

N antennas in the 8 antenna Rank2 are adapted to the dual polarization uncorrelated channel codeword construction. Select a 2N vector set ^ ₂ w _{2N with a} larger 2N two-chord distance. Select N vectors ^ from it. Based on the _W „ vector, the orthogonalization is performed to make „ _+Λί and _W „ orthogonal; construct codeword: CW _n = = \~ N

以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对于本领域 的技术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则 之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的权利要求 范围之内。

The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Industrial applicability

 The method and device for constructing a channel information quantization codebook of the multi-antenna system of the present invention, and constructing a channel information quantization codebook matched with dual polarization, can have higher channel information quantization feedback efficiency under the dual-polarization channel, And it still has better performance when used for single-polarized channels.

Claims

Claim  A method for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system, the method comprising: constructing a channel codeword of a rank 1 of a channel matrix according to a correlation characteristic of a channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of a transmitting end and a receiving end; a channel codeword of rank 2, forming a channel information quantization codebook, the channel information quantization codebook including a channel codeword of rank 1 and a channel of rank 2 of a channel matrix matched with dual polarization for a correlation channel configuration Codeword. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the correlation characteristic of the channel is a correlation channel, and the step of constructing a channel codeword with a rank of 2 of the associated channel comprises: Selecting an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of related code words to be generated in the codebook, and M is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; Constructing a codeword with a rank of 2 using ^M-dimensional vectors M -M^ is 0^ =^^ U _n2 ], where ^{= αΛ +} * ^Α , "Ac is a constant, w„ is the ^"

= cu, +du M-dimensional vectors ^ ··· Any vector - The construction method according to claim 2, wherein said code word of rank 2 is CW Including

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the correlation characteristic of the channel is a correlation channel, the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is - / + polarization, and the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is 1 day.  4 4 When the line is vertically polarized, the step of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the associated channel includes: selecting an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, M Half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end; Constructing a codeword with rank 1 as RW using ^ M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff

^ w _n is the M-dimensional vector of any one of M · · vector _t 5, the construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the channel correlation property for the relevant channel, transmitting end antenna polarization characteristics of polar 4 4, when the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is 45-degree polarization of one antenna, the step of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 1 of the relevant channel includes: selecting a 2M-dimensional vector

Where ^" is the number of relevant codewords to be generated in the codebook, Μ is half of the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end; and constructing a codeword with a rank of 1 using ^2Μ-dimensional vectors M w. _ff is RW„ =

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2" dimensional vector Μ ··, μ _η , is a real number, The vector consisting of two elements in front of the two-dimensional codeword and the vector consisting of the following elements are separated by a fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , and the vector consisting of the preceding elements is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, the vector consisting of the last element is ^ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „. 6. The construction method according to claim 5, wherein the codeword of rank 1 is

The construction method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein in the above-described correlation channel codeword structure, the arbitrary one of the vectors _W „ conforms to the following features: 1€

^έ θ "1θ" ... where, [tau] is a complex constant, a normalization value, Α ··· cloth, or - the uniform distribution _t ~ A method for constructing a channel information quantization codebook in a multi-antenna system, the method comprising: constructing a channel codeword of a rank 1 of a channel matrix according to a correlation characteristic of a channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of a transmitting end and a receiving end; a channel codeword of rank 2, forming a channel information quantization codebook, the channel information quantization codebook comprising a channel codeword of rank 1 and a rank of 2 of a channel matrix matched with dual polarization for uncorrelated channel construction Channel codeword.  9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is - / + polarization, and the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is multiple roots.  4 4 When the antenna is vertically polarized, the step of constructing the channel codeword of the rank 2 of the uncorrelated channel includes: selecting an M-dimensional vector M - w. _ff , where K is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, M is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; and constructing a codeword of rank 2 using the M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as Cf „

CW „ = , where: _w „ is the vector of any one of the M-dimensional vectors w · ·, the configuration method according to claim 8, wherein  The correlation characteristic of the channel is an uncorrelated channel, and the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is - / + pole  4 4 , the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is multiple antennas. When the vertical polarization is used, the structure is uncorrelated.  4 4 The steps of the channel codeword with rank 2 of the track include: selecting 2 M M-dimensional vectors ^...! ^And! ^... 1⁄4^ , where AT is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ uniformly distributed or quasi-uniformly distributed in the M-dimensional subspace; and constructing a codeword of rank 2 using the M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as C „

, where: and ^ are arbitrary vectors, and the distance between the strings of W„ and ^ is greater than or equal to

At the threshold value, where the chord distance ^^^,^ is defined as and ^: the sine of the angle between the two vectors. The constructing method according to claim 10, wherein the step of constructing the codeword of rank 2 by using the two dimension vectors M - w. _ff further comprises: obtaining the arbitrary vector ^ and the obtaining The steps of the arbitrary vector and ^ include:  Store or real-time calculation to obtain multiple vector sets Ω of M-dimensional, vector set Ω The chord distance of any two codewords is greater than or equal to the threshold threshold;  Linearly compressing the vector set Ω by using the Grassmannian theory; and  Take two different vectors from the compressed vector set Ω as w„ and ^. 12. The constructing method according to claim 11, wherein the step of arbitrarily selecting and selecting from the compressed vector set Ω comprises: arbitrarily selecting M^ from the compressed vector set Ω, for any i and j , w _t ≠ Wj≠ w _t ≠ Wj; or, if φ and ^ are randomly selected from the compressed vector set Ω, if Ω is a codebook of a non-dual-polarized channel rank of 1 in a multi-antenna system, For any i and j, _w; or ^ = ^, but not equal at the same time. 13. A device for constructing a channel information quantization codebook of a multi-antenna system, the device comprising: a codeword construction module, configured to: construct a channel matrix according to a correlation characteristic of a channel, an antenna polarization characteristic of a transmitting end and a receiving end, a channel codeword of rank 1 and a channel codeword of rank 2, forming a channel information quantization codebook, the channel information quantization codebook including a channel codeword and rank of rank 1 of a channel matrix matched with dual polarization Is a channel codeword of 2. 14. The constructing device of claim 13, the constructing device further comprising: The antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect and acquire antenna polarization characteristics of the receiving end and the transmitting end, and send the antenna polarization characteristic to the code word construction module.  The constructing apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the codeword constructing module comprises a vector selecting unit, a correlated codeword generating unit, and an unrelated codeword generating unit; and the vector selecting unit is configured to: select a codeword Constructed vector  The associated codeword generating unit is configured to: generate a codeword using the selected vector for the relevant channel;  The uncorrelated codeword generating unit is configured to: generate a codeword using the selected vector for the uncorrelated channel.  16. The construction device according to claim 15, wherein  The codeword construction module is configured to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for the relevant channel as follows: Vector selection unit selects ^ "M-dimensional vectors

Where Κ is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 2 using ^" Μ dimension vector M w. _ff as cw _n = [u _nl u , where u _nl =\ ^W " u _n2 =\ ° ], U = a _n u _{l +b} u ₂ ^ _abcd ^ _t , _Wn is the KL ⁰ "L ^w "" U _n2 =c _nU +d _n u ₂ M-dimensional vectors ^...! Any vector in ^. 17. The constructing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the codeword cw _n = [u _nl f / „ ₂ ] of rank ₂ comprises: cw _n =

Or c „

The configuration device according to claim 15, wherein the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is 4 4 Polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic at the receiving end is 1 antenna vertical polarization; and the codeword construction module is set to: construct a channel codeword with rank 1 for the relevant channel as follows: Vector selection unit selects ^ " M-dimensional vector

Where Κ is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half of the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end; The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 1 using ^" Μ dimension vector M w. _ff as , where: w„ is the ^ M-dimensional vector Μ · · any one of the vectors _t The configuration device according to claim 15, wherein the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is  4 4 Polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is 1 antenna 45 degree polarization; and the codeword construction module is set to: construct the channel codeword with rank 1 for the relevant channel as follows: Vector selection unit selection ^ "2M-dimensional vectors M - W where ^" is the number of associated codewords to be generated in the codebook, and M is half the number of transmit antennas at the transmitting end; The correlation codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 1 by using "2M-dimensional vectors M w. _ff as

Where: w„ is any vector of the 2M-dimensional vector Μ · · , μ _η , is a real number, a vector consisting of two elements preceding the 2 Μ code word and a vector consisting of the following elements, one difference The fixed phase ^ e ^i,p = , the vector consisting of the first element is ^„ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „, the vector consisting of the last element is ^ multiplied by a constant coefficient / „. 20. The constructing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the codeword of rank 1 is

The constructing apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 20, wherein the vector selecting unit is further configured to: select any one of the vectors, and meet the following characteristics: 1€

^έ θ "1θ" ... where, [tau] is a complex constant, a normalization value, Α · · · cloth, or - ~ _t uniform distribution The configuration device according to claim 15, wherein the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is 4 4 polarization, the antenna polarization characteristic of the receiving end is when the multiple antennas are vertically polarized; and the codeword construction module is set to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for the uncorrelated channel as follows: Vector selection unit selection ^ "M-dimensional vector

Where Κ is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ evenly distributed or quasi-uniform distribution in the dimension space; The irrelevant codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 2 by using the "" dimensional vector M w. _ff as CW„ = , where: w„ is the ^ M-dimensional vector Μ · · ι ^

Any vector. The configuration device according to claim 15, wherein the antenna polarization characteristic detecting module is configured to: detect that the antenna polarization characteristic of the transmitting end is  4 4 polarization, the antenna polarization characteristics at the receiving end are multiple antennas - / + when vertically polarized; 4 4 The codeword construction module is configured to: construct a channel codeword of rank 2 for the uncorrelated channel as follows: The vector selection unit selects 2 AT M-dimensional vectors ^ · · · w _ff and ^ · · · 1⁄4^ , where , K is the number of related codewords to be generated in the codebook, and Μ is half the number of transmitting antennas at the transmitting end, ^...! ^ Hook distribution or quasi-homogeneous distribution in the Weiweizi space; The irrelevant codeword generating unit constructs a codeword of rank 2 using c" _n dimension vectors M w. _ff as cw _n =\ ^w " ^^ or c „= " ^w - ], where: and ^: are arbitrary Vector, and ^: \_-w _n v„" - The string distance is greater than or equal to the threshold width, where the chord distance ^^ , ^;) is defined as the sine of the angle between the two vectors. The constructing apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the vector selecting unit is configured to: when the arbitrary vector sum is selected, store or real-time calculate to obtain a plurality of vector sets Ω of M dimensions, and any of the vector sets Ω The chord distances of the codewords are all greater than or equal to the threshold threshold; the vector set Ω is linearly compressed by the method of Grassmannian theory; and the arbitrary vector set Ω is taken from the compressed vector set Ω Different vectors as The constructing apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said vector selecting unit is further configured to: in said compressed vector set Ω, for any i and j, _Wi ≠ _Wj ≠ ^ ≠ ^ ; In the compressed vector set Ω, Ω is a codebook of rank 1 of the Μ antenna non-dual-polarized channel in the multi-antenna system, and _Wi = or ^ = but not equal at the same for any i and j.