WO2010130063A1 - 具有促进干細胞增殖作用的小分子化合物及其用途 - Google Patents
具有促进干細胞增殖作用的小分子化合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D271/06—1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles
- C07D271/07—1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a small molecule compound having an action of promoting stem cell proliferation, and to the use of the small molecule compound for preparing a cell growth promoter and for preparing a drug for promoting proliferation of a cell.
- the invention further relates to the use of the small molecule compound for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a cell loss or injury disorder. Further, the present invention further relates to a method of administering a small molecule compound of the present invention to a patient in need thereof, and further treating the disease.
- the invention belongs to the field of medicine.
- Stem cells are primitive cells with self-renewal capacity and multi-directional differentiation potential. Under certain conditions, they can also proliferate and differentiate into different functional cells. Therefore, stem cell research plays an important role in the renewal and repair of various tissues and organs in living organisms, and has become the only hope for many incurable diseases, especially cell or tissue loss or injury diseases. Stem cells include embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.
- Embryonic stem cells are extremely limited in their application due to ethical issues; adult stem cells provide a basis for the wide application of stem cells because they can differentiate into functional cells and tissues; they provide a good in vitro model for studying mammalian early development; It provides a new source of cells for cell replacement therapy for many diseases; it also marks the beginning of a new era in the development of modern biology and the development of new drugs. Therefore, adult stem cells have become the focus of research. However, the number of stem cells in normal adult mammals is very small and at rest, and differentiation and development are affected by a variety of intrinsic mechanisms and microenvironmental factors, making it difficult to form a single unique cell type by self-differentiation; it is difficult to be long-term in vitro.
- Cell replacement therapy is divided into: cell transplantation and regulation of autologous stem cell proliferation and directed differentiation by drugs.
- Stem cell drugs are a class of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs that can prevent diseases caused by cell loss or damage by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in living organisms.
- both growth factors and small molecule compounds can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in vivo; using stem cell drugs to regulate the proliferation and differentiation potential of stem cells, to reconstruct damaged functional cells and restore their biological functions. It solves the problem of the source of adult stem cells and the ethical confusion of embryonic stem cells; it also avoids the problem of immune rejection and surgical sequelae of cell transplantation. Provide new perspectives and ideas for the prevention and treatment of cell loss or injury.
- central nervous system diseases - neurological degenerative or damaging diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), drug abuse, depression, and stroke, Both are diseases caused by the loss and damage of nerve cells.
- PD Parkinson's disease
- AD Alzheimer's disease
- HD Huntington's disease
- drug abuse depression
- stroke Both are diseases caused by the loss and damage of nerve cells.
- PD Parkinson's disease
- AD Alzheimer's disease
- HD Huntington's disease
- drug abuse depression
- depression depression
- stroke both are diseases caused by the loss and damage of nerve cells.
- PD Parkinson's disease
- AD Alzheimer's disease
- HD Huntington's disease
- drug abuse depression
- depression depression
- stroke both are diseases caused by the loss and damage of nerve cells.
- Trying to save the damaged nerve cells and simultaneously stimulating the regeneration of the nerve cells is an ideal therapeutic strategy.
- people have attempted to repair damaged cells by using neural stem cell transplantation, but clinically there are limitations in transplantation of neural stem cells, functional cells
- growth factors or biologically active proteins can be used in most stem cell drugs, growth factors or biologically active proteins, as macromolecular active substances in the body, not only involve the physiological processes of criss-crossing, but also exhibit extremely complex multi-regulatory functions in vivo. Moreover, it is a heterologous polypeptide or protein that can elicit an immune response and is expensive, and it is difficult to have clinical treatment and medicinal value. Small molecule compounds have always been the mainstay of therapeutic drugs for clinical diseases, and the potential of small molecule compounds as stem cell regulating drugs has also received increasing attention.
- Small molecule compounds include synthetic small molecule compounds and natural small molecule compounds (mainly referred to as plant extract compounds and active ingredient monomers of traditional Chinese medicines), and the following features and advantages are compared with small molecule compound drugs:
- Exogenous small molecule compounds usually have a single regulatory effect, unlike endogenous macromolecular active substances, which intervene in complex multiple regulatory systems in vivo and are prone to immune responses. This helps to maintain normal physiological functions of the body.
- natural small molecule compounds are more biocompatible, especially toxic, than synthetic small molecule compounds due to biological (plant) metabolic processes.
- Small molecule compounds are easy to pass the blood-brain barrier due to their small molecular weight.
- the search for small molecular compounds that specifically regulate the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells is not only a hotspot of biological research on the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells in vitro, but also a research hotspot of innovative drugs.
- the small molecule compound can be used as a stem cell proliferation promoter and a preparation for promoting stem cell proliferation, and provides more options for research, clinical and medicinal purposes.
- the problem of rejection and sequelae of surgery provides a new perspective and idea for the prevention and treatment of cell loss or injury. Summary of the invention
- the small molecule compound provided by the present invention can be used as a stem cell proliferation promoting agent and a preparation for promoting proliferation of stem cells, and can be applied clinically to provide a large number of stem cells for transplantation.
- the small molecule compound provided by the present invention can promote stem cell proliferation and repair of functional cells, and can be used for the study of the mechanism of proliferation of thousands of cells.
- the present invention provides a compound of the general formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer or hydrate thereof:
- R 2 is an amino group, a substituted amino group, a lower alkyl group or an aryl group
- X is a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- Y is a hetero atom such as An oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom.
- the lower alkyl group means a C1-C6 alkyl group (alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), and includes a CI-C4 alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group.
- Aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl or naphthyl.
- a hetero atom generally refers to a 0, S, or N atom, preferably an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is Ia (R is a hydrogen atom, R 2 is an amino group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is iM ld is a methyl group, R 2 is an amino group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is I l ⁇ is a methyl group, R 2 is a methyl group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is I d (which is a hydrogen atom, R 2 is an amino group, X is an oxygen atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is I e (which is a hydrogen atom, R 2 is a substituted amino group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is I f ( Ri is a hydrogen atom, R 2 is a substituted amino group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is a sulfur atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is I g (I is a hydrogen atom, R 2 is a methyl group, X is a sulfur atom, and Y is an oxygen atom), and the structural formula is as follows:
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a small molecule compound of the general formula [I]:
- Process 1 is a process for preparing I R3 (R 3 is hydrogen, substituted aryl) by using Compound 1 as a starting material, cyclization to form intermediate 3, and then performing a thiosemicarbazone reaction.
- Process 2 is a starting material of the compound 3 in Process 1, first performing an alkylation reaction, and then preparing a formula of ⁇ ⁇ 1 by a reaction of a thiourea A method of ( ⁇ is a lower alkyl, aryl) compound.
- Process 3 is a compound starting from the compound 5 in Process 2 , and reacting with the compound R 2 NCS to prepare a formula A method in which I ⁇ Ri is a lower alkyl group, an aryl group; and R 2 is a lower alkyl group, aryl group).
- Process 4 is a compound of Process 3 in Process 1 or Compound 5 in Process 2, which is prepared by reacting with Compound 6 to prepare a compound of the formula Ix (which is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an aryl group). method.
- Process 5 is based on compound 7 and compound 8 as a starting material for the synthesis of intermediate production. After the reaction of the product 9 with 2, a compound 10 is obtained, and a reaction similar to the method 3 is carried out to prepare a compound of the formula 2, which is an amino group, a substituted amino group, a lower alkyl group or an aryl group.
- the compound [I] obtained by the above Process 1-5 can be isolated by a usual method, and can be purified, for example, by a conventional method, for example, a recrystallization method, a separation thin layer chromatography, a column chromatography or the like. Further, it may be purified in the form of a salt as needed.
- the compound [I] can be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt by a method known per se. Proliferator
- the present invention also relates to the use of the small molecule compound of the general formula [I] provided by the present invention for the preparation of a stem cell proliferator.
- the stem cell proliferators are those which promote stem cell proliferation when contacted with stem cells in vivo or in vitro, and components thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a compound of the general formula [I] which is a stem cell proliferative agent.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the compound of the general formula [I] as a stem cell proliferator.
- the compound of the present invention can be used as an additive for culturing stem cells in vitro.
- the compound of the present invention is a small molecular substance having a small molecular weight. It can be maintained in the culture medium for a long time (just change the medium in about 7-9 days).
- the compound of the present invention may further comprise a growth factor for culturing stem cells to promote their proliferation. This is a better and emerging test for stem cells using serum-free cell culture additives.
- the stem cell proliferating agent is a small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] provided by the present invention as an active ingredient.
- the stem cell proliferative agent provided by the present invention may separately contain the small molecule compound provided by the present invention, or may be provided by the present invention.
- the stem cell proliferative agent of the present invention can be used in a method for proliferating stem cells, which is characterized in that the small molecule compound is brought into contact with stem cells to promote proliferation of stem cells.
- the stem cell proliferation agent provided by the present invention is used in vitro, it is preferred to provide the small molecule compound provided by the present invention after it is dissolved in a solution capable of dissolving the substance. Examples of the solution include water, DMS0, and the like.
- the stem cells are not particularly limited as long as they are stem cells, including adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. Among them, embryonic stem cells, as pluripotent cells, can differentiate into any cell type.
- Adult stem cells include neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and the like.
- the stem cell proliferator prepared by the small molecule compound of the general formula [I] provided by the present invention can be administered directly, but it is desirable to use it as a conventional various pharmaceutical agent, and these agents can be used for animals or humans.
- the stem cells are not particularly limited as long as they are stem cells, including adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells.
- adult stem cells include neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and the like.
- embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell type.
- the stem cell proliferating agent is a small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] provided by the present invention as an active ingredient.
- the stem cell proliferative agent provided by the present invention may contain the small molecule compound provided by the present invention alone, or a mixture of the small molecule compound provided by the present invention and any other active ingredient having a function of promoting stem cell proliferation. These agents may be prepared in the same manner as the above-described preparation for promoting a stem cell proliferation drug, or may be administered in the same administration method.
- the stem cell proliferative agent of the present invention can be used in a method for proliferating stem cells, which is characterized in that the small molecule compound is contacted with stem cells to promote dryness and fineness. Cell proliferation.
- the stem cell proliferation agent provided by the present invention is used in vitro, it is preferred to provide the small molecule compound provided by the present invention after it is dissolved in a solution capable of dissolving the substance. Examples of the solution include water, DMS0, and the like.
- the present invention also relates to a method for promoting proliferation of stem cells, which comprises promoting the proliferation of stem cells by the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] provided by the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to a method for promoting proliferation of stem cells, which comprises contacting a small molecule compound of the general formula [I] provided by the present invention with a stem cell.
- the above method of the present invention can be carried out in vivo or in vitro.
- the present invention also relates to a method of treating a disease in which a small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] is administered to a patient in need thereof.
- the patient in need thereof may be a patient suffering from the following diseases:
- the cell loss or injury disease is selected from a disease associated with degeneration or injury of the nervous system cells, a blood system disease, a cell loss or damage of the cardiovascular system.
- the patient in need thereof may be a patient suffering from a disease selected from the group consisting of a degenerative or injurious disease of the nervous system selected from Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Down syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, anxiety disorder, depression, bipolar disorder; blood system diseases are selected from aplastic anemia, Hematopoietic system and immune system dysfunction caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy in thalassemia, leukemia and malignant tumors; cell loss or injury in cardiovascular system is selected from cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, heart failure, subacute endocarditis, acute Myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, ischemic heart disease; skin disease is a skin burn.
- a degenerative or injurious disease of the nervous system selected from Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Down syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis,
- the invention also provides a method of culturing stem cells comprising culturing stem cells in the presence of a compound of the invention.
- the obtained stem cells are cultured in the presence of the stem cell proliferator of the invention.
- the proliferation of stem cells can be effectively promoted by culturing stem cells of animals in the presence of the stem cell proliferator of the present invention.
- the stem cells of the animal may be stem cells of any animal, preferably mammals, and more preferably stem cells derived from rats, mice, monkeys, and humans.
- Examples of the stem cells include neural stem cells derived from the brain, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and the like, and are preferably neural stem cells.
- the neural stem cells may be cells derived from animals of any age or age, but are preferably adult stem cells.
- the stem cells of the present invention may comprise human embryonic stem cells, or in another embodiment, the stem cells of the invention comprise human embryonic stem cells.
- a method for obtaining adult neural stem cells from an animal a method in which rat neural stem cells are isolated and cultured by taking tissue cells of the rat SVZ region is exemplified.
- neural stem cells are cultured in the presence of the stem cell proliferator of the present invention.
- the concentration of the neural stem cell proliferative agent ranges from lnmo l /ml - 100umo l /ml.
- any medium can be used as long as it does not inhibit the proliferation of the neural stem cells, but DMEM/F12 medium or the like is preferably used.
- the neural stem cells obtained by the above culture method can be recovered from the culture medium and transplanted to a disordered part of a neurological disease patient by surgery, and can be used for treating the neurological disease.
- the neurological disease include: Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Epilepsy, anxiety disorder, synthesis
- Small molecule compounds are known to reach the brain cells through the blood-brain barrier.
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is actively promoting the treatment of human stem cell transplantation, and the compounds of the present invention.
- a small molecule compound contained in the present invention which can promote stem cell survival in the absence of serum and low cell density. Since the compound of the present invention has these characteristics, those skilled in the art can also understand by reading the foregoing description.
- the compounds of the invention can be further developed into a pharmaceutical compound by known techniques.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a small molecule compound of the formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer or hydrate thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain only a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound of the formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer or hydrate thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may also contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound of the general formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer or hydrate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or Shape agent.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound of the general formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, isomer or hydrate thereof, other active ingredients for treatment and pharmacy. Acceptable carrier or excipient.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound of the formula [I] and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound la and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound lb and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain a therapeutically effective amount of small molecule compound Ic and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound Id and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound Ie and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound If and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- compositions provided herein may contain a therapeutically effective amount of the small molecule compound Ig and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
- the pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention may contain a therapeutically effective amount of a combination of one or more of the small molecule compounds Ia, Ib, Ic, Id, Ie, If, Ig, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. .
- composition formulation forms provided by the present invention include any dosage form that is pharmaceutically acceptable. It can be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, according to any method known in the art of pharmacy.
- the administration route it is desirable to use the most effective route at the time of treatment, and for example, a non-oral route such as oral or intravenous administration can be listed.
- Examples of the administration form include tablets, powders, granules, syrups, injections and the like.
- a liquid preparation such as a syrup suitable for oral administration can be prepared by using a substance including: water, sugar, sucrose, sorbitol, fructose, etc.; polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol Alcohols; oils such as sesame oil, olive oil, soybean oil; preservatives such as parabens; flavors such as strawberry flavor and mint.
- tablets, powders, granules and the like can be prepared by using an excipient such as lactose, glucose, sucrose or mannitol; a disintegrant such as starch or sodium alginate; Lubricants such as magnesium sulfate and talc; A binder such as an enol, hydroxypropyl cellulose or gelatin; a surfactant such as a fatty acid ester; a plasticizer such as glycerin or the like.
- an excipient such as lactose, glucose, sucrose or mannitol
- a disintegrant such as starch or sodium alginate
- Lubricants such as magnesium sulfate and talc
- a binder such as an enol, hydroxypropyl cellulose or gelatin
- a surfactant such as a fatty acid ester
- plasticizer such as glycerin or the like.
- Formulations suitable for parenteral administration are preferably prepared using a sterilized aqueous preparation containing the active compound which is isotonic with the blood of the recipient.
- a solution for injection can be prepared using a carrier solution composed of a salt solution, a glucose solution or a mixture of saline and a glucose solution.
- a diluent a preservative, a perfume, an excipient, a disintegrator, a lubricant, a binder, a surfactant, which are exemplified in describing an oral agent, may be added.
- a diluent a preservative, a perfume, an excipient, a disintegrator, a lubricant, a binder, a surfactant, which are exemplified in describing an oral agent.
- the amount of administration and the number of administrations of the small molecule compound represented by the general formula [I] provided by the present invention may vary depending on the dosage form to be administered, the age and weight of the patient, the nature and severity of the symptom to be treated, However, in the case of oral administration, it is administered in an amount of from 0.01 mg to lg per adult, preferably from 0.05 to 50 mg, once or several times a day. In the case of parenteral administration such as intravenous administration, it is administered in an amount of from 0.001 to 100 mg per adult, preferably from 0.01 to 10 mg, once a day to several times per day.
- the invention further relates to the use of a pharmaceutical composition provided by the invention for the preparation of a stem cell medicament.
- the stem cell drug refers to a class of therapeutic and/or prophylactic drugs which can prevent diseases caused by cell loss or damage by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in a living body.
- traditional Chinese medicine, growth factors and small molecule compounds can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells in living organisms.
- the stem cells are not particularly limited as long as they are stem cells, including adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells.
- adult stem cells include neural cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and the like.
- embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell type.
- the invention further relates to the use of a pharmaceutical composition provided by the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a cell loss or injury disorder.
- the cell loss or injury disease includes a disease associated with degeneration or damage of the nervous system cells, a blood system disease, a cell loss of the cardiovascular system or an injury disease, and a skin disease.
- the diseases associated with cell degeneration or injury include: (1) diseases of the nervous system: Parkinson s di sease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer s di Sease , AD ) , Huntington s di sease ( HD ), Down's syndrome, cerebrovascular disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, anxiety disorder , depression, bipolar disorder, etc.; (2) Hematological diseases: acute leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, multiple osteosarcoma, malignant histiocytosis, aplastic anemia, marine anemia , paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, myelodysplastic syndrome, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, primary myelofibrosis, etc.; (3) cardiovascular disease: cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, heart failure , subacute endocardi
- FIG. 1 La promotes the proliferation of embryonic stem cells
- Figure 3 Promotion of la on the proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells Fig. 4 Promoting proliferation of rat mesenchymal stem cells Fig. 5 Pharmacodynamic evaluation (water maze results)
- Figure 6 shows the effect of la on nerve cells in AD rats.
- IR V (liquid paraffin) cm- 1 3323, 3212, 1652, 1123.
- the compound 11 of the first embodiment was dissolved in a dichloromethane solution, and the compound 12 mmol was added, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 6 hours, and the solvent was evaporated to dryness.
- Example 6 Preparation (If) 10 mmol of the 11 compound of the first embodiment was dissolved in a dichloromethane solution, 13 compound 10 mmol was added, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 12 hours, and the solvent was evaporated to dryness, and the crystals were recrystallized from ethyl ether. .
- the imidazole lOmmol was dissolved in dichloromethane solution, 8 compound lOmmol was added, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour in a water bath for 2 hours.
- the solvent was added to dryness, and then DMF 30 ml, 2 compound lOmmol was added, and reacted at room temperature for 24 hours, then added CH 3 NCS lOmmol at room temperature. After stirring for 5 hours, the solvent was evaporated to dryness.
- Experimental Example 8 Study on proliferation of embryonic stem cells by small molecule compound la Embryonic stem cells (obtained from fertilized eggs by a conventional method) were cultured in serum-free medium (conventional medium such as DMEM/F12, ⁇ , 1640, etc.), experiment Divided into blank, FGF, neural stem cell proliferator Ia, FGF + neural stem cell proliferative agent la group. After 1-4 days of culture, the cell proliferation was measured by the ATP method using the CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). The ATP method operates according to the kit procedure.
- the height of the histogram indicates the intensity of chemiluminescence, which is proportional to the number of cells. It can be seen that in the presence of the neural stem cell proliferator la, the proliferation of embryonic stem cells is significantly increased, so la promotes embryonic stem cells. The role of proliferation.
- the FGF group, the small molecule compound la group, and the FGF+ small molecule compound la group were detected by the ATP method (the same method as in Example 6).
- the small molecule compounds Ib, Ic, Id, Ie, If, Ig have all been subjected to the above experiments.
- Human neural stem cells (provided by Peking University Stem Cell Research Center according to conventional methods) were mixed with medium (DMEM/F 12 +10% fetal bovine serum + 20 ng/ml EGF, bFGF) into a single cell suspension, inoculated with 2 ⁇ 10 4
- the experimental groups were: medium group control group (no drug group); medium + small molecule compound la group (dosing group).
- MTT 5 mg/ml
- lysate (10% SDS, 0.1% NH 4 C1 ) lOOul was added and incubated overnight. The absorbance was measured at 490 nm.
- the experimental results are shown in Figure 2.
- the height of the histogram indicates the magnitude of the absorbance, and the The number of cells is proportional (the same as the ordinate of the graph of the MTT method, which is not explained).
- the small molecule compound la has a large absorbance, which proves that the number of cells added to the small molecule compound la group is large, thus demonstrating that the small molecule compound la has an effect of promoting proliferation of human neural stem cells.
- Example 11 Promotion of la on proliferation of human and rat mesenchymal stem cells
- Human (rat) mesenchymal stem cells (cell lines obtained according to a conventional method)
- Medium ot-MEM + 10% fetal bovine serum
- the cells were mixed into a single cell suspension and seeded in a 96-well plate at 1 ⁇ 10 4 , and the experiments were divided into: medium control group; medium + small molecule compound la group.
- MTT 5 mg/ml
- lysate (10% SDS, 0.1 l/o NH 4 Cl ) l OOul was added and incubated overnight. The absorbance was measured at 490 nm.
- the small molecule compound la has a promoting proliferation effect on human mesenchymal stem cells.
- Figure 4 The small molecule compound la has a proliferative effect on rat mesenchymal stem cells.
- Small molecule compound la tablets were prepared by weighting the following components in the following weight ratios: Compound la 5 Lactose 62 Potato starch 30 Polyvinyl alcohol 2 Magnesium stearate 1
- Experimental Example 13 Pharmacodynamic evaluation of small molecule compound la in AD rats.
- Establishment of an AD rat model This experiment uses a brain stereotaxic instrument and a microinjection pump to the dorsal cell band of the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus (pre- and posterior 3 ⁇ Omm, the right side is open 2 ⁇ 0 hidden, the subdural 3. 2mm, the incisor hook plane is lower than the interaural plane 2. 4mm) positioning injection polymerization AP 1-40 ( 5ug / ul ) 2ul ( 0 4ul/min, 5min), modeling completed after 2 weeks.
- Real grouping (8-10 per group): saline group (intracerebral injection of normal saline, tail vein injection of DMS0 saline); model group (intracerebral injection of AP I- 40, tail vein injection of DMS0 saline); The middle, low-dose group (intracerebral injection of AP 1-40, tail vein injection of la DMS0 physiological saline solution) and positive drug (positive drug 1: bFGF; positive drug 2: galantamine) control group. Continuous administration for 14 days.
- Morr is water maze:
- the experimental device is a stainless steel circular pool with a height of 60cm and a diameter of 150cm (the bottom of the pool and the wall of the pool are covered with black stickers so that the camera can distinguish the white solid mole in the pool) through the camera.
- the pool Connected to the computer; the pool is divided into four quadrants.
- a platform is placed in the middle of the first quadrant.
- the water depth is about 40cm during the experiment, and the platform is about 2cm below the water surface.
- the water temperature is kept at 22 ⁇ during the experiment.
- the experiment was carried out for 5 days. Each experimental mouse was free to swim in the pool for 2 minutes on the day before the official experiment to adapt to the environment.
- the first 4 days are the navigation test phase.
- the time from the water inlet to the climbing platform is recorded. In order to escape the incubation period and stand on the platform for 10 seconds, the real face lasts for 120 seconds, if 120 seconds later. If the platform is not found, the real mouse is guided to the platform and stands on the platform for 10 seconds.
- Each rat was tested twice a day, and the second time, after 10 minutes from the end of the first time, water was introduced from the first different water inlet point.
- the platform was removed and a space exploration experiment was conducted to record the escape latency, the number of downtimes, and the preference in the quadrant.
- Experimental Example 14 Effect of small molecule compound la on nerve cells in AD rats
- the rats in Example 13 were perfused with brain: Rat anesthesia, 10% chloral hydrate, 0.3 ml/100 g; left ventricular injection of heparin 200ug/kg, cut the right atrial appendage, the left ventricle is first filled with 40ml of normal saline, then the sputum is 300ml4°/.
- Paraformaldehyde hardened to the heart. Take the brain: After the neck is broken, the skull is peeled off, until the olfactory bulb is exposed, and the olfactory bulb is peeled off with a small curved shear. After the optic nerve is cut, it is slowly peeled off and naturally peeled off. The adhesion site is cut open and placed in a 4% paraformaldehyde solution overnight. Then, it is dehydrated with an alcohol gradient, embedded in paraffin, and then sliced and sliced.
- HE staining Dewaxing: Diphenylbenzene, 2 times, 3 min each time. Hydration: Concentration gradient alcohol hydration: 100% ⁇ 95% ⁇ 90% ⁇ 80% - 70%. Each stage is dehydrated for 2 to 3 minutes to remove xylene. Washing: Remove ethanol. Immerse in the hematoxylin stain and stain for 5-10 min. Tap water for dip. Immerse in dilute hydrochloric acid in ethanol to separate the color for a few seconds. Tap water for dip. Immerse in light ammonia water to make the nucleus blue, 3-5 min. Tap water for dip. Dip in Yihong dye solution, stain for 5-10 min, tap water wash.
- the xylene was transparent 3 times, each time lmin.
- the plate was sealed with a neutral resin and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Under light microscopy, the cytoplasm of normal cells was pink and the nucleus was blue-violet.
- the experimental results are shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
- the cell degeneration in the hippocampus of the AD model group was more severe, while the cell degeneration in the hippocampus of the la treatment group was lighter in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, experiments have shown that la has a protective effect on nerve cells and protects the degeneration of nerve cells under exogenous stimulation.
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Description
具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合物及其用途 技术领域
本发明涉及具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合物, 还涉 及该小分子化合物在制备千细胞增殖促进剂及用于制备促进千细 胞增殖的药物中的用途。 本发明还涉及该小分子化合物在制备治 疗细胞丢失或损伤性疾病的药物中的用途。 此外, 本发明进一步 涉及将本发明的小分子化合物施用于有此需要的患者, 进而进行 疾病治疗的方法。 本发明属于医药领域。
背景技术
干细胞是一种具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的原始细 胞, 在特定条件下, 还可以增殖并定向分化成不同的功能细胞。 因此干细胞的研究对生命体各个组织器官的更新及损伤修复, 起 着非常重要的作用,成为许多无法治愈的疾病,特别是细胞及组织 缺失或损伤性疾病的唯一希望。 干细胞包括胚胎干细胞和成体干 细胞。 胚胎干细胞由于伦理问题, 使其应用受到极大的限制; 而 成体干细胞由于可以分化为功能细胞和组织, 为干细胞的广泛应 用提供了基础;为研究哺乳动物早期发育提供了很好的体外模型; 为许多疾病的细胞替代疗法提供了新的细胞来源; 也标志着现代 生物学的发展和新药物的研发进入了新的时代。 因此, 成体干细 胞成为研究的重点。 但正常成年哺乳动物的干细胞数量极少且处 于静息状态, 且分化发育受多种内在机制和微环境因素的影响, 使其自行分化难以形成单一独特的细胞类型;在体外则很难长期、 大量培养, 特别是无血清扩增培养, 无法应用于实际治疗。 目前 为止, 只有少量的成体组织干细胞, 可在体外实现无血清扩增培 养, 但需要加入不同的生长因子、 信号分子等进行遗传调控。 显
然, 自体及体外定向诱导干细胞的增殖和分化, 以产生特定类型 的同源细胞群体需要更有效、选择性更强的细胞培养和诱导技术。
许多疾病的根源都可追溯为功能性细胞的丢失或损伤所致, 而细胞替代疗法是治疗这些疾病的有效方法, 有时甚至是唯一的 方法。 细胞替代疗法分为: 细胞移植和通过药物调节自体干细胞 增殖与定向分化。 干细胞药物就是指可以通过调节生物体内干细 胞的增殖与分化, 来防治由于细胞缺失或损伤而引起的疾病的一 类治疗和预防药物。 近年来发现: 生长因子和小分子化合物均可 调节生物体内干细胞的增殖与分化; 运用干细胞药物来调节自身 干细胞的增殖与定向分化潜能, 以重建受损的功能细胞, 恢复其 生物学功能, 既解决了成体干细胞的来源困难和胚胎干细胞的伦 理困惑问题; 也避免了细胞移植的免疫排斥和手术后遗症问题。 为细胞丢失或损伤性疾病的防治提供崭新的视点和思路。
例如,中枢神经系统疾病一一神经系统退行性或损伤性疾病: 包括帕金森氏病(PD)、 阿尔采末病(AD)、 亨廷顿病(HD)、 药物滥 用、 抑郁症以及脑卒中等, 均是由于神经细胞的缺失和损坏而引 发的疾病。 设法挽救已受损的神经细胞, 并同时刺激该神经细胞 的再生是理想的治疗策略。 目前已有人通过使用神经干细胞移植 来尝试修补受损的细胞, 但是临床上存在移植用神经干细胞、 功 能性细胞无法获得的限制, 以及细胞移植的免疫排斥和手术后遗 症等问题, 使人们不得不关注于通过刺激自体神经干细胞增殖与 分化, 以提供神经细胞进行 "自我更新" 的可能, 进而推动神经 干细胞药物的发明。
虽然生长因子或生物活性蛋白可以最为干细胞药物应用, 但 由于生长因子或生物活性蛋白作为体内的大分子活性物质, 不仅 介入纵横交错的生理过程,在体内呈现极其复杂的多重调控功能,
而且是异源性多肽或蛋白, 可以引发免疫反应, 价格也很昂贵, 很难具有临床治疗和药用价值。 小分子化合物则一直是临床疾病 治疗药物的主体, 而小分子化合物作为干细胞调节药物的潜力也 越来越受到人们的重视。
小分子化合物包括合成小分子化合物和天然小分子化合物 (主要是指植物提取化合物以及中药的有效成分单体) , 相比之 下用小分子化合物药物具有以下特点及优势:
a.小分子化合物调节不仅易于给药又易于在生理功能恢复后 撤出, 对病理和生理过程的调节主动方便。
b.外源性的小分子化合物通常调节作用单一, 不像内源性的 大分子活性物质一样, 介入体内复杂的多重调控系统, 而且易引 发免疫反应。 因而有助于维持正常的机体生理功能。
c小分子化合物易于人工合成及工业化生产, 比内源性的生 物活性大分子有更好的药用价值及临床药物治疗价值。
d.特别是天然小分子化合物由于经过了生物 (植物体)代谢 过程, 其生物适应性特别是毒性更优于合成的小分子化合物。
e.小分子化合物由于分子量小, 易于通过血脑屏障。
因此寻找特异性调节成体干细胞增殖与分化的小分子化合物 不仅是成体干细胞体外增殖与分化的生物学研究热点, 还是创新 药物一一干细胞药物的研究热点。
本发明的目的是提供具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合 物。 该小分子化合物可以作为干细胞增殖促进剂以及用于制备促 进干细胞增殖的药物, 为科研、 临床及药用提供更多的选择。 运 用千细胞药物来调节自身干细胞的增殖与定向分化潜能, 以重建 受损的功能细胞, 恢复其生物学功能, 既解决了成体千细胞的来 源困难和胚胎干细胞的伦理困惑问题, 也避免了细胞移植的免疫
排斥和手术后遗症问题, 为细胞丢失或损伤性疾病的防治提供崭 新的视点和思路。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合 物。 本发明提供的小分子化合物可以作为干细胞增殖促进剂以及 用于制备促进干细胞增殖的药物, 可以应用于临床, 为移植提供 大量干细胞。 本发明提供的小分子化合物能够促进干细胞增殖以 及功能细胞的修复, 而且能够用于千细胞增殖机理的研究。
化合物及其制备方法
[I]
式中, 是氢原子、 低级烷基、 或芳基; R2是氨基、 取代的 氨基、 低级烷基或芳基; X 是杂原子, 如氧原子、 或硫原子; Y 是杂原子, 如氧原子、 或硫原子。
在本发明中,低级烷基是指 C1-C6烷基(具有 1 - 6个碳原子 的烷基) , 包括 CI- C4烷基, 例如甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 或丁基。 芳基包括但不限于苯基或萘基。杂原子一般是指 0、 S、或 N原子, 优选氧原子或硫原子。
以下作为上述通式的优选例子:
本发明还涉及通式 [I]所示小分子化合物的制备方法:
制法 1:
制法 1是通过由化合物 1为起始原料, 环化生成中间产物 3, 然后进行氨基缩硫脲反应制备 IR3 ( R3为氢、 取代芳基) 的方法。
3 I Rl
(式中: 是低级烷基、 芳基; ) 制法 2是以制法 1中的化合物 3为起始原料, 首先进行烷基 化反应,然后通过氨基缩硫脲反应制备通式为 ΙΚ1 ( ^是低级烷基、 芳基) 的化合物的方法。
(式中, 是低级烷基、 芳基; R2是低级烷基、 芳基; ) 制法 3是以制法 2中的化合物 5为起始原料,与化合物 R2NCS 反应制备通式为 I ^ Ri是低级烷基、 芳基; R2是低级烷基、 芳 基) 的化合物的方法。
制法 4:
(式中, 是氢原子、 低级烷基、 芳基; )
制法 4是以制法 1中的化合物 3或制法 2中的化合物 5为起 始原料, 通过与化合物 6反应制备通式为 Ix ( 是氢原子、 低级 烷基、 芳基) 的化合物的方法。
制法 5 :
制法 5是以化合物 7与化合物 8为起始原料, 合成中间产
物 9后再与 2反应,生成化合物 10,在进行与制法 3相似的反应, 制备通式为 2是氨基、 取代的氨基、 低级烷基、 芳基) 的化 合物的方法。
用上述制法 1-5得到的化合物 [I]可用常规方法分离,根据需 要, 可使用常规方法,例如, 重结晶法、 分离用薄层色谱、 柱形色 层分离法等纯化。 另外, 根据需要, 可以盐的形式纯化。
化合物 [I]可用本身公知的方法, 转化为药学上可接受的盐。 增殖剂
本发明还涉及本发明提供的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物在制 备干细胞促增殖剂中的用途。 所述干细胞促增殖剂是指那些在体 内或在体外与干细胞接触时能够促进干细胞增殖的化合物及其组 分。
本发明还涉及作为干细胞促增殖剂的通式 [I]所示化合物。 本发明还涉及通式 [I]所示化合物作为干细胞促增殖剂的用 途。
由于本发明化合物具有前述的功能及特点, 因此本发明化合 物可作为体外培养干细胞的添加剂, 与前述已知技术所使用的大 分子蛋白质不同, 本发明的化合物为分子量较小的小分子物质, 其可以在培养液内较久地维持其特性(大约 7-9天换一次培养基 即可) 。 另外, 本领域的技术人员, 通过阅读本发明说明书后也 可得知,本发明化合物可进一步包含生长因子, 用于培养干细胞, 以促进其增生。 这对于干细胞的研究是一个更好的且新兴的试验 用无血清的细胞培养添加剂。
在上述用途中,所述干细胞促增殖剂以本发明提供的通式 [I] 所示小分子化合物作为活性成分。 本发明提供的干细胞促增殖剂 可以单独含有本发明提供的小分子化合物, 或者是本发明提供的
小分子化合物与其他任意具有促进干细胞增殖作用的有效成份的 混合物。
本发明的干细胞促增殖剂可以用于干细胞的增殖方法中, 该 方法的特征在于, 通过该小分子化合物与干细胞接触, 促进干细 胞的增殖。 当在体外使用本发明提供的干细胞增殖剂的场合, 优 选将本发明提供的小分子化合物溶解于能够溶解该物质的溶液中 之后, 提供使用。 作为该溶液, 可列举出水、 DMS0等。
对干细胞无特殊限定, 只要是干细胞即可, 包括成体干细胞 和胚胎干细胞。 其中胚胎干细胞作为全能性细胞, 可以分化为任 何细胞类型。 成体干细胞包括神经干细胞、 间充质干细胞、 造血 干细胞等。
由本发明提供的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物制备的干细胞促 增殖剂可以直接给药, 不过希望将其作为常规的各种药剂提供使 用, 而且这些药剂可以用于动物或人。
对干细胞无特殊限定, 只要是干细胞即可, 包括成体干细胞 和胚胎干细胞。其中成体干细胞包括神经干细胞、 间充质干细胞、 造血干细胞等。 胚胎干细胞作为全能性细胞, 可以分化为任何细 胞类型。
在上述用途中,所述干细胞促增殖剂以本发明提供的通式 [I] 所示小分子化合物作为活性成分。 本发明提供的干细胞促增殖剂 可以单独含有本发明提供的小分子化合物, 或者是本发明提供的 小分子化合物与其他任意具有促进干细胞增殖作用的有效成份的 混合物。 这些药剂可以按照与上述的促进干细胞增殖药的制剂同 样的方法来制备, 也可以按照同样的给药方法来给药。
本发明的干细胞促增殖剂可以用于干细胞的增殖方法中, 该 方法的特征在于, 通过该小分子化合物与干细胞接触, 促进干细
胞的增殖。 当在体外使用本发明提供的干细胞增殖剂的场合, 优 选将本发明提供的小分子化合物溶解于能够溶解该物质的溶液中 之后, 提供使用。 作为该溶液, 可列举出水、 DMS0等。
方法
本发明还涉及一种干细胞的促进增殖方法, 其特征在于, 用 本发明提供的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物促进干细胞的增殖。
本发明还涉及一种干细胞的促进增殖方法, 其特征在于, 将 本发明提供的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物与干细胞接触。
本发明的上述方法可以在体内或者体外进行。
本发明还涉及将通式 [I]所示小分子化合物施用到有此需要 的患者的疾病治疗方法。
其中, 有此需要的患者可以是患有下述疾病的患者: 细胞丢 失或损伤性疾病选自与神经系统细胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾 病、 血液系统疾病、 心血管系统细胞丢失性或损伤性疾病、 皮肤 疾病。
具体地, 其中有此需要的患者可是患有下述疾病的患者: 所 述疾病选自与神经系统细胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾病选自帕金 森氏病、 阿尔采末病、 亨廷顿病、 唐氏症、 脑血管障碍、 脑中风、 脊髄损伤、 多发性硬化症、 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、 癫痫、 焦虑性 障碍、 抑郁症、 躁郁症; 血液系统疾病选自再生障碍性贫血、 地 中海贫血症、 白血病、 恶性肿瘤放化疗后引起的造血系统及免疫 系统功能障碍;心血管系统细胞丢失性或损伤性疾病选自心肌病、 冠心病、 心力衰竭、 亚急性心内膜炎、 急性心肌梗死、 心绞痛、 缺血性心脏病; 皮肤疾病是皮肤烧伤。
本发明还提供一种培养干细胞的方法, 包括在本发明化合物 存在的情况下, 培养干细胞。
在一个实施方案中, 在本发明所述的干细胞促增殖剂存在的 情况下, 培养获得的干细胞。
可以在存在本发明所述的干细胞促增殖剂的情况下, 通过培 养动物的干细胞有效的促进干细胞的增殖。 动物的干细胞可以是 任一种动物的干细胞, 优选是哺乳动物, 更优选是由大鼠、 小鼠、 猴子、 人得来的干细胞。 作为干细胞, 可列举出由大脑得来的神 经干细胞、 造血干细胞、 间充质干细胞等, 优选是神经干细胞。 神经干细胞可以是由任何周龄或任何年龄的动物得来的细胞, 但 优选是成体干细胞。 本发明的干细胞可以包括人胚胎干细胞, 或 者在另一个实施方式中, 本发明的干细胞包括人胚胎干细胞。
作为由动物取得成年神经干细胞的方法,可列举出下述方法, 即, 取大鼠 SVZ区组织细胞, 分离培养大鼠神经干细胞。
本发明的干细胞促增殖剂存在下培养神经干细胞时, 相对于
2 χ 104个 /ml 左右的神经干细胞, 优选该神经干细胞促增殖剂浓 度作用范围在 lnmo l /ml - 100umo l /ml。通过使神经干细胞与本发 明的神经干细胞促增殖剂接触,在 37 下和 5% C02气体中,于 2 ~ 7天内每 3天一次更换全部或部分培养基进行培养, 这样可以促 进神经干细胞的增殖。
作为用于培养成年神经干细胞的培养基, 只要是不妨碍促进 神经干细胞增殖的培养基, 任一种培养基都可以使用, 但优先选 用 DMEM/F12培养基等。
按上述培养方法获得的神经干细胞可以从培养基中回收, 通 过外科手术将其移植到神经疾病患者的障碍部位, 即可用于治疗 该神经疾病。 作为该神经疾病, 可列举出: 帕金森氏病、 阿尔采 末病、 唐氏症、 脑血管障碍、 脑中风、 脊髓损伤、 亨廷顿氏病、 多发性硬化症、 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、 癫痫、 焦虑性障碍、 综合
-I I -
失调症、 抑郁症和躁郁症等。
组合物及其医药用途
已知小分子化合物较易通过血脑屏障而到达脑细胞, 目前美 国食品及药物管理局 ( Food and Drug Admini s trat ion, FDA ) 正积极进行关于人体干细胞移植治疗方式的认可, 而本发明化合 物中所包含的小分子化合物, 且其可在无血清、 低细胞密度的情 况下促进干细胞生存, 由于本发明化合物具有这些特性, 本发明 的技术人员, 也可通过阅读前述的说明而了解到, 本发明化合物 可进一步通过已知的技术开发成为一医药化合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种药物組合物,含有通式 [I]所示 小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 异构体或水合物。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以只含有治疗有效量的通式 [I] 所示小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 异构体或水合物。 或 者, 本发明提供的药物组合物也可以含有治疗有效量的通式 [I] 所示小分子化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 异构体或水合物及药 学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。 或者本发明提供的药物组合物可 以含有治疗有效量的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物或其药学上可接 受的盐、 异构体或水合物, 用于治疗的其他的有效成分及药学上 可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的通式 [I]所 示小分子化合物及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 la及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 lb及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合
物 Ic及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 Id及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 Ie及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 If 及药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 Ig及药学上可以接受的栽体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物可以含有治疗有效量的小分子化合 物 Ia、 Ib、 Ic、 Id、 Ie、 If、 Ig中一种或者多种的组合, 以及药 学上可以接受的栽体或赋形剂。
本发明提供的药物组合物制剂剂型包括药学上可以接受的任 何剂型。 可以通过将活性成分与可药用的一种或更多的载体一起 混合, 按照制剂学技术领域公知的任意方法来制备。
作为给药途径, 希望使用在治疗时最有效的途径, 例如可列 举出口服或静脉内给药等非口服途径。
作为给药剂型的例子, 可列举出片剂、 散剂、 颗粒剂、 糖浆 剂、 注射剂等。
作为适合于口服给药的例如糖浆剂之类的液体制剂, 可以通 过使用下述物质来制备, 所说物质包括: 水、 蔗糖、 山梨糖醇、 果糖等的糖类; 聚乙二醇、 丙二醇等醇类; 芝麻油、 橄榄油、 大 豆油等的油类; 对羟基苯甲酸酯类等防腐剂; 草莓香精、 薄荷等 香料类等。 另外, 片剂、 散剂和颗粒剂等可以通过使用下述物质 来制备, 所说物质包括: 乳糖、 葡萄糖、 蔗糖、 甘露糖醇等赋形 剂; 淀粉、 海藻酸钠等崩解剂; 硬脂酸镁、 滑石等润滑剂; 聚乙
烯醇、 羟丙基纤维素、 明胶等粘合剂; 脂肪酸酯等表面活性剂; 甘油等增塑剂等。
适合于非口服给药的制剂优选使用含有与接受者的血液等渗 的活性化合物的灭菌水性剂来制备。 例如, 在注射剂的场合, 可 以使用由盐溶液、 葡萄糖溶液或者盐水与葡萄糖溶液的混合物组 成的载体等来配制注射用的溶液。
另外, 即使在非口服剂的场合, 也可以添加选自在描述口服 剂时例示的稀释剂、 防腐剂、 香料剂、 赋形剂、 崩解剂、 润滑剂、 粘合剂、 表面活性剂、 增塑剂等之中的一种或多种辅助成分。
本发明提供的通式 [I]所示小分子化合物的给药量和给药次 数可根据给药的剂型、 患者的年龄、 体重、 应予治疗的症状的性 质和严重程度的不同而异, 但是在通常口服的场合, 按照成人每 人 0. 01mg ~ lg, 优选 0. 05 ~ 50mg的给药量, 每天一次至数次给 药。在静脉内给药等的非口服给药的场合,按照成人每人 0. 001 - lOOmg, 优选 0. 01 ~ 10mg的给药量, 每天一次至数次给药。
本发明还涉及本发明提供的药物组合物在制备干细胞药物中 的用途。 所述干细胞药物是指可以通过调节生物体内干细胞的增 殖与分化, 来防治由于细胞缺失或损伤而引起的疾病的一类治疗 和 /或预防药物。 近年来发现: 运用中药、 生长因子和小分子化合 物均可调节生物体内干细胞的增殖与分化。
对干细胞无特殊限定, 只要是干细胞即可, 包括成体干细胞 和胚胎干细胞。其中成体干细胞包括神经千细胞、 间充质干细胞、 造血干细胞等。 胚胎干细胞作为全能性细胞, 可以分化为任何细 胞类型。
本发明还涉及本发明提供的药物组合物在制备治疗细胞丢失 或损伤性疾病的药物中的用途。
在本发明所述用途中, 所述细胞丢失或损伤性疾病包括与神 经系统细胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾病、 血液系统疾病、 心血管 系统细胞丢失性或损伤性疾病、 皮肤疾病。
在本发明所述用途中, 所述与细胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾 病包括: (1)神经系统疾病: 帕金森氏病(Parkinson s di sease, PD ) 、 阿尔釆末病 (Alzheimer s di sease , AD ) 、 亨廷顿病 ( Hunt ington s di sease, HD )、 唐氏症、 脑血管障碍、 脑中风、 脊髓损伤、 多发性硬化症、 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、 癞痫、 焦虑性 障碍、 抑郁症、 躁郁症等; (2)血液系统疾病: 急性白血病、 慢性 粒细胞白血病、 慢性淋巴细胞白血病、 淋巴瘤、 多发性骨髄瘤、 恶性组织细胞病、 再生障碍性贫血、 海洋性贫血、 阵发性睡眠性 血红蛋白尿、 骨髓增生异常综合征、 真性红细胞增多症、 原发性 血小板增多症、 原发性骨髓纤维症等; (3)心血管疾病: 心肌病、 冠心病、 心力衰竭、 亚急性心内膜炎、 急性心肌梗死、 心绞痛、 缺血性心脏病等; (4)外科疾病: 多器官功能不全综合症、 骨折不 愈合、 烧伤、 骨缺损、 颅脑手术后遗症、 眼角膜损伤等; (5)自身 免疫系统疾病: 系统性红斑狼疮、 类风湿性关节炎、 干燥综合症、 皮肌炎、 重症肌无力、 多发性硬化、 获得性免疫缺陷综合症等; 及其他系统与细胞丢失或损伤有关的疾病, 这里不一一列举。
本发明的任何方法均可以是在体内进行或者可以在体外进 行。 附图说明
图 1 : la对胚胎干细胞增殖的促进作用
图 2: la对人的神经干细胞增殖的促进作用
图 3: la对人间充质干细胞增殖的促进作用
图 4 la对大鼠间充质干细胞增殖的促进作用 图 5 药效学评价(水迷宫结果)
图 6 la对 AD大鼠体内神经细胞的作用 具体实施方式
下面, 列举实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明, 但本发明并 不限于这些实施例。
实施例 1: 4- (4- (5-mercapto-l, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-yl) phenyl) thiosemicarbazide的制备 ( la )
路线一: 将 0. 76g ( 0. 005M )对氨基苯甲酰肼( 2 )溶于 30ml 甲醇中, 加入 K0H水溶液( 0. 005M ) , CS2 0. 3ml ( 0. 005M ) , 加 热回流, 24h后旋干曱醇, 加入约 30ml水, 用 6N盐酸酸化, 抽 滤, 乙醚洗涤, 干燥, 得产物 2-巯基- 5-对氨基苯基 -1, 3, 4-噁二 唑( 3 ) ; 将 3化合物 579mg, 溶于 20ml甲醇, 加入 KOH 168mg, CS2 0. 2ml , 室温反应 4h, 过滤, 真空旋干甲醇, 加入四氢呋喃 10ml , 对入曱苯磺酰氯 266mg, 室温反应 lh 后, 加入水合肼 ( 0. 19ml ), 室温过夜,抽滤, 乙醇重结晶, 干燥,得产物 160mg, 产率 20%。
路线一(合成路线图) :
路线二:
IR v (液体石蜡) cnf1: 3320, 3212, 1810, 1596, 1292。 1H-NMR ( DMSO ) δ (ppm) :
2.0 ( 3H, s ), 3.0 ( 1H, s ), 4.0 ( 1H, s ), 6.52 ( 2H, d ), 7.23 (2H, d) 。
实施例 2: 4-(4-(5-(methylthio)-l, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-yl) phenyl) thiosemicarbazide的制备 ( lb )
将实施例 1 中的 3化合物 1.5 mmol和 1.5 mmolKOH溶解于 11 mL 无水曱醇中。 室温下搅拌 lOmin, 加入 CH3I, 继续室温搅 拌 4h。 过滤, 得白色固体, 5% Na2C03 洗涤, 真空干燥, 乙醇重 结晶, 干燥, 得产物 2-巯甲基 -5-对氨基苯基 -1, 3, 4-噁二唑(5 化合物); 将 5化合物 579mg, 溶于 20ml甲醇, 加入 K0H168mg, CS2 0.2ml, 室温反应 4h, 过滤, 真空旋干甲醇, 加入四氢呋喃
10ml, 对入甲苯磺酰氯 266mg, 室温反应 lh 后, 加入水合肼 ( 0.19ml ) , 室温过夜,抽滤, 乙醇重结晶, 干燥,得产物 350mg, 产率 45%。
IR V (液体石蜡) cm—1: 3323, 3212, 1652, 1123。
1H-NMR ( DMS0 ) δ (ppm) :
2.0 ( 3H , s) , 2.47 ( 3H , s ) , 4, 0 ( 1H , s) , 6.52(2H, d),7.23(2H,d)
实 施 例 3 : l-methyl-3- (4- (5- (methylthio) -1, 3, 4-oxadiazol
将实施例 2 中的 5化合物 1.5mmol溶解于 20 mL 无水曱醇 中, 加入 CH3NCS1.5mmol, 室温下搅拌 5小时, 旋干溶剂, 乙醇重 结晶, 干燥, 得产物 Ic350mg, 产率 83%。
IR V (液体石蜡) cm—1: 3313, 3259, 1762, 1232。
1H-NMR ( DMS0 ) δ (ppm) :
2· 0 ( 1H , s) , 2.47 ( 6H , s ) , 4.0 ( 1H , s ) , 6.52(2Η, d), 7.23(2H,d)
实 施 例 4 :
4- (4- (5-mercapto-l, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-yl) phenyl)
将实施例 1中的 3化合物 965mg, 溶于 20ml甲醇, 加入 K0H
168mg, CS2 0.2ml, 室温反应 4h, 过滤, 真空旋干曱醇, 加入四 氢呋喃 10ml, 对入氯曱酸乙酯 1.08g, 室温反应 lh后, 加入水合 肼( 0.19ml ),室温过夜,抽滤, 乙醇重结晶,干燥,得产物 452mg, 产率 36%。
IR V (液体石蜡) cm 1: 3320, 3212, 1632, 1292。
1H-NMR ( DMS0 ) δ ( ppm ) :
将实施例一路线二的 11化合物 lOmmol溶于二氯甲烷溶液中, 加入 12化合物 lOmmol, 加热回流反应 6小时, 旋干溶剂, 乙醇 重结晶, 干燥, 得产物 Ie3. lg, 产率 82%。
1H-NMR ( DMS0 ) δ (ppm) :
2.0 (1H), 3.0 ( 1H) , 4.0 (2Η) , 活泼氢; 6.5 (4Η, d) , 7.2 ( 4Η, d)
实施例 6: 的制备( If)
将实施例一路线二的 11化合物 lOmmol溶于二氯曱烷溶液中, 加入 13化合物 lOmmol, 加热回流反应 12小时, 旋干溶剂, 乙醇 重结晶, 干燥, 得产物 If2.6g, 产率 70%。
1H-NMR ( DMS0 ) δ (ppm) :
2.0 (1H), 3.0 ( 1H) , 3.8 ( 3H, s ) 4.0 ( 2H ) , 活泼氢; 6.5 (4H,d), 6.7 ( 2H, d) , 7.2 ( 2H, d)
实 施例 7 : l-methyl-3- (4-(5-oxo-4, 5-dihydro-l, 3, 4 一 oxadiazol-2-yl) phenyl) thiourea的制备 ( Ig ) :
将咪唑 lOmmol溶于二氯曱烷溶液中,加入 8化合物 lOmmol, 水浴反应 1小时后室温 2小时,旋干溶剂后加入 DMF30ml, 2化合 物 lOmmol, 室温反应 24小时后加入 CH3NCS lOmmol, 室温下搅拌 5 小时, 旋干溶剂, 乙醇重结晶, 干燥, 得产物 Igl.4g, 产率 57%。
IR V (液体石蜡) cm1: 3115, 1821, 1662, 1189。
1H-NM ( DMS0 ) δ ( ppm ) :
2.0 (1H, s), 2· 47 ( 3H, s ) , 4.0 ( 1H, s ) , 6.5 (2H, d), 7.0 ( 1H, s) , 7.4 (2H, d)
实验例 8: 小分子化合物 la对胚胎干细胞增殖作用的研究 胚胎干细胞(按常规方法从受精卵获得)培养于无血清培养 基(常规培养基, 如 DMEM/F12, αΜΕΜ, 1640等) 中, 实验分为 空白、 FGF、 神经干细胞促增殖剂 Ia、 FGF+神经干细胞促增殖剂 la 组。 培养 1-4 天后采用试剂盒 CellTiter-Glo®Luminescent Cell Viability Assay ( Promega ) 用 ATP法检测细胞增殖。 ATP 法按照该试剂盒操作步骤操作。
如图 1所示, 柱状图的高度表示化学发光强度, 与细胞数成 正比, 由此可以看出, 在神经干细胞促增殖剂 la存在下, 胚胎干 细胞增殖显著增加, 因此 la对胚胎干细胞具有促进增殖的作用。
实验例 9: 小分子化合物 la促进大鼠神经干细胞增殖的研究
将大鼠神经干细胞培养于无血清培养基中,实验分为空白组、
FGF组、 小分子化合物 la组、 FGF+小分子化合物 la组, 用 ATP 法 (同实施例 6的方法)进行检测。 小分子化合物 Ib、 Ic、 Id、 Ie、 If、 Ig均做了上述实验,
实验结果如下表所示, 发现小分子化合物 Ia、 Ib、 Ic、 Id, Ie、 If、 Ig对大鼠神经干细胞具有促进增殖的作用。
表: 小分子化合物 Ua-e)对大鼠成体神经干细胞增殖的促 进作用
将人的神经干细胞(北京大学干细胞研究中心按常规方法提 供) 用培养基 (DMEM/F12+10%胎牛血清 +20ng/mlEGF、 bFGF ) 配成 单细胞悬液, 以 2 χ 104接种于 96孔板, 实验分组为: 培养基组 对照组 (不加药组) ; 培养基 +小分子化合物 la组 (加药组) 。 培养 4 天后加入 MTT ( 5mg/ml ) lOul, 孵育 4h 后加入裂解液 ( 10%SDS, 0.1%NH4C1 ) lOOul, 孵育过夜。 在 490nm测光吸收值。
实验结果如图 2所示, 柱状图高度表示吸光度的大小, 与细
胞个数成正比(以下 MTT法的图纵坐标表示一样, 不 解释)。 小分子化合物 la吸光度大, 证明加入小分子化合物 la组细胞数 量多,因此证明小分子化合物 la对人的神经干细胞具有促进增殖 的作用。
实施例 11 : la对人、 大鼠间充质干细胞增殖的促进作用 将人(大鼠) 间充质干细胞(按照常规方法获得的细胞系) 用培养基 ( ot -MEM+10%胎牛血清) 配成单细胞悬液, 以 1 X 104接 种于 96孔板, 实验分組为: 培养基对照组; 培养基 +小分子化合 物 la组。 培养 2天后加入 MTT ( 5mg/ml ) 10ul, 孵育 4h后加入 裂解液(10%SDS, 0. l°/oNH4Cl ) l OOul , 孵育过夜。 在 490nm测光 吸收值。
实验结果: 如图 3所示, 小分子化合物 la对人间充质干细胞 具有促进增殖的作用。如图 4所示: 小分子化合物 la对大鼠间充 质干细胞具有促进增殖的作用。
实验例 12 : 制剂
实施例 (1): la注射剂
称取小分子化合物 la 9mg, 溶解于 1. 8mlDMS0溶液中, 溶解 后, 用注射用生理盐水 500ml, 搅拌混匀, 用 5号砂芯漏斗过滤, 分装, 100 热压灭菌 30分钟,检漏,质检,包装,即得 90ug/5ml / 支安培, 共 100支。
实施例 (2): la片剂
通过将以下组分按下述重量配比来制备小分子化合物 la片剂: 化合物 la 5 乳糖 62 马铃薯淀粉 30 聚乙烯醇 2 硬脂酸镁 1
将化合物 la细粉、 乳糖、 马铃薯淀粉混合均勾, 另取聚乙烯
醇配成 50%水溶液, 按上述质量配比加入混合粉末中, 混合均匀, 通过 20目筛制成湿粒, 60Ό沸腾干燥。 用整粒机对经以上工序 获得的 la颗粒进行整粒, 以得到 80-12 目的 la颗粒。 按重量配 比称取过 60目以上筛的硬脂酸镁, 与以上工序获得的 la颗粒混 合 5分钟, 以保证其均勾性。 在压片机上用 la总混粉进行压片, 硬度要达到 lkg 以上, 偏重差异控制在 ± 5%以内, 规格为 10mg/ 片; 根据质量和市场要求对所得的 la进行分装。
实验例 13: 小分子化合物 la在 AD大鼠体内的药效学评价 建立 AD大鼠模型:本实验利用脑立体定位仪和微量注射泵向 大鼠海马齿状回背侧细胞带(前囟后 3· Omm, 右侧旁开 2· 0隱, 硬 脑膜下 3. 2mm, 门齿钩平面低于耳间线平面 2. 4mm )定位注射聚合 态的 A P 1-40 ( 5ug/ul ) 2ul ( 0. 4ul/min, 5min ) , 2周后建模完 成。
实猃分组(每组 8-10只): 生理盐水组(脑内注射生理盐水, 尾静脉注射 DMS0生理盐水) ; 模型组(脑内注射 A P I- 40, 尾静 脉注射 DMS0生理盐水) ; 高、 中、 低剂量给药组(脑内注射 A P 1-40, 尾静脉注射 la的 DMS0生理盐水溶液)及阳性药物 (阳性 药物 1: bFGF; 阳性药物 2: 加兰他敏)对照組。 连续给药 14天。
药效学实检: Morr i s水迷宫: 实验装置为一高度 60cm、 直径 150cm 的不锈钢圆形水池(水池底和水池壁都用黑色贴纸覆盖以 便摄像机分辨出水池中的白色实猃鼠)通过摄像机与电脑连接; 水池分四个象限, 在第一象限正中处放一个平台, 实验时水深约 40cm, 平台低于水面约 2cm, 实验时使水温保持在 22 ± 。 每次 实验鼠分别从 4个不同的入水点入水, 摄像机记录数猃鼠游泳的 轨迹, 通过图像处理软件分析实猃结果。 实猃共进行 5天, 在正 式实验前一天每只实验鼠在水池中自由游泳 2分钟以适应环境。
前 4天为定位航行实验阶段, 实验时记录实验鼠从入水至爬上平 台的时间, 为逃避潜伏期, 并使其在平台站立 10秒, 每次实脸持 续大鼠 120秒, 若 120秒后未找到平台, 便引导实猃鼠至平台并 在平台上站立 10秒。每只大鼠每天检测两次, 第 2次在第一次结 束 10分钟后从与第一次不同入水点入水。 第五天撤去平台,进行 空间探索实验, 记录实猃动物的逃避潜伏期、 垮台次数及在象限 偏好性等, 进行比较。
实验结果图 5表明: 在原站台停留时间越长证明学习记忆能 力越好。 给药组及阳性药物组均有所提高, 证明小分子化合物 la 对 AD的症状有所改善。
实验例 14: 小分子化合物 la对 AD大鼠体内神经细胞的作用 将实施例 13中的大鼠, 灌流取脑: 大鼠麻醉, 10%水合氯醛, 0. 3ml/100g; 左心室注射肝素 200ug/kg, 剪开右心耳, 左心室先 灌 40ml生理盐水, 后璀 300ml4°/。多聚甲醛, 至心脏变硬。 取脑: 断颈后, 剥开头骨, 至嗅球露出, 用小弯剪从嗅球剥落, 剪断视 神经后, 慢慢剥至自然脱落, 粘连部位剪开, 放入 4%多聚甲醛溶 液中过夜。 然后用酒精梯度脱水后进行石蜡包埋, 然后进行切片、 捞片。
HE染色: 脱蜡: 二曱苯, 2次, 每次 3min。 水化: 降浓度梯 度酒精水化: 100%→95%→90%→80%— 70%。 每级脱水 2 ~ 3分钟 以除二甲苯。 水洗: 去除乙醇。 浸入苏木精染液, 染色 5- 10min。 自来水浸洗。 浸入稀盐酸乙醇溶液进行分色, 数秒钟即可。 自来 水浸洗。 浸入淡氨水中, 使细胞核蓝化, 3-5min。 自来水浸洗。 浸入伊红染液, 染色 5- 10min, 自来水浸洗。 经酒精逐级脱水后 二甲苯透明 3次, 每次 lmin。 用中性树脂封片, 在荧光显微镜下 观察。
光镜下观察, 正常细胞细胞质呈粉红色, 细胞核呈蓝紫色。 实验结果如图 6, 图 7所示: AD模型组海马区细胞变性比较厉 害, 而 la治疗组海马区细胞变性要轻一些, 且呈剂量依赖关系。 因此, 实验证明 la对神经细胞有保护作用, 保护了神经细胞在外 源性刺激下的变性。
Claims
[I]
式中, 是氢原子、 低级烷基(优选 C1-C4烷基, 如曱基、 乙基)、 或芳基; R2是氨基、 取代的氨基、 氢原子、 低级烷基(优 选 C1-C4烷基, 如甲基、 乙基)或芳基; X是杂原子, 如氧原子 或硫原子; Y是杂原子, 如氧原子或硫原子。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的化合物, 其中通式 [I]的化合物是下 述化合物 ( 1 ) - ( 7 ) 中的任一个:
3. 合成权利要求 1或 2的化合物的方法, 其按照说明书中合 成路线进行。
4. 权利要求 1或 2所述的化合物在制备具有促进干细胞增殖 作用的药物、或者干细胞增殖促进剂、或者干细胞药物中的用途。
5. 权利要求 4所述的用途, 其中, 所述干细胞选自成体干细 胞和胚胎干细胞, 其中成体干细胞可包括神经干细胞、 间充质干 细胞、 造血干细胞等。
6. 促进干细胞增殖的方法, 包括将权利要求 1或 2的化合物 与干细胞接触, 例如, 该方法包括在培养基中添加权利要求 1或 2的化合物促进培养的千细胞增殖。
7. 一种药物组合物, 含有权利要求 1或 2的化合物或其药学 上可接受的盐、 异构体或水合物。
8. 权利要求 1或 2的化合物或者权利要求 7所述的组合物在 制备治疗细胞丢失或损伤性疾病的药物中的用途。
9. 权利要求 8所述的用途, 其特征在于: 细胞丢失或损伤性 疾病选自与神经系统细胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾病、 血液系统 疾病、 心血管系统细胞丢失性或损伤性疾病、 皮肤疾病。
10. 权利要求 9所述的用途, 其特征在于: 所述与神经系统细 胞退行性或损伤性有关的疾病选自帕金森氏病、 阿尔采末病、 亨 廷顿病、 唐氏症、 脑血管障碍、 脑中风、 脊髄损伤、 多发性硬化 症、 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、 癫痫、 焦虑性障碍、 抑郁症、 躁郁症; 所述血液系统疾病选自再生障碍性贫血、地中海贫血症、 白血病、 恶性肿瘤放化疗后引起的造血系统及免疫系统功能障碍; 所述心 血管系统细胞丢失性或损伤性疾病选自心肌病、 冠心病、 心力衰
竭、 亚急性心内膜炎、 急性心肌梗死、 心绞痛、 缺血性心脏病; 所述皮肤疾病是皮肤烧伤。
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| WO1997045111A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-04 | Neurosearch A/S | Phenyl derivatives useful as blockers of chloride channels |
| WO2003093250A2 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-13 | Pharmacia & Upjohn Company | Positive allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
| WO2005092843A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-06 | Neurosearch A/S | Novel urea derivatives and their medical use |
| CN101519385A (zh) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | 北京师范大学 | 具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合物及其用途 |
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| JPH0784349A (ja) * | 1993-07-19 | 1995-03-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀カラー写真感光材料及びその処理方法 |
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| WO1997045111A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-04 | Neurosearch A/S | Phenyl derivatives useful as blockers of chloride channels |
| WO2003093250A2 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-13 | Pharmacia & Upjohn Company | Positive allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
| WO2005092843A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-06 | Neurosearch A/S | Novel urea derivatives and their medical use |
| CN101519385A (zh) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | 北京师范大学 | 具有促进干细胞增殖作用的小分子化合物及其用途 |
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