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WO2010124302A2 - Outil d'annotation collaboratif accessible par réseau - Google Patents

Outil d'annotation collaboratif accessible par réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010124302A2
WO2010124302A2 PCT/US2010/032466 US2010032466W WO2010124302A2 WO 2010124302 A2 WO2010124302 A2 WO 2010124302A2 US 2010032466 W US2010032466 W US 2010032466W WO 2010124302 A2 WO2010124302 A2 WO 2010124302A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
suggestion
user
content
text
suggestions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2010/032466
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010124302A3 (fr
Inventor
Sam Neff
Raymond Galang
P. Sundararajan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Globalenglish Corp
Original Assignee
Globalenglish Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Globalenglish Corp filed Critical Globalenglish Corp
Priority to CN2010800287815A priority Critical patent/CN102460413A/zh
Priority to BRPI1011840A priority patent/BRPI1011840A2/pt
Publication of WO2010124302A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010124302A2/fr
Publication of WO2010124302A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010124302A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/958—Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
    • G06F16/972—Access to data in other repository systems, e.g. legacy data or dynamic Web page generation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/166—Editing, e.g. inserting or deleting
    • G06F40/169—Annotation, e.g. comment data or footnotes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of information networks, and more specifically to techniques of developing, providing, and sharing content in a social networking community, especially one which provides an immersive, collaborative environment for learning.
  • the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) have brought about significant changes in how information is exchanged.
  • the Internet has been referred to as the "information superhighway" and has facilitated rapid dissemination of information to large numbers of people in the United States and around the world.
  • Through the Web users can more easily "publish” or otherwise make available to others many different kinds of information and content, such as through hyperlinked pages.
  • This information includes, naming a few examples, newspaper articles, scientific papers, literary texts, business articles, social commentaries, political commentaries, and entertainment columns.
  • the Internet continues to evolve and advance.
  • the Web facilitates more than just people retrieving information from institutional sources.
  • Information is being democratized through new sources and ways of presenting information such as web logs or blogs, wikis, podcasts, forums, and on-line social communities.
  • the result is a more socially connected community where people are able to publish, add, and edit content.
  • a network-accessible toolbox permits collaborative annotation, facilitating interaction and communication among users.
  • content on a Web page, or other page or document accessible through a network or the Internet can be annotated.
  • a user can view the page and with the toolbox, select content on the page and make an annotation or suggestion. Multiple users can view and make annotations to the same page at the same time. After annotations are made, users can view the page with annotations made by other users.
  • the author or owner of the page can accept or reject the annotations or suggestions made to the page. If the owner accepts a particular suggestion, the selected content is replaced with the suggestion.
  • a Web-based toolbox or other network-accessible toolbox includes a tool for selecting a portion of content on the page and making a suggestion to the selected content. Other users can view the suggestion, the selected content, and the content. The content author or provider can accept or reject the suggestion. If the suggestion is accepted the selected content is replaced with the suggestion.
  • the suggestions are stored in a separate location from the page (e.g., separate file or separate database).
  • the system includes a toolbox program or application that aids in on-line English education.
  • the toolbox includes a suggestion tool (e.g., option or application).
  • the suggestion tool may be used, for example, to suggest spelling, grammar, or punctuation edits on any typewritten text on any Web page such as Web pages on EnglishCafe.com.
  • EnglishCafe serves a community focused on English learning.
  • EnglishCafe may be associated with an e-learning site (e.g., GlobalEnglish) that has on-line courses for teaching students English.
  • e-learning site e.g., GlobalEnglish
  • Each student at the e-learning site may be given the opportunity to join the EnglishCafe community site, where each student can create their own pages for others to view.
  • Community members need not necessarily be teachers or users associated with the e-learning site.
  • a suggestion is received by a blog owner, the blog owner may either approve the suggestion or discard the suggestion.
  • the suggestion may be submitted by simply selecting the text that the user feels can be improved. Examples of users who may access one or more options of the toolbox program include EnglishCafe users, authenticated EnglishCafe users and anonymous users.
  • the toolbox is used to give a corrective suggestion to a blog post.
  • the toolbox is user- friendly and easily accessible for all the users.
  • toolbox is accessed through the EnglishCafe.com website. When an EnglishCafe user logs into the Web site, the user is connected to the EnglishCafe server. When the toolbox is accessed, whatever data entered is saved in the database server and is retrieved from it. These data will be reflected in "suggestion given" and "suggestion received" sections of the blog or Web site.
  • the toolbox is not a stand-alone single user system component.
  • the toolbox includes five components.
  • the five components include make a suggestion, translate it, hear it, copy, and quote.
  • Authenticated users can avail all the above services provided by the toolbox.
  • the anonymous users can only avail the services of "translate it,” “hear it,” and “copy” the text of the blog post.
  • the make a suggestion component is used to give a suggestion to the blog owner an alternative way that they could have expressed themselves.
  • the translate it component is used to translate a particular text of the blog to the desired language of the user. There are some pre-populated languages that have been set in the toolbox which can be used to translate.
  • the hear it component is used to hear a particular text of the blog in the desired voice that has been selected.
  • the copy component is used to copy a particular text of the blog and use it for reference.
  • the quote component is used to comment on a particular text of the blog instead of the normal comment to the entire blog.
  • comments made using the suggestion tool can replace the text that is selected, after approval by the blog writer. Such an approach is not simply for commenting but also for suggesting and correcting.
  • the tool allows for an explanation of suggestion.
  • the tool allows for multiple suggestions on the same text.
  • the tool allows not only suggestions, but additionally a translate it feature, hear it feature, copy it feature, and quote it feature, in any combination.
  • a method of annotating a document includes allowing a first user to access the document.
  • the document accessed by the first user includes content provided by a second user and embedded executable code. Using executable code of the document, detecting an indication by the first user of a first selection of text in the content.
  • the executable code After the detecting the indication by the first user, using the executable code, seeking a first suggestion input from the first user. Storing the first suggestion input from the first user. After the storing the first suggestion input from the first user, showing the second user the first suggestion input from the first user. Presenting the second user a first option to accept the first suggestion input and a second option to reject the first suggestion input. When the second user accepts the first suggestion input, making a replacement of the first selection of text in the content, provided by the second user, of the document with the first suggestion input.
  • the method when the second user rejects the first suggestion input, includes not making a replacement of the first selection of text in the content, provided by the second user, of the document with the first suggestion input.
  • the showing the second user the first suggestion input from the first user may include displaying the document and the content provided by the second user to the second user. Displaying a toolbox dialog box including a first box and a second box, where the first box includes the first selection of text, the second box includes the first suggestion input, and the toolbox dialog box is superimposed over at least a portion of the document.
  • the method before the when the second user accepts the first suggestion input, making a replacement of the first selection of text, includes allowing a third user to access the document.
  • executable code of the document detecting an indication by the third user of a second selection of text in the content, where the second selection of text includes at least a portion of the first selection of text.
  • the executable code seeking a second suggestion input from the third user.
  • Storing the second suggestion input from the third user After the storing the second suggestion input from the third user, showing the second user the second suggestion input from the third user.
  • the second user accepts the second suggestion input, making a replacement of the second selection of text in the content, provided by the second user, of the document with the second suggestion input. And, after the making a replacement of the second selection of text, not permitting the second user to accept the first suggestion input.
  • the method includes allowing a third user to access the document, where the document accessed by the third user includes content provided by the second user, the accepted first suggestion input, and embedded executable code.
  • executable code of the document detecting an indication by the third user of a second selection of text in the content, where the second selection of text includes at least a portion of the accepted first suggestion input.
  • the executable code seeking a second suggestion input from the third user. Storing the second suggestion input from the third user.
  • the method may further include seeking an explanation of the first suggestion input from the first user, storing the explanation, and during the presenting the second user a first option to accept the first suggestion input and a second option to reject the first suggestion input, presenting the second user the explanation.
  • the method may include prompting the second user to confirm the acceptance of the first suggestion input.
  • the method may further include when the second user accepts the first suggestion input, sending a notification to the first user to inform the first user that the first suggestion input was accepted.
  • a system includes a server, accessible to a set of client devices via a network.
  • the server stores a set of documents, accessible to each of the client devices via the network.
  • Each document includes embedded executable code, and when the code is delivered to a client device, invokes a suggestion tool application to run at the client device.
  • the suggestion tool executing at the client device, detects any selections a first user at the client device makes to first content of a first document delivered to the client device and requests for each detected selection of a portion of the first content a suggestion from the first user.
  • the first content is provided by a second user.
  • the suggestions database includes an entry for each suggestion made to the first content of the first document, each entry including a suggestion field and a position field.
  • the suggestion field includes text of the suggestion and the position field includes a position of where in the first content the suggestion was made.
  • the user content database residing on the storage device, connected to the server.
  • the user content database includes an entry including a content field.
  • the content field includes text of the first content, and when the second user accepts the suggestion, a portion of the text of the first content where the suggestion was made, indicated by the position, is replaced with the suggestion.
  • Each entry in the suggestions database may include a paragraph identifier field that references the first content in the user content database.
  • the position field for each entry in the suggestions database is a first position field
  • each entry in the suggestions database includes a second position field.
  • the first position field indicates a beginning position of a detected selection
  • the second position field indicates an ending position of the detected selection.
  • the suggestion tool executing at the client device, requests for each detected selection of a portion of the first content an explanation of the suggestion from the first user.
  • the explanation may be stored in the suggestions database.
  • the explanation may be optional.
  • a method includes receiving first suggestion information for a first selected portion of content from a first client device of a first user.
  • the content is provided by a second user.
  • the first suggestion information includes a first suggestion for the first selected portion of the content for the second user to accept or reject.
  • the method includes storing in a suggestion database the first suggestion, and first starting and ending positions.
  • the first starting position indicates a position in the content where the first selected portion begins
  • the first ending position indicates a position in the content where the first selected portion ends.
  • the first selected portion is between the first starting and ending positions.
  • the method further includes receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, after the receiving an indication, retrieving the first suggestion from the suggestion database, and inserting the retrieved first suggestion into the content at a location indicated by the first starting and ending positions, whereby the first selected portion of the content is replaced by the first suggestion.
  • the method further includes receiving second suggestion information for a second selected portion of content from a second client device of a third user.
  • the second suggestion information includes a second suggestion for the second selected portion of the content for the second user to accept or reject.
  • the method further includes storing in the suggestion database the second suggestion, and second starting and ending positions.
  • the second starting position indicates a position in the content where the second selected portion begins
  • the second ending position indicates a position in the content where the second selected portion ends, the second selected portion being between the second starting and ending positions.
  • the method further includes receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the second suggestion, after the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the second suggestion, retrieving the second suggestion from the suggestion database, and inserting the retrieved second suggestion into the content at a location indicated by the second starting and ending positions, whereby the second selected portion is replaced by the second suggestion.
  • the second selected portion may include at least a portion of the first suggestion.
  • the method further includes before the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, receiving second suggestion information from a second client device of a third user.
  • the second suggestion information includes a second suggestion for a second selected portion of the content for the second user to accept or reject. At least a portion of the first and second selected portions overlap.
  • the method further includes storing in the suggestion database the second suggestion, and after the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, not permitting the second user to accept the second suggestion.
  • the first starting position may be a first numerical value and the second starting position may be a second numerical value, greater than the first numerical value.
  • the content may be stored in a user content database that is separate from the suggestion database.
  • the suggestion database may be remote from the first client device.
  • the online content may be stored in a user content database that is separate from the suggestion database.
  • the toolbox tool is implemented as a cloud-based tool.
  • the suggestions or annotations can be stored separately from the content itself (e.g., different files). However, the suggestions and content may reside on the same hard drive, or same folder or directory, or on different hard drivers or in different directories.
  • the suggestion tool permits selection of any number characters of text on a page (not just a selection by words or characters between spaces).
  • the suggestion tools permits selection of multiple paragraphs or words that span a paragraph boundary (or include a carriage return character).
  • the selection tool allows selection by double clicking (e.g., using a mouse, finger, or stylus) on a word to select the word; double clicking on a selected word to select a sentence (which may end in a period, question mark, or other punctuation mark); or double clicking on a selected sentence to select a paragraph (which may end with a carriage return), or any combination of these selection techniques.
  • the selection tools allow a user to make a suggestion that includes a carriage return character in the suggestion. So, two or more paragraphs can be typed as a suggestion.
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified block diagram of a client-server system and network in which an embodiment of the invention may be implemented.
  • Figure 2 shows a more detailed diagram of an exemplary client or computer which may be used in an implementation of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a system block diagram of a client computer system used to execute application programs such as a web browser.
  • Figure 4 A shows a block diagram of a specific implementation of a system of the invention.
  • Figure 4B shows an example of content provided by a first user being replaced with a suggestion created by a second user.
  • Figure 5 shows a specific implementation of some of the various data structures to store information.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow diagram for accessing the options from a toolbox program of the invention.
  • Figure 7 shows an example of the toolbox being invoked when a user selects a portion of content.
  • Figure 8 shows a flow diagram for making suggestions to user provided content.
  • Figure 9 shows a suggestion view of the toolbox.
  • Figure 10 shows a flow diagram for approving and rejecting suggestions.
  • Figure 11 shows an example of a Web page having suggestions to user provided content.
  • Figure 12 shows an example of a review view of the toolbox to approve or reject suggestions.
  • Figure 13 shows an example of a Web page where two suggestions are associated with the same selected content.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a distributed computer network 100 incorporating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Computer network 100 includes a number of client systems 113, 116, and 119, and a server system 122 coupled to a communication network 124 via a plurality of communication links 128.
  • Communication network 124 provides a mechanism for allowing the various components of distributed network 100 to communicate and exchange information with each other.
  • Communication network 124 may itself be comprised of many interconnected computer systems and communication links.
  • Communication links 128 may be hardwire links, optical links, satellite or other wireless communications links, wave propagation links, or any other mechanisms for communication of information.
  • Various communication protocols may be used to facilitate communication between the various systems shown in figure 1.
  • communication network 124 is the Internet, in other embodiments, communication network 124 may be any suitable communication network including a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless network, a intranet, a private network, a public network, a switched network, and combinations of these, and the like.
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • wireless network a wireless network
  • intranet a private network
  • public network a public network
  • switched network and combinations of these, and the like.
  • Distributed computer network 100 in figure 1 is merely illustrative of an embodiment incorporating the present invention and does not limit the scope of the invention as recited in the claims.
  • more than one server system 122 may be connected to communication network 124.
  • a number of client systems 113, 116, and 119 may be coupled to communication network 124 via an access provider (not shown) or via some other server system.
  • Client systems 113, 116, and 119 typically request information from a server system which provides the information. For this reason, server systems typically have more computing and storage capacity than client systems. However, a particular computer system may act as both a client or a server depending on whether the computer system is requesting or providing information. Additionally, although aspects of the invention has been described using a client-server environment, it should be apparent that the invention may also be embodied in a stand-alone computer system. [59] Server 122 is responsible for receiving information requests from client systems 113, 116, and 119, performing processing required to satisfy the requests, and for forwarding the results corresponding to the requests back to the requesting client system.
  • client systems 113, 116, and 119 enable users to access and query information stored by server system 122.
  • a "web browser" application executing on a client system enables users to select, access, retrieve, or query information stored by server system 122.
  • Examples of web browsers include the Internet Explorer browser program (e.g., versions 6.0 and 7.0) provided by Microsoft Corporation, the Firefox browser provided by Mozilla, the Safari browser and Mobile Safari browser provided by Apple Corporation, the Chrome browser provided by Google, the Opera browser provided by Opera Software, and others.
  • Figure 2 shows an exemplary client system (or server system) of the present invention.
  • a user interfaces with the system through a computer workstation system, such as shown in figure 2.
  • Figure 2 shows a computer system 201 that includes a monitor (e.g., color monitor) 203, screen 205, cabinet 207, keyboard 209, and mouse 211.
  • Mouse 211 may have one or more buttons such as mouse buttons 213.
  • Cabinet 207 houses familiar computer components, some of which are not shown, such as a processor, memory, mass storage devices 217, and the like.
  • Mass storage devices 217 may include mass disk drives, floppy disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, fixed disks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, recordable CDs, DVDs, recordable DVDs (e.g., DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, HD-DVD, or BIu- ray Disc), flash and other nonvolatile solid-state storage (e.g., USB flash drive), battery- backed-up volatile memory, tape storage, reader, and other similar media, and combinations of these.
  • mass disk drives floppy disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, fixed disks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, recordable CDs, DVDs, recordable DVDs (e.g., DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, HD-DVD, or BIu- ray Disc), flash and other nonvolatile solid-state storage (e.g., USB flash drive),
  • a computer-implemented or computer-executable version of the invention may be embodied using, stored on, or associated with computer-readable medium or a computer program product.
  • a computer-readable medium may include any medium that participates in providing instructions to one or more processors for execution. Such a medium may take many forms including, but not limited to, nonvolatile, volatile, and transmission media.
  • Nonvolatile media includes, for example, flash memory, or optical or magnetic disks.
  • Volatile media includes static or dynamic memory, such as cache memory or RAM (e.g., 128 megabytes).
  • Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire, fiber optic lines, and wires arranged in a bus. Transmission media can also take the form of electromagnetic, radio frequency, acoustic, or light waves, such as those generated during radio wave and infrared data communications.
  • a binary, machine-executable version, of the software of the present invention may be stored or reside in RAM or cache memory, or on mass storage device 217.
  • the source code of the software of the present invention may also be stored or reside on mass storage device 217 (e.g., hard disk, magnetic disk, tape, or CD-ROM).
  • code of the invention may be transmitted via wires, radio waves, or through a network such as the Internet.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system block diagram of computer system 201 used to execute the software of the present invention.
  • computer system 201 includes monitor 203, keyboard 209, and mass storage devices 217.
  • Computer system 501 further includes subsystems such as central processor 302, system memory 304, input/output (I/O) controller 306, display adapter 308, serial or universal serial bus (USB) port 312, network interface 318, and speaker 320.
  • the invention may also be used with computer systems with additional or fewer subsystems.
  • a computer system could include more than one processor 302 (i.e., a multiprocessor system) or a system may include a cache memory.
  • Arrows such as 322 represent the system bus architecture of computer system 201.
  • FIG. 2 is but an example of a computer system suitable for use with the present invention. Other configurations of subsystems suitable for use with the present invention will be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • Computer software products may be written in any of various suitable programming languages, such as C, C++, C#, Pascal, Fortran, Perl, Matlab (from Math Works, www.mathworks.com), SAS, SPSS, JavaScript, AJAX, Java, Adobe Flash, Adobe Shockwave, or Microsoft Silverlight, or combinations of these.
  • the computer software product may be an independent application with data input and data display modules.
  • the computer software products may be classes that may be instantiated as distributed objects.
  • the computer software products may also be component software such as Java Beans (from Oracle) or Enterprise Java Beans (EJB from Oracle).
  • An operating system for the system may be one of the Microsoft Windows® family of operating systems (e.g., Windows 95, 98, Me, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows XP x64 Edition, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows CE, Windows Mobile), Linux, HP-UX, UNIX, Sun OS, Solaris, Mac OS X (e.g., Macintosh), Alpha OS, AIX, IRIX32, or IRIX64. Other operating systems may be used.
  • Microsoft Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
  • the computer may include any number of installed drivers such as audio drivers.
  • the computer may be connected to a network and may interface to other computers using this network.
  • the network may be an intranet, internet, or the Internet, among others.
  • the network may be a wired network (e.g., using copper), telephone network, packet network, an optical network (e.g., using optical fiber), or a wireless network, or any combination of these.
  • data and other information may be passed between the computer and components (or steps) of a system of the invention using a wireless network using a protocol such as Wi-Fi (IEEE standards 802.11, 802.1 Ia, 802.1 Ib, 802.1 Ie, 802.1 Ig, 802.1 Ii, and 802.1 In, just to name a few examples).
  • Wi-Fi IEEE standards 802.11, 802.1 Ia, 802.1 Ib, 802.1 Ie, 802.1 Ig, 802.1 Ii, and 802.1 In, just to name a few examples.
  • signals from a computer may be transferred, at least in part, wirelessly to components or other computers.
  • a user accesses a system on the World Wide Web (WWW) through a network such as the Internet.
  • the web browser is used to download Web pages or other content in various formats including HTML, XML, text, PDF, and postscript, and may be used to upload information to other parts of the system.
  • the web browser may use uniform resource identifiers (URLs) to identify resources on the web and hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) in transferring files on the web.
  • the web browser may include any number of various plug-ins such as plug-ins for playing audio information.
  • a specific implementation of this invention is a social network for teaching and learning the English language.
  • One of skill in the art would understand that the principles of the invention apply to teaching and learning other subjects, including languages other than English.
  • the principles of the invention could apply to teaching and learning languages such as French, German, Portuguese, Korean, Russian, Vietnamese, Spanish, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, and other languages.
  • the system provides users with a virtual immersion in different languages, cultures, and customs because users can have rich, interactive experiences with other users from across the world.
  • aspects of the invention may also be used to implement other types of Web sites and applications including social networking sites having various, different purposes (matchmaking, marketing, music, video, and not necessarily collaborative or e-learning), educational sites (e.g., Wiki, encyclopedia — analogous to Wikipedia), collaborative and e- learning sites, collaborative content development, collaborative review, desktop or on-line word processing applications, and others.
  • social networking sites having various, different purposes (matchmaking, marketing, music, video, and not necessarily collaborative or e-learning), educational sites (e.g., Wiki, encyclopedia — analogous to Wikipedia), collaborative and e- learning sites, collaborative content development, collaborative review, desktop or on-line word processing applications, and others.
  • the system allows users to make suggestions to a blog post.
  • the suggestions given to a particular blog are reflected in two places including the blog owner's "suggestion received" section of the profile and the user's "suggestion given” section of the profile of the user who has made the suggestion.
  • the blog owner has two options to make including approve the suggestion or discard the suggestion.
  • the status of the suggestion will be "approval pending.” Once the suggestion is approved, the status changes to "approved.” If the suggestion is discarded, the status changes to "discarded.” Only the blog owner is allowed to approve or discard the suggestion. The other users can only view the suggestion.
  • the "make a suggestion" feature is initiated when the EnglishCafe (EC) user feels that he would like to suggest an alternative way to express things that the user might have used. In an implementation, it is done by selecting the text for which the user wants to suggest and giving your suggestion to it. In a specific implementation, the user who would like to make a suggestion is an EC user.
  • each paragraph has a unique paragraph identifier, which is generated by server side code Personal Home Page (PHP).
  • PGP Personal Home Page
  • suggestion history When the suggestions are edited by the blog owner, "suggestion history" link will be generated in the toolbox below the “current suggestion.” When clicked on the suggestion history, it will show the suggestions with their status.
  • a suggestion given by a user may overlap with another suggestion given by another user. For example, if there is a suggestion 1 for paragraph 1 and the there is suggestion 2 for a part of paragraph 1. Initially, the status for both the suggestions will be "approval pending.” When the suggestion 1 is approved by the blog owner, then suggestion 2 have the status changed to "agree pending" from “approval pending.” The suggestion 1 will now have the status as "approved.” It is the blog owner's decision to agree upon the suggestion 2 or discard it, accordingly the status will be changed to agreed or discarded.
  • the blog content is dynamically changed to the updated content when the page is refreshed by the user, when the suggestion is approved, discarded, agreed to, or agree pending by the blog owner, and when the toolbox is closed by the user.
  • the system tracks new or unviewed content and displays a visual indicator of new or unviewed content.
  • the visual indicator includes an asterisk (e.g., orange asterisk).
  • an asterisk e.g., orange asterisk
  • Figure 4 A shows a block diagram of a specific implementation of a system of the invention. This system includes any number of clients such as first and second clients 403 and 406 which access a server 409 via a communication network 412.
  • the communication network is as shown in figure 1 and described above.
  • the clients are general purpose computers with hardware and software, such as shown in figures 2-3 and described above.
  • the clients include one or more hardware and software components described.
  • the first client includes a first display 415, a first application program 418 (e.g., first browser application program), a pointing device, processor, memory, and storage.
  • the second client includes a second display 421, a second application program 424 (e.g., second browser application program), a pointing device, processor, memory, and storage.
  • the clients execute executable code (or computer- readable code) that embodies a technique or algorithm as described in this application.
  • the browser is an application program that can request, receive, and process data from a user, the server, or both. The data can be shown via the first display.
  • the server includes components similar to the components shown in figure 3 and described above.
  • the server includes a processor, memory, applications 427, and storage 430.
  • the storage includes e-learning course content
  • Web content 436 user Web pages 439, and databases 442.
  • the e-learning course content is optional and is not included in other implementations.
  • An application such as a Web server 445 delivers Web pages (e.g., user Web pages) and other data from the storage to the browsers.
  • Web pages e.g., user Web pages
  • An example of a Web server includes the
  • the applications include an e-learning application or system 448.
  • the e-learning application interacts with the e-learning course content to provide an e-learning or on-line learning experience for individual users.
  • Various implementations of the e-learning application and e- learning course content are described in U.S. patent applications 11/160,098, filed June 8,
  • Figure 4B shows an example of two users making suggestions to content where the content creator accepts one of the suggestions.
  • a flow for this example is as follows. Some specific flows are presented in this application, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific flows and steps presented. A flow of the invention may have additional steps (not necessarily described in this application), different steps which replace some of the steps presented, fewer steps or a subset of the steps presented, or steps in a different order than presented, or any combination of these. Further, the steps in other implementations of the invention may not be exactly the same as the steps presented and may be modified or altered as appropriate for a particular application or based on the data.
  • First user (or user A) creates content.
  • Second user accesses the content, selects a portion of the content, and makes a first suggestion for the selected content.
  • user A is at a computer (e.g., desktop, laptop, smartphone, tablet computer, or any kind of portable or non-portable electronic device) and creates content such as paragraphs 450a and 450b.
  • a computer e.g., desktop, laptop, smartphone, tablet computer, or any kind of portable or non-portable electronic device
  • the content may be created using any type of input device such as a keyboard, mouse, stylus, or combinations of these.
  • the keyboard may be a physical keyboard or keyboard that is displayed on an electronic screen such as an electronic touchscreen or touch-sensitive screen.
  • a touch-sensitive screen may include handwriting recognition software to allow the user to provide input by writing on the touchscreen using a finger (or fingertip), digital pen, stylus, or combinations of these.
  • the content is transmitted 452 to a server 454.
  • the content is stored at the server which is remote from user A's computer.
  • the content is stored in a first database 456 (or in a table of the first database) that is at the server.
  • the table includes a paragraph identifier field 458 and a content field
  • the paragraph identification field stores paragraph identifiers 100 and 101 which correspond to paragraphs 450a and 450b, respectively.
  • the content field stores the content (or paragraph content) of paragraphs 450a and 450b.
  • user B accesses 462 the content created by user A.
  • user B may access the content using a Web browser program that displays a document (e.g.,
  • Web page blog which includes the content created by user A.
  • User B may be a regular reader or follower of user A's blog.
  • the system may send notifications to followers of user A's blog when there is new activity such as when user A makes a new blog post. Examples of notifications include e-mail, text messages, tweets via Twitter, and so forth.
  • User B can view, review, or read the content created by user A.
  • user B wishes to make a suggestion, user B selects a portion 464 of the content (shown in figure 4B as underlining).
  • the system prompts, requests, or seeks a first suggestion 465 from user B.
  • B makes the suggestion using an input device (e.g., keyboard) and submits the first suggestion.
  • an input device e.g., keyboard
  • the first suggestion is transmitted 466 to the server and is stored at the server.
  • the first suggestion is stored in a second database 468 (or in a table of the second database) that is at the server.
  • the table includes a paragraph identifier field
  • Paragraph identifier field identifies the paragraph in which a suggestion was made.
  • the paragraph identifier field indicates that a suggestion was made in paragraph
  • paragraph identifier 101 which corresponds to paragraph identifier 101.
  • the paragraph identifier may be referred to as a content identifier.
  • the suggestion identifier field identifies the suggestion identifier (e.g., 200) which corresponds to first suggestion 465.
  • the suggestion field stores the first suggestion.
  • the position field identifies a location or position of the selected content within the paragraph.
  • the system assigns first and second numerical values for each word in a paragraph.
  • the first numerical value indicates a beginning position of a word in the paragraph.
  • the second numerical value indicates an ending position of the word in the paragraph.
  • a number of positions within a paragraph is equal to a number of words in a paragraph plus one.
  • a number of positions within a paragraph may be equal to a number of character groups in the paragraph plus one.
  • a character group may include one or more characters or consecutive characters that are not spaces.
  • paragraph 450b which is associated with paragraph identifier 101 has 25 words (or 25 character groups) and thus has 26 positions. These positions are shown below and indicated by the bracketed numbers:
  • the selected portion of the content i.e., "For 3 weeks I regularly was delivered with chocolate samples.” has a start position of [15] and an end position of [25].
  • the selected portion of content is between the start and end positions.
  • the start and end positions are stored in the position field.
  • the position field may be divided into two separate fields — a start position field and an end position field — where the start position field stores the start position and the end position field stores the end position.
  • Position information may be anything or any arbitrary reference that permits referencing a beginning position of a selection of content, an ending position of the selection of content, or both.
  • the system assigns a numerical value to each word in a paragraph. Using paragraph 450b as an example, the words in the paragraph are identified as follows:
  • the word "Well,” (or character group) is assigned the bracketed number [1]
  • the word "I” is assigned the bracketed number [2]
  • the word "was” is assigned the bracketed number [3], and so forth.
  • the selected portion of the content i.e., "For 3 weeks I regularly was delivered with chocolate samples.” has a start position of [15] which is assigned to the word “For” and has an end position of [24] which is assigned to the word "samples.”
  • the system assigns numerical values or references to the spaces within the paragraph for locating a selection of content within the paragraph.
  • the selected portion of content i.e., "For 3 weeks I regularly was delivered with chocolate samples.” may be referenced as being between a first space having a space assignment value of [15] and a second space having a space assignment value of [25].
  • a method includes one or more steps of assigning a numerical sequential value to each space within a paragraph where the suggestion is being made, assigning the first position a numerical value for a space within the paragraph equal to or immediately preceding the first position, assigning the second position a numerical value for a space within the paragraph equal to or immediately after the second position, assigning a numerical sequential value to each character within a paragraph where the suggestion is being made, assigning a numerical sequential value to each character within the content where the suggestion is being made, or combinations of these.
  • the numerical values or references are assigned at a beginning of the paragraph.
  • position information may be anything or any arbitrary reference that permits referencing a selection of content.
  • a value is assigned starting at an end of the paragraph and the system counts backwards from the end of the paragraph towards the beginning of the paragraph to assign position information.
  • a value is assigned starting at some arbitrary point in the paragraph, such as in a middle of the paragraph and the system counts backwards from the arbitrary point to the beginning of the paragraph, and counts forwards from the arbitrary point to the end of the paragraph to assign position information.
  • values are with respect to words in a paragraph, or are with respect to a beginning position of a word and an ending position of the word.
  • the word "Well” is assigned first and second numerical values of [1] and [2], respectively.
  • the word "I” is assigned first and second numerical values of [2] and [3] respectively.
  • the word "was” is assigned first and second numerical values of [3] and [4], respectively.
  • This can help facilitate selecting content in the paragraph to make a suggestion. For example, the system detects that a user has selected a portion of a word. In a specific implementation, the system automatically selects the whole word.
  • the second numerical value that is stored is the numerical value corresponding to the end of the whole word (or the numerical value corresponding to the beginning of the subsequent word, i.e., the word after the whole word).
  • the system automatically deselects the whole word. That is, the second numerical value that is stored is the numerical value corresponding to the beginning of the whole word (or the numerical value corresponding to the end of the previous word, i.e., the word before the whole word).
  • the first and second numerical values are with respect to characters in a paragraph. That is, in this specific implementation, the system assigns for each character in a paragraph first and second numerical values. The first numerical value indicates a beginning position of a character in the paragraph. The second numerical value indicates an ending position of the character in the paragraph.
  • paragraph 450b as an example, the characters in the paragraph are identified as follows:
  • the selected portion of the content i.e., "For 3 weeks I regularly was delivered with chocolate samples.” has a start position of [53] which is assigned to the beginning position of the character "F” in the word “For” and has an end position of [104] which is assigned to the ending position of the character "s” in the word “samples.”
  • the spaces between words have been omitted for clarity.
  • spaces may be considered to be characters and be assigned position information so that the beginning position and ending position of a space may be identified.
  • Assigning position information based on characters allows a user to select a portion of a word. This specific implementation can permit a user to select a portion of a word.
  • a user can select the letters “W” and “e” in which case the first and second numerical values are [1] and [3], respectively.
  • This specific implementation may be beneficial where a user desires granularity, i.e., the ability to select one or more characters in a word. For example, if user A inputted the word “thier,” user B can correct the misspelled word by selecting the characters "ie” and making the suggestion "ei.”
  • position information is assigned at the paragraph level or with respect to a paragraph.
  • position information may be assigned at the document level.
  • the system assigns for each word in a document first and second numerical values.
  • the first numerical value indicates a beginning position of a word in the document.
  • the second numerical value indicates an ending position of the word in the document.
  • the document shown in figure 4B having the paragraphs 450a and 450b would have the following assigned position information:
  • This specific implementation can allow for a selection to be made which spans across two or more paragraphs. For example, user B may make the selection: "attended last year? Well, I was lucky.” This selection includes content from paragraph 450a (i.e., the phrase "attended last year?") and content from paragraph 450b (i.e., the phrase "Well, I was lucky”). This selection thus has beginning position of [8] and an ending position of [15]. The beginning position indicates the location of the word "attended” in the document. The ending position indicates the location of the word "lucky” in the document. [130] Carriage returns, tabs, or both in the document may also be assigned position information so that the system can identify where in the selection the preceding paragraph ends and the succeeding paragraph begins.
  • the above technique of assigning position information with respect to the document may be used to assign position information at the character level as discussed above.
  • the system assigns for each character in a document first and second numerical values.
  • the first numerical value indicates a beginning position of a character in the document.
  • the second numerical value indicates an ending position of the character in the document.
  • position information may be assigned based on or with respect to two or more or all the documents in the system (e.g., position information assigned with respect to a group of documents). Position information may be assigned based on two or more paragraphs in a document (e.g., position information assigned with respect to a group of paragraphs). The paragraphs may or may not be consecutive paragraphs. Position information may be assigned based on paragraphs in separate documents. Position information may be assigned based on sentences such as by establishing a location of periods. Position information may be assigned based on documents (or paragraphs) belonging to a user, belonging to a group of users, that are of a specific type, and so forth.
  • Position information may be assigned using information such as a line number of a line of content in a document, page, page numbers, sections, section numbers, carriage returns, tabs, punctuation marks (e.g., periods, question marks, exclamation points, colons, semicolons, dashes, em dashes, or en dashes), or combinations of these.
  • punctuation marks e.g., periods, question marks, exclamation points, colons, semicolons, dashes, em dashes, or en dashes
  • position information includes numerical values and specifically, sequential or consecutive positive numerical integers.
  • the values include nonsequential numbers, nonconsecutive numbers, positive numbers, negative numbers, decimal numbers, nonrepeating numbers, repeating numbers, or combinations of these.
  • position information may instead or additionally include alphabetical characters, symbols, alphanumeric characters, punctuation marks, or combinations of these.
  • a first value [A] may indicate a beginning position of a selection of content.
  • a second value [E] may indicate an ending position of the selection of content.
  • a selection includes two or more consecutive words.
  • a selection includes two or more nonconsecutive words in which a user (e.g., user B) makes a suggestion for the selection.
  • user C accesses 478 the content created by user A and makes a second suggestion 480.
  • User C may access the content and make a suggestion by following a procedure similar to the procedure for user B described above in step 2. For example, when user C wishes to make a suggestion, user C selects a portion 482 of the content.
  • the system seeks second suggestion 480 from user C.
  • User C makes and submits the second suggestion which is transmitted 481 to the server and stored in second database 468.
  • an entry is made in the second database for the second suggestion from user C.
  • the entry includes the paragraph identifier (101) for which the suggestion was made, the suggestion identifier (201), the second suggestion, and the position information.
  • users C and B have selected the same portions of content to make a suggestion. However, users C and B do not have to necessarily select the same portions of content.
  • User C may select a portion of content that is different from the portion of content selected by user B. For example, user C may select a portion of content from paragraph 450a, user C may select a portion of content from paragraph 450b that does not overlap the portion of content selected by user B, or user C may select a portion of content that at least partially overlaps the portion of content selected by user B.
  • user A accesses 484 the first suggestion from user B and the second suggestion from user C.
  • User A may receive a notification that a suggestion has been made to the blog post.
  • the notification may include a link to the blog post.
  • User A can navigate to the blog post, select a link to view suggestions, and the suggestion will be displayed on user A's computer screen.
  • User A can review the suggestion and decide whether to approve (i.e., accept) or reject the suggestion.
  • user A can review the first and second suggestions and decide which of the two suggestions to accept. User A may also decide to not accept any suggestions, i.e., reject the first and second suggestions.
  • the replacement operation may include the following substeps:
  • [142] 5.2 Identify a location within the paragraph of the selected content using the start position (e.g., [15]) and end position (e.g., [25]) of the selected content.
  • an operation where the selected content is replaced by the first suggestion includes inserting the first suggestion into the first paragraph and deleting the selected content from the first paragraph.
  • the deleting the selected content may be before, after, or during the inserting the first suggestion into the first paragraph.
  • the selected content may be overwritten by the first suggestion.
  • the operation where the selected content is replaced by the first suggestion includes swapping the selected content in the first paragraph with the first suggestion.
  • a feature of a specific implementation of the invention is to allow collaboration of multiple users to view and make suggestions on the same document.
  • the user will not receive a message such as "document is locked for editing (or viewing) by another user.”
  • the content creator may be editing the content, while other users is reviewing and making comments or entering suggestions at the same time as each other, or different times. For example, a first user may enter a suggestion at the very same time the second user is entering a different suggest to the same page, or even the same selected text.
  • the database organization that facilitates this feature is described in figure 5 and the accompanying text, and elsewhere in this application.
  • a user may view, access, and accept suggestions even if the users who made the suggestions are not connected or are disconnected from the system or network.
  • the suggestions are stored or saved in for example, a database or file (see figure 5 below and accompanying text).
  • user A accesses or views user's B's suggestion. While user A is viewing or accessing user B's suggestion, user B can be disconnected from the system. When user B is disconnected from the system, user A accesses B's suggestion as it was saved in the database or file.
  • User may choose to password protect, encrypt the document, or other protect the document so that the document is viewable by only selected users (e.g., particular groups or friends of user A, which are authorized by A).
  • user A can send user B (and perhaps many other people) an e-mail with a link to the document. After hitting the link, if user B is not recognized as being authorized to view the document, the system can send a message to A inquiring whether B is allowed to access. Then, the users (B and perhaps many others) can review the document and make any comments or suggestions, without conflict or waiting for others to finish making their comments.
  • the document can be viewed through, for example, an SSL encrypted link (or other encryption technology including RSA, HTTPS, and so forth), where an SSL or other certificate is used to securely link B to the document. Any suggestions of comments user B makes will be encrypted, so eavesdroppers cannot see the document or comments.
  • User B can also use one or multiple languages in making the comments.
  • the system of the invention may operation in one or multiple languages including English, French, German, Spanish, Chinese characters, Japanese characters, Mandarin, Korean, and others.
  • user B makes a suggestion to content created by user A.
  • User A may also be also referred to as the content organizer, content moderator, content owner, content creator, content provider, creator, owner, author, page administrator, page master, provider, or other terms.
  • user A is a user who has the authority to authorize adding, deleting, replacing, and changing of content.
  • user A may be referred to as a content author or content owner, user A may not actually have created the content or be the author.
  • user A may include some passages from Charles Dickens or Jules Verne on user A's page.
  • user A is an owner of the page, so user A has the authority to choose what content is include on user A's pages, and whether any changes (e.g., via suggestions) can be made to that page.
  • user A may grant privileges to other users, which may be referred to as subordinate page owners who are given the ability to accept or decline changes to a page.
  • Content may also have joint owners: If two or more users can authorize changes where an authorization from any one of the joint owners approves changes. In some other implementations, every joint owner must agree to authorize before a change will be made. In some other implementations, a majority or quorum of joint owner must agree to authorize before a change will be made. [150] While user B is making the suggestion, user A is disconnected from the system.
  • user A who may be in California, can view and accept a suggestion made by user B who may be asleep in Russia and not connected to the system, i.e., off-line or not online.
  • User B can make a suggestion to content created by user A while user A is asleep and not connected to the system.
  • users can make suggestions to content while the content creator is not connected to the system.
  • a user can view suggestions, accept suggestions, or both while the users who made the suggestions are not connected to the system.
  • both user A who created the content and user B who made the suggestion to the content must be connected to the system for user A to view the suggestion, accept the suggestion, or both.
  • User A who created the content must be connected to the system for user B to make a suggestion to the content.
  • user B selects a first portion of content to make a first suggestion
  • user C selects a second portion of content to make a second suggestion
  • the first and second portions at least partially overlap.
  • user A After user A accepts one of the first or second suggestions to replace one of the first or second portions, user A is not permitted to later accept the not accepted first or second suggestion. In other words, the system does not make a replacement of one of the first or second portions with the not accepted first or second suggestion.
  • the system may send a notification to the user whose suggestion was accepted to inform the user that the suggestion was accepted.
  • the system may send a notification to the user whose suggestion was not accepted to inform the user that the suggestion was not accepted.
  • a user can make a suggestion to a portion of content where the portion of content includes at least a portion of another suggestion. For example, in this specific implementation, user B selects a first portion of content to make a first suggestion.
  • User A accepts the first suggestion and the first portion of content is replaced with the first suggestion.
  • user C selects a second portion of content to make a second suggestion.
  • the second portion of content includes at least a portion of the first suggestion.
  • User A accepts the second suggestion and the second portion of content is replaced with the second suggestion.
  • a user may be able to edit her suggestion after the suggestion is submitted and before the suggestion is accepted. For example, user B selects a portion of the content and makes a first suggestion. Before user A accepts the first suggestion, user B decides that she want to suggest something different from the first suggestion or edit the first suggestion. User B edits the first suggestion. In a specific implementation, user A is permitted to access the edited first suggestion, but not the unedited first suggestion. When user A accepts the edited first suggestion the edited first suggestion replaces the selected portion of content. In another implementation, user A is permitted to access the edited first suggestion and the unedited first suggestion. User A can accept one of the edited first suggestion or unedited first suggestion. When user A accepts one of the edited first suggestion or unedited first suggestion, the selected portion of content is replaced with the accepted edited first suggestion or unedited first suggestion.
  • FIG. 4B shows two users (users B and C) making suggestions to content created by another user (user A).
  • users B and C there can be any number of users making suggestions to content created by another user.
  • a user may make any number of suggestions.
  • user B may make a third suggestion to the content created by user A.
  • User B may make a third suggestion to a selected portion of content where the selected portion of content may include at least a portion of a suggestion from user C, user B, or both.
  • User B may make two or more suggestions to a selected portion of content so that user A can select from among the two or more suggestions.
  • user B may which to provide user A with several alternative suggestions.
  • user B selects a portion of content created by user A and makes first and second suggestions.
  • User A access the first and second suggestions and selects one of the first or second suggestions.
  • the portion of content is replaced with the selected first or second suggestion.
  • a feature of the system is to help facilitate interaction, participation, and collaboration among members of a community or social community.
  • this feature is implemented in a social networking community and provides an immersive and collaborative environment for learning a new language.
  • the system makes it easy for user A to incorporate or use a suggestion from user B.
  • user B who is reviewing content created by user A may feel more inclined to participate and offer meaningful and helpful suggestions.
  • the system may include features such as public discussion groups, private discussion groups (e.g., a my friends group), e-mail, instant messaging, video chat, photo and video albums, a question and answer forum, or any other social networking tool, or combinations of these.
  • Such tools can allow users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests.
  • the system includes a ratings mechanism which keeps track of which suggestions were accepted, which users made the accepted suggestions, and assigns a point to a user whose suggestion was accepted.
  • the ratings mechanism may allow users to rate or grade the suggestions made by other users.
  • Users having a high number of points may be recognized by having their names displayed on a Scoreboard or leaderboard Web page of the system for other users to see and admire. Users having a high number of points may be redeem their points for prizes or be awarded prizes such as cash, electronic gadgets, toys, books, candy, or other goods, products, or services. This can further incentivize users to participate through meaningful and helpful suggestions.
  • the system is designed so that users select whole words rather than a portion of a word. This can help to ensure that suggestions are meaningful since a suggestion to a portion of a word may not be helpful.
  • the system is designed so that a user can select a portion of a word.
  • position information in a paragraph may correspond to the position of individual characters in a paragraph, rather than words in a paragraph, so that the user can select a portion of a word.
  • users make selections within a paragraph. This can help to ensure that suggestions do not become too unwieldy (i.e., user makes a selection having 500 words).
  • users can make a selection across two or more paragraphs.
  • the content includes text.
  • the content includes audio, video, images, pictures, or combinations of these.
  • the selected content may be identified by one or more frames of the video.
  • a selected portion or fragment of the video may be identified by a begin time of the video fragment and an end time of the video fragment.
  • the content includes audio or an audio track, for example, a selected portion of the audio track may be identified by a begin time of the audio fragment and an end time of the audio fragment.
  • the system can automatically select a whole or entire word, a whole sentence, or a whole paragraph.
  • user B selects a word and clicks (e.g., click or double clicks on the word) and the system selects the whole word.
  • User B selects a portion of a sentence and clicks (e.g., click or double clicks on the sentence) and the system selects the whole sentence, user B selects a portion of a paragraph and clicks (e.g., click or double clicks on the selected portion of the paragraph) and the system selects the whole paragraph. If the selection spans two or more paragraphs, the system selects the entire of the two or more paragraphs.
  • the system can detect the beginning and ending position of a word by selecting backwards from the selected portion of the word until a space before the word is reached and selecting forwards from the selected portion of the word until a space after the word is reached.
  • the system can select backwards from the selected portion of the sentence until a period is reached, a capital letter is reached, a set of double spaces is reached, or anything else that would indicate the end of the previous sentence. The system can then select forwards from the selected portion of the sentence until an indication that an end of the sentence has been reached.
  • the beginning and ending positions of sentences can be determined by looking for or searching for punctuation marks (e.g., periods, exclamation points, question marks, and the like). To detect the beginning and ending positions of a paragraph, the system can search for tabs, carriage returns and so forth that would indicate, for example, the end of a previous paragraph and the beginning of a subsequent paragraph.
  • punctuation marks e.g., periods, exclamation points, question marks, and the like.
  • users can insert carriage returns in their suggestions. When the suggestion is accepted the carriage return appears in the updated content.
  • a user after making a selection can make two or more alternative suggestions. For example, user B can select a portion of the content. The system the prompts user B for a first suggestion and a second (i.e., alternative) suggestion. The system stores both suggestions. User A can then accesses the first and second suggestions and decide which one, if any, to accepted. The selected portion of content will be replaced with the accepted suggestion.
  • Figure 5 shows a specific implementation of various data structures for some of the information stored in the storage of the server shown in figure 4 A and shows some further details of the example shown in figure 4B.
  • Server 409 includes a storage 505 for user Web pages, such as Web pages 508a, 508b, and 508c, a suggestions database 510, a suggestions identification database 511, and a suggestions history database 513.
  • the Web pages show examples of suggestions 511 having been made at various specific locations within the Web page.
  • a suggestions table 516 shows a data structure used to store information such as suggestions in the suggestions database.
  • a suggestions identification table 519 shows a data structure used to store information in the suggestions identification database.
  • a suggestions history table 520 shows a data structure used to store information in the suggestions history database.
  • the tables can include any number of fields.
  • A's document is stored in user web pages 505, while user B's suggestion is stored in suggestion database 510, which are separate files or locations. This means that the suggestion is not stored with the document to which the suggestion was made.
  • suggestion database 510 which are separate files or locations. This means that the suggestion is not stored with the document to which the suggestion was made.
  • This organization of the data allows multiple users to view, edit, and make suggestions at the same time. So users will not receive a file is locked message, that disallows their making edits or suggestions.
  • web pages 505 is referred to a "web" pages. The invention does not only apply to "web" pages, but also to other types of documents, not just only web pages. These documents can be accessible through the Internet or other network, such as an intranet.
  • the suggestions table stores suggestions.
  • the suggestions identification table identifies the user who made the suggestion and the type of user-generated content (e.g., blog entry or forum post) that the suggestion is associated with.
  • the suggestions history table tracks which users viewed the suggestion and when the user viewed the suggestion.
  • the tables are each in separate databases.
  • the tables are in a single database.
  • the single database is a common database (e.g., MySQL version 5.0.5) which stores the suggestion, suggestion identification, and suggestions history tables.
  • MySQL version 5.0.5 e.g., MySQL version 5.0.5
  • a SQL database is merely one type of database and other databases or file structures may be used including database products from Oracle, Microsoft, IBM, and Google (e.g., Google spreadsheet).
  • the system allows users to create content. This user created content is then displayed on a Web page such as Web page 508a for other users to see.
  • the system allows one or more of these other users to select a portion of the content at a specific location 522 within the content, and make an annotation or suggestion 555a (e.g., remark or comment) to that selected content.
  • an annotation or suggestion 555a e.g., remark or comment
  • Users can see the suggestions made by other users and identify which portion of the content the suggestion is associated with.
  • the user who authored or created the content i.e., content author
  • the content author can review the suggestion and, if desired, make changes or edits to the suggestion.
  • the content author can then accept (e.g., approve) or reject (e.g., discard) the suggestion. If the content author accepts the suggestion the system replaces the selected portion of the content with the suggestion.
  • the user created content on Web page 508a is updated such that the portion of the content at the specific location within the content is removed or no longer visible having been replaced with the suggestion. If the content author rejects the suggestion the Web page stays the same. That is, the system does not replace the portion of the content with the suggestion.
  • Any number of suggestions can be made by any number of users to any number of user created content. Furthermore, any number of suggestions can be made by any number of users to a selected portion of the content. That is, two or more suggestions can be made to the same portion of content. This can be referred to as overlapping suggestions.
  • the user created content can be in any format or medium and can include text, video, audio, images, pictures, graphics, or combinations of these. In a specific implementation, the user created content includes text inputted as part of a blog. Similarly, the suggestions include text. A suggestion is associated with a specific portion of the blog text which is at a specific location within the blog text.
  • the tables include six entries. Each entry is associated with one of the six suggestions shown on Web pages 508a, b, and c.
  • suggestions table 516 includes a suggestion identifier field, a suggestion field, an explanation field, a paragraph identifier field, and a position field.
  • An entry 533 in suggestions table 516 includes a suggestion identifier 536 in the suggestion identifier field, a suggestion 555a in the suggestion field, an explanation 542 in the explanation field, a paragraph identifier 545 in the paragraph identifier field, and a position 548 in the position field.
  • the suggestion field includes a text string (e.g., ASCII text string) that represents the suggestion inputted by the user.
  • the user inputting the suggestion may be referred to as the suggester.
  • Input may be typed in using a keyboard, keypad, stylus, or other human input device, or may also be entered using other techniques, such as selecting from among some displayed suggested choices, or combination of suggested choices; scanned, video, camera or photo input, and video or image (e.g., picture or photo) to text conversion; or voice recognition or real-time speech recognition.
  • U.S. patents 6,453,290, 6,865,536, 7,330,815, and 7,689,415 which are incorporated by reference, describe network-based speech recognition.
  • Speech or voice recognition may be performed by the device, where the recognition routines are executed (at least in part or entirely) on the device.
  • the explanation field includes a text string that represents the explanation inputted by the suggester (i.e., suggester explanation for the suggested text). That is, when the suggester makes the suggestion the system allows the suggester to input an explanation or reason for the suggestion. Inputting the explanation is optional. The suggester can submit a suggestion without having to input an explanation. In this case the explanation field for this entry in the table will be empty.
  • the suggestion identifier and paragraph identifier fields may include unique series of numbers, characters, letters, or combinations of these (e.g., alphanumeric).
  • Each of the suggestions may be associated with a unique suggestion identifier. This allows referencing a suggestion via its suggestion identifier.
  • suggestion identifier 536 is associated with suggestion 555a.
  • a suggestion identifier 554 is associated with suggestion 555b, and so forth.
  • the suggestion identifier is generated automatically for every suggestion made.
  • the suggestion identifier may be unique across all of the suggestions.
  • a first suggestion identifier for suggestion 555a in Web page 508a will be different from a second suggestion identifier for suggestion 555b in Web page 508b and different from a third suggestion identifier for suggestion 555c in Web page 508b.
  • the second suggestion identifier will be different from the third suggestion identifier.
  • the suggestion identifier is unique with respect to a specific Web page.
  • the first suggestion identifier, which is associated with suggestion 555a in Web page 508a may the same as the second suggestion identifier, which is associated with suggestion 555b in Web page 508b.
  • Each of the paragraphs may be associated with a unique paragraph identifier. This allows referencing a paragraph via its paragraph identifier.
  • a Web page can have any number of paragraphs.
  • the paragraph identifier is unique across all the paragraphs in all of the Web pages.
  • a first paragraph identifier is associated with a first paragraph in Web page 508a.
  • a second paragraph identifier is associated with a second paragraph in Web page 508a.
  • a third paragraph identifier is associated with a third paragraph in Web page 508b.
  • the first paragraph identifier is different from the second and third paragraph identifiers.
  • the second paragraph identifier is different from the third paragraph identifier.
  • the paragraph identifier is unique with respect to a specific Web page.
  • the first paragraph identifier is different from the second paragraph identifier, but may be the same as the third paragraph identifier.
  • the position field includes integer values.
  • the position includes a start position field and an end position field.
  • the start position indicates a start position of a selected portion of content (e.g., a start position of a selected text within a paragraph).
  • the end position indicates an end position of the selected portion of content (e.g., an end position of the selected text within the paragraph).
  • the number of positions within a paragraph is equal a number of words in a paragraph plus one.
  • a paragraph having four words will have five positions.
  • a first word of the paragraph starts at a first position and ends a second position.
  • a second word of the paragraph starts at the second position and ends at a third position.
  • a third word of the paragraph starts at the third position and ends at a fourth position.
  • a fourth word of the paragraph starts at the fourth position and ends at a fifth position.
  • the selected text can include any number of consecutive words within the paragraph.
  • a first selected text can include the first word.
  • a second selected text can include the first, second, and third word.
  • a third selected text can include the second and third word, and so forth.
  • the first selected text will have a start position at the first position and an end position at the second position.
  • the second selected text will have a start position at the first position and an end position at the fourth position.
  • the third selected text will have a start position at the second position and an end position at the fourth position.
  • a selected text includes any number of nonconsecutive words, a combination of consecutive words and nonconsecutive words.
  • the selected text may include one or more words, characters, letters, spaces, symbols, punctuation marks, word dividers, or any type of typography, and combinations of these.
  • the selected text can include content from two or more paragraphs. The two or more paragraphs may be consecutive or nonconsecutive.
  • suggestions table 516 includes five fields or columns. These five fields and a brief description of each field are shown below in table A.
  • Suggestions identification table 519 includes the suggestion identifier field, a suggester identifier field, and a node identifier field.
  • An entry 560 in the suggestions identification table includes suggestion identifier 536 in the suggestion identifier field, a suggester identifier 563 in the suggester identifier field, and a node identifier 566 in the node identifier field.
  • the suggester identifier and node identifier fields include unique series of numbers, characters, letters, or combinations of these (e.g., alphanumeric).
  • the suggester identifier indicates the user identification of the user who posted the suggestion.
  • the node identifier is a unique number for user-generated content (e.g., blog, video, audio, document, photo, forum comment, question, answer, user-created group, and so forth).
  • the node identifier is cross-referenced with a node table to determine the user identification of the creator of the node.
  • the node table includes the user-created content in a body field of the table. An example of the fields in the node table with descriptions for each field is shown in table B below.
  • node revisions table An example of some of the fields that may be included in the node revisions table is shown in table C below.
  • the suggestions, suggestions identification, suggestion history, node, and node revisions tables shown above can be cross-referenced to determine, for example, the user who submitted or posted the suggestion, the paragraph that the suggestion is associated with, the start and end position of the text in the paragraph that the suggestion is associated with, and the author of the paragraph.
  • Suggestions history table 520 includes the suggestion identifier field, a viewer identifier field, and a time stamp field.
  • the viewer identifier field includes a unique series of numbers, characters, letters, or combinations of these (e.g., alphanumeric).
  • the viewer identifier indicates the user identification of the user who views the suggestion.
  • the time stamp field includes a date (e.g., year, month, and day), time (e.g., hour, minute, and second), or both.
  • the time stamp indicates the date and time that a user viewed the suggestion.
  • An entry 575 in suggestions history table 520 includes suggestion identifier 536, a viewer identifier 578, and a time stamp 581.
  • an entry is made in the suggestions history table each time a unique user views or clicks on the suggestion.
  • the time stamp is updated each time the unique user views the suggestion.
  • suggestions history table 520 can be cross-referenced with suggestions table 516 to track which user viewed the suggestion and the time that the user viewed the suggestion.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow diagram for accessing the options from a toolbox of the invention.
  • a toolbox is invoked.
  • the toolbox is invoked after the user selects a portion of the content.
  • Figure 7 shows an example of a selected content 705 from a user created content 710. The user created content is displayed as part of a Web page within a window of a browser application program 711.
  • the user selects the portion of the content from a paragraph using a mouse. Specifically, the user clicks the left mouse button at a start position
  • the user holds down the left mouse button and drags the cursor over the portion.
  • the system responds by highlighting the portion as the user drags the cursor.
  • the user then releases the left mouse button at an end position 720 of the portion.
  • the system detects the release of the button and invokes a toolbox 725.
  • the system gathers and stores the paragraph identifier and the start and end positions of the selected content.
  • the paragraph identifier and start and end positions are transmitted from the client to the server.
  • Tables D-K below show examples of code for selecting the portion of the content, identifying the paragraph that the content is associated with, and identifying the position or location of the selected content within the paragraph.
  • Table D below shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser program for selecting and highlighting a portion of the content.
  • Table E below shows an example of code for the Firefox browser program for selecting and highlighting a portion of the content.
  • Table F below shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser program for capturing the selected text where the selected text includes plain text.
  • Table G shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser program for capturing the selected text where the selected text includes HTML tags.
  • Table H shows an example of code for the Firefox browser program for capturing the selected text. [217] Table H window.getSelectionQ;
  • Table I below shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser program for obtaining the paragraph identifier.
  • Table J shows an example of code for the Firefox browser program for obtaining the paragraph identifier.
  • Table K shows an example of code for calculating the start and end positions of the selected text.
  • a step 610 the system draws a top view of the toolbox.
  • the toolbox can be drawn at any position or location on the Web page or document. Typically, the toolbox is drawn such that it does not overlap the selected content. The toolbox may overlap the nonselected content. In a specific implementation, the toolbox is drawn so that it is positioned at or near the selected content. In this specific implementation, the toolbox is drawn such that an upper left-hand corner of the toolbox is positioned at or near the end position of the selected content.
  • the toolbox is displayed in a floating window which is superimposed over the Web page, i.e., the toolbox overlays the Web page or appears on top of the Web page.
  • the user can reposition the toolbox to any other position within the Web page.
  • the user using the left mouse button, can select a title bar of the toolbox, drag the toolbox to a new position, and then release the left mouse button.
  • the toolbox is displayed in a non-floating window. That is the toolbox is in a fixed position on the Web page and the user is not able to move the toolbox to a different position.
  • the toolbox includes five options including a make suggestion option 730a, a translate it option 730b, a hear it option 730c, a copy option 73Od, and a quote option 73Oe.
  • the toolbox includes a user-clickable object 735 (e.g., icon, link, or button) that when clicked or selected closes the toolbox and exits the toolbox program.
  • the system determines which toolbox options a user is authorized to perform and shows those options. Toolbox options that the user is not authorized to perform are not shown. For example, the system may allow only registered uses to make suggestions. If the user is a registered user the make suggestion option will be shown in the toolbox. If the user is not a registered user the make suggestion option will not be shown in the toolbox.
  • a step 620 (figure 6), the system receives a user selected toolbox option.
  • the system performs tasks associated with the selected toolbox option.
  • one or more of the flow steps shown in figure 6 is performed using executable code.
  • This code can be executable source code, interpreted code, or compiled code (e.g., binary or machine code).
  • This code can be executed by a browser or other execution mechanism (e.g., interpreter, compiler, plug-in, or browser plug-in) available on client device where the toolbox is invoked.
  • the code is executed by the processor of the client device.
  • the toolbox tool may be implemented using cloud computing, where users access the tool through the cloud.
  • the toolbox can be updated in the cloud, and delivered to users through, for example, their web browsers, so users do not need to manually update toolbox software on their system.
  • the code may be embedded with the content (e.g., document or Web page) that is transmitted from the server to the client.
  • the code can be embedded in the Web page document.
  • the executable code is delivered to that user.
  • the code may be sent or downloaded separately from the Web page.
  • code can be downloaded as a plug-in that resides on the user's device, and the Web page invokes this plug -in.
  • the code is written or uses AJAX (Asynchronous Java Script plus XML).
  • some other languages and protocols include Microsoft ActiveX, XML, PHP, Adobe Flash, Flex, Microsoft Silverlight, Java applets, JavaFX, Jscript, ASP, JavaServerFaces, Objective C, cascading style sheets (CSS), HTML5, H.264/AVC, Visual Basic for application, VBScript, Microsoft .NET, Lisp, Perl, Python, and others.
  • the code for the toolbox resides at and is executed at server. The user will interact with the server in user the server. In such an implementation, as more users use the toolbox, the server handles serving the toolbox to these multiple users.
  • executing code on the client does not require as much resources of the server; generally, such an implementation allows the system to scale to larger numbers of users more easily.
  • a system of the invention can handle many numbers of users such as from a few (such as 4, 5, 6, 7-16, 30) to many numbers (such as 5000, 10,000, 40,000, 1 million, 5 million, or more) at the same time.
  • a system of the invention allows these many users to use the toolbox to interact with each other.
  • the executable code running on the client device detects and the inputs of the user at the client device.
  • the user may indicate that the user wants to input some suggested text at a particular position in a Web page (this same Web page may include the executable code for the toolbox).
  • the toolbox will then draw a window on a screen of the client device seeking a suggestion input from the user.
  • the user types in the user's suggestion and indicates completion by hitting enter or hitting an appropriately labeled button (e.g., accept or finished) in the toolbox window.
  • the user accepts the user's input and stores this input.
  • the toolbox can store this input temporarily at the client device, such as for caching purposes, but the input will be transmitted to the server, where it is stored for later viewing by others (e.g., another user at a different client device) who pull up the Web page.
  • Figure 8 shows a flow diagram for making suggestions to user created content such as a body of text in a blog.
  • An arrow 805 indicates the user selected the make a suggestion option 730a (figure 7).
  • the system displays a suggestion view of the toolbox.
  • the suggestion view includes the selected content from the Web page, and suggestion and explanation input boxes.
  • Figure 9 shows an example of a suggestion view 905 of the toolbox.
  • the suggestion view includes selected content 705 (figure 7) displayed in a selected content box 909, a Web page author (or author of the content box) 910, a suggestion input box 915, an explanation input box 920, and a submit button 925.
  • the selected content when displayed in selected content box 909 can be displayed using any color to help call attention to the selected content.
  • the selected content is displayed in red, but can be displayed in any color such as blue, yellow, green, orange, black, pink, and purple.
  • a layout of the suggestion view includes the Web page author in an upper left-hand corner of the layout and the selected content in an upper right-hand corner of the layout.
  • the suggestion input box is below the Web page author and the selected content.
  • the explanation input box is below the suggestion input box.
  • the submit button is below the explanation input box.
  • the suggestion and explanation input boxes are between the Web page content author or the selected content and the submit button.
  • the explanation input box is between the suggestion input box and the submit button.
  • FIG 9 shows but one example of the layout or arrangement of the components (i.e., Web page content author, selected content, suggestion input box, explanation input box, and submit button).
  • the components can be arranged in any order or position.
  • the arrangement of the Web page content author and the selected content may be swapped.
  • the selected content may be displayed in the upper left-hand corner of the toolbox.
  • the Web page content author may be displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the toolbox, and so forth.
  • the selected content is also displayed in the suggestion input box. That is, the suggestion input box defaults or is prepopulated with the selected content. The user can make the suggestion by editing or changing specific portions of the selected content without having to retype other portions of the selected content that the user wishes to keep.
  • the suggestion input box is blank or empty.
  • the suggestion input box requires input and the explanation input box is optional. After the user clicks the submit button, the system checks whether or not the suggestion input box includes a suggestion. This check may be done at the client, at the server, or both. If there is no suggestion the system prompts the user via a dialog box to input a suggestion.
  • step 815 the system accepts the input from the suggestion and explanation input boxes.
  • a step 820 the system associates the suggestion with the paragraph (i.e., paragraph identifier) that the selected content is in and the position of the selected content within the paragraph.
  • a step 825 the system stores the suggestion, explanation, paragraph identifier, and position of the selected content in the suggestions database.
  • the system makes an entry in the suggestions database that includes the suggestion identifier, suggestion, explanation, paragraph identifier, and position. See figure 5.
  • the entry may further include assigning a status to the suggestion (e.g., assigning a new status).
  • a step 830 the system updates the suggestions identification database.
  • the system makes an entry in the suggestions identification database that includes the suggestion identifier, the suggester identifier, and the node identifier. See figure 5.
  • a link to view suggestions is displayed on the Web page when the user created content includes one or more suggestions.
  • the suggester can edit the suggestion after the suggestion is submitted.
  • the suggester may edit the suggestion before it is approved or rejected.
  • the user or suggester is not allowed to delete a suggestion after it has been made.
  • a user can delete a suggestion after it has been made.
  • Figure 10 shows a flow diagram for approving and rejecting suggestions. In a step
  • one or more suggestions from the suggestions database is displayed on a Web page.
  • a step 1015 the system receives an approval or a rejection of the suggestion.
  • a step 1020 if the system receives a rejection of the suggestion, the system changes the suggestion status from new to rejected.
  • a step 1025 the system updates the suggestions history database. See figure 5.
  • step 1030 if the system receives an approval of the suggestion, the system updates the Web page by replacing the selected content in the Web page with the suggestion.
  • the body column (see table B) is updated with the suggested text.
  • the timestamp column (see table B) is likewise updated to indicate the date and time of the update.
  • the updated Web page is stored in the user Web pages database. The browser window or Web page in the browser is refreshed to show the new Web page with the selected content now replaced with the suggestion.
  • step 1040 the system changes the suggestion status from new to approved.
  • step 1025 the suggestions history database is updated.
  • Table L below shows an example of code for replacing the selected content with the suggestion.
  • This example of code is written in a scripting language that may be referred to as Personal Home Page (PHP).
  • PGP Personal Home Page
  • the selected content includes text from a blog.
  • the code is executed when the user confirms their desire to replace the selected content with the suggestion (e.g., user clicks a "yes, Fm sure" button).
  • the system after receiving an indication of acceptance of a suggestion and before replacing the selected content with the suggestion, prompts the user for confirmation (e.g., displays a dialog box requesting confirmation). If the user confirms the acceptance, the selected content is replaced with the suggestion. If the user does not confirm the acceptance, the selected content is not replaced with the suggestion.
  • $ReplacedText implode(" ⁇ n",$OrgArray);//implode all array values and store into a single variable
  • a suggestion status is one of five status types including new, approved, discarded, agreed to, and agree pending.
  • the new status type is assigned to a newly submitted suggestion.
  • a suggestion with a new status type has not been approved or discarded.
  • suggestions that are new are displayed with an asterisk (e.g., orange asterisk) on certain Web pages such as the suggestions summary page. This helps to focus the user's attention on new or recent suggestions.
  • a suggestions summary page includes a first tab page and a second tab page.
  • the first tab page includes a list of suggestions given, identifies or displays the user who received the suggestion, identifies the title of the document or blog post to which the suggestion was made, identifies the date, time, or both of when the suggestion receiver viewed the suggestion, the status of the suggestion (e.g., discarded, approval pending, accepted, rejected, agreed, not agreed, conditionally accepted, conditionally rejected, and so forth), a number of suggestions given, a number of suggestions approved, and an approval rate.
  • a list of suggestions given identifies or displays the user who received the suggestion, identifies the title of the document or blog post to which the suggestion was made, identifies the date, time, or both of when the suggestion receiver viewed the suggestion, the status of the suggestion (e.g., discarded, approval pending, accepted, rejected, agreed, not agreed, conditionally accepted, conditionally rejected, and so forth), a number of suggestions given, a number of suggestions approved, and an approval rate.
  • the second tab page includes a list of suggestions received and may include information that is similar to the first tab page.
  • the second tab page with the list of suggestions received may identify or display the user who made the suggestion, the title of the document or blog post to which the suggestion was made, the date and time of when the suggestion was viewed, the status of the suggestion, a number of suggestions received, a number of suggestions approved, and an approval rate.
  • the suggestions summary page can be filtered, sorted, and searched. Suggestions may be filtered using any of the database fields (e.g., see table A) discussed in this application. Suggestions may be filtered based on user (or suggester), suggestion status, time of suggestion, date of suggestion, and so forth. Sorting suggestions include sorting suggestions chronologically, reverse chronologically, and alphabetically. Sorting may be on multiple levels on multiple fields (e.g., sort on user first, then sort by date).
  • the content owner may wish to see suggestions from a particular user and ignore or hide suggestions from other users.
  • Suggestions may be filtered by user (or suggester), date suggestion was made, time the suggestion was made, length of a suggestion, whether or not the suggestion includes an explanation, language fluency of the suggester, suggester' s native country, suggester' s rating information, one or more key words in a suggestion, explanation or both, suggestion status, or combinations of these — just to name a few examples.
  • the content owner may filter the suggestions to see suggestions from a particular user, or users who have a certain rating or experience level, or members of a particular group (e.g., teachers or instructors, board members, managers, students, a particular distribution list, or peers), while those users that are not part of that group will not be shown in the summary screen.
  • a particular group e.g., teachers or instructors, board members, managers, students, a particular distribution list, or peers
  • the content owner may filter and view in the summary only suggestions with respect to one paragraph of a page, while ignoring other suggestions on the page.
  • the content owner may filter and view in the summary only suggestions after a particular date, while ignoring other suggestions made before that date.
  • the content owner may filter and view in the summary only suggestions before a particular date, while ignoring other suggestions made after that date.
  • the content owner may filter and view in the summary only suggestions after a time on a particular date, while ignoring other suggestions made before that time and date.
  • the content owner may filter and view in the summary only suggestions before a particular time on a date, while ignoring other suggestions made after that time and date.
  • the system or a toolbox includes a search tool to allow the user to search the suggestions. Search options include searching based on key words, searches based on exclusions, searches based on exact phrases, searches based on any word in a phrase, searches covering a specific paragraph, a specific grouping of paragraphs, documents, or both, and so forth.
  • the approved status type is assigned to the suggestion when the author of the content approves the suggestion.
  • the discarded status type is assigned when the author of the content rejects or discards the suggestion.
  • the status types agreed to and agree pending are used in cases where there are two or more suggestions for the same selected content. For example, a first user may have made a first suggestion to a selected content. A second user may have made a second suggestion to the selected content. Initially, the status type for the first and second suggestions is new. The content author can then review the first and second suggestions and decide, for example, which suggestion to approve. When the content author approves one of the suggestions the status of the other suggestion changes from new to agree pending.
  • the system will not replace the selected content (now having been replaced by the first suggestion) with the second suggestion when the second suggestion is agreed to. Instead, the status agree to is used to indicate, for example, that while the content author generally agreed with the second suggestion, the content author preferred the first suggestion.
  • agreeing to the second suggestion replaces the selected content (or first suggestion). For example, the content author, after approving the first suggestion, may later prefer instead the second suggestion. The content author can then accept the second suggestion and the system will replace the selected content (or first suggestion) with the second suggestion.
  • a user is able to undo a suggestion. For example, after a suggestion has been approved and the suggestion has replaced a portion of the user created content, the user can undo a suggestion to arrive or revert back at the original content.
  • Figure 11 shows an example of a Web page 1105 displayed within a browser 1110.
  • the Web page includes user created content 1115.
  • the user created content includes one or more suggestions.
  • a current suggestions link 1120 is displayed on the Web page adjacent to the user created content. If there are no current suggestions link 1120 is not displayed.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a Web page 1205 to view and approve or reject (e.g., discard) suggestions when the user clicks suggestions link 1120 (figure 11).
  • a review view of a toolbox 1207 is invoked and drawn on the page.
  • First and second highlights 1208 and 1209 highlight selected portions of the user created content for which there are suggestions. In this example, two suggestions have been made.
  • a first suggestion has been made to a first selected content 1231. The first selected content is highlighted by the first highlight.
  • a second suggestion has been made to a second selected content 1232. The second selected content is highlighted by the second highlight.
  • Table M below shows an example of code for highlighting portions of the user created content for which there are suggestions.
  • the toolbox is drawn in a floating window and can be repositioned by the user. In another implementation, the toolbox is drawn in a fixed or non- floating window.
  • This toolbox includes a content author box 1225, a selected content box 1230, a suggester box 1235, a suggestion box 1240 with an edit suggestion link 1242, an explanation box 1245, an approve button 1250, a discard button 1255, a previous button 1260, and a next button 1265.
  • a user can submit a suggestion without having to input an explanation for the suggestion. If this is the case explanation box 1245 is not be displayed since there is no explanation to display.
  • the toolbox has a layout as shown in the example of figure 12. A first or top row of the layout includes the content author box and the selected content box. A second row includes the suggestion box. A third row includes the explanation box for the suggestion, if any. The suggester box spans across the second and third rows. A fourth row includes the approve and discard buttons. A fifth row includes the previous and next buttons.
  • figure 12 shows but one example of the layout or arrangement of the components.
  • the components can be arranged in any order or position.
  • the content author is the user who authored the user created content.
  • the toolbox shows one suggestion and the associated selected content and explanation at a time.
  • the selected content box displays either first selected content 1231 or second selected content 1232.
  • the suggestion box displays either the first suggestion or the second suggestion.
  • the next and previous buttons allow the user to scroll though the various suggestions that might have been made to various portions of the user created content.
  • the toolbox may display any number of suggestions and selected content.
  • the order in which the suggestions are traversed using the toolbox is with respect to the position or location of the suggestions within the user created content.
  • the order is left to right and top to bottom within the user created content.
  • a location of first selected content 1231 is above a location of second selected content 1232 within user created content 1115.
  • selected content box 1230 will display the first selected content and suggestion box 1240 will display the first suggestion, i.e., the suggestion associated with the first selected content.
  • the order in which the suggestions are traversed is right to left and bottom to top with respect to the position or location of the suggestions within the user created content.
  • the suggestions are ordered according to the time they were made (e.g., chronologically or reverse chronologically).
  • a highlighting style of the highlights is based on which suggestion is currently displayed in the toolbox. This allows the user to quickly associate the suggestion displayed in the toolbox with the specific piece of selected content within the user created content.
  • first highlight 1208 is displayed using a first highlighting style.
  • Second highlight 1209 is displayed using a second highlighting style, different from the first highlighting style.
  • the first highlighting style includes a solid underline.
  • the second highlighting style includes a dotted or dashed underline. It should be appreciated that any highlighting style or any mark or visual indicator may be used.
  • Some examples of other highlighting styles or techniques include colors, boxes, clouds, bubbles, shading, icons, animation, different font types, different font sizes, and combinations of these (e.g., solid red underline or dashed red underline).
  • the highlighting style of first highlight 1208 changes from the first highlighting style to the second highlighting style.
  • the highlighting style of second highlight 1209 changes from the second highlighting style to the first highlighting style.
  • Edit suggestion link 1242 allows the content author to edit the suggestion before approving or discarding the suggestion.
  • the content author after reviewing the suggestion, may generally agree with the suggestion, but may want to make some changes to the suggestion.
  • the content author can click the edit suggestion link to be presented with an editable version of the suggestion.
  • the content author can then edit the suggestion.
  • the approve button the edited suggestion replaces the selected content.
  • the system or a toolbox includes one or more filters to allow a user to filter suggestions. For example, a user A may wish to see suggestions from a particular user and hide suggestions from other users. The particular user may be, for example, someone that user A particularly trusts to offer good suggestions. Any of the database fields discussed in this application, including combinations of database fields, may be used to filter suggestions.
  • Suggestions may be filtered by user (or suggester), date suggestion was made, time the suggestion was made, length of a suggestion, whether or not the suggestion includes an explanation, language fluency of the suggester, suggester' s native country, suggester' s rating information, one or more key words in a suggestion, explanation or both (e.g., show me suggestions that have the word "lobster” in them), suggestion status, or combinations of these — just to name a few examples.
  • User A may filter the suggestions to see suggestions from users who have a certain rating or experience level. For example, user A may filter the suggestions to see suggestions from users who have made a certain number of suggestions (e.g., show me suggestions from users who have made 50 or more suggestions), user A may filter the suggestions to see suggestions from users who have a certain approval or acceptance rating (e.g., show me suggestions from users who have had at least 80 percent of their suggestions accepted, show me suggestions from users whose suggestions I have previously accepted), user A may filter the suggestions to see suggestions from their network of friends (e.g., show me suggestions from users who are in my friends group, show me suggestions from users who are in my family group), user A may filter suggestions to see suggestions from suggesters who have a particular language fluency (e.g., show me suggestions from users who are experts in Japanese, show me suggestions from users who are fluent in Spanish), and so forth. [289] These filters can help user A to sort through suggestions, especially when the document includes dozens, hundreds, or thousands of suggestions.
  • the system or a toolbox includes a search tool to allow the user to search the suggestions.
  • Search options include searching based on key words, searches based on exclusions (e.g., search suggestions having the word "rock” but not the word “olive"), searches based on exact phrases, searches based on any word in a phrase, searches covering a specific paragraph, a specific grouping of paragraphs, documents, or both, and so forth.
  • toolbox 725 may instead or additionally include any of the other options besides make a suggestion 730a for the user to select.
  • the user after selecting content 705 may translate the selected content by clicking the translate it option.
  • the "translate it" feature is initiated when the EnglishCafe user wants to read the text of the blog translated into some other language. It may be done by selecting the text for which the user wants to translate and selecting the translate it option from the toolbox.
  • the user can enter a suggestion in one particular language (e.g., Spanish) and have it translated into another language (e.g., English).
  • Other translations maybe Chinese to English, English to Chinese, English to German, German to English, English to Spanish, and Spanish to English, Spanish to Hindi, and Hindi to English, and others.
  • the user can view the translated suggestion and make edits to the selected translation before indicating or electing to enter and save the suggestion.
  • the user who would like to read a text in the desired language can be an EnglishCafe user, authenticated user or an anonymous user.
  • An example of the flow of the translate it feature is as follows. [294] 1. The user visits a blog post.
  • Table N below shows an example of code for translating the selected content.
  • $ch curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT HEADER, 0); curl setopt ($ch, CURLOPT REFERER, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT POST, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
  • the user after selecting content 705 may hear a vocalization of the selected content by clicking the hear it option.
  • the "hear it" feature is initiated when the EC user wants to hear the text of the blog. It may be done by selecting the text for which the user wants to hear and select the hear it option from the toolbox.
  • the user who would like to hear a text can be an EnglishCafe user, authenticated user, or an anonymous user. Audio drive should be installed.
  • a flow example of the hear it feature is as follows.
  • Table P below shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser for playing the file with an embedded tag.
  • Table Q below shows an example of code for the Firefox browser for playing the file with an embedded tag.
  • the user after selecting content 705 may copy the selected content to a clipboard by clicking the copy option.
  • the "copy it" feature is initiated when the EC user wants to copy a portion of the text of the blog. It may be done by selecting the text for which the user wants to copy and select the copy option from the toolbox.
  • the user who would like to copy a text is an EnglishCafe user, authenticated user or an anonymous user.
  • An example flow of the copy feature is as follows.
  • Table R below shows an example of code for the Internet Explorer browser for copying the selected content.
  • Table S below shows an example of code for the Firefox browser for copying the selected content.
  • the "quote" feature is initiated when the EC user wants to comment a part of the text of the blog. It may be done by selecting the text for which the user wants to comment and select the quote option from the toolbox.
  • the user who would like to comment for a portion of text is an EnglishCafe user or authenticated user.
  • an anonymous user does not have permission to comment on a blog post.
  • the comment can be in the form of text, photo, audio or video.
  • Table T shows an example of JavaScript code for quoting the selected content.
  • Figure 13 shows an example of a Web page 1305 where multiple suggestions (i.e., two or more suggestions) have been made to the same selected content.
  • first and second suggestions 1310 and 1315 respectively, have been made to a selected content 1320.
  • the system allows any number of suggestions to be made to a selected content. For example, there can be two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more than ten suggestions made to the selected content.
  • the system allows suggester A to select a portion of content (i.e., selected content 1320) and make the first suggestion.
  • the system allows suggester B to select the same portion of content (i.e., selected content 1320) and make the second suggestion. If the suggester so desires the suggester can provide an explanation of the suggestion.
  • a user can use the next and previous buttons of the toolbox to scroll through and view the first and second suggestions. For example, in this specific implementation, selected content 1320 is displayed in selected content box 1230 and the first suggestion is displayed in suggestion box 1240. The user can click the next button to view the second suggestion. That is, the toolbox then displays the second suggestion in suggestion box 1240. Selected content
  • the user such as the content author can view the different suggestions that have been made to the selected content.
  • the content author can choose which suggestion (e.g., first or second suggestion) to approve.
  • the selected content may state:
  • Suggester B can offer as the second suggestion:
  • the content author can then review the two suggestions and decide which suggestion to approve. For example, the content author may decide that the first suggestion is more appropriate and approve the first suggestion. Then, the selected content will be replaced by the first suggestion.
  • a suggester can make any number of suggestions for a selected content.
  • the system allows suggester A to make the first suggestion for the selected content. After making the suggestion, suggester A may think of another alternative suggestion. Thus, the system allows suggester A to once again select the content (i.e., selected content) and make the second suggestion.
  • a selected content can overlap or partially overlap with another selected content.
  • a portion of the first selected content may also be in the second selected content.
  • the portion may be referred to as the overlapping portion.
  • a first suggestion is associated with the first selected content.
  • a second suggestion is associated with the second selected content.
  • the system blocks the content author from approving the second suggestion since the second suggestion may no longer be relevant. That is, the first selected content which includes the overlapping portion has been replaced with the first suggestion. And, since the second suggestion was made in reference to the overlapping portion, the second suggestion may no longer be relevant.
  • the system allows the content author to approve the second suggestion after the first suggestion has been approved.
  • the approval of the first suggestion is undone. That is, the first suggestion is replaced by the first selected content. The second selected content is then replaced by the second suggestion.
  • the system facilitates or permits any number of annotations (e.g., suggestions or comments) to be associated or attached to user-generated content. These annotations can be by the same user or different users. So, a first user can select and annotate an entire paragraph. Then after the first user's annotation, a second user can select and annotate any portion of that paragraph (or the entire paragraph again) without restriction. The second user's annotation will not be a subannotation or reply to the first user's annotation. This feature of the system helps prevent system misuse (e.g., spam users) or others who might want to vandalize another person's user content.
  • annotations e.g., suggestions or comments
  • a first user may vandalize another person's user content (e.g., a fan site for the San Francisco Giants) by selecting the entire content and leaving a note "The Dodgers Rule! Then without the implementation of described in this application, further annotations would be prevented altogether (but other users will see the graffiti). Or if the system allows subannotations or replies to the first annotation, then other user will see the graffiti first before other perhaps more serious comments. Therefore, the implementation as described in this application facilitates an open system which does not permit those who intend to misuse the system from abusing other user's content. [359] Further, the system facilitates the sharing of ideas such as for language learning and does not give any preference to the first user who leaves a comment. Subsequent users can leave annotations just as if they were the first user to leave an annotation. Later users who leave comments are not prevented from commenting on exactly the same user content or any portion of user content which was previously commented on.
  • another person's user content e.g., a fan site for the San Francisco Giants
  • users may be blocked from making suggestions.
  • users who abuse the system by making inappropriate suggestions e.g., suggestions having foul language, racial epithets, or abusive language
  • the system may include a link to report users who make inappropriate suggestions.
  • users may be blocked from receiving suggestions.
  • the system includes a payment scheme based on the suggestions. For example, in various implementations, a user is permitted to receive and access a threshold number of suggestions without having to make a payment to the system. Once the threshold number is reached, the user must make a payment in order receive and access suggestions. A user may be permitted to receive and access an unlimited number of suggestions for a threshold time period, such as during a trial time period. Once the trial time period has elapsed, the user must make a payment in order to receive and access suggestions.
  • a user may be permitted to receive a suggestion (or receive an indication that a suggestion has been made), but may not be permitted to access the suggestion (e.g., view the suggestion) unless the user makes a payment.
  • the payment scheme may include a subscription-based payment mechanism, a pay-as-you-go payment mechanism, or both.
  • a user pays, for example, a monthly fee to receive and access suggestions.
  • the number of suggestions allowed to be received and accessed may be unlimited or may be capped at a specific threshold and thereafter an additional charge may apply.
  • the pay-as-you-go payment mechanism the user pays to receive and access suggestions on a per suggestion basis.
  • an advertisement is included with the suggestion and a user must view the advertisement, listen to the advertisement, or both before being permitted to view the suggestion.
  • a user can make a payment to not have to view the advertisement, listen to the advertisement, or both before being permitted to view the suggestion.
  • a method includes receiving a request from a first client device to view a first web page including at least a first paragraph of user-generated content stored in a user web pages database of a system. Transmitting the first web page with computer code to the first client device.
  • the computer code is executable by a browser executing on first client device used to view the first web page.
  • the method further includes permitting a first user at the first client device to select text in the first paragraph from within the browser, using the computer code at the first client device, detecting a selection of text in the first paragraph of the browser, using the computer code at the first client device, after the selection of text is made, permitting the first user to type a first annotation, and storing in an annotations database the first annotation and an associated position of the first annotation in the first paragraph.
  • the annotations database is separate from the web pages database and resides on a storage device remote to the first client device.
  • the method further includes permitting a second user to select at least a portion of the text selected by the first user and permitting the second user to type a second annotation for the at least a portion of the text selected by the first user.
  • the permitting the second user to type a second annotation for the at least a portion of the text selected by the first user may include not displaying a warning message that another annotation had previously been entered for the at least a portion of the text selected by the first user.
  • permitting the first user to type a first annotation further may further include permitting the first user to type a first replacement suggestion for the selection of text.
  • the method may further include after permitting the first user to type a first replacement suggestion for the selection of text, if an owner of the first web page approves, replacing the selection of text with the first replacement suggestion.
  • a method includes receiving at a first client device a first
  • Web page to be displayed within a first browser application and computer code to be executed by the first browser application, permitting a first user at the first client device to select text in a first paragraph of the first Web page within the first browser application, using the computer code, detecting a selection of the text in the first paragraph, using the computer code, requesting from the first user an annotation to be associated with the detected selection of text, and storing the annotation and position information identifying the first paragraph and a location of the detected selection of text in the first paragraph in a database residing at a server, remote from the first client device.
  • the method may further include receiving at a second client device the first Web page to be displayed within a second browser application, permitting a second user at the second client device to approve the annotation, after the second user approves the annotation, updating the first paragraph by replacing the detected selection of text with the annotation, storing the updated first paragraph in a second database, different from the database, at the server, and receiving at the second client device a second Web page to be displayed within the second browser application, where the second Web page includes the updated first paragraph.
  • the method may further include receiving at a third client device the second Web page to be displayed within a third browser application.
  • the requesting from the first user an annotation includes requesting from the first user an explanation of the annotation and the storing the annotation and position information includes storing the explanation in the database.
  • the method includes after the detecting a selection of the text in the first paragraph, using the computer code, drawing a window on top of the first Web page, where the window includes a first user-selectable option and a second user-selectable option.
  • the method may further include permitting a second user at a second client device to view the annotation and storing a time stamp in the database at the server indicating when the second user viewed the annotation.
  • a method includes receiving at a second client device the first Web page to be displayed within a second browser application, permitting a second user at the second client device to edit the annotation, after the second user edits the annotation, updating the first paragraph by replacing the detected selection of text with the edited annotation, storing the updated first paragraph in a second database, different from the database, at the server, and receiving at the second client device a second Web page to be displayed within the second browser application, where the second Web page includes the updated first paragraph.
  • the method may further include after the storing the annotation and position information, receiving at a second client device the first Web page to be displayed within a second browser application and the computer code, and using the computer code, permitting a second user at the second client device to turn on and turn off highlighting of the detected selection of text.
  • a method includes receiving at a first client device a first Web page to be displayed within a first browser application and computer code to be executed by the first browser application, permitting a first user at the first client device to select text in a first paragraph of the first Web page within the first browser application, where the first paragraph is associated with a paragraph identifier, using the computer code, detecting a selection of the text in the first paragraph, using the computer code, requesting from the first user an annotation to be associated with the detected selection of text, and storing the annotation, paragraph identifier, and position information identifying a location of the detected selection of text in the first paragraph in a database residing at a server, remote from the first client device.
  • a system includes a set of databases residing at a server.
  • a first database includes a set of Web pages.
  • Each Web page includes a set of paragraphs.
  • Each paragraph has a unique paragraph identifier.
  • There is also a client computer having a browser to request and receive a first Web page over a network.
  • the computer code includes the capability to detect a selection of text in a first paragraph of the first Web page by a first user at the client computer, receive an annotation to be associated with the detected selection of text from the first user, identify a unique paragraph identifier of the first paragraph, and transmit to the server the annotation, unique paragraph identifier of the first paragraph, and information indicating a position of the detected selection of text in the first paragraph,
  • the annotation, unique paragraph identifier of the first paragraph, and information indicating a position of the detected selection of text in the first paragraph is stored in a second database.
  • a method includes providing a Web page including a set of content to be displayed on a computer display device using a Web browser, in response to a selection of a portion of a content by a user using a pointing device, providing a first view of a pop-up toolbox to the user.
  • the first view of the pop-up toolbox includes a set of user- selectable options.
  • providing a second view of the pop-up toolbox to the user where the second view of the toolbox includes a suggestion text entry box.
  • the method further includes receiving at a server input from the user including a suggestion inputted into the suggestion text entry box, and storing the suggestion and position information on the suggestion in a suggestions database at the server.
  • the set of content is stored in a separate database and the position information includes information identifying the content and information identifying a location of the selected portion within the content.
  • a method includes transmitting from a server system code and content associated with a Web page to a client, invoking via the code a pop-up toolbox after a user selects a portion of the content using a pointing device at the client, where the pop-up toolbox allows the user to input a suggestion to be associated with the selected portion of content, receiving from the client the suggestion associated with the selected portion of content and first information.
  • the first information includes a content identifier, a start position of the selected portion within the content, and an end position of the selected portion within the content.
  • the method further includes storing the first information in a suggestions database.
  • the suggestions database is separate from a database that stores the content associated with the Web page.
  • a method includes providing a first Web page including a set of paragraphs to be displayed on a computer client display device using a Web browser. Each paragraph includes a set of characters. The method further includes detecting on the display a click of a left mouse button of a pointing device by a first user indicating a start position of a subset of characters within a first paragraph, permitting the first user to hold down the left mouse button and drag a cursor of the pointing device over the subset of characters to select the subset, highlighting the subset of characters on the display as the first user drags the cursor, after detecting a release of the left mouse button by the first user indicating an end position of the subset, highlighting the subset of characters on the display in a translucent color and invoking a pop-up toolbox on the display in which the first user can enter a suggestion to be associated with the selected subset of characters, and storing at a server system the suggestion and first information in a suggestions database.
  • a system includes a server, accessible to a plurality of client devices via a network.
  • the server is operable to transmit to a first client device of a first user content created by a second user and a suggestions tool.
  • the suggestions tool includes browser-executable code to detect the first user's selection of a portion of the content and to request from the first user a suggestion for the selected portion for the second user to accept or reject.
  • the suggestions database stores the suggestion and position information identifying a location of the selected portion of content.
  • There is a user content database stores the content created by the second user and when the second user accepts the suggestion, the content is updated with the suggestion via a replacement of the selected portion of content with the suggestion. The updated content is stored in the user content database.
  • the suggestions database may store a content identifier to associate the content created by the second user with the suggestion from the first user.
  • the position information may include a starting position of the selected portion of content and an ending position of the selected portion of content.
  • the browser-executable code of the suggestions tool may request from the first user an explanation of the suggestion.
  • the explanation may be stored in the suggestions database.
  • the content may include text.
  • a method includes receiving first suggestion information from a first client device of a first user of online content.
  • the online content is created by a second user.
  • the first suggestion information includes a first suggestion for a first selected portion of the online content for the second user to accept or reject, and first starting and ending positions of the first selection, the first selection being between the first starting and ending positions.
  • the method further includes storing in a suggestion database the first suggestion, and the first starting and ending positions of the first selection. Receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion. And after the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, using the first starting and ending positions to replace the first selection between the first starting and ending positions with the first suggestion.
  • the method may further include receiving second suggestion information from a second client device of a third user of the online content, where the second suggestion information includes a second suggestion for a second selected portion of the online content for the second user to accept or reject, and second starting and ending positions of the second selection, the second selection being between the second starting and ending positions.
  • Receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the second suggestion receives an indication that the second user has accepted the second suggestion.
  • using the second starting and ending positions to replace the second selection between the second starting and ending positions with the second suggestion.
  • the second selection may include at least a portion of the first suggestion.
  • the method before the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, includes receiving second suggestion information from a second client device of a third user of the online content.
  • the second suggestion information includes a second suggestion for a second selected portion of the online content for the second user to accept or reject. At least a portion of the first and second selections overlap.
  • the method includes storing in the suggestion database the second suggestion. And, after the receiving an indication that the second user has accepted the first suggestion, not permitting the second user to accept the second suggestion.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur une boîte à outils accessible par réseau qui permet une annotation collaborative, facilitant une interaction et une communication entre des utilisateurs. Dans une mise en œuvre, un contenu sur une page Internet, ou autre page ou document accessible par un réseau ou Internet, peut être annoté. Un utilisateur peut visualiser la page et avec la boîte à outils, sélectionner un contenu sur la page et effectuer une annotation ou suggestion. De multiples utilisateurs peuvent visualiser et faire des annotations sur la même page en même temps. Après que des annotations sont faites, les utilisateurs peuvent visualiser la page avec des annotations faites par d'autres utilisateurs. L'auteur ou propriétaire de la page peut accepter ou refuser les annotations ou suggestions faites sur la page. Si le propriétaire accepte une suggestion particulière, le contenu sélectionné est remplacé par la suggestion.
PCT/US2010/032466 2009-04-24 2010-04-26 Outil d'annotation collaboratif accessible par réseau Ceased WO2010124302A2 (fr)

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CN2010800287815A CN102460413A (zh) 2009-04-24 2010-04-26 网络可访问的协作注解工具
BRPI1011840A BRPI1011840A2 (pt) 2009-04-24 2010-04-26 ferramenta de anotações colaborativas acessíveis de rede

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