WO2010122669A1 - 新規化合物アミコラマイシン、その製造方法及びその用途 - Google Patents
新規化合物アミコラマイシン、その製造方法及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010122669A1 WO2010122669A1 PCT/JP2009/058210 JP2009058210W WO2010122669A1 WO 2010122669 A1 WO2010122669 A1 WO 2010122669A1 JP 2009058210 W JP2009058210 W JP 2009058210W WO 2010122669 A1 WO2010122669 A1 WO 2010122669A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/044—Pyrrole radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
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- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/16—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms containing two or more hetero rings
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/46—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical bound to a cyclohexyl radical, e.g. kasugamycin
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel compound having excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria such as drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria, a production method and use thereof, and a novel microorganism that is a microorganism producing the novel compound .
- Staphylococcus aureus is known as a causative agent of purulent disease, pneumonia, food poisoning, etc., but the appearance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that has acquired resistance to many drugs such as the antibiotic methicillin. Has become a major clinical problem.
- MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- VRSA vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria can be a major problem not only in humans but also in animals other than humans.
- livestock pneumonia such as cattle and pigs can be effectively prevented or prevented in the livestock industry. It is desirable to treat. Therefore, development of a new compound having an excellent antibacterial activity against such causative bacteria of livestock pneumonia is also desired at present.
- Sievert DM Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Vancomcin-United States, 2002. MMWR July 5, 2002; 51: 565-567.
- the present invention relates to a novel compound having excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria such as drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria, tautomers thereof, salts thereof, and production methods thereof, and
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel microorganism which is a bacterium producing the novel compound, its tautomer, or a salt thereof, and an antibacterial agent utilizing the novel compound, a tautomer, or a salt thereof. To do.
- the present inventors have intensively studied and succeeded in isolating a strain belonging to the genus Amycolatopsis as a novel microorganism. I found out that it was producing.
- the present inventors have found that this antibiotic has excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria such as drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria, and further analyzed the chemical structure of this antibiotic As a result, it was confirmed that this was a novel compound, and the present invention was completed.
- this novel compound “Amycolamycin”.
- ⁇ 1> A compound represented by the following structural formula (1), a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof.
- ⁇ 2> A method for producing the compound according to ⁇ 1>, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, which belongs to the genus Amycolatopsis , the compound according to ⁇ 1>, and a tautomer thereof. Cultivating a microorganism having an ability to produce a mutant or a salt thereof, and collecting the compound, its tautomer or a salt thereof according to ⁇ 1> from the obtained culture. And a tautomer or a salt thereof.
- a microorganism that belongs to the genus Amycolatopsis and has the ability to produce the compound according to ⁇ 1>, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof is Amicholato having the accession number FERM P-21465 A method for producing the compound according to ⁇ 2>, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof, which is an Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain.
- ⁇ 4> A microorganism belonging to the genus Amycolatopsis and having the ability to produce the compound according to ⁇ 1>, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof.
- ⁇ 5> The microorganism according to ⁇ 4>, which is an Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain having a deposit number of FERM P-21465.
- An antibacterial agent comprising the compound according to ⁇ 1>, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the above-mentioned conventional problems can be solved, the above-mentioned object can be achieved, and a novel compound having excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria such as drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria,
- the tautomer, or a salt thereof, and a production method thereof and the novel compound, the tautomer, or a novel microorganism that is a producer of the salt, and the novel compound, the tautomerism thereof
- An antibacterial agent using the body or a salt thereof can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a chart of an infrared absorption spectrum of amicolamycin measured by the KBr tablet method.
- Vertical axis transmittance (%), horizontal axis: wave number (cm ⁇ 1 ).
- FIG. 2 is a chart of the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of amicolamycin in methanol.
- Vertical axis absorbance (Abs), horizontal axis: wavelength (nm).
- FIG. 3 is a chart of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum at 600 MHz, measured at 30 ° C. in deuterated methanol of amicolamycin.
- Horizontal axis ppm unit.
- FIG. 4 is a chart of the carbon-13 NMR spectrum at 150 MHz measured in deuterated methanol in amicolamycin at 30 ° C. Horizontal axis: ppm unit.
- the compound of the present invention is represented by the following structural formula (1).
- the compound represented by the following structural formula (1) is a novel compound isolated by the present inventors, and may be hereinafter referred to as “Amycolamycin”.
- FIG. 8 As a proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, a proton NMR spectrum measured at 30 ° C. in deuterated methanol at 600 MHz is as shown in FIG. (8) As a carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, a carbon-13 NMR spectrum measured at 30 ° C. in deuterated methanol at 150 MHz is as shown in FIG. (9) In thin layer chromatography of silica gel 60F 254 (Merck) as thin layer chromatography, Rf value when developed using chloroform: methanol (9: 1, volume ratio) as developing solvent is 0. .31.
- the compound has a structure represented by the structural formula (1) can be confirmed by various analysis methods selected as appropriate. For example, the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance, and the like. This can be confirmed by analyzing the spectrum, the infrared absorption spectrum, the mass spectrum, and the like.
- the amicolamycin has tautomerism, and therefore the amicolamycin includes tautomers thereof.
- Examples of the structural formula of the tautomer of amicolamycin include, but are not limited to, the following four structural formulas.
- the amicolamycin can take several types of structural patterns, and is considered to exist in an unfixed state in a certain state.
- the amicolamycin may show a chart slightly different from that in FIGS. 3 and 4 when the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, or the like is analyzed.
- a compound having a structure represented by the structural formula (1) can actually take several types of structure patterns and is not fixed in a certain state.
- the charts in the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, etc. show a slightly different state, those skilled in the art will recognize the amicolamycin. Can be easily identified.
- the amicolamycin may be in a salt state.
- the salt is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include alkali metal salts with sodium, potassium, etc .; alkaline earth metal salts with calcium, magnesium, etc .; methylamine, ethylamine, And organic amine salts with diethanolamine and the like.
- the amicolamycin, tautomers thereof, or salts thereof may be obtained from the bacterium producing amicolamycin or may be obtained by chemical synthesis. Especially, it is preferable that the said amicolamycin, its tautomer, or those salts are obtained by the manufacturing method of the compound of this invention mentioned later, its tautomer, or those salts.
- the amicolamycin, its tautomer, and salts thereof are excellent against a wide range of gram-positive and negative bacteria including drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria, as shown in Test Examples 1 to 4 described later. Have antibacterial activity. Therefore, the said amicolamycin, its tautomer, thru
- the method for producing the compound of the present invention belongs to the genus Amycolatopsis , and amicolamycin, its tautomer, or a salt thereof.
- a microorganism having the ability to produce amicolamycin, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof is collected from the obtained culture.
- amicolamycin obtained by culturing microorganisms may be referred to as “antibiotic antibiotic amicolamycin”.
- the antibiotic amicolamycin is produced by inoculating a nutrient medium with a producing bacterium that produces the antibiotic amicolamycin (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as “amicolamycin producing bacterium”). This is done by culturing at a good temperature, which results in a culture containing the antibiotic amicolamycin.
- a nutrient medium used for such a purpose a medium that can be used for culturing actinomycetes is used.
- a nutrient source for example, a commercially available nitrogen source such as soybean flour, peptone, yeast extract, meat extract, corn steep liquor, ammonium sulfate or the like can be used.
- Carbon sources such as tomato paste, glycerin, starch, carbohydrates such as glucose, galactose and dextrin, and fats can be used. Further, inorganic salts such as sodium chloride and calcium carbonate can be added to the medium for use. In addition, if necessary, a trace amount of metal salt can be added to the medium and used. Any of these materials may be used as long as they are utilized by the antibiotic amicolamycin-producing bacteria and are useful for the production of the antibiotic amicolamycin, and all known actinomycete culture materials can be used.
- microorganisms belonging to the genus Amycolatopsis and capable of producing the antibiotic amicolamycin are used.
- the amicolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain isolated by the present inventors (FERM P-21465, details are described in the section of the microorganism of the present invention described later) can produce the antibiotic amicolamycin. It has been clarified by the inventors.
- other strains capable of producing the antibiotic amicolamycin can be isolated from the natural world by conventional methods for isolating antibiotic-producing bacteria.
- antibiotic amicolamycin It is also possible to enhance the production ability of the antibiotic amicolamycin by subjecting the antibiotic amicolamycin-producing bacteria, including the above-mentioned Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain, to irradiation and other mutation treatments. . Furthermore, it is possible to produce the antibiotic amicolamycin by genetic engineering techniques.
- a seed culture medium for producing the antibiotic amicolamycin for example, a growth obtained from a slope culture of amicolamycin-producing bacteria on an agar medium can be used.
- the culture temperature is not particularly limited as long as it does not substantially inhibit the growth of amicolamycin-producing bacteria and can produce the antibiotic amicolamycin, and can be appropriately selected according to the producing bacteria used. Among them, a temperature within the range of 25 to 35 ° C. is preferable.
- the production of the antibiotic amicolamycin by the above-mentioned Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain usually reaches its maximum in 3 to 9 days, but it is generally preferable to continue until sufficient antibacterial activity is imparted to the medium.
- the change over time in the titer of the antibiotic amicolamycin in the culture can be measured, for example, by the HPLC method or the cylindrical plate method using Staphylococcus aureus or the like as the test bacterium.
- the antibiotic amicolamycin is collected from the obtained culture, and as the collection method, means used for collecting a metabolite produced by a microorganism can be appropriately used.
- the antibiotic amicolamycin may be used alone or in combination with extraction means using a solvent that is not mixed with water, means utilizing differences in adsorption affinity for various adsorbents, gel filtration, chromatography using countercurrent distribution, etc. Can be collected.
- the antibiotic amicolamycin is extracted from the cells by a solvent extraction method using an appropriate organic solvent or an elution method by disrupting the cells, and isolated and purified in the same manner as described above. be able to.
- the production method can be carried out as described above, whereby the antibiotic amicolamycin (amicolamycin) or a tautomer thereof can be obtained.
- the amicolamycin or its tautomer is an acidic substance
- the salt of the amicolamycin or its tautomer is, for example, various metals such as pharmaceutically acceptable alkali metals or the like. It can be produced using an organic base such as a quaternary ammonium salt and generally known methods.
- the microorganism of the present invention belongs to the genus Amycolatopsis and has the ability to produce the compound of the present invention described above, that is, Amycolamycin, its tautomer, or a salt thereof. To do.
- the microorganism belongs to the genus Amycolatopsis and has the ability to produce amicolamycin, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof. Therefore, the compound of the present invention described above, a tautomer thereof, In the salt production method, any microorganism can be used as long as it is a microorganism that can be used as an amicolamycin-producing bacterium, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- microorganisms in particular, in May 1996, at the Microbial Chemistry Research Center of the Foundation for Microbial Chemistry, it was an actinomycete isolated from soil in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, and was assigned the strain number MK575-fF5. It is preferable to use microorganisms.
- the mycological properties of the MK575-fF5 strain are as follows.
- the mycelium is well divided and has a zigzag shape. There is also a split. Air hyphae may or may not settle. When settled, the aerial hyphae are relatively long, and are divided into cylindrical spores in a straight or irregular shape. Its surface is smooth and the size is about 0.4-0.6 ⁇ 0.8-2.2 microns. In addition, air hyphae may be entangled to form a spherical shape. Ring production, fungus bundles, spore capsules and motile spores are not observed.
- Cellular component (1) Cell wall composition Contains meso-type 2,6-diaminopimelic acid. (2) Reducing sugar in the whole cell body It contains arabinose and galactose and is type A. (3) Isoprenoid quinone It contains MK-9 (H 4 ) and a small amount of MK-10 (H 4 ) as the main menaquinone. (4) Phospholipid type PII (including phosphatidylethanolamine, not including phosphatidylcholine and unknown glucosamine-containing phospholipid). (5) Mycolic acid does not contain.
- 16S rRNA gene A partial base sequence (1455nt) of 16S rRNA gene was determined, and homology search was performed using an international base sequence database (GenBank / DDBJ / EMBL). As a result, the base sequence of the MK575-fF5 strain was highly homologous to the 16S rRNA gene of the actinomycetes of the genus Amycolatopsis as shown below. Amycolatopsis kentuckyensis (99.1%), Amycolatopsis rifamycinica (99.03%), Amycolatopsis mediterranei (98.9%), Amycolatopsis balhimycetica . In addition, the homologous value of the base sequence is shown in parentheses.
- the basic mycelium of the MK575-fF5 strain has a zigzag shape and is divided.
- the aerial hyphae are straight or irregularly curved, and are divided into cylindrical spores. Ring production, fungus bundles, spore capsules and motile spores are not observed. In various media, the growth is colorless to yellowish. There are cases where white to light aerial hyphae are grown or not. No soluble dye is observed.
- the optimum growth temperature is around 30 ° C. Formation of melanin-like pigments and starch hydrolyzability are negative, and nitrate reduction is positive.
- the cell component of MK575-fF5 strain contains meso-type 2,6-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose in the whole cell hydrolyzate, cell wall type IV type, and all cell reducing sugars show type A It was. Further, it did not contain mycolic acid, the phospholipid was PII type (containing phosphatidylethanolamine, not containing phosphatidylcholine and unknown glucosamine-containing phospholipid), and the main menaquinone was MK-9 (H 4 ). When the partial base sequence of 16S rRNA gene was compared with the data of known strains, it showed high homology with the base sequence of Amycolatopsis actinomycetes.
- the MK575-fF5 strain was considered to belong to the genus Amycolatopsis (literature, International Journal of Systemic Bacteriology, 36, 29-37, 1986). Therefore, the MK575-fF5 strain was designated as Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain.
- the MK575-fF5 strain was applied for deposit at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Patent Organism Depositary and was deposited as FERM P-21465 on December 12, 2007.
- the antibacterial agent of the present invention contains the above-described compound of the present invention, that is, Amycolamycin, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and optionally contains other components as necessary.
- the content of amicolamycin, its tautomers, or salts thereof in the antibacterial agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the antibacterial agent may be amicolamycin, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof.
- the other components are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose from among pharmacologically acceptable carriers. Specific examples include ethanol, water, starch, and the like. . There is no restriction
- a dosage form of the said antibacterial agent there is no restriction
- the dosage of the antibacterial agent is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected in consideration of various factors such as the age, weight, constitution, symptom of the administration subject, and the presence / absence of administration of a drug containing other ingredients as active ingredients can do.
- the animal species to which the antibacterial agent is administered is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, humans, monkeys, pigs, cows, sheep, goats, dogs, cats, mice, rats , And birds.
- the antibacterial agent contains amicolamycin, a tautomer thereof, or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, as shown in Test Examples 1 to 4 to be described later, a wide range including drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria. It has excellent antibacterial activity against gram positive and negative bacteria. Therefore, the antibacterial agent can be suitably used for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria such as drug resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia causing bacteria as shown in Test Examples 1 to 4 described later.
- the said antibacterial agent may be used independently and may be used together with the pharmaceutical which uses another component as an active ingredient.
- the antibacterial agent may be used in a state of being blended in a medicine containing another component as an active ingredient.
- Amycolatopsis sp. MK575-fF5 strain (deposited as FERM P-21465) cultured on an agar slant medium was galactose 2%, dextrin 2%, glycerin 1%, Bacto Soyton (manufactured by Difco) 1% , Corn steep liquor 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.2%, calcium carbonate 0.2% liquid medium (adjusted to pH 7.4) was dispensed 110ml each into an Erlenmeyer flask (500ml). Inoculated into medium sterilized at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes. Thereafter, it was cultured with shaking at 30 ° C. for 4 days to obtain a seed culture solution.
- Glycerin 0.5%, Dextrin 0.5%, Bacto Soyton (Difco) 0.25%, Yeast Extract (Nihon Pharmaceutical) 0.075%, Ammonium Sulfate 0.05%, Calcium Carbonate 0.05% (pH 7. 4) was prepared in a tank culture tank (200 liters) and further sterilized to obtain a production medium.
- This production medium was inoculated with 2% by volume of the above-mentioned seed culture solution and cultured in a tank for 4 days under the culture conditions of 27 ° C., aeration volume of 100 liters, and 200 rpm.
- the culture broth thus obtained was centrifuged to separate 80 liters of the culture filtrate and 2.5 kg of bacterial cells. Subsequently, 12 liters of methanol was added to the cells and stirred well, and amicolamycin was extracted from the cells with methanol. From this, methanol was removed under reduced pressure to obtain 2 liters of a cell extract containing amicolamycin. 6 liters of ethyl acetate was added to 2 liters of the bacterial cell extract, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred to extract amicolamycin with ethyl acetate.
- amicolamycin was eluted in fractions 76 to 103, which were collected and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain 827 mg of pure amicolamycin.
- Test Example 1 The antibacterial spectrum of amicolamycin against various microorganisms including drug-resistant bacteria (methicillin-resistant bacteria, vancomycin-resistant bacteria, etc.) was measured by a multiple dilution method on a Mura Hinton agar medium based on the standard method of the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy. The measurement results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are shown in Table 1.
- Test Example 2 The antimicrobial spectrum of amicolamycin against various microorganisms including drug-resistant bacteria (penicillin-resistant pneumococci, macrolide-resistant pneumococci, penicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae, etc.) was determined based on the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy Standard 5% Hinton agar on was determined by serial dilution method under 5 vol% CO 2 atmosphere. The measurement results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are shown in Table 2.
- drug-resistant bacteria penicillin-resistant pneumococci, macrolide-resistant pneumococci, penicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae, etc.
- MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
- Test Example 3 The antibacterial spectrum of amicolamycin against livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria was measured by a multiple dilution method on a brain heart infusion agar medium based on the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy Standard Method. The measurement results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are shown in Table 3.
- amicolamycin has excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and negative bacteria including drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis / faecium, macrolide-resistant bacteria and penicillin-resistant bacteria including VRE including MRSA, Haemophilus infulenzae with penicillin-resistant bacteria, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and, Histophilus It was shown to have particularly excellent antibacterial activity against somni .
- novel compound of the present invention (amicolamycin), its tautomer, and salts thereof have excellent antibacterial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria such as drug-resistant bacteria and livestock pneumonia-causing bacteria, It can be suitably used as an antibacterial agent.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)は、化膿性疾患、肺炎、食中毒等の起因菌として知られるが、抗生物質メチシリン等の多くの薬剤に対する耐性を獲得したメチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)の出現が臨床上大きな問題となっている。現在、MRSAに対する代表的な治療薬としては、バンコマイシン、テイコプラニン、アルベカシン、リネゾリドなどが使用されているが、完全にMRSAを排除することは一般に困難であるとされており、また、これらのうち、バンコマイシンについては、既にバンコマイシン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(VRSA)の出現が報告されており、その使用には十分な注意が必要であるとされている(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
このような薬剤耐性菌の問題を克服するために、これらの従来の抗生物質とは異なる化学構造骨格を有し、かつ優れた抗菌活性を有する新たな化合物の開発が、望まれているのが現状である。
<1> 下記構造式(1)で表されることを特徴とする化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩である。
<3> アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、前記<1>に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有する微生物が、受託番号FERM P-21465のアミコラトプシス・エスピー(Amycolatopsis sp.)MK575-fF5株である前記<2>に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法である。
<4> アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、前記<1>に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有することを特徴とする微生物である。
<5> 受託番号FERM P-21465のアミコラトプシス・エスピー(Amycolatopsis sp.)MK575-fF5株である前記<4>に記載の微生物である。
<6> 前記<1>に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を有効成分として含むことを特徴とする抗菌剤である。
本発明の化合物は、下記構造式(1)で表されることを特徴とする。下記構造式(1)で表される化合物は、本発明者らが分離した新規化合物であり、以下、「アミコラマイシン(Amycolamicin)」と称することがある。
(1) 外観は、白色パウダー状である。
(2) 分子式は、C44H60Cl2N4O14で表される。
(3) 高分解能質量分析(HRESIMS:負イオンモード)による、実験値は、m/z 937.3386(M-H)-であり、計算値は、m/z 937.3405(C44H59Cl2N4O14として)である。
(4) 比旋光度は、[α]D 23=-21.6°(c0.5,メタノール)、である。
(5) 赤外線吸収スペクトルは、図1に示す通りである。
(6) 紫外線吸収スペクトルは、図2に示す通りである。
(7) プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトルとして、600MHzにおいて重メタノール中で30℃にて測定したプロトンNMRスペクトルは、図3に示す通りである。
(8) 炭素13核磁気共鳴スペクトルとして、150MHzにおいて重メタノール中で30℃にて測定した炭素13NMRスペクトルは、図4に示す通りである。
(9) 薄層クロマトグラフィーとして、シリカゲル60F254(メルク社製)の薄層クロマトグラフィーでは、展開溶媒としてクロロホルム:メタノール(9:1、容量比)を用いて展開したときのRf値は、0.31である。
本発明の化合物、即ちアミコラマイシン(Amycolamicin)、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法は、アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、アミコラマイシン、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有する微生物を培養し、得られた培養物からアミコラマイシン、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を採取することを特徴とする。なお、以下、微生物の培養により得られるアミコラマイシンを、「抗生物質アミコラマイシン」と称することがある。
このような目的に用いる栄養培地としては、放線菌の培養に利用しうるものが使用される。栄養源としては、例えば、市販されている大豆粉、ペプトン、酵母エキス、肉エキス、コーン・スティープ・リカー、硫酸アンモニウム等の窒素源が使用できる。また、トマトペースト、グリセリン、でん粉、グルコース、ガラクトース、デキストリン等の炭水化物、或いは脂肪などの炭素源が使用できる。さらに食塩、炭酸カルシウム等の無機塩を培地に添加して使用することができる。その他、必要に応じて微量の金属塩を培地に添加して使用することができる。これらの材料は、抗生物質アミコラマイシンの生産菌が利用し、抗生物質アミコラマイシンの生産に役に立つものであればよく、公知の放線菌の培養材料はすべて用いることができる。
以上のようにして前記製造方法を行うことができ、これにより、抗生物質アミコラマイシン(アミコラマイシン)、乃至その互変異性体を得ることができる。
また、前記アミコラマイシン、乃至その互変異性体は酸性物質であり、前記アミコラマイシン、乃至その互変異性体の塩は、例えば、製薬学的に許容できるアルカリ金属等の各種金属、若しくは第4級アンモニウム塩などの有機塩基と、通常公知の方法を用いて製造することができる。
本発明の微生物は、アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、前記した本発明の化合物、即ちアミコラマイシン(Amycolamicin)、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有することを特徴とする。前記微生物は、アミコラトプシス属に属し、アミコラマイシン、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有し、そのために、前記した本発明の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法において、アミコラマイシン生産菌として使用され得る微生物であれば、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
基生菌糸はよく分技し、ジグザグ状を呈する。また分断が認められる。気菌糸は着生する場合としない場合がある。着生した場合、気菌糸は比較的長く、直状或いは不規則な曲状で、円筒形の胞子状に分断する。その表面は平滑で、大きさは約0.4~0.6x0.8~2.2ミクロンである。又、気菌糸が絡まり合い球状を呈する場合がある。輪生技、菌束糸、胞子のう及び運動性胞子は認められない。
色の記載について[ ]内に示す標準は、コンティナー・コーポレーション・オブ・アメリカのカラー・ハーモニー・マニュアル(Container Corporation of America の color harmony manual)を用いた。
(1)イースト・麦芽寒天培地(ISP-培地2、27℃培養)
発育はうす黄[2 gc,Bamboo]を呈し、白の気菌糸をうっすら着生する場合と着生しない場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(2)オートミール寒天培地(ISP-培地3、27℃培養)
発育はうす黄[2 gc,Bamboo]を呈し、白の気菌糸をうっすら着生する場合と着生しない場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(3)スターチ・無機塩寒天培地(ISP-培地4、27℃培養)
発育はうす黄[2 ea,Lt Wheat]~にぶ黄[3 nc,Amber]を呈し、白の気菌糸をわずかに着生する場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(4)グリセリン・アスパラギン寒天培地(ISP-培地5、27℃培養)
発育はにぶ黄だいだい[3 lc,Amber]を呈し、うすだいだい[4 ea,Light Apricot]の気菌糸を着生する場合と着生しない場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(5)チロシン寒天培地(ISP-培地7、27℃培養)
発育はうす黄[3 ca,Pearl Pink]~にぶ黄だいだい[3 lc,Amber]を呈し、うすだいだい[4 ca,Fresh Pink]の気菌糸を着生する場合と着生しない場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(6)スクロース・硝酸塩寒天培地(27℃培養)
無色~うす黄だいだい[3 ea,Lt Melon Yellow]の発育上に、白の気菌糸をうっすらと着生する場合と着生しない場合がある。溶解性色素は認められない。
(1)生育温度範囲
グルコース・アスパラギン寒天培地(グルコース 1.0%、L-アスパラギン 0.05%、リン酸水素二カリウム 0.05%、ひも寒天 3.0%、pH7.0)を用い、10℃、20℃、24℃、27℃、30℃、37℃、45℃及び50℃の各温度で試験した結果、10℃、45℃、50℃での生育は認められず、20℃~37℃の範囲で生育した。生育至適温度は30℃付近である。
(2)スターチの加水分解(スターチ・無機塩寒天培地、ISP-培地4、27℃培養)
21日間の培養で、陰性である。
(3)メラニン様色素の生成(トリプトン・イースト・プロス、ISP-培地1;ペプトン・イースト・鉄寒天培地、ISP-培地6;チロシン寒天培地、ISP-培地7;いずれも27℃培養)
いずれの培地においても陰性である。
(4)炭素源の利用性(プリドハム・ゴドリーブ寒天培地、ISP-培地9;27℃培養)
D-グルコース、L-アラビノース、D-キシロース、D-フルクトース、スクロース、イノシトール、ラムノース、ラフィノース及びD-マンニトールを利用して発育する。
(5)硝酸塩の還元反応(0.1% 硝酸カリウム含有ペプトン水、ISP-培地8、27℃培養)
陽性である。
(1)細胞壁組成
メソ型の2,6-ジアミノピメリン酸を含有する。
(2)全菌体中の還元糖
アラビノース、ガラクトースを含み、A型である。
(3)イソプレノイド・キノン
主要なメナキノンとしてMK-9(H4)及び少量のMK-10(H4)を含有する。
(4)リン脂質
PII型(ホスファチジルエタノールアミンを含み、ホスファチジルコリン及び未知のグルコサミン含有リン脂質を含まない)。
(5)ミコール酸
含有しない。
16SrRNA遺伝子の部分塩基配列(1455nt)を決定し、国際塩基配列データベース(GenBank/DDBJ/EMBL)による相同性検索を行った。その結果、MK575-fF5株の塩基配列は以下に示したとおり、アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属放線菌の16SrRNA遺伝子と高い相同性を示した。Amycolatopsis kentuckyensis(99.1%)、Amycolatopsis rifamycinica(99.03%)、Amycolatopsis mediterranei(98.9%)、Amycolatopsis balhimycetica(98.82%)等である。なお、カッコ内は塩基配列の相同値を表記した。
MK575-fF5株の菌体成分は、全菌体加水分解物中にメソ型の2,6-ジアミノピメリン酸、アラビノース、ガラクトースを含み、細胞壁タイプIV型、全菌体の還元糖はA型を示した。また、ミコール酸は含有せず、リン脂質はPII型(ホスファチジルエタノールアミンを含み、ホスファチジルコリン及び未知のグルコサミン含有リン脂質を含まない)、主要なメナキノンはMK-9(H4)であった。
16SrRNA遺伝子の部分塩基配列を公知菌株のデータと比較したところ、アミコラトプシス属放線菌の塩基配列と高い相同性を示した。
本発明の抗菌剤は、前記した本発明の化合物、即ちアミコラマイシン(Amycolamicin)、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を有効成分として含み、必要に応じて適宜その他の成分を含む。
前記抗菌剤の個体への投与方法としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、前記抗菌剤の剤型などに応じて適宜選択することができ、経口又は非経口で投与することができる。
前記抗菌剤の投与量としては、特に制限はなく、投与対象個体の年齢、体重、体質、症状、他の成分を有効成分とする医薬の投与の有無など、様々な要因を考慮して適宜選択することができる。
前記抗菌剤の投与対象となる動物種としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ヒト、サル、ブタ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、トリなどが挙げられる。
寒天斜面培地に培養したアミコラトプシス・エスピー(Amycolatopsis sp.)MK575-fF5株(FERM P-21465として寄託)を、ガラクトース 2%、デキストリン 2%、グリセリン 1%、バクトソイトン(ディフコ社製) 1%、コーン・スティープ・リカー 0.5%、硫酸アンモニウム 0.2%、炭酸カルシウム 0.2%を含む液体培地(pH7.4に調整)を三角フラスコ(500ml容)に110mlずつ分注して常法により120℃で20分滅菌した培地に接種した。その後に30℃で4日間回転振とう培養し、種母培養液を得た。
(1) 外観は、白色パウダー状である。
(2) 分子式は、C44H60Cl2N4O14で表される。
(3) 高分解能質量分析(HRESIMS:負イオンモード)による、実験値は、m/z 937.3386(M-H)-であり、計算値は、m/z 937.3405(C44H59Cl2N4O14として)である。
(4) 比旋光度は、[α]D 23=-21.6°(c0.5,メタノール)、である。
(5) 赤外線吸収スペクトルは、図1に示す通りである。
(6) 紫外線吸収スペクトルは、図2に示す通りである。
(7) プロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトルとして、600MHzにおいて重メタノール中で30℃にて測定したプロトンNMRスペクトルは、図3に示す通りである。
(8) 炭素13核磁気共鳴スペクトルとして、150MHzにおいて重メタノール中で30℃にて測定した炭素13NMRスペクトルは、図4に示す通りである。
(9) 薄層クロマトグラフィーとして、シリカゲル60F254(メルク社製)の薄層クロマトグラフィーでは、展開溶媒としてクロロホルム:メタノール(9:1、容量比)を用いて展開したときのRf値は、0.31である。
薬剤耐性菌(メチシリン耐性菌、バンコマイシン耐性菌等)を含む各種の微生物に対するアミコラマイシンの抗菌スペクトルを、日本化学療法学会標準法に基づき、ミュラ・ヒントン寒天培地上で倍数希釈法により測定した。最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)の測定結果を表1に示す。
薬剤耐性菌(ペニシリン耐性肺炎球菌、マクロライド耐性肺炎球菌、ペニシリン耐性インフルエンザ菌等)を含む各種の微生物に対するアミコラマイシンの抗菌スペクトルを、日本化学療法学会標準法に基づき、5体積%緬羊血液添加ミュラ・ヒントン寒天培地上、5体積%CO2雰囲気下で倍数希釈法により測定した。最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)の測定結果を表2に示す。
家畜肺炎起因菌に対するアミコラマイシンの抗菌スペクトルを、日本化学療法学会標準法に基づき、ブレイン・ハート・インヒュージョン寒天培地上で倍数希釈法により測定した。最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)の測定結果を表3に示す。
表3に示されたもの以外の家畜肺炎起因菌に対するアミコラマイシンの抗菌スペクトルを、日本化学療法学会標準法に基づき、5体積%フィールズ・エンリッチメント添加ミュラ・ヒントン寒天培地上、5体積%CO2雰囲気下で倍数希釈法により測定した。最小発育阻止濃度(MIC)の測定結果を表4に示す。
Claims (6)
- 請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法であって、アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有する微生物を培養し、得られた培養物から請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を採取することを特徴とする化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法。
- アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有する微生物が、受託番号FERM P-21465のアミコラトプシス・エスピー(Amycolatopsis sp.)MK575-fF5株である請求の範囲第2項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩の製造方法。
- アミコラトプシス(Amycolatopsis)属に属し、請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を生産する能力を有することを特徴とする微生物。
- 受託番号FERM P-21465のアミコラトプシス・エスピー(Amycolatopsis sp.)MK575-fF5株である請求の範囲第4項に記載の微生物。
- 請求の範囲第1項に記載の化合物、その互変異性体、乃至それらの塩を有効成分として含むことを特徴とする抗菌剤。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES09843667.8T ES2525528T3 (es) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | Amicolamicina, método para su producción y su utilización |
| CA2759679A CA2759679A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | Novel compound amycolamicin, method for production thereof, and use thereof |
| EP09843667.8A EP2423319B1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | Amycolamicin, method for production thereof, and use thereof |
| AU2009344972A AU2009344972B2 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | Novel compound amycolamicin, method for production thereof, and use thereof |
| PCT/JP2009/058210 WO2010122669A1 (ja) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | 新規化合物アミコラマイシン、その製造方法及びその用途 |
| US13/278,269 US8742135B1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2011-10-21 | Compound amycolamicin, method for producing the same, and use of the same |
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| PCT/JP2009/058210 WO2010122669A1 (ja) | 2009-04-24 | 2009-04-24 | 新規化合物アミコラマイシン、その製造方法及びその用途 |
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| US13/278,269 Continuation US8742135B1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2011-10-21 | Compound amycolamicin, method for producing the same, and use of the same |
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| AU (1) | AU2009344972B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2759679A1 (ja) |
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| CN106146380A (zh) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-11-23 | 北京大学 | 一种海洋真菌中新天然产物的制备工艺及其降脂用途 |
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| ES2368236B1 (es) | 2009-12-23 | 2012-09-26 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Agentes antibacterianos. |
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| US5391492A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1995-02-21 | Eli Lilly And Company | A83850 antibiotics |
| JPH10114777A (ja) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-05-06 | Microbial Chem Res Found | 抗生物質スピロキシマイシンとその製造法 |
| JP2004137175A (ja) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-05-13 | Microbial Chem Res Found | 新規抗生物質キガマイシン類とその用途 |
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| GB9009001D0 (en) * | 1990-04-21 | 1990-06-20 | Beecham Group Plc | Novel products |
| WO2005111055A1 (ja) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-24 | Zaidan Hojin Biseibutsu Kagaku Kenkyu Kai | 新規抗生物質キガマイシン類とその用途 |
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2009
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- 2009-04-24 CA CA2759679A patent/CA2759679A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2009-04-24 EP EP09843667.8A patent/EP2423319B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-04-24 ES ES09843667.8T patent/ES2525528T3/es active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| SIEVERT DM ET AL.: "Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Vancomycin - United States, 2002", MMWR, vol. 51, 5 July 2002 (2002-07-05), pages 565 - 567 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106146380A (zh) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-11-23 | 北京大学 | 一种海洋真菌中新天然产物的制备工艺及其降脂用途 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2009344972B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
| CA2759679A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| EP2423319B1 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| EP2423319A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
| US20140155586A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
| US8742135B1 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
| AU2009344972A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
| ES2525528T3 (es) | 2014-12-26 |
| EP2423319A4 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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