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WO2010119173A1 - Procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser - Google Patents

Procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010119173A1
WO2010119173A1 PCT/FI2010/050291 FI2010050291W WO2010119173A1 WO 2010119173 A1 WO2010119173 A1 WO 2010119173A1 FI 2010050291 W FI2010050291 W FI 2010050291W WO 2010119173 A1 WO2010119173 A1 WO 2010119173A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
laser beam
welded
optical element
laser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2010/050291
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Terho Torvinen
Mikko P. VÄNSKÄ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Outokumpu Oyj
Original Assignee
Outokumpu Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Outokumpu Oyj filed Critical Outokumpu Oyj
Priority to EP10764145A priority Critical patent/EP2419238A1/fr
Publication of WO2010119173A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010119173A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/067—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing
    • B23K26/0676—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing into dependently operating sub-beams, e.g. an array of spots with fixed spatial relationship or for performing simultaneously identical operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B23K26/0608—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams in the same heat affected zone [HAZ]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
    • B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/067—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for performing laser welding, in which method the a lens and/or a mirror used for laser welding is divided into at least two parts or a laser beam is conducted in at least two parts into the welding head in order to create at least two focal points so that the distribution of the laser beam is used at least partly in a treatment for inaccurate preparation surfaces before the proper welding occasion.
  • the created cutting surfaces are too inaccurate for an effective laser welding.
  • the inaccuracy is based on that in the cutting surfaces there are bevellings that make the cutting surface uneven particularly in the longitudinal direction of the object but also in the lateral direction of the object.
  • the cutting surfaces are placed side by side, in which case the width of the gap there between is variable. It is difficult to weld the gap having a variable width with great velocity, because a welding medium is needed in different amounts depending on the width of the gap.
  • the US patent 5841097 it is described a method and an apparatus for using two or more laser beams in welding of objects so that the laser beams oscillate along the welding direction.
  • the US patent 5841097 it is presented as one embodiment a solution, where two laser beams are used so that it is achieved with the first laser beam the preheating of the zone to be welded and with the second laser beam it is performed the proper welding.
  • the JP patent application 1143785 relates to a laser beam device where it is used multi-focused laser beams, but having separate axes. Also in this JP patent application 1143785 separate laser beams are used for different purposes in order to perform the same action; one laser beam is used for preheating, another is used for the proper action.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate some drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve an improved method for welding of two objects to each other by laser welding so that the inaccuracy between the surfaces to be welded can be decreased already before welding.
  • the essential features of the invention are enlisted in the appended claims.
  • a laser beam to be used in welding is conducted through at least a two-piece optical element.
  • the two-piece optical element contains at least two parts connected to each other or at least two separate optical elements or also so that one part is separate and the other part contains at least two parts connected to each other.
  • the laser beam focal points composed of different parts.
  • an optical element it can be used also a combination of a lens and a mirror.
  • the different parts of an optical element or the separate optical elements are different from each other from the view of a shape or from the view of properties, in which case the power of the laser beam conducted through the optical element is controlled on the basis of the fact which part or which point in the optical element is faced by the laser beam either going through the optical element or reflecting from the optical element.
  • the laser beam going through the optical element can further be advantageously utilized in the adjustment of the height of the welding seam or by heat treating the properties of the weld.
  • the optical element used in the method of the invention is advantageously an optical lens or an optical mirror, which is divided into two parts.
  • the optical element is a mirror, it can be installed immovably at its position or movably, in which case the movability is reached by moving the parts of the mirror to each other or the mirror itself is moved towards the object to be welded.
  • the adjacent parts of the optical element are different from each other either so that two adjacent parts have a different refraction index or that two adjacent parts are different in their shapes.
  • the adjacent parts of the optical element can also be different from each other so that the adjacent parts have a different refraction index and the adjacent parts are different in their shapes.
  • the different parts of the optical element are positioned towards the welding direction of the surfaces to be welded so that the part having a large refraction index is in that point where the proper welding is carried out. So the optical element refracts the laser beam more than the part having a small refraction index, in which case more power conducted by the laser beam is made to be focused to the proper welding.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to laser welding, when the surfaces to be welded are moved towards the laser welding head, or so that the laser welding head is moved towards the surfaces to be welded.
  • the method according to the invention can be used essentially in continuous operation.
  • the method according to the invention can be used periodically in continuous operation.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention schematically in a side view
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the surfaces to be welded in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1 schematically from above seen
  • Fig. 3 shows the power distribution in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1 as a schematical figure
  • Fig. 4 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the invention schematically in a side view
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the surfaces to be welded in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 4 schematically from above seen.
  • a laser welding head 1 is kept during welding in its position, while the surfaces 2 and 3 to be welded to each other are moved in the direction 4 shown as an arrow.
  • the surfaces 2 and 3 to be welded form to each other a gap 5 before welding.
  • a laser beam flux 6 is conducted through a lens 9, composed of the parts 7 and 8, to the surfaces 2 and 3 to be welded.
  • the refraction index of the first lens part 7 in the welding direction is smaller than the index of the second lens part 8 in the welding direction.
  • the proportion of the laser beam flux 6 going through the first lens part 7 in the welding direction thus refracts less than the proportion of the laser beam flux 6 going through the second lens part 8 in the welding direction.
  • the proportion of the power in the laser beam flux 6 going through the first lens part 7 in the welding direction is used for preheating of the surfaces 2 and 3 to be welded in a zone 10 illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 with broken lines.
  • the surfaces 2 and 3 to be preheated are pressed with the pressing devices 11 and 12 advantageously essentially simultaneously with the preheating.
  • the preheated and pressed surfaces 2 and 3 to be welded are welded to each other by means of the power received from the proportion of the laser beam flux 6 going through the second lens part 8 in the welding direction in a zone 13 illustrated with broken lines.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 it is also illustrated with broken lines a zone 14 where a finishing of the welding seam 15 between the welded surfaces 2 and 3 so that the height of the welding seam 15 is adjusted desired, if needed.
  • the finishing of the welding seam 15 is performed with that proportion of the laser beam flux 6, which goes through the final end of the lens 9 in the welding direction of the second lens part 8 in the welding direction having a different radius of curvature. Thanks to the change in the radius of curvature the power of the laser beam flux 6 going through the final end of the lens 9 is smaller than in the proper welding in the zone 13, and thus the height of the welding seam 15 can be adjusted by heating the welding seam 15.
  • Fig. 3 the power distribution is illustrated in the preceding zones 10, 13 and 14.
  • a laser welding head 21 is positioned movably in the welding direction 24 so that using the laser welding head 21 it can be welded surfaces 22 and 23 to be welded positioned in their positions in the welding direction 24. It is installed before the laser beam flux 25 a mirror 40 which reflects the laser beam flux 25 to a lens 26. The laser beam flux 25 is conducted through the lens 26 to the surfaces 22 and 23 to be welded.
  • the lens 26 is manufactured of homogenous material, but the lens 26 is formed of different parts 38 and 39 from the shape of view, by means of the parts 38 and 39 the power of the laser beam flux 25 conducted through the lens 26 can be adjusted.
  • the first zone 27 in the welding direction 24 illustrates the preheating and pressing of the surfaces 22 and 23 to be welded
  • the second zone 28 in the welding direction 24 illustrates the proper welding of the surfaces 22 and 23
  • the third zone 29 in the welding direction 24 illustrates the finishing of the created 10 welding seam 30.
  • the laser beam flux 25 conducted through the lens 26 is adjusted by means of the design of the lens 26 to have smaller power than the laser beam flux 26 conducted through the zone 28.
  • the 15 23 to be welded are first positioned in the welding position, in which case the surfaces 22 and 23 to be welded form to each other a gap 33 having an inaccurate width. Further, it is fastened to the objects 31 and 32 the pressing devices 34 and 35, which press the objects towards each other and which are during the welding occasion movable in the welding direction 24.
  • the pressing 0 devices 34 and 35 are provided with hydraulic devices 36 and 37, by means of which the pressing of the objects can be adjusted in accordance with the movement of the laser welding head 21 at least in the zones 27 and 28.
  • the preheating of the surfaces 22 and 23 to be welded is started by means of the laser beam flux 25 conducted 5 through the lens 26.
  • the pressing of the objects 31 and 32 is carried out so that every point of the object to be pressed follows the laser welding head 21.
  • the laser welding head 21 is in the welding 0 direction 24 transferred in every pressed point of the object into the zone 28 of the proper welding, the pressing of the objects 31 and 32 is progressively reduced, until when the laser welding head 21 reaches the zone 29, the pressing of the objects 31 and 32 with the pressing devices 34 and 35 is stopped in the area already welded. Pressing is continued in the preheated and unwelded part in accordance with the movement of the laser welding head 21 , until the surfaces 22 and 23 are completely weided.
  • the welding seam of the part for the objects 31 and 32 in the zone 28 it is carried out the welding of the surfaces 22 and 23 to each other, in which case it is created the welding seam 30.
  • the welding seam of the part for the objects 31 and 32 in the zone 29 it is carried out the finishing treatment by the laser beam flux 25, which power is smaller than in the zone 28 in connection with the welding.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser, dans lequel procédé le faisceau laser pour soudage est concentré optiquement afin d'utiliser la puissance du faisceau laser dans des stades séparés du processus de soudage, au moins partiellement avant le soudage réel. Un faisceau laser (6, 25) est conduit à travers un élément optique (9, 26, 40) en au moins deux morceaux (7, 8 ; 38, 39), de telle sorte que la puissance du faisceau laser (6, 25) traversant l'élément optique (9, 26, 40) est ajustée en fonction de la partie ou du point de l'élément optique (9, 26, 40) qui est tourné vers le faisceau laser (6, 25). Par le changement de la puissance du faisceau laser, on effectue, dans la direction de soudage (4, 24), avant le soudage réel, un préchauffage des surfaces (2, 3 ; 22, 23) devant être soudées, lesquelles surfaces forment un intervalle imprécis. Les surfaces préchauffées (2, 3 ; 22, 23) sont pressées entre elles avant le soudage réel des surfaces, afin de réduire les imprécisions dans l'intervalle (5, 33) entre les surfaces devant être soudées.
PCT/FI2010/050291 2009-04-15 2010-04-12 Procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser Ceased WO2010119173A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10764145A EP2419238A1 (fr) 2009-04-15 2010-04-12 Procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20090139 2009-04-15
FI20090139A FI122404B (fi) 2009-04-15 2009-04-15 Menetelmä laserhitsauksen suorittamiseksi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010119173A1 true WO2010119173A1 (fr) 2010-10-21

Family

ID=40590198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2010/050291 Ceased WO2010119173A1 (fr) 2009-04-15 2010-04-12 Procédé pour effectuer un soudage laser

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2419238A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI122404B (fr)
WO (1) WO2010119173A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3090830A1 (fr) * 2015-02-18 2016-11-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de soudage laser
DE102018219280A1 (de) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-14 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum spritzerfreien Schweißen, insbesondere mit einem Festkörperlaser
DE102020133116A1 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Peri Se Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen eines ersten Bauelements mit einem zweiten Bauelement und Horizontalriegel
EP3978181A4 (fr) * 2019-05-29 2022-08-03 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'usinage laser et procédé d'usinage laser faisant appel audit dispositif

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54102694A (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-08-13 Toshiba Corp Laser irradiation device
JPS60199585A (ja) 1984-03-23 1985-10-09 Toshiba Corp レ−ザ溶接機
JPH01143785A (ja) 1987-11-30 1989-06-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 異軸多焦点式レーザビーム集光装置
JPH04327387A (ja) * 1991-04-26 1992-11-16 Toshiba Corp レーザー溶接装置
US5841097A (en) 1995-12-27 1998-11-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Process and apparatus for welding workpieces with two or more laser beams whose spots are oscillated across welding direction
EP0933159A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1999-08-04 Nkk Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'un tube en acier soudé
EP1609555A1 (fr) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-28 Leister Process Technologies Dispositif de soudage, en particulier pour pièces tubulaires en matière plastique

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54102694A (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-08-13 Toshiba Corp Laser irradiation device
JPS60199585A (ja) 1984-03-23 1985-10-09 Toshiba Corp レ−ザ溶接機
JPH01143785A (ja) 1987-11-30 1989-06-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 異軸多焦点式レーザビーム集光装置
JPH04327387A (ja) * 1991-04-26 1992-11-16 Toshiba Corp レーザー溶接装置
EP0933159A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1999-08-04 Nkk Corporation Procédé de fabrication d'un tube en acier soudé
US5841097A (en) 1995-12-27 1998-11-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Process and apparatus for welding workpieces with two or more laser beams whose spots are oscillated across welding direction
EP1609555A1 (fr) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-28 Leister Process Technologies Dispositif de soudage, en particulier pour pièces tubulaires en matière plastique

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3090830A1 (fr) * 2015-02-18 2016-11-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de soudage laser
DE102018219280A1 (de) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-14 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum spritzerfreien Schweißen, insbesondere mit einem Festkörperlaser
CN112969547A (zh) * 2018-11-12 2021-06-15 通快激光与系统工程有限公司 尤其用固体激光器无飞溅地焊接的方法
US11786989B2 (en) 2018-11-12 2023-10-17 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Method for splash-free welding, in particular using a solid-state laser
EP3978181A4 (fr) * 2019-05-29 2022-08-03 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'usinage laser et procédé d'usinage laser faisant appel audit dispositif
US12263540B2 (en) 2019-05-29 2025-04-01 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Laser processing device and laser processing method using same
DE102020133116A1 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-06-15 Peri Se Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen eines ersten Bauelements mit einem zweiten Bauelement und Horizontalriegel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2419238A1 (fr) 2012-02-22
FI20090139L (fi) 2010-10-16
FI122404B (fi) 2011-12-30
FI20090139A0 (fi) 2009-04-15

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