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WO2010111920A1 - 一种整体无缝结构的乒乓球 - Google Patents

一种整体无缝结构的乒乓球 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010111920A1
WO2010111920A1 PCT/CN2010/071260 CN2010071260W WO2010111920A1 WO 2010111920 A1 WO2010111920 A1 WO 2010111920A1 CN 2010071260 W CN2010071260 W CN 2010071260W WO 2010111920 A1 WO2010111920 A1 WO 2010111920A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
table tennis
mold
spherical
spherical shell
ball
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2010/071260
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张辉伦
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE112010001430T priority Critical patent/DE112010001430T5/de
Priority to JP2011548522A priority patent/JP2012517248A/ja
Publication of WO2010111920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010111920A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B39/00—Hollow non-inflatable balls, i.e. having no valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B45/00—Apparatus or methods for manufacturing balls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C41/04—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/04—Spherical articles, e.g. balls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
    • A63B2102/16—Table tennis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/54—Balls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a table tennis ball which is seamless overall and has a substantially uniform wall thickness, and the entire inner surface of the table tennis ball is a complete and continuous spherical surface; the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the table tennis ball. Background technique
  • the structure of the table tennis used is usually a hollow sealed sphere which is connected by two semi-spherical thin-walled plastic spherical shells by bonding, splicing or pressing.
  • the outer surface of the ball is polished to achieve the requirement of a tight seam, that is, the outer surface of the ball has no visible joints to form a complete continuous spherical surface.
  • the ball of this structure is called a tight seam table tennis. Strictly speaking, the ball is still stitched. Although finely machined, there are still visible joints on the inner surface of the table tennis. Due to the existence of the joint seam, the inner surface of the ball is not a complete continuous spherical surface.
  • celluloid remains the main raw material for table tennis.
  • the game ball approved by the ITTF in order to meet the performance requirements, its material is still celluloid.
  • celluloid materials have well-known instability and flammability, they are prone to fire safety accidents during production, and the process of making table tennis with celluloid is complicated, the production cycle is long, and the cost is high. The performance index is high, and it is limited by the production process. Choosing other materials instead of celluloid to make table tennis is not a practical application condition.
  • the ITTF clearly defines in its Technical Leaflet T3 standard (hereinafter referred to as the ⁇ 3 standard): Encourage and support manufacturers to develop new and better materials to replace celluloid, in order to produce better and more stable performance. More environmentally friendly table tennis.
  • the ITTF has strict regulations on the diameter (also called roundness), weight, eccentricity (also called rolling), hardness, and bounce of table tennis. Therefore, to make new Table tennis made by materials or new molding processes can replace the current celluloid table tennis. It is quite difficult to achieve similar or exceed the requirements of several standards such as eccentricity (also called rolling), hardness, and bounce. . Over the years, some units or individuals have been studying this aspect. For example, in the new table tennis molding process, a method of manufacturing table tennis by extruding a plastic and then similarly blowing a mold into a mold is disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 01126885. The table tennis produced is difficult to achieve uniform wall thickness, so the T3 standard is not met in both the hardness requirement and the bounce requirement.
  • the inside of the ball obviously protrudes from the inner surface of the ball at the joint seam, forming an annular convex strip. Therefore, the wall thickness of the spherical shell at the joint and the wall thickness at other positions are obviously different.
  • the ball formed by the blow molding process has a clearly visible concave band on the inner surface of the ball at the press-fit joint, so the wall thickness and other positions at the seam are also different. Looking at the inner surface, it can be clearly seen that the table tennis is also made up of two hemispherical shells. Regardless of the process, the presence of raised or depressed strips makes it difficult to match the hardness of the seams to the hardness of the top and other locations of the hemispheres.
  • the elastic (bounce) in use is also difficult to match.
  • the inner surface is also divided into two parts by a raised strip or a recessed strip, which is not a complete continuous spherical surface, which increases the elastic control requirements and difficulty of the ball, and also reduces the life of the ball.
  • the inner surface of the ball is not a convex band on the inner surface when the two hemispherical shells are bonded, so that the inner surface of the ball is a complete continuous spherical surface as the outer surface, which cannot be achieved by the process, even The adhesion fastness at the seam is also difficult to guarantee.
  • the present invention provides a table tennis ball having an overall seamless structure and improved performance.
  • the table tennis ball is formed by a rotational molding process, and the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical shell are continuous spherical surfaces, Any visible joint, gp, shell of the spherical shell does not have any rework joints in the form of joints, creases, seams, etc., and the shell has a uniform uniform wall thickness, which is more conducive to Various technical indicators of table tennis.
  • the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned table tennis, which adopts a rotational molding process to form a hollow spherical shell of a suitable wall thickness in a cavity, thereby producing a new type of table tennis ball having continuous inner and outer surfaces without joint seams, and
  • the production process is simple and easy to control, which is conducive to industrial scale production. While producing high quality table tennis, it also reduces the production cost.
  • the present invention provides a table tennis ball different from the existing products, the table tennis is once
  • the molded hollow sealed spherical shell has a continuous inner surface.
  • the more prominent feature of the table tennis provided by the present invention is that the spherical shell is seamless overall, and the inner and outer surfaces of the spherical shell have no reworked joint seams.
  • the table tennis of the present invention is produced by a rotational molding process.
  • the spherical shell of the table tennis ball is filled with gas, and the pressure is less than 9 standard atmospheric pressures, so that the ball hardness and bounce standard are better met; preferably, the pressure of the inflatable body in the spherical shell does not exceed 3 standard atmospheres.
  • the ping-pong ball of the present invention has no reworked joint seam, the spherical shell has a substantially uniform wall thickness, and the wall thickness of the spherical shell is less than ⁇ 0.04 mm (the absolute value of the wall thickness difference is 0.04 mm)
  • the table tennis material of the present invention may be selected from materials such as polyolefin, nylon, polycarbonate, polyester, ABS or PS which are advantageous for the rotational molding, thereby contributing to the improvement of safety in production.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing the above table tennis, the method comprising the steps of: adding raw materials for making table tennis into a spherical mold conforming to the size of a table tennis ball and closing the mold, and setting the spherical mold to rotomold molding
  • the axes of the two rotating shafts of the rotational molding device are passed through the center of the spherical cavity of the mold, and the axes of the two rotating shafts are perpendicular to each other;
  • the spherical mold is simultaneously rotated around the two rotating shafts And control the speed range from 20 rpm to 3000 rpm, so that the raw material that can flow in the mold is uniformly attached to the inner wall of the cavity of the mold under the centrifugal force and its own gravity, and the raw material is solidified into a spherical shell; Release the ball shell.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention further comprises subjecting the demolded spherical shell to a surface treatment to obtain a table tennis product having an outer surface meeting the standard.
  • the "flowable raw material formed in the mold" described in the above method for producing table tennis includes a molten material, a liquid state or a paste-like flowable material formed by heating the mold or chemical reaction between materials, and a specific forming manner and The flow dynamic form depends on the choice of material.
  • the mold can be selectively filled with a certain pressure of gas so that the demolded spherical shell has a pressure of no more than 3 standard atmospheric pressures.
  • the table tennis provided by the present invention is composed of only one sealed ball shell formed at one time.
  • the wall thickness of the spherical shell is basically the same, the whole is seamless, gp, the shell of the spherical shell does not have any reworked joint seams in the form of bonding seams, crepe seams, nip seams, etc., and the entire interior of the table tennis,
  • the outer surface is a complete continuous sphere. This new structure of table tennis, uniform bounce, and good overall performance.
  • the table tennis provided by the invention only needs to be selected from the well-known materials suitable for the existing rotational molding process, such as polyolefin, nylon, polycarbonate, polyester, ABS and PS, and the material is stable and environmentally friendly.
  • the material once formed by the rotational molding process, can produce table tennis products with higher requirements than the ITTF T3 standard in eccentricity, hardness and bounce.
  • the ping-pong table made by the invention has the advantages of simple molding process and convenient operation.
  • the related equipment of the rotomolding molding has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low power consumption, low product cost, no pollution to the environment during the production process, and is favorable for table tennis. Mass production.
  • the specific technical solution that can be adopted by the present invention is: selecting a cavity of the molding die to be spherical, so that the mold simultaneously rotates at a high speed in two axial directions perpendicular to each other, and the two rotation axes of the rotational molding device pass through the spherical cavity
  • the center of the ball controls the internal material of the mold to become the flow dynamic while rotating. Under the combined action of the centrifugal force and the gravity of the material itself, the liquid, molten or paste-like material in the cavity can be evenly rotated during the rotation.
  • the material coated on the inner wall of the cavity solidifies into a solid, and after demolding, a hollow sphere is obtained, and then the outer surface is polished and then processed.
  • the table tennis ball is composed only of a complete hollow sealed thin-walled spherical shell.
  • the spherical shell is a one-piece integrated structure, and the whole is seamless.
  • the shell of the spherical shell does not have any joints such as joints, crevices, and seams.
  • the spherical shell has the same wall thickness at any position, the inner surface of the spherical shell has no visible joint seam, and the entire inner and outer surfaces of the spherical shell are a complete continuous spherical surface (now The table tennis made by the craft is only polished by the later process, and only the outer surface is basically a continuous spherical surface).
  • the formed table tennis ball has the same gas pressure inside the hollow interior of the spherical shell as the gas filled in the cavity before molding.
  • the present invention can adjust the performance of the bounce and hardness of the table tennis in a certain range, and make the bounce more stable.
  • the pressure of the gas inside the table tennis is below 9 standard atmospheres. If the air pressure is too high, the table tennis will be easily deformed and the ball may be broken.
  • the present invention preferably controls the internal pressure of the table tennis to be below 3 standard atmospheres.
  • the table tennis ball provided by the invention with the same seamlessness and substantially the same wall thickness utilizes the well-known rotomolding (also called spin molding, rotary molding, rotary molding, rotary casting, rotary forming, etc.) process, and On this basis, a simple change is made to rotate the mold at the same time around two mutually perpendicular and through the axis of rotation of the mold core.
  • the material in the cavity is uniformly attached to the inner wall of the mold cavity under the action of centrifugal force and its own gravity.
  • the invention is also referred to as a biaxial centrifugal force rotational molding process).
  • the existing rotomolding process is an important method for producing large and extra large hollow plastic products.
  • the liquid, molten or pasty material is applied layer by layer on the inner wall of the mold cavity by its own gravity. Due to the two-layer coating and low rotation speed, the molding is performed.
  • the thickness of the wall thickness of the product is usually 0. 20 mm 1. 20 mm (for large size) Products, such perfectly acceptable variation in wall thickness).
  • the average thickness of the spherical shell of the existing celluloid table tennis is less than 0. 55 mm, and the relevant standard has a high requirement for the accuracy of the wall thickness. In the eccentricity test, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the T3 standard, and the wall thickness error will also result in different positions of the table tennis ball shell.
  • a hollow spherical article having a smaller diameter including a table tennis ball is produced.
  • the processing is very economical, and the existing plastics which can be used for the rotational molding process, such as polyolefin.
  • Nylon, polycarbonate, polyester, ABS, PS, etc. can be obtained by the biaxial centrifugal force rotational molding process of the present invention to obtain a hollow spherical product having uniform wall thickness.
  • the basic production steps of the charging, heating, rotary forming, cooling, demoulding, and mold cleaning of the manufacturing process of the present invention are exactly the same as the existing rotational molding process, and the production is adjusted according to the fluidity of the processed materials.
  • With the rotation speed of the two rotating shafts it is possible to stably produce a table tennis or other hollow spherical product which is seamless and has the same wall thickness.
  • the product quality is shortened while ensuring product quality.
  • the other test indicators include: eccentricity test results, the table tennis off-center line range is 0-156 mm (T3 standard is 0_175 mm) ; for the hardness of the ball, the table tennis hardness range is 0. 72mm-0. 79mm (T3 The standard is 0. 71mm_0. 84mm); the ball's bounce force test, the table tennis bounce range is 248mm-260mm (T3 standard is 240mm-260mm); therefore, the new type of table tennis provided by the present invention completely reaches the quality of T3 Standard requirements.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the table tennis ball is composed of only one sealed spherical shell which is formed at one time, the wall thickness of the spherical shell is the same, and there is no reworked joint seam in the shell of the spherical shell, and the inner surface of the spherical shell is also There are no visible joints of any kind.
  • it is only necessary to select materials with stable materials and environmental protection in the well-known plastics suitable for the existing rotational molding process, and a large number of materials can be obtained.
  • the production of table tennis with good performance and environmental protection. Tested in the production process, the table tennis provided by the invention achieves higher requirements than the T3 standard in several aspects such as eccentricity, hardness and bounce.
  • the process is small, the process is simple, the product qualification rate is high, and the cost is low, and the cost of the ball is only 60%-72% of the existing celluloid table tennis.
  • the production equipment has low input cost, small land occupation, low energy consumption, and no pollution to the environment during production, which is conducive to mass production of table tennis.
  • the term "reworked joint seam" as used in the present invention means that in the production of a sphere, the incomplete spherical shell which has been previously formed is processed into a complete sphere by means of further means such as bonding, splicing or pressing, etc. A joint formed by the surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a once-formed seamless table tennis ball provided by the present invention.
  • the spherical shell 1 is a hollow sealed thin-walled spherical shell which is rotated at a high speed and formed at one time, and the inside of the hollow spherical shell is filled with a certain pressure of gas (gas is not shown), and the pressure of the gas does not exceed 3
  • the spherical shell 1 has an outer surface 2 and an inner surface 3, forming a complete seamless table tennis.
  • the spherical shell 1 since the spherical shell 1 is integrally formed at one time by the rotational molding process, the spherical shell 1 is a seamless and independent structure as a whole, gp, and there is no joint seam, joint, or pressure on the casing.
  • the spherical shell 1 has the same wall thickness (with a wall thickness error of 0.03 mm).
  • the entire surface of the inner surface 3 also has no visible joints of any form and becomes a complete continuous spherical surface.
  • the outer surface 2 is a complete continuous spherical surface that is ground to a T3 standard after molding.
  • the production process of the table tennis adding the raw materials for making table tennis into the spherical mold corresponding to the size of the table tennis and closing the mold, and setting the spherical mold in the rotational molding device to make the rotomolding into
  • the two rotating shafts of the type device are perpendicular to each other, and both axes pass through the center of the spherical cavity of the mold; the spherical mold is heated according to the specific conditions of the material or the raw material is chemically changed to become flowable dynamic, so that the spherical mold Simultaneously rotating around the two rotating shafts, and controlling the speed range from 20 rpm to 3000 rpm (the specific speed can be determined according to the properties of the selected material, so that the material can be uniformly attached to the inner wall as the control standard)
  • the flowable raw material in the mold is uniformly attached to the inner wall of the cavity of the mold under the centrifugal force and its own gravity to become the spherical shell 1; after
  • the cavity As an alternative solution, after discharging into the mold cavity and closing the mold, it is preferable to fill the cavity with a certain pressure of gas (not more than 3 standard atmospheric pressures), and to ensure a fully sealed closed mold, gp, without leaking
  • a certain pressure of gas not more than 3 standard atmospheric pressures
  • the material is ventilated under the condition of no air leakage, so that the formed table tennis ball has the same gas pressure inside the hollow interior of the spherical shell as the gas filled in the cavity before molding.
  • the inflated ping pong ball has superior elasticity.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

一种整体无缝结构的乒乓球
技术领域
本发明涉及一种整体无缝， 壁厚基本均匀的乒乓球， 且该乒乓球的整个 内表面是一个完整、 连续的球面； 本发明还涉及该乒乓球的制作方法。 背景技术
无论是大型比赛， 还是人们日常娱乐， 使用的乒乓球的结构通常是由 两个半球形薄壁塑料球壳通过粘接、 悍接或压合等方式连接成的一个中空 的密封的球体。 球的外表面经打磨后达到密缝的要求， 即球的外表面没有 明显可见的连接缝， 从而形成完整的连续的球面， 这种结构的球称为密缝 乒乓球。 但是严格地讲， 这种球依然是有缝球， 虽经精细加工， 乒乓球的 内表面仍有明显可见的连接缝存在。 因有连接缝的存在， 球的内表面就不 是一个完整的连续的球面， 同时， 在球的两个半球形球壳的连接处虽然是 密缝结构， 即使肉眼看不到接缝， 但依然有实质的再加工连接缝存在。 在 材料方面， 赛璐璐依然是制造乒乓球的主要原材料。 目前， 国际乒联批准 的比赛用球， 为满足性能指标的要求， 其材质依然是赛璐璐。 虽然赛璐璐 材料有公知的不稳定性和易燃的危险性， 在生产中容易引起火灾方面的安 全事故， 而且用赛璐璐制造乒乓球的工艺复杂， 生产周期长， 成本高， 由 于产品的性能指标要求高， 受到制作工艺的限制， 选择其它材质替代赛璐 璐制作乒乓球还不具有实际应用的条件。 为此国际乒联在其技术文件 (Technical Leaflet T3 ) 标准 （以下简称 Τ3标准） 中明确规定： 鼓励和 支持厂家研制新的更好的材料替代赛璐璐， 以便制造出性能更好、 更稳定 更环保的乒乓球。
国际乒联在 Τ3 标准中对乒乓球的直径 （也称圆度）、 重量、 偏心 （也 称滚动性）、 硬度、 弹跳等几个技术指标有着严格的规定， 所以， 要使新的 材料或新的成型工艺制造出的乒乓球能替代目前的赛璐璐乒乓球， 在偏心 (也称滚动性）、 硬度、 弹跳等几个技术指标达到类似或超过此标准的要求 有相当的难度。 多年来， 不断有一些单位或个人对这方面进行了研究。 例 如， 在新的乒乓球成型工艺方面， 在中国专利申请 01126885. 9中公开了一 种将塑料先挤塑， 再两次进模的类似吹塑的工艺制造乒乓球的方法， 但这 种工艺制造出的乒乓球， 难以做到壁厚均匀， 因而在硬度要求和弹跳要求 两方面均达不到 T3 标准； 在新的乒乓球材料研制方面， 中国专利申请 90103206. 9 中公开了一种以改性聚苯乙烯为主体的材料， 中国申请 200680034220. X中也公开了一种用于替代赛璐璐的有机非交联的聚合物， 以及利用该合成材料加工乒乓球的工艺； 国内的双鱼和红双喜等品牌乒乓 球厂家也在这方面进行了相关的研究， 但这些新材料在制作乒乓球的成型 工艺上， 依然是沿用类似传统乒乓球的成型工艺， 即先利用注塑或冲压等 方式制出多个壳片或半球壳， 再将多个壳片或两个半球壳通过粘接、 悍接、 压合等方式连接而成为中空球。 这些工艺虽然改变了乒乓球的材料， 但制 作工艺依然与传统乒乓球一样比较复杂， 即使制造出的乒乓球满足 T3标准 要求， 生产成本也很难降低。
对于现有采用最多的制造乒乓球的工艺， 可以归纳为， 先制出两个半 球状的球壳， 再将两个半球状球壳经后期粘接而成为一个密封的中空的乒 乓球。 生产时既要保证两半球壁厚一致， 又要保证球的重量精度， 还要保 证粘合可靠， 普遍的特点是工序多， 工艺复杂， 生产难度大， 产品合格率 低。 采用这种后期粘接生产工艺， 从球的外表面来看， 粘接缝在膨球后经 打磨处理， 达到了密缝的要求， 球的外表面可以认为是一个完整的和连续 的球面， 但球的内部在粘接缝处却明显会凸出于球的内表面， 形成一条环 形的凸起带， 因此， 在接缝处的球壳的壁厚和其它位置的壁厚是明显不相 同的； 而采用吹塑工艺成型的球， 则是在压合接缝处的球的内表面有一条 明显可见的凹陷的环带， 因而接缝处的壁厚和其它位置也是不同的， 从球 的内表面看， 可以明显看出乒乓球也是由两个半球壳压合而成。 无论是哪 种工艺， 凸起带或凹陷带的存在都会使接缝处的硬度与两半球顶部及其它 位置的硬度难以保持一致， 使用中的弹力 （弹跳性） 也难一致， 同时， 球 的内表面也被凸起带或凹陷带分隔成两个部份， 实质上不是一个完整的连 续的球面， 增加了对球的弹性控制要求和难度， 也降低了球的寿命。 目前 的技术状况下， 要使两半球壳粘接时在内表面不形成凸起带， 使球的内表 面同外表面一样都是一个完整的连续的球面， 从工艺来讲无法做到， 即使 做得到， 在接缝处的粘接牢度也难以保证。 同时， 虽然肉眼不可见， 但在 球壳的壳体中依然会有再加工接缝的存在， 球的使用寿命就会降低。 即使 两半球采用悍接、 压合等方式连接， 也都会有上述类似的问题。 因此只要 有连接缝的存在， 即使不明显凸出或凹陷于球的内表面， 都会影响球的品 质。 所以说， 如果不改变现有乒乓球的这种存在再加工连接缝和壁厚不一 致的结构缺点， 即使采用品质比赛璐璐更稳定更环保的材料， 也难以制造 出品质和性能比目前的赛璐璐乒乓球明显改观的产品。 发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足， 本发明提供一种具有整体无缝结构且性能 改进的乒乓球， 该乒乓球通过滚塑成型工艺一次成型， 球壳的内、 外表面 均为连续的球面， 无任何可见的连接缝， gp， 球壳的壳体上没有任何例如 粘接缝、 悍接缝、 压合缝等形式的再加工连接缝， 且球壳具有统一均匀的 壁厚， 从而更利于达到乒乓球的各项技术指标。
本发明还提供了制作上述乒乓球的方法， 通过采用滚塑成型工艺， 使 原料在模腔中形成适当壁厚的中空球壳， 制作出内外表面均连续、 无连接 缝的新型乒乓球， 并且制作工艺简单、 易操控， 利于工业化规模生产， 在 制作高品质乒乓球的同时， 也降低了制作成本。
首先， 本发明提供了一种不同于现有产品的乒乓球， 该乒乓球为一次 成型的中空密封球壳， 且具有连续的内表面。
本发明提供的乒乓球更突出的特点是球壳整体无缝， 且球壳的内、 外 表面均无再加工连接缝。
优选地， 本发明所述乒乓球是通过滚塑成型工艺制作而成。
根据本发明的方案， 所述乒乓球的球壳内充有气体， 压力为 9个标准 大气压以下， 从而更利于满足球的硬度和弹跳性标准； 优选为球壳内所充 气体的压力不超过 3个标准大气压。
本发明的乒乓球不存在再加工连接缝， 球壳具有基本统一的壁厚， 且 球壳壁厚的误差在 ± 0. 04毫米以下 （壁厚差异的绝对值 0. 04mm
本发明的乒乓球材质可以选自聚烯烃、 尼龙、 聚碳酸酯、 聚酯、 ABS 或 PS等利于实现滚塑成型的材料， 从而利于提高生产中的安全性。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述乒乓球的方法， 该方法包括以下歩骤： 将制作乒乓球的原料加入与乒乓球尺寸相符的球形模具中并闭合模具， 将 该球形模具设置于滚塑成型装置中， 使滚塑成型装置的两个旋转轴的轴线 均通过该模具的球形模腔的球心， 且两个旋转轴的轴线相互垂直； 使球形 模具同时绕所述的两个旋转轴旋转， 并控制转速范围在 20转 /分钟一 3000 转 /分钟， 使模具内可以流动的原料在离心力和其自身重力作用下均匀附着 在模具的模腔内壁上， 原料固化成为球壳； 打开模具， 脱模取出球壳。
本发明的制作方法还包括对脱模后的球壳实施表面处理， 以得到外表 面满足标准的乒乓球产品。
上述制作乒乓球的方法中所述的 "模具内形成的可以流动的原料"， 包 括对模具加热或物料间化学反应而形成的熔融态、 液态或糊状等的可流动 物料， 具体形成方式及流动态形式取决于对物料的选择。
为了调节乒乓球的弹跳力， 在闭合模具后， 可以选择性地向模具内充 入一定压力的气体， 使脱模后的球壳具有不超过 3个标准大气压的压力。
总之， 本发明提供的乒乓球只由一个一次成型的密封球壳独立构成， 球壳的壁厚基本上相同， 整体无缝， gp， 球壳的壳体上没有任何例如粘接 缝、 悍接缝、 压合缝等形式的再加工连接缝， 而乒乓球的整个内、 外表面 均是一个完整的连续的球面。 这种新结构的乒乓球， 弹跳均匀， 综合性能 良好。
本发明提供的乒乓球， 生产时只需在公知的、 适用于现有滚塑成型工 艺的材料， 例如聚烯烃、 尼龙、 聚碳酸酯、 聚酯、 ABS和 PS等材料中选取 材质稳定、 环保的材料， 通过滚塑成型工艺一次成型， 就能生产出在偏心、 硬度、 弹跳等几个方面都比国际乒联 T3标准的要求更高的乒乓球制品。 本 发明制作乒乓球是一次成型， 工艺简单， 操作方便， 同时， 滚塑成型的相 关设备结构简单， 体积小， 耗电少， 产品成本也较低， 生产过程对环境没 有污染， 有利于乒乓球的大批量生产。
本发明可采用的具体技术方案是： 选择成型模具的模腔为球形， 使模 具同时绕相互垂直的两条轴方向高速旋转， 而该滚塑成型装置的两条旋转 轴线均经过球形模腔的球心， 控制模具在旋转的同时内部的材料成为流动 态， 在离心力和物料自身重力的共同作用下， 模腔内的液态、 熔融态或糊 状等可以流动的物料就在转动中厚度均匀地分布在球形模腔的内壁上， 维 持模具的正常旋转， 涂布在模腔内壁的物料发生固化变为固体， 经脱模， 得到一个中空的球体， 再经打磨外表面等后处理， 就能得到整体无缝、 壁 厚基本上相同的乒乓球。 该乒乓球只由一个完整的中空密封的薄壁球壳构 成， 球壳为一次成型的整体结构， 整体无缝， BP , 球壳的壳体上无任何例 如粘接缝、 悍接缝、 压合缝等形式的再加工连接缝， 球壳的任意位置都具 有相同的壁厚， 球壳的内表面无任何可见的连接缝， 球壳的整个内、 外表 面均是一个完整的连续的球面（现有工艺制作的乒乓球通过后期打磨处理， 只能保证外表面基本是连续的球面）。
在本发明的具体方案中， 向模具腔内放料并闭模后， 优选还向模腔内 充入一定压力的气体， 并确保全密封闭模， gP， 在不漏料不漏气的条件下 再旋转成型， 这样成型出来的乒乓球， 球壳的中空内部的气体压力则与成 型前模腔内充入的气体的压力相同。 与现有技术相比， 通过这种方式， 在 用相同材料生产乒乓球的情况下， 本发明可以在一定范围内调节乒乓球的 弹跳和硬度方面的性能， 使弹跳更稳定。 使用者打乒乓球时球感更好， 球 的前冲力更强。 通常情况下， 乒乓球内部气体的压力在 9个标准大气压以 下， 气压过高会使乒乓球容易变形， 甚至会使球破裂， 本发明优选控制乒 乓球内部压力在 3个标准大气压以下。
本发明所提供的整体无缝、 壁厚基本上相同的乒乓球， 运用了公知的 滚塑成型 （也称旋塑、 旋转成型、 旋转模塑、 旋转铸塑、 回转成型等） 工 艺， 并可在此基础上进行简单的改变， 使模具同时绕二个相互垂直且通过 模具球心的旋转轴方向转动， 模腔内的物料在离心力和其自身重力作用下 均匀附着在模具的模腔内壁上 （本发明也称双轴离心力旋转成型工艺）。 现 有滚塑工艺是生产大型和特大型中空塑料制品的重要方法， 如果用于生产 诸如乒乓球这样的小型产品， 即使能达到相关标准的要求， 其生产效率也 很低， 导致生产成本较高； 另一方面， 滚塑成型生产时虽然模具也可以同 时绕相互垂直的两个轴 （纵横轴） 旋转， 但通常加工的滚塑制品都是形状 各异的大型产品， 为了使模腔内的物料能流动并涂布到模腔内壁的各个位 置， 控制模具转速不能高， 通常转速 20转 /分钟以内， 转速过高则局部位 置会涂布不到或不均匀， 制出的产品则是废品； 而模具低速旋转时， 液态、 熔融态或糊状的物料只是依靠自身的重力的作用逐层涂布在模具模腔的内 壁上， 由于逐层涂布及转速低这两个原因， 使得成型后的产品的壁厚不均 匀， 现有的滚塑工艺制成的产品， 其壁厚的误差通常在 0. 20毫米 1. 20毫 米（对于大尺寸产品， 这样的壁厚误差完全可以接受）。 现有赛璐璐乒乓球 的球壳平均壁厚不到 0. 55毫米， 相关标准对其壁厚精度要求又很高， 通常 乒乓球的对称面球壳的壁厚误差超过 0. 04毫米时， 在偏心检测时， 就很难 达到 T3标准的要求， 同时壁厚的误差也会导致乒乓球球壳的不同的位置的 硬度不均匀， 弹跳不均匀， 也难在硬度和弹跳两个方面达到 T3标准的相关 要求。 按照本发明的方法生产包括乒乓球在内的直径较小的中空球形制品， 通常球形制品直径在 120毫米以下时， 加工实施是非常经济的， 现有的可 用于滚塑加工的塑料如聚烯烃、 尼龙、 聚碳酸酯、 聚酯、 ABS和 PS等， 都 可以采用本发明的该双轴离心力旋转成型工艺制得中空的壁厚均匀的球形 制品。 本发明制作工艺的装料、 加热、 旋转成型、 冷却、 脱模、 模具清理 等几个生产基本歩骤， 则与现有的滚塑工艺完全相同， 生产时根据所加工 的物料的流动性调整好两条旋转轴的转速， 就能稳定地生产出一个个整体 无缝且壁厚相同的乒乓球或其它中空球形制品。 本发明工艺中， 由于物料 是在离心力和重力的共同作用下快速地直接附着在模腔内壁上， 而不是像 现有滚塑工艺是慢慢逐层涂布， 因而在确保产品质量的同时缩短了产品生 产周期， 从装料到脱模出产品的一个完整生产周期平均要节省三分之一的 时间， 也就是说本发明提供的制作工艺在可生产出高品质乒乓球的同时， 生产效率更高， 成本更低。 实验及批量生产的测试结果表明， 本发明提供 的乒乓球的球壳的壁厚误差可精确地控制在 0. 04毫米之内，甚至低于 0. 03 毫米， 因此， 相对传统由两个半球组合而成的壁厚明显不相同的有缝乒乓 球而言， 可以这样说， 该整体无缝乒乓球的球壳的任意位置都具有相同的 壁厚。 其它测试指标包括： 偏心测试结果， 该乒乓球偏离中心线的范围在 0-156mm ( T3标准为 0_175mm) ; 对球的硬度检查， 该乒乓球的硬度范围在 0. 72mm-0. 79mm (T3标准为 0. 71mm_0. 84mm) ； 球的弹跳力测试， 该乒乓球的 弹跳范围在 248mm-260mm (T3标准为 240mm-260mm) ； 因此， 本发明提供的新 型乒乓球在品质上完全达到了 T3标准的要求。
本发明的有益效果是， 该乒乓球只由一个一次成型的密封球壳独立构 成， 球壳的壁厚相同， 球壳的壳体中没有任何形式的再加工连接缝， 球壳 的内表面也没有任何形式的可见的连接缝。 本发明方案实施中， 只需在公 知的适用于现有滚塑工艺的塑料中选取材质稳定、 环保的材料， 就能大批 量生产出性能良好、 环保安全的乒乓球。 经生产过程中测试， 本发明提供 的乒乓球， 在偏心、 硬度、 弹跳等几个方面均达到比 T3标准更高的要求。 由于乒乓球一次整体成型， 工序少， 工艺简单， 产品合格率高， 成本低， 球的成本仅相当于现有赛璐璐乒乓球的 60%-72%。有关生产设备的投入成本 低， 占地少， 耗能小， 生产时对环境没有污染， 有利于乒乓球的大批量生 产。 本发明所提及的 "再加工连接缝" 是指在球体制作中， 利用事先成型 的不完整球壳借助进一歩的例如粘接、 悍接或压合等手段加工成完整球体 时在球体内外表面形成的连接缝。 附图说明
图 1是本发明提供的一次成型无缝乒乓球的剖面示意图。
图中标号： 1.球壳； 2.外表面； 3.内表面。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一歩说明。
在图 1中， 球壳 1是经高速旋转并一次成型的中空的密封的薄壁球壳 体， 中空的球壳内部充有一定压力的气体（图中未画出气体）， 气体的压力 不超过 3个标准大气压， 球壳 1具有外表面 2和内表面 3， 构成一个完整的 无缝乒乓球。 如图 1所示， 因为球壳 1是利用滚塑成型工艺一次整体成型 的， 所以球壳 1 是整体无缝的独立结构， gp， 壳体上没有任何如粘接缝、 悍接缝、 压合缝等形式的再加工连接缝， 同时， 球壳 1 的任意位置具有相 同的壁厚 （壁厚误差在 0. 03毫米之内）。 内表面 3的整个表面也没有任何 形式的可见的连接缝， 而成为一个完整的连续的球面。 外表面 2在成型后 按照 T3标准被打磨成的一个完整的连续的球面。
该乒乓球的制作过程： 将制作乒乓球的原料加入与乒乓球尺寸相符的 球形模具中并闭合模具， 将该球形模具设置于滚塑成型装置中， 使滚塑成 型装置的两个旋转轴相互垂直， 且二条轴线均通过该模具的球形模腔的球 心； 根据材料具体情况对该球形模具实施加热或控制原料通过化学变化而 成为可流动态， 使球形模具同时绕所述的两个旋转轴旋转， 并控制转速范 围在 20转 /分钟一 3000转 /分钟 (具体转速可以根据所选择材料的性质确定， 以物料能实现在内壁均匀附着为控制标准）， 使模具内的可流动的原料在离 心力和其自身重力作用下均匀附着在模具的模腔内壁上， 成为球壳 1 ; 待球 壳壁厚满足要求后， 对该球形模具维持旋转状态下， 原料发生固化成为球 壳， 打开模具， 脱模取出球壳 1。
作为选择性方案， 向模具腔内放料并闭模后， 优选还可向模腔内充入 一定压力的气体 （不超过 3个标准大气压）， 并确保全密封闭模， gp， 在不 漏料不漏气的条件下再旋转成型， 这样成型出来的乒乓球， 球壳的中空内 部的气体压力则与成型前模腔内充入的气体的压力相同。 经充气后的乒乓 球具有更优异的弹力。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种乒乓球，其特征在于，所述乒乓球为一次成型的中空密封球壳， 且具有连续的内表面。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的乒乓球， 其特征在于， 所述乒乓球的球壳为 整体无缝。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的乒乓球， 其特征在于， 所述乒乓球球壳的壳 体上没有任何再加工连接缝， 球壳的内表面无可见的连接缝。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的乒乓球， 其特征在于， 所述乒乓球 是通过滚塑成型工艺制作而成。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的乒乓球， 其特征在于， 所述乒乓球 的球壳内充有气体， 压力不超过 3个标准大气压。
6、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的乒乓球， 其特征在于， 所述乒乓球 的球壳具有基本统一的壁厚， 且球壳壁厚的误差在 0.04毫米以下。
7、 权利要求 1-6任一项所述乒乓球的制作方法， 其特征在于， 该方法 包括以下歩骤： 将制作乒乓球的原料加入与乒乓球尺寸相符的球形模具中 并闭合模具， 将该球形模具设置于滚塑成型装置中， 使滚塑成型装置的两 个旋转轴的轴线均通过该模具的球形模腔的球心， 且两个旋转轴的轴线相 互垂直； 使球形模具同时绕所述的两个旋转轴旋转， 并控制转速范围在 20 转 /分钟一 3000转 /分钟，从而使模具内可以流动的原料在离心力和其自身重 力作用下均匀附着在模具的模腔内壁上， 成为球壳； 球形模具维持旋转状 态下， 待原料发生固化后便成为球壳， 打开模具， 脱模取出球壳。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的制作方法， 其特征在于， 该方法还包括对脱 模后的球壳实施表面处理。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的制作方法， 其特征在于， 在闭合模具后， 向 模具内充入一定压力的气体， 使脱模后的球壳具有不超过 3个标准大气压 的压力。
PCT/CN2010/071260 2009-03-31 2010-03-24 一种整体无缝结构的乒乓球 Ceased WO2010111920A1 (zh)

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