WO2010100665A1 - Process and system for working and transforming agricultural foodstuff products - Google Patents
Process and system for working and transforming agricultural foodstuff products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010100665A1 WO2010100665A1 PCT/IT2010/000076 IT2010000076W WO2010100665A1 WO 2010100665 A1 WO2010100665 A1 WO 2010100665A1 IT 2010000076 W IT2010000076 W IT 2010000076W WO 2010100665 A1 WO2010100665 A1 WO 2010100665A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- product
- cooling
- shell
- shelling
- subjected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for working and transforming products, in particular agricultural-foodstuff products, specifically products with shells, relatively to shelling, namely the separation of a shell from a fruit and the removal of skins form the external parts of the shelled fruit.
- the field in which the present invention operates refers in particular to technical systems currently and generically in use with specific plants and lines, different for every type of product, both in preparation, and in the process of breaking the shell and separating the shelled fruit.
- the current system that performs the so-called "shelling process” provides the solution of specifics for every type of product and every quantitative program, and compulsorily requires big-sized rooms depending on the production quality and quantity.
- shelling compulsorily determines the work with individual machines for every type and every size of every quality of product, mentioning for example hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts, pine seeds, etc.
- Such working system generically and currently in use in order to pre-arrange the product for the shelling or shell-breaking process, needs and must be previously equipped with a complex system for selecting, handling and transporting the product.
- Such system for pre-arranging the product for the shelling process must be differentiated for every product quality and every size, and in proportion to sizes deriving from the quantitative program, as well as in different and proportional powers of applied electric energy.
- FR-A-2450067 discloses a process of the above- mentioned type, which needs a first calibrating step, a pre-fragilisation step and a second calibrating step before cooling the products: this increases the number of steps and the costs for working such products. Moreover, there is no step of heating the product before supplying it to the cooling step.
- WO-A-99/15843 discloses a method and apparatus for cryogenic rheological modification of shelled food where there is no step of heating the product before supplying it to the cooling step; moreover, in the preferred embodiment of WO-A-99/15843, there is an hydrating step, which is not provided in the present invention.
- GB-A-21931 discloses a process for the extraction of kernels from nuts which only provides a heating step for facilitating the extraction.
- object of the present invention is solving the above prior art problems, by providing a process and a system for shelling or breaking a shell, that allow directly passing, automatically or manually, from the storage directly to the shelling (or shell breaking) of the products, avoiding the processes for preparing, sizing or any other intermediate steps performed in current processes.
- the present invention allows the process of shelling or shell breaking for all product qualities, for all sizes and in the amounts in which one has to operate, with a single solution valid for every type and quality of the shelled products, mentioning for example hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts, pine seeds, etc.
- the present invention Further allows making a final agricultural-foodstuff product that is perfectly whole and with a better quality with respect to the one obtained with existing systems.
- Such ' process consists in performing the shelling or shell breaking process in a time which is different according to product quality and size and which can change within a range up to about 30 minutes.
- the inventive process consists in pre-arranging and contacting, or in handling by contact, through any transporting and handling process of any type of shelled product, with such a specific material as to generate low-temperature cold.
- such specific material is liquid nitrogen, or helium, or a low- temperature cooled chamber (criogenic chamber) .
- a low- temperature cooled chamber criogenic chamber
- other materials or solutions are possible, or other liquid gases compatible with foodstuff working, that allow generating low-temperature cold.
- the process allows the immediate, or almost immediate, cracking or weakening of the shell structure, so that a simple following system, both for shalking and for compressing or other, allows its breaking and the following separation of tge shell from the fruit.
- the steps of the inventive process therefore are as follows : supplying the product to be shelled; cooling the product to be shelled;
- Cooling instead, is performed at a temperature from 0 0 C to -250 0 C: when liquid nitrogen is used, the operating temperature, as known, is preferably equal to about -195°C.
- the cooling cycle depends on the type of product to be shelled; ideal cycle times range from about 2 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the invention also comprises a system for performing the above process, which system is made as either a fixed, or a flexible, transportable, transformable and adaptable system.
- such system comprises: means 1 for supplying the product to be shelled; means 3 for cooling the product to be shelled; and means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product .
- reference numbers 4 designate respective means for loading and unloading the products to be shelled onto/from the cooling means 3.
- Such system is unique for all type of shelled products to be worked, such as hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts and pine seeds, etc.
- the means 1 for supplying the product to be shelled are composed of a variable flow-rate conveyor.
- the means 3 for cooling the product to be shelled are composed in particular of a container, preferably connected to a vessel 2 for the cooling liquid; in such cooling means 3, movements occur, as schematically shown in Figure 1, inside the container to allow the contact of the product to be shelled with the cooling means (liquid) .
- the innovative cooling generates the shell cracking, making it easily able to be broken with suitable downstrewam operations .
- the means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product are preferably composed of throwing means, made as a fan with adjustable speed, that, by pushing the product to bump against suitable walls, generate its shelling.
- the means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product are preferably composed of squashing or beating or abrading means by contact or compression of the product: the final result is the breaking of the shell of the treated products.
- the particularity of the present invention also allows using very simplified means 5 for breaking the shell; for example, throwing means that once could be used only for some types of products, can now be applied to almost all products to be shelled, since the shell has already previously cracked by the upstream cooling means.
- the above-mentioned system is operating for every type of product, avoiding the preparation for sizing, necessary with current systems, and operates with the handling process for contacting the product.
- the system made in this way allows working in reduced spaces, without the need of big-sized spaces like in current plants. Moreover, the system 1 allows working with an electric potentiality and related components in very reduced proportions with respect to the current system.
- the inventive system allows designing and manufacturing lines and plants for working and transforming dry fruits as a whole, with greatly reduced and economically different sizes and programs, with reference to the production that can be obtained with current and genering systems being used.
- the system allows applying to the product a cold- only thermal contrast with various times and at various temperatures, or allows applying to the products the cold/hot thermal contrast, or still more the hot/cold/hot thermal contrast.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
- Multi Processors (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Beans For Foods Or Fodder (AREA)
Abstract
A system and a process are described for working and transforming agricultural-foodstuff products in a shell; the process comprises the steps of : heating and supplying the product to be shelled; cooling the product to be shelled; breaking the shell of the cooled product; and separating the broken shell from the product.
Description
PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR WORKING AND TRANSFORMING AGRICULTURAL FOODSTUFF PRODUCTS
The present invention relates to a process for working and transforming products, in particular agricultural-foodstuff products, specifically products with shells, relatively to shelling, namely the separation of a shell from a fruit and the removal of skins form the external parts of the shelled fruit.
Currently known systems in the art have inconveniences deriving from the fact that, for every type of product with a shell, they need, for shelling operations, one or more machines or one or more particular systems, suitably studied and built.
The field in which the present invention operates refers in particular to technical systems currently and generically in use with specific plants and lines, different for every type of product, both in preparation, and in the process of breaking the shell and separating the shelled fruit.
The current system, that performs the so-called "shelling process", provides the solution of specifics
for every type of product and every quantitative program, and compulsorily requires big-sized rooms depending on the production quality and quantity.
The so-called common and generic process for breaking the shell, designated as "shelling", compulsorily determines the work with individual machines for every type and every size of every quality of product, mentioning for example hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts, pine seeds, etc.
Such working system, generically and currently in use in order to pre-arrange the product for the shelling or shell-breaking process, needs and must be previously equipped with a complex system for selecting, handling and transporting the product.
Such system for pre-arranging the product for the shelling process must be differentiated for every product quality and every size, and in proportion to sizes deriving from the quantitative program, as well as in different and proportional powers of applied electric energy.
FR-A-2450067 discloses a process of the above- mentioned type, which needs a first calibrating step, a pre-fragilisation step and a second calibrating step before cooling the products: this increases the number of
steps and the costs for working such products. Moreover, there is no step of heating the product before supplying it to the cooling step.
WO-A-99/15843 discloses a method and apparatus for cryogenic rheological modification of shelled food where there is no step of heating the product before supplying it to the cooling step; moreover, in the preferred embodiment of WO-A-99/15843, there is an hydrating step, which is not provided in the present invention.
GB-A-21931 discloses a process for the extraction of kernels from nuts which only provides a heating step for facilitating the extraction.
Therefore, object of the present invention is solving the above prior art problems, by providing a process and a system for shelling or breaking a shell, that allow directly passing, automatically or manually, from the storage directly to the shelling (or shell breaking) of the products, avoiding the processes for preparing, sizing or any other intermediate steps performed in current processes.
The present invention allows the process of shelling or shell breaking for all product qualities, for all sizes and in the amounts in which one has to operate, with a single solution valid for every type and quality of the shelled products, mentioning for example hazels
nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts, pine seeds, etc.
The present invention Further allows making a final agricultural-foodstuff product that is perfectly whole and with a better quality with respect to the one obtained with existing systems.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention, as will appear from the following description, are obtained with a process and a system as claimed in the respective independent Claims. Preferred embodiments and non-trivial variations of the present invention are claimed in the dependent Claims.
The present invention will be better described by some preferred embodiments thereof, given as a non- limiting ■ example, with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the system of the present invention.
With ' reference to the Figure, a preferred, but non- limiting, embodiment is shown, of the system that allows performing a process for working and transforming agricultural-foodstuff products of the present invention.
Such' process consists in performing the shelling or shell breaking process in a time which is different according to product quality and size and which can
change within a range up to about 30 minutes.
The inventive process consists in pre-arranging and contacting, or in handling by contact, through any transporting and handling process of any type of shelled product, with such a specific material as to generate low-temperature cold.
In particular, in a non-limiting way, such specific material is liquid nitrogen, or helium, or a low- temperature cooled chamber (criogenic chamber) . Obviously, other materials or solutions are possible, or other liquid gases compatible with foodstuff working, that allow generating low-temperature cold.
With this innovative cooling solution, the process allows the immediate, or almost immediate, cracking or weakening of the shell structure, so that a simple following system, both for shalking and for compressing or other, allows its breaking and the following separation of tge shell from the fruit.
The steps of the inventive process therefore are as follows : supplying the product to be shelled; cooling the product to be shelled;
- breaking the shell of the cooled product; and separating the broken shell from the product.
For some type of products, for example pine seeds,
it can be useful to provide, upstream of the step of supplying the product to be shelled, a step of heating the product itself, at a temperature ranging from about 200C to 800C.
Cooling, instead, is performed at a temperature from 00C to -2500C: when liquid nitrogen is used, the operating temperature, as known, is preferably equal to about -195°C.
The cooling cycle depends on the type of product to be shelled; ideal cycle times range from about 2 seconds to 5 minutes.
The invention also comprises a system for performing the above process, which system is made as either a fixed, or a flexible, transportable, transformable and adaptable system.
• In particular, such system comprises: means 1 for supplying the product to be shelled; means 3 for cooling the product to be shelled; and means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product .
In Figure 1, reference numbers 4 designate respective means for loading and unloading the products to be shelled onto/from the cooling means 3.
Such system is unique for all type of shelled
products to be worked, such as hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts and pine seeds, etc.
In particular, but not in a limiting way, the means 1 for supplying the product to be shelled are composed of a variable flow-rate conveyor.
Instead, the means 3 for cooling the product to be shelled are composed in particular of a container, preferably connected to a vessel 2 for the cooling liquid; in such cooling means 3, movements occur, as schematically shown in Figure 1, inside the container to allow the contact of the product to be shelled with the cooling means (liquid) . In such means 3, therefore, the innovative cooling generates the shell cracking, making it easily able to be broken with suitable downstrewam operations .
Moreover, the means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product are preferably composed of throwing means, made as a fan with adjustable speed, that, by pushing the product to bump against suitable walls, generate its shelling.
As alternative, the means 5 for breaking the shell of the cooled product are preferably composed of squashing or beating or abrading means by contact or compression of the product: the final result is the
breaking of the shell of the treated products.
The particularity of the present invention also allows using very simplified means 5 for breaking the shell; for example, throwing means that once could be used only for some types of products, can now be applied to almost all products to be shelled, since the shell has already previously cracked by the upstream cooling means.
Downstream of the means 5 for breaking the shell, finally, traditional means (not shown) are provided, that perform the separation of the shell from the unshelled product .
The above-mentioned system is operating for every type of product, avoiding the preparation for sizing, necessary with current systems, and operates with the handling process for contacting the product.
The system made in this way allows working in reduced spaces, without the need of big-sized spaces like in current plants. Moreover, the system 1 allows working with an electric potentiality and related components in very reduced proportions with respect to the current system.
Still more, the inventive system allows designing and manufacturing lines and plants for working and transforming dry fruits as a whole, with greatly reduced and economically different sizes and programs, with
reference to the production that can be obtained with current and genering systems being used.
The system allows applying to the product a cold- only thermal contrast with various times and at various temperatures, or allows applying to the products the cold/hot thermal contrast, or still more the hot/cold/hot thermal contrast.
Claims
1. Process for working and transforming agricultural- foodstuff products with a shell, without performing calibrating steps, comprising the steps of: heating the product to be subjected to shelling, preferably at a temperature from 200C to 800C; supplying the heated product to cooling means (3) ; cooling the product to be subjected to shelling at a temperature from 00C to -2500C; breaking the shell of the cooled product; and separating the broken shell from the product.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the step of cooling occurs by putting the product to be subjected to shelling in contact with a cooling material.
3. Process according to claim 2, characterised in that said cooling material is liquid nitrogen, or helium, or other liquid gases compatible with foodstuff working, and that allow generating low-temperature cold, the cooling temperature for the product being equal to -1950C when liquid nitrogen is used as cooling material.
4. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the step of cooling occurs by inserting the product to be subjected to shelling into a chamber cooled at low temperature or a criogenic chamber.
5. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the step of cooling has a length from 1 second to 8 minutes .
6 System for working and transforming agricultural- foodstuff products with a shell, characterised in that it comprises : means for heating the product to be subjected to shelling, preferably at a temperature from 2O0C to
800C; means (1) for supplying the heated product to be subjected to shelling; means (3) for cooling the product to be subjected to shelling, supplied by said supplying means (1), at a temperature from 00C to -2500C; means (5) for breaking the shell of the cooled product; and means for separating the broken shell from the product .
7. System according to claim 6, characterised in that said means (3) for cooling the product to be subjected to shelling are composed of a container, connected to a vessel (2) for the cooling liquid, said cooling means (3) being adapted to perform an internal movement inside the container to allow the product to be subjected to shelling to get in contact with the cooling material, preferably composed of liquid nitrogen or helium, or alternatively said container being made as a criogenic chamber .
8. System according to claim 6, characterised in that said means (5) for breaking the shell of the cooled product are composed of launching means, made as a fan with adjustable speed, or of means for squashing or knocking or contact-abrading or compressing the product, suitable to finally break the shell of the treated products .
9. Process according to claim 1 or system according to claim 6, wherein said agricultural-foodstuff products are hazels nuts, almonds, peanuts, pistachios, nuts, cashew nuts, Brasilian nuts and pine seeds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITTO2009A000149A IT1393202B1 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2009-03-02 | PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND PROCESSING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS |
| ITTO2009A000149 | 2009-03-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010100665A1 true WO2010100665A1 (en) | 2010-09-10 |
Family
ID=41226724
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2010/000076 Ceased WO2010100665A1 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2010-02-22 | Process and system for working and transforming agricultural foodstuff products |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | IT1393202B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010100665A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102669796A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 中国农业大学 | Chinese chestnut or castanea henryi unshelling method |
| CN104172438A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-03 | 熊以焯 | Walnut shelling machine |
| CN104323406A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 李想 | Fruit and vegetable osmotic dehydration device and method of ultrasonic wave enhanced high-voltage pulse electric field |
| CN104872786A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-02 | 丁巧娜 | Walnut shelling machine of burnout-prevention reminding device |
| CN106360750A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2017-02-01 | 芜湖青弋江种业有限公司 | Shelling machine suitable for astragalus sinicus seed processing and operation method thereof |
| CN110179135A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-30 | 安徽合益食品股份有限公司 | A kind of quick freezing type Chinese chestnut sheller |
| CN111264882A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-12 | 西安交通大学 | A walnut shelling robot that keeps the walnut kernel intact |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191421931A (en) | 1914-11-03 | 1915-08-26 | Henry Edwards | Extraction of Kernels from Cohune and other Hard-shelled Palm Nuts. |
| US1380859A (en) * | 1917-08-21 | 1921-06-07 | Franklin Baker Company | Process of removing shells from cocoanuts |
| US2234157A (en) * | 1937-08-07 | 1941-03-04 | Karl M Jones | Nut cracking |
| GB965206A (en) * | 1959-04-16 | 1964-07-29 | Eric Charles Wyatt | A new or improved method of, and apparatus for extracting kernels from nuts |
| US4090669A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1978-05-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for embrittling integuments of small seeds |
| FR2450067A1 (en) | 1979-03-01 | 1980-09-26 | Bertin & Cie | Industrial cryogenic shelling of cashew and similar nuts - in which freezing and hammering are adjusted to suit narrow size range of nut |
| WO1999015843A1 (en) | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-01 | Bivins, William, W., Jr. | Cryogenic rheological modification of tree nuts |
| WO2001062110A2 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | Berlein Process Technology (Pty) Limited | Process for shelling fruits with shells |
| DE102004025144A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Schilling, Gunnar, Dipl.-Ing. | Shelled coconut is produced by liquid nitrogen treatment leaving coconut core intact and in one piece, when hard shell is removed |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4742686A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-05-10 | Cook Douglas P | Process for increasing tree nut shelling efficiency |
-
2009
- 2009-03-02 IT ITTO2009A000149A patent/IT1393202B1/en active
-
2010
- 2010-02-22 WO PCT/IT2010/000076 patent/WO2010100665A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191421931A (en) | 1914-11-03 | 1915-08-26 | Henry Edwards | Extraction of Kernels from Cohune and other Hard-shelled Palm Nuts. |
| US1380859A (en) * | 1917-08-21 | 1921-06-07 | Franklin Baker Company | Process of removing shells from cocoanuts |
| US2234157A (en) * | 1937-08-07 | 1941-03-04 | Karl M Jones | Nut cracking |
| GB965206A (en) * | 1959-04-16 | 1964-07-29 | Eric Charles Wyatt | A new or improved method of, and apparatus for extracting kernels from nuts |
| US4090669A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1978-05-23 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for embrittling integuments of small seeds |
| FR2450067A1 (en) | 1979-03-01 | 1980-09-26 | Bertin & Cie | Industrial cryogenic shelling of cashew and similar nuts - in which freezing and hammering are adjusted to suit narrow size range of nut |
| WO1999015843A1 (en) | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-01 | Bivins, William, W., Jr. | Cryogenic rheological modification of tree nuts |
| WO2001062110A2 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | Berlein Process Technology (Pty) Limited | Process for shelling fruits with shells |
| DE102004025144A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Schilling, Gunnar, Dipl.-Ing. | Shelled coconut is produced by liquid nitrogen treatment leaving coconut core intact and in one piece, when hard shell is removed |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102669796A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 中国农业大学 | Chinese chestnut or castanea henryi unshelling method |
| CN104172438A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-03 | 熊以焯 | Walnut shelling machine |
| CN104323406A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 李想 | Fruit and vegetable osmotic dehydration device and method of ultrasonic wave enhanced high-voltage pulse electric field |
| CN104872786A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-02 | 丁巧娜 | Walnut shelling machine of burnout-prevention reminding device |
| CN106360750A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2017-02-01 | 芜湖青弋江种业有限公司 | Shelling machine suitable for astragalus sinicus seed processing and operation method thereof |
| CN110179135A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-30 | 安徽合益食品股份有限公司 | A kind of quick freezing type Chinese chestnut sheller |
| CN110179135B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽合益食品股份有限公司 | Quick-freezing type Chinese chestnut sheller |
| CN111264882A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-12 | 西安交通大学 | A walnut shelling robot that keeps the walnut kernel intact |
| CN111264882B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-10 | 西安交通大学 | Walnut shelling robot capable of keeping walnut kernels complete |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITTO20090149A1 (en) | 2009-06-02 |
| IT1393202B1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
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