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WO2010140893A1 - Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe - Google Patents

Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010140893A1
WO2010140893A1 PCT/NO2010/000202 NO2010000202W WO2010140893A1 WO 2010140893 A1 WO2010140893 A1 WO 2010140893A1 NO 2010000202 W NO2010000202 W NO 2010000202W WO 2010140893 A1 WO2010140893 A1 WO 2010140893A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
ventilation device
mesh
swelling
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2010/000202
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Geir Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SECURO AS
Original Assignee
SECURO AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SECURO AS filed Critical SECURO AS
Priority to CA2763726A priority Critical patent/CA2763726A1/fr
Priority to AU2010254688A priority patent/AU2010254688B2/en
Priority to EP10783623.1A priority patent/EP2437856A4/fr
Publication of WO2010140893A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010140893A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/065Physical fire-barriers having as the main closure device materials, whose characteristics undergo an irreversible change under high temperatures, e.g. intumescent
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/14Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in connection with doors, windows, ventilators, partitions, or shutters, e.g. automatic closing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/947Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire by closing openings in walls or the like in the case of fire
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/178Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for on the eaves of the roof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C4/00Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flame resistive ventilation device intended as a fire blocking device, in particular for blocking flames, which can be transferred through ventilation grates and similar apertures with air transfer ("ventilation devices").
  • ventilation devices air transfer devices
  • the term "firebiocking ventilation device” is directed to a passive element, open for air transfer, which prevents the spreading of fire by penetration of flames, heat conduction, convection or radiation.
  • the invention also relates to a method for fire blocking in a ventilation device.
  • Open flame arresters are known which function as heat sink for explosive combustion or shortlived fireballs. They are arranged open, so that air transfers, but not flames. They are often made of steel, either as perforated plates or mesh or as steel strip bodies pressed together, and similar.
  • the function of arresting deflagration combustion first became known as Davy's net in 1815, used by Sir Humphrey Davy, and such elements have been used for different industrial purposes, such as for engine block ventilation and in gas production facilities, as explosion flame shields for personal safety offshore and similar.
  • Building fires are in some instances transferred by flames spreading through openings and channels containing or being adjacent to combustible elements or materials.
  • An example of such a risk in buildings are the inlets to ventilated, non-heated roofs (voids) or attics, where flames on the outside of a wall or from a window, can spread through ventilators in eaves and into combustible structures in attics.
  • Such areas are not easy accessible, and fires that take hold in such areas often result in dramatic consequences.
  • a fire blocking device which comprises a grille body with a plurality of openings permitting an air flow therethrough, said body being formed of, or coated with an intumescent material and a thermally conductive metal mesh also permitting an air flow, wherein the metal mesh has a capacity for heat storage and the intumescent material swells when exposed to sufficient heat to seal the openings.
  • this previous fire blocking device had limitations in more respects, e.g. for making a cavity fire barrier and for providing a two way ventilation device.
  • the main object of the present invention is to create passive and instantly acting fireblocking devices, being an improvement to the prior art, including the ventilation device of the parent application.
  • the ventilation device should be adaptable for use as a cavity flame barrier device.
  • the invention is directed to a novel method for blocking fire in a ventilation device arranged in building or similar structure, comprising:
  • the invention also comprises a flame and fire resistant ventilation device, comprising:
  • a mesh element having a plurality of vent openings dimensioned to quench transient flames, - a swelling element formed of or coated with an intumescent material, to permanently 30 seal the ventilation device during sustained fire exposure;
  • the fireblocking devices according to the invention will instantly prevent flame spreading while not blocking air passage in the normal state. At the same time, birds, insects, leaves and embers are kept out. The air velocity may be reduced in regard to fully open venting gaps between soffit boards, but this may be an advantage, as new research indicates that former regulations were exaggerated and less energy efficient.
  • the fireblocking devices according to the invention can be produced at low cost with inexpensive materials. Installation of the fireblocking device or post-installation with replacement of existing ventilating grilles, respectively, can take place without any particular training and in an easy manner. Furthermore, it is possible to make the fireblocking device according to the invention maintenance-free.
  • Examples of applications of the invention are vents in walls, bulkheads, tanks, ducts, air duct terminals, openings for natural ventilation, in processing plants, vented facade exteriors, vented fire blankets, open fire protective curtains or open protective screens against explosions.
  • a fireblocking device can be used in various applications. It is suitable for buildings, especially in connection with vented attics and as ventilating grilles for ducts and voids that contains combustible material, or which can transfer flames to other combustible structures. Additional fireblocking devices according to the invention can be arranged after one another in a duct or in a transition area. Smoke blocking can easily be obtained by integrating a smoke blocking device or adding one in series as prescribed for smoke and fire dampers by current regulation (ICC in USA).
  • Figure 1 and 2 are a front view and a schematic cross section, respectively, of an embodiment of the invention with a two-way structure;
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention, with a one-way vent,
  • Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of a further embodiment of the invention, being arranged in a cavity, and
  • Figure 5 is a cross sectional view through sample vent openings in board with multiple vent openings.
  • FIG. 1 Basic two way flame and fire resistant ventilation device
  • FIG. 2 a front view and in Figure 2, a cross section through a first embodiment of a flame resistive ventilation device 11 according to the invention are shown schematically.
  • the flame resistive ventilation device 11 is arranged in an opening 12 in a wall 13 of a building.
  • the ventilation device 11 is arranged in a rectangular or alternatively round or oblong frame 14.
  • the flame resistive ventilation device 11 of Figure 1 has five main elements:
  • a heat sink element 15, 16 comprising a mesh which may also have a quenching effect
  • This embodiment may be arranged to have a relatively low temperature in the central area of the quenching gap element 19, allowing the use of a non-heat resistant material.
  • the embodiment of the ventilation device 10 shown in Figure 1 is related to a wall 11 by being arranged with a frame 12 in a hole 13 in this wall. The frame will then act as a thermal insulator.
  • the hole 13 may be rectangular, circular or with another suitable form.
  • a pair of grilles 17 and 18 are arranged in a series in the frame 12.
  • the grilles 17 and 18 are made of intumescent material or of a metal grid or slats coated with an intumescent material.
  • a vent according to this embodiment may typically have a size of 500 x 500 x 30 millimeters.
  • the mesh elements may be of stainless steel and typically have a mesh sire of about 1 to 8 millimeters, e.g. 2 millimeters.
  • the mesh in practical embodiments of the invention may serve multiple purposes, such as reinforcing intumescent expansion, providing effective venting area and providing flame quenching.
  • the invention does not require any specific intumescent material. Designs that require large expansion may require 5 —15 times expansion of normal state, while even 2 times expansion may be sufficient in other designs.
  • Typical intumescent materials are basically hydrants or endothermic materials containing water that transforms to steam upon heat exposure, or they may be sodium silicate or graphite used for providing high pressure expansion which compacts the resulting char.
  • Figure 3 shows the cross section of a second embodiment of a flame resistive ventilation device 21 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment of Figure 3 is intended for one-way use, which may be sufficient for many purposes, for example for venting non-heated roofs or attics.
  • the ventilation device of Figure 3 comprises a frame 22, e.g. of hard wood, for providing a thermal break. Any material of low thermal conductivity and heat resistance may be used.
  • the exposed face is covered with a shield 23 which may be of any reactive intumescent material of endothermic, heat sink properties.
  • the frame 22 is intended for a one way ventilation device, but an optional symmetrical part 22A for a corresponding two way device is also shown.
  • an intumescent grid or grille 24 is shown. Any common intumescent ventilation grid can be applied.
  • a metal mesh with a quenching effect is arranged, on the upstream side a first quenching element 25 and on the downstream side a second quenching element 26.
  • the main purpose of the quenching elements 25 and 26 is to provide an instant blocking of flames through the ventilation device. Both quenching elements 25, 26 may also have a heat sink effect.
  • a heat sink 27 provided by a metal sheet or dish with multiple perforations is arranged, the perforations each having a maximum size corresponding to a quenching gap size of fire gases.
  • a further metal mesh 28 of wire is arranged downstream of the second quenching element 26 downstream of the second quenching element 26 downstream of the second quenching element 26 .
  • This metal mesh provides a further third quenching element 29.
  • the quenching elements 25, 26 may be deleted, the element 29 then being the main quenching element.
  • the inumescent grille 24 and the heat sink 27 may have a quenching effect. All said elements will contribute to the heat absorbing and the heat sink effect.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section through a cavity ventilation device 31 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the cavity ventilation device 31 is arranged in a cavity 32 defined by e.g. the core wall 33 and the sheathing 34 of a building.
  • the cavity 32 can extend over the height of the core wall 33 and along the complete perimeter of the building.
  • the cavity ventilation device 31 can have the general shape of a rod manufactured in suitable lengths, to be inserted in the cavity 32 before arrangement of the sheathing.
  • the cavity ventilation device 31 of this embodiment comprises two generally tubular rolls 35, 36 of wire mesh or grid, which are formed of one sheet, with an intermediate web 37 connecting the rolls 35, 36.
  • the web 37 is tangentially to the rolls, providing a plain side for resting against the core wall 33.
  • intumescent element 38, 39 is inserted in each of the tubular rolls 35, 36 in each of the tubular rolls 35, 36.
  • the intumescent elements 38, 39 are ribbon shaped and arranged parallel to the core wall 33, leaving a space 40, 41on each side for venting.
  • the intumescent elements may be carbon based, with a thickness of 4 millimeters and a width of 45 millimeters.
  • the tubular rolls 35, 36 and the intermediate web 37 may be of a 2 millimeter wire mesh.
  • the rolls 35 of metal mesh will act as a quenching gap element for instant flame blocking.
  • Typical dimensions for the rolls 35, 36 when oblong are 28 x 36 millimeters.
  • the tubular rolls 35, 36 will have the double function of providing a heath sink on the inlet side and a quench gap on the outlet side.
  • the cavity vent 31 will be two-sided, sustaining flames from both sides.
  • the cavity vent according to the invention will also provide a bar for small rodents, small birds and similar animals.
  • intumescent elements 38, 39 By making the intumescent elements 38, 39 of a mesh, allowing venting, said elements may be arranged horizontally, which may provide a more efficient closing when exposed to flames. This arrangement is however more likely to be clogged by deposits of dust over time.
  • the cavity vent according to the invention may have an intumescent element in only one of the tubular rolls 35, 36, preferably the lower. It may also comprise a single roll, with one or more intumescent element.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a board 50 provided for construction purposes.
  • the board 50 may be of any common construction material, e.g. of fiberboard, gypsum, composite material, high density mineral wool or any substrate that by itself will resist fire exposure. The basic requirement is the ability to act as a heat barrier for a certain period of time, normally defined by building and fire protection regulations.
  • the board 50 has multiple stepped holes 42, 43, 44. Each stepped hole has a narrow part 45 with quenching abilities to stop the flames, and a wider part 46 accommodating an annular cartridge 47 of an intumescent material to act as a swelling element when heated.
  • the walls 48 of the narrow part 45 function as a heat sink and a heat accumulator.
  • the walls of the wider part are designated as element 49.
  • the holes are uniform, the quenching gaps will be the restrictions achieved by the annular or doughnut shaped cartridges 47 of intumescent material.
  • the heat absorber will be the exposed mass of the board 50, the heat sink will be the mss of the same 15board, which will also function as an insulator, together with the air of the holes 42 -44.
  • the mass of the board 50 functions as a thermal shield or heat insulation.
  • a typical size of the board 50 may be 2400 x 1200 x 30 millimeters.
  • the smaller opening may have a diameter of 2 millimeters, the wider opening may be typically up to 10 millimeters.
  • the intumescent ring may have an inner diameter of 2 - 5 millimeters or more, designed to close the smaller opening.
  • the hole design may be symmetrical, with a larger bore on each side.
  • a material for a heat sink element or heat accumulator it is possible to utilize a range of materials and structures for heat absorption, e.g. one or more of the following endothermic materials or heat sink structures: mesh grids, water-filled tubes and pellets, gypsum pellets, chemical endothermic ampoules, powder pellets, sand, gravel, and other endothermic devices and porous materials that permit cold air transfer.
  • endothermic materials or heat sink structures e.g. one or more of the following endothermic materials or heat sink structures: mesh grids, water-filled tubes and pellets, gypsum pellets, chemical endothermic ampoules, powder pellets, sand, gravel, and other endothermic devices and porous materials that permit cold air transfer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de ventilation résistant aux flammes et au feu, comprenant : un élément maillé comportant une pluralité d'ouvertures de ventilation dimensionnées pour éteindre des flammes transitoires ; un élément gonflant fabriqué dans un matériau intumescent ou revêtu d'un tel matériau, destiné à sceller de façon permanente le dispositif de ventilation pendant une exposition prolongée au feu ; au moins un corps dissipateur thermique fournissant une surface d'absorption et de dissipation de chaleur ; au moins un élément à capacité de stockage de chaleur associé au corps dissipateur thermique pour empêcher la propagation du feu par une exposition directe prolongée aux flammes ; et une structure calorifuge destinée à empêcher la propagation du feu à travers le dispositif de ventilation par conduction thermique, au moins pendant la période initiale de gonflement de l'élément gonflant.
PCT/NO2010/000202 2009-06-02 2010-06-01 Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe Ceased WO2010140893A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2763726A CA2763726A1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-06-01 Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe
AU2010254688A AU2010254688B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2010-06-01 Method for fire blocking in a ventilation device and a fireblocking ventilation device
EP10783623.1A EP2437856A4 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-06-01 Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/476,442 2009-06-02
US12/476,442 US20090260303A1 (en) 2002-07-05 2009-06-02 Method for fire blocking in a ventilation device and a fireblocking ventilation device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010140893A1 true WO2010140893A1 (fr) 2010-12-09

Family

ID=43297890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2010/000202 Ceased WO2010140893A1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-06-01 Procede de pare-feu dans un dispositif de ventilation et dispositif de ventilation a pare-feu associe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20090260303A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2437856A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU2010254688B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2763726A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010140893A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014103155U1 (de) 2014-07-09 2014-08-07 Svt Brandschutz Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh International Brandgeschütztes Lüftungsgitter
WO2018174720A1 (fr) 2017-03-20 2018-09-27 Scuti As Dispositif coupe-feu

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2475258A (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-18 Christopher John Coxon Ventilator grille
US10184246B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2019-01-22 California Expanded Metal Products Company Fire-rated wall construction product
GB2482318A (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-02-01 Jcc Lighting Products Ltd Intumescent covering for an electrical fitting
US12215498B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2025-02-04 Cemco, Llc Fire-rated joint system
CA2929696A1 (fr) 2015-05-12 2016-11-12 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Event de faitage fait de materiau ignifuge
US11009253B2 (en) 2016-07-25 2021-05-18 Brandguard Vents Vent structure
US20230218937A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2023-07-13 Mark David GROBEN Wildfire containment methods
US10463896B2 (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-11-05 Jamco Products, Inc. Flame arrestor and safety cabinet equipped therewith
EP3947573A1 (fr) * 2019-04-03 2022-02-09 Sika Technology AG Évent à revêtement intumescent pour véhicules de transport de passagers de grande capacité
US20200398090A1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-24 Kewaunee Scientific Corporation Ceramic foam flame arrestor assembly for flammable storage cabinet
CN111312300B (zh) * 2020-02-13 2022-12-20 宜鼎国际股份有限公司 具热防护的数据储存装置
NO345217B1 (no) 2020-03-24 2020-11-09 Scuti As Ventilerende brannstopp
US12454824B2 (en) * 2020-08-19 2025-10-28 Cemco, Llc Building joint with compressible firestopping component
CN113450613B (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-07-08 中国矿业大学(北京) 模拟高温导热构件对灭火影响的装置及模拟方法
CN115138009B (zh) * 2022-06-09 2023-04-11 中国矿业大学 涂有催化涂料的封堵装置、使用方法及涂料的制备方法

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GB1500913A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-02-15 Dufaylite Dev Ltd Fire barrier devices
GB2159051A (en) * 1981-07-23 1985-11-27 Dixon International Ltd Panel device for a ventilation opening
WO1994022536A1 (fr) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-13 Cheng Sing Wang Prevention des incendies involontaires
GB2334675A (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-01 Laurence Keith Kovacs Intumescent ventilator
WO2001062343A1 (fr) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-30 Tomlin Nicholas Barriere contre le feu et la chaleur
WO2001083033A1 (fr) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Environmental Seals Ltd. Grilles de ventilateur
DE10149414A1 (de) * 2001-10-06 2003-04-17 Knauf Westdeutsche Gips Deckenplatten auf der Basis von Gipskartonplatten oder Gipsfaserplatten, Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben und Verwendung derselben

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JPH11173648A (ja) * 1997-12-10 1999-07-02 Toosetsu Kk 防火・防煙ダンパー装置
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GB1500913A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-02-15 Dufaylite Dev Ltd Fire barrier devices
GB2159051A (en) * 1981-07-23 1985-11-27 Dixon International Ltd Panel device for a ventilation opening
WO1994022536A1 (fr) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-13 Cheng Sing Wang Prevention des incendies involontaires
GB2334675A (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-01 Laurence Keith Kovacs Intumescent ventilator
WO2001062343A1 (fr) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-30 Tomlin Nicholas Barriere contre le feu et la chaleur
WO2001083033A1 (fr) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Environmental Seals Ltd. Grilles de ventilateur
DE10149414A1 (de) * 2001-10-06 2003-04-17 Knauf Westdeutsche Gips Deckenplatten auf der Basis von Gipskartonplatten oder Gipsfaserplatten, Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben und Verwendung derselben

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Title
See also references of EP2437856A4 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014103155U1 (de) 2014-07-09 2014-08-07 Svt Brandschutz Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh International Brandgeschütztes Lüftungsgitter
WO2018174720A1 (fr) 2017-03-20 2018-09-27 Scuti As Dispositif coupe-feu

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2437856A4 (fr) 2017-04-19
AU2010254688B2 (en) 2016-08-04
AU2010254688A1 (en) 2011-12-22
EP2437856A1 (fr) 2012-04-11
CA2763726A1 (fr) 2010-12-09
US20090260303A1 (en) 2009-10-22

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