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WO2010037564A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour constater la chute d'une personne - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour constater la chute d'une personne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010037564A1
WO2010037564A1 PCT/EP2009/007271 EP2009007271W WO2010037564A1 WO 2010037564 A1 WO2010037564 A1 WO 2010037564A1 EP 2009007271 W EP2009007271 W EP 2009007271W WO 2010037564 A1 WO2010037564 A1 WO 2010037564A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air pressure
person
fall
pressure sensor
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/007271
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerald Bieber
Ralf Salomon
Marian LÜDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universitaet Rostock
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Universitaet Rostock
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitaet Rostock, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Universitaet Rostock
Publication of WO2010037564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010037564A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1116—Determining posture transitions
    • A61B5/1117—Fall detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0438—Sensor means for detecting
    • G08B21/0446—Sensor means for detecting worn on the body to detect changes of posture, e.g. a fall, inclination, acceleration, gait
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/028—Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the detection of falls in the domestic area, i. within the dwelling of the person, e.g. can also be a room in a dorm or a care facility.
  • the invention is not limited to the domestic field. Rather, the determination of falls according to the invention can also take place during occupational activities (eg activities in the trades and construction, such as the fall of a roofer from the roof of a house) and / or during leisure time.
  • an acceleration value that is above a threshold value allows the determination of a hard fall, ie a fall with a short fall time and strong impact
  • the fall can only be detected if the impact has already occurred
  • An air pressure sensor can be carried by a person on the body at low initial cost, for example, the air pressure sensor can be integrated into a mobile phone, an electronic calendar or other device that carries the person, eg loose in a bag or even strapped or clamped, such as
  • the use of an air pressure sensor has the advantage that, unlike an acceleration sensor, a fixed attachment of the sensor, which is as immutable as possible relative to the person's body, is required. In the case of an acceleration sensor, it could happen without such a fixed attachment that the sensor , for example, in a garment that is not tight, falls more slowly and its impact is dampened by the person's body
  • An air pressure sensor indicates that the sensor is at a lower level than may be the case and / or that the sensor has moved or moved from top to bottom. In both cases, the air pressure reading provided by the sensor becomes Evaluated in order to detect the fall In other words, an air pressure sensor offers two different ways of detecting a fall. On the one hand, a single measured value of the sensor (alternatively an average value of a sequence of measured values of the sensor) can be evaluated.
  • the value z B with In a comparative measurement is preferably another air pressure sensor in the vicinity of the person at a fixed position ZB may be the fixed position well above the height level of the floor so that a fall can be detected if it is determined from the measured values of the air pressure sensor carried on the person's body that this sensor is located below the comparison sensor
  • the criterion may include, for example, checking whether a measured value or a mean value of the person-worn air pressure sensor is more than a predetermined difference of Specifically, the criterion may require the reading or average to be above the comparison value. This is based on the idea that the reference value may be generated by an air pressure sensor installed above the floor level a fall on the floor, the air pressure sensor carried by the person measures a higher air pressure
  • the other possibility of falling detection by evaluating the measured value of the air pressure sensor is that the measured value is evaluated as a function of time. Both possibilities can also be combined for the fall detection.
  • a measured value of the air pressure sensor is repeatedly used to evaluate the time behavior z B at predetermined time intervals If this current measured value is above a previously acquired measured value according to a predefined criterion, the result is a fall.
  • the predefined criterion for which a fall is detected can also be defined differently in order to detect a fall from the time-dependent measuring signal of the air pressure sensor
  • the invention is based on the finding that even with very small air pressure sensors, the air pressure can be measured very accurately and therefore height differences of a few centimeters can be measured.
  • This sensor or another air pressure sensor can be configured as a MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system).
  • the sensor can be a piezoresistive pressure sensor.
  • an element of the pressure sensor consists of a piece of silicon, into which piezoresistances are integrated Due to a corresponding bending, a change in the piezoresistors occurs in the case of compressive loading of a bendable region of the silicon stich.
  • the air pressure sensor preferably has a digital interface for outputting the pressure measurement value as a digital value.
  • the pressure sensor can have a two-pole digital interface, eg a 1 2 C interface. More generally, the air pressure sensor can have an interface for connecting a digital data bus
  • the sensor can be connected to an evaluation device via the interface, eg a microcontroller, which preferably evaluates the measured values of the sensor and optionally also checks whether a fall is to be determined according to a predefined criterion.
  • the evaluation device can merely further process the measured value in the course of a data processing , but not yet determine whether there is a fall In further processing, for example averaging, filtering and / or Plausibihtatskontrolle take place Alternatively or additionally, a correction of the measured value take place, for example, with changing air pressure due to weather changes
  • the evaluation device with The described further processing can also take place in the evaluation device if it determines the fall.
  • the evaluation device does not detect the fall itself, it can For example, a device that can be carried by a person to be monitored, the air pressure sensor, the evaluation device and a wireless module for wireless transmission of However, the radio module can also receive data, eg a correction value (eg from the weather station) or a comparison value, so that the evaluation device of the device carried by the person can make the comparison with the comparison value
  • a correction value eg from the weather station
  • a comparison value e.g from the weather station
  • the invention has the advantage that at low technical equipment expense various falls can be detected In particular, both a fast fall with hard impact as well as a slow-running fall can be detected Furthermore, especially in a quick fall the fall can still be determined during the fall process This allows it is, for example, automatically triggering a protective measure to reduce the effects of a person's impact
  • the evaluation device can access a data memory, it is also possible to compare the measured value of the air pressure sensor as a function of time with stored data corresponding to the measured values in a typical fall Such data can be generated, for example, by simulating a fall Generally speaking, the expected time course of the measured values can be stored as a "pattern" directly as a result of measured values and / or indirectly via parameters describing the course known methods of pattern recognition can then be evaluated, the measured values of the air pressure sensor
  • a comparison value for the air pressure can be used to detect a fall.
  • the comparison value can be repeated, eg determined at periodic intervals and taken into account by the evaluation device in the evaluation of the measured values of the person-worn air pressure sensor for fall detection the reference air pressure can be supplied by a measuring station in the dwelling of the person to be observed.
  • a reference air pressure station can be present for a whole building or a building group.
  • the person can also use an acceleration sensor (eg an IMU, Inertial Measurement Unit) on the body, which also provides immediate acceleration readings
  • an acceleration sensor eg an IMU, Inertial Measurement Unit
  • the Person carries on the body or the stationary away from the person is also a mobile remote station is possible, for example, if a caregiver carries this evaluation device with him
  • the aforementioned acceleration sensor can do this using a pulse sensor (eg, to detect the change in heart rate of a person lying on the floor), a temperature sensor (eg, to detect an altered body temperature of the fallen person and / or a changed ambient temperature on the floor compared to a higher level), a skin resistance sensor (for example, to detect a change in sweat-induced skin resistance of the fallen person) and / or a noise sensor, in particular a microphone (z B to detect a sound when the person hits the ground)
  • a pulse sensor eg, to detect the change in heart rate of a person lying on the floor
  • a temperature sensor eg, to detect an altered body temperature of the fallen person and / or a changed ambient temperature on the floor compared to a higher level
  • a skin resistance sensor for example, to detect a change in sweat-induced skin resistance of the fallen person
  • a noise sensor for example, to detect a change in sweat-induced skin resistance of the fallen person
  • z B to detect a sound when the person hits the
  • this vectorial component is indicative of a plausible value of the air pressure in view of a simultaneously measured increase in the air pressure of the air pressure sensor (in particular by detecting the distance traveled twice by integration over the time interval of the measurement) .
  • a correction of fluctuations (so-called noise) of the measured values of the air pressure sensor can be carried out. In this way, the accuracy of the evaluation of the measured values of the air pressure sensor can be significantly increased, in particular if the plausibility check and correction take place continuously.
  • a method for determining a fall of a person, wherein a measured value of an air pressure sensor, which is arranged on the person, is evaluated and a fall is detected when the measured value meets a predefined criterion.
  • An arrangement for detecting a fall of a person has in particular an air pressure sensor and an evaluation device, wherein the evaluation device receives a measured value of the air pressure sensor and determines a fall when the measured value meets a predefined criterion
  • the predefined criterion can be configured differently.
  • the criterion can have the condition that the measured value is greater than a comparison value by at least a predefined amount.
  • a comparison value More generally, the comparison value is measured by a second air pressure sensor, which is preferably stationary in the environment of the person.
  • a second air pressure sensor which supplies the comparison value, can also be carried by the person Also, this is a comparison between two air pressure values, thereby determining whether a fall takes place or took place.
  • the first air pressure sensor on the person's torso and the The predefined criterion may, for example, include the conditions that the air pressure value of the first and second sensors on the person's body differ less than a predetermined maximum difference, and that the value of the air pressure sensor first air pressure sensor has increased within a period of predetermined length by an amount predetermined size
  • a protective measure to reduce the effects of a person's impact is automatically triggered.
  • Any suitable device that reduces or eliminates the effects of the person's impact can be used as the protective device for carrying out the protective measure.
  • the protective device can be designed such that a compressible body and / or compressible material is arranged and / or generated at the location of the impact.
  • an airbag can be used, as gas for expanding the airbag not only air but any other suitable gas being considered the airbag can be introduced not only gas but also liquid, a mixture of gas with solids or a mixture of liquid, solids and / or gas to develop the protective effect
  • an expandable container is used Vie I can do that protective material or mixture be brought wholly or partially without container in the space between the impact of the person and the ground
  • the protective device may be arranged on the body of the person and / or on the ground
  • a person can wear an airbag on the body that is triggered and inflated triggered by the detection of the fall, so that the hips of the person is protected from a hard impact It does not necessarily because of the much lower impact forces than in a car accident Rather, the material of the bag to be inflated may also be partially permeable to air and therefore breathable. By rapid inflation, however, there will be air on impact in the bag which reduces the severity of the impact
  • one or more measured values of at least one air pressure sensor carried by the person on the body determine with which body part or with which body the body will impact
  • the air pressure sensors used are therefore those sensors which measure the air pressure depending on the direction and can therefore be aligned. If such a sensor is oriented in a direction in which the body of the person falls, creates a dynamic pressure, which is measured by the sensor. Such a sensor will measure a lower dynamic pressure if the direction of movement of the body does not coincide exactly with the orientation, but at least one component of motion (in vectorial decomposition of the speed of movement) coincides with the orientation.
  • a suitable air pressure sensor has z. B. a single opening through which air can flow to measure the air pressure.
  • the dynamic pressure is disturbing, since it corresponds to a high static air pressure and therefore incorrectly too fast or too further fall can be detected.
  • the use of dynamic pressure through the targeted alignment of several air pressure sensors overcomes this problem.
  • the correct static air pressure can be determined, eg. B. by only that measured increase in air pressure, which measure all carried on the body of the person air pressure sensors, the static air pressure is assigned.
  • the air pressure exceeding the static air pressure can be assigned to the back pressure.
  • the back pressure can also be measured with a single worn on the body of the person air pressure sensor This is useful, for example, if only a certain part of the body is to protect against an impact
  • each part of the protective device may be associated with a specific body part, such as the right side of the hoof or the left side of the hoof.
  • at least one air pressure sensor is arranged on each body part to be protected, which is aligned approximately perpendicular to the surface of the body part in this direction, a dynamic pressure exceeding a predetermined limit, this is detected and activated the associated part of the protection device
  • the protection device is controlled so as to selectively protect the body part or the corresponding location on the surface of the body part from the effects of the impact.
  • the protection device is designed so that at least two different body parts (ie, surface areas of the person's body, which are on the body Depending on the evaluation of the at least one measured value, it is determined in this case which part of the body of the person is to be protected, and the protection device is selectively activated accordingly
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a person who carries a device for fall detection, and a stationary device
  • Figure 2 schematically functional units of the worn by the person
  • FIG. 4 shows the variance of the measured values shown in FIG. 3 within a tent interval of 12 seconds
  • FIG. 4 shows measured values of a person-worn air pressure sensor within a tent interval of 12 seconds
  • FIG. 5 shows the climatic change in air pressure as a function of time measured by two different air pressure sensors
  • FIG. 6 shows the detected high difference change from that shown in FIG
  • Readings Fig. 7 is a fall detection system
  • the person 1 shown in Fig. 1 carries on her hull 2 a device 4, e.g. a mobile phone or other electronic device with a radio device.
  • a device 4 e.g. a mobile phone or other electronic device with a radio device.
  • an air pressure sensor 11 e.g. of the type BMP085 of Bosch Sensortec GmbH, integrated, which is connected via a data bus 15 with a microcontroller 12.
  • the device 4 also has a display device 14, e.g. a lamp and / or an acoustic signal to signal that a fall has been detected.
  • the optical and / or acoustic signal generator 14 is connected to the microcontroller 12.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • a measured value or a preprocessing based on a plurality of measured values of the air pressure sensor 11, which is executed by the microcontroller 12, can provide a result which is transmitted via the radio module 13.
  • a stationary device (as denoted by reference numeral 8 in FIG. 1) can serve as an evaluation device which detects the fall of the person 1 using the result of the data processing.
  • the microcontroller can also be the evaluation device which detects the fall and the radio module 13 can serve to receive a reference value of the air pressure measured by a stationary air pressure measurement station 9. Measurements of the station 9 are e.g. transmitted via a line connection 10 to the device 8, which then emits them with a wireless module not shown to the radio module 13.
  • the radio interface is shown in Fig. 1 by the reference numeral 7 and a radio symbol with an arrow down.
  • the person 1 still wears a second device 6 on the leg 3 or alternatively on a foot, e.g. in the shoe.
  • This device 6 also contains a radio module for communication with the device 8 and also at least one sensor.
  • This sensor may be a second air pressure sensor whose measurements are also used for fall detection. Alternatively or additionally, the sensor may be an acceleration sensor.
  • the microcontroller 12 detects this.
  • the evaluation device If it is, it first checks whether the time course of the measured values of the air pressure sensor 1 1 suggests a fall. If this is the case, the microcontroller can use the radio module
  • the microcontroller 12 may repeatedly receive an air pressure comparison value from the stationary air pressure sensor 9 which is located at a lower level than when the person 1 stands or walks.
  • the high level of the air pressure sensor 9 is higher than the floor height level Therefore, if the air pressure sensor 11 reaches a high level below the high level of the stationary air pressure sensor 9 due to the fall, it can be detected by the microcontroller 12 and / or by the stationary device 8, for example, by the measured values of the A predefined criterion for determining a fall can therefore have the condition that the air pressure measured value of the sensor 11 must be greater by a predetermined difference than the measured value of the air pressure sensor 9
  • the sensor of the device 6 is an acceleration sensor, it is preferably not arranged on the foot, but in the upper region of the leg or the torso of the person 1.
  • the acceleration sensor may also be located in the device 4 in addition to the air pressure sensor 11 may be present and also be connected to the microcontroller 12 via the data bus 15.
  • the sensor system is worn twisted and the human reference system does not match the reference system of the sensor system.
  • this does not mean that the evaluation of the measurement values must be erroneous.
  • the acceleration sensor in particular an IMU
  • the acceleration values become measured orthogonally, ie at an acceleration of the acceleration vector in the Cartesian coordinate system by the orthogonal sensor axes x, y and z is sufficiently described If the sensor worn twisted during the fall, ie not in normal orientation (reference system of the sensor system does not correspond to the reference system of humans), so the measured acceleration vector decomposes according to the orientation of the acceleration sensor.
  • This orientation is at rest of the sensor, ie immediately before the fall, equal to the direction of the acceleration vector, which is generated by the earth gravity, and can therefore from the M If this happens continuously, it is known at any time (before a fall) how the acceleration sensor and thus the sensor system are oriented with respect to the gravitational field of the earth.
  • the vertical acceleration direction can be determined for a stationary body , so with an unknown sensor orientation, the horizontal main movement direction can only be determined as an amount
  • a suitable calculation method can be used to calculate geometric calculations (sine, cosine, tangent of the angles involved between the vectors and vector components This is particularly advantageous for real-time capability on mobile processing units According to Newton's axiom, the acceleration vector a of a body is proportional to the force vector F acting on it.
  • Fg 2 (Fx - Fx mean) 2 + (Fy - Fy mean) 2 + (Fz - Fz mean) 2
  • Fx, Fy, Fz are the components of the force vector Fg in the Cartesian coordinate system x, y, z, and the averages are time averages of the measurements over a past period of time.
  • avert [(ax-axmetalvalue) * (axmixturevalue / 1g)] + [(ay-ay mean value) * (ayM ⁇ ttelwert / 1g)] + [(az-azmethylvalue) * (az mean-value / ig)]
  • the dynamic, temporal mean value (eg, a moving average over a period of constant length extending from the time of the current measured value to the past) of the pressure values and their rise are utilized.
  • the dynamic mean value here serves for smoothing (low-pass filtering) of the signal and becomes z Calculated in the form of an exponential averaging

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif destiné à constater la chute d'une personne (1). Ce dispositif comprend un capteur de pression de l'air (dans le dispositif 4) et un dispositif d'évaluation (dans le dispositif 4 ou 8). Quand la valeur de mesure du capteur (11) de pression de l'air  satisfait à un critère prédéfini, on constate la chute de la personne (1).
PCT/EP2009/007271 2008-10-01 2009-09-30 Procédé et dispositif pour constater la chute d'une personne Ceased WO2010037564A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008049750.9 2008-10-01
DE200810049750 DE102008049750B4 (de) 2008-10-01 2008-10-01 Verfahren und Anordnung zum Feststellen eines Sturzes einer Person

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010037564A1 true WO2010037564A1 (fr) 2010-04-08

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PCT/EP2009/007271 Ceased WO2010037564A1 (fr) 2008-10-01 2009-09-30 Procédé et dispositif pour constater la chute d'une personne

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WO (1) WO2010037564A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

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WO2010126878A1 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-04 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Détection de chute
WO2010150117A1 (fr) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédés et appareil de détection d'une chute d'un utilisateur
TWI413947B (zh) * 2010-11-26 2013-11-01 Tatung Co 頭戴式跌倒偵測裝置
WO2017065617A1 (fr) * 2015-10-12 2017-04-20 Tellu As Procédé et système de détermination de différences de hauteur
CN106618973A (zh) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-10 中州大学 一种防跌倒机器人
US9664584B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2017-05-30 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Monitoring the change in height of a device using an air pressure sensor
US9835644B2 (en) 2011-08-18 2017-12-05 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Estimating velocity in a horizontal or vertical direction from acceleration measurements
US9872637B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2018-01-23 The Rehabilitation Institute Of Chicago Medical evaluation system and method using sensors in mobile devices
US11069213B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2021-07-20 Pink Nectarine Health Ab Fall detection system and method
CN115644826A (zh) * 2022-10-20 2023-01-31 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种应急救援智能手环
US12307871B2 (en) * 2023-03-28 2025-05-20 Stmicroelectronics International N.V. In-sensor fall detection

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FR3012879B1 (fr) 2013-11-07 2017-07-21 Withings Procede d'estimation de denivele parcouru par un utilisateur
DE102014002124A1 (de) 2014-02-17 2015-08-20 Thomas von Chossy Technik zum Erfassen eines Personensturzes
DE102018000163A1 (de) 2017-08-16 2019-02-21 Aux Schwalmstadt GmbH Verfahren zur Erkennung von Notsituationen bei Lebewesen
EP3537402A1 (fr) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-11 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter une chute par un utilisateur
WO2020236091A2 (fr) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-26 National Science And Technology Development Agency Procédé de détection de chutes au moyen de signaux de pression barométrique relatifs

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WO2004114245A1 (fr) * 2003-06-25 2004-12-29 Ist International Security Technology Oy Dispositif servant a indiquer une chute
US20070131279A1 (en) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-14 Parag Thakre MEMS flow sensor
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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010126878A1 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-04 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Détection de chute
US8990041B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2015-03-24 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Fall detection
WO2010150117A1 (fr) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procédés et appareil de détection d'une chute d'un utilisateur
CN102458248A (zh) * 2009-06-23 2012-05-16 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于检测用户跌倒的方法和设备
US9119567B2 (en) 2009-06-23 2015-09-01 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Methods and apparatus for detecting a fall of user
US10750977B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2020-08-25 Rehabilitation Institute Of Chicago Medical evaluation system and method using sensors in mobile devices
US9872637B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2018-01-23 The Rehabilitation Institute Of Chicago Medical evaluation system and method using sensors in mobile devices
TWI413947B (zh) * 2010-11-26 2013-11-01 Tatung Co 頭戴式跌倒偵測裝置
US9835644B2 (en) 2011-08-18 2017-12-05 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Estimating velocity in a horizontal or vertical direction from acceleration measurements
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