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WO2010032260A1 - Bioréacteur à paniers superposés pour fermentation à l'état solide - Google Patents

Bioréacteur à paniers superposés pour fermentation à l'état solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010032260A1
WO2010032260A1 PCT/IN2009/000441 IN2009000441W WO2010032260A1 WO 2010032260 A1 WO2010032260 A1 WO 2010032260A1 IN 2009000441 W IN2009000441 W IN 2009000441W WO 2010032260 A1 WO2010032260 A1 WO 2010032260A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bioreactor
baskets
stacked
air
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IN2009/000441
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2010032260A4 (fr
Inventor
Sameer Sudhir Kulkarni
Sudhir Narayan Kulkarni
Eruch Pesi Gorwalla
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2010032260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010032260A1/fr
Publication of WO2010032260A4 publication Critical patent/WO2010032260A4/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/44—Multiple separable units; Modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/18—Flow directing inserts
    • C12M27/22—Perforated plates, discs or walls

Definitions

  • Solid-state fermentation involves the growth of microorganisms on moist solid substrates in the absence of free water.
  • the absence of free water makes the system quite different from submerged liquid fermentations and makes SSF superior for the production of some products.
  • the commercially successful large scale SSF processes are for the production of soy sauce koji and other traditional fermented foods, citric and gluconic acids, and fungal enzymes such as cellulases, amylases, Upases, and pectinases (1,2).
  • fungal spores have been produced by SSF for use in steroid transformations and as inocula for production of blue-vein cheeses.
  • Bacteria, yeasts and fungi can grow on solid substrates, and find application in SSF processes. Filamentous fungi are the best adapted for SSF and dominate in research works owing to their physiological, enzymological and biochemical properties. The hyphal mode of fungal growth and their good tolerance to low water activity (a w ) and high osmotic pressure conditions make fungi efficient and competitive in natural microflora for bioconversion of solid substrates.
  • SmF Unlike SSF, SmF require stringent Aseptic conditions. This is due to the fact that other competing Microorganisms have a fairly high chance of growth in Liquid Medium and so risk of contamination is higher in SmF.
  • SSF bioreactors may be of static (fixed-bed) or agitated (stirred) design. Tray and packed bioreactors are most commonly used among the former, whereas rotating drums, periodically agitated tanks, and rocking and fluidized-bed bioreactors are examples of the latter. Most SSF bioreactors operate in batch form, although water and nutrients are added periodically in many systems.
  • a set of trays are covered with a thin layer of solid substrate.
  • Trays are kept inside a chamber, normally under controlled environment.
  • the solid bed is agitated gently, either manually or automatically, using simple mechanical devices.
  • Rotating Drums are included in rotating drums used as bioreactors.
  • Features of rotating drums used as bioreactors include the following:
  • a partially inclined cylinder is filled with substrate up to a predefined level.
  • Aeration is occasionally provided by means of tubes placed in the free space of the cylinder or in its shaft.
  • Rotation is controlled to avoid damaging the microorganisms or causing substrate agglomeration or particle breakup.
  • the control of temperature in this type of bioreactor is very difficult and becomes more difficult when increasing the scale of the reactor.
  • Fluidized-Bed Bioreactors This bioreactor is a vertical cylinder inside which the solid substrate rests on a perforated plate. Air forced through the plate at high flow rates suspends the solid in the air, causing the solid-air mixture to behave like a fluid. The necessary air for keeping the fluidized bed up is conducted in a circulation. The air must be kept with an exactly calculated moisture content. This procedure requires a lot of energy for keeping the fluidized bed up.
  • Packed-Bed Bioreactors are normally cylindrical tanks, filled with a solid substrate suspended on a perforated surface through which air is forced axially through the bed.
  • the inlet air conditions (temperature, humidity, and flow rate) are generally regulated.
  • cooling fluid is forced through double walls, coils, or plates (Zymotis Bioreactor) immersed in the solid bed to overcome the difficulty of removing metabolic heat.
  • the main advantage of this construction is large quantities of substrate can be processed without significant investment in capital cost.
  • Stirred Bioreactors are probably the type of SSF bioreactor most widely used at the industrial scale. Here the solid bed is agitated by screws, palettes, or other mechanical devices. Agitation is intermittent and is varied during the process. These bioreactors may be either vertical or horizontal. Problems for the use of large amounts of substrate are inevitable for this type of reactor, as these amounts can no longer be moved evenly without causing destructions in the structure of the substrates.
  • the primary task of the present invention was to develop a SSF Bioreactor because the Packed Bed Bioreactor is most suitable for a large number of Industrial applications.
  • the SSF Bioreactor abolishes the major disadvantages of the Packed Bed Bioreactor, which are highlighted as below.
  • Channeling is a potential problem in packed beds. Channeling is problematic because air will flow preferentially through the cracks, such that in the regions of the bed where the particles are bound together, there will be no bulk flow, such that Oxygen transfer will be limited to diffusion and heat transfer will be limited to conduction.
  • Fig. 1 schematic drawing of the Baskets.
  • the Bioreactor consists of plurality of Baskets as shown in Fig. 1.
  • Each Basket consists of a Circular Base 1, cylindrical outer pipe or wall 2 and a cylindrical Inner Pipe or Wall 3.
  • the Inner wall, the outer wall and the base are perforated with plurality of holes or perforations 4.
  • the cylindrical walls could be constructed from Wire screen, Knitted wire mesh, Filter screen or porous filter material.
  • the Baskets may be rectangular, oval or prismatic in shape.
  • the Pellets of Solid substrate 5 are placed or packed uniformly between the Inner Cylindrical Wall 3 and the Outer Cylindrical Wall 2.
  • the Pellets of Solid substrate 5 for Solid substrate fermentation could be Pellets of cassava, or rice bran or wheat bran etc.
  • the Pallets are essentially spherical in shape. However the Pallets may be formed of any other geometrical shape which provides for higher viable surface area for cultivation of microorganisms.
  • the porosity of the Pallets could also be increased, by lowering the Bulk Density of the pallets, which could provide higher surface area viable for the cultivation of microorganisms.
  • the flow of Nutrient Medium or Air is from the Inner Pipe 3, passes through holes 4 into the solid bed of pallets 5 and exits from the outer pipe 2 horizontally.
  • the flow of Nutrient Medium is from the outer Pipe 2, passing through the solid bed of pellets 5 and exit from the inner pipe 3 horizontally.
  • the flow so induced within each basket is Radial flow.
  • the content of the basket, which is located at the top, is tightly covered with lid 6.
  • the Inner Pipe 3, of the Top Basket is also sealed with circular plate 7.
  • the plurality of baskets Fig. 1, which are filled with the Pellets of Solid substrate 5, are stacked one above the other as shown in Fig. 2 and the rubber gasket 8 prevents the fluids or the nutrient medium or Air to bypass the bed.
  • the stacking of baskets Fig. 2, filled with solid pallets 5, also prevents the pallets located at the bottom of each basket from getting crushed. This is because the hydrostatic vertical force experienced by the pallets located at the bottom of the basket is limited to the vertical height of each basket rather than the overall vertical height of the stacked assembly. At the same time it is easier to load each individual basket, evenly with the requisite quantity Pallets of Solid substrate 5.
  • the porosity of the Bed is evenly maintained so that there is no channeling through the Bed.
  • the number and the diameter of holes 4 in each Basket is varied from the lowermost Basket to the topmost Basket. They increase from the Bottom to the top.
  • Those skilled in the art will realize that for taller Bioreactors there is a decrease in the Pressure of the fluid Medium as it travels upward through the Central supply Pipe due to friction. This results in uneven fluid distribution through each Basket.
  • Those skilled in art will understand that such misdistributions can be prevented by varying the Area required for the Fluid to pass through it that is by varying the Diameter and the Number of Holes 4 in the Inner Pipe of each basket.
  • the Baskets are stacked one above the other Fig. 2, by inserting these individually inside the Bioreactor assembly Fig. 2.
  • the Bioreactor shell consists of the Outer wall or Shell 10, the top cover Hd 14 and the bottom Base 13.
  • the stacked assembly of baskets rests on the Base 13.
  • These baskets are held firmly by the Bolting Device 9, fixed to the Shell 10, which firmly holds the stacked basket assembly during the process operation.
  • the length of the Bolts, through the bolting device 9 may be varied, in order to accommodate requisite number of baskets which are stacked one above the other.
  • the Bolting device also serves to maintain a positive seal in between the Baskets by tightly compressing the Rubber Gasket 9 in between two succeeding baskets.
  • the Bioreactor Base 13 is secured to the Shell 10 with Flange 12.
  • This Base consists of a Central Supply Pipe 11. Nutrient Medium, Air or Extraction fluid is fed through ports 20 & 21 which are mounted on this Central Supply pipe as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the Inner pipe 3 of each Basket is concentric to the Outer Cylindrical Wall.
  • the Baskets, which are stacked one above the other, are all concentric to the Central Supply Pipe 11.
  • the Central Supply Pipe 11 In nutshell the Central Supply Pipe 11, the Inner pipe 3 and Outer pipe 4 of each individual stacked Basket and the Bioreactor shell 10 are all concentric.
  • the Bioreactor is tightly closed with Lid 14, thus isolating the contents of the Bioreactor from the Outer environment. This results in Aseptic environment to prevail inside the Bioreactor, during the Cultivation of Microorganisms on the Pellets of Solid substrate 5.
  • the Lid 14 also mounts various ports via 17, 18 & 19 for supply of Nutrient & Inoculum or for recovery of the extraction fluid and Air.
  • a circular ring 15 with plurality of Spray Nozzles 16, constructed from a hollow Pipe is mounted inside the Lid 14 and placed concentric to the Bioreactor shell 10. Inoculum, which is pumped through port 17, passes through this ring 15 into the annular region between the Bioreactor Shell 10 and the Outer cylindrical pipe 2 of the stacked baskets. This arrangement is so provided to uniformly distribute all the Liquid in this annular region, so that the Liquid penetrates through all the Baskets containing pellets of Solid substrate 5, at an equivalent rate.
  • Port 20 is used for sending air/steam inside the Bioreactor and port 19 is used for recovering the air after it has traveled through the Bed. In another referred embodiment vacuum may also be applied at port 20. Port 21 is used for pumping the extraction fluid or any other liquid medium inside the Bioreactor. The spent extraction fluid is recovered from port 18. In another preferred embodiment this extraction may be recovered from pluralities of port 22.
  • the individual empty baskets may be washed and sterilized, in other Equipments like
  • the baskets are then loaded with the requisite quantity of Pellets of Solid substrate 5.
  • each basket is stacked one above the other inside the Bioreactor by inserting each Basket individually inside the Bioreactor.
  • all these baskets could be stacked outside the
  • Bioreactor and the entire assembly of stacked baskets may be loaded inside the
  • the Bioreactor if first vacated of the air inside by applying
  • Inoculation Under strict aseptic conditions, Inoculum is pumped inside the Bioreactor through port 17, in order to cultivate the bacteria or the Fungus.
  • the inoculum which is used for the inoculation of the Fermenter, consists of, but not limited to, a highly concentrated suspension of small germinable units (preferably of spores, conidiospores or bacterial germs) of the microorganisms to be cultivated.
  • the Baskets are completely submerged inside the Liquid Inoculum. The Inoculum is allowed to stay in the Bioreactor for a specific period, so that the solid substrate pellets 5 adsorb the Inoculum.
  • the Bioreactor could be operated in fed-batch mode i.e intermittently supplying Nutrient Medium to the growing Fungus.
  • the Extraction fluid is then passed through the Bioreactor through port 21 in order to pull out the released Products.
  • the spent Extraction fluid is retrieved from port 18.
  • the extraction fluid may be sent intermittently during the process of cultivation to recover the products of fermentation.
  • a sterilizing medium which could be either Steam or Sterilizing gas like Ethylene
  • Oxide or Formaldehyde is passed inside the Bed to kill the cells.
  • the baskets are removed one by one, starting from the topmost by opening the Lid. Once all the baskets are removed outside the Bioreactor, the residual pellets may be disposed and the baskets may be washed and reused for another fermentation operation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un bioréacteur à paniers superposés pour fermentation à l'état solide qui comprend deux ou plusieurs paniers perforés qui sont superposés et comprennent une plaque de base circulaire (1) munie d'une paroi concentrique interne et externe (2), des granules de substrat solide (5) empilés dans chaque panier, une chemise (10), un couvercle (14) avec plusieurs orifices (17, 18, 19) et un tuyau d'alimentation central (11 ).
PCT/IN2009/000441 2008-08-05 2009-08-05 Bioréacteur à paniers superposés pour fermentation à l'état solide Ceased WO2010032260A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1662MU2008 2008-08-05
IN1662/MUM/2008 2008-08-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010032260A1 true WO2010032260A1 (fr) 2010-03-25
WO2010032260A4 WO2010032260A4 (fr) 2010-05-14

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2400651R1 (es) * 2011-09-28 2013-10-15 Univ Salamanca Reactor de compostaje a escala piloto, sistema que comprende al menos un reactor de compostaje a escala piloto y procedimiento de optimizacion del proceso de compostaje
WO2014032798A1 (fr) * 2012-08-28 2014-03-06 Roth Yoen Ok Dispositif et procédé pour la fermentation de cultures microbiennes
WO2013184800A3 (fr) * 2012-06-06 2014-04-17 Novozymes Bioag A/S Bioréacteur à semi-conducteur approprié pour l'automatisation
CN104004623A (zh) * 2014-06-09 2014-08-27 泰安生力源生物工程有限公司 一种固态发酵基质的传质传热改良方法
CN105154318A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-16 上海理工大学 组合式液态发酵浅槽组件及其发酵装置
CN107787354A (zh) * 2015-05-08 2018-03-09 小休斯顿·E·希尔 清洁煤技术微生物洗涤
WO2019122239A1 (fr) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Univercells S.A. Bioréacteur et procédés associés.
US11198840B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2021-12-14 Nanjing Recongene Biomedical Technologies, Inc. Assembled bioreactor chamber suitable for perfusion culture
US11272726B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2022-03-15 The Fynder Group, Inc. Food materials comprising filamentous fungal particles and membrane bioreactor design
US11297866B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2022-04-12 The Fynder Group, Inc. Bioreactor system for the cultivation of filamentous fungal biomass
US20220144677A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2022-05-12 Bio Clean Environmental Services, Inc. Horizontal flow biofilter system and method of use thereof
US11414815B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2022-08-16 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
US11505779B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2022-11-22 The Fynder Group, Inc. Filamentous fungal biomats, methods of their production and methods of their use
US11612831B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2023-03-28 Uhde High Pressure Technologies Gmbh Device and method for the high-pressure treatment of bulk material by extraction and/or impregnation and use
KR20230046259A (ko) * 2021-09-29 2023-04-05 한국에너지공과대학교 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트의 제조방법, 이를 이용하여 제조된 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 및 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 제조용 건식 발효조
WO2023080894A1 (fr) * 2021-11-04 2023-05-11 Upside Foods, Inc. Appareil à substrat multicouche pour les cultivateurs de viande à base de cellules

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19920020A1 (de) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-04 Prophyta Biolog Pflanzenschutz Solid-State-Fermenter und Verfahren zur Solid-State-Fermentation
WO2000029544A1 (fr) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-25 Biocon India Limited Fermentation en milieu solide
DE10203863A1 (de) * 2002-01-28 2003-08-07 Vti Thueringer Verfahrenstechn Feststoffbioreaktor und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19920020A1 (de) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-04 Prophyta Biolog Pflanzenschutz Solid-State-Fermenter und Verfahren zur Solid-State-Fermentation
WO2000029544A1 (fr) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-25 Biocon India Limited Fermentation en milieu solide
DE10203863A1 (de) * 2002-01-28 2003-08-07 Vti Thueringer Verfahrenstechn Feststoffbioreaktor und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220144677A1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2022-05-12 Bio Clean Environmental Services, Inc. Horizontal flow biofilter system and method of use thereof
US12281035B2 (en) * 2011-08-22 2025-04-22 Bio Clean Environmental Services, Llc Horizontal flow biofilter system and method of use thereof
ES2400651R1 (es) * 2011-09-28 2013-10-15 Univ Salamanca Reactor de compostaje a escala piloto, sistema que comprende al menos un reactor de compostaje a escala piloto y procedimiento de optimizacion del proceso de compostaje
WO2013184800A3 (fr) * 2012-06-06 2014-04-17 Novozymes Bioag A/S Bioréacteur à semi-conducteur approprié pour l'automatisation
RU2603754C2 (ru) * 2012-06-06 2016-11-27 Новозимс Биоаг А/С Промышленный твердофазный биореактор, промышленная твердофазная биореакторная система.
WO2014032798A1 (fr) * 2012-08-28 2014-03-06 Roth Yoen Ok Dispositif et procédé pour la fermentation de cultures microbiennes
CN104004623A (zh) * 2014-06-09 2014-08-27 泰安生力源生物工程有限公司 一种固态发酵基质的传质传热改良方法
CN107787354A (zh) * 2015-05-08 2018-03-09 小休斯顿·E·希尔 清洁煤技术微生物洗涤
CN105154318A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-16 上海理工大学 组合式液态发酵浅槽组件及其发酵装置
US11198840B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2021-12-14 Nanjing Recongene Biomedical Technologies, Inc. Assembled bioreactor chamber suitable for perfusion culture
US11505779B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2022-11-22 The Fynder Group, Inc. Filamentous fungal biomats, methods of their production and methods of their use
US12157880B2 (en) 2016-03-01 2024-12-03 The Fynder Group, Inc. Filamentous fungal biomats, methods of their production and methods of their use
US11297866B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2022-04-12 The Fynder Group, Inc. Bioreactor system for the cultivation of filamentous fungal biomass
US11464251B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2022-10-11 The Fynder Group, Inc. Edible foodstuffs and bio reactor design
WO2019122239A1 (fr) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Univercells S.A. Bioréacteur et procédés associés.
KR102887126B1 (ko) 2017-12-20 2025-11-18 유니버셀스 테크놀로지스 에스.에이. 생물반응기 및 관련 방법
US12435304B2 (en) 2017-12-20 2025-10-07 Univercells Technologies S.A. Bioreactor and related methods
CN111801410A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-10-20 尤尼沃尔塞尔斯技术股份公司 生物反应器及相关方法
US12415978B2 (en) 2017-12-20 2025-09-16 Univercells Technologies S.A. Bioreactor and related methods
US11980832B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2024-05-14 Uhde High Pressure Technologies Gmbh Device and method for the continuous high-pressure treatment of bulk material and use thereof
US11612831B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2023-03-28 Uhde High Pressure Technologies Gmbh Device and method for the high-pressure treatment of bulk material by extraction and/or impregnation and use
US12145080B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2024-11-19 Uhde High Pressure Technologies Gmbh Device and method for the continuous high-pressure treatment of bulk material and use thereof
US12415983B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2025-09-16 The Fynder Group, Inc. Food materials comprising filamentous fungal particles and membrane bioreactor design
US11478007B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2022-10-25 The Fynder Group, Inc. Food materials comprising filamentous fungal particles and membrane bioreactor design
US11432575B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2022-09-06 The Fynder Group, Inc. Food materials comprising filamentous fungal particles and membrane bioreactor design
US11272726B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2022-03-15 The Fynder Group, Inc. Food materials comprising filamentous fungal particles and membrane bioreactor design
US11447913B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2022-09-20 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
US11718954B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2023-08-08 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
US11649586B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2023-05-16 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
US11427957B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2022-08-30 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
US11414815B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2022-08-16 The Fynder Group, Inc. Fungal textile materials and leather analogs
KR102548122B1 (ko) 2021-09-29 2023-06-28 한국에너지공과대학교 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트의 제조방법, 이를 이용하여 제조된 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 및 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 제조용 건식 발효조
KR20230046259A (ko) * 2021-09-29 2023-04-05 한국에너지공과대학교 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트의 제조방법, 이를 이용하여 제조된 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 및 폴리하이드록시 알카노에이트 제조용 건식 발효조
US11959054B2 (en) 2021-11-04 2024-04-16 Upside Foods, Inc. Substrate apparatus with multi-layer substrate for cell-based meat cultivators
WO2023080894A1 (fr) * 2021-11-04 2023-05-11 Upside Foods, Inc. Appareil à substrat multicouche pour les cultivateurs de viande à base de cellules

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