WO2010027232A2 - 페이스트 및 이를 이용한 태양전지의 제조방법 - Google Patents
페이스트 및 이를 이용한 태양전지의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010027232A2 WO2010027232A2 PCT/KR2009/005058 KR2009005058W WO2010027232A2 WO 2010027232 A2 WO2010027232 A2 WO 2010027232A2 KR 2009005058 W KR2009005058 W KR 2009005058W WO 2010027232 A2 WO2010027232 A2 WO 2010027232A2
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- inorganic powder
- solar cell
- emitter layer
- paste
- mask pattern
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F71/121—The active layers comprising only Group IV materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
- H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
- H10F10/14—Photovoltaic cells having only PN homojunction potential barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/20—Electrodes
- H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a paste and a method of manufacturing a solar cell using the same, and more particularly, to an etching mask pattern forming paste capable of forming a stable emitter layer more stably, and a method of manufacturing a solar cell using the same.
- Solar cells include solar cells that generate steam for rotating turbines using solar heat, and solar cells that convert photons into electrical energy using the properties of semiconductors. Refers to photovoltaic cells (hereinafter referred to as "solar cells").
- Solar cells are largely classified into silicon solar cells, compound semiconductor solar cells, and tandem solar cells according to raw materials. Of these three types of solar cells, silicon solar cells are the mainstream in the solar cell market.
- a silicon solar cell includes a substrate 101 made of a p-type silicon semiconductor and an emitter layer 102 made of an n-type silicon semiconductor, and a diode is provided at an interface between the substrate 101 and the emitter layer 102. Similarly, pn junctions are formed.
- Electrons and holes generated in the photovoltaic effect are attracted to the n-type silicon semiconductor and the p-type silicon semiconductor, respectively, and move to the electrodes 103 and 104 bonded to the lower portion of the substrate 101 and the upper portion of the emitter layer 102, respectively.
- the electrodes 103 and 104 are connected by wires, current flows.
- the output characteristics of the solar cell are evaluated by measuring the output current-voltage curve of the solar cell.
- the maximum output Pm is defined as the point where the product Ip ⁇ Vp of the output current Ip and the output voltage Vp becomes maximum on the output current-voltage curve, and the total light energy incident on the solar cell (S ⁇ I: S is The element area, I, is defined as the conversion efficiency ⁇ divided by the intensity of light irradiated to the solar cell.
- output current increase the fill factor, which represents the square of the voltage curve. The closer the fidelity value is to 1, the closer the output current-voltage curve is to the ideal square and the higher the conversion efficiency ⁇ .
- the open voltage behavior is closely related to the doping concentration of the n-type impurity when the emitter layer is formed by diffusing the n-type impurity on the surface of the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate.
- the doping profile of the n-type impurity has the highest surface of the emitter layer and decreases according to the Gaussian distribution or the error function as it enters the inside of the emitter layer.
- the top layer portion of the emitter layer causes the concentration of the doped n-type impurity to increase beyond the solid solubility in the silicon semiconductor.
- the dead layer has a thickness of about 50 ⁇ 200 nm.
- the emitter layer is formed by a diffusion process subject to excessive doping of impurities and then adversely affects the performance of the solar cell by wet etching using a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid or CF 4 plasma etching. Emitter etch-back processes have been proposed to remove layers.
- the mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid or CF 4 plasma has disadvantages in that the etching selectivity of the region doped with the n-type impurity is not excellent and the etching speed is high. Therefore, the conventional emitter etch-back process has a limitation of poor process reproducibility and stability in selectively removing only the surface of the emitter layer which is heavily doped with n-type impurities.
- the over-etching is performed not only in the region doped with the n-type impurity but also in the region in which the n-type impurity is appropriately doped.
- the contact characteristics of the front electrode connected to the emitter layer are deteriorated due to the low impurity concentration on the surface of the emitter layer.
- the contact resistance between the front electrode and the emitter layer is increased, the fidelity of the solar cell is reduced, the decrease in fidelity acts as a factor to lower the conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- the front electrode is formed by forming a mask pattern exposing only the point where the front electrode is to be formed and further diffusing n-type impurities on the surface of the emitter layer exposed by the mask pattern. It is a process of forming an emitter layer doped with a high concentration of n-type impurities only at the point to be formed.
- the selective emitter process requires the addition of a photolithography process and an additional impurity diffusion process for forming a mask pattern, there is a limitation in that the manufacturing process of the solar cell is complicated and the solar cell manufacturing cost increases.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to achieve an increase in reliability and simplification of the process of forming a selective emitter layer for improving the efficiency of the solar cell, and to reduce the manufacturing cost of the solar cell
- the purpose is to provide a manufacturing method.
- the etching mask pattern forming paste of the present invention for solving the above problems includes an inorganic powder, an organic solvent and a binder, the inorganic powder is characterized in that the tap density is 0.01 ⁇ 20 g / cm 3 .
- the paste for forming an etching mask pattern of the present invention is characterized by having a uniform particle shape, which is expressed by a specific tap density value of the inorganic powder. Since the uniform particle inorganic powder has a relatively low value of the porosity between particles, the etching mask pattern formed of the paste of the present invention improves the resistance to the etchant to help the stable formation of the emitter.
- the inorganic powder of the present invention may include a metal or metal oxide powder, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the metal or metal oxide powder according to the present invention may be a glass frit type powder, a non-glass frit type powder, or a mixture thereof.
- the "glass frit” metal or metal oxide powder refers to a powder obtained by melting and cooling a metal or metal oxide, or a mixture of two or more thereof, and then grinding it.
- non-glass frit metal or metal oxide powder refers to the metal or metal oxide powder itself which has not been subjected to the above glass frit manufacturing process.
- the inorganic powder may be used alone or in combination of two or more of Si, Ti, ITO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , PbO, etc., the average particle diameter is 1nm ⁇ It may be 10um (micrometer), preferably 10nm ⁇ 5um (micrometer).
- the inorganic powder particles of the present invention may be coated with organic compounds such as silane compounds, silicone oils or fatty acids in the manufacturing process.
- the manufacturing method of the solar cell of the present invention for solving the above problems, (a) preparing a silicon semiconductor substrate doped with impurities of the first conductivity type; (b) forming an emitter layer on the substrate by doping an impurity of a second conductivity type having a polarity opposite to that of the first conductivity type over the substrate; (c) forming an etch mask pattern with a paste including inorganic powder, an organic solvent, and a binder having a tap density of 0.01 to 20 g / cm 3 at a front electrode connection point on the emitter layer; (d) etching back the emitter layer using the etching mask pattern as a mask; (e) removing the etching mask pattern remaining after the etch-back; (f) forming an anti-reflection film on the entire surface of the substrate; (g) connecting the front electrode to the front electrode formation point by penetrating the antireflection film; And (h) connecting a rear electrode to a rear surface of the substrate.
- the paste of the present invention described above in the method of manufacturing a solar cell of the present invention may be used for selective emitter formation through screen printing.
- the impurity of the first conductivity type is a p-type impurity
- the impurity of the second conductivity type is an n-type impurity
- the emitter layer using a selective wet etchant in which HNO 3 , HF, CH 3 COOH and H 2 O are mixed in a volume ratio of 10: 0.1 to 0.01: 1 to 3: 5 to 10.
- Etch-back step the etching rate of the emitter layer with respect to the high concentration impurity doped region is 0.08 to 0.12, and the etching rate of the emitter layer with respect to the low concentration impurity doping region is 0.01 to 0.03.
- step (d) may be a step of etch-backing the emitter layer using a basic wet etchant such as KOH or a dry etchant such as CF 4 plasma.
- a basic wet etchant such as KOH
- a dry etchant such as CF 4 plasma.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a silicon solar cell according to the prior art.
- 2 to 7 are process cross-sectional views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a silicon solar cell using a screen printing method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the concentration of the doped n-type impurity while going from the surface of the emitter layer to the substrate after the diffusion process of the n-type impurity is completed.
- FIG 9 is a graph showing the results of measuring the desorption start time of the etching mask pattern formed of the paste prepared according to Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- antireflection film 205 front electrode
- FIGS. 2 to 7 are cross-sectional views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a silicon solar cell using a screen printing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- a substrate 201 made of a silicon semiconductor doped with an impurity of the first conductivity type is prepared and loaded into a diffusion furnace.
- the substrate 201 is a single crystal, polycrystalline or amorphous silicon semiconductor, and is doped with p-type impurities such as B, Ga, and In, which are Group 3 elements.
- an n-type impurity source such as P, As, Sb, etc., which is a Group 5 element, is injected into the diffusion furnace together with oxygen gas to cause a thermal oxidation reaction to uniformly fix an oxide film containing n-type impurity on the upper surface of the substrate 201. Form to thickness.
- the temperature of the diffusion furnace is raised to 800 to 900 ° C. to drive-in the n-type impurity contained in the oxide film to the upper surface of the substrate 201.
- the diffusion time is maintained for 30 to 60 minutes so that a sufficient amount of n-type impurities can be diffused to the substrate 201.
- the n-type impurity contained in the oxide film is diffused to the inside through the surface of the substrate 201, thereby forming an emitter layer 202 made of an n-type silicon semiconductor layer with a predetermined thickness on the substrate 201.
- the concentration of the n-type impurity injected into the emitter layer 202 through the above-described n-type impurity diffusion process is the highest on the surface of the emitter layer 202 and enters the interior of the emitter layer 202 as a Gaussian distribution or error function. Accordingly.
- a dead layer doped with n-type impurities at a concentration higher than the solid solubility exists in the uppermost part of the emitter layer 202.
- the horizontal axis is the depth of the point where the concentration of the n-type impurity is measured with respect to the surface of the emitter layer 202
- the vertical axis is the n-type impurity concentration of the measurement point.
- the concentration of the n-type impurity near the surface of the emitter layer 202 is highest and the concentration of the n-type impurity decreases toward the substrate 201, particularly near the surface (dotted box portion). It can be seen that there is a dead layer doped with n-type impurities above the solid solubility at.
- the concentration of the n-type impurity contained in the dead layer depends on the type of the n-type impurity. When the n-type impurity is phosphorus (P), it is 10 20 atom / cm 3 or more.
- the emitter layer forming process disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is just one example. Therefore, it is apparent that the above-described process of forming the emitter layer 202 may be replaced by various known processes known in the art.
- the front electrode on the emitter layer 202 doped with n-type impurities using screen printing (see 205 in FIG. 7).
- An etching mask pattern 203 is formed at the connection point.
- a printing mask (not shown) is disposed on the emitter layer 202.
- the printing mask is provided with an opening pattern at a forming point of the etching mask pattern 203.
- the opening pattern is filled by squeezing the paste for the etching mask pattern 203 into the opening pattern while moving the screen printer in a predetermined direction.
- an etching mask pattern 203 is formed on the emitter layer 202.
- the present invention is not limited to the above specific method for screen printing of the etching mask pattern 203.
- a paste including an inorganic powder, an organic solvent, and a binder resin may be used as the paste for the etching mask pattern 203, and the paste for forming an etching mask pattern of the present invention may have a tap density of 0.01. It is characterized in that the ⁇ 20 g / cm 3 .
- the paste of the present invention has a high resistance to etchant using inorganic powder having a uniform particle shape, and as a result can have a relatively long desorption start time, the emitter can be formed stably.
- the uniformity of the powder particles is expressed by the above specific tap density value.
- the tap density of the inorganic powder used for the paste of this invention is 0.01-20 g / cm ⁇ 3> .
- the tap density is 0.01 g / back cm less than 3 if the inorganic powder is the printability of the very hard paste is mixed uniformly lowered in the paste shows the etching falling phenomenon, 20 g / cm greater than 3 of the inorganic powder in the entire paste The volume becomes small and the function as an etching mask is reduced.
- the inorganic powder according to the present invention preferably comprises a metal or metal oxide powder, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the inorganic powder according to the present invention may be glass frit type or non-glass frit type, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- non-glass frit type inorganic powders preference is given to using non-glass frit type inorganic powders.
- glass frit-type inorganic powders prepared by heat-treating and melting metal or metal oxide, followed by cooling and then grinding, are required to undergo an additional grinding process, so that fine particles are not prepared more easily than non-glass frit-type powders.
- the uniformity of the particulate form of the powder may be somewhat lowered.
- the non-glass frit type metal powder or metal oxide powder may be formed with fine powder simultaneously with the preparation of the powder without undergoing an additional grinding process, and the granularity is uniform and the porosity is relatively low.
- the inorganic powder included in the etching mask pattern 203 forming paste of the present invention may be a metal or metal oxide such as Si, Ti, ITO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , PbO, alone or two or more. It can be used in combination, but is not limited thereto.
- the average diameter of the metal or metal oxide particles according to the present invention may be 1nm to 10um (micrometer), preferably 10nm to 5um (micrometer), more preferably 20nm to 3um (micrometer). The smaller the average diameter, the slower the start time of desorption.
- the inorganic powder according to the present invention is a non-glass frit, it is possible to prepare microparticles on the order of several nanometers to several tens of nanometers.
- the inorganic powder may vary in amount added to obtain the desired effect of the present invention according to the apparent specific gravity.
- the inorganic powder may be added in an amount of 0.1 to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the paste.
- the paste of the present invention includes a binder to maintain a constant pattern and enhance printability, and the binder may include an organic solvent and a binder resin.
- the binder resin may include ethyl cellulose, acrylate-based resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, polystyrene, polypropylene, and the like, and the molecular weight (Mw) is preferably in the range of 5,000 to 1,000,000. .
- an organic solvent is used to uniformly dissolve and / or disperse each component of the paste.
- the organic solvents are alcohol solvents such as terpineol, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, and texanol, alone or two or more. It may be used in combination, but is not limited thereto.
- the content of the binder may be 20 ⁇ 99.9% by weight relative to the total weight of the paste, depending on the content of the inorganic powder, wherein the content of the binder resin is appropriately according to various conditions It may be adopted, for example, 5 to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the binder, but is not limited thereto. If the binder resin is less than 5% by weight, the viscosity of the paste becomes too low and the flowability is excessive. If the binder resin is more than 50% by weight, the viscosity of the paste itself becomes large even if the resin is not completely dissolved or dissolved in the solvent depending on the molecular weight of the resin. There may be a problem of not having.
- the metal or metal oxide particles may be coated with an organic silane compound having a hydrophobic group, a silicone oil or a fatty acid, or a similar organic compound in order to extend the desorption time of the mask pattern.
- dispersants such as fatty acids, benzotriazoles, and hydroquinones may be further included in the preparation of the particles, and these dispersants may be various types in consideration of stability with the binder used. Can be used.
- the additive may be further used in the art such as a wetting agent, a thixotropic agent, a thickener, and the like.
- the etch mask pattern 203 After forming the etch mask pattern 203, as shown in FIG. 4, by using the etch mask pattern 203 formed on the emitter layer 202 as a mask to etch-back the emitter layer 202 by selective etching Formation of the foundation layer 202 '.
- the etch-back process of the emitter layer 202 only the uppermost layer of the emitter layer 202 without the etch mask pattern 203 is etched to a constant depth. Therefore, the emitter layer 202 doped with a high concentration of impurities may be selectively removed only at the portion where sunlight is incident.
- the selective emitter layer 202 ' is heavily doped with n-type impurities only at the point where the front electrode 205 is connected.
- the ohmic contact may be realized by improving the contact characteristic of the front electrode 205.
- the region doped with n-type impurities is removed from the surface of the emitter layer to which sunlight is incident, the efficiency of the solar cell may be prevented due to the reduction of the life time of the carrier.
- both a wet etchant and a dry etchant may be used.
- a selective wet etchant it is preferable to use.
- the emitter layer 202 may be formed using a selective wet etchant in which HNO 3 , HF, CH 3 COOH, and H 2 O are mixed at a volume ratio of 10: 0.1 to 0.01: 1 to 3: 5 to 10.
- Etch-back The selective wet etchant exhibits a high etching rate as the concentration of impurities injected into the emitter layer 202 increases.
- the selective wet etchant has an etching rate of 0.08 to 0.12 um / sec (micrometer / sec) for a region heavily doped with impurities, and 0.01 to 0.03 um / sec (micrometer / sec) for a region heavily doped with impurities. sec). Therefore, when the etch-back process is performed by the selective wet etchant, the top layer of the emitter layer 202 doped with a high concentration of n-type impurities is selectively removed at an early stage of the etching process to ensure stability and reproducibility of the etch-back process. Can be secured.
- the etching rate of the selective wet etchant may have some variation due to the volume ratio of the etchant composition and the type and concentration of the diffused impurities.
- a basic wet etchant such as KOH or a dry etchant such as CF 4 plasma may be used in the etch-back process of emitter layer 202, having ordinary skill in the art.
- an antireflection film 204 is formed on the selective emitter layer 202 ′.
- the anti-reflection film 204 is any one single film or two or more materials selected from the group consisting of a silicon nitride film, a silicon nitride film including hydrogen, a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, MgF 2 , ZnS, MgF 2 , TiO 2, and CeO 2 .
- the films are formed to have a combined multilayer structure.
- the antireflection film 204 is formed by vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition, spin coating, screen printing or spray coating. However, the present invention is not limited by the structure and the formation method of the antireflection film 204.
- the upper electrode 205 and the lower electrode 206 are connected to the upper part of the selective emitter layer 202 ′ and the lower part of the substrate 201, respectively. Let's do it.
- the front electrode 205 and the back electrode 206 may be manufactured by various known techniques, but may be preferably formed by screen printing. That is, the upper electrode 205 is formed by screen-printing a front electrode paste containing silver (Ag), glass frit, and a binder added to the front electrode formation point of the selective emitter layer 202 ′ and performing heat treatment. . When the heat treatment is performed, the front electrode 205 penetrates through the anti-reflection film 204 and is connected to the selective emitter layer 202 'by a punch through phenomenon.
- the back electrode 206 is formed by printing the back electrode paste to which aluminum, quartz silica, binder, etc. are added to the bottom of the substrate 201, and then performing heat treatment.
- aluminum, an electrode constituent material is diffused through the lower portion of the substrate 201 to form a back surface field (not shown) layer on the interface between the back electrode 206 and the substrate 201. have.
- the carrier may be prevented from moving to the bottom of the substrate 201 to be recombined. When recombination of the carrier is prevented, the open voltage and fidelity are increased to improve the conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
- the front electrode 205 and the back electrode 206 may be formed using a conventional photolithography process and a metal deposition process in addition to the screen printing method.
- the present invention is not limited by the process applied for the formation of the front electrode 205 and the back electrode 206.
- the binder was prepared by adding ethyl cellulose (EC) to a solvent in which butyl carbitol (BC) and terpineol (T) were mixed at 4: 1, and heating and mixing.
- EC ethyl cellulose
- BC butyl carbitol
- T terpineol
- the high temperature impurity doping process is performed only once, unlike the conventional selective emitter layer forming process, it is possible to prevent the impurities in the substrate from being activated.
- the etching mask pattern is formed by using the screen printing method, the process is simpler than the conventional photolithography process and the manufacturing cost can be lowered.
- the etching mask pattern is advantageous in that if the paste material is simply formed by screen printing, no vacuum deposition equipment or a high temperature furnace is required.
- the detachment of the mask pattern is not easily performed in the etch-back process, the emitter may be stably formed.
- by using a selective wet etchant during the etch-back of the emitter layer it is possible to secure the stability and reproducibility of the etch-back process.
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Abstract
Description
| 무기물 분말 | 바인더(중량%) | 첨가제(중량%) | |||
| 종류(중량%) | 평균입경 | 탭밀도(g/cm3) | 수지(바인더 내 중량%) | 유기용매(바인더 내 중량%) | |
| 실시예1 | SiO2(33) | 3㎛ | 1.1 | (66) | 스테아르산(1) |
| EC(20) | BC/T (80) | ||||
| 실시예2 | 실란 코팅된 SiO2 (33) | 3㎛ | 0.8 | (66) | 스테아르산(1) |
| EC(20) | BC/T (80) | ||||
| 실시예3 | 실란 코팅된 SiO2 (33) | 1㎛ | 0.5 | (66) | 스테아르산(1) |
| EC(20) | BC/T (80) | ||||
| 실시예4 | SiO2(10) | 50nm | 0.2 | (89) | 스테아르산(1) |
| EC(20) | BC/T (80) | ||||
| 실시예5 | SiO2(10) | 20nm | 0.1 | (89) | 스테아르산(1) |
| EC(20) | BC/T (80) | ||||
| Voc(mV) | Jsc(mA/㎠) | FF(%) | Eff(%) | |
| 에칭 전 | 0.615 | 32.6 | 76.4 | 15.3 |
| 0.616 | 32.6 | 77.0 | 15.4 | |
| 실시예3 | 0.620 | 33.3 | 75.7 | 15.6 |
| 0.621 | 33.3 | 76.3 | 15.8 | |
| 실시예4 | 0.619 | 33.4 | 74.9 | 15.5 |
| 0.621 | 33.3 | 76.4 | 15.8 | |
| 실시예5 | 0.620 | 33.1 | 75.1 | 15.4 |
| 0.621 | 33.3 | 76.4 | 15.8 |
Claims (18)
- 무기물 분말, 유기 용매 및 바인더를 포함하며, 상기 무기물 분말은 탭밀도가 0.01 ~ 20 g/cm3인 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 바인더는 유기 용매 및 바인더 수지로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 금속 또는 금속 산화물 분말, 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 Si, Ti, ITO, SiO2, TiO2, Bi2O3 및 PbO으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 금속 또는 금속 산화물 중 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 평균입경이 1nm ~ 10um(micrometer) 인 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 평균입경이 10nm ~ 5um(micrometer) 인 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말의 입자는 실란 화합물, 실리콘 오일 또는 지방산으로 코팅된 것을 특징으로 하는 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트.
- (a) 제1도전형의 불순물이 도핑된 실리콘 반도체 기판을 준비하는 단계;(b) 상기 기판 상부로 제1도전형과 반대 극성을 갖는 제2도전형의 불순물을 도핑하여 기판 상부에 에미터층을 형성하는 단계;(c) 상기 에미터층 상의 전면 전극 접속 지점에 탭밀도가 0.01 ~ 20 g/cm3인 무기물 분말, 유기 용매 및 바인더를 포함하는 페이스트로 식각 마스크 패턴을 형성하는 단계;(d) 상기 식각 마스크 패턴을 마스크로 하여 에미터층을 에치-백하는 단계;(e) 상기 에치-백 후 잔류하는 식각 마스크 패턴을 제거하는 단계;(f) 상기 기판의 전면에 반사방지막을 형성하는 단계;(g) 상기 반사방지막을 관통시켜 상기 전면 전극 형성 지점에 전면 전극을 접속시키는 단계; 및(h) 상기 기판의 배면에 후면 전극을 접속시키는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 바인더는 유기 용매 및 바인더 수지로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 제1도전형의 불순물은 p형 불순물이고, 상기 제2도전형의 불순물은 n형 불순물인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 금속 또는 금속 산화물 분말, 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 (c) 단계의 무기물 분말은 Si, Ti, ITO, SiO2, TiO2, Bi2O3 및 PbO로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 금속 또는 금속 산화물 중 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2종 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 평균입경이 1nm ~ 10um(micrometer) 인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말은 평균입경이 10nm ~ 5um(micrometer) 인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 무기물 분말의 입자는 실란 화합물, 실리콘 오일 또는 지방산으로 코팅된 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 (d) 단계는,HNO3:HF:CH3COOH:H2O의 부비피가 10:0.1~0.01:1~3:5~10로 혼합된 선택적 습식 에천트를 이용하여 에미터층을 에치-백하는 단계임을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 선택적 습식 에천트에 의한 상기 에미터층의 고농도 불순물 도핑 영역에 대한 식각 속도는 0.08 내지 0.12 um/sec(micrometer/sec) 이고, 상기 에미터층의 저농도 불순물 도핑 영역에 대한 식각 속도는 0.01 내지 0.03 um/sec(micrometer/sec) 인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 (d) 단계는,염기성 습식 에천트 또는 플라즈마 건식 에천트를 이용하여 에미터층을 에치-백하는 단계임을 특징으로 하는 태양전지의 제조방법.
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| CN2009801346288A CN102144302B (zh) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-07 | 糊剂和采用该糊剂制造太阳能电池的方法 |
| US13/062,114 US20110159633A1 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-07 | Paste and manufacturing method of solar cell using the same |
| EP09811731.0A EP2323173B1 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-07 | Paste and manufacturing methods of a solar cell using the same |
| JP2011525989A JP5472304B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-07 | ペースト及びそれを用いた太陽電池の製造方法 |
| US14/340,140 US9640708B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-07-24 | Paste and manufacturing method of solar cell using the same |
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| KR1020090084172A KR101073287B1 (ko) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-07 | 페이스트 및 이를 이용한 태양전지의 제조방법 |
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| US14/340,140 Division US9640708B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-07-24 | Paste and manufacturing method of solar cell using the same |
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| US (2) | US20110159633A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP2323173B1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP5472304B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR101073287B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN102144302B (ko) |
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| JP2011222951A (ja) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-11-04 | Lg Electronics Inc | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
| CN102237434A (zh) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-09 | 北京北方微电子基地设备工艺研究中心有限责任公司 | 一种埋栅太阳能电池的制备方法 |
| CN102443290A (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | 用于太阳能电池的透明导电膜用组合物和透明导电膜 |
| JP2013536992A (ja) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-09-26 | ショット・ゾラール・アーゲー | 太陽電池エミッタの湿式化学エッチングバックのための方法 |
| JP2014505376A (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-02-27 | ハンファ ケミカル コーポレーション | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
| US9401446B2 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2016-07-26 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Silicon solar cell and method of manufacturing the same |
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| KR101044906B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-03 | 2011-06-28 | 주식회사 테스 | 태양 전지의 제조방법 |
| KR101181190B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-09-18 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 태양 전지 및 이의 후면 전극용 페이스트 조성물 |
| WO2012067444A2 (ko) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 산화막이 형성된 도전성 필름 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR101729304B1 (ko) | 2010-12-21 | 2017-04-21 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 태양 전지 및 그 제조 방법 |
| JP5772755B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-02 | 2015-09-02 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池電極用ペースト組成物 |
| KR102099983B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-31 | 2020-04-10 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Ito 소결체의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 ito 소결체 |
| DE102014103303A1 (de) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-10-01 | Universität Konstanz | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Solarzellen mit simultan rückgeätzten dotierten Bereichen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9401446B2 (en) | 2008-11-04 | 2016-07-26 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Silicon solar cell and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2011222951A (ja) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-11-04 | Lg Electronics Inc | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
| CN102237434A (zh) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-09 | 北京北方微电子基地设备工艺研究中心有限责任公司 | 一种埋栅太阳能电池的制备方法 |
| JP2013536992A (ja) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-09-26 | ショット・ゾラール・アーゲー | 太陽電池エミッタの湿式化学エッチングバックのための方法 |
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| CN102443290A (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | 用于太阳能电池的透明导电膜用组合物和透明导电膜 |
| JP2014505376A (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-02-27 | ハンファ ケミカル コーポレーション | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI443162B (zh) | 2014-07-01 |
| US20140335647A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
| CN102144302B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| TW201016808A (en) | 2010-05-01 |
| EP2323173B1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
| KR20100029063A (ko) | 2010-03-15 |
| WO2010027232A3 (ko) | 2010-06-24 |
| EP2323173A2 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| EP2323173A4 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
| US20110159633A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| JP2012502463A (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
| KR101073287B1 (ko) | 2011-10-12 |
| CN102144302A (zh) | 2011-08-03 |
| US9640708B2 (en) | 2017-05-02 |
| JP5472304B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
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