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WO2010015515A2 - Récepteur de rayonnement - Google Patents

Récepteur de rayonnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010015515A2
WO2010015515A2 PCT/EP2009/059454 EP2009059454W WO2010015515A2 WO 2010015515 A2 WO2010015515 A2 WO 2010015515A2 EP 2009059454 W EP2009059454 W EP 2009059454W WO 2010015515 A2 WO2010015515 A2 WO 2010015515A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
inclined plane
particles
solid particles
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/059454
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010015515A3 (fr
Inventor
Marc Röger
Reiner Buck
Lars Amsbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Publication of WO2010015515A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010015515A2/fr
Publication of WO2010015515A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010015515A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiation receiver for transmitting the energy of incident solar radiation to solid particles and a corresponding method.
  • Direct-absorbing receivers direct absorption receivers
  • DAR direct absorption receivers
  • Particle receivers containing solid particles eliminate the need for expensive heat exchangers to transfer the energy from a receiver medium such as air or water vapor to the storage material.
  • the solid particles form the storage material.
  • the energy storage integrated in the system allows the operation of continuous processes even with fluctuating solar radiation and at night.
  • the injected heat can be used for various purposes, such as gas or steam turbine processes or for chemical processes such as hydrogen production.
  • Receivers are known in which solid particles traverse a distance in free fall, in which highly concentrated radiation is introduced, which is absorbed by the particles. Such falling particle receivers work with small particles of 0.3 mm - 1 mm in diameter. These heat up as they go through the solar focus.
  • liquid salt film receivers are known in which liquid salt on the irradiated receiver side by gravity drops down and is heated.
  • the known receivers that work with solid particles have the disadvantage that the particle temperature achieved depends essentially on the radiation flux density. Therefore, it is necessary to change the mass flow of the particles to achieve a desired heat absorption.
  • a low mass flow density has the consequence that the particles are less shadowed and the individual particle is heated to the target temperature despite lower incident radiation flux density.
  • a reduction of the particle density also has the consequence that the transparency of the particle curtain increases and therefore more solar radiation is reflected from the rear wall to the environment. These losses lead to low partial load efficiencies.
  • Another disadvantage is the high susceptibility to wind. Particles are ejected from the falling curtain, especially with diagonally incoming winds.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a working with solid particles radiation receiver, which has good efficiencies even at partial load operation, and in which the susceptibility to wind is reduced.
  • the solar radiation receiver according to the present invention is defined by claim 1. Further, a method of transmitting the energy of incident radiation to solid particles according to the invention is defined by claim 12.
  • the solid particles are guided on an inclined plane on which they pass through the irradiated with concentrated solar radiation receiver track.
  • the receiver section forms an inclined plane with an inclination angle, which is generally between 20 ° and 50 °. Due to the size of the inclination of the inclined plane, the residence time of the particles in the irradiation path can be influenced.
  • the mass flow of the solid particles can be adjusted via adjustable inlet openings. At low solar irradiation, a smaller particle mass flow is supplied.
  • the optical absorption properties do not depend on the size of the mass flow.
  • the receiver has a high absorptivity even at low mass flow densities and therefore high efficiencies.
  • the mass flow can be changed by regulating or adjusting the inlet device. At low solar irradiation, a smaller particle mass flow is supplied.
  • the optical absorption properties do not depend on the size of the mass flow. The receiver shows a high absorptivity even at low mass flow densities, so that a high degree of efficiency is achieved.
  • An essential aspect of the invention consists in influencing the residence time of the particles in the radiation reception area of the receiver.
  • the efficiency of the receiver is not significantly reduced in partial load.
  • the receiver according to the invention has a low wind sensitivity. Further advantages are the simple structure and the direct coupling of the heat into the particles.
  • the inclination of the inclined plane is regulated variable.
  • the residence time of the particles and thus also the achievable at the respective radiation density temperature can be influenced.
  • the mass flow may be variable by regulating the inlet device.
  • the inclined plane may take the form of a funnel or crater. Alternatively, it may also have the shape of a cone. All these variants, which can also be combined with each other, have in common that the inclined plane is annular and surrounds a center. Another variant of the invention provides that the inclined plane is plate-shaped.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for radiation receivers which are mounted on a tower and receive solar radiation from a heliostat field of numerous arranged on the ground heliostat mirrors.
  • a secondary mirror can be provided, which distributes the incident radiation on the inclined plane.
  • the secondary mirror has on the one hand the task of concentrating the radiation on the inclined plane, or the particles sliding thereon, and on the other hand, the task of evenly distributing the radiation on the inclined plane in order to avoid local radiation peaks or sinks.
  • the invention further relates to a method of transmitting the energy of incident radiation to solid particles, characterized in that the solid particles slip over an inclined plane while being exposed to the radiation.
  • the solid particles may consist of any type of granules which is resistant to high temperatures. It can be ceramic particles or sand. Preferably, a composition is used which contains 83% Al 2 O 3 , 7% Fe 2 O 3 and the remainder SiO 2 and TiO 2 and others.
  • the particle size or grain size is preferably about 0.3 mm - 1 mm.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a funnel variant of
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment as a combination of funnel and cone variant
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the cone variant with a fixed-bed substrate
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8.
  • the receiver of Figure 1 comprises a baffle 10 which forms a sliding surface for the controlled sliding of particles under the influence of gravity.
  • the guide device 10 is formed here in the manner of a funnel. It has an inclined plane SE, which extends from an upper edge 11 to a central lower drain 12. The inclination of the inclined plane is the same everywhere.
  • At the upper edge there are inlet devices distributed circumferentially, so that from each inlet device a particle flow 13 is introduced into the hopper.
  • a metering device 14 At the outlet 12 is a metering device 14, with which the particle flow can be influenced.
  • the residence time of the particles on the inclined plane can be controlled.
  • the hot particles fall into a tank 15, which forms a heat storage, from which the particles can be removed as needed.
  • a corresponding metering device may also be provided at the inlet to control the residence time and thus the irradiation time.
  • the guide device 10 and the tank 15 are surrounded in this embodiment by a jacket 16 which prevents heat radiation to the environment.
  • the entire radiation receiver is rotationally symmetrical with a vertical axis.
  • the guide device 10 Above the guide device 10 is a secondary mirror 18, which reflects the radiation 19 coming from a heliostat field, the reflected radiation 20 being distributed as evenly as possible over the inclined plane SE.
  • the secondary mirror 18 directs the incoming radiation from below onto the receiver from above. Its mirror surface is slightly curved so that it has a focusing effect.
  • the inclined plane SE is offset from the focus in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the secondary mirror can be made relatively small, with the advantage of low wind loads and low cost.
  • the slope of the inclined surface SE depends on the friction properties of the particles in combination with the guide. Generally, the slope is ⁇ 20 °. This slope angle ensures that there are always particles on the inclined surface SE.
  • the effective slope angle of the surface of the particle bed is between 20 ° and 40 °, in particular about 30 °.
  • the radiation receiver according to the invention can be referred to as a Flowing Particle Receiver, in contrast to the known Falling Particle Receiver.
  • the mass flow can be regulated without auxiliary equipment.
  • the slope - depending on the design of the receiver - increases or decreases, so that the sliding speed changes.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show an embodiment according to the principle of craters or funnels, in which the inclined plane SE is formed by a fixed bed 25 which is arranged on a horizontal base 26 and forms a funnel with the required inclination angle. At the upper edge of the funnel is the inlet device 27 with circumferentially distributed slot-shaped inlets 28 and at the lower end is the central outlet. The cold particles 29 are fed to the sector via the inlets 28. The solid particles 30 form on the inclined plane SE a fluidized bed which slides down to the outlet 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows the trajectories of the particle flows 31 in the sectors which are each assigned to an inlet 28.
  • the inlets 28 may be independently controlled.
  • the mass flow distribution in the receiver can be adjusted zone by zone to the currently existing solar flux density distribution, so that the particle flows which converge at the outlet 12 reach their setpoint temperature. In this embodiment, the procedure is unregulated.
  • the also made of particles fixed bed 25 forms a thermal insulation.
  • the receiver has a simple structure and is easily adjustable via the individual inlets 28. It has a good cold start behavior, is depressurised, does not require hazardous materials and is used only in limited quantities Areas of expensive high-temperature materials. It has a good partial load behavior, since the optical efficiency is independent of the particle mass flow.
  • an inner conical inclined plane SEI and this surrounding outer inclined plane SE2 is provided.
  • the inclined plane SEI has a central inlet device 27a above its vertex.
  • the inclined plane SE2 has a circumferentially distributed inlet device 27 with let-in 28, as in the embodiment of Figures 2 and 3.
  • the sleeping levels SEI and SE2 meet at their lower ends.
  • slots or round holes arranged on a circle, through which the particles fall from both inclined planes.
  • Underneath is a drain ring which collects the falling particles and feeds them to a central drain 12.
  • This embodiment is also referred to as "plane" because the particle surface tends to approach a horizontal distribution.
  • the surface of this distribution is solar irradiated and then covered by trailing particles.
  • the main advantage of this variant is that the mass flow can be adjusted individually to the local solar flux density by the mass flow control on the processes.
  • FIG. 5 shows the trajectories of the flow paths 31, which run in the central area of the receiver from the inside to the outside and in the peripheral area from outside to inside.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show the variant "cone”.
  • the inclined plane SE is formed by a fixed bed 25 and has the shape of a cone or mountain. Above the vertex is the central inlet device 27a. On the fixed bed, a layer of particles 30 is formed, the thickness of which decreases towards the outlet 12a.
  • the drain 12a is here arranged annularly and it consists of numerous drainage slots 33, which are each associated with a sector of the inclined plane SE. The particles flow off via the outlet 12a in the radial direction.
  • FIGS 8 and 9 show an embodiment which may be referred to as a "conveyor belt".
  • the inclined plane SE here has the shape of a flat plate which forms an inclined surface, wherein the inlet device 27 is provided at the upper end and the drain 12 at the lower end.
  • the direction of flow of the particles is designated by "34".
  • a secondary mirror 18 reflects the incident radiation from below onto the oblique surface SE or the particles sliding down thereon.
  • Another embodiment (not shown) provides, instead of the inclined plane SE, at least one conveyor belt on which the particles are conveyed through the irradiation zone.
  • a conveyor belt can be arranged horizontally. It is also possible to run several conveyor belts, which are individually controllable in their speed, parallel to each other.
  • various measures can be carried out, such as the application of vibrations by vibrators or impactors, in particular to stabilize the flow of particles.
  • the change of the slope force is made by regulating the inclination angle of the inclined plane. This is relatively easy to do in a fixed bed. It is also possible to provide braking structures in the particle path.
  • Another option is that magnetic particles are used, whereby the running speed is influenced by the application of magnetic fields.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Récepteur de rayonnement pour la transmission de l'énergie de rayons solaires incidents à des particules solides, comprenant un plan oblique (SE) qui soumet les particules solides à glissement contrôlé pour les amener d'un dispositif d'entrée jusqu'à un tube d'écoulement (12). Le rayonnement d'un champ d'héliostats est réfléchi par un miroir secondaire (18) en direction du plan oblique (SE). Les particules glissant sur le plan oblique sont chauffées par le rayonnement solaire et sont amenées dans un réservoir (15). Les particules forment un accumulateur de chaleur dont la chaleur est prélevée en fonction des besoins.
PCT/EP2009/059454 2008-08-02 2009-07-22 Récepteur de rayonnement Ceased WO2010015515A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008036210A DE102008036210B4 (de) 2008-08-02 2008-08-02 Strahlungsreceiver
DE102008036210.7 2008-08-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010015515A2 true WO2010015515A2 (fr) 2010-02-11
WO2010015515A3 WO2010015515A3 (fr) 2010-06-03

Family

ID=41461647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/059454 Ceased WO2010015515A2 (fr) 2008-08-02 2009-07-22 Récepteur de rayonnement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102008036210B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010015515A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010062367A1 (de) 2010-12-02 2012-02-16 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung und Verfahren zur solaren Erhitzung von Wärmeträgermedium
DE102010063116A1 (de) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung
DE102014106320A1 (de) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung
CN110057119A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-26 浙江大学 颗粒吸热装置及其集热器

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US8307821B2 (en) 2008-04-16 2012-11-13 Alstom Technology Ltd. Continuous moving bed solar steam generation system
CN102007294A (zh) * 2008-04-16 2011-04-06 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 连续移动床太阳能蒸汽发生系统
DE102010025602B4 (de) 2010-02-25 2015-07-09 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfänger
DE102011053347B4 (de) * 2011-09-07 2015-11-05 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zur Übertragung von Wärme und Wärmeübertragungssystem
DE102014200418B4 (de) 2014-01-13 2017-05-18 Ceram Tec-Etec Gmbh Solarstrahlungsreceiver für Solarturmkraftwerke sowie Solarturmkraftwerk
US10578341B2 (en) * 2014-12-12 2020-03-03 Zhejiang University Dual-cavity method and device for collecting and storing solar energy with metal oxide particles
DE102015204461B4 (de) 2015-03-12 2017-05-24 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarkraftwerk
DE102015209962A1 (de) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-01 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Partikel-Partikel Vibrations-Wärmeübertrager
DE102016216733B4 (de) 2016-06-23 2018-03-22 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsreceiver zur solaren Bestrahlung von Feststoffpartikeln, eine Industrieanlage mit einem Solarstrahlungsreceiver, sowie ein Verfahren zur solaren Bestrahlung von Feststoffpartikeln

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US4338919A (en) * 1980-07-21 1982-07-13 University Of Pittsburgh Solar collector system employing particulate energy collecting media
DE3029864A1 (de) * 1980-08-07 1982-03-11 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Anlage zur konzentrierung solarer strahlungsenergie
US4443186A (en) * 1982-04-14 1984-04-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Solar heated rotary kiln
DE3403354A1 (de) * 1984-02-01 1985-08-01 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München Solaranlage
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DE102004050493B4 (de) * 2004-10-15 2009-04-16 Gäuboden-Kräuter GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Herr Gottfried Billinger, Äußere Passauerstr. 34, 94315 Straubing) Vorrichtung zum Entkeimen biologischer Produkte

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010062367A1 (de) 2010-12-02 2012-02-16 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung und Verfahren zur solaren Erhitzung von Wärmeträgermedium
WO2012072677A2 (fr) 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Dispositif récepteur de rayonnement solaire et procédé de chauffage solaire d'un fluide caloporteur
DE102010063116A1 (de) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung
DE102014106320A1 (de) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung
DE102014106320B4 (de) * 2014-05-06 2020-10-29 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Solarstrahlungsempfängervorrichtung
CN110057119A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-26 浙江大学 颗粒吸热装置及其集热器
CN110057119B (zh) * 2018-01-19 2023-11-24 浙江大学 颗粒吸热装置及其集热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008036210B4 (de) 2010-08-12
DE102008036210A1 (de) 2010-02-04
WO2010015515A3 (fr) 2010-06-03

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