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WO2010013117A1 - Installation de combustion à réduction de pollution - Google Patents

Installation de combustion à réduction de pollution Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010013117A1
WO2010013117A1 PCT/IB2009/006380 IB2009006380W WO2010013117A1 WO 2010013117 A1 WO2010013117 A1 WO 2010013117A1 IB 2009006380 W IB2009006380 W IB 2009006380W WO 2010013117 A1 WO2010013117 A1 WO 2010013117A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plant according
combustion
fumes
abatement
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2009/006380
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michele Cataldo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US13/056,706 priority Critical patent/US20110131990A1/en
Priority to EP09802578A priority patent/EP2315972A1/fr
Publication of WO2010013117A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010013117A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/301—Treating pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/102—Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/70—Condensing contaminants with coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/80—Quenching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for combustion or incineration of various materials, in particular waste, with abatement and destruction of the pollutant fumes resulting from combustion.
  • combustion is meant a process in the presence of air, whether in excess or in defect, with consequent exclusion of the processes based upon the phenomenon of pyrolysis, i.e., in the absence of air.
  • the plant according to the invention is conceived for thermodestruction of any combustible material with or without recovery of the thermal energy produced by combustion, but in any case with drastic reduction of the percentages of pollutants in the resulting fumes. It is a system for incineration of waste and thermodestruction of the incondensable gases and dioxins resulting from incineration of any type of waste, including second-degree raw materials that after combustion are discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the present plant finds particular application in the sector of incineration of waste - such as urban solid waste (USW), special waste, industrial waste, and all the solid-fossil and liquid-fossil toxic-noxious derivatives, waste and second-degree raw materials that comprise all the fossil residues, exhausted mineral and vegetable oils, all the residuals of petroleum and fossils of any kind, and tyres for motor vehicles - and of thermodestruction of the pollutant atoms contained in the fumes and incondensables.
  • waste - such as urban solid waste (USW), special waste, industrial waste, and all the solid-fossil and liquid-fossil toxic-noxious derivatives, waste and second-degree raw materials that comprise all the fossil residues, exhausted mineral and vegetable oils, all the residuals of petroleum and fossils of any kind, and tyres for motor vehicles - and of thermodestruction of the pollutant atoms contained in the fumes and incondensables.
  • the plant can be adapted to operate in combination with combustion furnaces of a different type, both ones with variable temperature and ones with controlled and constant temperature, or again rotary furnaces with variable geometry and the like.
  • the plant can moreover be adapted according to the materials that are to undergo destruction and the type of energy that it is desired, if possible, to recover, on the basis of the requirements of small and medium-sized industries up to large plants for the systematic destruction of waste, with a recovery of up to 95% of the potential energy contained in the waste.
  • incineration systems comprising a furnace for combustion of the material by thermodestruction and a postcombustion device designed for bringing the resulting fumes of combustion to very high temperatures in order to abate the percentage of pollutants, for example dioxins and sulphates, but are totally devoid of separators of CO 2 and condensers for condensing the water contained in the incondensables that are to be destroyed.
  • pollutants for example dioxins and sulphates
  • pollutants such as CO, SO, SO 2 , HCI, HF, NO, NOx, particulates present in larger amounts, and other noxious components in low concentrations but of high toxicity such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), compounds of heavy metals (mercury, cadmium), organo- chlorinated compounds (polychlorobiphenyls, dioxins, furans).
  • PAHs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • compounds of heavy metals mercury, cadmium
  • organo- chlorinated compounds polychlorobiphenyls, dioxins, furans
  • furnaces for incineration of waste also known are furnaces referred to as "gasification furnaces", constituted by a combustion chamber thermally insulated from the outside world and coated on the inside with a refractory material, in which the fuel is burnt using an amount of oxygen that is insufficient for complete oxidation of the material present in order to produce a combustible gas (syngas), which may then be burnt to produce thermal energy to be recovered, for example, via a steam turbine or an explosion engine.
  • incineration plants based upon alternating-charging rocking furnaces, in which adjustment of the air for the combustion is carried out on the basis of the stoichiometric scale, i.e., by pressure.
  • IT1316578 is a system for thermodestruction of waste, in which a succession of separator modules is used for pre-treatment of the fumes that leave the combustion chamber and that are to go to a postcombustor once they have been deprived of the condensable components, such as water, dust, and carbon dioxide.
  • This solution has not, however, solved the problem of a complete cleaning and separation of the incondensable gases introduced into the postcombustor and of the temperature necessary to obtain thermodestruction thereof.
  • Incineration plants of a known type present numerous drawbacks.
  • a first drawback is represented by the fact that the abatement of pollutant fumes does not prove satisfactory unless the postcombustion process is brought up to very high temperatures, this both in energy-recovery plants and in thermodestruction plants for the abatement alone of pollutants.
  • regulation of the air for combustion is performed on the basis of the stoichiometric scale, and hence cannot be performed automatically at any moment, as would be necessary when there is a continuous variation of the characteristics of the waste.
  • a further drawback of incineration systems of a known type is that they present a high energy consumption.
  • a further drawback is that incineration systems of a conventional type are unable to burn toxic-noxious waste.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of known incineration systems, and to propose a plant that is able to destroy thermally combustible materials of any type and in particular waste of any kind, at the time same obtaining a level of abatement of the pollutant fumes that is much higher than in known systems, to reach values of concentration of pollutants that are lower than the values required by the relevant standards.
  • the above purpose is achieved with a plant according to Claims 1- 14.
  • the plant comprises an assembly for recovery of the energy produced by combustion.
  • a second advantage lies in the energy efficiency of the process of thermodestruction of the incondensables.
  • a third advantage consists in the adaptability of the plant to different requirements in terms of material to be destroyed, size of the plant, and energy requirements.
  • a fourth advantage consists in the possibility of recovering the energy produced by combustion.
  • a fifth advantage consists in the possibility of thermodestruction in a continuous process of material that is non-uniform in terms of volume and quality, maintaining the pollutant values of the fumes at output below fixed and pre-set values.
  • FIG. 1A shows an example of thermodestruction plant of a traditional type
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the plant
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the plant equipped with an energy-recovery assembly
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a module for separation of carbon dioxide according to the invention.
  • a plant according to the invention comprising a combustion chamber 1 for combustion of a mass of fuel supplied from a supply mouth 26.
  • the chamber 1 can be constituted by an incinerator furnace, a boiler supplied, for example, with coal or with tyres for motor vehicles, or other device operating by combustion in the presence of oxygen, hence excluding devices which operate by pyrolysis.
  • the chamber 1 is connected via a pipe 9 to a postcombustion device 2 for thermodestruction of the incondensable gases generated by combustion, which is also connected, via a pipe 27, to a supply 21 of air rich in oxygen, preferably for separation of the nitrogen component, in order to maintain optimal carburation of the postcombustor, which is regulated by a control unit 23 and by a regulation valve 24 for modulating the air.
  • a postcombustion device 2 for thermodestruction of the incondensable gases generated by combustion which is also connected, via a pipe 27, to a supply 21 of air rich in oxygen, preferably for separation of the nitrogen component, in order to maintain optimal carburation of the postcombustor, which is regulated by a control unit 23 and by a regulation valve 24 for modulating the air.
  • the postcombustor 2 is constituted by three cylinders and a base, which may also present different shapes, and is equipped with three manifolds: a first one for inlet of gases 43, which leads to a modulating burner 16 with the function of bringing the postcombustor up to temperature; a second one, i.e., the pipe 9, which conveys the incondensable gases; and a third one, designated by 19, for discharge. All the components are preferably made of stainless steel coated on the inside with refractory material 18 having the function of maintaining the internal temperature of the postcombustor itself constant.
  • the postcombustor 2 may have shapes and characteristics optimized in relation to the constructional design of the plant.
  • set along the pipe 9, in an intermediate position between the chamber 1 and the postcombustor 2 is at least one module 4 for abatement, by difference in specific weight, of carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxide present in the combustion fumes, as also of any other component having a specific weight higher than that of the incondensables, such as LPG, methane, propane, butane, or the like.
  • the modules 4 are constituted by a conveyor 8 traversed from top down by the combustion fumes and by a current of water, which is introduced into the cylinder by a piping 12 and laps the flow of fumes, englobing and drawing along with it the carbon dioxide and possible dust, which is conveyed via a drainage pipe 11 into an underlying tank 10 for deposit of waste water.
  • the circulation of the water can moreover be assisted by a recirculating pump 17, which draws from the tank 10, which is preferably made of stainless steel and is connected to the sewage network, and delivers into the piping 12.
  • a recirculating pump 17 which draws from the tank 10, which is preferably made of stainless steel and is connected to the sewage network, and delivers into the piping 12.
  • the module 4 has inside it a series of pilot tubes or ducts 44, which may have different cross sections and shapes according to the requirements and have the function of directing the residue of combustion coming from the chamber 1 through the pipe 9 at inlet to the module 4.
  • the pilot ducts are distributed in at least two diffusers 45, 47, which are set in the internal section 46 of the module 4 and are separated by an empty portion 48 of the section 46.
  • the fumes are impinged upon by the water coming from the line 12 and sent into the module 4 preferably through sprayers 49. Thanks to the thermal jump that occurs in the combustion chamber, the incondensable gases increase in volume and enter the module 4 with a specific weight lower than the carbon dioxide, dust, carbon monoxide, and other components, which are impinged upon by the flow of water and precipitated by difference of specific weight through the drainage pipe 11.
  • the presence in succession of a number of diffusers separated by an empty portion enables improvement of the surface of exchange between the fumes to be precipitated and the water, drastically reducing the residual content thereof in the pipe 9 downstream of the module 4.
  • the module 4 in steady running conditions the module 4 is traversed by the "dirty" waste water, pushed by the pump 17, with the advantage of favouring englobing of carbon dioxide, CO, and dust and their precipitation into the tank 10, as compared to the use of clear water or mains water.
  • a separator module 5 for abatement of the water vapour present in the fumes, which preferably comprises a tube-nest exchanger traversed by the fumes and by the recirculating water pushed by the pump 17, which causes condensation of the steam and falling thereof into a tank 10 preferably made of stainless steel and connected to the sewage network.
  • the separator 5 is an air/water separator constituted by two cylinders made of stainless steel or by other suitable material, inside which two nests of pipes are connected, sized so as to be self-cleaning and isolated in a fluid-tight way so as to be traversed by the exhaust fumes without coming into contact with the cooling water that laps the outer surface of the pipes themselves.
  • the treatment of separation of carbon dioxide, dust, and water vapour (and possibly nitrogen) from the fumes coming from the combustion chamber 1 makes it possible to limit or eliminate in the postcombustion step the cooling effect otherwise caused by the fumes, and to obtain resulting gases that can be used for a further recovery of heat and of electrical energy and that after postcombustion are rendered altogether harmless.
  • any incineration furnace produces dioxins in the combustion chamber already at the temperature of 300 0 C; then, as the temperature rises in the combustion chamber, the dioxins previously produced burn but other more resistant ones are produced, and so on until dioxins are produced that to undergo destruction require in known systems the use of postcombustors operating at above 1100 0 C.
  • the pollutant atoms undergo previously a treatment of separation of carbon dioxide and dust and condensation of the water vapours, whilst the incondensables are pushed into the postcombustor and can be burnt at a relatively low temperature indicatively comprised between 600-700 0 C or lower, with evident energetic advantage of the thermodestruction process.
  • a negative-pressure device 6 is provided set along the piping 9 with inlet of the fumes at the bottom and outlet at the top.
  • the negative-pressure device 6 is preferably a extractor with variable r.p.m., or flow regulator, which determines vacuum supply of the plant, i.e., of the combustion chamber 1 , inducing a negative pressure in the upstream pipes, and a positive pressure downstream, with the further effect of aspirating the condensation gases contained in the fumes through the modules 4 and 5, and pushing the residual incondensable gases into the subsequent stretch of the piping 9.
  • the module 7 is constituted by a cylindrical container 7, inside which a mixture of water and bicarbonate, soda or the like is present, preferably supplied automatically for neutralizing the acids contained in the incondensables.
  • the cylinder 7 is traversed from bottom to top by the fumes coming from the piping 9 and comprises a pump 20 for circulation of the bicarbonate mixture taken from a deposit 19, which draws in from the tank 10, the bicarbonate mixture being introduced via a piping 30 into the pipe 9 at inlet to the cylinder 7.
  • the module 7 is traversed by the recirculating water coming from the piping 30 and poured back into the tank 10 via the drainage pipe 11. It is understood that the number and sizing of the modules 4, 5, 6, 7 is variable and can be optimized on the basis of the type of waste or fuel to be burnt and of the dimensions of the plant, as likewise of the desired application.
  • the fumes introduced by the pipe 9 traverse the bicarbonate mixture present in the cylinder 7 and undergo abatement of the acids, which are poured, by now neutralized, into the tank 10 through the stretch of drainage pipe 11 , reaching the top stretch of the pipe 9 without any acid content.
  • the pump 20 carries out circulation of the bicarbonate mixture by drawing from the deposit 29 and from the tank 10 via a piping 49.
  • the devices for abatement of the carbon dioxide 4, water vapour 5, and hydrochloric acid 7 can be assembled in a replaceable and modular way along said pipe 9 on the basis of the application and size of the plant and the type of fuel introduced into the chamber 1.
  • the pipe 9 conveys the residual incondensable gases into the postcombustor 2, to carry out thermodestruction thereof, already at temperatures that range from 600 to 700 0 C.
  • a plant according to the invention can comprise a control unit 23 for governing a valve 24 for regulation of the volume of oxygen-enriched air that is to reach the postcombustor 2 on the basis of the values of oxygen content detected by a probe 25 set in the proximity of the outlet of the combustion fumes from the chamber 1.
  • the combustion chamber 1 may consequently be constituted by a furnace for incineration of solid and/or liquid toxic-noxious waste, for example, chemical/pharmaceutical waste, or else again by a boiler for combustion of coal or tyres, or else a converter furnace supplied with liquid fossils, or a furnace for incineration and gasification of urban solid waste (USW).
  • a furnace for incineration of solid and/or liquid toxic-noxious waste for example, chemical/pharmaceutical waste
  • a boiler for combustion of coal or tyres or else a converter furnace supplied with liquid fossils, or a furnace for incineration and gasification of urban solid waste (USW).
  • the combustion chamber 1 is preferably constituted by a combustion chamber of a gasification furnace 41 for the production of syngases, which does not require supply of air for the combustion because it works in defect of air, but uses only a limited amount of carbon dioxide that serves for transfer of the gases obtained from the furnace 1 to the assembly 31 , without, however, burning the gas produced.
  • the assembly 31 comprises a postcombustor 13, which comprises a modular burner 16 and is supplied via a pipe 50 by the combustion fumes of the chamber 1 and which, in turn, supplies a steam generator 3 provided with an outlet 32 for the steam produced that is to be sent on to a turbine 15, preferably through a valve 38, and with an outlet 40 for the residual fumes that are to be sent on to the device for abatement of carbon dioxide 4.
  • a postcombustor 13 which comprises a modular burner 16 and is supplied via a pipe 50 by the combustion fumes of the chamber 1 and which, in turn, supplies a steam generator 3 provided with an outlet 32 for the steam produced that is to be sent on to a turbine 15, preferably through a valve 38, and with an outlet 40 for the residual fumes that are to be sent on to the device for abatement of carbon dioxide 4.
  • a second control unit 33 may moreover be provided for governing a valve 34 for regulation of the volume of oxygen-enriched air that comes from the supply 21 and that is to be sent to the postcombustor 2 and/or 13, which can be modified on the basis of the values of oxygen content detected by the probe 25 set at the outlet from the chamber 1 and by a probe 35 set, instead, in the proximity of the outlet 40 of the combustion fumes from the steam generator 3.
  • a second steam generator 14 can moreover be provided, supplied by the postcombustor 2 and provided with an outlet 36 for the steam produced that is to be sent on to a turbine 15, preferably through a valve 38, and moreover connected to the outlet 19 of the pollutant-free exhaust fumes.
  • reading of the characteristics of the gases emitted by the plant through the exhaust 19 enables optimization of the combustion temperature that can be obtained in the chamber 1 , in the postcombustor 2, and in the postcombustor 13 .
  • Example of Analysis 1 The samplings carried out comprised: - determination of the parameters of the combustion fumes using a MADUR "GA-40 PLUS" analyser;
  • T.O.C. total organic carbon
  • HYDROFLUORIC ACID HYDROFLUORIC ACID. HYDROCHLORIC ACID, AND INCONDENSABLES
  • PCDDs polychlorodibenzodioxins
  • PCDFs polychlorodibenzofurans
  • the samples were taken at outlet of the combustion fumes from the postcombustor.
  • samplings carried out comprised:
  • the postcombustor 13 was programmed in such a way that the gases produced by incineration of the waste were brought, after the last introduction of combustion air and before expulsion into the atmosphere, at a temperature of at least 95O 0 C.
  • the invention achieves important advantages.
  • the system is pre-arranged for modular solutions, i.e., for providing both in medium-sized and in large-size plants a series of modular and conversion furnaces that can be used also in alternating phases.
  • syngas is produced with any waste, for example through a coaxial furnace with programmed and continuous supply through which a high level of functionality and safety is achieved.
  • the combustion furnace is a variable-geometry furnace but also because it is supplied with oxygen-enriched air, produced by the device 21 , for example, a device that separates nitrogen from the supply air of the burners, furnaces, heat accelerators, and postcombustors.
  • thermodestruction of pollutants that is increasingly high.
  • the nitrogen contained in the air is approximately 70% and if 40% is extracted, in proportion to the size it is possible to build systems of dimension that are 30% - 40% smaller.
  • the plant constitutes a true means of thermal destruction of waste and fumes with continuos variable adjustment at a controlled temperature.
  • the plant is suited for obtaining easily the conversion of electric power stations into fossil-carbon power stations. Furthermore, with the gases that are produced it is possible to supply cogeneration or produce LPG, along with abatement of the pollutants into the atmosphere.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation de combustion, comprenant une chambre de combustion (1) pour brûler une quantité de combustible; un dispositif de post-combustion (2) pour la thermodestruction de gaz non condensables générés par la combustion dans la chambre (1); un tuyau (9) pour transporter les fumées provenant de la chambre (1) vers le dispositif de post-combustion (2); une alimentation (21) d'air enrichi en oxygène pour la chambre (1 )et/ou le dispositif de post-combustion (2); et un dispositif pour réduire (4) le dioxyde carbone contenu dans les fumées de combustion qui vont atteindre le dispositif de post-combustion.
PCT/IB2009/006380 2008-07-31 2009-07-28 Installation de combustion à réduction de pollution Ceased WO2010013117A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/056,706 US20110131990A1 (en) 2008-07-31 2009-07-28 Combustion plant with abatement of pollutants
EP09802578A EP2315972A1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2009-07-28 Installation de combustion à réduction de pollution

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2008000521 2008-07-31
ITPCT/IT2008/000521 2008-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010013117A1 true WO2010013117A1 (fr) 2010-02-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2009/006380 Ceased WO2010013117A1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2009-07-28 Installation de combustion à réduction de pollution

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20110131990A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2315972A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010013117A1 (fr)

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CN104597754A (zh) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-06 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 以热端部件为核心的igcc电站整体效率优化控制方法

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