WO2010012193A1 - 生产电石的方法及系统 - Google Patents
生产电石的方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010012193A1 WO2010012193A1 PCT/CN2009/072770 CN2009072770W WO2010012193A1 WO 2010012193 A1 WO2010012193 A1 WO 2010012193A1 CN 2009072770 W CN2009072770 W CN 2009072770W WO 2010012193 A1 WO2010012193 A1 WO 2010012193A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- calcium carbide
- gas
- calcium
- preheating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/942—Calcium carbide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and system for producing calcium carbide ⁇ i.e., calcium carbide, (CaC 2 ) ⁇ , and more particularly to direct heat supply by partial combustion of a powdery carbonaceous raw material and a powdery surface-containing raw material in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- Method and system for producing calcium carbide Background technique
- Calcium carbide or calcium carbide
- calcium carbide is one of the basic raw materials for the organic synthetic chemical industry. Using calcium carbide as a raw material, it can synthesize a series of organic compounds, and provide raw materials for industries such as industry, agriculture, and medicine. It was known as the mother of organic synthesis before the middle of the last century. Calcium carbide is decomposed into acetylene and calcium hydroxide by water, and forms calcium cyanamide with nitrogen. At present, acetylene is mainly used in the production of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and acrylic acid. For example, about 70% of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) in China is produced from calcium carbide acetylene. In recent years, the rise in oil prices has stimulated the development of calcium carbide industry. China's calcium carbide production increased from 4.25 million tons in 2002 to 11.77 million tons in 2006.
- calcium carbide production is based on the following reaction formula, namely CaO + 3C ⁇ CaC 2 + CO, which is an endothermic reaction.
- One of the existing methods for producing calcium carbide is a fixed bed-arc method, which uses a high temperature generated by an arc to heat large particle calcium oxide and large particle coke in a fixed bed (also called a moving bed or an electric arc furnace) to above 2000 °C. A certain period of time is left to form a molten calcium carbide.
- the mixture of calcium oxide and coke in the production process is added from the upper end of the electric furnace, and the CO formed by the reaction between the two is discharged from the upper part of the furnace through the gap of the bulk material, and the molten product calcium carbide is discharged from the bottom of the furnace, and after cooling and crushing, the product is obtained.
- the biggest drawback of the fixed bed-arc method for producing calcium carbide is the large power consumption. According to reports, the average electricity consumption of producing 1 ton of calcium carbide with a purity of 85% is 3250 kW'h. In addition, the electric arc furnace has a complicated structure, limited furnace internal volume, large electrode consumption, and high equipment and operating costs.
- calcium carbide can also be prepared by a fixed bed-oxygen method.
- Japanese patent (Zhao 61-178412) and The relevant information in Germany discloses the shaft furnace full pyrothermal method.
- CN 85107784 A discloses a method and a device for the preparation of calcium carbide which utilizes coal to burn and heat the raw materials in oxygen.
- CN 1843907A discloses a method and a device for producing calcium carbide by kiln furnace oxycombustion, wherein a relatively inexpensive fuel such as coal, natural gas or heavy oil is used to produce calcium carbide by oxygen and oxygen-enriched injection technology, and a by-product gas CO is produced. Used to produce gas.
- the oxythermal method still adopts a large-particle raw material and a batch reaction method, and the reaction time is long, the coke consumption is doubled, and the single furnace output is not high, and the production cost is higher than the arc method, and it has been difficult to replace the arc method.
- the existing arc method and oxythermal method both use a fixed bed reactor, using large particle raw materials (3-40 mm) and intermittent operation mode, the reaction rate is slow, the residence time of the material in the furnace is long, and the production capacity is high. Small, high energy consumption per unit of product.
- large particle raw materials have a large loss in the preparation, and generally about 20% or more of the raw materials cannot be used because the pulverization particle size is too small.
- the main reasons for these methods are high input, high energy consumption, and high pollution.
- the main reason for the disadvantages is the use of large-sized raw materials and intermittent operation, which makes it difficult to use small gas and by-product CO gas.
- the invention aims to overcome the defects of "high input, high energy consumption, high pollution" existing in the production of calcium carbide, and provides a method for producing calcium carbide with simple process, low energy consumption, wide source of raw materials, continuous production, large production capacity and low cost. And system.
- a method of producing calcium carbide based on an oxythermal method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a powdery carbonaceous raw material and a powdery surface-containing raw material of a suitable particle size; (2) adding the powdery carbonaceous raw material and the powdery raw material to a weight of not less than 0.5:1 (3) directly heating the mixture by partially burning the carbonaceous raw material in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, wherein a molar ratio of 02 in the oxygen-containing atmosphere to C in the carbonaceous raw material is not less than 0.1, thereby causing
- the reaction temperature of the mixture is not lower than 1700 °C.
- the reaction temperature of the mixture may range from 1700 to 195 CTC.
- the weight ratio of the carbonaceous material to the calcium-containing material is from 0.5 to 3: 1, more preferably, the weight ratio of the carbonaceous material to the raw material is from 0.7 to 2:1.
- the molar ratio of 02 in the oxygen-containing atmosphere to C in the carbonaceous feedstock is from 0.1 to 0.6.
- the powdery carbonaceous raw material and the powdery raw material have a particle size of less than 1 mm. More preferably, both the powdery carbonaceous material and the powdered material of the bow have a particle size of less than 0.3 mm.
- the carbonaceous feedstock can be one of coal, semi-coke (i.e., blue carbon), coke, or a mixture thereof.
- the calcium-containing material may be one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbide slag or a mixture thereof. It is also conceivable to add a step of preheating the mixed powdery carbonaceous raw material and the powdery calcium-containing raw material after the step (2), wherein the preheating temperature is not lower than 500 °C.
- the preheating temperature is preferably in the range of 500 to 1500 °C.
- the fuel used in the preheating step may be a powdery carbonaceous raw material, a gaseous product CO obtained in the production process, or an auxiliary fuel.
- Auxiliary fuels include gaseous fuels and liquid fuels.
- the oxygen-containing gas used in the preheating may be oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air, preferably air. If the preheated fuel uses the gaseous product CO obtained during the production of calcium carbide, the volume ratio of CO to air is preferably
- the calcium carbide content and can reduce the oxygen consumption of the reaction.
- CO as a by-product in the production of calcium carbide, if directly discharged into the atmosphere, will inevitably lead to air pollution.
- the invention uses CO as one of the preheating fuels to prevent both air pollution and efficient use of energy.
- a system for carrying out the method comprising a compounding unit, a raw material preheating unit and a reaction unit.
- the dosing unit can be any metering device.
- the raw material preheating unit comprises a raw material mixing and feeding device, a preheating device, a gas compression device and a first heat exchanger;
- the raw material mixing and feeding device comprises a solid raw material mixer and a feeder, and the solid raw material mixer outlet and the feeder
- the inlet is connected;
- the preheating device is provided with a raw material inlet, a gas inlet, a first gas outlet and a solid material outlet;
- the outlet of the raw material mixing and feeding device is connected with the raw material inlet of the preheating device, and the preheating device passes through the gas inlet and the gas compression device Connected;
- the preheating device is in communication with the first heat exchanger through the first gas outlet.
- the reaction unit includes a feed device, a reactor, and a second heat exchanger.
- the reactor is provided with a raw material spout, a second gas outlet and a product discharge port; an oxygen-containing gas inlet is arranged on the raw material spout; the solid material inlet of the feeding device is connected with the solid material outlet of the preheating device; the solid material of the feeding device The outlet is in communication with the raw material spout on the reactor; the second gas outlet on the reactor is in communication with the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger, and some of the gas after the heat exchange enters the gas compression device of the preheating unit, and partially enters the other unit.
- a gas purge port is provided on the feeder to prevent solid material from clogging the feeder.
- the preheating device comprises a preheater.
- the preheater can be a fluidized bed or an entrained bed. If the preheater is an entrained flow bed, the preheating device further includes a gas-solid separator, and the first gas outlet and the solid material outlet of the preheating device are disposed on the gas-solid separator. The gas flowing out of the first gas outlet is discharged through the first heat exchanger.
- the gas-solid separator is preferably a cyclone separator.
- a gas purge port may be provided on the feed unit of the reaction unit to prevent material from clogging the feed device.
- the feeder and the feeding device can be selected according to the material temperature, and the feeder and the feeding device can be a screw feeder or a U-type pneumatic valve feeder. In view of the low material temperature of the feeder, it is preferred that the feeder be a screw feeder. Considering that the material temperature of the feeding device is high, it is preferably a U-type pneumatic valve feeder.
- the raw material spout of the reactor may be one of a single orifice, a pair of orifices or multiple orifices.
- a storage device may also be provided between the preheating device and the feeding device of the reaction unit.
- the present invention uses a powdery raw material, which has a wide source of raw materials, high utilization rate, fast reaction rate, low reaction temperature, and high productivity. ⁇
- the part of the carbon-containing raw material is burned directly to replace the arc heating, and the reactor is simple, the cost is low, and the reaction energy consumption is low.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the steps of a method not including a preheating step of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the steps of a method including a preheating step of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of the system of the present invention, the preheating device shown is a fluidized bed;
- Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the system of the present invention, with the preheating device shown as an entrained flow bed.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are block diagrams showing the steps of the method of the present invention, wherein Fig. 1 does not include a preheating step, and Fig. 2 includes a preheating step.
- a dosing unit (not shown) is blended into a suitable weight ratio of a powdery carbonaceous raw material A of a suitable particle size and a powdery calcium-containing raw material B to be fed into the raw material mixing and feeding device 1, in the raw material.
- the mixed feeding device 1 is uniformly mixed, and then the mixed raw material and an appropriate amount of the oxygen-containing gas C are injected into the reactor 5, and a part of the carbonaceous raw material A is burned by means of 0 2 to directly heat the remaining mixture to make the mixture temperature.
- the temperature reaches 1700-1950 °C, a high temperature reaction occurs, and calcium carbide D and by-product CO gas E are generated.
- the calcium carbide D is discharged to the reactor and then cooled to normal temperature.
- the by-product CO gas E and oxygen-containing gas F in the process of producing calcium carbide can be utilized.
- the temperature of the mixture reached 1700 ° C or higher, the generated calcium carbide D was discharged from the reactor and then cooled to normal temperature.
- Table 1 shows the solid product obtained by preheating or not preheating with different particle sizes and different ratios of starting materials and different amounts of oxygen according to the method of the present invention.
- reaction temperature can be reduced to 1700 ° C by the method provided by the present invention, and the smaller the particle size of the raw material and the higher the reaction temperature, the shorter the reaction time and the shorter the reaction time can be shortened to 10 minutes. Inside. In addition, coke consumption and oxygen consumption can be reduced by preheating.
- FIG. 3 and 4 are schematic views of the system of the present invention, wherein the preheater shown in Fig. 3 is a flow bed, and the preheater shown in Fig. 4 is an entrained flow bed.
- the system of the present invention is generally indicated by S, which includes a dosing unit (not shown), a raw material preheating unit, and a reaction unit.
- the raw material preheating unit includes a raw material mixing and feeding device 1, a preheating device 2, a gas compressing device 3, and a first heat exchanger 11.
- the raw material mixing and feeding device 1 includes a solid raw material mixer 12 and a feeder 13, and an outlet of the solid raw material mixer 12 is in communication with an inlet of the feeder 13.
- the preheating device 2 is provided with a raw material inlet 16, a gas inlet 17, a first gas outlet 18 and a first solid material outlet 19.
- the outlet 1-1 of the raw material mixing and feeding device 1 is in communication with the raw material inlet 16 of the preheating device 2, and is preheated.
- the device 2 is in communication with the gas compression device 3 via a gas inlet 17.
- the preheating device 2 is in communication with the first heat exchanger 11 through a first gas outlet 18.
- the reaction unit includes a feed device 4, a reactor 5, and a second heat exchanger 9.
- the reactor 5 is provided with a raw material discharge port 6, a second gas outlet 7, and a product discharge port 8.
- An oxygen-containing gas inlet 6-1 is provided on the raw material discharge port 6.
- the solid material inlet 4-1 of the feed unit 4 is in communication with the first solid material outlet 19 of the preheating unit 2, and the solid material outlet 4-2 of the feed unit 4 is in communication with the raw material vent 6 of the reactor 5.
- the second gas outlet 7 on the reactor 5 communicates with the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger 9, and after the heat exchange, part of the gas enters the gas compression device 3 of the preheating unit, and part of the gas enters the other unit.
- the feeder 13 is provided with a gas purge port to prevent solid material from clogging the feeder.
- the preheater 14 included in the preheating device 2 is a fluidized bed.
- the preheater 14 is an entrained flow bed, and the preheating device 2 further includes a gas-solid separator 15, and the first gas outlet 18 of the preheating device 2 and the first solid material outlet 19 are disposed on the gas-solid separator 15. The gas from the first gas outlet 18 is discharged through the first heat exchanger 11.
- the gas-solid separator 15 is preferably a cyclone separator.
- the feed unit 4 of the reaction unit is provided with a gas purge port to prevent material from clogging the feed device.
- the feeder and the feeding device can be selected according to the material temperature, and the feeder 13 and the feeding device 4 can be a screw feeder or a U-type pneumatic valve feeder. In view of the low material temperature of the feeder 13, a screw feeder is preferred. In view of the high material temperature of the feed device 4, a U-type pneumatic valve feeder is preferred.
- the raw material discharge port 6 of the reactor 5 may be a single nozzle, a pair of nozzles or a plurality of nozzles.
- the powdery carbonaceous raw material A and the powdery calcium-containing raw material B are mixed in the raw material mixing device 1, and then sent to the preheating device 2 through the feeder 13, and the oxygen-containing gas and the heat-treated by-product CO gas are compressed by the gas.
- the device 3 is sent to the gas inlet 17 of the preheating device 2.
- Part of the carbonaceous raw material and the by-product CO gas after heat exchange are burned in the preheating device 2 by the action of the oxygen-containing gas, and the mixed raw material is heated to 500-1500 ° C to pyrolyze the carbonaceous raw material A into coke breeze.
- the raw material B is pyrolyzed into calcium oxide powder.
- the generated high temperature gas is discharged by heat exchange through the first heat exchanger 11, and the formed high temperature solid mixture is fed through
- the device 4 is sent to the raw material spout 6 of the reactor 5, and is injected into the reactor 5 from the spout 6.
- the oxygen-containing gas C is injected into the reactor 5 from the oxygen-containing gas inlet 6-1 on the spout 6, and some of the coke powder and the oxygen-containing gas are injected.
- the 0 2 in the mixture is mixed and burned in the reactor 5, and the material is heated to 1700-1950 ° C to form a calcium carbide.
- the calcium carbide is discharged from the product discharge port 8 at the bottom of the reactor 5, and the by-product CO gas is discharged from the second gas outlet 7 of the reactor 5 into the second heat exchanger 9, and a part of the gas after the heat exchange is sprayed into the preheating by the gas compression device 3.
- the device 2 serves as a fuel for the preheating device 2.
- the preheating device 2 includes the gas-solid separator 15
- the carbonaceous raw material heated in the raw material mixture heated to 500-1500 °C is pyrolyzed into coke breeze, and the calcium-containing raw material is pyrolyzed into calcium oxide powder.
- the formed high temperature product enters the gas-solid separator 15, and the separated gas product is cooled by the second heat exchanger 9, and is discharged, and the separated solid product is sent to the raw material nozzle 6 of the reactor 5 through the feeding device 4, and is discharged from the nozzle 6.
- the oxygen-containing gas C is injected into the reactor 5 from the oxygen-containing gas inlet 6-1 on the nozzle 6, and some of the coke powder and the oxygen-containing gas are mixed and burned in the reactor 5, and the material is heated to 1700-1950.
- °C forms a calcium carbide.
- the calcium carbide is discharged from the product discharge port 8 at the bottom of the reactor 5; the by-product CO gas enters the heat exchanger 9 from the second gas outlet 7 of the reactor 5, and some of the gas after the heat exchange is injected into the preheating device 2 through the gas compression device 3.
- the invention adopts the direct combustion combustion mode of the carbonaceous powder raw material to produce the calcium carbide, and the production temperature is similar to the temperature of the modern gasification bed coal gasification, and avoids the coal ⁇ heat ⁇ electric ⁇ thermal process compared with the arc heating heating calcium carbide technology. Energy loss, energy savings of up to 50%. Compared with the current large-grain raw materials and arc-heating preparation of calcium carbide technology, the use of powdery raw materials improves the production capacity of the reactor and further saves energy.
- the present invention Compared with the current preparation of raw materials by separate coking and separate burning of lime, the present invention combines the preparation of raw materials with the calcium carbide production process, making full use of the sensible heat of coke and calcium oxide, and further energy saving.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2730754A CA2730754C (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | Method and system for producing calcium carbide |
| CN200980123693.0A CN102066248B (zh) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | 生产电石的方法及系统 |
| JP2011520306A JP5498494B2 (ja) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | カーバイド製造方法及びそのシステム |
| US13/017,207 US20110123428A1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2011-01-31 | Method and system for producing calcium carbide |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101175402A CN101327928A (zh) | 2008-08-01 | 2008-08-01 | 一种电石生产方法 |
| CN200810117540.2 | 2008-08-01 | ||
| CN200810239805.6 | 2008-12-12 | ||
| CN2008102398056A CN101428799B (zh) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | 一种电石生产系统 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/017,207 Continuation US20110123428A1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2011-01-31 | Method and system for producing calcium carbide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010012193A1 true WO2010012193A1 (zh) | 2010-02-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2009/072770 Ceased WO2010012193A1 (zh) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | 生产电石的方法及系统 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110123428A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP5498494B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102066248B (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2730754C (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2010012193A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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- 2009-07-15 JP JP2011520306A patent/JP5498494B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-07-15 CA CA2730754A patent/CA2730754C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-07-15 CN CN200980123693.0A patent/CN102066248B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2011
- 2011-01-31 US US13/017,207 patent/US20110123428A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| GB723455A (en) * | 1951-07-30 | 1955-02-09 | Air Reduction | Improvements in preparation of a charge for a calcium carbide furnace |
| GB776271A (en) * | 1952-11-25 | 1957-06-05 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Process for the manufacture of calcium carbide |
| US3044858A (en) * | 1957-12-16 | 1962-07-17 | Texaco Inc | Calcium carbide process |
| JPS54121299A (en) * | 1978-03-15 | 1979-09-20 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Manufacturing method and apparatus for calcium carbide |
| CN85107784A (zh) * | 1985-10-24 | 1987-05-13 | 杨福民 | 碳化钙的制造方法及设备 |
| CN1038798A (zh) * | 1988-06-22 | 1990-01-17 | 杨朝杰 | 液态熔炼碳化钙的方法及设备 |
| CN1047065A (zh) * | 1990-04-14 | 1990-11-21 | 杨福民 | 碳化钙的制造方法 |
| CN101327928A (zh) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-24 | 北京化工大学 | 一种电石生产方法 |
| CN101428799A (zh) * | 2008-12-12 | 2009-05-13 | 北京化工大学 | 一种电石生产系统 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108249465A (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 辽宁邦加钙业有限公司 | 利用电石渣制取氢氧化钙的生产设备及其生产工艺 |
| CN108249465B (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2023-12-05 | 辽宁邦加钙业有限公司 | 利用电石渣制取氢氧化钙的生产设备及其生产工艺 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2011529840A (ja) | 2011-12-15 |
| US20110123428A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| JP5498494B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
| CN102066248A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
| CA2730754A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
| CA2730754C (en) | 2015-05-26 |
| CN102066248B (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
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