WO2010005069A1 - 免疫誘導剤及び癌の検出方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2010005069A1 WO2010005069A1 PCT/JP2009/062574 JP2009062574W WO2010005069A1 WO 2010005069 A1 WO2010005069 A1 WO 2010005069A1 JP 2009062574 W JP2009062574 W JP 2009062574W WO 2010005069 A1 WO2010005069 A1 WO 2010005069A1
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- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/711—Natural deoxyribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only 2'-deoxyriboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001102—Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- A61K39/001129—Molecules with a "CD" designation not provided for elsewhere
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57407—Specifically defined cancers
- G01N33/57415—Specifically defined cancers of breast
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57407—Specifically defined cancers
- G01N33/57426—Specifically defined cancers leukemia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55566—Emulsions, e.g. Freund's adjuvant, MF59
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/80—Vaccine for a specifically defined cancer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/80—Vaccine for a specifically defined cancer
- A61K2039/804—Blood cells [leukemia, lymphoma]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/80—Vaccine for a specifically defined cancer
- A61K2039/812—Breast
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2123/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel immunity-inducing agent useful as an agent for treating and / or preventing cancer.
- the present invention also relates to a novel method for detecting cancer.
- Cancer is a disease that occupies the top cause of all deaths, and the current treatment is a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, mainly surgery. Despite the recent development of new surgical methods and the discovery of new anti-cancer drugs, the therapeutic results of cancer have not improved much except for some cancers. Recent advances in molecular biology and cancer immunology have identified cancer antigens recognized by cytotoxic T cells that respond to cancer, genes encoding cancer antigens, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1).
- dogs and cats are known to have many tumors such as breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma, and are ranked high in the disease statistics of dogs and cats.
- canine and feline cancer there is currently no effective therapeutic or prophylactic agent for canine and feline cancer.
- Most dogs and cat tumors are noticed by the owner after the tumor has progressed and the tumor has grown, and even if they come to the hospital and are removed by surgery or administered human drugs (such as anticancer drugs) Already too late to die soon after treatment. Under such circumstances, if cancer therapeutics and preventives effective for dogs and cats become available, it is expected that the use for canine cancer will be opened.
- Tumor products refer to tumor-related antigens, enzymes, specific proteins, metabolites, oncogenes, oncogene products and tumor suppressor genes.
- Non-patent Document 10 Carcinoembryonic antigen CEA, glycoproteins CA19-9, CA125
- PSA, calcitonin which is a peptide hormone produced in the thyroid gland, and the like have been utilized for cancer detection as tumor markers in some cancers.
- tumor markers there are no tumor markers useful for cancer detection.
- highly sensitive measurement methods and special techniques are required to detect them. Needed. Under such circumstances, if a novel cancer detection means capable of detecting various cancers with high sensitivity by a simple operation is provided, diagnostic applications for various cancers are expected to be opened.
- CD179b is part of an alternative light chain of immunoglobulin, and is known to be expressed on the membrane surface of B cell progenitor cells (pre-B cells and pro-B cells). It disappears as B cells differentiate and is not expressed on mature B cells.
- CD179b is known to be expressed in leukemia (pre-B cell leukemia) cells in which pre-B cells have become cancerous (Non-patent Documents 10 and 11).
- CD179b is also expressed in lymphoma (pre-B cell lymphoma) cells in which pre-B cells have become cancerous, and is known to be usable as a diagnostic marker for pre-B cell lymphoma (Non-patent Document 12). ).
- An object of the present invention is to find a novel polypeptide useful as a therapeutic and / or prophylactic agent for cancer, and to provide use of the polypeptide as an immunity-inducing agent.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a cancer detection means useful for cancer diagnosis.
- the inventors of the present application encode a protein that binds to an antibody present in serum derived from a cancer-bearing organism by the SEREX method using serum from the same dog as the canine breast cancer tissue-derived cDNA library.
- a canine CD179b polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown was generated.
- a human CD179b polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 is prepared based on the obtained human homologous gene, and the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 95 is similarly used based on the bovine homologous gene.
- a bovine CD179b polypeptide having the sequence was generated. They have found that these CD179b polypeptides are specifically expressed in breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma cells. Furthermore, it has been found that by administering these CD179b to a living body, immune cells against CD179b can be induced in vivo, and tumors in vivo that express CD179b can be regressed.
- a recombinant vector that can express a polynucleotide encoding CD179b polypeptide or a fragment thereof induces an antitumor effect in vivo against a cancer that expresses CD179b.
- the partial polypeptide in CD179b protein has the ability to be presented by antigen presenting cells to activate and proliferate cytotoxic T cells specific for the peptide (immunity-inducing activity), It has been found that the peptide is useful for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer, and that antigen-presenting cells in contact with the peptide and T cells in contact with the antigen-presenting cells are useful for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer. It was. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that a recombinant polypeptide prepared based on the amino acid sequence of the CD179b protein can detect cancer because it specifically reacts only with serum in cancer-bearing organisms. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention has the following features.
- polypeptide selected from the following polypeptides (a) to (c) and having immunity-inducing activity, or a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide in vivo: An immunity-inducing agent containing a possible recombinant vector as an active ingredient.
- a polypeptide comprising 7 or more consecutive amino acids in the amino acid sequence represented by an odd SEQ ID No. among SEQ ID Nos. 3 to 95 in the Sequence Listing
- the polypeptide having immunity-inducing activity is a polypeptide comprising 7 or more consecutive amino acids in the amino acid sequence represented by an odd sequence number in SEQ ID NO: 3 to 95 of the sequence listing, or the polypeptide
- the polypeptide having immunity-inducing activity is SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 115, SEQ ID NO: 116 or polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 117, or SEQ ID NO: 108, SEQ ID NO: 109, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 115 of the sequence listing.
- the immunity-inducing agent according to (5) above which is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 116 or SEQ ID NO: 117 as a partial sequence and having 8 to 12 amino acid residues.
- An isolated antigen-presenting cell comprising a complex of the above-described polypeptide having immunity-inducing activity and an HLA molecule.
- polypeptides selected from the following polypeptides (a) to (c) and having immunity-inducing activity, or a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide in vivo: A method of inducing immunity comprising administering a possible recombinant vector to an individual.
- a polypeptide comprising 7 or more consecutive amino acids in the amino acid sequence represented by an odd SEQ ID No. among SEQ ID Nos. 3 to 95 in the Sequence Listing
- a method for detecting cancer which is a method performed on a sample separated from a living body, comprising measuring the expression of at least one polypeptide of (a) to (c) below.
- the measurement of the expression of the polypeptide is carried out by immunoassay of the antibody induced in the living body against the polypeptide to be measured, which can be contained in the sample. Method.
- a method performed on a sample isolated from a living body, which has a base sequence represented by an even sequence number among SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NOs: 4-94 in a sample derived from a cancer patient A method for detecting cancer, comprising examining the expression of a CD179b gene having a coding region and comparing the expression level of the gene in a sample derived from a healthy subject.
- a cancer detection reagent comprising a polypeptide that undergoes an antigen-antibody reaction with an antibody induced in vivo against any of the following polypeptides (a) to (c): (a) a polypeptide comprising 7 or more consecutive amino acids in the amino acid sequence represented by an odd SEQ ID No. among SEQ ID Nos. 3 to 95 in the Sequence Listing (b) A polypeptide having 90% or more sequence identity with the polypeptide (a) and comprising 7 or more amino acids (c) a polypeptide comprising the polypeptide of (a) or (b) as a partial sequence
- the present invention provides a novel immunity-inducing agent useful for cancer treatment and / or prevention.
- a novel immunity-inducing agent useful for cancer treatment and / or prevention.
- immune cells can be induced in the cancer-bearing animal body, and cancer that has already occurred. Can be reduced or retracted.
- the present invention also provides a novel cancer detection method.
- By measuring the expression of the polypeptide in the sample by the method of the present invention it is possible to detect small-sized cancers that are invisible to the eye and cancers in the deep part of the body. It is.
- the method of this invention is utilized for the follow-up of the patient after cancer treatment, the cancer which recurred can also be detected at an early stage.
- it is possible to diagnose the degree of cancer progression such as tumor growth, infiltration into surrounding tissues, and cancer metastasis to lymph nodes and distant organs.
- Reference number 1 the expression pattern of the gene encoding CD179b protein
- Reference number 2 the expression pattern of the GAPDH gene.
- reference number 1 on the vertical axis indicates the expression pattern of the gene identified above
- reference number 2 indicates the expression pattern of the GAPDH gene as a comparative control.
- reference numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 on the horizontal axis represent T2 pulses of the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, and 117, respectively.
- Reference number 11 shows the results for the negative control peptide of SEQ ID NO: 118 (a peptide that is a sequence outside the scope of the present invention).
- reference numbers 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 on the horizontal axis represent HLA stimulated using SEQ ID NOs: 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, and 117, respectively.
- -A0201-positive CD8-positive T cells show cytotoxic activity against Namalwa cells.
- Reference number 20 indicates the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells induced with a negative control peptide (SEQ ID NO: 118).
- SEQ ID NO: 118 a negative control peptide that is a sequence outside the scope of the present invention.
- reference numbers 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 on the horizontal axis represent HLA-A24 positive CD8 by stimulation from JTK-LCL cells pulsed with the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 112, 115, and 116, respectively.
- 1 shows the ability of positive T cells to produce IFN- ⁇ .
- Reference number 26 shows the results for the negative control peptide of SEQ ID NO: 118.
- reference numbers 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31 on the horizontal axis represent JTKs of HLA-A24-positive CD8-positive T cells stimulated with the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 112, 115, and 116, respectively.
- Reference number 32 shows the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells induced with a negative control peptide (SEQ ID NO: 118).
- polypeptide contained as an active ingredient in the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention include one or more polypeptides selected from the following polypeptides (a), (b) and (c). (a) having an amino acid sequence represented by an odd sequence number (ie, sequence number 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,...
- polypeptide refers to a molecule formed by peptide bonding of a plurality of amino acids. Not only a polypeptide molecule having a large number of amino acids but also a low molecular weight having a small number of amino acids. Molecules (oligopeptides) and full-length molecules are also included, and in the present invention, proteins consisting of the full lengths of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,.
- a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 means 176 amino acids having the amino acid sequence of Leu Leu Arg Pro ⁇ (Omitted) shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 ⁇ Ala Glu Cys Ser By a residue size polypeptide is meant.
- polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 may be abbreviated as “polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3”. The same applies to the expression “having a base sequence”.
- immuno-inducing activity means the ability to induce immune cells that secrete cytokines such as interferon in vivo.
- ELISPOT assay a known ELISPOT assay.
- cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells are obtained from a living body administered with a polypeptide whose immunity-inducing activity is to be evaluated, and the cells are referred to as the polypeptide.
- the number of immune cells in the cells can be measured by coculturing and measuring the production amount of cytokines such as IFN- ⁇ and interleukin (IL) and / or chemokines from the cells using a specific antibody.
- cytokines such as IFN- ⁇ and interleukin (IL) and / or chemokines
- a cancer-bearing recombinant polypeptide prepared based on the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95
- the tumor can also be reduced or regressed due to its immunity-inducing activity. Therefore, the above immunity-inducing activity suppresses the growth of cancer cells expressing the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 or suppresses cancer tissue (tumor). It can also be evaluated as the ability to reduce or extinguish (hereinafter referred to as “antitumor activity”).
- the antitumor activity of a polypeptide can be determined by examining whether the tumor is actually reduced or regressed by actually administering the polypeptide to a cancer-bearing animal, as specifically described in the examples below. Can be confirmed.
- T cells stimulated with the polypeptide that is, T cells brought into contact with antigen-presenting cells presenting the polypeptide
- the antitumor activity of the polypeptide can also be evaluated.
- the T cell and the antigen-presenting cell can be contacted by co-culturing both in a liquid medium.
- the cytotoxic activity can be measured by a known method called a 51 Cr release assay described in, for example, Int. J. Cancer, 58: p317,1994.
- the polypeptide When the polypeptide is used for cancer treatment and / or prevention, it is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to evaluate immunity induction activity using antitumor activity as an index.
- the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 of the sequence listing disclosed by the present invention are the same as those in dogs with the same canine mammary carcinoma-derived cDNA library.
- SEREX method using serum a polypeptide that binds to an antibody specifically present in serum derived from a cancer-bearing dog, and the amino acid sequence of CD179b isolated as a human homologous factor (homolog) of the polypeptide Yes (see Example 1 below).
- the polypeptide of the above (a) is 7 or more consecutive in the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, ...
- a polypeptide consisting of 8, 9, or 10 or more consecutive amino acids and having immunity-inducing activity As known in the art, a polypeptide having about 7 amino acid residues or more can exhibit antigenicity and immunogenicity. Therefore, any polypeptide having 7 or more consecutive amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 can have immunity-inducing activity. Therefore, it can be used for the preparation of the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention.
- the polypeptide As a principle of immune induction by administering a cancer antigen polypeptide, the polypeptide is taken up by the antigen-presenting cell, and then undergoes degradation by peptidase in the cell to become a smaller fragment, which is presented on the surface of the cell, It is known that cytotoxic T cells and the like recognize this and selectively kill cells presenting the antigen.
- the size of the polypeptide presented on the surface of the antigen-presenting cell is relatively small, and is about 7 to 30 amino acids. Therefore, from the viewpoint of presentation on antigen-presenting cells, the above-described polypeptide (a) includes the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95.
- One of the preferred embodiments is that it is about 7 to 30 contiguous in the sequence, more preferably it is composed of about 8 to 30 or 9 to 30 amino acids. These relatively small polypeptides may be presented directly on the cell surface on antigen-presenting cells without being taken up into antigen-presenting cells.
- Polypeptides taken up by antigen-presenting cells are cleaved at random positions by peptidases in the cells to generate various polypeptide fragments, and these polypeptide fragments are presented on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, if a polypeptide having a large size, such as the full length region of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95, is administered, Polypeptide fragments effective for immunity induction via antigen-presenting cells are inevitably generated.
- a large-sized polypeptide can also be used for immunity induction via antigen-presenting cells, and the number of amino acids is 30 or more, more preferably 100 or more, more preferably 200 or more, more preferably SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, It is good also as a polypeptide of the full length area
- the polypeptide of the present invention can be used as a verification medium capable of searching for an epitope peptide consisting of 8 to 12, preferably 9 to 10, amino acids having a binding motif of each type of HLA, such as Bioinformatics & Molecular Analysis Selection (BIMAS ) HLA Peptide Binding Predictions (http://bimas.dcrt.nih.gov/molbio/hla_bind/index.html), and peptides that can be epitope peptides can be screened. Specifically, 7 or more consecutive in the region of aa1-34 or a52-75 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 A polypeptide consisting of the amino acids is preferable, and in the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, the polypeptides represented by SEQ ID NOs: 108 to 117 are more preferable.
- BIMAS Bioinformatics & Molecular Analysis Selection
- the polypeptide of (b) is a polypeptide in which a small number of amino acid residues in the polypeptide of (a) are substituted, and / or deleted and / or added and / or inserted, and the original sequence 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, still more preferably 98% or more, 99% or more, or 99.5% or more, and a polypeptide having immunity-inducing activity It is.
- a protein antigen has almost the same antigenicity or immunogenicity as the original protein even when a small number of amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence of the protein are substituted, deleted, added or inserted. It is well known to those skilled in the art.
- polypeptide (b) can also exert immunity-inducing activity, it can be used for the preparation of the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention.
- the polypeptide of (b) above is one to several amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95. It is also preferred that is a substituted, deleted, added and / or inserted polypeptide.
- sequence identity with respect to an amino acid sequence or a base sequence refers to both amino acid sequences (or bases) so that the amino acid residues (or bases) of two amino acid sequences (or base sequences) to be compared match as much as possible. (Or base sequence), and the number of matched amino acid residues (or the number of matched bases) divided by the total number of amino acid residues (or the total number of bases) is expressed as a percentage (%). In the above alignment, a gap is appropriately inserted in one or both of the two sequences to be compared as necessary. Such sequence alignment can be performed using a well-known program such as BLAST, FASTA, CLUSTAL W (Karlin and Altschul, Proc. Natl.
- the total number of amino acid residues is the number of residues (or the number of bases) obtained by counting one gap as one amino acid residue (or base).
- the identity (%) is the total number of amino acid residues (or the longer sequence) (or The total number of bases) is calculated by dividing the number of matched amino acid residues (or the number of bases).
- a preferred substitution is a conservative amino acid substitution.
- the 20 types of amino acids that make up natural proteins are neutral amino acids with low polarity side chains (Gly, Ile, Val, Leu, Ala, Met, Pro), neutral amino acids with hydrophilic side chains (Asn, Gln) , Thr, Ser, Tyr Cys), acidic amino acids (Asp, Glu), basic amino acids (Arg, Lys, His), and aromatic amino acids (Phe, Tyr, Trp, His)
- neutral amino acids with low polarity side chains Gly, Ile, Val, Leu, Ala, Met, Pro
- neutral amino acids with hydrophilic side chains Asn, Gln
- Thr, Ser, Tyr Cys acidic amino acids
- Asp, Glu acidic amino acids
- basic amino acids Arg, Lys, His
- aromatic amino acids Phe, Tyr, Trp, His
- the polypeptide (c) is a polypeptide that contains the polypeptide (a) or (b) as a partial sequence and has immunity-inducing activity. That is, the polypeptide (a) or (b) is a polypeptide in which another amino acid or polypeptide is added to one or both ends of the polypeptide and has immunity-inducing activity.
- a polypeptide can also be used for the preparation of the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention.
- the Fmoc method fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl method
- tBoc method t-butyloxycarbonyl method
- polypeptide synthesized can also synthesize
- a polynucleotide encoding the above polypeptide is prepared, the polynucleotide is incorporated into an expression vector and introduced into a host cell, and the polypeptide is produced in the host cell.
- the desired polypeptide can be obtained.
- the polynucleotide encoding the above polypeptide can be easily prepared by a known genetic engineering technique or a conventional method using a commercially available nucleic acid synthesizer.
- DNA having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is subjected to PCR using a canine chromosomal DNA or cDNA library as a template and a pair of primers designed to amplify the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 4.
- Any DNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 can be similarly prepared by using human chromosomal DNA or cDNA library as the template. PCR reaction conditions can be set as appropriate.
- one cycle of the reaction process consisting of 94 ° C for 30 seconds (denaturation), 55 ° C for 30 seconds to 1 minute (annealing), and 72 ° C for 2 minutes (extension)
- the conditions include, but are not limited to, conditions of reacting at 72 ° C. for 7 minutes after 30 cycles.
- Methods, conditions, etc. of PCR are described, for example, in Ausubel et al., Hor Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, 3rd edition, A compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (1995), John Wiley & Sons ing.
- probes and primers are prepared based on the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence information shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 95 in the sequence listing in the present specification, and cDNAs of humans, dogs, cows, etc. are prepared using them. By screening the library, the desired DNA can be isolated.
- the cDNA library is preferably prepared from cells, organs or tissues expressing the protein of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95. Procedures such as probe or primer preparation, cDNA library construction, cDNA library screening, and gene cloning described above are known to those skilled in the art.
- DNA encoding the polypeptide (a) can be obtained.
- the codons encoding each amino acid are known, the base sequence of a polynucleotide encoding a specific amino acid sequence can be easily specified. Accordingly, since the base sequence of the polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide (b) or the polypeptide (c) described above can be easily specified, such a polynucleotide can also be obtained using a commercially available nucleic acid synthesizer. It can be easily synthesized by conventional methods.
- the host cell may be any cell that can express the polypeptide.
- prokaryotic cells include Escherichia coli
- examples of eukaryotic cells include monkey kidney cells COS 1, Chinese hamster ovary.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, mammalian cultured cells such as cell CHO, human fetal kidney cell line HEK293, mouse fetal skin cell line NIH3T3, budding yeast, fission yeast, silkworm cells, and Xenopus egg cells.
- an expression vector having an origin, a promoter, a ribosome binding site, a multicloning site, a terminator, a drug resistance gene, a nutritional complement gene, etc. that can be replicated in the prokaryotic cell is used as the expression vector.
- Examples of the expression vector for E. coli include pUC system, pBluescriptII, pET expression system, pGEX expression system and the like.
- an expression vector for a eukaryotic cell having a promoter, a splicing region, a poly (A) addition site and the like is used as an expression vector.
- expression vectors include pKA1, pCDM8, pSVK3, pMSG, pSVL, pBK-CMV, pBK-RSV, EBV vector, pRS, pcDNA3, pMSG, pYES2, and the like.
- a DNA encoding the polypeptide is incorporated into such an expression vector, and after transforming a eukaryotic host cell with the vector, the resulting transformant is cultured, and the DNA encodes. Can be expressed in eukaryotic host cells.
- pIND / V5-His, pFLAG-CMV-2, pEGFP-N1, pEGFP-C1, etc. as an expression vector, a His tag (for example, (His) 6 to (His) 10 ), FLAG tag, myc tag
- the polypeptide can be expressed as a fusion protein to which various tags such as HA tag and GFP are added.
- the introduction of the expression vector into the host cell can be performed by a known method such as electroporation, calcium phosphate method, liposome method, DEAE dextran method, microinjection and the like.
- known separation operations can be combined. For example, treatment with denaturing agents and surfactants such as urea, ultrasonic treatment, enzyme digestion, salting out and solvent fractional precipitation, dialysis, centrifugation, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, Examples include, but are not limited to, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, affinity chromatography, and reverse phase chromatography.
- Polypeptides obtained by the above methods include those in the form of fusion proteins with other arbitrary proteins as described above. Examples thereof include glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and a fusion protein with a His tag. Such a polypeptide in the form of a fusion protein is also included in the scope of the present invention as the polypeptide of (c). Furthermore, the polypeptide expressed in the transformed cell may be subjected to various modifications in the cell after being translated. Such post-translationally modified polypeptides are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as they have immunity-inducing activity. Examples of such translation modification include elimination of N-terminal methionine, N-terminal acetylation, sugar chain addition, limited degradation by intracellular protease, myristoylation, isoprenylation, phosphorylation, and the like.
- the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention can be used for treating and / or preventing cancer.
- tumor and cancer refer to malignant neoplasms and are used interchangeably.
- the target cancer is a cancer expressing the CD179b gene, for example, a gene encoding the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95.
- Cancer that is expressed preferably breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma.
- These specific cancers include, for example, breast cancer (breast cancer, complex breast cancer, mammary mixed tumor, intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma, etc.), leukemia (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, etc.), lymphoma (gastrointestinal type) Lymphoma, gastrointestinal lymphoma, small to medium cell lymphoma, etc.), and the like.
- polypeptide or a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide and capable of expressing the polypeptide in vivo can be used as a therapeutic method for immunity induction. It can also be used as a treatment method for the purpose of treating and / or preventing cancer of animals, and can also be used as a treatment method further comprising an immunopotentiator.
- target animals are mammals, for example, mammals including primates, pet animals, domestic animals, sport animals, etc., and humans, dogs and cats are preferable.
- the administration route to the living body of the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention may be oral administration or parenteral administration, but parenteral administration such as intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration and intraarterial administration is preferred.
- parenteral administration such as intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration and intraarterial administration is preferred.
- the immunity-inducing agent When used for the purpose of treating cancer, it can be administered to a regional lymph node in the vicinity of the tumor to be treated, as described in Examples below, in order to enhance the anticancer effect.
- the dose may be an amount effective for inducing immunity.
- the dose may be an amount effective for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer. It can be changed according to the animal's weight, sex (male or female), symptoms and the like.
- the amount effective for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer is appropriately selected according to the size and symptoms of the tumor, but is usually 0.0001 ⁇ g to 1000 ⁇ g, preferably 0.001 ⁇ g It is 1000 ⁇ g and can be administered once or divided into several times. Preferably, it is divided into several times and administered every few days to several months.
- the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention can reduce or regress an already formed tumor. Therefore, since anticancer activity can be exerted on a small number of cancer cells at the early stage of development, onset and recurrence of cancer can be prevented if used before onset of cancer or after treatment of cancer. That is, the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention is useful for both treatment and prevention of cancer.
- the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention may consist only of a polypeptide, or may be appropriately mixed with additives such as pharmacologically acceptable carriers, diluents and excipients suitable for each administration form. It can also be formulated. Formulation methods and usable additives are well known in the field of pharmaceutical formulations, and any method and additive can be used. Specific examples of additives include diluents such as physiological buffers; excipients such as sugar, lactose, corn starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine; syrup, gelatin, gum arabic, sorbitol, polyvinyl chloride, tragacanth, etc.
- additives include diluents such as physiological buffers; excipients such as sugar, lactose, corn starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine; syrup, gelatin, gum arabic, sorbitol, polyvinyl chloride, tragacanth, etc.
- Binders such as: lubricants such as magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, talc and silica, but are not limited thereto.
- examples of the dosage form include oral preparations such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, and syrups, and parenteral preparations such as inhalants, injections, suppositories, and liquids. These preparations can be made by generally known production methods.
- the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention can be used in combination with an immunity enhancing agent capable of enhancing the immunological response in vivo.
- the immunopotentiator may be contained in the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention, or may be administered to a patient in combination with the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention as a separate composition.
- the patient is an animal, particularly a mammal, preferably a human, a dog or a cat.
- the above immunopotentiator examples include an adjuvant.
- Adjuvants provide a reservoir of antigen (extracellular or within macrophages), enhance immunological responses by activating macrophages and stimulating specific sets of lymphocytes, thus enhancing anticancer effects be able to. Therefore, in particular, when the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention is used for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer, it is preferable that the immunity-inducing agent further contains an adjuvant in addition to the above polypeptide as an active ingredient. Many types of adjuvants are well known in the art, and any adjuvant can be used.
- adjuvants include MPL (SmithKline Beecham), Salmonella minnesota Re 595 lipopolysaccharide of the genus Salmonella and the like obtained after acid hydrolysis; QS21 (SmithKline Beecham), pure purified from Quillja saponaria extract QA-21 saponin; DQS21 described in PCT application WO96 / 33739 (SmithKline Beecham); QS-7, QS-17, QS-18 and QS-L1 (So et al., Molecules and Cells, 1997, Vol. 7, p.
- Freund's incomplete adjuvant Freund's complete adjuvant; Vitamin E; Montanide; Alum; CpG oligonucleotides (eg, Kreig et al., Nature, 374, p.546-549); Poly IC and its Various water-in-oil solutions prepared from derivatives (such as poly ICLC) and biodegradable oils such as squalene and / or tocopherols Maruchon, etc.
- Freund's incomplete adjuvant, montanide, poly IC and derivatives thereof, and CpG oligonucleotides are preferred.
- the mixing ratio of the adjuvant to the polypeptide is typically about 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably about 1: 5 to 5: 1, more preferably about 1: 1.
- the adjuvant is not limited to the above examples, and other adjuvants known in the art may be used when administering the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention (for example, Goding, Monoclonal Antibodies: Principles and Practice, No. 2). Edition, 1986). Methods for preparing polypeptide and adjuvant mixtures or emulsions are well known to those skilled in vaccination.
- factors that stimulate the immune response of the subject can also be used as the immune enhancer.
- various cytokines having the property of stimulating lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells can be used in combination with the immune inducer of the present invention as an immune enhancer.
- Numerous cytokines capable of enhancing such immunological responses are known to those skilled in the art, such as interleukin-12 (IL-12), which has been shown to enhance the protective effects of vaccines, Examples include, but are not limited to, GM-CSF, IL-18, interferon ⁇ , interferon ⁇ , interferon ⁇ , interferon ⁇ , and Flt3 ligand.
- IL-12 interleukin-12
- Such factors can also be used as the above-mentioned immunity enhancing agent, and can be administered to patients in the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention or in combination with the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention as a separate composition.
- the polypeptide used in the present invention and antigen-presenting cells can be brought into contact with each other in vitro to present the polypeptide to antigen-presenting cells. That is, the above-described polypeptides (a) to (c) can be used as a treatment agent for antigen-presenting cells.
- antigen-presenting cells include dendritic cells, B cells and macrophages, and dendritic cells or B cells carrying MHC class I molecules can be preferably used.
- the treatment agent refers to an agent that pulses antigen-presenting cells, and the pulsed antigen-presenting cells can be used as a vaccine because they can have the ability to stimulate peripheral blood lymphocytes.
- HLA class I molecules have been identified and are well known. MHC molecules in humans are called HLA.
- HLA class I molecules include HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C. More specifically, HLA-A1, HLA-A0201, HLA-A0204, HLA-A0205, HLA-A0206, HLA-A0207, HLA-A11, HLA-A24, HLA-A31, HLA-A6801, HLA-B7, HLA-B8, HLA-B2705, HLA-B37, HLA-Cw0401, HLA-Cw0602, and the like.
- Dendritic cells or B cells carrying MHC class I molecules can be prepared from peripheral blood by well-known methods. For example, dendritic cells are induced from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or patient peripheral blood using granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-3 (or IL-4), and tumor-related peptides are introduced into the culture system. Can be added to induce tumor-specific dendritic cells.
- GM-CSF granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
- IL-3 or IL-4
- Peripheral blood or bone marrow may be a fresh sample, a cryopreserved sample, or a cryopreserved sample.
- whole blood may be cultured, or only the leukocyte component may be separated and cultured, but the latter is more efficient and preferable.
- mononuclear cells may be separated among the leukocyte components.
- the whole cells constituting the bone marrow may be cultured, or mononuclear cells may be separated and cultured from this.
- Peripheral blood, its white blood cell components, and bone marrow cells include mononuclear cells, hematopoietic stem cells, immature dendritic cells, CD4 positive cells, and the like that are the origin of dendritic cells.
- the cytokine used has a property that has been confirmed to be safe and physiologically active, it does not matter whether it is a natural type or a genetically engineered type, and its production method is preferably ensured. Are used in the minimum amount required.
- the concentration of cytokine to be added is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentration at which dendritic cells are induced, and is usually preferably about 10 to 1000 ng / mL, more preferably about 20 to 500 ng / mL in terms of the total concentration of cytokines.
- the culture can be performed using a well-known medium usually used for culturing leukocytes.
- the culture temperature is not particularly limited as long as leukocyte growth is possible, but is most preferably about 37 ° C. which is the human body temperature.
- the gas environment during the culture is not particularly limited as long as leukocytes can grow, but it is preferable to aerate 5% CO 2 .
- the culture period is not particularly limited as long as a necessary number of cells are induced, but it is usually performed for 3 days to 2 weeks.
- a device used for cell separation and culture an appropriate device can be used as appropriate, but it is preferable that safety is confirmed for medical use and that the operation is stable and simple.
- stacked containers, multistage containers, roller bottles, spinner bottles, bag-type incubators, hollow fiber columns, etc. can be used regardless of general containers such as petri dishes, flasks, and bottles. .
- the method of bringing the polypeptide into contact with the antigen-presenting cell in vitro can be performed by a well-known method. For example, it can be performed by culturing antigen-presenting cells in a culture solution containing the polypeptide.
- the peptide concentration in the medium is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1 ⁇ g / ml to 100 ⁇ g / ml, preferably about 5 ⁇ g / ml to 20 ⁇ g / ml.
- the cell density at the time of culture is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10 3 cells / ml to 10 7 cells / ml, preferably about 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells / ml to 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml.
- Cultivation is preferably carried out in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 atmosphere according to a conventional method.
- the length of the peptide that can be presented on the surface by antigen-presenting cells is usually about 30 amino acid residues at the maximum. Therefore, although not particularly limited, when the antigen-presenting cell and the polypeptide are contacted in vitro, the polypeptide may be prepared to a length of about 30 amino acid residues or less.
- an isolated antigen-presenting cell containing a complex of the polypeptide and MHC molecule can be prepared using the polypeptide.
- Such antigen-presenting cells can present the polypeptide to T cells in vivo or in vitro, and induce and proliferate cytotoxic T cells specific for the polypeptide.
- Antigen-presenting cells containing the above-described polypeptide and MHC molecule complex prepared as described above are contacted with T cells in vitro to induce cytotoxic T cells specific for the polypeptide. And can be grown. This can be done by co-culturing the antigen-presenting cells and T cells in a liquid medium. For example, it can be carried out by suspending antigen-presenting cells in a liquid medium, placing them in a container such as a well of a microplate, adding T cells thereto, and culturing.
- the mixing ratio of antigen-presenting cells and T cells during co-culture is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1: 1 to 1: 100, preferably about 1: 5 to 1:20 in terms of the number of cells.
- the density of antigen-presenting cells suspended in the liquid medium is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1 to 10 million cells / ml, preferably about 10,000 to 1 million cells / ml.
- the coculture is preferably performed in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 atmosphere according to a conventional method.
- the culture time is not particularly limited, but is usually 2 days to 3 weeks, preferably about 4 days to 2 weeks.
- the coculture is preferably performed in the presence of one or more interleukins such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-7 and IL-12.
- the concentration of IL-2 and IL-7 is usually about 5 U / ml to about 20 U / ml
- the concentration of IL-6 is usually about 500 U / ml to about 2000 U / ml
- the concentration of IL-12 is usually about Although it is about 5 ng / ml to 20 ng / ml, it is not limited to these.
- “U” represents an active unit.
- the above co-culture may be repeated once to several times by adding fresh antigen-presenting cells. For example, the operation of discarding the culture supernatant after co-culture, adding a fresh antigen-presenting cell suspension, and further co-culturing may be repeated once to several times. The conditions for each co-culture may be the same as described above.
- cytotoxic T cells specific for the polypeptide are induced and proliferated. Therefore, an isolated T cell that selectively binds the complex of the polypeptide and the MHC molecule can be prepared using the polypeptide.
- the gene encoding the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 is present in breast cancer cells, leukemia cells and lymphoma cells. It is expressed specifically. Therefore, in these cancer types, it is considered that the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 is significantly present more than normal cells.
- Sex T cells can damage cancer cells.
- the antigen-presenting cells presenting the polypeptide can induce and proliferate cytotoxic T cells specific for the polypeptide in vivo, the antigen-presenting cells are administered in vivo. In some cases, cancer cells can be damaged. That is, the cytotoxic T cell and the antigen-presenting cell prepared using the polypeptide are also useful as a cancer treatment and / or prevention agent, like the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention.
- the administration route of the therapeutic and / or prophylactic agent for cancer containing antigen-presenting cells or isolated T cells as an active ingredient is preferably parenteral administration such as intravenous administration or intraarterial administration.
- the dosage is appropriately selected according to the symptoms and purpose of administration, and is usually 1 to 10 trillion, preferably 1 million to 1 billion, and this is once every few days to several months. Administration is preferred.
- the preparation may be, for example, one in which cells are suspended in physiological buffer saline, and can be used in combination with other anticancer agents, cytokines, and the like.
- one or two or more additives well known in the pharmaceutical field can be added.
- the immunity-inducing agent of the present invention contains a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of (a), (b) and (c) above, and an effective component is a recombinant vector capable of expressing the polypeptide in vivo. May be included.
- a recombinant vector capable of expressing an antigen polypeptide is also called a gene vaccine.
- the vector used for producing the gene vaccine is not particularly limited as long as it can be expressed in the target animal cell (preferably in the mammalian cell), and may be a plasmid vector or a virus vector, and is known in the field of gene vaccines. Any of these vectors may be used.
- a polynucleotide such as DNA or RNA encoding the polypeptide can be easily prepared by a conventional method.
- the polynucleotide can be incorporated into a vector by a method well known to those skilled in the art.
- the administration route of the gene vaccine is preferably a parenteral administration route such as intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration or intraarterial administration, and the dosage can be appropriately selected according to the type of antigen and the like.
- the weight of the gene vaccine is about 0.1 ⁇ g to 100 mg, preferably about 1 ⁇ g to 10 mg per kg body weight.
- a polynucleotide encoding the above polypeptide in RNA virus or DNA virus such as retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, herpes virus, vaccinia virus, poxvirus, poliovirus, Sindbis virus, etc. And a method for infecting a target animal with this.
- retroviruses, adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, vaccinia viruses and the like are particularly preferred.
- Examples of other methods include a method in which an expression plasmid is directly administered into muscle (DNA vaccine method), a liposome method, a lipofectin method, a microinjection method, a calcium phosphate method, an electroporation method, and the like. The method is preferred.
- an in vivo method of directly introducing the gene into the body, and collecting a certain cell from the target animal and excluding the gene outside the body There is an ex vivo method for introducing cells into the body (Nikkei Science, April 1994, p20-45, Monthly Pharmaceutical Affairs, 1994, Vol. 36, No. 1, p.23-48, Experimental Medicine Special Issue) 1994, Vol. 12, No. 15, and references cited therein).
- the in vivo method is more preferred.
- the in vivo method When administered by the in vivo method, it can be administered by an appropriate administration route according to the disease, symptoms, etc. for the purpose of treatment. For example, it can be administered intravenously, artery, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or directly to the affected area where the tumor is present.
- it When administered by the in vivo method, for example, it can be in the form of a preparation such as a liquid, but is generally an injection containing the DNA encoding the peptide of the present invention, which is an active ingredient.
- customary carriers may be added.
- the liposome or membrane-fused liposome containing the DNA can be in the form of a liposome preparation such as a suspending agent, a freezing agent, or a centrifugal concentrated freezing agent.
- base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 includes the base sequence actually shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 as well as a complementary sequence thereto. Therefore, when saying “polynucleotide having the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1”, the single-stranded polynucleotide having the base sequence actually shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, its complementary base sequence Single-stranded polynucleotides having and double-stranded polynucleotides comprising these are included.
- any base sequence is appropriately selected, but those skilled in the art can easily select it.
- the expression of the polypeptide used in the present invention is measured using a sample separated from a living body.
- a method for measuring the expression of a polypeptide using the above sample a method for immunoassay of an antibody against the polypeptide contained in the sample (first method), and an immunoassay for the polypeptide itself contained in the sample And a method for measuring mRNA encoding the polypeptide contained in the sample (third method).
- polypeptide expression may be measured by any of these methods.
- the term “measurement” includes any of detection, quantification, and semi-quantification.
- CD179b is a polypeptide that binds to an antibody (cancer-specific antibody) specifically present in serum derived from a cancer-bearing dog by the SEREX method using serum from the same dog as the canine breast cancer-derived cDNA library.
- an antibody against CD179b is specifically induced in cancer-bearing dogs. Therefore, a cancer expressing CD179b can also be detected by measuring an antibody against CD179b in a cancer-bearing living body (see Example 7).
- canine cancer can also be detected by measuring CD179b as an antigen by the second method.
- mRNA encoding the antigen polypeptide is significantly higher than normal tissues in cancer, particularly breast cancer and leukemia cells (see Example 1).
- Canine cancer can also be detected by measurement.
- CD179b is known to be expressed on the membrane surface of B cell progenitor cells (pre-B cells), and thus leukemia (pre-B cell leukemia) in which pre-B cells have become cancerous. It has been reported for the first time in the present invention that it has been reported to be expressed in cells but is expressed in leukemia cells and breast cancer cells other than pre-B cell leukemia cells. As a result, by examining the expression of CD179b, it became possible to detect leukemia, lymphoma and breast cancer other than pre-B cell leukemia cells.
- the cancer-specific antibody that can be present in the sample can be easily measured by immunoassay using an antigen substance that reacts with the antibody by antigen-antibody reaction.
- the immunoassay method itself is a well-known conventional method as described in detail below.
- the above-mentioned polypeptides (a) to (c) can be used as an antigen substance for immunoassay.
- antibodies are cross-reactive, and even molecules other than the antigenic substance that actually became the immunogen can be used as immunogens if a structure similar to the epitope of the immunogen exists on the molecule. It can bind to the antibody induced against it by an antigen-antibody reaction.
- polypeptides having high amino acid sequence homology often have similar epitope structures, in which case they may exhibit the same antigenicity.
- the human-derived polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3 reacts with the above antibody induced in the cancer-bearing dog by antigen-antibody reaction. Therefore, in the first method of the present invention, a homologous factor derived from any mammal can be used as an antigen for immunoassay.
- an antigenic substance having a complex structure such as a protein having a large molecular weight
- a plurality of sites having different structures exist on the molecule.
- an antibody produced in vivo against an antigenic substance such as a protein is a polyclonal antibody that is a mixture of a plurality of types of antibodies.
- the term “polyclonal antibody” refers to an antibody that is present in serum derived from a living body containing an antigen substance in the body and that is induced in the living body with respect to the antigen substance.
- Immunoassays themselves are well known in this field, and classified by reaction mode include sandwich method, competition method, agglutination method, Western blot method and the like.
- classification by label includes radioimmunoassay, fluorescent immunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, biotin immunoassay, and the like, and any method can be used to perform immunoassay of the antibody.
- the sandwich ELISA and the agglutination method can be preferably applied as an immunoassay method for the above-described antibody in the method of the present invention because it is easy to operate and does not require a large-scale apparatus.
- an enzyme When an enzyme is used as a label for an antibody, the enzyme is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies conditions such as a large turnover number, stability even when bound to an antibody, and specific coloring of a substrate.
- conditions such as a large turnover number, stability even when bound to an antibody, and specific coloring of a substrate.
- an enzyme inhibitor, a coenzyme, etc. can also be used.
- These enzymes and antibodies can be bound by a known method using a crosslinking agent such as a maleimide compound.
- a known substance can be used according to the type of enzyme used.
- the enzyme 33 ′, 5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine can be used, and when alkaline phosphatase is used as the enzyme, paranitrolphenol or the like can be used.
- the radioisotope those usually used in radioimmunoassay such as 125 I and 3 H can be used.
- the fluorescent dye those used in usual fluorescent antibody methods such as fluoroless isothiocyanate (FITC) and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC) can be used.
- FITC fluoroless isothiocyanate
- TRITC tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate
- the polypeptide used as an antigen is immobilized on a solid phase and serum or the like is used. Then, after washing, an appropriate secondary antibody is reacted. After washing, the secondary antibody bound to the solid phase is measured. Since the unbound secondary antibody can be easily removed by immobilizing the antigen polypeptide to the solid phase, it is preferable as an embodiment of the cancer detection method of the present invention.
- the secondary antibody for example, if the sample is derived from a dog, an anti-dog IgG antibody can be used. By labeling the secondary antibody with the labeling substance exemplified above, the secondary antibody bound to the solid phase can be measured.
- the amount of secondary antibody measured in this way corresponds to the amount of antibody in the serum sample.
- an enzyme used as the labeling substance
- the amount of antibody can be measured by adding a substrate that develops color by degradation by enzymatic action and optically measuring the amount of degradation of the substrate.
- a radioisotope used as the labeling substance
- the radiation dose emitted by the radioisotope can be measured with a scintillation counter or the like.
- the polypeptide represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 that can be contained in a sample obtained from a living body is measured.
- a cancer-specific antibody reacting with an antigen-antibody with the polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 or a homologous factor thereof.
- the amount is significantly high, this indicates that the production amount of these polypeptides or their homologous factors as antigens of the cancer-specific antibody is significantly high in cancer patients. Therefore, by measuring the polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or 95 or a homologous factor thereof, as in the first method, Cancer in the body can be detected.
- Measurement of a polypeptide in a sample can be easily performed by a well-known immunoassay method.
- an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that undergoes an antigen-antibody reaction with a polypeptide comprising the sequence represented by an odd sequence number among SEQ ID NOs: 3 to 95 or a homologous factor thereof is prepared and used.
- an immunoassay a polypeptide consisting of the sequence represented by an odd sequence number among SEQ ID NOs: 3 to 95 that may be present in a sample or a homologous factor thereof can be measured.
- the immunoassay method itself is a well-known conventional method as described above.
- an antibody fragment such as Fab fragments or F (ab ') 2 fragment contained in an antibody molecule is meant an antibody fragment capable of binding to the antigen.
- the antibody may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody, but a monoclonal antibody with high reproducibility is preferred for immunoassay and the like.
- Methods for preparing polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies using a polypeptide as an immunogen are well known and can be easily performed by conventional methods. For example, an antibody against a polypeptide can be induced by immunizing an animal with an adjuvant using a polypeptide bound to a carrier protein such as keyhole limpet hemocyan (KLH) or casein as an immunogen. .
- KLH keyhole limpet hemocyan
- Hybridomas are prepared by fusing antibody-producing cells such as spleen cells and lymphocytes collected from immunized animals with myeloma cells, and SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,... 93 or A hybridoma that produces an antibody that binds to the polypeptide shown in 95 or its homologous factor can be selected and grown to obtain a monoclonal antibody using the protein as a corresponding antigen from the culture supernatant.
- the above method is a well-known ordinary method.
- mRNA encoding CD179b that can be contained in a sample obtained from a living body is measured.
- mRNA encoding CD179b is significantly highly expressed in cancer, particularly breast cancer and leukemia cells. Therefore, in vivo cancer can also be detected by measuring the mRNA in the sample.
- the detection method of the present invention based on the expression level of the polypeptide measured as described above, it is determined whether or not the target living body has cancer.
- detection of cancer is possible only by measuring the expression of the polypeptide in the target living body, from the viewpoint of improving the detection accuracy, the expression level of the polypeptide (antibody amount, polypeptide amount) in one or more healthy subjects samples.
- examine the polypeptide expression level for samples obtained from a large number of patients who are known to have cancer obtain the cancer patient reference value, and obtain the measured value of the target organism.
- the reference value can be determined, for example, by digitizing the polypeptide expression level in each sample and calculating the average value.
- the healthy subject reference value and the cancer patient reference value can be determined in advance by examining the polypeptide expression level for a large number of healthy subjects and cancer patients. Therefore, when comparing with a reference value by the method of the present invention, a predetermined reference value may be used.
- detection by other cancer antigens or cancer markers may be used in combination. Thereby, the detection accuracy of cancer can further be improved.
- cancer in vivo can be detected.
- a tumor of a small size that cannot be seen by the eye or a tumor in the deep part of the body can be detected, which is useful for early detection of cancer.
- the detection method of the present invention is applied to a patient who is being followed up after treatment for cancer, the cancer can be detected at an early stage when the cancer recurs.
- the amount of accumulation of the polypeptide and its mRNA in the organism increases as the number of cancer cells that express the predetermined polypeptide to be measured in the present invention increases. Many antibodies against the polypeptide are produced.
- the number of cancer cells decreases, the amount of the polypeptide and its mRNA accumulated in vivo decreases, and the antibody against the polypeptide in serum decreases. Therefore, when the expression level of the predetermined polypeptide is large, it can be determined that tumor growth or cancer metastasis has occurred, that is, the degree of progression of cancer has progressed.
- the amount of the antibody is significantly higher in the malignant type than in the benign type. Therefore, when the expression level of the predetermined polypeptide is large, it can be determined that the malignancy of cancer is higher. That is, according to the method of the present invention, the malignancy of cancer can also be detected.
- the therapeutic effect of cancer can be monitored using the increase or decrease in the expression level of the predetermined polypeptide as an index. Therefore, by observing the expression level of the above polypeptide during and after cancer treatment, clues to quickly know the therapeutic effects of anticancer agents, the presence or absence of residual tumor after tumor removal, and even follow-up observation of metastasis / recurrence Is obtained. If it is properly treated, the expression level of the polypeptide will be lower than that of the cancer-bearing state before treatment, so it should be judged that the effect of the treatment performed on the living body is good. Can do.
- the expression level of the polypeptide is increased or maintained, or if it further increases after decreasing, it can be determined that the therapeutic effect is insufficient, and changes to other treatment methods or administration of anticancer agents It is a useful judgment material for selecting a treatment method such as changing the amount.
- the cancer to be targeted by the cancer detection method of the present invention is a cancer that expresses CD179b (excluding pre-B cell type), breast cancer, composite breast cancer, mixed breast malignant tumor, Intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma, leukemia (preferably chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but excluding pre-B cells) lymphoma (preferably gastrointestinal lymphoma, digestive lymphoma, small to medium cell lymphoma, medium Cell type lymphoma or multicentric lymphoma except for pre-B cell type), but is not limited thereto.
- the living body which is the object of the method of the present invention is a mammal, and preferably a human, a dog or a cat.
- Specimens used in the method of the present invention include blood, serum, plasma, ascites, pleural effusion and other body fluids, tissues, and cells.
- serum, plasma, ascites and pleural effusion can be preferably used in the first method and the second method, and a tissue sample and a cell sample are preferable in the third method for measuring mRNA. .
- the above-described polypeptide used as an antigen for immunoassay in the first method can be provided as a cancer detection reagent.
- the reagent may be composed only of the above polypeptide, and may contain various additives useful for stabilizing the polypeptide.
- the reagent can also be provided in a state immobilized on a solid phase such as a plate or a membrane.
- the polypeptide used in immunoassay of the polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, ... 93 or 95 or a homologous factor thereof in the second method An antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that reacts with a homologous factor by an antigen-antibody reaction can also be provided as a cancer detection reagent.
- the cancer detection reagent in this case may also consist only of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment, and may contain various additives useful for stabilizing the antibody or antigen-binding fragment. Good.
- the antibody or antigen-binding fragment may be one obtained by binding a metal such as manganese or iron. When such a metal-binding antibody or antigen-binding fragment is administered into the body, a larger amount of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment accumulates at a site where more antigenic protein is present. The presence of cancer cells that produce the protein can be detected.
- the above-mentioned cancer detection polynucleotide used for mRNA measurement by the third method can also be provided as a cancer detection reagent.
- the cancer detection reagent may be composed of only the polynucleotide, and may contain various additives useful for stabilizing the polynucleotide.
- the cancer detection polynucleotide contained in the reagent is preferably a primer or a probe.
- Example 1 Acquisition of a novel cancer antigen protein by SEREX method (1) Preparation of cDNA library Total RNA by the acid-guanidium-phenol-chloroform method (Acid guanidium-Phenol-Chloroform method) from canine mammary cancer tissues excised by surgery The polyA RNA was purified using Oligotex-dT30 mRNA purification Kit (Takara Shuzo) according to the protocol attached to the kit.
- a canine mammary carcinoma-derived cDNA phage library was synthesized using the obtained mRNA (5 ⁇ g).
- the cDNA phage library was prepared using cDNA Synthesis Kit, ZAP-cDNA Synthesis Kit, and ZAP-cDNA Gigapack III Gold Cloning Kit (manufactured by STRATAGENE) according to the protocol attached to the kit.
- the size of the prepared cDNA phage library was 2.99 ⁇ 10 5 pfu / ml.
- the membrane was recovered, immersed in TBS (10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl pH 7.5) containing 0.5% nonfat dry milk, and shaken at 4 ° C. overnight to suppress nonspecific reaction.
- TBS 10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl pH 7.5
- This filter was reacted with serum of a patient dog diluted 500 times at room temperature for 2 to 3 hours.
- the serum pretreatment method is as follows. That is, ⁇ ZAP Express phage into which no foreign gene was inserted was infected with host E. coli (XL1-BLue MRF ′) and then cultured overnight at 37 ° C. on NZY plate medium. Next, 0.2 M NaHCO 3 pH 8.3 buffer containing 0.5 M NaCl was added to the plate, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 15 hours, and then the supernatant was recovered as an E.
- E. coli / phage extract was passed through an NHS-column (GE Healthecare Bio-Science) to immobilize the E. coli / phage derived protein.
- Serum dog serum was passed through this protein-immobilized column and reacted, and antibodies adsorbed to E. coli and phage were removed from the serum.
- the serum fraction passed through the column was diluted 500 times with TBS containing 0.5% nonfat dry milk, and this was used as an immunoscreening material.
- the membrane on which the treated serum and the fusion protein were blotted was washed 4 times with TBS-T (0.05% Tween20 / TBS), and then diluted 5000 times with TBS containing 0.5% nonfat dry milk as a secondary antibody.
- phagemid solution 200 ⁇ l of a phagemid host Escherichia coli (SOLR) solution having an absorbance OD 600 of 1.0 was mixed with 10 ⁇ l of the purified phage solution and reacted at 37 ° C. for 15 minutes, and 50 ⁇ l was treated with ampicillin (final concentration 50 ⁇ g / ml). ) Seeded on LB agar medium and cultured overnight at 37 ° C.
- SOLR phagemid host Escherichia coli
- a single colony of transformed SOLR is collected and cultured at 37 ° C in LB medium containing ampicillin (final concentration 50 ⁇ g / ml), and then the plasmid DNA having the target insert is purified using the QIAGEN plasmid Miniprep Kit (Qiagen). did.
- the purified plasmid was analyzed for the full-length insert sequence by the primer walking method using the T3 primer set forth in SEQ ID NO: 96 and the T7 primer set forth in SEQ ID NO: 97.
- the gene sequences described in the even numbers of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 92 were obtained.
- a homologous search program BLAST search http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) is carried out using the base sequence and amino acid sequence of this gene (odd numbers of SEQ ID NOs: 5 to 93) and known genes
- BLAST search http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/
- the homology among the 45 genes was 94 to 99% of the nucleotide sequence and 96 to 99% of the amino acid sequence.
- the homology of this gene with the gene encoding the human homologous factor was 62 to 82% of the base sequence and 69 to 80% of the amino acid sequence in the region translated into the protein.
- the base sequence of the human homologous factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the amino acid sequences are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 3.
- the homology of this gene with the gene encoding the bovine homologous factor was 68 to 82% of the nucleotide sequence and 56 to 77% of the amino acid sequence in the region translated into protein.
- the base sequence of the bovine homologous factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 94, and the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 95.
- the homology between the gene encoding the human homologous factor and the gene encoding the bovine homologous factor was 62% for the nucleotide sequence and 72% for the amino acid sequence in the region translated into the protein.
- Gene pool cDNA (manufactured by Invitrogen), QUICK-Clone cDNA (manufactured by Clontech), and Large-Insert cDNA Library (manufactured by Clontech) were used as cDNAs for normal human tissues (brain, hippocampus, testis, colon, placenta). .
- the PCR reaction was performed as follows using a primer specific for the obtained canine gene (described in SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 99) and a primer specific for the human homologous gene (described in SEQ ID NOs: 100 and 101).
- the gene-specific primers having the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 99 are those that amplify numbers 32 to 341 in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, A region common to all of the canine CD179b genes shown was amplified.
- the gene-specific primer having the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 100 and 101 amplifies the region of the 216th to 738th bases in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- GAPDH specific primers (described in SEQ ID NOs: 102 and 103) were also used. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- the obtained canine gene was not expressed at all in healthy dog tissues, whereas strong expression was seen in canine breast cancer tissues.
- human homologous gene expression only bone marrow was confirmed in normal human tissues.
- Human cancer cells detected expression in leukemia and breast cancer cell lines, and CD179b was specific to leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. It was confirmed that it was expressed.
- reference number 1 on the vertical axis indicates the expression pattern of the gene identified above, and reference number 2 indicates the expression pattern of the GAPDH gene as a comparison control.
- Example 2 Production of a novel canine and human cancer antigen protein (1) Production of recombinant protein Based on the gene of SEQ ID NO: 4 obtained in Example 1, a recombinant protein was produced by the following method. For PCR, 1 ⁇ l of a vector prepared from the phagemid solution obtained in Example 1 and subjected to sequence analysis was used, and two types of primers containing NdeI and KpnI restriction enzyme cleavage sequences (described in SEQ ID NOs: 104 and 105) were each 0.4 ⁇ M.
- the purified DNA fragment was ligated to a cloning vector pCR-Blunt (manufactured by Invitrogen). After transforming this into E. coli, the plasmid was recovered, and it was confirmed by sequencing that the amplified gene fragment matched the target sequence.
- the plasmid corresponding to the target sequence was treated with NdeI and KpnI restriction enzymes, purified with QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit, and then inserted into the expression vector pET30b for Escherichia coli treated with NdeI and KpnI restriction enzymes (Novagen) . By using this vector, a His-tagged recombinant protein can be produced.
- This plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) for expression, and the target protein was expressed in E. coli by inducing expression with 1 mM IPTG.
- a recombinant protein of human homologous gene was prepared by the following method.
- PCR 1 ⁇ l of cDNA that was confirmed to be expressed by RT-PCR method from various tissue and cell cDNAs prepared in Example 1 and two primers containing EcoRI and SalI restriction enzyme cleavage sequences (described in SEQ ID NOs: 106 and 107).
- Each 0.4 ⁇ M, 0.2mM dNTP, 1.25U PrimeSTAR HS polymerase (Takara Shuzo) add each reagent and attached buffer to make a total volume of 50 ⁇ l, and use Thermal Cycler (BIO RAD). The cycle of 98 ° C. to 10 seconds and 68 ° C.
- the two types of primers were those that amplify the region encoding the entire amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3. After PCR, the amplified DNA was electrophoresed on a 2% agarose gel, and a DNA fragment of about 540 bp was purified using QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (manufactured by QIAGEN).
- the purified DNA fragment was ligated to a cloning vector pCR-Blunt (manufactured by Invitrogen). After transforming this into E. coli, the plasmid was recovered, and it was confirmed by sequencing that the amplified gene fragment matched the target sequence.
- the plasmid corresponding to the target sequence was treated with EcoRI and SalI restriction enzymes, purified with QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit, and then inserted into the expression vector pET30a (manufactured by Novagen) for Escherichia coli treated with EcoRI and SalI restriction enzymes. .
- This vector a His-tagged recombinant protein can be produced.
- This plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) for expression, and the target protein was expressed in E. coli by inducing expression with 1 mM IPTG.
- the cells were suspended in phosphate buffered physiological saline and sonicated on ice.
- the E. coli sonication solution was centrifuged at 7000 rpm for 20 minutes, and the resulting supernatant was used as a soluble fraction and the precipitate was used as an insoluble fraction.
- the insoluble fraction was suspended in 4% Triton-X100 solution and centrifuged at 7000 rpm for 20 minutes. This procedure was repeated twice to perform a protease removal operation.
- the residue was suspended in 6 mM guanidine hydrochloride-containing 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) and allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 20 hours to denature the protein. After this denaturation operation, the soluble fraction obtained by centrifuging at 7000 rpm for 20 minutes was prepared in accordance with a nickel chelate column (carrier: Chelateing Sepharose TM Fast Flow (GE Health ⁇ Care)), column volume 5 mL, equilibration buffer Solution: 6M guanidine hydrochloride-containing 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.0)).
- 200 ⁇ l of the purified sample obtained by the above method was dispensed into 1 ml of a reaction buffer solution (20 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM CaCl 2 pH 7.4), and then enterokinase (Novagen) ) After 2 ⁇ l was added, the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight and reacted, the His tag was cleaved, and purified using the Enterokinase Cleavage Capture Kit (Novagen) according to the attached protocol.
- a reaction buffer solution (20 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM CaCl 2 pH 7.4
- enterokinase Novagen
- Example 3 Administration test of a recombinant protein to a cancer-bearing dog (1) Antitumor evaluation Evaluation of the antitumor effect of the recombinant protein purified above on a cancer-bearing dog (breast cancer) having a tumor on the epidermis Went.
- a cancer therapeutic agent was prepared by mixing 100 ⁇ g (0.5 ml) of the recombinant polypeptide purified as described above with an equal amount of incomplete Freund's adjuvant (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). This was administered a total of 3 times to the regional lymph nodes near the tumor 3 days and 7 days after the initial administration. As a result, a tumor having a size of about 55 mm 3 at the time of administration of the cancer therapeutic agent was changed to 30 mm 3 after 10 days from the initial administration of the cancer therapeutic agent, to 16 mm 3 after 20 days, and to 10 mm 3 after 30 days. Reduced to
- each canine peripheral blood mononuclear cell suspended in RPMI medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum was added to the plate at 5x10 5 cells / well, and the dog-derived polypeptide used for each administration or human-derived Interferon ⁇ was produced from immune cells that could be present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by adding 10 ⁇ L / well of the polypeptide and culturing under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 for 24 hours. After culturing, the medium was removed, and the wells were washed 6 times with a washing solution (0.1% Tween 20-200 mM Sodium Bicarbonate (pH 8.2)).
- Rabbit anti-dog polyclonal antibody diluted 1000 times with the blocking solution was added to each well in an amount of 100 ⁇ L and incubated at 4 ° C. overnight. After washing the well three times with the washing solution, 100 ⁇ L of HRP-labeled anti-rabbit antibody diluted 1000 times with the blocking solution was added to each well and reacted at 37 ° C. for 2 hours. After washing the well three times with the above washing solution, color was developed with Konica Immunostain (manufactured by Konica), and the well was washed with water to stop the reaction. After stopping the reaction, the membrane was dried, and the number of spots that appeared using KS Elispot (manufactured by Carl Zeitz) was counted.
- Konica Immunostain manufactured by Konica
- Example 4 Induction of CD179b-derived peptide epitope-reactive CD8-positive T cells (1) Prediction of peptide motif binding to HLA-A0201 and HLA-A24 Information on the amino acid sequence of human CD179b protein was obtained from GenBank.
- Peripheral blood was isolated from HLA-A0201-positive healthy individuals, layered on a Lymphocyte separation medium (OrganonpTeknika, Durham, NC), and centrifuged at 1,500 rpm for 20 minutes at room temperature. did. Fractions containing PBMC were collected and washed three times (or more) in cold phosphate buffer to obtain peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The obtained PBMC was suspended in 20 ml of AIM-V medium (manufactured by Life Technololgies) and allowed to adhere in a culture flask (manufactured by Falcon) for 2 hours under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 . Non-adherent cells were used for T cell preparation, and adherent cells were used to prepare dendritic cells.
- AIM-V medium manufactured by Life Technololgies
- Adherent cells were cultured in the presence of IL-4 (1000 U / ml) and GM-CSF (1000 U / ml) in AIM-V medium. 6 days later, IL-4 (1000 U / ml), GM-CSF (1000 U / ml), IL-6 (1000 U / ml, Genzyme, Cambridge, MA), IL-1 ⁇ (10 ng / ml, Genzyme, Cambridge, MA)
- the non-adherent cell population obtained after replacement for AIM-V medium supplemented with TNF- ⁇ (10 ng / ml, Genzyme, Cambridge, MA) and further cultured for 2 days was used as dendritic cells.
- the prepared dendritic cells are suspended in AIM-V medium at a cell density of 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml, and sequenced from SEQ ID NO: 108, which is expected to be able to bind to the HLA-A0201 molecule selected in (1) above.
- the peptides shown in No. 110 and SEQ ID No. 113 to SEQ ID No. 117 were added at a concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml, and cultured in a 96-well plate at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 4 hours.
- X-ray irradiation (3000 rad) washed with AIM-V medium, 10% human AB serum (Nabi, Miami, FL), IL-6 (1000 U / ml) and IL-12 (10 ng / ml, Genzyme) , Cambridge, MA) and suspended in AIM-V medium and added at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells per well of a 24-well plate. Further, the prepared T cell population was added at 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells per well, and cultured under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- Example 5 Determination of CD179b-derived cytotoxic T cell antigen epitope that stimulates HLA-A0201-positive CD8-positive T cells (1) IFN- ⁇ production ability Among the T cells induced above, T cells that showed proliferation For each, T2 cells expressing HLA-A0201 molecule pulsed with each peptide (Salter RD et al., Immunogenetics, 21: 235-246 (1985), ATCC, to investigate specificity for peptide epitopes. (Purchase) (Add each peptide in AIM-V medium at a concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml and incubate for 4 hours under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 ) 5 ⁇ 10 4 vs.
- T cells 5 ⁇ 10 3 T cells were added and cultured in 96-well plates for 24 hours in AIM-V medium containing 10% human AB serum. The supernatant after the culture was taken, and the amount of IFN- ⁇ produced was measured by ELISA. As a result, compared to the culture supernatant of the hole using T2 cells not pulsed with the peptide, the hole of the T2 cell pulsed with the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 108 to SEQ ID NO: 110 or SEQ ID NO: 113 to SEQ ID NO: 117 was used. IFN- ⁇ production was confirmed in the culture supernatant (FIG. 2). From these results, it was found that the above peptide is a T cell epitope peptide having the ability to specifically stimulate HLA-A0201-positive CD8-positive T cells to proliferate and induce IFN- ⁇ production.
- reference numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 on the horizontal axis pulse the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, and 117, respectively.
- 2 shows the IFN- ⁇ production ability of HLA-A0201-positive CD8-positive T cells by stimulation from the prepared T2 cells.
- Reference number 11 shows the results for the negative control peptide of SEQ ID NO: 118.
- the peptides of SEQ ID NO: 108 to SEQ ID NO: 110 and SEQ ID NO: 113 to SEQ ID NO: 117 used in the present invention are HLA-A0201 positive and HLA-A0201 on tumor cells expressing CD179b. It was examined whether CD8-positive T cells stimulated with this peptide can damage tumor cells expressing HLA-A0201 and expressing CD179b.
- the plate was washed 3 times with RPMI medium (Kibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Kibco), and 10 3 pieces were added per well of a 96-well V-bottom plate, followed by 10% fetal bovine serum.
- RPMI medium Kibco
- fetal bovine serum Kibco
- each suspended 5 ⁇ 10 4 pieces of peptide epitopes reactive HLA-A0201-positive stimulated with each peptide of CD8-positive T cells were added in RPMI medium containing, 37 ° C., of 5% CO 2 condition
- the cells were cultured for 4 hours.
- the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells stimulated with each peptide was calculated by measuring the amount of chromium 51 in the culture supernatant released from the damaged tumor cells.
- HLA-A0201-positive CD8-positive T cells stimulated with this peptide have cytotoxic activity against Namalwa cells (FIG. 3).
- CD8 positive T cells induced with the negative control peptide did not show cytotoxic activity.
- each peptide used in the present invention (SEQ ID NO: 108 to SEQ ID NO: 110 and SEQ ID NO: 113 to SEQ ID NO: 117) is presented on the HLA-A0201 molecule on tumor cells that are positive for HLA-A0201 and express CD179b.
- this peptide has the ability to induce CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells that can damage such tumor cells.
- cytotoxic activity as described above, mixed 10 and three B cell leukemia line Namalwa which were incorporated the CD8-positive T cells 10 5 and chromium 51 stimulated induced by each peptide used in the present invention Then, the amount of chromium 51 released into the medium after culturing was measured for 4 hours, and the cytotoxic activity of CD8-positive T cells, calculated by the following calculation formula *, against Namalwa cells was shown.
- Cytotoxic activity (%) chromium 51 release from Namalwa cells when CD8 positive T cells were added ⁇ chromium 51 release from target cells added with 1N hydrochloric acid ⁇ 100.
- reference numbers 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 on the horizontal axis are stimuli using SEQ ID NOs: 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 116, and 117, respectively.
- the cytotoxic activity with respect to Namalwa cell of the HLA-A0201-positive CD8 positive T cell was shown.
- Reference number 20 indicates the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells induced with a negative control peptide (SEQ ID NO: 118).
- Example 6 Determination of CD179b-derived cytotoxic T cell antigen epitope that stimulates HLA-A24-positive CD8-positive T cells (1) IFN- ⁇ production ability Example 3 (2) in the same manner as Example 5 (1) JTK expressing HLA-A24 molecule pulsed with peptides of SEQ ID NO: 110, 111, 112, 115, 116 to examine the specificity for peptide epitopes for peptide epitope reactive CD8 positive T cells induced in -LCL cells (purchased from RIKEN) (adding each peptide in AIM-V medium at a concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml and culturing at 37 ° C.
- reference numbers 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 on the horizontal axis represent HLA-A24 by stimulation from JTK-LCL cells pulsed with the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 112, 115, and 116, respectively.
- 1 shows the ability of positive CD8-positive T cells to produce IFN- ⁇ .
- Reference number 26 shows the results for the negative control peptide of SEQ ID NO: 118.
- the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 112, 115, and 116 used in the present invention are presented on the HLA-A24 molecule on the HLA-A24 positive and CD179b expressing cells. Whether CD8-positive T cells stimulated with this peptide can damage HLA-A24-positive cells expressing CD179b was examined by the same method as in Example 5 (2). 10 6 JTK-LCL cells positive for HLA-A24 and expressing CD179b were collected in a 50-ml centrifuge tube, added with 100 ⁇ Ci of chromium 51, and incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the plate was washed 3 times with RPMI medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, added 10 3 per well of 96-well V-bottom plate, and further suspended in RPMI medium containing 10% fetal calf serum.
- HLA-A24-positive peptide epitope-reactive CD8-positive T cells stimulated with 10 4 peptides were added, respectively, and cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 4 hours. After culturing, the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells stimulated with each peptide was calculated by measuring the amount of chromium 51 in the culture supernatant released from the damaged cells.
- each peptide (SEQ ID NO: 110, 111, 112, 115, 116) used in this example is presented on an HLA-A24 molecule on a cell expressing H179-A24 positive and expressing CD179b. Furthermore, it was revealed that this peptide has the ability to induce CD8 positive cytotoxic T cells that can damage such cells.
- CD8 positive T cells induced with the negative control peptide (SEQ ID NO: 118) did not show cytotoxicity.
- reference numbers 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31 on the horizontal axis represent HLA-A24-positive CD8-positive T cells stimulated with the peptides of SEQ ID NOs: 110, 111, 112, 115, and 116, respectively. Shows cytotoxic activity against JTK-LCL cells.
- Reference number 32 shows the cytotoxic activity of CD8 positive T cells induced with a negative control peptide (SEQ ID NO: 118).
- Example 7 Cancer Detection Using Recombinant Protein (1) Canine Cancer Detection The blood of 153 diseased dogs with confirmed malignant tumors and 264 healthy dogs was collected and the serum was separated. Serum that specifically reacts with the polypeptide by ELISA using the canine-derived cancer antigen protein prepared in Example 2 (in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5: No. 5 to 120) and an anti-dog IgG antibody IgG antibody titer was measured.
- the prepared polypeptide was solid-phased by adding 100 ⁇ L / well of a recombinant protein solution diluted to 100 ⁇ g / mL with phosphate buffered saline to a 96-well immobilizer amino plate (manufactured by NUNK) at 4 ° C. I left it overnight.
- Blocking was performed by adding 100 ⁇ L / well of a solution obtained by dissolving 4 g of Block Ace powder (DS Pharma Biomedical Co., Ltd.) in 100 ml of purified water and diluting 4 times with purified water (hereinafter referred to as blocking solution) for 1 hour at room temperature. Shake.
- HRP-modified canine IgG antibody Goat anti Dog IgG- washed three times with phosphate buffered saline (hereinafter PBS-T) containing 0.05% Tween20 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and diluted 3000 times with blocking solution h + I / HRP + conjugated: BETHYL Laboratories) was added at 100 ⁇ L / well, and the mixture was allowed to react at room temperature for 1 hour.
- PBS-T phosphate buffered saline
- Tween20 manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- HRP substrate TMB (1-Step Turbo TMB (tetramethylbenzidine), PIERCE) was added and allowed to react at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Japan) was added at 100 ⁇ l / well, the reaction was stopped, and absorbance at 450 nm was measured with a microplate reader. As a control, the prepared recombinant protein was not immobilized, and the cancer-retained dog serum was not reacted in the same manner as described above for comparison.
- cancer types used for the above-mentioned cancer detection 112 breast cancer samples, 31 lymphoma samples and 10 leukemia samples that were confirmed as malignant by pathological diagnosis were used.
- Example 2 by using the human-derived cancer antigen protein (amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3) prepared in Example 2 and an anti-dog IgG antibody by ELISA, specific for the polypeptide in each of the above cancer-bearing dog serum samples
- IgG antibody titer that reacts automatically was measured, 56 samples (50%) in breast cancer, 18 samples (58%) in lymphoma, and 5 samples (50%) in leukemia were found to be malignant.
- 17 human serum derived from patients suffering from malignant breast cancer purchased from Promeddx
- human-derived cancer antigen protein amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3
- the IgG antibody titer in the sera that react spontaneously was measured.
- the absorbance at 450 nm was as high as 0.28 on average for 17 breast cancer patients compared to the polypeptide. Therefore, it was found that cancer can be detected by this technique even in humans.
- the present invention provides an immunity-inducing agent containing a polypeptide that exhibits antitumor activity against cancer (tumor) such as breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma, it is useful for the treatment of cancer.
- cancer such as breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma
- the present invention provides a novel means for detecting cancer, and thus is useful for cancer diagnosis.
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Abstract
Description
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)上記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)上記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)上記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)上記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)上記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)上記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)上記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)上記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド
本発明の免疫誘導剤に有効成分として含まれるポリペプチドとしては、以下(a)、(b)及び(c)のポリペプチド類から選択される1もしくは複数のポリペプチドが挙げられる。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号(すなわち、配列番号3、5、7、9、11、13、15、・・・93又は95)に示されるアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチド中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなり、かつ免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
(b)上記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有する、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなる、免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
(c)上記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含む、免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド。
上記のポリペプチドは、例えば、Fmoc法(フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニル法)、tBoc法(t―ブチルオキシカルボニル法)等の化学合成法に従って合成することができる。また、各種の市販のペプチド合成機を利用して常法により合成することもできる。また、公知の遺伝子工学的手法を用いて、上記ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを調製し、該ポリヌクレオチドを発現ベクターに組み込んで宿主細胞に導入し、該宿主細胞中でポリペプチドを生産させることにより、目的とするポリペプチドを得ることができる。
後述の実施例に具体的に記載される通り、上記した免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドを担癌動物に投与すると、既に生じている腫瘍を縮小又は退縮させることができる。従って、本発明の免疫誘導剤は、癌の治療用及び/又は予防用として用いることができる。
下記実施例において具体的に記載されるように、本発明で用いられる上記ポリペプチドと抗原提示細胞とをインビトロで接触させることにより、該ポリペプチドを抗原提示細胞に提示させることができる。すなわち、上記した(a)ないし(c)のポリペプチドは、抗原提示細胞の処理剤として利用し得る。ここで、抗原提示細胞としては、樹状細胞、B細胞及びマクロファージが例示され、MHCクラスI分子を保有する樹状細胞又はB細胞を好ましく用いることができる。また、処理剤とは、抗原提示細胞をパルスする薬剤を指し、パルスされた抗原提示細胞は、末梢血リンパ球を刺激する能力をもつことができるので、ワクチンとして使用しうる。
また、上記(a)ないし(c)のポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを対象動物の体内で発現させることによっても、該生体内で抗体生産や細胞障害性T細胞を誘導することができ、ポリペプチドを投与するのと同等の効果が得られる。すなわち、本発明の免疫誘導剤は、上記の(a)、(b)及び(c)のポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクターを有効成分として含むものであってもよい。このような、抗原ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクターは、遺伝子ワクチンとも呼ばれる。
本発明の癌を検出する方法として、生体から分離された試料を用いて、本発明で用いられるポリペプチドの発現を測定する。上記試料を用いてポリペプチドの発現を測定する方法としては、試料中に含まれる該ポリペプチドに対する抗体を免疫測定する方法(第1の方法)、試料中に含まれる該ポリペプチド自体を免疫測定する方法(第2の方法)、及び試料中に含まれる該ポリペプチドをコードするmRNAを測定する方法(第3の方法)が挙げられる。本発明の方法では、これらのいずれの方法でポリペプチドの発現を測定してもよい。なお、本発明において、「測定」という語には、検出、定量及び半定量のいずれもが包含される。
(1)cDNAライブラリの作製
手術により摘出したイヌの乳腺癌組織から酸-グアニジウム-フェノール-クロロフォルム法(Acid guanidium-Phenol-Chloroform法)により全RNAを抽出し、Oligotex-dT30 mRNA purification Kit(宝酒造社製)を用いてキット添付のプロトコールに従ってポリA RNAを精製した。
上記作製したイヌ乳腺癌由来cDNAファージライブラリを用いて、イムノスクリーニングを行った。具体的にはΦ90×15mmのNZYアガロースプレートに2340クローンとなるように宿主大腸菌(XL1-Blue MRF´)に感染させ、42℃、3~4時間培養し、溶菌斑(プラーク)を作らせ、IPTG(イソプロピル-β-D-チオガラクトシド)を浸透させたニトロセルロースメンブレン(Hybond C Extra: GE Healthecare Bio-Science社製)でプレートを37℃で4時間覆うことによりタンパク質を誘導・発現させ、メンブレンにタンパク質を転写した。その後メンブレンを回収し0.5%脱脂粉乳を含むTBS(10mM Tris-HCl,150mM NaCl pH7.5)に浸し4℃で一晩振盪することによって非特異反応を抑制した。このフィルターを500倍希釈した患犬血清と室温で2~3時間反応させた。
上記方法により単離した45個の陽性クローンを塩基配列解析に供するため、ファージベクターからプラスミドベクターに転換する操作を行った。具体的には宿主大腸菌(XL1-Blue MRF´)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液250μlさらにExAssist helper phage (STRATAGENE社製)1μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応後、LB培地を3ml添加し37℃で2.5~3時間培養を行い、直ちに70℃の水浴にて20分間保温した後、4℃、1000×g、15分間遠心を行い上清をファージミド溶液として回収した。次いでファージミド宿主大腸菌(SOLR)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液10μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応させ、50μlをアンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB寒天培地に播き37℃一晩培養した。トランスフォームしたSOLRのシングルコロニーを採取し、アンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB培地37℃にて培養後、QIAGEN plasmid Miniprep Kit(キアゲン社製)を使って目的のインサートを持つプラスミドDNAを精製した。
上記方法により得られた遺伝子に対しイヌおよびヒトの正常組織および各種細胞株における発現をRT-PCR(Reverse Transcription-PCR)法により調べた。逆転写反応は以下の通り行なった。すなわち、各組織50~100mgおよび各細胞株5~10×106個の細胞からTRIZOL試薬(invitrogen社製)を用いて添付のプロトコールに従い全RNAを抽出した。この全RNAを用いてSuperscript First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR(invitrogen社製)により添付のプロトコールに従いcDNAを合成した。ヒト正常組織(脳、海馬、精巣、結腸、胎盤)のcDNAは、ジーンプールcDNA(invitrogen社製)、QUICK-Clone cDNA(クロンテック社製)およびLarge-Insert cDNA Library(クロンテック社製)を用いた。PCR反応は、取得したイヌ遺伝子に特異的なプライマー(配列番号98および99に記載)及びそのヒト相同遺伝子に特異的なプライマー(配列番号100および101に記載)を用いて以下の通り行った。すなわち、逆転写反応により調製したサンプル0.25μl、上記プライマーを各2μM、0.2mM各dNTP、0.65UのExTaqポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を25μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、94℃~30秒、60℃~30秒、72℃~30秒のサイクルを30回繰り返して行った。なお、上記した配列番号98及び99に示す塩基配列を有する遺伝子特異的プライマーは、配列番号4の塩基配列中の32番~341番を増幅するものであり、配列番号4~92の偶数番号に示されるイヌCD179b遺伝子全てに共通の領域を増幅するものであった。また、配列番号100及び101に示す塩基配列を有する遺伝子特異的プライマーは配列番号1の塩基配列中の216番~738番塩基の領域を増幅するものであった。比較対照のため、GAPDH特異的なプライマー(配列番号102および103に記載)も同時に用いた。その結果、図1に示すように、取得したイヌ遺伝子は、健常なイヌ組織では全く発現が見られず、一方イヌ乳癌組織で強い発現が見られた。ヒト相同遺伝子の発現では、ヒト正常組織で発現が確認できたのは骨髄のみで、ヒト癌細胞では白血病細胞株および乳癌細胞株で発現が検出され、CD179bが白血病細胞株と乳癌細胞株に特異的に発現していることが確認された。
(1)組換えタンパク質の作製
実施例1で取得した配列番号4の遺伝子を基に、以下の方法にて組換えタンパク質を作製した。PCRは、実施例1で得られたファージミド溶液より調製し配列解析に供したベクターを1μl、NdeIおよびKpnI制限酵素切断配列を含む2種類のプライマー(配列番号104および105に記載)を各0.4μM、0.2mM dNTP、1.25UのPrimeSTAR HSポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を50μlとし、Thermal Cycler (BIO RAD社製)を用いて、98℃~10秒、68℃~40秒のサイクルを30回繰り返すことにより行った。なお、上記2種類のプライマーは、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列5番~120番アミノ酸をコードする領域を増幅するものであった。PCR後、増幅されたDNAを2%アガロースゲルにて電気泳動し、QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (QIAGEN社製)を用いて約350bpのDNA断片を精製した。
上記で得られた、配列番号1および配列番号4を発現するそれぞれの組換え大腸菌を30μg/mL カナマイシン含有LB培地にて600nmでの吸光度が0.7付近になるまで37℃で培養後、イソプロピル-β-D-1-チオガラクトピラノシド終濃度が1 mMとなるよう添加し、30℃で20時間培養した。その後4800rpmで10分間遠心し集菌した。この菌体ペレットをリン酸緩衝化生理食塩水に懸濁し、さらに4800rpmで10分間遠心し菌体の洗浄を行った。
(1)抗腫瘍評価
表皮に腫瘤を持つ担癌患犬(乳癌)に対して、上記で精製した組換えタンパクの抗腫瘍効果の評価を行った。
上記(1)での投与試験で抗腫瘍効果が得られた患犬の血液を、癌治療剤投与前並びに初回投与から10日後及び30日後の各時点で採取し、常法に従って末梢血単核球を分離し、それを用いたIFNγのエリスポットアッセイ法により、投与した各組換えタンパクについて免疫誘導能の評価を行った。
(1)HLA-A0201とHLA-A24に結合するペプチドモチーフの予測
ヒトCD179bタンパク質のアミノ酸配列の情報をGenBankから得た。HLA-A0201とHLA-A24結合モチーフ予測のため、公知のBIMASソフト(http://bimas.dcrt.nih.gov/molbio/hla_bind/で利用可能)を用いたコンピューター予測プログラムを用いてヒトCD179bタンパク質のアミノ酸配列を解析し、HLA-A0201分子に結合可能と予想される配列番号108から配列番号110と配列番号113から配列番号117に示すペプチド8種類と、HLA-A24分子に結合可能と予想される配列番号110から配列番号112及び配列番号115と配列番号116に示すペプチド5種類を選択した。
HLA-A0201陽性の健常人から末梢血を分離し、Lymphocyte separation medium(OrganonpTeknika, Durham, NC)に重層して1,500rpmで室温で20分間遠心分離した。PBMCを含有する画分を回収し、冷リン酸塩緩衝液中で3回(またはそれ以上)洗浄し、末梢血単核球(PBMC)を得た。得られたPBMCをAIM-V培地(Life Technololgies社製)20mlに懸濁し、培養フラスコ(Falcon社製)中に37℃、5%CO2の条件下で2時間付着させた。非付着細胞はT細胞調製に用い、付着細胞は樹状細胞を調製するために用いた。
(1)IFN-γ産生能
上記で誘導したT細胞の内、増殖が見られたT細胞それぞれについて、ペプチドエピトープに対する特異性を調べるために、各ペプチドを用いてパルスした、HLA-A0201分子を発現するT2細胞(Salter RD et al.,Immunogenetics, 21:235-246(1985)、ATCCより購入)(10μg/mlの濃度でAIM-V培地中各ペプチドを添加し、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養)5×104個に対して、5×103個のT細胞を添加し、10%ヒトAB血清を含むAIM-V培地中で96穴プレートにて24時間培養した。培養後の上清を取って、IFN-γの産生量をELISA法により測定した。その結果、ペプチドをパルスしていないT2細胞を用いた穴の培養上清に比べて、配列番号108から配列番号110又は配列番号113から配列番号117のペプチドをパルスしたT2細胞を用いた穴の培養上清において、IFN-γ産生が確認された(図2)。この結果から、上記ペプチドは特異的にHLA-A0201陽性CD8陽性T細胞を増殖刺激させ、IFN-γ産生を誘導する能力を有するT細胞エピトープペプチドであることが判明した。
次に、本発明で用いられる配列番号108から配列番号110および配列番号113から配列番号117のペプチドが、HLA-A0201陽性でCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞上のHLA-A0201分子上に提示されるものであるか、また本ペプチドで刺激されたCD8陽性T細胞がHLA-A0201陽性でCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができるかを検討した。CD179bの発現が確認されているB細胞白血病細胞株、Namalwa細胞(ATCCより購入)を106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした。その後10%ウシ胎児血清(キブコ社製)を含むRPMI培地(キブコ社製)で3回洗浄し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加し、さらにこれに後10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で懸濁された5×104個の各ペプチドで刺激されたHLA-A0201陽性のペプチドエピトープ反応性のCD8陽性T細胞をそれぞれ添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた腫瘍細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定することによって、各ペプチドで刺激されたCD8陽性T細胞の細胞障害活性を算出した。その結果、本ペプチドで刺激されたHLA-A0201陽性のCD8陽性T細胞がNamalwa細胞に対する細胞障害活性を有することが判明した(図3)。陰性コントロールのペプチド(配列番号118)を用いて誘導したCD8陽性T細胞は、細胞障害活性を示さなかった。従って、本発明で用いられる各ペプチド(配列番号108から配列番号110ならびに配列番号113から配列番号117)は、HLA-A0201陽性でCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞上のHLA-A0201分子上に提示されるものであり、さらに本ペプチドは、このような腫瘍細胞を障害することができるCD8陽性細胞障害性T細胞を誘導する能力があることが明らかになった。
(1)IFN-γ産生能
実施例5(1)と同様に、実施例3(2)で誘導したペプチドエピトープ反応性CD8陽性T細胞について、ペプチドエピトープに対する特異性を調べるために、配列番号110、111、112、115、116のペプチドを用いてパルスした、HLA-A24分子を発現するJTK-LCL細胞(理化学研究所より購入)(10μg/mlの濃度でAIM-V培地中各ペプチドを添加し、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養)5×104個に対して、5×103個の上記T細胞を添加し、10%ヒトAB血清を含むAIM-V培地中で96穴プレートにて24時間培養した。培養後の上清を取って、IFN-γの産生量をELISA法により測定した。その結果、ペプチドをパルスしていないJTK-LCL細胞を用いた穴の培養上清に比べて、配列番号110、111、112、115、116のペプチドをパルスしたJTK-LCL細胞を用いた穴の培養上清において、IFN-γ産生が確認された(図4)。この結果から、上記ペプチドは特異的にHLA-A24陽性CD8陽性T細胞を増殖刺激させ、IFN-γ産生を誘導する能力を有するT細胞エピトープペプチドであることが判明した。
次に、本発明で用いられる配列番号110、111、112、115、116のペプチドが、HLA-A24陽性でCD179bを発現する細胞上のHLA-A24分子上に提示されるものであるか、また本ペプチドで刺激されたCD8陽性T細胞がHLA-A24陽性でCD179bを発現する細胞を障害することができるかを実施例5(2)と同様の方法で検討した。HLA-A24陽性でCD179bを発現するJTK-LCL細胞を106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした。その後10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で3回洗浄し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個づつ添加し、さらにこれに10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で懸濁された5×104個の各ペプチドで刺激されたHLA-A24陽性のペプチドエピトープ反応性のCD8陽性T細胞をそれぞれ添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定することによって、各ペプチドで刺激されたCD8陽性T細胞の細胞障害活性を算出した。その結果、本ペプチドで刺激されたHLA-A24陽性のCD8陽性T細胞がJTK-LCL細胞に対する細胞障害活性を有することが判明した(図5)。従って、本実施例で用いられた各ペプチド(配列番号110、111、112、115、116)は、HLA-A24陽性でCD179bを発現する細胞上のHLA-A24分子上に提示されるものであり、さらに本ペプチドは、このような細胞を障害することができるCD8陽性細胞障害性T細胞を誘導する能力があることが明らかになった。陰性コントロールのペプチド(配列番号118)を用いて誘導したCD8陽性T細胞は、細胞障害性を示さなかった。
(1)イヌの癌検出
悪性腫瘍の確認された患犬153頭と健常犬264頭の血液を採取し、血清を分離した。実施例2で作製したイヌ由来癌抗原タンパク(配列番号5のアミノ酸配列中:5番~120番)と抗イヌIgG抗体を用いてELISA法にて該ポリペプチドに特異的に反応する血清中のIgG抗体価を測定した。
上記で用いたヒト由来癌抗原タンパク(配列番号3のアミノ酸配列)と抗ヒトIgG抗体を用いて、上記と同様にして、該ポリペプチドに特異的に反応する健常人血清中のIgG抗体価を測定した。2次抗体は、HRP修飾抗ヒトIgG抗体(HRP-Goat Anti-Human IgG(H+L) Conjugate: Zymed Laboratories社製)をブロッキング溶液にて10000倍希釈して用いた。ポジティブコントロールとしてリン酸緩衝化生理食塩水にて50μg/mlに調製した卵白アルブミン抗原を固相化したものを用いた。その結果、450nmでの吸光度は、卵白アルブミン抗原に対して健常人7人の平均で0.45と高い値を示した。一方、上記ポリペプチドに対しては0と全く検出されなかった。
Claims (19)
- 以下の(a)ないし(c)のポリペプチド類から選択されかつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクター、を有効成分として含有する免疫誘導剤。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)前記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)前記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド - 前記(b)のポリペプチドが、前記(a)のポリペプチドと95%以上の配列同一性を有するポリペプチドである、請求項1記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドが、配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチドである、請求項1記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドが、配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチドである、請求項3記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドが、配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中のaa1-34又はaa52-75の領域内の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸から成るポリペプチド又は該ポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチドである請求項3記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドが、配列表の配列番号108、配列番号109、配列番号110、配列番号111、配列番号112、配列番号113、配列番号114、配列番号115、配列番号116又は配列番号117に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド、あるいは配列表の配列番号108、配列番号109、配列番号110、配列番号111、配列番号112、配列番号113、配列番号114、配列番号115、配列番号116又は配列番号117に示されるアミノ酸配列を部分配列として含み、アミノ酸残基数が8~12であるポリペプチドである、請求項5記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 1又は複数の前記ポリペプチドを有効成分として含有する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記ポリペプチドが抗原提示細胞の処理剤である、請求項7記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 動物の癌の治療用及び/又は予防用である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記癌が、CD179b遺伝子を発現する癌である、請求項9に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記癌が乳癌、白血病又はリンパ腫である、請求項10記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 免疫増強剤をさらに含む、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドとHLA分子の複合体を含む、単離抗原提示細胞。
- 前記免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドとHLA分子の複合体を選択的に結合する、単離T細胞。
- 以下の(a)ないし(c)のポリペプチド類から選択されかつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクターを個体に投与することを含む、免疫誘導方法。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)前記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)前記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド - 生体から分離された試料に対して行う方法であって、以下の(a)ないし(c)の少なくともいずれか1つのポリペプチドの発現を測定することを含む、癌の検出方法。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチドに対する抗体と抗原抗体反応により結合する反応性を有する、生体内で生産されるポリペプチド
(b)前記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチドに対する抗体と抗原抗体反応により結合する反応性を有する、生体内で生産されるポリペプチド
(c)前記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチドに対する抗体と抗原抗体反応により結合する反応性を有する、生体内で生産されるポリペプチド - 前記ポリペプチドの発現の測定は、前記試料に含まれ得る、測定すべき前記ポリペプチドに対し前記生体内で誘導された抗体を免疫測定することにより行われる請求項16に記載の方法。
- 生体から分離された試料に対して行う方法であって、癌患者由来の試料中の配列表の配列番号1または配列番号4~94のうち偶数の配列番号に示される塩基配列を有するコード領域を有するCD179b遺伝子の発現を調べ、健常者由来の試料中の該遺伝子の発現量と比較することを含む、癌の検出方法。
- 以下の(a)ないし(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドに対して生体内で誘導される抗体と抗原抗体反応するポリペプチドを含む癌検出用試薬。
(a)配列表の配列番号3~95のうち奇数の配列番号に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(b)前記(a)のポリペプチドと90%以上の配列同一性を有し、かつ7個以上のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド
(c)前記(a)又は(b)のポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド
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| BRPI0910513A BRPI0910513B8 (pt) | 2008-07-10 | 2009-07-10 | uso de pelo menos um polipeptídeo, método para a detecção de câncer de mama e leucemia in vitro, e reagente para a detecção de câncer de mama e leucemia |
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| BRPI0910513B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
| PT2319533T (pt) | 2017-07-20 |
| RU2519675C2 (ru) | 2014-06-20 |
| CN102089001A (zh) | 2011-06-08 |
| US8901082B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 |
| PL2319533T3 (pl) | 2017-10-31 |
| MX2011000116A (es) | 2011-02-25 |
| EP2319533B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| ES2633468T3 (es) | 2017-09-21 |
| KR101323192B1 (ko) | 2013-10-30 |
| AU2009270182A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| KR20110019766A (ko) | 2011-02-28 |
| AU2009270182B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
| CA2730088C (en) | 2020-04-14 |
| HUE035804T2 (en) | 2018-05-28 |
| DK2319533T3 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
| CN102089001B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
| US20110130343A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
| JPWO2010005069A1 (ja) | 2012-01-05 |
| BRPI0910513A2 (pt) | 2015-09-29 |
| BRPI0910513B1 (pt) | 2020-06-16 |
| EP2319533A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| JP5703562B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
| CA2730088A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| EP2319533A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| RU2011104704A (ru) | 2012-08-20 |
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