WO2010098341A1 - 液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね - Google Patents
液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010098341A1 WO2010098341A1 PCT/JP2010/052828 JP2010052828W WO2010098341A1 WO 2010098341 A1 WO2010098341 A1 WO 2010098341A1 JP 2010052828 W JP2010052828 W JP 2010052828W WO 2010098341 A1 WO2010098341 A1 WO 2010098341A1
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- liquid crystal
- crystal shutter
- state
- alignment film
- elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/101—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having an electro-optical light valve
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
- G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
- G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
- G06F21/82—Protecting input, output or interconnection devices
- G06F21/84—Protecting input, output or interconnection devices output devices, e.g. displays or monitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
- H04N13/341—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using temporal multiplexing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/16—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 series; tandem
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2213/00—Details of stereoscopic systems
- H04N2213/008—Aspects relating to glasses for viewing stereoscopic images
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal shutter and liquid crystal shutter glasses having the same, and more particularly to a liquid crystal shutter used in a stereoscopic display system or a multi-view display system using a time-division display and the liquid crystal shutter glasses having the same.
- a time-division display system having a time-division display that displays a plurality of images in a time-division manner and liquid crystal shutter glasses has been proposed or developed.
- this time-division display system for example, there is a stereoscopic display system for allowing an observer to perceive a stereoscopic image.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing this stereoscopic display system.
- the stereoscopic display system includes a liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 and a liquid crystal display device 30 which is a time-division display.
- the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 include a right eye liquid crystal shutter 1a and a left eye liquid crystal shutter 1b.
- the liquid crystal display device 30 alternately displays the right eye image and the left eye image.
- the right-eye liquid crystal shutter 1a and the left-eye liquid crystal shutter 1b are switched between a transmission state and a shielding state in synchronization with the display of the right-eye image and the left-eye image, so that the right eye of the observer 2 is displayed.
- the right eye image is guided to the left eye of the observer 2 and the left eye image is guided to the left eye of the observer 2. Accordingly, if the right-eye image and the left-eye image are images according to the parallax of the right eye and the left eye, it is possible to make the observer perceive a stereoscopic image.
- time division display system there is a multi-view display system for allowing a plurality of observers to perceive different images.
- a multi-view display system is described in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a multi-view display system.
- the multi-view display system includes the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 and the liquid crystal display device 30 as in FIG. Further, it is assumed that there are three observers (observers 2a to 2c).
- the liquid crystal display device 30 displays a display image directed to each of a plurality of observers in order.
- Each of the liquid crystal shutter glasses used by each of the viewers 2a to 2c is synchronized with the display of the display image directed to the viewer, and is switched between a transmission state and a shielding state, thereby allowing each of the viewers 2a to 2c to , Guide the display image towards that observer. This makes it possible to cause the viewers 2a to 2c to perceive different display images.
- a time-division display system there is a secure display system that allows only the user of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 to perceive a display image.
- this secure display system by using a display of a portable information terminal such as a notebook personal computer as the time-division display, a highly confidential portable information terminal can be realized.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a secure display system.
- the time-division display 4 of the portable information terminal 3 includes a display image and a reverse image such as a display image A, a reverse image A ′ of the display image A, a display image B, and a reverse image B ′ of the display image B. And are displayed alternately.
- a display image A a reverse image A ′ of the display image A
- a display image B a reverse image B ′ of the display image B.
- an observer who is not wearing the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 perceives an achromatic image obtained by integrating the display image and the inverted image, and therefore cannot display the display images A and B.
- liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 when the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 are in the transmission state in synchronization with the display of the display images A and B, and are in the shielding state in synchronization with the display of the reversed images A ′ and B ′, the liquid crystal shutter glasses 1 are attached. The observer 2 can perceive the display images A and B.
- Liquid crystal shutter glasses in these time-division display systems require high contrast characteristics with a large difference in the amount of light transmitted between the transmissive state and the shielded state, and high-speed response that allows quick switching between the transmissive state and the shielded state. It has been. Without these characteristics, there is a phenomenon that the display image that should originally be shielded is perceived by the observer (crosstalk) and the display image appears dark, and the observer can perceive a good display image. Can not.
- the alignment state (ON state) of the liquid crystal when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal used for the liquid crystal shutter, and the alignment state (OFF state) of the liquid crystal when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal change,
- the light transmittance of the liquid crystal changes. Therefore, in the liquid crystal shutter, the transmission state and the shielding state are switched by switching the liquid crystal between the ON state and the OFF state.
- the time until the liquid crystal transitions from the ON state to the OFF state is the voltage applied when the liquid crystal is in the OFF state.
- the time until the liquid crystal transitions from the OFF state to the ON state is longer.
- the time from the transmission state to the shielding state and the time from the shielding state to the transmission state. If there is such a time difference, there is a problem that crosstalk or the like occurs and a good display image cannot be perceived.
- liquid crystal display device two liquid crystal cells in which nematic liquid crystals are horizontally aligned are stacked so that the alignment directions of the liquid crystal cells are orthogonal to each other, and polarizing layers are provided on both sides of the stacked liquid crystal cells. Be placed.
- This liquid crystal display device is in a shielding state when no voltage is applied to both liquid crystal cells, and is in a transmissive state when a voltage is applied only to one liquid crystal cell, and a voltage is applied to both liquid crystal cells. If it is, it will be in a shielding state.
- the liquid crystal display device applies the voltage to one liquid crystal cell to make the shielding state transparent, and then By applying a voltage to the other liquid crystal cell, the transmission state is changed to a shielding state. Then, the liquid crystal display device returns to the initial state by stopping the voltage applied to both liquid crystal cells.
- the time for changing the shielding state to the transmission state and the time for changing the transmission state to the shielding state are approximately the same as the response time at the time of ON, so the time from the transmission state to the shielding state and the state from the shielding state to the transmission state are changed. It becomes possible to make time the same.
- TN liquid crystal display device two TN liquid crystal cells are laminated so that the alignment axes on the viewing side of the liquid crystal cells are within 10 ° of each other, and above and below the laminated TN liquid crystal cells and A polarizing layer is disposed between each of the TN liquid crystal cells.
- the TN type liquid crystal cells are stacked in two stages, and higher contrast characteristics can be realized than in the case where the TN type liquid crystal cells are configured by one TN type liquid crystal cell.
- liquid crystal cells in which nematic liquid crystals are horizontally aligned are stacked.
- Horizontally aligned nematic liquid crystals generally have a high driving voltage and are difficult to use for liquid crystal shutter glasses that are often driven by batteries.
- nematic liquid crystal aligned horizontally has a slow response time when OFF, it takes a long time to stop the voltage applied to both liquid crystal cells and return to the initial state, and high-speed response cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is difficult to apply the technique described in Patent Document 2 to liquid crystal shutter glasses.
- a TN liquid crystal cell that has a short OFF response time and can be driven at a low voltage is used instead of the nematic liquid crystal. Can do.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 do not describe the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal shutter. Since the eyes of the observer are easy to move in the horizontal direction, the liquid crystal shutter glasses are in the horizontal direction (especially in the direction of the face center where the eyes are likely to lean when viewing the display etc.) when in the shielding state. It is necessary to suppress light leakage.
- liquid crystal shutter needs to maintain the shielding state. It is necessary to suppress it.
- the contrast at the time of static driving of the liquid crystal is improved, but there is no description about the light leakage in the shielding state and the OFF time.
- the driving method of the liquid crystal display device described in Patent Document 4 is greatly different from the driving method in the techniques described in Patent Documents 2 and 3.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed response liquid crystal shutter and liquid crystal shutter glasses that solve the above-described problem of light leakage.
- a liquid crystal shutter according to the present invention includes a laminated structure in which a plurality of liquid crystal elements each having a pair of substrates coated with an alignment film and a liquid crystal material sealed between the substrates are laminated, and on both sides of the laminated structure.
- the alignment films are all horizontal alignment films or all vertical alignment films.
- the alignment film is the horizontal alignment film
- the liquid crystal material has a positive dielectric anisotropy
- the alignment film is the vertical alignment film.
- the liquid crystal material has a negative dielectric anisotropy, and the twist directions of the liquid crystal materials sealed in the liquid crystal elements adjacent to each other in the stacked structure are opposite to each other.
- the liquid crystal shutter glasses according to the present invention are liquid crystal shutter glasses having the liquid crystal shutter described above.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of a liquid crystal shutter when an R-TN liquid crystal element is used as the liquid crystal element. It is the schematic diagram which showed the liquid-crystal shutter glasses using TN type
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing liquid crystal shutter glasses using an R-TN liquid crystal mode.
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the liquid crystal shutter of one embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal shutter 5 includes a stacked structure in which liquid crystal elements 8 a and 8 b are stacked, a polarizer 9, and an analyzer 10. Note that the number of liquid crystal elements is only two in FIG.
- the polarizer 9 is arranged on one of the two sides of the laminated structure, and the analyzer 10 is arranged on the other of the two sides of the laminated structure.
- Each of the liquid crystal elements 8 a and 8 b includes a pair of substrates 6 on which an alignment film is applied, and a liquid crystal material 7 sealed between the substrates 6.
- Each substrate 6 is provided with electrodes (not shown) for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- both sides of the multilayer structure are surface sides parallel to the substrate 6 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b in the multilayer structure.
- FIG. 5A is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a more detailed configuration of the liquid crystal element 8a
- FIG. 5B is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a more detailed configuration of the liquid crystal element 8b.
- a horizontal alignment film 11 is provided as an alignment film applied to each of the substrates 6 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- a liquid crystal material having positive dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the substrates 6 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b as the liquid crystal material 7.
- the horizontal alignment film 11 is applied to the substrate 6 having a transparent electrode, the alignment process (for example, rubbing process) is performed on the horizontal alignment film 11, and then the liquid crystal material 7 having a positive dielectric anisotropy is applied to the substrate 6. By injecting in between, such liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b can be produced.
- the horizontal alignment film 11 of the substrate 6 which is a pair of each liquid crystal element is subjected to an alignment process so as to cross each other at a predetermined angle.
- 5A to 5C show the alignment processing directions 15a to 15d of the horizontal alignment film of each substrate 6.
- the alignment treatment directions 15a and 15b are alignment treatment directions of the substrate 6 that is a pair of the liquid crystal elements 8a
- the alignment treatment directions 15c and 15d are alignment treatment directions of the substrate 6 that is the pair of the liquid crystal elements 8b. It is.
- the alignment processing directions 15a and 15b intersect each other
- the alignment processing directions 15c and 15d intersect each other.
- the twist directions 13 are opposite to each other.
- a vertical alignment film may be provided instead of the horizontal alignment film 11.
- a liquid crystal material having negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the substrates 6 of the liquid crystal elements 8 a and 8 b as the liquid crystal material 7.
- the twist directions are opposite to each other as in the case of the horizontal alignment film 11.
- the twist direction when the vertical alignment film is provided is a twist direction when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b and the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal material 7 fall.
- the same kind of alignment film that is, a horizontal alignment film or a vertical alignment film is used.
- the liquid crystal molecules 12 of the stacked liquid crystal elements 8 a and 8 b have the normal line direction of the substrate 6 as an axis when a voltage is applied and when the voltage application is stopped. Since it moves symmetrically, it becomes possible to suppress light leakage in the shielded state.
- the alignment films on the substrates adjacent to each other of the laminated liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are desirably subjected to alignment treatment in directions orthogonal to each other. That is, it is desirable that the predetermined angle is 90 °, and the alignment treatment directions 15b and 15c of the alignment films of the adjacent substrates 6 are orthogonal to each other. In this case, the contrast between the transmission state and the shielding state of the liquid crystal shutter 5 can be increased.
- the product (d ⁇ ⁇ n) of the thickness d of each liquid crystal material 7 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b and the refractive index anisotropy ⁇ n of the liquid crystal material 7 is equal or substantially equal. Further, it is desirable that the chiral pitches of the liquid crystal materials 7 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are equal or substantially equal. In this case, it is possible to further suppress light leakage in the shielded state.
- the polarizer 9 and the analyzer 10 are arranged so as to have a crossed Nicols relationship.
- liquid crystal shutter glasses using the liquid crystal shutter 5 will be described.
- FIG. 6A is an external view schematically showing liquid crystal shutter glasses having the liquid crystal shutter 5. As shown in FIG. 6A, the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100 have the liquid crystal shutters 5 attached to the left and right eyeglass frames.
- FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the liquid crystal shutter 5 used in the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100. Note that the liquid crystal shutter 5 has two liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the alignment film of one of the pair of substrates included in the liquid crystal element is aligned in the width direction (AB direction) of the liquid crystal glasses 100.
- the alignment treatment direction 15b of the alignment film on the back substrate of the liquid crystal element 8a and the alignment treatment direction 15d of the alignment film on the substrate on the back side of the liquid crystal element 8b face the width direction of the liquid crystal glasses 100. ing.
- the orientation processing directions 15b and 15d are orthogonal to the center line 16 of the observer's face.
- the substrate 6a on the front side of the liquid crystal element 8a is the substrate on the viewer side. Thereby, the viewing angle characteristic in the lateral direction with respect to the observer 2 can be improved.
- the alignment film of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b is the horizontal alignment film 11, as shown in FIG. 7, the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate 6 (the interface of the substrate 6) having the alignment film aligned in the width direction are used.
- the long axis is away from the substrate 6 toward the inner side of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100 (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 6A).
- the orientation of the pretilt angle 17 of the substrate is directed toward the center of the observer's face, and the viewing angle characteristics in the lateral direction with respect to the observer 2 can be improved.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal shutter 5.
- the polarizer 9 and the analyzer 10 are arranged in a crossed Nicols relationship in which the transmission axis 18 of the polarizer 9 and the transmission axis 19 of the analyzer 10 are orthogonal to each other.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal shutter 5 in which the liquid crystal elements 8 a and 8 b have the horizontal alignment film 11.
- the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b have the horizontal alignment film 11, as shown in FIG. 8, in a state where no voltage is applied to both the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b (state 5A: both OFF state), the liquid crystal element 8a Each of the liquid crystal materials 7 and 8b is twisted between the substrates 6.
- the alignment treatment directions of the alignment films of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b form an angle of 90 ° with each other. That is, the liquid crystal material 7 of each of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b is twisted by 90 °.
- Such a liquid crystal element is referred to as a 90 ° TN type liquid crystal element.
- the incident light 20 to the liquid crystal shutter 5 passes through the polarizer 9 to become polarized light, and the incident light 20 that is the polarized light is incident on the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the plane of polarization of the incident light 20 rotates along the direction of twist of the liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the plane of polarization is rotated by 90 ° in the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b on the incident side.
- the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b return to the original state.
- the polarizer 9 and the analyzer 10 are arranged in crossed Nicols, the incident light 20 that is the polarized light cannot be transmitted through the analyzer 10 and is absorbed by the analyzer 10. For this reason, the liquid crystal shutter 5 is in a shielding state.
- the state of the liquid crystal shutter 5 can be changed from the shielding state to the transmission state, and from the transmission state to the shielding state. For this reason, the state of the liquid crystal shutter 5 can be switched at high speed.
- the voltage is applied in the order of the liquid crystal elements 8b and 8a, but the voltage may be applied in the order of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the liquid crystal molecules 12c aligned perpendicularly to the substrate 6 are not applied with a voltage to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b. Since the twisting directions are opposite to each other, the twisting is symmetric about the normal line of the substrate 6. That is, the liquid crystal molecules 12a of the liquid crystal element 8a and the liquid crystal molecules 12b of the liquid crystal element 8b are twisted in opposite directions. For this reason, it is possible to make a transition to the state 5A in which no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b while maintaining the shielding state, and thus light leakage can be suppressed.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal shutter 5 in which the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b have a vertical alignment film.
- the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b have vertical alignment films, as shown in FIG. 10, in a state where no voltage is applied to both the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b (state 7A: both OFF states), the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b Each liquid crystal material 7 of 8 b is aligned perpendicular to the substrate 6.
- the liquid crystal material 7 has negative dielectric anisotropy, and thus the substrate 6 is twisted with respect to the normal direction of the substrate 6. It is oriented in the horizontal direction.
- the alignment treatment directions of the alignment films of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b form an angle of 90 ° with each other.
- liquid crystal element when a voltage equal to or higher than the saturation voltage is applied to both the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b, the respective liquid crystal materials 7 of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are twisted by 90 °.
- a liquid crystal element is referred to as an R-TN type liquid crystal element.
- the incident light 20 to the liquid crystal shutter 5 passes through the polarizer 9 to become polarized light, and the incident light 20 that is the polarized light is incident on the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b. Since the polarization plane of the incident light 20 is not rotated by the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b, the incident light 20 cannot pass through the analyzer 10, and the liquid crystal shutter 5 is in a shielding state.
- the state of the liquid crystal shutter 5 is changed from the shielding state to the transmission state, and is also blocked from the transmission state. Can be in a state. For this reason, the state of the liquid crystal shutter 5 can be switched at high speed.
- the voltage is applied in the order of the liquid crystal elements 8b and 8a, but the voltage may be applied in the order of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the mechanism for suppressing light leakage described above is a mechanism for suppressing light leakage with respect to light incident from the front of the liquid crystal shutter 5.
- the liquid crystal element has viewing angle characteristics, a mechanism for suppressing lateral light leakage in which light leaks laterally with respect to the observer is required.
- the alignment processing direction of the alignment film aligned in the same direction of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b is the width direction of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100, that is, the center line of the face of the observer.
- the major axis of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate 6 having the alignment film aligned in the width direction is away from the substrate 6 toward the inside of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100, the center of the face of the observer 2 It became possible to suppress light leakage in the direction.
- the alignment film is a vertical alignment film
- the alignment film is horizontally aligned when the alignment treatment direction of the alignment film aligned in the same direction of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b is arranged in the width direction of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100.
- the film it is possible to suppress the light leakage in the lateral direction especially for the observer when both the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are OFF.
- the alignment films of the pair of substrates 6 of each liquid crystal element are subjected to an alignment process in a direction crossing each other.
- the alignment films are all horizontal alignment films 11 or vertical alignment films.
- the liquid crystal material 7 has positive dielectric anisotropy and the alignment films are vertical alignment films.
- the liquid crystal material 7 has negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the twist directions of the liquid crystal materials sealed in the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b adjacent to each other are opposite to each other.
- the liquid crystal molecules 12a of the liquid crystal element 8a and the liquid crystal molecules 12b of the liquid crystal element 8b are twisted in opposite directions when the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are in the OFF state in which the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b transition from both ON states to both OFF states. For this reason, since it is possible to make a transition to both OFF states while maintaining the shielding state, it is possible to suppress light leakage at the time of OFF.
- the alignment film is a vertical alignment film
- liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the vertical alignment film remain in the vertical alignment state even when a voltage is applied, so that it is possible to further suppress lateral light leakage.
- the alignment films on the substrates 6 adjacent to each other of the stacked liquid crystal elements are subjected to alignment treatment in directions orthogonal to each other. In this case, the contrast between the transmission state and the shielding state can be further increased.
- the product of the thickness of each liquid crystal material 7 enclosed in the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b and the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal material is equal or substantially equal.
- the polarization plane of the incident light is rotated by approximately the same amount (in the reverse direction), so that it is possible to further suppress light leakage at the time of shielding.
- the chiral pitches of the liquid crystal materials 7 sealed in the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are equal or substantially equal.
- the polarization plane of the incident light is rotated at a substantially equal ratio, so that it is possible to further suppress light leakage at the time of shielding.
- the alignment film of one of the pair of substrates included in the liquid crystal element is subjected to an alignment process in the width direction of the liquid crystal glasses 100. In this case, it is possible to suppress light leakage in the lateral direction with respect to the observer.
- the alignment films of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are horizontal alignment films. Further, the major axis of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate having the alignment film aligned in the width direction of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100 is separated from the substrate 6 toward the inside of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100. In this case, it is possible to prevent light from leaking from the face center direction in which the eyes are likely to approach when visually recognizing a display or the like.
- Example 1 of the present invention the luminance distribution of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100 using the horizontal alignment film 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12A to 12D.
- liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b There are two liquid crystal elements, liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are 90 ° TN type liquid crystal elements having a liquid crystal layer thickness d of 2.3 ⁇ m and a positive dielectric anisotropy ⁇ n (0.17).
- the alignment treatment directions 15b and 15d of the alignment film aligned in the same direction of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are orthogonal to the center line 16 of the face of the observer. Further, it is assumed that the orientation of the pretilt angle in the orientation processing directions 15b and 15d is the center direction of the face of the observer 2.
- the liquid crystal material 7 of each of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b has a chiral pitch corresponding to the twist direction, and the dielectric anisotropy ⁇ n is positive 0.17.
- FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram showing a luminance distribution when a voltage (5 V) is applied to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b in the liquid crystal shutter 5 shown in FIG.
- ⁇ represents an azimuth angle
- ⁇ represents a polar angle
- FIGS. 12B to 12D are explanatory diagrams showing the luminance distribution when the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are OFF (when the both ON state (5 V applied state) changes to the both OFF state (no voltage applied state)).
- 12B shows a luminance distribution corresponding to a voltage of 4V
- FIG. 12C shows a luminance distribution corresponding to a voltage of 3V
- FIG. 12D shows a luminance distribution equivalent to a voltage of 2V.
- the light leakage region 24 does not exist in the direction toward the center of the face where the observer's eyes can easily approach, so that light leakage in the lateral direction can be suppressed.
- Example 2 the response time of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b used in the liquid crystal shutter glasses described in Example 1 and light leakage when OFF will be described with reference to FIG.
- the response time (the time required for the change from the transmittance of 10% to the transmittance of 90%) until the transition from the shielding state to the transmission state was 0.6 mS.
- the response time until the transition from the transmission state to the shielding state (the time required for the change from the transmittance 90% to the transmittance 10%) is the same as the response time until the transition from the shielding state to the transmission state is 0.6 mS. Met.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing light leakage in the front direction of the liquid crystal shutter 5.
- the horizontal axis indicates time [mS]
- the vertical axis indicates light transmittance [%].
- a voltage 26 indicates a voltage applied to the first liquid crystal element
- a voltage 27 indicates a voltage applied to the second liquid crystal element.
- the electro-optic response 28 indicates the electro-optic response (transmittance) of the liquid crystal shutter 5.
- the light transmittance is near 0% even when the liquid crystal element shutter 5 is in the both-on state and both-off state in which the liquid crystal element shutter 5 is in the shielding state, or at the OFF state when the both-on state transitions to the both-off state. In these cases, there is no significant difference in light transmittance. Therefore, it can be seen that an electro-optical response without light leakage in the front direction of the liquid crystal shutter 5 can be obtained in the shielding state and in the OFF state.
- Example 3 of the present invention the luminance distribution of the liquid crystal shutter glasses 100 using the vertical alignment film will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15A to 15D.
- liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b There are two liquid crystal elements, liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b.
- the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are R-TN liquid crystal elements having a liquid crystal layer thickness d of 2.3 ⁇ m and a dielectric anisotropy ⁇ n of ⁇ 0.17.
- the alignment treatment directions 15b and 15d of the alignment film aligned in the same direction of the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are orthogonal to the center line 16 of the face of the observer. Further, it is assumed that the orientation of the pretilt angle in the orientation processing directions 15b and 15d is the center direction of the face of the observer 2.
- ⁇ represents an azimuth angle
- ⁇ represents a polar angle
- FIG. 15A is an explanatory diagram showing a luminance distribution when a voltage (5 V) is applied to the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b in the liquid crystal shutter 5 shown in FIG. In this case, both the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are turned on, and the liquid crystal shutter 5 is shielded.
- FIGS. 15B to 15D are explanatory diagrams showing luminance distributions when the liquid crystal elements 8a and 8b are turned off (when changing from both ON states (5 V applied state) to both OFF states (no voltage applied state)).
- 15B shows a luminance distribution corresponding to a voltage of 4V
- FIG. 15C shows a luminance distribution corresponding to a voltage of 3V
- FIG. 15D shows a luminance distribution equivalent to a voltage of 2V.
- FIG. 15A to FIG. 15D compared with the case where the TN liquid crystal element is laminated in two layers (FIGS. 12A to 12D), except for the time corresponding to 3V application (FIG. 15C), A wide viewing angle characteristic with a horizontal shielding area was obtained.
- Examples of the use of the present invention include display systems using liquid crystal shutter glasses such as a stereoscopic display system using a time-division display and a multi-view display system.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の活用例として、時分割表示ディスプレイを利用した立体表示システムやマルチビュー表示システム等の液晶シャッターめがねを用いるディスプレイシステムが挙げられる。
Claims (7)
- 配向膜が塗布された1対の基板と各基板間に封入された液晶材料とを有する複数の液晶素子が積層された積層構造体と、前記積層構造体の両側のうちの一方に設けられた偏光子と、前記積層構造体の両側のうちの他方に設けられた検光子と、を有し、
前記液晶素子の一対の配向膜は、互いに交差する方向に配向処理され、
前記配向膜は、全て水平配向膜か全て垂直配向膜であり、前記配向膜が前記水平配向膜の場合、前記液晶材料は正の誘電率異方性を有し、前記配向膜が前記垂直配向膜の場合、前記液晶材料は負の誘電率異方性を有し、
前記積層構造体内の互いに隣接する液晶素子に封入された液晶材料のねじれ方向が互いに逆向きである、液晶シャッター。 - 請求項1に記載の液晶シャッターにおいて、
前記積層された液晶素子の互いに隣接する基板の配向膜は、互いに直交する方向に配向処理される、液晶シャッター。 - 請求項1または2に記載の液晶シャッターにおいて、
各液晶素子に封入された各液晶材料の厚さと当該液晶材料の屈折率異方性との積のそれぞれが、等しいまたは略等しい、液晶シャッター。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の液晶シャッターにおいて、
各液晶素子に封入された各液晶材料のカイラルピッチが、等しいまたは略等しい、液晶シャッター。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の液晶シャッターを有する液晶シャッターめがね。
- 請求項5に記載の液晶シャッターめがねにおいて、
前記液晶素子は、2つあり、
前記液晶素子のそれぞれにおいて、当該液晶素子に含まれる1対の基板のうちの一方の基板の配向膜が、前記液晶シャッターめがねの幅方向に配向処理されている、液晶シャッターめがね。 - 請求項6に記載の液晶シャッターめがねにおいて、
前記配向膜は、前記水平配向膜であり、
前記幅方向に配向処理された配向膜を有する基板上の液晶分子の長軸が、前記液晶シャッターめがねの内側に向かうに従い当該基板から離れている、液晶シャッターめがね。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/201,005 US20110317082A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2010-02-24 | Liquid crystal shutter and liquid crystal shutter glasses |
| JP2011501613A JPWO2010098341A1 (ja) | 2009-02-26 | 2010-02-24 | 液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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| JP2009044045 | 2009-02-26 | ||
| JP2009-044045 | 2009-02-26 |
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| WO2010098341A1 true WO2010098341A1 (ja) | 2010-09-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2010/052828 Ceased WO2010098341A1 (ja) | 2009-02-26 | 2010-02-24 | 液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね |
Country Status (3)
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| US (1) | US20110317082A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2010098341A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010098341A1 (ja) |
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| WO2011125462A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-13 | シャープ株式会社 | アクティブシャッターメガネ及び立体映像認識システム |
| WO2012073736A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-07 | シャープ株式会社 | 立体映像認識システム |
| JP2012108471A (ja) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-06-07 | Fujifilm Corp | 立体画像認識装置 |
| JP2012127997A (ja) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-05 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 液晶シャッター装置 |
| US20130083261A1 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2013-04-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Active shutter glasses and a stereoscopic image projection system |
| JP5267666B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2013-08-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | 液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね |
| JP2013538368A (ja) * | 2010-08-17 | 2013-10-10 | エルシー−テック ディスプレイズ アーベー | 高速液晶偏光変調器 |
| JP2019020478A (ja) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-02-07 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP2019020477A (ja) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-02-07 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
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| KR20120132240A (ko) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-12-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복수의 사용자에게 복수의 영상을 제공하는 듀얼 뷰 디스플레이 방법 및 듀얼 뷰 안경 구동 방법, 이를 적용한 디스플레이 장치 및 듀얼 뷰 안경 |
| US8976306B2 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-03-10 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Shutter glasses and related 3D display system |
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| JP5267666B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-19 | 2013-08-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | 液晶シャッターおよび液晶シャッターめがね |
| US8619204B2 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2013-12-31 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal shutter and liquid crystal shutter eyeglass |
| CN102792212A (zh) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-11-21 | 夏普株式会社 | 主动快门眼镜和立体视频识别系统 |
| US9210412B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2015-12-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Active shutter glasses and a stereoscopic image projection system wherein viewing angles of a shutter section for the left and right eyes are wider on right and left sides than on upper and lower sides |
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| US20130083261A1 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2013-04-04 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Active shutter glasses and a stereoscopic image projection system |
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| JP2019020478A (ja) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-02-07 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP2019020477A (ja) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-02-07 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP7063557B2 (ja) | 2017-07-12 | 2022-05-09 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
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| US20110317082A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
| JPWO2010098341A1 (ja) | 2012-09-06 |
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