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WO2010091584A1 - 一种载波频率处理装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种载波频率处理装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091584A1
WO2010091584A1 PCT/CN2009/075681 CN2009075681W WO2010091584A1 WO 2010091584 A1 WO2010091584 A1 WO 2010091584A1 CN 2009075681 W CN2009075681 W CN 2009075681W WO 2010091584 A1 WO2010091584 A1 WO 2010091584A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
packet
subspace
weight
subcarrier
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PCT/CN2009/075681
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王衍文
录显明
张力
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to EP09839907.4A priority Critical patent/EP2388926B1/en
Priority to US13/201,581 priority patent/US20110299623A1/en
Publication of WO2010091584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091584A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0606—Space-frequency coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/068—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using space frequency diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wave frequency processing technique in a mobile communication system, and more particularly to a multi-antenna wave frequency processing apparatus and method. Background technique
  • the downlink defines the diversity mode when the transmit antenna is 2 antennas. It is space-frequency block coding (SFBC, Space Frequency).
  • SFBC Space Frequency
  • Block Codes whose coding matrix is where each row of the coding matrix corresponds
  • each column corresponds to a different antenna.
  • the row data of the coding matrix represents data transmitted on the frequency; the column data represents data mapped to the antenna. From top to bottom, the first row represents data transmitted on frequency 1, and the second row represents data transmitted on frequency 2; from left to right, the first column represents mapping to antenna 1. Data, the second column represents the data mapped to antenna 2.
  • X* indicates that X is conjugated, and the ⁇ port represents the pair X, and the conjugate is obtained.
  • the diversity mode when the downlink is defined as 4 antennas is frequency switching diversity (SFBC+FSTD, SFBC + Frequency Switch Time Division), and the coding matrix is: where each row of the coding matrix corresponds to a different frequency;
  • the row data of the coding matrix represents the data transmitted on the frequency; the column data represents the mapping
  • the fourth row represents data transmitted on frequency 4; from left to right, the first column represents data mapped to antenna 1, the second column represents data mapped to antenna 2, and the third column represents mapping to antenna 3.
  • the fourth column represents the data mapped to the antenna 4.
  • , and 3 ⁇ 4 are symbols before the space-frequency block coding, and X* means to conjugate to X, for example, to represent a conjugate.
  • LTE-A Long-Term Evolution Advanced
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a wave frequency processing apparatus and method, which can realize multi-antenna diversity with high efficiency and directed coverage in the case of 8 antennas or even more antennas, and improve diversity gain.
  • a wave frequency processing device comprising: a setting unit, a coding unit, a mapping unit, and a packet beam generating unit;
  • a setting unit configured to: set an encoding matrix, and send the encoding matrix to a coding unit; and a coding unit, configured to encode the input initial data according to the coding matrix;
  • mapping unit configured to obtain encoded column data from the coding unit, and map to an antenna packet corresponding to the subspace
  • a packet beam generating unit is configured to generate a packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the packet beam generating unit is further configured to calculate a weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and generate a directional packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • a wave frequency processing method comprising:
  • An encoding matrix is set, and a row corresponding to a frequency of the encoding matrix is an adjacent subcarrier, and a column corresponding space is an adjacent subspace in which the entire space is divided; Initializing the initial data according to the coding matrix;
  • the encoded column data is obtained and mapped to an antenna packet corresponding to the subspace; the packet beam generating unit performs beamforming and generates a packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the encoded column data is further mapped to an antenna packet corresponding to the subspace via a port;
  • mapping the encoded column data is mapped to at least one antenna packet via one port, and each antenna packet includes at least one antenna.
  • the generating the packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet is further: the antenna group calculates a weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and generates a directional packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the direction corresponding to the main lobe of the directional packet beam is: the direction of the arrival angle of the antenna with the largest transmit signal energy of the antenna.
  • the coding matrix is: X l , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are
  • the initial data is as follows: the different frequencies corresponding to each row of the coding matrix are adjacent different subcarriers, which are subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3 and subcarrier 4 from top to bottom; the different spaces corresponding to each column are: The adjacent different subspaces, which are divided into the entire space covered by the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna, are subspace 1, subspace 2, subspace 3, and subspace 4 from left to right.
  • the code is a space-frequency block code; the initial data is encoded, and the space-frequency block coding is performed according to the coding matrix, and then sent on the sub-carrier 1
  • Sub-space 2 corresponding antenna group 2; will be mapped to the antenna corresponding to sub-space 3
  • Group 3 will be mapped to antenna group 4 corresponding to subspace 4.
  • the antenna packet calculates a weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and the directional packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet is specifically:
  • the antenna packet 1 corresponding to the subspace 1 calculates a first weight, and generates a directed packet beam 1 corresponding to the antenna packet 1 by the first weight w 12 ]; the data transmitted by the directed packet beam 1 is: x l w n + x x w i
  • the antenna packet 2 corresponding to the subspace 2 calculates a second weight, and generates a directional packet beam 2 corresponding to the antenna packet 1 by the second weight [w 21 w 22 ]; the data transmitted by the directional packet beam 2 is :
  • x 4 w 21 + x 4 w 2 antenna group 3 corresponding to subspace 3 calculates a third weight, and generates a directed packet beam 3 corresponding to antenna packet 3 by a third weight [w 31 w 32 ];
  • the data sent by the directional packet beam 3 is: -x 2 w 31 - x 2 w 31
  • the antenna group 4 corresponding to the subspace 4 calculates a fourth weight, and generates a directional packet beam 4 corresponding to the antenna packet 4 by the fourth weight [w 41 w 42 ]; the data transmitted by the directional packet beam 4 is :
  • the present invention sets an encoding matrix, and the row corresponding frequency of the encoding matrix is an adjacent subcarrier, and the column corresponding space is an adjacent subspace in which the entire space is divided; the input initial data is encoded according to the encoding matrix, and is in the sub- The encoded row data is transmitted on the carrier; the encoded column data is mapped to the antenna packet corresponding to the subspace; beamforming is performed and a packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet is generated.
  • the coding matrix provided by the present invention has a column corresponding space which is an adjacent subspace which is divided into the entire space, and is different from the coding matrix set in the prior art, and the column corresponds to the entire coverage of the antenna of the antenna.
  • a specific antenna in space It can be seen that the present invention replaces a specific antenna in the entire space with a subspace in the setting of the coding matrix, and the subspace can correspond to the antenna group, and each antenna packet includes a plurality of antennas.
  • the use of the present invention is not limited by the specific number of antennas, and is applicable to either eight antennas or more.
  • the subspace partitioning can also be flexibly configured and expanded according to actual needs, unlike the entire space used in the prior art, which cannot be configured and expanded.
  • the packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet generated by the combination of space-frequency block coding constitutes 8 antennas in the MIMO system of the present invention.
  • the wave frequency coding solution can also be called the wave frequency coded transmission mode.
  • the present invention will Performing beamforming on each of the plurality of antenna groups may generate a plurality of directional packet beams corresponding to the antenna packets, that is, grouping the plurality of antennas into a plurality of beams that are directionally covered in the sector, and replacing the directional beam with the directional beam.
  • the directional, omnidirectional coverage of the transmitted signal of the antenna provides a significant gain in terms of equivalent power and transmit diversity.
  • the present invention better solves the transmission and data transmission in the case of 8 antennas or even more antennas, and can realize multi-antenna diversity with high efficiency and directed coverage in the case of multiple antennas, and improves diversity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation process of the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of mapping of a virtual antenna port to an actual antenna group according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of generating a packet beam corresponding to a multi-antenna packet according to the present invention.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: setting an encoding matrix, and replacing a specific antenna in the entire space with subspaces in the setting of the encoding matrix, and the subspaces may correspond to antenna groups, and each antenna group includes a plurality of antennas.
  • Combining the coding according to the coding matrix with the packet beam corresponding to the antenna group generated by performing beamforming constitutes a wave coding solution of 8 antennas or more antennas in the MIMO system of the present invention, A significant diversity gain can be obtained.
  • a wave frequency processing device includes: a setting unit, a coding unit, a mapping unit, and a packet beam generating unit.
  • the setting unit is configured to set an encoding matrix, and send the encoding matrix to the encoding unit.
  • the coding unit is configured to encode the input initial data in accordance with an encoding matrix.
  • the mapping unit is configured to obtain the encoded column data from the coding unit and map to the subspace Corresponding antenna grouping.
  • the packet beam generating unit is configured to perform beamforming and generate a packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the packet beam generating unit is further configured to calculate a weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and generate a directional packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • a wave frequency processing method includes:
  • Step 101 Set a unit to set an encoding matrix.
  • the row corresponding frequency of the coding matrix is an adjacent subcarrier
  • the column corresponding space is an adjacent subspace in which the entire space is divided.
  • the entire space refers to the entire space covered by the antenna's transmitted signal.
  • Step 102 Input initial data into a coding unit, where the coding unit is coded according to an coding matrix.
  • the mapping unit maps the encoded column data to the antenna group corresponding to the subspace through the port.
  • the port of the present invention can be understood as a virtual antenna port, which is different from the actual antenna port corresponding to each antenna of the prior art.
  • the antenna grouping of the present invention can be understood as an actual antenna grouping including a plurality of antennas.
  • mapping when mapping, the encoded column data is mapped to a plurality of antenna packets via one port, and each antenna packet includes a plurality of antennas.
  • Step 104 The packet beam generating unit performs beamforming and generates a packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the specific processing procedure of step 104 is:
  • the antenna packet calculates a weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and generates an directional packet beam corresponding to the antenna packet.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam has a corresponding direction: the direction of the arrival angle of the antenna with the largest transmitted signal energy.
  • the coding matrix set in step 101 may be specifically: wherein, 3 ⁇ 4, 3 ⁇ 4, and
  • the first data corresponding to each row of the coding matrix is a different adjacent subcarrier, which is subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3 and subcarrier 4 from top to bottom; the different spaces corresponding to each column are:
  • the adjacent different subspaces divided by the omnidirectional coverage of the antenna transmission signal are subspace 1, subspace 2, subspace 3, and subspace 4 from left to right.
  • the row data of the coding matrix represents data transmitted on adjacent different subcarriers, and from top to bottom, the first row represents data transmitted on the subcarrier oo 1 , and the second row represents The data transmitted on subcarrier 2, the third row represents data transmitted on subcarrier 3, and the fourth row represents data transmitted on subcarrier 4.
  • the column data of the coding matrix represents data mapped to antenna groups corresponding to different adjacent subspaces. From left to right, the first column represents data mapped to the antenna group corresponding to subspace 1, and the second column represents data. The data mapped to the antenna group corresponding to the subspace 2, the third column represents the data mapped to the antenna packet corresponding to the subspace 3, and the fourth column represents the data mapped to the antenna packet corresponding to the subspace 4.
  • the coding mode of the code is space-frequency block coding, ?3, , and are symbols before the space-frequency block coding
  • X* indicates that X is conjugated, for example, to indicate a conjugate.
  • the coding mode of the coding may be specifically a space frequency block coding.
  • the coding unit performs space frequency block coding according to the coding matrix.
  • [; ⁇ 0 -x 2 0] is transmitted on subcarrier 1; [ 0 X; 0] is transmitted on subcarrier 2; [0 x 3 0 - 3 ⁇ 4 ] is transmitted on subcarrier 3; Send [0 x 4 0 - *] on.
  • the coding method of the coding is various, and is not limited to the space frequency block coding, and the coding mode may also be space time block coding.
  • each row of the coding matrix corresponds to a different time, and the corresponding space corresponding to each column is still: Adjacent different subspaces divided by the entire space of the signal omnidirectional coverage
  • step 103 the mapping unit maps X 2 to the antenna packet 1 corresponding to the subspace 1;
  • the corresponding antenna group 3 will be mapped to the antenna group 4 corresponding to the subspace 4.
  • the method further includes: in the packet beam generating unit, the antenna group 1 corresponding to the sub-work 1 calculates the first weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and is determined by the first weight [w u w 12 ] generating directional packet beam 1 corresponding to antenna packet 1; directional packet x 1 w n + x x w i
  • the data transmitted by beam 1 is: in the packet beamforming unit, with subspace 2
  • 0 corresponding antenna group 2 calculates a second weight according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and generates a directional packet beam 2 corresponding to the antenna group 1 by the second weight [w 21 w 22 ];
  • the data sent is: In the packet beamforming unit, the day corresponding to subspace 3 x 3 w 21 + x 3 w
  • x 4 w 21 + x 4 w line packet 3 calculates a third weight based on the channel information fed back from the terminal side, and generates a directional packet beam 3 corresponding to the antenna packet 3 by the third weight [w 31 w 32 ];
  • the data sent by packet beam 3 is: -x 2 w 31 - x 2 w,
  • the antenna group 4 corresponding to the subspace 4 is based on
  • the channel information fed back by the terminal side calculates the fourth weight, and the directional packet beam 4 corresponding to the antenna group 4 is generated by the fourth weight [w 41 w 42 ]; the data sent by the directional packet beam 4 is:
  • the following method embodiments are a wave frequency processing method applied to an LTE-A system of 8 antennas, and may also be referred to as a transmission method of an LTE-A system at 8 antennas.
  • the 8-antenna downlink transmit space-frequency block coding is combined with the packet beamforming, that is, the spatial-frequency block-encoded data is mapped to the actual antenna group through different virtual antenna ports, and then grouped by multiple different antennas. Packet beamforming is performed separately.
  • the solution of wave-frequency coding or space-frequency block coding combined with 8-antenna packet beamforming is compared to the existing simple 4-antenna space-frequency block coding diversity technique, which transmits on a daily basis.
  • the 8-antenna wave-frequency coding not only has diversity gain, but also has power gain and an increase in coverage. Therefore, with the method embodiment, a solution using space-frequency block coding combined with 8-antenna packet beamforming will bring many benefits to the system. The method embodiments are specifically described below.
  • the method embodiment is: a wave frequency processing method applied to an 8-antenna LTE-A system.
  • the implementation process of the wave frequency processing method includes the following steps: Step 201: Set an encoding matrix, where 3 ⁇ 4, 3 ⁇ 4, and
  • the row of the coding matrix represents the adjacent subcarriers, from top to bottom, subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3, and subcarrier 4; the column indicates the adjacent subspace, which is subordinated from left to right. 1, subspace 2, subspace 3, and subspace 4.
  • the subspace 1, the subspace 2, the subspace 3, and the subspace 4 respectively correspond to: a packet beam generated by an antenna group corresponding to the respective subspace.
  • subspace 1 corresponds to: packet beam 1 generated by antenna packet 1 corresponding to subspace 1.
  • Step 202 Perform coding according to an encoding matrix, and perform space frequency block coding according to the coding matrix. Then send [; ⁇ 0 -x 2 0] on subcarrier 1 and send on subcarrier 2
  • Step 203 Mapping the port to the antenna packet, that is, mapping the data encoded by the space frequency packet to the corresponding actual antenna packet via the virtual antenna port.
  • mapping the space-frequency block coded data is mapped to at least one actual antenna packet via a virtual antenna port, and each actual antenna packet contains at least one antenna.
  • the 8 antennas can be divided into 4 antenna groups, and each antenna group includes two antennas.
  • virtual antenna port 1 may be mapped to antenna packet 1, and antenna packet 1 is composed of antenna 1 and antenna 2; virtual antenna port 2 is mapped to antenna packet 2, and antenna packet 2 is composed of antenna 3 and antenna 4;
  • the virtual antenna port 3 is mapped to the antenna packet 3, and the antenna packet 3 is composed of the antenna 5 and the antenna 6; the virtual antenna port 4 is mapped to the antenna packet 4, and the antenna packet 4 is composed of the antenna 7 and the antenna 8.
  • Step 204 packet beamforming, that is, performing beamforming separately for each antenna group.
  • the base station side 8 antenna is divided into 4 antenna groups, and each antenna group includes two antennas.
  • Each antenna group calculates a weight based on the channel information fed back from the terminal side, and generates a directional packet beam corresponding to each antenna group by the weight.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam corresponds to the direction of the arrival angle of the transmitted signal energy of the antenna in the antenna group, as shown in the schematic diagram of the generation of the packet beam corresponding to the multi-antenna packet of FIG.
  • Directional packet beam 1 The calculated weight [W U W 12 ] is formed, and the direction is directed to the terminal.
  • the weight value [W U W 12 ] is calculated according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and the weight value is calculated by using the prior art, that is, the weight value is calculated by using the DOA (Direction of Arrival) of the signal.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam 1 corresponds to the direction of the arrival angle of the transmission signal energy of the antenna in the antenna group 1, and the antenna packet 1 is composed of the antenna 1 and the antenna 2.
  • the data sent by bundle 1 is , that is, for subcarrier 1, the day in antenna group 1
  • antenna 1 in antenna group 1 transmits x 2 w n
  • antenna 2 transmits x 2 w 12 .
  • the directional packet beam 2 is formed by the calculated weight [w 21 w 22 ], and the direction is directed to the terminal.
  • the weight [w 21 is calculated according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and the weight is calculated by using the prior art, that is, the weight is calculated by using the DOA of the signal.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam 2 corresponds to the direction of the arrival angle of the transmission signal energy of the antenna in the antenna packet 2, and the antenna packet 2 is composed of the antenna 3 and the antenna 4.
  • the data transmitted by bundle 2 is, that is, for subcarrier 3, the day x 3 w 21 + x 3 w 2 in antenna group 2
  • the directional packet beam 3 is formed by the calculated weight [w 31 w 32 ], and the direction is directed to the terminal. Wherein, the weight [w 31 w 32 ] is calculated according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and the weight is calculated using the prior art. The weight is calculated using the DOA of the signal.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam 3 corresponds to the direction of the arrival angle of the transmission signal energy of the antenna in the antenna packet 3, and the antenna packet 3 is composed of the antenna 5 and the antenna 6.
  • the data transmitted by bundle 3 is , that is, for subcarrier 1, the antenna group 3
  • Antenna 5 transmits -; c 31 , Antenna 6 transmits -; c 32 ;
  • antenna 5 in antenna group 3 transmits JC*W 31 and antenna 6 transmits JC*W 32 .
  • the directional packet beam 4 is formed by the calculated weight [w 41 w 42 ], and the direction is directed to the terminal.
  • the weight [w 41 w 42 ] is calculated according to the channel information fed back by the terminal side, and the weight is calculated by using the prior art, that is, the weight is calculated by using the DOA of the signal.
  • the main lobe of the directional packet beam 4 corresponds to the direction of the arrival angle of the transmission signal energy of the antenna in the antenna packet 4, and the antenna packet 4 is composed of the antenna 7 and the antenna 8.
  • the data transmitted by bundle 4 is, that is, for subcarrier 3, x 3 w 4l + x 3 w 42 antenna 7 in antenna packet 4 transmits -c > 41 , antenna 8 transmits -c > 42 ; for subcarrier 4 Said antenna 7 in antenna group 4 transmits x 3 * w 41 and antenna 8 transmits x 3 * w 42 .
  • the method of the method provides a wave frequency processing method in an 8-antenna LTE-A system, and the wave frequency processing method may also be referred to as a wave frequency code transmission method.
  • the 8-antenna downlink space-frequency block coding is combined with the packet beam generation, and the different symbols are mapped to different sub-space beams, which solves the problem of the space-frequency processing when the prior art does not provide 8 antennas, that is, 8 cannot be realized.
  • Embodiments of the method are used to transmit signals on different subcarriers When the omnidirectional coverage beam is replaced by the directional coverage beam, the coverage is large, and the beam has directivity.
  • the 8-antenna wave frequency coding will bring the equivalent power gain of 3db, which is especially important in the case of limited channel power. . Moreover, better diversity gain and good coverage can be obtained without adding additional pilot overhead.

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Description

一种载波频率処理装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信系统中的波频处理技术， 尤其涉及一种多天线波 频处理装置及方法。 背景技术
在 3Gpp长期演进（ LTE, Long-Term Evolution ) 系统中， 下行定义了 发射天线为 2天线时的分集方式为空频分组编码 ( SFBC, Space Frequency
Block Codes ) , 其编码矩阵为 其中， 编码矩阵的每一行对应
Figure imgf000003_0001
不同的频率； 每一列对应不同的天线。 编码矩阵的行数据代表在频率上发 送的数据； 列数据代表映射到天线的数据。 则由上到下依次来说， 第一行 代表在频率 1上发送的数据， 第二行代表在频率 2上发送的数据； 由左到 右依次来说， 第一列代表映射到天线 1 的数据， 第二列代表映射到天线 2 的数据。 而且， 和 为空频分组编码前的符号， X*表示对 X求共轭， 比 ^口 表示对 X,求共辄。
LTE 系统中， 下行还定义了 4 天线时的分集方式为频率切换分集 ( SFBC+FSTD, SFBC +Frequency Switch Time Division ) , 其编码矩阵为： 其中， 编码矩阵的每一行对应不同的频率； 每一列对应不
Figure imgf000003_0002
同的天线。 编码矩阵的行数据代表在频率上发送的数据； 列数据代表映射 第四行代表在频率 4上发送的数据； 由左到右依次来说， 第一列代表映射 到天线 1的数据， 第二列代表映射到天线 2的数据， 第三列代表映射到天 线 3的数据， 第四列代表映射到天线 4的数据。 而且， 、 、 ¾和 为 空频分组编码前的符号， X*表示对 X求共轭， 比如 表示对 求共轭。
在 3Gpp长期演进高级 ( LTE-A, Long-Term Evolution Advanced )系统 中， 为了提高下行的数据传输速率和频谱利用率， 获得更多分集增益， 下 行最多可使用 8根天线进行发射。 然而， 目前针对 8天线的情况， 并未提 供相对应的解决方案， 无法实现 8天线时的多天线分集。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种波频处理装置及方法， 能 实现 8天线甚至更多天线个数情况下高效的、 定向覆盖的多天线分集， 提 高了分集增益。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种波频处理装置， 该装置包括： 设置单元、 编码单元、 映射单元和 分组波束生成单元； 其中，
设置单元， 用于设置编码矩阵， 并将所述编码矩阵发送给编码单元； 编码单元， 用于将输入的初始数据按照所述编码矩阵编码；
映射单元， 用于从编码单元获取编码后的列数据， 并映射到与子空间 相对应的天线分组；
分组波束生成单元， 用于生成与所述天线分组相对应的分组波束。 其中， 所述分组波束生成单元， 进一步用于根据终端侧反馈的信道信 息计算出权值， 生成与所述天线分组相对应的定向分组波束。
一种波频处理方法， 该方法包括：
设置编码矩阵， 且所述编码矩阵的行对应频率为相邻子载波， 列对应 空间为将整个空间划分而成的相邻子空间； 将初始数据按照所述编码矩阵编码；
获取编码后的列数据， 并映射到与所述子空间相对应的天线分组； 分组波束生成单元执行波束生成， 并生成与所述天线分组相对应的分 组波束。
其中， 所述编码后的列数据， 进一步经端口映射到与所述子空间相对 应的天线分组；
映射时， 所述编码后的列数据经一个端口映射到至少一个天线分组中， 每一个天线分组中包括至少一根天线。
其中， 所述生成与天线分组相对应的分组波束进一步为： 所述天线分 组根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 生成与天线分组相对应的定向 分组波束。
其中， 所述定向分组波束的主瓣对应的指向为： 所述天线分组中天线 的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向。 其中， 所述编码矩阵为: Xl , X2、 X3和 X4为所
Figure imgf000005_0001
述初始数据； 编码矩阵的每一行对应的不同频率为相邻的不同子载波， 由 上到下依次为子载波 1、 子载波 2、 子载波 3和子载波 4; 每一列对应的不 同空间为： 将天线发射信号全向覆盖的整个空间划分而成的相邻的不同子 空间， 由左到右依次为子空间 1、 子空间 2、 子空间 3和子空间 4。
其中， 所述编码为空频分组编码； 将初始数据 ·¾、 、 和 按照所 述编码矩阵进行所述空频分组编码， 此时在所述子载波 1 上发送
0 -x2 0]； 在所述子载波 2上发送 [¾ 0 X； 0]； 在所述子载波 3上 发送 [0 x3 0 - ¾]； 在所述子载波 4上发送 [0 x4 0 0
X2 0
其中， 将 映射到与子空间 1相对应的天线分组 1; 将 映射到与
0
0 X4
~Χ2
子空间 2相对应的天线分组 2; 将 映射到与子空间 3相对应的天线
0
0
0
0
组 3; 将 映射到与子空间 4相对应的天线分组 4。
其中， 所述天线分组根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 生成与 天线分组相对应的定向分组波束具体为：
与子空间 1相对应的天线分组 1计算第一权值，并由第一权值 w12] 生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 1;定向分组波束 1发送的数据为： xlwn + xxwi
x2wn + x2wr
0
0 与子空间 2相对应的天线分组 2计算第二权值，并由第二权值 [w21 w22] 生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 2;定向分组波束 2发送的数据为：
0
0
x3w21+x3w2,
x4w21+x4w2 与子空间 3相对应的天线分组 3计算第三权值，并由第三权值 [w31 w32] 生成与天线分组 3相对应的定向分组波束 3;定向分组波束 3发送的数据为： -x2w31 - x2w31
x w3i + x w3i .
0 ，
0 与子空间 4相对应的天线分组 4计算第四权值，并由第四权值 [w41 w42 ] 生成与天线分组 4相对应的定向分组波束 4;定向分组波束 4发送的数据为：
。
Figure imgf000007_0001
本发明设置编码矩阵， 且该编码矩阵的行对应频率为相邻子载波， 列 对应空间为将整个空间划分而成的相邻子空间； 将输入的初始数据按照该 编码矩阵编码， 且在子载波上发送编码后的行数据； 将编码后的列数据映 射到与子空间相对应的天线分组； 执行波束生成并生成与天线分组相对应 的分组波束。
本发明所设置的编码矩阵， 其列对应空间为将整个空间划分而成的相 邻子空间， 区别于现有技术中所设置的编码矩阵， 其列对应天线的发射信 号所全向覆盖的整个空间中的某根具体天线。 可见本发明在编码矩阵的设 置上以子空间取代整个空间中的某根具体天线， 而子空间可对应于天线分 组， 每个天线分组中包括多根天线。 从而， 采用本发明不受具体天线根数 的限制， 无论是 8根天线还是更多的天线都适用。 而且子空间的划分也可 根据实际需要灵活配置和扩展， 不像现有技术所采用的整个空间无法配置 和扩展。
编码的编码方式多种多样， 比如可以采用空频分组编码， 则由空频分 组编码结合生成的与天线分组相对应的分组波束， 就构成了本发明的多输 入多输出系统中的 8天线乃至更多天线的其中一种波频编码解决方案， 该 波频编码解决方案也可以称为波频编码的发射方式。 进一步地， 本发明将 多个天线分组分别执行波束生成可以生成与天线分组相对应的多个定向分 组波束， 即将多个天线分组形成扇区内定向覆盖的多个波束， 以有方向性 的波束代替现有技术中无方向性的、 天线发射信号所全向覆盖相对应的编 码， 使得系统在等效功率和发射分集等方面获得显著的增益。
综上所述， 采用本发明更好的解决了 8 天线甚至更多天线个数情况下 的发射及数据传输， 能实现多天线个数情况下高效的、 定向覆盖的多天线 分集， 提高了分集增益。 附图说明
图 1为本发明装置的组成结构示意图；
图 2为本发明方法的实现流程示意图；
图 3为本发明虚拟天线端口到实际的天线分组的映射示意图； 图 4为本发明多天线分组对应的分组波束的生成示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是： 设置编码矩阵， 且在编码矩阵的设置上以子空 间取代整个空间中的某根具体天线， 而子空间可对应于天线分组， 每个天 线分组中包括多根天线。 将根据编码矩阵所进行的编码、 结合执行波束生 成所生成的与天线分组相对应的分组波束， 构成了本发明的多输入多输出 系统中的 8天线乃至更多天线的波频编码解决方案， 能获得显著的分集增 益。
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。
如图 1所示， 一种波频处理装置， 该装置包括： 设置单元、 编码单元、 映射单元和分组波束生成单元。 其中， 设置单元用于设置编码矩阵， 并将 编码矩阵发送给编码单元。 编码单元用于将输入的初始数据按照编码矩阵 编码。 映射单元用于从编码单元获取编码后的列数据并映射到与子空间相 对应的天线分组。 分组波束生成单元用于执行波束生成， 并生成与天线分 组相对应的分组波束。
这里， 分组波束生成单元， 进一步用于根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计 算出权值， 生成与天线分组相对应的定向分组波束。
如图 2所示， 一种波频处理方法， 该方法包括：
步骤 101、 设置单元设置编码矩阵。
这里， 编码矩阵的行对应频率为相邻子载波， 列对应空间为将整个空 间划分而成的相邻子空间。 整个空间指天线的发射信号所全向覆盖的整个 空间。
步骤 102、 将初始数据输入编码单元， 编码单元按照编码矩阵编码。 步骤 103、映射单元获取编码后的列数据并映射到与子空间相对应的天 线分组。
这里， 步骤 103 的具体处理过程为： 映射单元将编码后的列数据经端 口映射到与子空间相对应的天线分组。 本发明的该端口可以理解为虚拟天 线端口， 区别于现有技术的对应每根天线的实际天线端口。 本发明的该天 线分组可以理解为包括多根天线在内的实际天线分组。
而且， 映射时， 该编码后的列数据经一个端口映射到多个天线分组中， 每一个天线分组中包括多根天线。
步骤 104、分组波束生成单元执行波束生成， 并生成与天线分组相对应 的分组波束。
这里， 步骤 104 的具体处理过程为： 在分组波束生成单元， 天线分组 根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 生成与天线分组相对应的定向分 组波束。
其中， 该定向分组波束的主瓣对应的指向为： 天线分组中天线的发射 信号能量最大的波达角方向。 针对以上由步骤 101~步骤 104所构成的技术方案而言， 步骤 101 设置的编码矩阵可以具体为： ； 其中, ¾、 、 ¾和 为初
Figure imgf000010_0001
始数据； 编码矩阵的每一行对应的不同频率为相邻的不同子载波， 由上到 下依次为子载波 1、 子载波 2、 子载波 3和子载波 4; 每一列对应的不同空 间为： 将天线发射信号全向覆盖的整个空间划分而成的相邻的不同子空间， 由左到右依次为子空间 1、 子空间 2、 子空间 3和子空间 4。
具体来说， 编码矩阵的行数据代表在相邻的不同子载波上发送的数据， 则由上到下依次来说， 第一行代表在子载波 o o 1 上发送的数据， 第二行代表 在子载波 2上发送的数据， 第三行代表在子载波 3上发送的数据， 第四行 代表在子载波 4上发送的数据。 编码矩阵的列数据代表映射到相邻的不同 子空间所对应天线分组的数据， 则由左到右依次来说， 第一列代表映射到 子空间 1所对应天线分组的数据， 第二列代表映射到子空间 2所对应天线 分组的数据， 第三列代表映射到子空间 3所对应天线分组的数据， 第四列 代表映射到子空间 4所对应天线分组的数据。 而且， 在对编码的编码方式 为空频分组编码情况下， ·¾、 、 和 为空频分组编码前的符号， X*表 示对 X求共轭， 比如 表示对 求共轭。
步骤 102中 ,编码的编码方式可以具体为空频分组编码。将初始数据 、
¾、 ¾和 输入编码单元， 编码单元按照该编码矩阵进行空频分组编码。 此时在子载波 1上发送 [； ^ 0 -x2 0]； 在子载波 2上发送 [ 0 X； 0] ; 在子载波 3上发送 [0 x3 0 - ¾]； 在子载波 4上发送 [0 x4 0 - *]。
需要指出的是， 编码的编码方式多种多样， 不限于空频分组编码， 编 码方式还可以为空时分组编码。 此时， 对设置的编码矩阵来说， 编码矩阵 的每一行对应的为不同时刻， 每一列对应的不同空间仍然为： 将天线发射 信号全向覆盖的整个空间划分而成的相邻的不同子空间
步骤 103中， 映射单元将 X2 映射到与子空间 1相对应的天线分组 1 ;
0
0
映射到与子空间 3
Figure imgf000011_0001
0
0
相对应的天线分组 3; 将 映射到与子空间 4相对应的天线分组 4。
步骤 104 的具体处理过程中， 进一步为： 在分组波束生成单元， 与子 工间 1相对应的天线分组 1根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算第一权值， 并 由第一权值 [wu w12]生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 1 ; 定向分组 x1wn + xxwi
x2wn + x2wr
波束 1发送的数据为: 在分组波束生成单元， 与子空间 2相
0
0 对应的天线分组 2根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算第二权值， 并由第二权 值 [w21 w22 ]生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 2; 定向分组波束 2发
送的数据为: 在分组波束生成单元， 与子空间 3相对应的天 x3w21 + x3w
x4w21 + x4w 线分组 3根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算第三权值，并由第三权值 [w31 w32 ] 生成与天线分组 3相对应的定向分组波束 3;定向分组波束 3发送的数据为： -x2w31 - x2w,
在分组波束生成单元，与子空间 4相对应的天线分组 4根据
0
0 终端侧反馈的信道信息计算第四权值，并由第四权值 [w41 w42 ]生成与天线^ 组 4 相对应的定向分组波束 4 ; 定向分组波束 4 发送的数据为：
0
0 x3w4l + x3wn
以下方法实施例是应用于 8天线的 LTE-A系统中的波频处理方法， 也 可以称为 8天线时 LTE-A系统的发射方法。该方法在 LTE-A系统中 8天线 下行发射空频分组编码结合分组波束生成， 即将空频分组编码后的数据经 不同的虚拟天线端口映射到实际的天线分组， 进而由多个不同的天线分组 分别进行分组波束生成。 从而， 在 LTE- A系统中， 波频编码或称空频分组 编码结合 8天线分组波束生成的解决方案， 相较于现有的单纯的 4天线空 频分组编码的分集技术， 在每天线发射功率相同的情况下， 8天线波频编码 不仅有分集增益， 更将有功率增益， 以及覆盖范围的扩大。 因此， 采用方 法实施例， 使用空频分组编码结合 8天线分组波束生成的解决方案将会给 系统带来诸多好处。 以下对该方法实施例进行具体阐述。
方法实施例为： 应用于 8天线的 LTE-A系统中的波频处理方法。 本方 法实施例中， 波频处理方法的实现流程包括以下步骤： 步骤 201、设置编码矩阵为 , 其中, ¾、 、 ¾和 为
Figure imgf000012_0001
编码前的符号， 编码矩阵的行表示相邻子载波， 由上到下依次为子载波 1、 子载波 2、 子载波 3和子载波 4; 列表示相邻子空间， 由左到右依次为子 间 1、 子空间 2、 子空间 3和子空间 4。 其中， 子空间 1、 子空间 2, 子空间 3和子空间 4分别对应于：由与各自子空间对应的天线分组生成的分组波束。 比如， 子空间 1对应于： 由子空间 1对应的天线分组 1生成的分组波束 1。
步骤 202、根据编码矩阵进行编码， 可以根据编码矩阵进行空频分组编 码。 则此时在子载波 1 上发送 [； ^ 0 -x2 0] , 在子载波 2 上发送
[x2 0 x 0] , 在子载波 3 上发送 [0 x3 0 -¾] , 在子载波 4 上发送
[0 x4 0 -¾ ]。
步骤 203、 端口到天线分组的映射， 即为将空频分组编码后的数据经虚 拟天线端口映射到相对应的实际的天线分组。
这里， 如图 3所示为虚拟天线端口到实际的天线分组的映射示意图。 映 射时， 空频分组编码后的数据经一个虚拟天线端口映射到至少一个实际的 天线分组中， 每一个实际的天线分组包含至少一才艮天线。 例如， 在本方法 实施例 8天线情况下， 可以将 8天线分成 4个天线分组， 每个天线分组包含两 根天线。 具体来说， 可以将虚拟天线端口 1映射到天线分组 1 , 且天线分组 1 由天线 1和天线 2组成； 虚拟天线端口 2映射到天线分组 2, 且天线分组 2由天 线 3和天线 4组成； 虚拟天线端口 3映射到天线分组 3 , 且天线分组 3由天线 5 和天线 6组成； 虚拟天线端口 4映射到天线分组 4, 且天线分组 4由天线 7和天 线 8组成。
步骤 204, 分组波束生成， 即为将每个天线分组分别执行波束生成。 这里， 例如将基站侧 8天线分成 4个天线分组， 每个天线分组包含两 根天线。 每个天线分组各自根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 由权 值生成与每个天线分组各自相对应的定向分组波束。 定向分组波束的主瓣 对应指向天线分组中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向， 如图 4 的多 天线分组对应的分组波束的生成示意图所示。
如图 4所示， 对多个天线分组分别进行波束生成。 定向分组波束 1 由 计算出的权值 [WU W12 ]形成， 方向指向终端。 其中， 权值 [WU W12 ]根据终端 侧反馈的信道信息计算得到， 权值的计算采用现有技术， 即利用信号的到 达方向 DOA ( Direction of Arrival )计算权值。 定向分组波束 1的主瓣对应 指向天线分组 1 中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向， 且天线分组 1 由天线 1和天线 2组成。
这里， 针对由权值 [wn w12 ]所形成的定向分组波束 1而言， 定向分组波 x1wn + xxwi
x2wn + x2wr
束 1发送的数据为 , 即对于子载波 1来说， 天线分组 1中的天
0
0 线 1发射; wn , 天线 2发射； w12 ; 对于子载波 2来说， 天线分组 1中的天线 1发射 x2wn , 天线 2发射 x2w12。 定向分组波束 2由计算出的权值 [w21 w22 ]形成， 方向指向终端。 其中， 权值 [w21 根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算得到，权值的计算采用现有技 术， 即利用信号的 DOA计算权值。 定向分组波束 2的主瓣对应指向天线分 组 2中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向， 且天线分组 2由天线 3和 天线 4组成。
这里，针对由权值
Figure imgf000014_0001
wW 222 ]所形成的定向分组波束 2而言，定向分组波
0
0
束 2发送的数据为 , 即对于子载波 3来说， 天线分组 2中的天 x3w21 + x3w2
x4w21 + x4w: 线 3发射； c3w21 , 天线 4发射； c3w22 ; 对于子载波 4来说， 天线分组 2中的天 线 3发射 x4w21 , 天线 4发射 x4w22。 定向分组波束 3由计算出的权值 [w31 w32 ]形成， 方向指向终端。 其中， 权值 [w31 w32 ]根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算得到，权值的计算采用现有技 术， 即利用信号的 DOA计算权值。 定向分组波束 3的主瓣对应指向天线分 组 3中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向， 且天线分组 3由天线 5和 天线 6组成。
这里，针对由权值 [w31 w32 ]所形成的定向分组波束 3而言，定向分组波
-x2w31 - x2w,
束 3发送的数据为 , 即对于子载波 1来说， 天线分组 3中的
0
0 天线 5发射-; c 31 , 天线 6发射-; c 32； 对于子载波 2来说， 天线分组 3中 的天线 5发射 JC*W31 , 天线 6发射 JC*W32。 定向分组波束 4由计算出的权值 [w41 w42 ]形成， 方向指向终端。 其中， 权值 [w41 w42 ]根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算得到，权值的计算采用现有技 术， 即利用信号的 DOA计算权值。 定向分组波束 4的主瓣对应指向天线分 组 4中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向， 且天线分组 4由天线 7和 天线 8组成。
这里，针对由权值 [w41 w42 ]所形成的定向分组波束 4而言，定向分组波
0
0
束 4发送的数据为 , 即对于子载波 3来说， 天线分组 4中的 x3w4l + x3w42 天线 7发射- c>41 , 天线 8发射- c>42； 对于子载波 4来说， 天线分组 4中 的天线 7发射 x3*w41 , 天线 8发射 x3*w42。 综上所述， 通过该方法实施例提供了 8天线的 LTE-A系统中的波频处 理方法，该波频处理方法也可以称为波频编码发射方法。在 LTE-A系统中， 8天线下行空频分组编码结合分组波束生成，将不同的符号对应不同的子空 间波束， 解决了现有技术没有提供 8天线时的空频处理方式， 即无法实现 8 天线时的多天线分集的问题。 采用该方法实施例， 在不同子载波发送信号 时， 以定向覆盖波束取代现有技术中全向覆盖波束， 不仅覆盖范围大， 且 波束具有指向性。 相对于 4天线单纯的空频分组编码的分集技术， 当每天 线发射功率一致时， 8天线波频编码将会带来 3db的等效功率增益， 这在通 道功率受限的情况下显得尤为重要。 而且在不增加额外的导频开销的同时， 能够获得较好的分集增益及良好的覆盖。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种波频处理装置， 其特征在于， 该装置包括： 设置单元、 编码单 元、 映射单元和分组波束生成单元； 其中，
设置单元， 用于设置编码矩阵， 并将所述编码矩阵发送给编码单元； 编码单元， 用于将输入的初始数据按照所述编码矩阵编码；
映射单元， 用于从编码单元获取编码后的列数据， 并映射到与子空间 相对应的天线分组；
分组波束生成单元， 用于生成与所述天线分组相对应的分组波束。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述分组波束生成单元， 进一步用于根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 生成与所述天线分组 相对应的定向分组波束。
3、 一种波频处理方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括：
设置编码矩阵， 且所述编码矩阵的行对应频率为相邻子载波， 列对应 空间为将整个空间划分而成的相邻子空间；
将初始数据按照所述编码矩阵编码；
获取编码后的列数据， 并映射到与所述子空间相对应的天线分组； 生成与所述天线分组相对应的分组波束。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述编码后的列数据， 进一步经端口映射到与所述子空间相对应的天线分组；
映射时， 所述编码后的列数据经一个端口映射到至少一个天线分组中， 每一个天线分组中包括至少一根天线。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述生成与天线分组相 对应的分组波束进一步为： 所述天线分组根据终端侧反馈的信道信息计算 出权值， 生成与天线分组相对应的定向分组波束。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述定向分组波束的主 瓣对应的指向为： 所述天线分组中天线的发射信号能量最大的波达角方向。
7、 根据权利要求 3至 6任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述编码矩
阵为 ； 其中， 、 、 ¾和 为所述初始数据； 编码矩阵
Figure imgf000018_0001
的每一行对应的不同频率为相邻的不同子载波， 由上到下依次为子载波 1、 子载波 2、 子载波 3和子载波 4; 每一列对应的不同空间为： 将天线发射信 号全向覆盖的整个空间划分而成的相邻的不同子空间， 由左到右依次为子 空间 1、 子空间 2、 子空间 3和子空间 4。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述编码为空频分组编 码； 将初始数据 ·¾、 、 和 按照所述编码矩阵进行所述空频分组编码， 此时在所述子载波 1 上发送 [
Figure imgf000018_0002
θ]； 在所述子载波 2 上发送 [¾ 0 X； 0]； 在所述子载波 3上发送 [0 x3 0 - ¾]； 在所述子载波 4上
Figure imgf000018_0003
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法， 其特征在于， 将 映射到与子空间
0
0
0
0
1相对应的天线分组 1 ; 将 映射到与子空间 2相对应的天线分组 2; 将
0
0
映射到与子空间 3相对应的天线分组 3； 将 映射到与子空间 4相
0
0 对应的天线分组 4。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述天线分组根据终 端侧反馈的信道信息计算出权值， 生成与天线分组相对应的定向分组波束 具体为：
与子空间 1相对应的天线分组 1计算第一权值，并由第一权值 [wu w12] 生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 1;定向分组波束 1发送的数据为：
Figure imgf000019_0001
与子空间 2相对应的天线分组 2计算第二权值，并由第二权值 [w21 w22] 生成与天线分组 1相对应的定向分组波束 2;定向分组波束 2发送的数据为：
Figure imgf000019_0002
与子空间 3相对应的天线分组 3计算第三权值，并由第三权值 [w31 w32] 生成与天线分组 3相对应的定向分组波束 3;定向分组波束 3发送的数据为：
-x2w31-x2w31
x w3i + x w3i .
0 ，
0 与子空间 4相对应的天线分组 4计算第四权值，并由第四权值 [w41 w42] 生成与天线分组 4相对应的定向分组波束 4;定向分组波束 4发送的数据为：
。
Figure imgf000019_0003
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