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WO2010077179A2 - Procédé de traitement plasmique-chimique de substances et dispositif de mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement plasmique-chimique de substances et dispositif de mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010077179A2
WO2010077179A2 PCT/RU2009/000720 RU2009000720W WO2010077179A2 WO 2010077179 A2 WO2010077179 A2 WO 2010077179A2 RU 2009000720 W RU2009000720 W RU 2009000720W WO 2010077179 A2 WO2010077179 A2 WO 2010077179A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
technological
suspension
substances
pulsed
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2009/000720
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Other versions
WO2010077179A3 (fr
Inventor
Лев Николаевич МАКСИМОВ
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2010077179A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010077179A2/fr
Publication of WO2010077179A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010077179A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C21B13/125—By using plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5229—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace
    • C21C2005/5235—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace with bottom electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5205—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a plasma heated furnace
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solving the problems of industrial processing of various mineral raw materials mainly with the resulting use of the known carbothermic reduction.
  • the invention relates to the promising implementation of direct homeless reduction processes of iron ore, as well as non-ferrous metal ores.
  • the invention also relates to solving known problems of the practical implementation of large-scale industrial processes for coal gasification, including low-grade lignite, as well as oil shale and peat, with no emissions of carbon dioxide.
  • the invention also opens up an important prospect for the creation of fundamentally new industrial boiler units for enlarged production of heat and electricity without emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
  • the basis of the invention is the task:
  • Raw mineral raw materials for example, iron ore or corresponding non-ferrous metal ores, or coal, oil shale, peat, etc.
  • the corresponding electrically conductive suspension obtained by the indicated actions is supplied to the upper part of a specially created technological chamber by means of high pressure pumps and, through the inlet channel with a jet-forming nozzle, the initial suspension is expelled in the said chamber in the form of jets moving from top to down in the direction of their subsequent subsequent contact meeting with the lower an electrode made, for example, of coke.
  • the output jets of the suspension at its indicated outflow from the jet-forming nozzle are previously displaced using a special hydraulic interrupter in time of the beginning of the outflow and its interruption (in the outflow phase), so that touching these jets of the lower contact electrode is not simultaneous for most of them.
  • the upper input channel for supplying the initial suspension to the process chamber and the corresponding jet-forming nozzles are specially electrically insulated from the case of the process chamber itself and electrically connected to a controlled switch connected to the applied external pulsed high voltage source.
  • a remotely controlled pulsed high-voltage source of electric current is used (according to well-known technical solutions) with a frequency of electric discharges of more than 10 Hertz.
  • the impulse power of electric discharges obtained from such a source is set by a value determined primarily by the geometric dimensions of the jet stream zone of the initial suspension, as well as by the technologically required level of external electric energy introduced into the zone of electric discharges themselves for the corresponding creation of a plasma state of substances in the suspension.
  • the specified outflow from the jet-forming nozzle of the whole set of fragments of the jets of the technological suspension is surrounded around the perimeter, and also, possibly, in the central zone of the outflow, by pulsed laser radiation.
  • the beams of such lasers are automatically switched on one by one according to the given technological schedule and, scanning along the lower coke electrode, initiate the corresponding electric discharges along their pulsed “burst” tracks.
  • this creates an additional enhancement of the physicochemical effect on the initially processed substances.
  • the total energy of such electric discharges as a whole should fully ensure the formation of the initial plasma state that is part of the technological suspension of all substances with their subsequent specific target chemical conversion.
  • the final stage of the technological process is carried out according to the reduction or oxidation scheme.
  • carbon and (or) carbon monoxide and (or) hydrogen prevail in the reaction zone, with the help of which, for example, methane gas and carbon dioxide are synthesized, as well as all inorganic compounds are chemically reduced to metals and (or) to carbonyls substances.
  • the process is carried out with excess oxygen in the reaction zone with the final production of thermal energy of the corresponding combustion of organic substances, as well as carbon dioxide and finely divided oxides of all inorganic substances present in the starting material.
  • the technologically indicated processing of substances is carried out under high pressure (from 6.5 to 22.1 MPa and possibly higher), so that the resulting carbon dioxide, when it is subsequently cooled to ambient temperature under the indicated high pressure, is accordingly liquefied and removed from the system as additional commercial product, for example, for the production of urea. Carbonyls are similarly excreted.
  • a device for implementing the method of plasma-chemical processing of substances is characterized by the fact that in the created target complex the application of the following functional systems is structurally combined.
  • a pressurized process chamber of high pressure is used, equipped with an internal water cooling system designed for subsequent energy use of the generated steam.
  • This chamber is equipped in its upper part with a special electrical insulating device for installing in it an input channel for supplying the initial working suspension with its subsequent outflow from the jet-forming nozzle, which in turn is connected to a high-voltage pulsed electric current source.
  • a flat electrode grounded with its body is mounted, made, for example, of coke.
  • sealed channels are mounted, equipped with external covers made of transparent material, over which pulsed lasers are installed, located along a radius that covers, in particular, the perimeter of the very expiration of the working suspension from the jet nozzle.
  • the beams of pulsed lasers are launched from the applied switch, synchronized with the launch of an external generator of electric discharges.
  • a separate push-pull system of electrically insulated feed of the initial working suspension to the input to the jet-forming nozzle connected to a high-voltage source is used. This is done using insulating pipe inserts and remotely controlled gas valves to provide hydraulic breaks in the suspension flows.
  • two tanks are used with the initial suspension, operating functionally separately. So, if the first tank operates in the mode with the created electrical insulation from a high-voltage source for filling the original suspension, the second tank at this time works with electrical insulation from the housing of the process chamber with the suspension being fed to the inlet to the jet forming nozzle, which is under high voltage. Then, the indicated operating modes of the tanks cyclically change to the opposite.
  • a cyclone system or “locking” of the finely dispersed products of chemical reactions along the internal cooled surface of the process chamber using a device of rotating longitudinal blades mounted on special support rings with gas suspension is used.
  • the corresponding rotation drive of such blades in the technological chamber creates an internal ⁇ -tightening »with the resulting tangential withdrawal from the technological chamber of precisely all reaction products, including gaseous ones.
  • FIG. 1 schematic diagram of the method itself and the device for its implementation, on which images of only the most important functional elements are given. So, the attached diagram shows:
  • the present invention is carried out by performing the following steps in a special device used.
  • the initial technological suspension, prepared from specifically processed substances is fed into the sealed technological chamber 27 from the collection tank (16 ') into the main hydraulic receiver 20 and then enters the jet-forming nozzles, at the outlet of which using a chopper 29 (its rotation through the shaft 23 is provided drive 21), the expiration of the specified suspension is created in the form of a "garland" of scattered jets.
  • all the structural elements associated with such a suspension input are electrically isolated from the housing of the process chamber 27 by a special electrical insulator 22 (conditionally indicated without details) and connected to the gate 1 of the external high-voltage source used by the proposed method.
  • a downward falling “garland” consisting of a set of many jets of suspension is encountered with an electrode 39 mounted at the bottom of the process chamber, grounded to the casing of said chamber and made, for example, of coke. Accordingly, a whole cascade of electric discharges arises passing through the electrically conductive “garland” of jets of the initial suspension with the formation of the plasma state 47 of the plasma state of all substances in its composition as a result.
  • the system of push-pull supply of the initial suspension at the entrance to the high-voltage side works as follows. At least two tanks are used to operate with the initial suspension. So, in the first tank 16 with the main siphon channel 7 using the first gas valve 5 provides a preliminary hydraulic break of the previous movement of the suspension through the channel 6, followed by closing the hydraulic valve 4 and turning on the gas purge valve 3, with which the original suspension is removed from the external gas pressure tubular insulating insert 2 until the subsequent closing of the outlet valve 18. The specified gas purge of this insert 2 with the corresponding displacement of the suspension from it provides The electrical insulation of tank 16 from the high voltage side (1) is ongoing.
  • the initial suspension 15 is supplied to it.
  • the hydraulic flow of the inlet suspension through the channel 10 is interrupted by supplying gas to the valve 8 with its subsequent hydraulic closure.
  • the gas purge valve 11 all residual slurry is completely expelled from the input insulating insert 12, followed by closing the hydraulic valve 14.
  • the tank 16 is isolated by the insert 12 from the external supply system 15 of the initial suspension.
  • tank 16 is transferred to the second cycle of its operation in the mode of tank 16 'indicated in FIG.
  • Each of the flat tanks used is divided into two halves by a partition 48 provided with channels 49 at the bottom for cyclic turbulization of the suspension itself using known gas pulsation devices.
  • the lower coke electrode 39 is equipped with an externally controlled mechanical clamp 40 for the period of preparation of the used locking system of the source container 46 for subsequent replenishment of 41 coke with this electrode using a movable piston 42 with a telescopic drive 43.
  • the process chamber 27 is equipped with an internal water cooling system with an inlet annular collector 34 for supplying condensate water through a nozzle 35 to a wall cooling device 32 with the final output of the generated steam through an annular collector 26 and a nozzle 28 for subsequent energy use of this steam in the respective steam turbines with electric generators.
  • the technological mode in chamber 27 is carried out under high pressure - from 6.5 to 22.1 MPa and possibly higher.
  • the proposed method in this device uses known technological methods and technical solutions for cooling and the conclusion of all products of chemical reactions, in particular, with the subsequent conclusion obtained liquefied carbonyls and carbon dioxide, as well as fine powders, completing the entire production chain using well-known cryogenic technologies in order to completely eliminate any emissions into the atmosphere.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention permet de résoudre les problèmes rencontrés lors du traitement industriel de diverses matières premières minérales notamment grâce à l'utilisation globale de la réduction carbo-thermique connue. L'invention consiste à effectuer la combustion dans ces installations de combustibles solides sous une pression suffisamment élevée pour que le dioxyde de carbone généré à la sortie des installations ne soit plus rejeté dans l'atmosphère (comme les gaz à effet de serre connus). Après son refroidissement à température ambiante et sous haute pression, le dioxyde de carbone est brûlé puis évacué sous une forme permettant de l'utiliser en qualité de produit ayant une valeur commerciale, par exemple pour la production de carbamide. L'invention consiste essentiellement à utiliser l'effet de formation de plasma par décharges électriques par impulsions qui sont organisées dans le cas présent par le biais de flux électroconducteurs d'une suspension formée à partir de substances à traiter, ainsi qu'à l'aide de décharges électriques additionnelles générées par des faisceaux laser lors de l'utilisation correspondante d'une source d'impulsions de haute tension électrique. L'invention s'applique au traitement industriel de diverses matières premières minérales, notamment grâce à l'utilisation globale de la réduction carbo-thermique connue, à la conduite de processus de réduction directe sans haut-fourneau de minerais de fer et de minerais de métaux non ferreux, à la résolution des problèmes connus rencontrés lors de la mise en œuvre pratique de processus industriels à grande échelle de gazéification du charbon, y compris le charbon minier de basse qualité ainsi que les schistes chauds et la tourbe, ceci sans rejet de dioxyde de carbone dans l'atmosphère, et à la création de nouveaux appareils de type chaudière industrielle pour la production à grande échelle de chaleur et d'énergie électrique sans rejet de gaz à effet de serre dans l'atmosphère.
PCT/RU2009/000720 2008-12-23 2009-12-24 Procédé de traitement plasmique-chimique de substances et dispositif de mise en oeuvre Ceased WO2010077179A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2008152503/02A RU2008152503A (ru) 2008-12-23 2008-12-23 Способ плазмохимической переработки веществ и устройство для его осуществления
RU2008152503 2008-12-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010077179A2 true WO2010077179A2 (fr) 2010-07-08
WO2010077179A3 WO2010077179A3 (fr) 2010-10-21

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RU (1) RU2008152503A (fr)
WO (1) WO2010077179A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110735030A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2020-01-31 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 一种难选铁矿石磁脉冲预处理高效磁化焙烧工艺
CN111952601A (zh) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-17 华南理工大学 一种超快速碳热还原制备一体式电催化析氧电极的方法
US11898798B1 (en) 2022-09-01 2024-02-13 Limelight Steel Inc. High-efficiency photonic furnaces for metal production
WO2024050060A1 (fr) * 2022-09-01 2024-03-07 Limelight Steel Inc. Fours photoniques à rendement élevé pour la production de métaux

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2538252C2 (ru) * 2011-09-15 2015-01-10 Вячеслав Геннадьевич Певгов Способ плазмохимической переработки угля и устройство для плазмохимической переработки угля

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3834895A (en) * 1973-04-11 1974-09-10 Park Ohio Industries Inc Method of reclaiming iron from ferrous dust
ZA935072B (en) * 1992-08-11 1994-02-07 Mintek The production of high titania slag from ilmenite
RU2296165C2 (ru) * 2005-05-04 2007-03-27 Ооо "Твинн" Способ прямого восстановления металлов из дисперсного рудного сырья и устройство для его осуществления
RU2296166C2 (ru) * 2005-05-13 2007-03-27 Анатолий Владимирович Николаев Способ прямого восстановления металлов из дисперсного рудного сырья и устройство для его осуществления
UA78148C2 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-02-15 Anatolii Tymofiiovych Neklesa Method for direct producing of ferricarbonic alloys and plant for realization thereof
RU2315813C1 (ru) * 2006-04-07 2008-01-27 Ооо "Твинн" Плазменная печь для прямого восстановления металлов
RU2318876C1 (ru) * 2006-04-12 2008-03-10 Ооо "Твинн" Устройство для прямого восстановления металлов

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110735030A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2020-01-31 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 一种难选铁矿石磁脉冲预处理高效磁化焙烧工艺
CN111952601A (zh) * 2020-07-10 2020-11-17 华南理工大学 一种超快速碳热还原制备一体式电催化析氧电极的方法
US11898798B1 (en) 2022-09-01 2024-02-13 Limelight Steel Inc. High-efficiency photonic furnaces for metal production
WO2024050060A1 (fr) * 2022-09-01 2024-03-07 Limelight Steel Inc. Fours photoniques à rendement élevé pour la production de métaux
US12398954B2 (en) 2022-09-01 2025-08-26 Limelight Steel Inc. High-efficiency photonic furnaces for metal production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2008152503A (ru) 2010-07-10
WO2010077179A3 (fr) 2010-10-21

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