WO2010072708A1 - Method and device for optimizing combustion in a power plant - Google Patents
Method and device for optimizing combustion in a power plant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010072708A1 WO2010072708A1 PCT/EP2009/067627 EP2009067627W WO2010072708A1 WO 2010072708 A1 WO2010072708 A1 WO 2010072708A1 EP 2009067627 W EP2009067627 W EP 2009067627W WO 2010072708 A1 WO2010072708 A1 WO 2010072708A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant in which a real concentration distribution of a substance and / or a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber is measured.
- the basic objective is to monitor the combustion taking place in a combustion chamber of the power plant, for example a boiler with a square footprint of 10 meters by 10 meters, over the largest possible area in order to derive the necessary quantities for optimizing the combustion process can.
- absorption spectroscopy is known.
- sonic pyrometry is known. With absorption spectroscopy or sonic pyrometry, only mean values of a line in the boiler room or combustion chamber can be measured.
- the CAT measuring technique For calculating the temperature and concentration distribution in a plane of a combustion chamber from measured average values at different locations of the combustion chamber of a power plant, the CAT measuring technique, computer aided tomography, is known.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, a method according to claim 5, a device according to claim 9 and a device according to claim 10.
- Advantageous developments are described in the dependent claims.
- the inventive method for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises the steps of measuring a real concentration distribution of a substance in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, evaluating the real concentration distribution and controlling the combustion of the fuel such that a symmetrical concentration distribution of the substance in the at least one dimension arises.
- the inventive method for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises the steps of measuring a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, evaluating the real temperature distribution and controlling the combustion of the fuel such that a symmetrical temperature distribution arises in the at least one dimension.
- At least one index for the symmetry of the real concentration distribution and / or temperature distribution is determined, and when controlling at least one control parameter is changed as a function of the at least one code.
- a device according to the invention for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises a device for measuring a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, a device for evaluating the real temperature distribution and a device for controlling the combustion of the fuel material such that a symmetrical temperature distribution in the at least one dimension arises.
- two-dimensional concentration distributions and / or temperature distributions are measured during the measurement and from this at least one one-dimensional concentration distribution or temperature distribution is calculated during the evaluation.
- the real concentration distribution and / or temperature distribution is split into several sections during evaluation and the combustion is controlled in such a way that a symmetrical concentration distribution or temperature distribution arises in each of the sections.
- an at least one-dimensional, but preferably two-dimensional distribution for the temperature and / or concentration of at least one substance is generated according to the invention on the basis of known measuring techniques. From the distribution thus measured, one-dimensional or mathematical distributions or curves along an axis or along an intercept are calculated. For the distributions, key figures are preferably determined which capture or describe the symmetry or asymmetry (skewness) of the mathematical distribution. Depending on the key figures suitable actuators, such as allocators for coal or air control valves are so dimmed that a symmetrical Vereilung arises in each axis. If several mathematical distributions exist along one axis, the considered axes are divided into suitable intercept sections and the above-mentioned optimization is then carried out for each of the sections.
- Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the method
- a combustion chamber 10 of a not further illustrated coal power plant is shown in which burns a coal fire during operation of the coal power plant.
- the combustion chamber 10 are the fuel coal with associated fuel gases, flames 11 and exhaust gases.
- two measuring planes 12 and 14 are provided, at the edge of which are each spaced from each other measuring instruments 16.
- two of the measuring instruments 16 allow a linear measurement in the associated measuring plane 12 and 14, wherein with the aid of the measuring instruments 16 and an associated evaluation device 18 z.
- B. the concentration of the substances O2 (oxygen) and CO (carbon monoxide) can be measured.
- the temperature distribution in the associated measuring plane 12 or 14 can be determined with the measuring instruments 16 and the evaluation device 18.
- the measurement is based on a combination of measurement technology and CAT calculation.
- the evaluation device 18 is operationally coupled via a data bus 20 with an optimization device 22, an operating device 24 and a guide or control system 26. Via the operating device 24, the real concentration distributions determined by the evaluation device 18 as well as temperature distributions are used in such a way that proposals for optimizing the combustion can be made with the optimizing device 22 and these can be used in the guide device 26.
- the burning in the combustion chamber 10 flames 11 in particular in
- the optimization device 22 evaluates the measured real concentration distributions and controls the combustion in such a way that a symmetrical concentration distribution of the substances oxygen and carbon monoxide is formed in at least one axis or dimension.
- the associated method is illustrated in FIG. It comprises the step 28 of measuring the concentration distribution of at least the substances O 2 and CO in the abovementioned measurement planes 12 and 14. In step 30, the temperature distribution in these planes is determined.
- step 32 These input data are used in step 32 in order to use the concentration distributions to evaluate one-dimensional or mathematical distributions and associated key figures for the symmetry or asymmetry of the distributions. Further, the distributions or curves in step 32 are divided into several sections with their own , disassembled associated distributions.
- a step 34 on the basis of these investigations, an optimization of the combustion is carried out in such a way that symmetrical concentration and temperature distributions arise. These can be found in the exhibition levels 14 and 16 are monitored, so that a total of a closed loop for step 28 arises.
- the evaluation is based on three basic assumptions or three basic simplifications: Only direct measured values, moments and gradients of the measurements are used. In particular, the distribution tomography of the measured concentrations and temperatures is reconstructed on the basis of in particular 20 to 25 crossing points of the measurements. These direct measurements are described as feature vectors. Furthermore, the fundamental difference values between these direct measured values are used and, if desired, interim values can be determined on the basis of interpolation.
- the first to fourth moments are determined along the horizontal, the vertical and the two diagonals of each measuring field, ie each field between the crossing points.
- the moments are determined based on the profiles or distributions along each measurement direction or dimension.
- the first and second moments represent the mean and variance of a distribution.
- the third and fourth moments represent the skewness and camber of a distribution.
- the skewness is a measure of the symmetry or the lack of symmetry.
- the curvature is a measure of whether the distribution is acute or flat compared to a normal distribution or standard distribution.
- FIG. 3 shows the result of the combustion optimization thus performed. From FIG. 3 it can be clearly seen the largely symmetrical distribution of CO and O 2 in the measuring plane 12 after the optimization.
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- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung in einem KraftwerkMethod and apparatus for optimizing combustion in a power plant
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung von Brennmaterial in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Kraftwerks bei dem eine reale Konzentrationsverteilung eines Stoffes und/oder eine reale Tempera- turverteilung im Verbrennungsraum gemessen wird.The invention relates to a method and a device for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant in which a real concentration distribution of a substance and / or a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber is measured.
Bei Kraftwerken ist es das grundlegende Ziel, die in einem Verbrennungsraum des Kraftwerks, beispielsweise einem Kessel mit einer quadratischen Grundfläche von 10 Meter mal 10 Me- ter, stattfindende Verbrennung möglichst großflächig zu überwachen, um daraus die notwendigen Größen für die Optimierung des Verbrennungsprozesses ableiten zu können.For power plants, the basic objective is to monitor the combustion taking place in a combustion chamber of the power plant, for example a boiler with a square footprint of 10 meters by 10 meters, over the largest possible area in order to derive the necessary quantities for optimizing the combustion process can.
So ist als Verfahren die Absorptionsspektroskopie bekannt. Als alternative Messtechnik ist die Schall-Pyrometrie bekannt. Mit Absorptionsspektroskopie oder Schall-Pyrometrie können nur Mittelwerte einer Linie im Kesselraum bzw. Verbrennungsraum gemessen werden.Thus, the method of absorption spectroscopy is known. As an alternative measurement technique, sonic pyrometry is known. With absorption spectroscopy or sonic pyrometry, only mean values of a line in the boiler room or combustion chamber can be measured.
Zum Berechnen der Temperatur- und -Konzentrationsverteilung in einer Ebene eines Verbrennungsraums aus gemessenen Mittelwerten an verschiedenen Stellen des Verbrennungsraumes eines Kraftwerks ist die CAT-Messtechnik, die Computer Aided Tomographie, bekannt.For calculating the temperature and concentration distribution in a plane of a combustion chamber from measured average values at different locations of the combustion chamber of a power plant, the CAT measuring technique, computer aided tomography, is known.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine weitergehende Optimierung der Verbrennung in einem Kraftwerk zu schaffen.It is an object of the invention to provide further optimization of combustion in a power plant.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren gemäß An- spruch 1, einem Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5, einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 9 und einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 10 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Optimieren der Verbrennung von Brennmaterial in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Kraftwerks umfasst die Schritte: Messen einer realen Konzentrationsverteilung eines Stoffes im Verbrennungsraum in mindestens einer Dimension, Auswerten der realen Konzentrationsverteilung und Steuern der Verbrennung des Brennmaterials derart, dass eine symmetrische Konzentrationsverteilung des Stoffes in der mindestens einen Dimension entsteht.The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, a method according to claim 5, a device according to claim 9 and a device according to claim 10. Advantageous developments are described in the dependent claims. The inventive method for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises the steps of measuring a real concentration distribution of a substance in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, evaluating the real concentration distribution and controlling the combustion of the fuel such that a symmetrical concentration distribution of the substance in the at least one dimension arises.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich umfasst das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Optimieren der Verbrennung von Brennmaterial in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Kraftwerks die Schritte: Messen einer realen Temperaturverteilung im Verbrennungsraum in mindestens einer Dimension, Auswerten der realen Temperaturver- teilung und Steuern der Verbrennung des Brennmaterials derart, dass eine symmetrische Temperaturverteilung in der mindestens einen Dimension entsteht.Alternatively or additionally, the inventive method for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises the steps of measuring a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, evaluating the real temperature distribution and controlling the combustion of the fuel such that a symmetrical temperature distribution arises in the at least one dimension.
Insbesondere wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beim Auswerten mindestens eine Kennzahl für die Symmetrie der realen Konzentrationsverteilung und/oder Temperaturverteilung ermittelt und beim Steuern mindestens ein Steuerparameter in Abhängigkeit der mindesten einen Kennzahl verändert.In particular, in the method according to the invention, during evaluation, at least one index for the symmetry of the real concentration distribution and / or temperature distribution is determined, and when controlling at least one control parameter is changed as a function of the at least one code.
Entsprechend umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung von Brennmaterial in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Kraftwerks eine Einrichtung zum Messen einer realen Konzentrationsverteilung eines Stoffes im Verbrennungsraum in mindestens einer Dimension, eine Einrich- tung zum Auswerten der realen Konzentrationsverteilung und eine Einrichtung zum Steuern der Verbrennung des Brennmaterials derart, dass eine symmetrische Konzentrationsverteilung des Stoffes in der mindestens einen Dimension entsteht.Accordingly, a device according to the invention for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises means for measuring a real concentration distribution of a substance in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, a device for evaluating the real concentration distribution and a device for controlling the combustion of the fuel in such a way that a symmetrical concentration distribution of the substance arises in the at least one dimension.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Optimieren der Verbrennung von Brennmaterial in einem Verbrennungsraum eines Kraftwerks eine Einrichtung zum Messen einer realen Temperaturverteilung im Verbrennungsraum in mindestens einer Dimension, eine Einrichtung zum Auswerten der realen Temperaturverteilung und eine Einrichtung zum Steuern der Verbrennung des Brennmaterials derart, dass eine symmetrische Temperaturverteilung in der mindestens einen Di- mension entsteht.Alternatively or additionally, a device according to the invention for optimizing the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power plant comprises a device for measuring a real temperature distribution in the combustion chamber in at least one dimension, a device for evaluating the real temperature distribution and a device for controlling the combustion of the fuel material such that a symmetrical temperature distribution in the at least one dimension arises.
Bei einer ersten vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden beim Messen zweidimensionale Konzentrationsverteilungen und/oder Temperaturverteilungen ge- messen und daraus beim Auswerten mindestens eine eindimensionale Konzentrationsverteilung bzw. Temperaturverteilung errechnet .In a first advantageous development of the method according to the invention, two-dimensional concentration distributions and / or temperature distributions are measured during the measurement and from this at least one one-dimensional concentration distribution or temperature distribution is calculated during the evaluation.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfin- dungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird beim Auswerten die reale Konzentrationsverteilung und/oder Temperaturverteilung in mehrere Abschnitte zerlegt und die Verbrennung derart gesteuert, dass eine symmetrische Konzentrationsverteilung bzw. Temperaturverteilung in jedem der Abschnitte entsteht.In a further advantageous development of the method according to the invention, the real concentration distribution and / or temperature distribution is split into several sections during evaluation and the combustion is controlled in such a way that a symmetrical concentration distribution or temperature distribution arises in each of the sections.
Mit anderen Worten wird erfindungsgemäß auf der Grundlage bekannter Messtechniken eine mindestens eindimensionale, bevorzugt aber zweidimensionale Verteilung für die Temperatur und/oder Konzentration mindestens eines Stoffes erzeugt. Aus der derart gemessenen Verteilung werden eindimensionale bzw. mathematische Verteilungen oder Kurven entlang einer Achse bzw. entlang eines Achsenabschnitts berechnet. Zu den Verteilungen werden bevorzugt Kennzahlen ermittelt, die die Symmetrie bzw. Asymmetrie (Schiefe) der mathematischen Verteilung erfassen oder beschreiben. In Abhängigkeit der Kennzahlen werden geeignete Stellorgane, wie z.B. Zuteiler für Kohle oder Luftregelklappen derart vertrimmt, dass eine symmetrische Vereilung in jeder Achse entsteht. Wenn entlang einer Achse mehrere mathematische Verteilungen existieren, werden die betrachteten Achsen in geeignete Achsenabschnitte aufgeteilt und es wird dann für jeden der Abschnitte die oben genannte Optimierung vorgenommen. Mit der beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise und der zugehörigen Vorrichtung wird eine weitergehend homogene und damit Schadstoffarme Verbrennung unter automatischer Anpassung der Regelungsparameter möglich. Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:In other words, an at least one-dimensional, but preferably two-dimensional distribution for the temperature and / or concentration of at least one substance is generated according to the invention on the basis of known measuring techniques. From the distribution thus measured, one-dimensional or mathematical distributions or curves along an axis or along an intercept are calculated. For the distributions, key figures are preferably determined which capture or describe the symmetry or asymmetry (skewness) of the mathematical distribution. Depending on the key figures suitable actuators, such as allocators for coal or air control valves are so dimmed that a symmetrical Vereilung arises in each axis. If several mathematical distributions exist along one axis, the considered axes are divided into suitable intercept sections and the above-mentioned optimization is then carried out for each of the sections. With the described procedure according to the invention and the associated device, a further homogeneous and thus low-pollutant combustion with automatic adjustment of the control parameters becomes possible. An exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrich- tung,1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens undFig. 2 shows an embodiment of the method and
Fig. 3 graphische Darstellungen mittels Graustufen der Verteilungen von CO und O2 in einer Messebene der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 vor und nach einer erfindungsgemäßen Optimierung.3 graphical representations by means of gray levels of the distributions of CO and O 2 in a measuring plane of the device according to FIG. 1 before and after an optimization according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Verbrennungsraum 10 eines weiter nicht veranschaulichten Kohlekraftwerks dargestellt, in dem beim Betrieb des Kohlekraftwerks ein Kohlefeuer brennt. In dem Verbrennungsraum 10 befinden sich dabei das Brennmaterial Kohle mit zugehörigen Brenngasen, Flammen 11 sowie Abgase.In Fig. 1, a combustion chamber 10 of a not further illustrated coal power plant is shown in which burns a coal fire during operation of the coal power plant. In the combustion chamber 10 are the fuel coal with associated fuel gases, flames 11 and exhaust gases.
Im Verbrennungsraum 10 sind zwei Messebenen 12 und 14 vorgesehen, an deren Rand sich jeweils beabstandet von einander Messinstrumente 16 befinden. Jeweils zwei der Messinstrumente 16 ermöglichen eine linienförmige Messung in der zugehörigen Messebene 12 bzw. 14, wobei mit Hilfe der Messinstrumente 16 und einer zugehörigen Auswerteeinrichtung 18 z. B. die Konzentration der Stoffe O2 (Sauerstoff) und CO (Kohlenmonoxid) gemessen werden können.In the combustion chamber 10, two measuring planes 12 and 14 are provided, at the edge of which are each spaced from each other measuring instruments 16. In each case two of the measuring instruments 16 allow a linear measurement in the associated measuring plane 12 and 14, wherein with the aid of the measuring instruments 16 and an associated evaluation device 18 z. B. the concentration of the substances O2 (oxygen) and CO (carbon monoxide) can be measured.
Ferner kann mit den Messinstrumenten 16 und der Auswerteeinrichtung 18 die Temperaturverteilung in der zugehörigen Messebene 12 bzw. 14 ermittelt werden. Die Messung beruht dabei auf einer Kombination von Messtechnik und CAT-Berechnung. Die Auswerteeinrichtung 18 ist über einen Datenbus 20 mit einer Optimierungseinrichtung 22, einer Bedieneinrichtung 24 und einer Leiteinrichtung bzw. Leittechnik 26 betrieblich gekoppelt. Über die Bedieneinrichtung 24 werden die von der Auswerteeinrichtung 18 ermittelten realen Konzentrationsverteilungen sowie Temperaturverteilungen derart genutzt, dass mit der Optimierungseinrichtung 22 Vorschläge für eine Optimierung der Verbrennung erstellt und diese in der Leiteinrichtung 26 verwandt werden können. Dadurch werden die in dem Verbrennungsraum 10 brennenden Flammen 11 insbesondere imFurthermore, the temperature distribution in the associated measuring plane 12 or 14 can be determined with the measuring instruments 16 and the evaluation device 18. The measurement is based on a combination of measurement technology and CAT calculation. The evaluation device 18 is operationally coupled via a data bus 20 with an optimization device 22, an operating device 24 and a guide or control system 26. Via the operating device 24, the real concentration distributions determined by the evaluation device 18 as well as temperature distributions are used in such a way that proposals for optimizing the combustion can be made with the optimizing device 22 and these can be used in the guide device 26. As a result, the burning in the combustion chamber 10 flames 11 in particular in
Hinblick auf einen geringen Ausstoß von NOx (Stickoxid) optimiert .Optimized for low emissions of NO x (nitric oxide).
Zur Optimierung wertet die Optimierungseinrichtung 22 die ge- messenen realen Konzentrationsverteilungen aus und steuert die Verbrennung derart, dass eine symmetrische Konzentrationsverteilung der Stoffe Sauerstoff und Kohlenmonoxid in mindestens einer Achse bzw. Dimension entsteht.For optimization, the optimization device 22 evaluates the measured real concentration distributions and controls the combustion in such a way that a symmetrical concentration distribution of the substances oxygen and carbon monoxide is formed in at least one axis or dimension.
Das zugehörige Verfahren ist in Fig. 2 veranschaulicht. Es umfasst den Schritt 28 des Messens der Konzentrationsverteilung zumindest der Stoffe O2 und CO in den oben genannten Messebenen 12 und 14. Im Schritt 30 wird die Temperaturverteilung in diesen Ebenen ermittelt.The associated method is illustrated in FIG. It comprises the step 28 of measuring the concentration distribution of at least the substances O 2 and CO in the abovementioned measurement planes 12 and 14. In step 30, the temperature distribution in these planes is determined.
Diese Eingangsdaten werden im Schritt 32 verwendet, um aus den Konzentrationsverteilungen eindimensionale bzw. mathematische Verteilungen bzw. Kurven sowie zugehörige Kennzahlen für die Symmetrie bzw. Asymmetrie der Verteilungen auszuwer- ten. Ferner werden die Verteilungen bzw. Kurven im Schritt 32 in mehrere Abschnitte mit eigenen, zugehörigen Verteilungen zerlegt .These input data are used in step 32 in order to use the concentration distributions to evaluate one-dimensional or mathematical distributions and associated key figures for the symmetry or asymmetry of the distributions. Further, the distributions or curves in step 32 are divided into several sections with their own , disassembled associated distributions.
Nachfolgend wird in einem Schritt 34 auf der Grundlage dieser Ermittlungen eine Optimierung der Verbrennung dahingehend vorgenommen, dass symmetrische Konzentrations- und Temperaturverteilungen entstehen. Diese können in den Messebenen 14 und 16 überwacht werden, so dass insgesamt ein geschlossener Regelkreis zum Schritt 28 entsteht.Subsequently, in a step 34 on the basis of these investigations, an optimization of the combustion is carried out in such a way that symmetrical concentration and temperature distributions arise. These can be found in the exhibition levels 14 and 16 are monitored, so that a total of a closed loop for step 28 arises.
Obwohl aus der Messung gemäß den Schritten 28 und 30 tausende von Merkmalen bzw. Informationen der Verbrennung ausgewertet werden könnten, wird bei der beschriebenen Vorgehensweise be- wusst nur ein sehr kleiner Ausschnitt bzw. Teil dieser Informationen verarbeitet. Anders wäre ein sinnvolles Verhältnis von Kosten zu Nutzen nicht zu erreichen.Although thousands of features or information of the combustion could be evaluated from the measurement in accordance with steps 28 and 30, in the procedure described, only a very small section or part of this information is deliberately processed. Otherwise, a meaningful ratio of costs to benefits would not be achieved.
Die Auswertung erfolgt bezogen auf drei Grundannahmen bzw. drei Grundvereinfachungen: Es werden nur direkte Messwerte, Momente und Gradienten der Messungen verwendet. So wird insbesondere die Verteilungstomographie der gemessenen Konzent- rationen und Temperaturen auf der Basis von insbesondere 20 bis 25 Kreuzungspunkten der Messungen rekonstruiert. Diese direkten Messwerte werden als Merkmalsvektoren beschrieben. Es werden ferner die grundlegenden Differenzwerte zwischen diese direkten Messwerten verwendet und es können, wenn ge- wünscht, aufgrund von Interpolation Zwischenwerte ermittelt werden .The evaluation is based on three basic assumptions or three basic simplifications: Only direct measured values, moments and gradients of the measurements are used. In particular, the distribution tomography of the measured concentrations and temperatures is reconstructed on the basis of in particular 20 to 25 crossing points of the measurements. These direct measurements are described as feature vectors. Furthermore, the fundamental difference values between these direct measured values are used and, if desired, interim values can be determined on the basis of interpolation.
Um Verteilungen in jeder gewünschten Richtung zu erhalten, werden das erste bis vierte Moment entlang der Horizontalen, der Vertikalen und der beiden Diagonalen eines jeden Messfeldes, also jedes Feldes zwischen den Kreuzungspunkten ermittelt. Die Momente werden basierend auf den Profilen bzw. Verteilungen längs jeder Messrichtung bzw. Dimension ermittelt. Das erste und zweite Moment repräsentieren den Durchschnitts- wert und die Varianz bzw. Streuung einer Verteilung. Das dritte und vierte Moment repräsentieren die Schiefe und die Wölbung einer Verteilung. Die Schiefe ist ein Maß für die Symmetrie bzw. den Mangel an Symmetrie. Die Wölbung ist ein Maß, ob die Verteilung im Vergleich zu einer normalen Vertei- lung bzw. Normverteilung spitz oder flach ist.In order to obtain distributions in any desired direction, the first to fourth moments are determined along the horizontal, the vertical and the two diagonals of each measuring field, ie each field between the crossing points. The moments are determined based on the profiles or distributions along each measurement direction or dimension. The first and second moments represent the mean and variance of a distribution. The third and fourth moments represent the skewness and camber of a distribution. The skewness is a measure of the symmetry or the lack of symmetry. The curvature is a measure of whether the distribution is acute or flat compared to a normal distribution or standard distribution.
In jedem Messfeld wird ferner der Gradient des Durchschnittswertes ermittelt. Die Magnitude bzw. der Wert des Gradienten gibt (z.B. dargestellt als ein Pfeil im jeweiligen Messfeld) Auskunft darüber, wo sich in der Verteilung Spitzen bzw. Konzentrationen befinden. Fig. 3 zeigt das Ergebnis der derart vorgenommenen Optimierung der Verbrennung. Es ist aus der Fig. 3 deutlich die weitestgehend symmetrische Verteilung von CO und O2 in der Messebene 12 nach der Optimierung zu erkennen . In each measuring field, the gradient of the average value is also determined. The magnitude or the value of the gradient indicates (eg represented as an arrow in the respective measuring field) information about where peaks or concentrations are in the distribution. FIG. 3 shows the result of the combustion optimization thus performed. From FIG. 3 it can be clearly seen the largely symmetrical distribution of CO and O 2 in the measuring plane 12 after the optimization.
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980151076.1A CN102257325B (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-21 | For equipment and the method for Optimizing Combustion in power station |
| EP09799346.3A EP2368071B1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-21 | Method and device for optimizing combustion in a power plant |
| ES09799346T ES2530677T3 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-21 | Method and device for combustion optimization in a power plant |
| US13/141,109 US20120058438A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-21 | Method and Device for Optimizing Combustion in a Power Plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08172545.9 | 2008-12-22 | ||
| EP08172545A EP2199679A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2008-12-22 | Method and device for optimising the combustion in a power plant |
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| WO2010072708A1 true WO2010072708A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
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| PCT/EP2009/067627 Ceased WO2010072708A1 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-21 | Method and device for optimizing combustion in a power plant |
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| US (1) | US20120058438A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2199679A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102257325B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2530677T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010072708A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102032590B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-01-11 | 北京华电天仁电力控制技术有限公司 | Boiler combustion optimizing control system and optimizing control method based on accurate measurement system |
| CN105444201B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2018-11-13 | 通用电气公司 | The method and its system of burning optimization |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4305645A1 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-25 | Rwe Entsorgung Ag | Procedure for the determination of characteristic properties of radical forming processes |
| DE19509412A1 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for controlling the firing of a steam generator system |
| WO1999039137A1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for operating an incinerator plant |
| US7058617B1 (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2006-06-06 | Pavilion Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for training a system model with gain constraints |
| US20060176486A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-10 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for optical detection for multi-phase combusion systems |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59195012A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-11-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Combustion control method |
| CS236689A2 (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-09-15 | Poludniowy Okreg Energetycny K | Method of combustion process automatic optimization in heating installations and equipment for this method realization |
| US5790420A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1998-08-04 | Lang; Fred D. | Methods and systems for improving thermal efficiency, determining effluent flows and for determining fuel mass flow rates of a fossil fuel fired system |
| US7865271B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2011-01-04 | General Electric Company | Methods and systems to increase efficiency and reduce fouling in coal-fired power plants |
-
2008
- 2008-12-22 EP EP08172545A patent/EP2199679A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-12-21 US US13/141,109 patent/US20120058438A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-21 WO PCT/EP2009/067627 patent/WO2010072708A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-21 CN CN200980151076.1A patent/CN102257325B/en active Active
- 2009-12-21 ES ES09799346T patent/ES2530677T3/en active Active
- 2009-12-21 EP EP09799346.3A patent/EP2368071B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4305645A1 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-08-25 | Rwe Entsorgung Ag | Procedure for the determination of characteristic properties of radical forming processes |
| DE19509412A1 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-10-02 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for controlling the firing of a steam generator system |
| US7058617B1 (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2006-06-06 | Pavilion Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for training a system model with gain constraints |
| WO1999039137A1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for operating an incinerator plant |
| US20060176486A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-10 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for optical detection for multi-phase combusion systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102257325B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| US20120058438A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| EP2368071A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
| CN102257325A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| EP2199679A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| EP2368071B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| ES2530677T3 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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