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WO2010069459A1 - Procédé et système pour la récupération de métaux et d'alliages métalliques à partir de matières mises au rebut - Google Patents

Procédé et système pour la récupération de métaux et d'alliages métalliques à partir de matières mises au rebut Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010069459A1
WO2010069459A1 PCT/EP2009/008521 EP2009008521W WO2010069459A1 WO 2010069459 A1 WO2010069459 A1 WO 2010069459A1 EP 2009008521 W EP2009008521 W EP 2009008521W WO 2010069459 A1 WO2010069459 A1 WO 2010069459A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
metal alloy
recovered
scrap material
scrap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/008521
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Belte
Carsten Stratmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BELTE AG
Original Assignee
BELTE AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BELTE AG filed Critical BELTE AG
Priority to EP20090771301 priority Critical patent/EP2364375A1/fr
Publication of WO2010069459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010069459A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C22B7/004—Dry processes separating two or more metals by melting out (liquation), i.e. heating above the temperature of the lower melting metal component(s); by fractional crystallisation (controlled freezing)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
    • C22B21/0092—Remelting scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a system for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material that contains further components formed of substances or compounds having higher melting points than that of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered.
  • the invention concerns in particular a heating of the scrap material to a temperature above the melting point of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered and a separating of the molten mass from the further substances.
  • Scrap materials of a metal or metal alloy containing further substances with higher melting points occur in a variety of industrial sectors, like e.g. in the scrapping of vehicle, where engine blocks with cylinder liners made of steel, light alloy rims with steel bushes or vehicle body components with threaded inserts are disposed of, or in the aircraft sector, but also in the private sector where e.g. household appliances, cans or other containers with steel closures are disposed of. Due to the accelerated depletion of raw materials and the need to reduce the environmental pollution it is desirable, to recover at least part of the components contained in scrap materials.
  • the present invention has been accomplished taking the above technical problems into consideration.
  • Embodiments of the invention provide a method for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material that contains further substances having a higher melting point than that of the metal or metal alloy, wherein the scrap material is preheated in a first step at a temperature T pw below the melting point T mp of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered until the temperature within the metal or metal alloy to be recovered is higher than a predetermined percentage of T pw , followed by heating up the preheated scrap material in a second step within 100 s or less to a temperature T rm using the flame of at least one gas burner directed towards the scrap material, whereby T rm is higher than the melting point of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered and lower than the melting point of the further substances, and separating the metal or metal alloy from the other substances.
  • the embodiments allow an efficient recovery of metals or metal alloys from scrap material containing further components with higher melting points, since the time allowed for impurities to diffuse into the molten metal or metal alloy is too short for causing a contamination.
  • the recovered metal or metal alloy can therefore be returned to the manufacture of high-quality mouldings without further purification.
  • the heat output of the at least one gas burner can be controlled to heat up the scrap material to the temperature T rm within less than 20 s, preferably within less than 15 s, more preferably within less than 10 s, particularly preferably within less than 5 s, and most preferably within up to 2 s.
  • the time required for melting the metal or metal alloy to be recovered from the scrap material can thus be adjusted to the particular composition of the scrap material, i.e. to the risk of contaminating the recovered material with impurities originating from other components contained in the scrap.
  • high performance gas burners and in particular gas pulse burners are preferably used.
  • a preheating of the scrap material is provided at a temperature T pw at least until the temperature within the metal or metal alloy to be recovered from the scrap is higher than at least 90 % of T pw , preferably higher than at least 95 % of T pw , and particularly preferably higher than at least 99 % of T pw .
  • the temperature T pw is in exemplary embodiments preferably selected from a range of 3°C to 40 0 C, and preferably of 10 0 C to 35°C below the melting point T mp of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered, so that the major part of the heating energy supplied by the gas burner to the scrap is used for transforming the metal or metal alloy to be recovered into the molten state rather then for heating it up.
  • the preheating is carried out in a furnace.
  • the heating-up in order to melt the desired scrap components can be performed in the same furnace by turning on a gas burner flaming into the furnace chamber after the preheating step has been completed.
  • the heating-up is carried out outside of the first furnace, allowing to supply a separate melting station with preheated scrap material provided by two more separate preheating stations.
  • the first heating device is arranged in a first furnace and the second heating device is arranged in a separate second furnace.
  • Both the first and the second furnace are according to a further preferred embodiment air-circulation furnaces, whereby the gas burner is located in the second air- circulation furnace enabling the heating-up to be carried out in a second air-circulation furnace.
  • the temperature within the second air-circulation furnace is in a further preferred embodiment kept at a temperature substantially equaling T rm also during those times, when the gas burner is not in operation. Thus any dissipation of heat from the scrap prior to flame treatment is prevented.
  • the system comprises a controller configured for controlling the chamber temperature to be T rm at those times, when the gas burner is not in operation.
  • the controller is advantageously further adapted to also control the temperature in the first furnace to be T pw , thus allowing short preheating intervals.
  • furnaces within a combined furnace system, whereby the furnaces are preferably implemented as separate segments within a multi-chamber furnace or within a continuous furnace, i.e. a furnace that can be passed by the scrap in a continuous movement.
  • the preheating in such furnace systems is performed in the segment comprising the first furnace and is followed by the heating-up performed in segment contained in the second furnace.
  • further embodiments provide a grid on which the scrap is placed at least when exposed to the heat energy output from the gas burner.
  • the grid supporting the scrap forms the bottom of a container receiving the scrap material.
  • the grid forms all walls of the container receiving the scrap material to be exposed to the gas burner.
  • the grid is preferably made of heat resistant material and comprises in particular embodiments ceramic materials, which reduces the risk of contaminating the molten metal or metal alloy passing it.
  • the ceramic material may be a coating on a heat resistant steel grid, whereby it is preferred that all grid surfaces are formed by ceramic surfaces.
  • the grid may, however, also be completely formed of ceramic material or ceramic materials.
  • a collection container is arranged in further embodiments relative to the grid such that the molten metal or metal alloy passing the grid is collected in the collection container.
  • the collection container may comprise ceramic material, whereby preferably the surfaces of the container getting into contact with the molten substance are formed by ceramic material for preventing possible post-contamination by the container.
  • Particular embodiments provide the grid and collection container mounted in a support frame for enabling a more convenient handling.
  • the collection container is in preferred embodiments provided with a spout, allowing a controlled run off of the molten metal or metal alloy into one or more further containers, crucibles or moulds.
  • the recovered molten material is directly returned to a manufacture of cast components.
  • the spout is connected to one or more casting or ingot moulds or vice versa such that the molten metal or metal alloy collected in the collection container is supplied to the one or more moulds.
  • the conduit connecting the collection container with the one or more moulds is preferably heated.
  • the scrap material contains aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy to be recovered, whereby scrap material containing AlSi7Mg or AlSiIOMg alloys is in particular preferred when recovering aluminum alloys for reprocessing in the automotive sector.
  • scrap material comprising vehicle parts and/or parts from the manufacturing of vehicles, and in particular scrap material comprising light alloy rims are further preferred.
  • Figure 1 shows a flowchart illustrating the basic steps of a method for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material containing further substances with higher melting points;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of an exemplary embodiment of a system for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material that contains further substances with higher melting points;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment system for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material that contains further substances with higher melting points;
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a supporting frame having a grid bottom container and a collection container mounted therein;
  • Figure 5 illustrates the integration of an above shown system into a reprocessing process.
  • FIG. 1 The basic steps of a method 100 for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material containing further substances with higher melting points are illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the method starts in step 101 with loading the scrap material into a preheating section of a system according to one of the embodiments of the invention defined in the claims, and in particular according to one of the embodiments explained below.
  • the scrap material is preheated in step 102 at a temperature T wp for a period of time sufficiently long for allowing the scrap material to warm up throughout its volume.
  • the time required for the preheating depends primarily on the kind of scrap material used, like e.g. the volume and the material composition of the scrap's bigger parts, the total amount of scrap material, the preheat temperature T wp , and the heating power supplied at this step.
  • the time is determined sufficiently long for warming up the inner volume of each peace of scrap to a certain temperature or higher.
  • the such defined material temperature can be expressed as a percentage of the preheat temperature T wp .
  • the time required for heating the scrap to the desired material temperature is of course shorter than when the preheat temperature T wp is closer to the material temperature.
  • the preheat temperature T wp adjusted to a value which is below the melting point of the metal or metal alloy to be separated from the rest of the scrap having higher melting points, because it should be avoided during preheating to already start the melting process at the surfaces of the scrap material.
  • the preheat temperature T wp is preferably selected to be at least 3 0 C and not more than 200 0 C lower than the melting point of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered.
  • the value selected for the preheat temperature T wp depends on the diffusion coefficients, the higher melting point substances have in the material to be recovered. If one of the higher melting point substances has a high diffusion coefficient in the metal or metal alloy to be recovered, a higher difference between the preheat temperature T wp and the melting point of the metal or metal alloy is chosen than when the diffusion coefficients have smaller values. Since the heat enters the scrap pieces from its surfaces, the temperature in the interior of the scrap pieces is lower than the temperatures near the surfaces of the scrap pieces. Since only the material to be recovered needs to be warmed up to the desired material temperature, scrap material where the higher melting point components form only the innermost parts can therefore be preheated at higher temperatures than those with the contaminating components distributed at random or close to the scrap surfaces.
  • preheat temperatures from a range of 3°C to 40 0 C, and in particular of 10 0 C to 35°C below the melting point T mp of the respective material to be recovered are preferred.
  • the melting point of aluminum is e.g. about 660 0 C, and that of magnesium about 650 0 C. Alloys of these metals typically have melting points from a range of 57O 0 C to 670 0 C.
  • the method 100 is however also suited for recovering other metals or metal alloys from scrap material, like for instance lead (melting point bout 327 0 C) and zinc (melting point about 419°C) .
  • the preheating step 102 advantageously enables a heating of the scrap material to an elevated temperature such that only insignificant temperature gradients remain inside the scrap pieces or at least inside that portion of the scrap pieces composed of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered.
  • a preheat temperature set sufficiently below the melting point of the material to be recovered, a possible contamination with impurities from the higher melting point material can be prevented.
  • the scrap material When using a preheat temperature T wp set closer to the melting point of the material to be recovered, the scrap material is warmed up earlier than when using lower temperatures T wp .
  • the scrap pieces are warmed to the desired material temperature (the temperature at which on the one hand the diffusion coefficients of the possible impurities, and on the other also the additional energy required for melting the material of interest are still low) in a shorter time than in the latter case.
  • the percentage of the preheat temperature T wp which the desired material temperature represents is also a different in both cases.
  • Preferred values for the desired material temperature are for instance more than 90% of T wp , if the impurity diffusion coefficients are not too high preferably more than 95% of T wp , and particularly more than 99 % of T pw .
  • step 103 of the method 100 it is checked whether the scrap has already been warmed up to the desired material temperature or not. This can either be accomplished by using a temperature probe placed inside the scrap, whereby the temperature probe is preferably formed by a dummy device having a temperature sensor located in its interior, whereby the dummy device is advantageously made of heat-resistant material having an effective heat capacity similar to that of the scrap pieces.
  • step 103 of method 100 involves controlling the time that has passed since the initiation of the preheating step 102.
  • step 104 the scrap material is heated up as fast as possible to a temperature between the melting point of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered and the lowest melting point of the other substances in the scrap.
  • a gas burner is used, which flame or flames (sometimes also referred to as exhaust gases) are directed towards the scrap material.
  • gas burner may be used.
  • the heating up is beneficially completed within 100 seconds or less. Shorter heat-up periods for melting the material to be recovered are of course preferred to further minimize contaminations.
  • the heating power of the gas burner has to be adjusted to the type of scrap material used, i.e. to the total mass of the scrap and to the ratio between the scrap's volume and surface.
  • the heat transfer into a vehicle's engine with a large volume and a relative small surface is for instance less effective than the heat transfer into light alloy rims having comparatively large surfaces. Accordingly, more energy will have to be provided for melting the desired material from the engine's body than from light alloy rims of equal mass.
  • the melting of the metal or metal alloy off from the scrap is therefore preferably accomplished within less than 20 s, for scrap material with components containing impurities having high diffusion coefficients in the metal or metal alloy to be recovered in even less time, like e.g. in less than 15 s, or less than 10 s or even less than 5 s if required, and in particular cases within up to only 2 s.
  • a gas pulse burner producing a flame of large volume and adapted for having its start and stop and heat output controlled by electrical signals is preferably used.
  • the temperature T rm for heating up the scrap material in step 104 is preferably adjusted depending on the metal or metal alloy to be recovered from the scrap and the other materials contained therein. T rm is preferably set to a value of up to 150 0 C above the melting point of the material to be recovered, because the viscosity of a molten metal or metal alloy decreases at higher temperatures thus facilitating its run off.
  • Typical values for T rm are temperatures from the range of 10°C to 200 0 C above the melting temperature of interest, and particularly of 100 0 C to 180 0 C above that reference temperature, whereby it is preferred to keep T rm at least 50 0 C below the lowest melting of the further scrap components.
  • the scrap For separating it from the further substances contained in the scrap, provisions are made to have the molten material run off from the rest of the scrap, that is from the components made of higher melting point materials. This can be achieved in various ways like having the scrap put on an inclined surface or the like.
  • the scrap is preferably placed on a grid, like e.g. a melting grid made of heat-resistant material, which allows the molten material to run off immediately through the grid's openings, while the grid's structure retains the non- molten components of the scrap. It is appreciated that the dimensions of the grid's openings are adapted to the size of the higher melting point components so that none of these components may pass the grid and contaminate the metallic melt collected in a container below the grid.
  • the scrap may be rotated during processing for producing a centrifugal pull in addition to the gravitational pull.
  • the grid formed like a bowl-shaped container, which is arranged within a likewise bowl-shaped melt collection container.
  • the method 100 comes to an end in step 106 by for instance letting the melt cool down in the collection container, or transferring it to a mould for further cooling down, or by returning it in its liquid state to a manufacturing process for reuse .
  • Preheating step 102 and heating-up step 104 can principally be accomplished in one and the same furnace as for instance indicated in Figure 2.
  • the heating-up of the scrap i.e. the melting of the metal or metal alloy to be recovered, is however preferably carried out in a different furnace than that used for preheating, in order to avoid a warming of the preheating furnace above T wp , which could introduce longer waiting times before the processing of a next batch of scrap material can be begun.
  • the first furnace used for the preheating process is preferably an air- circulation furnace, where the heated air circulates through the scrap.
  • the melting of the metal or metal alloy off from the scrap can be carried out using only a gas burner or gas pulse burner, but it has been found that the time required for initiating the melting process can be considerably reduced, when also the heating-up is carried out in an air-circulation furnace already preheated to the temperature T rm before the gas burner is turned on to heat up the scrap. This is mainly due to the then lower loss of heat energy due to radiation.
  • the scrap can be supplied from more than one preheating furnace to the second furnace, i.e. the furnace for melting off the lower melting point components.
  • multi-chamber furnaces (not shown in the Figures) are used for that purpose, which may further allow to transfer the preheated scrap from the first (preheat) furnaces to the second (heating-up or separation) furnace directly, i.e. without transporting it through the surroundings of the furnaces.
  • the separation furnace is preferably arranged between the two others .
  • the preheating furnace and the separation furnace form part or sections of a continuous furnace, where the scrap passes the furnace sections in a continuous movement.
  • the length of the preheating section can be adapted to the throughput of the heating-up section or separation section, respectively.
  • An accumulating conveyor may further be used between the two sections for better synchronizing the preheating section with the separation section.
  • two or more preheating sections are provided for supplying the material separation furnace section, whereby an accumulating conveyor may again be used for synchronizing the preheating lines with the separation section.
  • all those surfaces of the collection container and preferably also all those of the grid, which may come into contact with the molten metal or metal alloy to be recovered, are preferably formed by surfaces of a ceramic material when carrying out method 100.
  • the grid can be made in total from solid ceramic but can also be made of a heat- resistant material having a ceramic surface coating. The same applies to the collection container.
  • method 100 is part of a manufacture process where at least part of the raw materials are reprocessed according to method 100, whereby the recovered metal or metal alloy is preferably introduced into the manufacturing process in its molten state. It is further appreciated that the recovered material may be mixed with further substances or compounds to modify the material parameters. In a particular embodiment, the recovered material is used in the same manufacturing process of which the scrap originated.
  • the method 100 explained above is carried out as part of recycling process, which is e.g. preferred when the recovered material can be commercially exploited on its own.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic of a system 200 for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material that contains further substances with higher melting points.
  • the system is illustrated in a cross-sectional view.
  • the Figure shows only components necessary for the understanding of the present invention.
  • An illustration of further components necessary for the operation of the system 200 has been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the respective components are nevertheless deemed present in actual implementations of the system.
  • the representation has been chosen for illustrative purposes, and it is understood that the components illustrated may differ to a great part from those used in an actual implementation of the system.
  • the system 200 shown is a one-furnace system, with the furnace comprising a furnace casing 201 provided with a refractory lining defining within a furnace chamber.
  • a double-walled casing with an isolating filling may be used.
  • the furnace chamber is organized into two sections 203 and 204 by a horizontally arranged grid 202 made of heat-resistant material, like for instance a ceramic or ceramic covered heat resistant-steel.
  • the furnace shown is an air-circulation type furnace, wherein the heat produced with a heat source 207, like e.g. heating rods, is circulated through the furnace chamber by means of a fan 208.
  • the heat source is arranged together with the fan in a separate side chamber formed within casing 206 and connected with the furnace chamber by openings formed in the furnace casing 201.
  • all scrap pieces 205 (only one piece is referenced the for sake of clarity) disposed on the grid 202 are exposed to the hot air at their surfaces, which enables a maximum efficiency of the energy transfer and minimizes any temperature gradients within the furnace chamber and in particular between the different scrap pieces 205.
  • the shape of the scrap pieces shown in Figure 2 is only for illustration purposes and bears no intended resemblance with actual scrap material used in a recovering process.
  • a temperature-testing probe (not shown in the Figures) as explained above may be placed between the scrap pieces for assessing the actual temperature inside the scrap pieces.
  • a temperature sensor (not shown) is provided at an appropriate position inside the furnace casings 201 and 206 inner walls.
  • the operation of the heat source in combination with the operation of the fan is controlled by a controller 213, usually an electronic device, using the measurement signals from the (not shown) temperature sensor and/or from the (also not shown) optional temperature-testing probe as control input.
  • the scrap material 205 is loaded into the furnace through a door providing access to the furnace chamber.
  • the door which is not shown Figure 2, is also used for removing the separated scrap components from the furnace chamber at the end of the recovering process.
  • the gas burner in the illustrated embodiment represented by a gas pulse burner 209 being also controlled by the controller 213, is turned on and directs its flame towards the scrap 205.
  • Gas burner and furnace chamber are preferably configured such that the flame 210 fills at least the major part of the upper section 203 of the furnace chamber and enfolds in particular the scrap peace surfaces.
  • the term "flame" as used in this context includes also the gases introduced with or by the flame into the furnace chamber, and may also referred be to as exhaust gases. With the flame gases passing through the scrap pieces 205, the scrap material is heated up to a temperature T rm above the melting point T mp of the lower melting point metal or metal alloy to be recovered.
  • the melted material is run off the scrap through the grid 202 and collected in the collection container 211, which may be formed by a crucible and which may further have a spout penetrating the furnace casing 201 for having the molten material 212 run off e.g. into an ingot mould.
  • the controller 213 turns off the gas burner 209.
  • FIG 3 shows a further embodiment of a system 300 for recovering a metal or metal alloy from scrap material containing additional substances with higher melting points.
  • the material-separating furnace 320 is implemented separately from the preheating furnace 310.
  • An air-circulation furnace is used as preheating furnace 310. Except for the gas burner being either not used or not present, furnace 310 basically corresponds to that described above with respect to Figure 2.
  • furnace chamber 312 contains a support 317, which in the illustrated embodiment is formed by a heat- resistant grid.
  • the scrap material 316 is disposed on the support 317 for being preheated.
  • the air ducts between the side chamber enclosed by casing 313 and the furnace chamber are arranged to allow air circulating through the volume defined by the furnace chamber and the side chamber.
  • the air circulation is effected by fan 315 ventilating air warmed up by heat source 314 into the furnace chamber 312 and back through the side chamber again over heat source 314.
  • the scrap material is transferred to the second furnace 320.
  • a suited transport mechanism is provided between and/or in both or one of the two furnaces 310 and 320.
  • the furnaces can be arranged side-by-side. This enables a direct transfer from the preheating furnace 310 to the separating furnace 320, which prevents any exposure of the preheated scrap to cool ambient air.
  • the second furnace 320 comprises a gas burner 325, which flame output is directed towards the scrap material 326 disposed on the grid 322 for melting off the metal or metal alloy to be recovered.
  • the gas burner is in the illustrated embodiment not only used for heating up the scrap material to the above- explained temperature T rm , but also for heating up the interior of the furnace beforehand, i.e. the furnace chamber sections 323 and 324 and the components located in and bordering the furnace chamber, like for instance the inner walls of the furnace casing 321, the melting grid 322, and the collection container 329 if already present at that stage.
  • a respective heating up of the furnace interior prevents unwanted cooling down of the preheated scrap prior to a following flame treatment for melting the scrap components to be recovered.
  • the flame 327 output from the gas burner 325 is directed towards the scrap 326 disposed on the grid 322 as already explained above with respect to the embodiment shown in Figure 2. This allows the molten mass 329 to run off into the collection container 328 placed below the grid 322.
  • a further embodiment differs from that illustrated in Figure 3 by the separation furnace 320 further comprising a heated-air circulation facility similar to that of furnace 310. Except for the air temperature used for heating the furnace interior, a separation furnace 320 according to this embodiment resembles thus closely the system shown in Figure 2.
  • the use of heated-air circulation allows an accurate control of the furnace 1 inside temperature, which is preferably set to T rm .
  • a controller 330 is provided.
  • the controller is preferably configured to receive measurement signals from sensors and/or probes arranged for measuring process parameters like e.g. temperatures inside the furnaces 310 and 320, and to control the operation of the furnaces depending on the sensor signals received.
  • the controller further preferably comprises a data processing device having interfaces for receiving the sensor signals and user input.
  • User input may be enabled by connecting the controller operatively to input devices like e.g. a keyboard and a computer mouse or the like, and, if required, also to a data display device. User input may in addition or alternatively be received from a further data processing device connected to the controller e.g. via a network interface.
  • the controller 330 is adapted to control the actuators of a mechanical transfer facility (not shown in the Figures) for automatically transferring scrap material from the first to the second furnace, and optionally also for loading and discharging both furnaces 310 and 320.
  • both scrap container 401 and collection container 402 are mounted in a support frame 403, e.g. a rack.
  • the collection container of the illustrated example is further provided with a spout 404 enabling a controlled emptying of the collection container.
  • the spout may also be configured to have the molten metal or metal alloy run off already during the separation step 104 as illustrated in Figure 5, where the rack with the scrap filled scrap container and the collection container is placed on the bottom of a material-separation furnace 500, having an opening in a side wall through which the spout can deliver the molten material to one or more crucibles 501 or e.g. ingot moulds.
  • the spout can be connected to the mould by means of a heated conduit.
  • the above-described embodiments are particularly suited for a reprocessing of used or demolished vehicle parts, since they allow to recover the raw materials with such a high purity that they can be returned to the manufacturing processes. By combining the recovering process with the manufacturing process as already explained above,- it is furthermore possible to achieve a very favorable energy balance.
  • the above embodiments are therefore particularly suited for use with automotive scrap containing aluminum alloys like e.g. AlSi7Mg and AlSiIOMg, which are widely used in the automotive industry sector.
  • the above embodiments are further well suited for reprocessing scrap originating from automotive manufacturing processes.
  • the manufacture of light alloy rims for automobiles e.g. involves the use of injection strainers for retaining impurities and improving the flow properties of the melt when filling cast moulds or ingot moulds.
  • the strainers are typically made of higher melting point materials, like e.g. steel. The steel strainer remain in the sprue removed from the cast parts and can be removed from it using the above described embodiments.
  • a first air-circulation furnace is charged with about 150 kg of sprue scrap originating from the manufacture of light alloy rims, and preheated in there at a temperature of T pw 575°C until all scrap material is preheated substantially uniformly and completely.
  • the metal alloy to be recovered in this case is AlSi7Mg having a melting point of about 590 0 C.
  • the preheat temperature thus corresponds to nearly 98 % of the alloys melting temperature.
  • the preheated scrap is then transferred to a second air- circulation furnace already heated to 750 0 C beforehand, and the flame of a gas pulse burner is directed towards the scrap material.
  • the heat energy transferred to the scrap by the flame heats the scrap up to the furnace temperature, i.e. to 750 0 C within less than 15 seconds, resulting in the aluminum alloy running off through the grid supporting the scrap. While the steel strainers are retained on the upper side of grid, the molten aluminum alloy runs through the grid and is collected in the collection container.
  • the separation temperature used is about 160 0 C higher than the melting point of the alloy and corresponds to about half of the melting temperature for steel.
  • the high temperature results in an abrupt run off of the molten alloy into the collection container, so that the time available is to short to enable substances of the iron strainers contaminating the recovered alloy.
  • the separation temperature is more than 78O 0 C below the melting point of the strainer material.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un système pour la récupération d'un métal ou d'un alliage métallique à partir d'une matière mise au rebut, qui contient d'autres substances ayant un point de fusion supérieur à celui du métal ou de l'alliage métallique, par lesquels la matière mise au rebut est d'abord préchauffée à une température Tpw au-dessous du point de fusion Tmp du métal ou de l'alliage métallique devant être récupéré jusqu'à ce que la température à l'intérieur du métal ou de l'alliage métallique devant être récupéré soit supérieure à un pourcentage prédéfini de Tpw, puis la matière mise au rebut préchauffée est chauffée à une température Trm en 100 s ou moins à l'aide de la flamme d'un brûleur à gaz dirigé vers la matière mise au rebut, Trm étant supérieure au point de fusion du métal ou de l'alliage métallique devant être récupéré et inférieure au point de fusion des autres substances, et le métal ou l'alliage métallique est séparé des autres substances.
PCT/EP2009/008521 2008-11-28 2009-11-30 Procédé et système pour la récupération de métaux et d'alliages métalliques à partir de matières mises au rebut Ceased WO2010069459A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090771301 EP2364375A1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2009-11-30 Procédé et système pour la récupération de métaux et d'alliages métalliques à partir de matières mises au rebut

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/010165 WO2010060449A1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2008-11-28 Procédé de récupération de métaux ou d'alliages de métaux à partir de ferrailles
EPPCT/EP2008/010165 2008-11-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010069459A1 true WO2010069459A1 (fr) 2010-06-24

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PCT/EP2008/010165 Ceased WO2010060449A1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2008-11-28 Procédé de récupération de métaux ou d'alliages de métaux à partir de ferrailles
PCT/EP2009/008521 Ceased WO2010069459A1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2009-11-30 Procédé et système pour la récupération de métaux et d'alliages métalliques à partir de matières mises au rebut

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PCT/EP2008/010165 Ceased WO2010060449A1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2008-11-28 Procédé de récupération de métaux ou d'alliages de métaux à partir de ferrailles

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113005308A (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-06-22 合肥江丰电子材料有限公司 一种提炼金属铟的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203762A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-05-20 Federal-Mogul Corporation Process for separating and recovering aluminum and steel from bimetal scrap
GB2097902A (en) * 1981-05-06 1982-11-10 Chineplace Ltd Furnaces
US4877449A (en) * 1987-07-22 1989-10-31 Institute Of Gas Technology Vertical shaft melting furnace and method of melting
JPH11229048A (ja) * 1998-02-12 1999-08-24 Senju Metal Ind Co Ltd はんだの回収方法およびその装置
US20050262967A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-01 Alcoa Company Of America Method of recycling brazing sheet

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04218624A (ja) * 1990-12-17 1992-08-10 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd クラッド材の材料成分回収方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203762A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-05-20 Federal-Mogul Corporation Process for separating and recovering aluminum and steel from bimetal scrap
GB2097902A (en) * 1981-05-06 1982-11-10 Chineplace Ltd Furnaces
US4877449A (en) * 1987-07-22 1989-10-31 Institute Of Gas Technology Vertical shaft melting furnace and method of melting
JPH11229048A (ja) * 1998-02-12 1999-08-24 Senju Metal Ind Co Ltd はんだの回収方法およびその装置
US20050262967A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-01 Alcoa Company Of America Method of recycling brazing sheet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113005308A (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-06-22 合肥江丰电子材料有限公司 一种提炼金属铟的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010060449A8 (fr) 2010-07-29
WO2010060449A1 (fr) 2010-06-03

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