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WO2010052437A2 - Integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler - Google Patents

Integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010052437A2
WO2010052437A2 PCT/FR2009/052145 FR2009052145W WO2010052437A2 WO 2010052437 A2 WO2010052437 A2 WO 2010052437A2 FR 2009052145 W FR2009052145 W FR 2009052145W WO 2010052437 A2 WO2010052437 A2 WO 2010052437A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
exchanger
water
compressor
boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2009/052145
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010052437A3 (en
Inventor
Richard Dubettier-Grenier
Jean-Pierre Tranier
Stephane Gree
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co, Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria, Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Priority to CN200980144751.8A priority Critical patent/CN102209873B/en
Priority to US13/128,173 priority patent/US20110214452A1/en
Priority to EP09768157A priority patent/EP2344822A2/en
Publication of WO2010052437A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010052437A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2010052437A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010052437A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J3/04121—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F25J2205/70—Heating the adsorption vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an integrated installation of air separation and water heating for the boiler.
  • WO-A-2006/131283 discloses an apparatus in which air from a compressor is fumes heated and then is used to heat water in two separate exchangers.
  • DE-C-19837251 discloses an integrated air separation apparatus with a gas turbine.
  • the present invention optimizes the heat recovery of an air compressor by preheating boiler feed water.
  • the water fed to a boiler is sent to a degasser to separate the oxygen dissolved therein, typically to reduce its content to less than 10 ppb by direct stripping of the water with steam.
  • this degassification must take place at a pressure below 20 bar, and preferably below 10 bar.
  • a compressor is used to compress all the air intended for a cryogenic air separation apparatus, the air must be produced at typically 6 bar abs and therefore at a temperature of 230 ° C. to 300 ° C. for an adiabatic compressor. .
  • the water for the boiler could be heated to between 220 ° C and 295 ° C (taking into account the fact that a temperature difference of less than 5 ° C would entail significant additional costs).
  • the water must be degassed to remove dissolved oxygen, mainly from the added water to compensate for the losses. (deconcentration, steam extraction, leakage).
  • the pressure must therefore be maintained at a pressure of less than 20 bar.
  • the boiling point of the steam at this pressure being -210 ° C., the boiler water can not be heated to the most optimal temperature in terms of efficiency (it is also necessary to keep a margin of typically 10 ° C.). C between the temperature of the water to be degassed and the temperature of the degasser to allow a good operation of the latter).
  • the water flow to the boiler may be too large compared to air to allow for optimal heat exchange efficiency.
  • the flow ratio between the water intended for the boiler (and coming from the condenser of the turbine) and the air is 380 kg of water for 1000 Nm 3 / h of air.
  • the air leaves the compressor at 273 ° C.
  • the water leaves the condenser at 45 ° C. and the minimum temperature difference in the exchanger where the water is heated against the air is 10 ° C.
  • the water can be heated to 224 ° C while it was desired to obtain a temperature of at least 250 ° C.
  • another source of heat is used to supplement the heat received from the air compressor, in order to increase the temperature of the water intended for the boiler.
  • an integrated installation comprising an air compressor, a steam turbine which drives the air compressor, a first heat exchanger, means for sending water to the first exchanger heat and then to a boiler, means for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the first heat exchanger and an air separation apparatus supplied with compressed air into the compressor, heating means for heating the water downstream of the first exchanger, a second exchanger, means for sending water from the first exchanger to the heating means, heating means to the second exchanger and the second exchanger to the boiler and means for sending air from the compressor to the second exchanger upstream of the first exchanger, without preheating means between the compressor and the second exchanger and the second exchanger to the first exchanger.
  • the compressor air heats the water without having been preheated by fumes as in the prior art.
  • the heating means are constituted by a direct contact heating device.
  • the heater is fed with steam from the boiler.
  • the heater is also used to separate gases dissolved in water.
  • the installation comprises means for pressurizing the water downstream of the first exchanger and upstream of the second exchanger.
  • the installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus upstream of the air separation apparatus, optionally a backup vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air the air from the first heat exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for supplying the steam boiler water to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus.
  • the installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus, an air separation apparatus, possibly an emergency vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the first exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for supplying water vapor from heating means to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus.
  • the installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus, an air separation apparatus, possibly an emergency vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the first exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air into the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for sending water from the first exchanger to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus.
  • the installation comprises means for sending water vapor from the boiler to a steam turbine.
  • the installation comprises means for condensing the steam from the turbine and for sending at least a portion of the water thus formed to the first exchanger, a portion possibly being sent to a thermal power plant.
  • the plant comprises means for sending steam from the turbine to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for a purification apparatus of the air separation apparatus.
  • the compressor is an adiabatic compressor.
  • the compressor comprises at least one cooling means downstream of a compressor stage.
  • a method of heating water for a boiler in which water is heated in a first heat exchanger by heat exchange with air from a compressor driven by a steam turbine, then the cooled air is sent in this first exchanger to an air separation apparatus, characterized in that the water from the first heat exchanger is heated and is sent to a second exchanger, preferably without having heated, where it exchanges heat with air from the compressor, the air from the compressor has not been preheated between the compressor and the second exchanger, it sends the air cooled in the second exchanger to the first exchanger and the heated water is sent into the second exchanger in the boiler.
  • the air compressor produces air at a first pressure and the air is sent to the air separation apparatus at that first pressure, without compression downstream of the air compressor.
  • the air compressor produces air at a first pressure and the air is sent to the air separation apparatus at that first pressure, without compression downstream of the air compressor.
  • all air from the air compressor is sent to the air separation apparatus.
  • Figures 1 and 4 illustrate facilities according to the invention and Figures 2 and 3 are Q-T diagrams of an exchanger of the facility.
  • water 27 is extracted from a condenser 23 at 45 ° C and pumped to 15 bar by a pump 25.
  • This pumped water is heated by indirect exchange in a first exchanger 29 to a first temperature at least 100 ° C., preferably at least 130 ° C., or even at least 150 ° C., even at least 170 ° C., for example 175 ° C. in this case.
  • the water recovers heat from the air 35 from an air compressor 31.
  • the compressor can be adiabatic or have cooling means between the stages.
  • the hot water is sent to a degasser 3 which receives steam 5 to 14 bars from a boiler 1.
  • the water is heated from its first temperature to 196 ° C and oxygen dissolved is removed by stripping.
  • the water 7 at 196 ° C is pumped by the pump 9 to 150 bar forming the flow 11 and sent to a second exchanger 13 where it exchanges heat with air 33 from the air compressor 31. After passage in both exchangers, the air 37 is sent to an air separation apparatus, to be illustrated further in FIG. 4.
  • the flow of water at high pressure 15 is sent to the boiler 1.
  • the steam 19 from the boiler 1 is sent to a steam turbine 17 which drives the air compressor 31.
  • the steam 21 is then sent at the condenser 23.
  • the air is not compressed between the outlet of the compressor 31 and the inlet of the air separation device 49.
  • FIG 2 illustrates the heat exchange in the two heat exchangers 13,29. This configuration allows good use of heat from the compressor and efficient degassing at medium pressure. In order to optimize the exchange diagram (and make the lines of the graph as parallel as possible) to that of Figure 3, it is recommended to send some of the condensed water after the steam turbine 17 from the air separation unit to the preheating system of the power plant ("power plant" in English), not to preheating by exchange with hot air.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a version of Figure 1 showing in more detail the air separation apparatus.
  • the air 37 from the compressor 31 is sent to a purification apparatus 41 and then to a cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus 49.
  • a liquid product of the separation apparatus 49 is sometimes vaporized in a backup vaporizer 51.
  • the purification apparatus is regenerated by a nitrogen flow 43 from the air separation apparatus 49.
  • This nitrogen flow can be preheated by steam from the boiler 1 and / or by water vapor 55 from the degasser 3 and / or purges of the boiler.
  • Preferably the water vapor coming from the boiler 1 is a fraction of the flow rate 5 intended for the degasser 3.
  • a portion 57 of the water heated in the first exchanger 29 to about 150 0 C can heat the regeneration nitrogen 43.
  • This water can be withdrawn continuously and stored in a thermally insulated storage (not shown) and sent punctually to heat the regeneration nitrogen.
  • Water vapor 53 from the degasser 3 may be used to vaporize a cryogenic liquid from the air separation apparatus in a backup vaporizer 51.
  • Part of the water vapor 5 and / or water 57 and / or water vapor 45 and / or water vapor 55 can also be used for heating a refrigeration unit with absorption of water.
  • the air separation apparatus 49 No compression means compresses the air between the air compressor 31 and the air separation apparatus 49 and all air from the air compressor 31 is sent to the air separation apparatus 49.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated apparatus including an air compressor (31) driven by a steam turbine (17), a first heat exchanger (29), means for feeding water into the first heat exchanger and from there into a boiler (1), means for feeding compressed air from the compressor into the first heat exchanger, and an air-separating device (49) supplied with air compressed in the compressor, heating means (3) for heating the water downstream from the first exchanger, a second exchanger (13), means for feeding water from the first exchanger into the heating means, from the heating means into the second exchanger, and from the second exchanger into the boiler, and means for feeding air into the second exchanger upstream from the first exchanger, without preheating between the compressor and the second exchanger.

Description

Installation intégrée de séparation d'air et de chauffage d'eau destinée à une chaudière Integrated air separation and water heating system for a boiler

La présente invention est relative à une installation intégrée de séparation d'air et de chauffage d'eau destinée à la chaudière.The present invention relates to an integrated installation of air separation and water heating for the boiler.

Il est connu de US-A- 4461154 d'utiliser un compresseur adiabatique pour comprimer l'air, de récupérer la chaleur générée à la sortie du compresseur pour chauffer de l'eau qui alimente une chaudière, afin d'améliorer l'efficacité globale de l'appareil de séparation d'air alimenté par l'air comprimé et de la chaudière (pour réduire la consommation de carburant de la chaudière).It is known from US-A-4461154 to use an adiabatic compressor to compress the air, to recover the heat generated at the outlet of the compressor to heat water which feeds a boiler, in order to improve the overall efficiency. the air separation unit supplied with compressed air and the boiler (to reduce the fuel consumption of the boiler).

WO-A-2006/131283 décrit un appareil dans lequel de l'air provenant d'un compresseur est chauffé par des fumées et ensuite sert à réchauffer de l'eau dans deux échangeurs séparés.WO-A-2006/131283 discloses an apparatus in which air from a compressor is fumes heated and then is used to heat water in two separate exchangers.

DE-C-19837251 décrit un appareil de séparation d'air intégré avec une turbine à gaz.DE-C-19837251 discloses an integrated air separation apparatus with a gas turbine.

Il est conventionnel d'extraire de la vapeur d'une turbine et d'utiliser cette vapeur pour préchauffer l'eau destinée à une chaudière.It is conventional to extract steam from a turbine and use this steam to preheat water for a boiler.

La présente invention permet d'optimiser la récupération de chaleur d'un compresseur d'air en préchauffant de l'eau alimentaire de chaudière. Couramment l'eau alimentant une chaudière est envoyée à un dégazeur pour séparer l'oxygène qui y est dissous, typiquement pour réduire sa teneur à moins de 10 ppb par stripage direct de l'eau par de la vapeur. Pour être efficace, cette dégazéification doit avoir lieu à une pression en dessous de 20 bar, et préférentiellement en dessous de 10 bar. Quand on utilise un compresseur pour comprimer tout l'air destiné à un appareil cryogénique de séparation d'air, l'air doit être produit à typiquement 6 bar abs et donc à une température de 2300C à 3000C pour un compresseur adiabatique.The present invention optimizes the heat recovery of an air compressor by preheating boiler feed water. Commonly the water fed to a boiler is sent to a degasser to separate the oxygen dissolved therein, typically to reduce its content to less than 10 ppb by direct stripping of the water with steam. To be effective, this degassification must take place at a pressure below 20 bar, and preferably below 10 bar. When a compressor is used to compress all the air intended for a cryogenic air separation apparatus, the air must be produced at typically 6 bar abs and therefore at a temperature of 230 ° C. to 300 ° C. for an adiabatic compressor. .

En théorie on pourrait donc chauffer l'eau destinée à la chaudière à entre 220°C et 295°C (en tenant compte du fait qu'une différence de température inférieure à 5°C impliquerait des coûts supplémentaires significatifs).In theory, the water for the boiler could be heated to between 220 ° C and 295 ° C (taking into account the fact that a temperature difference of less than 5 ° C would entail significant additional costs).

Deux problèmes doivent être résolus.Two problems must be solved.

• Premièrement on doit dégazer l'eau pour enlever l'oxygène dissous, provenant principalement de l'eau rajoutée pour compenser les pertes (déconcentration, extraction de vapeur, fuite). La pression doit donc être maintenue à une pression inférieure à 20 bar. La température d'ébullition de la vapeur à cette pression étant de -2100C, on ne peut chauffer l'eau de chaudière à la température la plus optimale en terme d'efficacité (il faut de plus garder une marge de typiquement 100C entre la température de l'eau à dégazer et la température du dégazeur pour permettre un bon fonctionnement de ce dernier).• First, the water must be degassed to remove dissolved oxygen, mainly from the added water to compensate for the losses. (deconcentration, steam extraction, leakage). The pressure must therefore be maintained at a pressure of less than 20 bar. The boiling point of the steam at this pressure being -210 ° C., the boiler water can not be heated to the most optimal temperature in terms of efficiency (it is also necessary to keep a margin of typically 10 ° C.). C between the temperature of the water to be degassed and the temperature of the degasser to allow a good operation of the latter).

• Deuxièmement, le débit d'eau destiné à la chaudière peut être trop grand comparé à l'air pour permettre un échange optimal de chaleur efficace. Par exemple, si on considère un compresseur d'air entraîné par une turbine à vapeur, le rapport de débits entre l'eau destinée à la chaudière (et venant du condenseur de la turbine) et l'air est 380 kg d'eau pour 1000 Nm3/h d'air. L'air sort du compresseur à 273°C, l'eau sort du condenseur à 45°C et la différence de température minimale dans l'échangeur où chauffe l'eau contre l'air est 100C.• Second, the water flow to the boiler may be too large compared to air to allow for optimal heat exchange efficiency. For example, if we consider an air compressor driven by a steam turbine, the flow ratio between the water intended for the boiler (and coming from the condenser of the turbine) and the air is 380 kg of water for 1000 Nm 3 / h of air. The air leaves the compressor at 273 ° C., the water leaves the condenser at 45 ° C. and the minimum temperature difference in the exchanger where the water is heated against the air is 10 ° C.

Dans ce cas, l'eau ne peut être chauffée qu'à 224°C alors que l'on souhaitait obtenir une température d'au moins 2500C.In this case, the water can be heated to 224 ° C while it was desired to obtain a temperature of at least 250 ° C.

Selon l'invention, on utilise une autre source de chaleur pour complémenter la chaleur reçue du compresseur d'air, afin d'augmenter la température de l'eau destinée à la chaudière.According to the invention, another source of heat is used to supplement the heat received from the air compressor, in order to increase the temperature of the water intended for the boiler.

Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu une installation intégrée comprenant un compresseur d'air, une turbine à vapeur qui entraîne le compresseur d'air, un premier échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau au premier échangeur de chaleur et ensuite à une chaudière, des moyens pour envoyer l'air comprimé du compresseur au premier échangeur de chaleur et un appareil de séparation d'air alimenté par de l'air comprimé dans le compresseur, des moyens de chauffage pour chauffer l'eau en aval du premier échangeur, un deuxième échangeur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau du premier échangeur aux moyens de chauffage, des moyens de chauffage au deuxième échangeur et du deuxième échangeur à la chaudière et des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du compresseur au deuxième échangeur en amont du premier échangeur, sans moyen de préchauffage entre le compresseur et le deuxième échangeur et du deuxième échangeur au premier échangeur. Dans ce cas, l'air du compresseur chauffe l'eau sans avoir été préchauffé par des fumées comme dans l'art antérieur. Eventuellement :According to an object of the invention, there is provided an integrated installation comprising an air compressor, a steam turbine which drives the air compressor, a first heat exchanger, means for sending water to the first exchanger heat and then to a boiler, means for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the first heat exchanger and an air separation apparatus supplied with compressed air into the compressor, heating means for heating the water downstream of the first exchanger, a second exchanger, means for sending water from the first exchanger to the heating means, heating means to the second exchanger and the second exchanger to the boiler and means for sending air from the compressor to the second exchanger upstream of the first exchanger, without preheating means between the compressor and the second exchanger and the second exchanger to the first exchanger. In this case, the compressor air heats the water without having been preheated by fumes as in the prior art. Eventually :

- Les moyens de chauffage sont constitués par un appareil de chauffage par contact direct.- The heating means are constituted by a direct contact heating device.

- L'appareil de chauffage est alimenté par de la vapeur provenant de la chaudière.- The heater is fed with steam from the boiler.

- L'appareil de chauffage sert également à séparer des gaz dissous dans l'eau. - L'installation comprend des moyens pour pressuriser l'eau en aval du premier échangeur et en amont du deuxième échangeur.- The heater is also used to separate gases dissolved in water. - The installation comprises means for pressurizing the water downstream of the first exchanger and upstream of the second exchanger.

- L'installation comprend un appareil d'épuration d'air en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air, éventuellement un vaporiseur de secours d'un liquide produit par l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier échangeur à l'appareil d'épuration d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air épuré dans l'appareil d'épuration à l'appareil de séparation d'air et des moyens pour envoyer la vapeur d'eau de la chaudière à un échangeur de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à l'appareil d'épuration et/ou au vaporiseur de secours et/ou à un système de refroidissement par absorption de l'appareil de séparation.- The installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus upstream of the air separation apparatus, optionally a backup vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air the air from the first heat exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for supplying the steam boiler water to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus.

- L'installation comprend un appareil d'épuration d'air, un appareil de séparation d'air, éventuellement un vaporiseur de secours d'un liquide produit par l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier échangeur à l'appareil d'épuration d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air épuré dans l'appareil d'épuration à l'appareil de séparation d'air et des moyens pour envoyer la vapeur d'eau provenant des moyens de chauffage à un échangeur de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à l'appareil d'épuration et/ou au vaporiseur de secours et/ou à un système de refroidissement par absorption de l'appareil de séparation. - L'installation comprend un appareil d'épuration d'air, un appareil de séparation d'air, éventuellement un vaporiseur de secours d'un liquide produit par l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier échangeur à l'appareil d'épuration d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air épuré dans l'appareil d'épuration à l'appareil de séparation d'air et des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau provenant du premier échangeur à un échangeur de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à l'appareil d'épuration et/ou au vaporiseur de secours et/ou à un système de refroidissement par absorption de l'appareil de séparation. - L'installation comprend des moyens pour envoyer de la vapeur d'eau de la chaudière à une turbine à vapeur.- The installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus, an air separation apparatus, possibly an emergency vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the first exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for supplying water vapor from heating means to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus. - The installation comprises an air cleaning apparatus, an air separation apparatus, possibly an emergency vaporizer of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the first exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air into the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for sending water from the first exchanger to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus. The installation comprises means for sending water vapor from the boiler to a steam turbine.

- L'installation comprend des moyens pour condenser la vapeur provenant de la turbine et pour envoyer au moins une partie de l'eau ainsi formée au premier échangeur, une partie étant éventuellement envoyée à une centrale thermique.- The installation comprises means for condensing the steam from the turbine and for sending at least a portion of the water thus formed to the first exchanger, a portion possibly being sent to a thermal power plant.

- L'installation comprend des moyens pour envoyer de la vapeur de la turbine à un échangeur de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à un appareil d'épuration de l'appareil de séparation d'air.- The plant comprises means for sending steam from the turbine to a regeneration gas heating exchanger for a purification apparatus of the air separation apparatus.

- Le compresseur est un compresseur adiabatique. - Le compresseur comprend au moins un moyen de refroidissement en aval d'un étage du compresseur.- The compressor is an adiabatic compressor. - The compressor comprises at least one cooling means downstream of a compressor stage.

- Aucun moyen de compression ne comprime l'air entre le compresseur d'air (31 ) et l'appareil de séparation d'air (49).- No compression means compresses the air between the air compressor (31) and the air separation apparatus (49).

Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de chauffage d'eau destiné à une chaudière dans laquelle on chauffe de l'eau dans un premier échangeur de chaleur par échange de chaleur avec de l'air provenant d'un compresseur entraîné par une turbine à vapeur, puis on envoie l'air refroidi dans ce premier échangeur à un appareil de séparation d'air, caractérisé en ce qu'on réchauffe l'eau provenant du premier échangeur et on l'envoie à un deuxième échangeur, de préférence sans l'avoir réchauffée, où elle échange de la chaleur avec de l'air provenant du compresseur, l'air provenant du compresseur n'ayant pas été pré-chauffé entre le compresseur et le deuxième échangeur, on envoie l'air refroidi dans le deuxième échangeur au premier échangeur et on envoie l'eau chauffée dans le deuxième échangeur dans la chaudière.According to another object of the invention, there is provided a method of heating water for a boiler in which water is heated in a first heat exchanger by heat exchange with air from a compressor driven by a steam turbine, then the cooled air is sent in this first exchanger to an air separation apparatus, characterized in that the water from the first heat exchanger is heated and is sent to a second exchanger, preferably without having heated, where it exchanges heat with air from the compressor, the air from the compressor has not been preheated between the compressor and the second exchanger, it sends the air cooled in the second exchanger to the first exchanger and the heated water is sent into the second exchanger in the boiler.

De préférence le compresseur d'air produit de l'air à une première pression et l'air est envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air à cette première pression, sans compression en aval du compresseur d'air. De préférence, tout l'air du compresseur d'air est envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air.Preferably the air compressor produces air at a first pressure and the air is sent to the air separation apparatus at that first pressure, without compression downstream of the air compressor. Preferably, all air from the air compressor is sent to the air separation apparatus.

L'invention sera décrite en plus de détail en se référant aux figures. Les Figures 1 et 4 illustrent des installations selon l'invention et les Figures 2 et 3 sont des diagrammes Q-T d'un échangeur de l'installation.The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figures. Figures 1 and 4 illustrate facilities according to the invention and Figures 2 and 3 are Q-T diagrams of an exchanger of the facility.

Dans la Figure 1 , de l'eau 27 est extraite d'un condenseur 23 à 45°C et pompée à 15 bar par une pompe 25. Cette eau pompée est chauffée par échange indirect dans un premier échangeur 29 jusqu'à une première température d'au moins 1000C, de préférence au moins 1300C, voire au moins 150°C, même à au moins 1700C, par exemple dans ce cas 175°C. Dans ce premier échangeur l'eau récupère de la chaleur de l'air 35 provenant d'un compresseur d'air 31. Le compresseur peut être adiabatique ou avoir des moyens de refroidissement entre les étages. L'eau chaude est envoyée à un dégazeur 3 qui reçoit de la vapeur d'eau 5 à 14 bars provenant d'une chaudière 1. L'eau est ainsi chauffée de sa première température jusqu'à 196°C et de l'oxygène dissous est enlevé par stripage. L'eau 7 à 196°C est pompée par la pompe 9 à 150 bars formant le débit 11 et envoyé à un deuxième échangeur 13 où il échange de la chaleur avec de l'air 33 provenant du compresseur d'air 31. Après passage dans les deux échangeurs, l'air 37 est envoyé à un appareil de séparation d'air, à illustrer plus loin dans la Figure 4.In Figure 1, water 27 is extracted from a condenser 23 at 45 ° C and pumped to 15 bar by a pump 25. This pumped water is heated by indirect exchange in a first exchanger 29 to a first temperature at least 100 ° C., preferably at least 130 ° C., or even at least 150 ° C., even at least 170 ° C., for example 175 ° C. in this case. In this first exchanger the water recovers heat from the air 35 from an air compressor 31. The compressor can be adiabatic or have cooling means between the stages. The hot water is sent to a degasser 3 which receives steam 5 to 14 bars from a boiler 1. The water is heated from its first temperature to 196 ° C and oxygen dissolved is removed by stripping. The water 7 at 196 ° C is pumped by the pump 9 to 150 bar forming the flow 11 and sent to a second exchanger 13 where it exchanges heat with air 33 from the air compressor 31. After passage in both exchangers, the air 37 is sent to an air separation apparatus, to be illustrated further in FIG. 4.

Le débit d'eau à haute pression 15 est envoyé à la chaudière 1. La vapeur d'eau 19 provenant de la chaudière 1 est envoyée à une turbine à vapeur 17 qui entraîne le compresseur d'air 31. La vapeur 21 est ensuite envoyée au condenseur 23. L'air n'est pas comprimé entre la sortie du compresseur 31 et l'entrée de l'appareil de séparation d'air 49.The flow of water at high pressure 15 is sent to the boiler 1. The steam 19 from the boiler 1 is sent to a steam turbine 17 which drives the air compressor 31. The steam 21 is then sent at the condenser 23. The air is not compressed between the outlet of the compressor 31 and the inlet of the air separation device 49.

La Figure 2 illustre l'échange de chaleur dans les deux échangeurs 13,29. Cette configuration permet un bon usage de la chaleur provenant du compresseur et une dégazéification efficace à moyenne pression. Afin d'optimiser le diagramme d'échange (et de rendre les lignes du graphique les plus parallèles possible) pour obtenir celui de la Figure 3, il est recommandé d'envoyer une partie de l'eau 27 condensée après la turbine à vapeur 17 de l'appareil de séparation d'air vers le système de préchauffage de la centrale thermique (« power plant » en anglais), et non vers le préchauffage par échange avec de l'air chaud.Figure 2 illustrates the heat exchange in the two heat exchangers 13,29. This configuration allows good use of heat from the compressor and efficient degassing at medium pressure. In order to optimize the exchange diagram (and make the lines of the graph as parallel as possible) to that of Figure 3, it is recommended to send some of the condensed water after the steam turbine 17 from the air separation unit to the preheating system of the power plant ("power plant" in English), not to preheating by exchange with hot air.

La Figure 4 illustre une version de la Figure 1 montrant en plus de détail l'appareil de séparation d'air. L'air 37 provenant du compresseur 31 est envoyé à un appareil d'épuration 41 et ensuite à un appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique 49. Un produit liquide de l'appareil de séparation 49 est parfois vaporisé dans un vaporiseur de secours 51.Figure 4 illustrates a version of Figure 1 showing in more detail the air separation apparatus. The air 37 from the compressor 31 is sent to a purification apparatus 41 and then to a cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus 49. A liquid product of the separation apparatus 49 is sometimes vaporized in a backup vaporizer 51.

L'appareil d'épuration est régénéré par un débit d'azote 43 provenant de l'appareil de séparation d'air 49. Ce débit d'azote peut être préchauffé par de la vapeur d'eau provenant de la chaudière 1 et/ou par de la vapeur d'eau 55 provenant du dégazeur 3 et/ou des purges de la chaudière. De préférence la vapeur d'eau provenant de la chaudière 1 est une fraction du débit 5 destiné au dégazeur 3.The purification apparatus is regenerated by a nitrogen flow 43 from the air separation apparatus 49. This nitrogen flow can be preheated by steam from the boiler 1 and / or by water vapor 55 from the degasser 3 and / or purges of the boiler. Preferably the water vapor coming from the boiler 1 is a fraction of the flow rate 5 intended for the degasser 3.

Additionnellement ou alternativement, une partie 57 de l'eau chauffée dans le premier échangeur 29 à environ 1500C peut chauffer l'azote de régénération 43. Cette eau peut être soutirée de manière continue et stockée dans un stockage isolé thermiquement (non illustré) et envoyé ponctuellement pour chauffer l'azote de régénération.Additionally or alternatively, a portion 57 of the water heated in the first exchanger 29 to about 150 0 C can heat the regeneration nitrogen 43. This water can be withdrawn continuously and stored in a thermally insulated storage (not shown) and sent punctually to heat the regeneration nitrogen.

De la vapeur d'eau 53 provenant du dégazeur 3 peut servir à vaporiser un liquide cryogénique de l'appareil de séparation d'air dans un vaporiseur de secours 51.Water vapor 53 from the degasser 3 may be used to vaporize a cryogenic liquid from the air separation apparatus in a backup vaporizer 51.

Une partie de la vapeur d'eau 5 et/ou de l'eau 57 et/ou de la vapeur d'eau 45 et/ou de la vapeur d'eau 55 peut également servir au chauffage d'un groupe frigorifique à absorption de l'appareil de séparation d'air 49. Aucun moyen de compression ne comprime l'air entre le compresseur d'air 31 et l'appareil de séparation d'air 49 et tout l'air provenant du compresseur d'air 31 est envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air 49. Part of the water vapor 5 and / or water 57 and / or water vapor 45 and / or water vapor 55 can also be used for heating a refrigeration unit with absorption of water. the air separation apparatus 49. No compression means compresses the air between the air compressor 31 and the air separation apparatus 49 and all air from the air compressor 31 is sent to the air separation apparatus 49.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Installation intégrée comprenant un compresseur d'air (31 ), une turbine à vapeur (17) couplée au compresseur d'air, un premier échangeur de chaleur (29), des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau au premier échangeur de chaleur et ensuite à une chaudière (1 ), des moyens pour envoyer l'air comprimé du compresseur au premier échangeur de chaleur et un appareil de séparation d'air (49) alimenté par de l'air comprimé dans le compresseur, des moyens de chauffage (3) pour chauffer l'eau en aval du premier échangeur, un deuxième échangeur (13), des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau du premier échangeur aux moyens de chauffage, des moyens de chauffage au deuxième échangeur et du deuxième échangeur à la chaudière et des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du compresseur d'air directement au deuxième échangeur en amont du premier échangeur, sans passer par un moyen de pré-chauffage, et des moyens pour envoyer l'air du deuxième échangeur au premier échangeur.An integrated plant comprising an air compressor (31), a steam turbine (17) coupled to the air compressor, a first heat exchanger (29), means for supplying water to the first heat exchanger and then to a boiler (1), means for feeding compressed air from the compressor to the first heat exchanger and an air separation apparatus (49) supplied with compressed air into the compressor, heating means (3) for heating the water downstream of the first exchanger, a second exchanger (13), means for sending water from the first exchanger to the heating means, heating means to the second exchanger and the second exchanger to the boiler and means for sending air compressor air directly to the second exchanger upstream of the first exchanger, without passing through a pre-heating means, and means for sending air from the second exchanger to the first exchanger. 2. Installation selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle les moyens de chauffage sont constitués par un appareil de chauffage par contact direct (3).2. Installation according to claim 1 wherein the heating means are constituted by a direct contact heating apparatus (3). 3. Installation selon la revendication 2 dans laquelle l'appareil de chauffage (3) est alimenté par de la vapeur provenant de la chaudière (1 ).3. Installation according to claim 2 wherein the heater (3) is fed with steam from the boiler (1). 4. Installation selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3 dans laquelle l'appareil de chauffage (3) sert également à séparer des gaz dissous dans l'eau.4. Installation according to one of claims 2 and 3 wherein the heater (3) is also used to separate gases dissolved in water. 5. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant des moyens (9) pour pressuriser l'eau en aval du premier échangeur et en amont du deuxième échangeur.5. Installation according to one of the preceding claims comprising means (9) for pressurizing the water downstream of the first exchanger and upstream of the second exchanger. 6. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant un appareil d'épuration d'air (41 ) en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air (49), éventuellement un vaporiseur de secours (51 ) d'un liquide produit par l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier échangeur (29) à l'appareil d'épuration d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air épuré dans l'appareil d'épuration à l'appareil de séparation d'air et des moyens pour envoyer la vapeur d'eau de la chaudière à un échangeur (47) de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à l'appareil d'épuration et/ou au vaporiseur de secours et/ou à un système de refroidissement par absorption de l'appareil de séparation.6. Installation according to one of the preceding claims comprising an air cleaning device (41) upstream of the air separation device (49), optionally a backup vaporizer (51) of a fluid produced. by the air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the first exchanger (29) to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the air separation apparatus and means for supplying the water vapor of the the boiler has a regeneration gas heating exchanger (47) for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus. 7. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant un appareil d'épuration d'air (41 ), un appareil de séparation d'air (49), éventuellement un vaporiseur de secours (51 ) d'un liquide produit par l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier échangeur à l'appareil d'épuration d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air épuré dans l'appareil d'épuration à l'appareil de séparation d'air et des moyens pour envoyer la vapeur d'eau provenant des moyens de chauffage à un échangeur (47) de chauffage de gaz de régénération destiné à l'appareil d'épuration et/ou au vaporiseur de secours et/ou à un système de refroidissement par absorption de l'appareil de séparation.7. Installation according to one of the preceding claims comprising an air cleaning apparatus (41), an air separation apparatus (49), optionally an emergency vaporizer (51) of a liquid produced by the air separation apparatus, means for supplying air from the first exchanger to the air cleaning apparatus, means for supplying purified air to the purification apparatus to the apparatus for separation of air and means for sending water vapor from the heating means to a regeneration gas heating exchanger (47) for the purification apparatus and / or the emergency vaporizer and / or an absorption cooling system of the separation apparatus. 8. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant des moyens pour envoyer de la vapeur d'eau de la chaudière à la turbine à vapeur (17), et des moyens (23) pour condenser la vapeur provenant de la turbine et pour envoyer au moins une partie de l'eau ainsi formée au premier échangeur (29).8. Installation according to one of the preceding claims comprising means for sending steam from the boiler to the steam turbine (17), and means (23) for condensing the steam from the turbine and to send at least a portion of the water thus formed at the first exchanger (29). 9. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel aucun moyen de compression ne comprime l'air entre le compresseur d'air (31 ) et l'appareil de séparation d'air (49).9. Installation according to one of the preceding claims wherein no compression means compresses the air between the air compressor (31) and the air separation apparatus (49). 10. Procédé de chauffage d'eau destiné à une chaudière (1 ) dans laquelle on chauffe de l'eau dans un premier échangeur de chaleur (29) par échange de chaleur avec de l'air provenant d'un compresseur (31 ), entraîné par une turbine à vapeur, puis on envoie l'air refroidi dans ce premier échangeur à un appareil de séparation d'air (49) caractérisé en ce que l'on réchauffe l'eau provenant du premier échangeur et on l'envoie à un deuxième échangeur (13) où elle échange de la chaleur avec de l'air provenant du compresseur, l'air provenant du compresseur n'ayant pas été pré-chauffé entre le compresseur et le deuxième échangeur, on envoie l'air refroidi dans le deuxième échangeur au premier échangeur et on envoie l'eau chauffée dans le deuxième échangeur dans la chaudière. A method of heating water for a boiler (1) in which water is heated in a first heat exchanger (29) by heat exchange with air from a compressor (31), driven by a steam turbine, then the cooled air is sent into this first exchanger to an air separation apparatus (49) characterized in that the water from the first exchanger is heated and is sent to a second exchanger (13) where it exchanges heat with air coming from the compressor, the air coming from the compressor not having been preheated between the compressor and the second exchanger, the cooled air is sent into the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger and the heated water is sent into the second heat exchanger in the boiler.
PCT/FR2009/052145 2008-11-10 2009-11-06 Integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler Ceased WO2010052437A2 (en)

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CN200980144751.8A CN102209873B (en) 2008-11-10 2009-11-06 Integrated Air Separation and Water Heating Plants for Boilers
US13/128,173 US20110214452A1 (en) 2008-11-10 2009-11-06 Integrated Air-Separating And Water-Heating Apparatus Intended For A Boiler
EP09768157A EP2344822A2 (en) 2008-11-10 2009-11-06 Integrated air-separating and water-heating apparatus intended for a boiler

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FR0857631A FR2938320B1 (en) 2008-11-10 2008-11-10 INTEGRATED AIR SEPARATION AND WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR A BOILER
FR0857631 2008-11-10

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FR2938320B1 (en) 2013-03-15
EP2344822A2 (en) 2011-07-20
WO2010052437A3 (en) 2011-06-03
CN102209873A (en) 2011-10-05
US20110214452A1 (en) 2011-09-08
KR20110086591A (en) 2011-07-28
FR2938320A1 (en) 2010-05-14
CN102209873B (en) 2014-02-26

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