WO2010050236A1 - Method for estimation of coke oven load generated during coke extrusion - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for estimation of a coke oven load generated during coke extrusion, whereby the extrusion load when coke cake passes through a narrow width part of the oven where the distance between the oven walls narrows due to a protrusion existing at the wall of a coke oven carbonization chamber is evaluated using an exponent (Qn), which is defined with general formula (1), for which the parameters are the distance (L) between the oven walls, the thickness (h) of the protrusion, and the total amount of air space (w) in the width direction of the oven. The total amount of air space (w) is the combined amount of air space between the coke cake and the left/right oven walls in the extrusion direction of the coke cake and the amount of air space in the central part of the coke cake. Qn=(h-w)/L (1)

Description

Method for estimating the load generated during coke extrusion in a coke oven.

The present invention, for example, at the time of coke extrusion in a horizontal chamber type coke oven, particularly in the case where there are protrusions on the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber, takes into account the properties of the coke cake determined by the type of charging coal and dry distillation conditions. It is related with the method of estimating the load which generate | occur | produces in the case of.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-279889 filed in Japan on October 30, 2008, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In recent coke oven operations, the coal charging (filling) density in the carbonization chamber tends to increase in order to improve coke quality and productivity. Therefore, when extruding coke, the load applied to the side wall (furnace wall) of the carbonization chamber increases, and the coke extrusion load tends to increase accordingly.
In addition, more than 30 years have passed since the construction, and aging of furnace bodies has progressed, and the number of coke ovens in which the rigidity of the furnace walls has decreased has increased. In such a coke oven, deformation and unevenness are generated on the wall surface of the coke oven carbonization chamber. When the coke cake passes through these deformed and uneven portions, the coke extrusion resistance increases and the load applied to the furnace wall increases. As a result, in this coke oven, there is a high possibility that troubles such as broken bricks in the furnace wall and damage to the furnace wall will occur.

More specifically, in a coke oven of a coke oven where aging has progressed, carbon adheres to the furnace wall and protrusions (convex parts) are formed, or furnace wall bricks are missing and recessed parts (concave parts). Is often formed, and the degree of unevenness on the furnace wall surface is increasing. When coke passes through the protrusion, a reaction force is received from the slope of the protrusion on the extruder ram side, and a load corresponding to the reaction force acts on the furnace wall. On the other hand, when coke passes through the hollow portion (concave portion), a reaction force is received from the slope of the corrugated guide wheel side of the hollow portion (concave portion), and a load corresponding to the reaction force acts on the furnace wall. When a load corresponding to these reaction forces acts on the furnace wall with reduced rigidity, the furnace wall may be damaged.

From this situation, it is better to evaluate in advance the force required to extrude the coke cake after carbonization from the carbonization chamber and the load acting on the furnace wall so that excessive load is not applied to the furnace wall. It has become even more important.

The force required to extrude the coke cake from the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is determined by the resistance when moving the coke cake. There are two main factors that determine the resistance: (i) a factor caused by the furnace body side, and (ii) a factor caused by the characteristics of the coke cake.

The main factor of “factors caused by the furnace body” is the properties of the furnace wall. Specifically, there are unevenness of the furnace wall brick, roughness of the brick surface, coefficient of friction between the furnace wall and the coke cake, furnace wall strength (displacement of the furnace wall during extrusion), and the like.
Of these, the effect of the unevenness of the furnace wall brick is considered to be the largest. In particular, in recent years, coke ovens have deteriorated, and in the carbonization chamber of coke ovens, as described above, carbon adheres to the furnace walls and protrusions are often formed. In the portion where the carbon protrusion is formed, the furnace width (distance between furnace walls) is narrowed accordingly (furnace width narrow portion). When the coke cake passes through the narrow portion of the furnace, it receives a reaction force from the slope of the protrusion on the extruder side. Further, since the coke cake is allowed to pass through a portion narrower than the original carbonization chamber width, naturally, an extra force is required than usual. As described above, when the coke cake passes through the protrusion, the resistance when the coke cake is pushed out increases.

As disclosed in Patent Document 2, the extrusion pressure of the coke cake acts as a pressure that pushes the furnace wall by the side pressure conversion rate determined by the gap (clearance) between the coke lump and the furnace wall. If extra resistance is required, such as the reaction force received from the slope of the projection or the force required to pass through the narrow furnace width, extra extrusion force is required to overcome these forces. Become. Therefore, a load (pressure) larger than usual acts on the furnace wall according to the degree of the resistance force.

At this time, if the side load generated on the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber becomes larger than the rigidity of the furnace wall, there is a very high possibility that troubles such as broken bricks in the furnace wall and damage to the furnace wall will occur. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of these troubles, it is necessary to operate the coke oven in consideration of the influence of the protrusions formed on the furnace wall on the extrusion load. To that end, it is necessary to develop a method for accurately predicting the extrusion load when there is a protrusion on the furnace wall.

With regard to the influence of such protrusions, the present inventors have found that the “resistance index” obtained by quantifying the shape of each protrusion and the position of the protrusion corresponds well with the extrusion force. Have applied for a patent (see Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, “factors attributed to the characteristics of the coke cake” include the strength of the coke mass, the amount of horizontal burn-out (rate), and the amount of voids (rate) in the coke cake.
In the coal charged in the carbonization chamber, during the carbonization process, the coal softened and melted layers meet at the center in the furnace width direction and then contract in the furnace width direction, resulting in a horizontal burnout in which the volume decreases in the horizontal direction. . The horizontal burning of this coke is the amount of voids formed in the center of the coke oven width direction and the amount of voids formed between the furnace wall and the coke lump (the sum of these void amounts is referred to as “ It is closely related to “the void volume”. When extruding the coke cake from the carbonization chamber, a part of the extrusion force (pressure) applied to the coke cake from the extruder is applied to the furnace wall surface as a side pressure (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). The greater the amount of horizontal burn-out and the greater the total gap in the furnace width direction, the less force is required to extrude the coke cake. As a result, the load (pressure) applied to the furnace wall is also reduced.

For this reason, in order to prevent an excessive load (pressure) from being applied to the furnace wall, the amount of horizontal burning (rate) of the above-mentioned coke is estimated, and the void amount between the coking chamber furnace wall and the coke lump. Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose techniques for adjusting operation conditions such as the carbonization time so that the value does not fall below a predetermined value.

It is disclosed in Patent Document 1 that if the coke cake is in the same carbonized state, the extrusion load is well expressed by a resistance index defined from the situation (shape, location, etc.) of the protrusion on the furnace wall surface. . However, in actual coke oven operation, there are fluctuations in the moisture content of the charged coal, combustion chamber flue temperature, fluctuations in the carbonization time due to equipment troubles in the mobile machinery, etc. Extremely difficult. In particular, in a coke oven that has deteriorated over time, there is a high possibility that deterioration will occur in the combustion chambers disposed on both sides of the carbonization chamber as well. Therefore, the carbonization conditions of coal may differ with each coke oven. The combustion chamber has a configuration in which a plurality of gas supply ports and air supply ports are arranged side by side in the coke extrusion direction. For this reason, there is a possibility that the dry distillation conditions of coal differ depending on the deterioration state of each gas supply port or air supply port. That is, even in one coke oven, the coal carbonization conditions may be different.
Note that Patent Document 3 describes that the thickness of carbon attached to the furnace wall is taken into account, but the protrusion of the furnace wall due to attached carbon is not a problem.

JP 2008-201993 A JP-A-8-283730 JP 2000-290658 A JP 2005-249698 A

Ironmaking Conference Proceedings' AIME, 1998, 1155-1159

As described above, the influence of the factor on the furnace side on the coke extrusion force is related by the resistance index described above, but no clear index is disclosed when the factor on the coke cake side is also involved at the same time. . When the carbonization condition of coal changes due to factors on the furnace side, the factors on the coke cake side may fluctuate. Therefore, even if the extrusion force is estimated using the resistance index described in Patent Document 1, the estimated accuracy May cause problems. Conventionally, attention is paid to the gap between the furnace wall and the coke lump, but the actual gap amount is about several millimeters, whereas the gap amount in the center of the coke in the furnace width direction is several tens of millimeters. mm. Therefore, in order to estimate the extrusion force with high accuracy, it is necessary to consider the influence of the amount of voids in the center of the coke in the furnace width direction on the coke extrusion force.
The object of the present invention is to provide an index having a good correspondence with the extrusion force under conditions including the influence of both the properties of the coke cake and the factors on the furnace side determined by the type of coal charge and the carbonization conditions, and coke extrusion. This is to further improve the load estimation accuracy.

The extrusion force when the coke cake passes through the narrow part of the furnace where the width of the furnace is narrowed by the amount of the protrusion formed is the thickness of the protrusion and the total amount of voids in the furnace width direction (in the furnace width direction). This is considered to be governed by the relationship between the total void volume) and the furnace wall distance.
Therefore, as a result of investigating the relationship between the thickness of the protrusion with respect to the extrusion load, the total void amount in the furnace width direction, and the distance between the furnace walls, the coke cake passed through the narrow part of the furnace width. It has been found that the extrusion load can be expressed by a specific index.

The gist of the present invention based on such knowledge is as follows.
(1) The method for estimating the load generated during coke extrusion in the coke oven according to the present invention is a method in which a narrow furnace width portion in which the distance between the furnace walls is narrowed by the protrusions present on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber. The extrusion load when the coke cake passes is evaluated using the index Qn defined by the following formula (1) with the distance L between the furnace walls, the thickness h of the projections, and the total void amount w in the furnace width direction as parameters. The total void amount w is a void amount obtained by combining the void amount between the furnace wall on the left and right of the coke cake extrusion direction and the coke cake and the void amount in the center of the coke cake.
Qn = (hw) / L (1)
(2) In the case of (1) above, using an extrusion load measurement test apparatus capable of mounting a plurality of protrusions having different protrusion thicknesses h on the sidewalls, the distance L between the sidewalls, the protrusion thickness h, and The extrusion load under the condition of the total void amount w in the width direction was measured a plurality of times while exchanging the protrusions, and the extrusion measured with the Qn calculated using the equation (1) according to claim 1. A correlation X with the load is obtained in advance. And, from the thickness h ₁ of the projection of the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, the total void amount w ₁ in the furnace width direction obtained from the type of charging coal and dry distillation conditions, and the distance L ₁ between the furnace walls, It is preferable to calculate the index Qn ₁ related to the coke oven carbonization chamber using the equation (1) described in the above, and to determine the extrusion load of the coke oven carbonization chamber based on the correlation X and the Qn ₁ .
(3) In the case of (2) above, it is preferable to calculate the thickness h _{1 of the} protrusion by integrating the profile information of the furnace wall.
(4) In the case of (2) or (3) above, when extruding the coke cake arranged in the extrusion load measuring test device, a predetermined force is applied from the direction opposite to the extruding direction of the coke cake, It is preferable to obtain a correlation X between the Qn and the actually measured extrusion load.
(5) In the case of the above (2) or (3), when extruding the coke cake arranged in the extrusion load measuring test device, a predetermined force is applied from the upper part of the coke cake, and the Qn measured as the above It is preferable to obtain the correlation X with the extrusion load.

In the method for estimating the coke extrusion load in the coke oven of the present invention, the factor on the furnace wall side, which is the factor related to the coke cake extrusion load, and the factor on the coke cake side are simultaneously considered. For this reason, it is possible to accurately estimate the coke extrusion force and the pressing force (furnace wall side pressure) acting on the furnace wall corresponding to the state of the furnace wall, the type of charging coal, and the carbonization conditions.
For this reason, the operating conditions of the coke oven and the properties of the charged coal can be managed so that the furnace wall side pressure estimated based on the coke extrusion load does not exceed the pressure limit of the furnace wall. As a result, troubles such as furnace wall piercing can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to accurately estimate the part that may lead to the cracking of the furnace wall brick based on the profile information of the furnace wall, and it becomes possible to accurately set the priority order of the furnace wall repair, and to improve the repair efficiency. Can do.
As a result, not only can the life of the coke oven body be extended, but the operation of the coke oven can be performed stably.
Further, according to the present invention, since the force required for coke extrusion can be estimated, it is possible to determine in advance whether or not coke extrusion is possible. Accordingly, troubles such as coke stuffing are reduced, and a synergistic effect of improving coke productivity is obtained.

It is a figure which shows one example of the relationship between Qn obtained by the coke extrusion load measurement test, and the force (coke pushing force-reaction force) required for getting over a protrusion part. It is a figure which shows one example of the relationship between Qn obtained by the coke extrusion load measurement test, and terrace surface press. It is a figure which shows one example of the relationship between Qn obtained by the coke extrusion load measurement test, and (terrace surface pressing / extrusion pressure). It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between Qn obtained by the coke extrusion load measurement test, and the total void amount w in the furnace width direction. It is a front view which shows the coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus used by embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus shown in FIG. 5A. It is a figure which shows an example of the shape of the projection part used for the coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus shown in FIG. 5A. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of measurement results of an extrusion test using the coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C. It is a figure for demonstrating the space | gap in connection with the coke cake in a carbonization chamber.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When a coke cake is extruded after carbonization of coal from a carbonization chamber in which protrusions due to carbon adhering to the furnace wall are formed, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the individual coke cakes constituting the coke cake are from the extruder side. It is necessary to climb the slope 21 on the extruder side of the protruding portion 9 toward the coke guide wheel side and pass (climb over) the terrace surface 22.

When the distance between the terrace surface 22 of the protrusion 9 and the furnace wall facing it is narrower than the length in the furnace width direction of the coke cake on the extruder side from the protrusion 9, the protrusion 9 passes through the protrusion 9. For this purpose, a larger force is required than when the furnace wall surface is smooth. The force required for the passage includes the thickness of the protrusion 9 in the furnace width direction (thickness h of the protrusion), the total amount of voids in the furnace width direction (total void amount w in the furnace width direction), and the distance between the furnace walls It is thought that it is dominated by L.

Therefore, the present inventors have intensively investigated the relationship between the protrusion thickness h and the total void amount w in the furnace width direction with respect to the extrusion load by using a coke extrusion measurement test, which will be described later. . As a result, the force (extrusion force) required for the coke cake to pass through the narrow furnace width portion where the distance between the furnace walls is narrowed by the protrusions uses the index Qn defined by the following equation (1). I found out that it can be organized.
Qn = (hw) / L (1)

Here, the total void amount w in the furnace width direction is a value determined by the type of charging coal, dry distillation conditions, and the like, as will be described later. Referring to FIG. 7, the total void amount w in the furnace width direction is the amount of voids 23 between the furnace wall 26 of the carbonization chamber and the coke lump 25 (the total amount of voids on both sides of the carbonization chamber) and the coke cake. It is the total amount with the amount of the gap 24 in the center in the furnace width direction. Further, h is the thickness of the projection 9 (furnace width direction), and L is the distance between the furnace walls 26 (furnace width) of the carbonization chamber.

In the above formula (1), (hw) is divided by the furnace wall distance L. The furnace width of the coking chamber is from the extruder side (PusherushSide, PS) to the coke guide wheel side (Coke Side, CS). This is because the influence of the position of the coking chamber in the furnace length direction can be reflected. Moreover, since the width | variety (average furnace width) of a carbonization chamber changes with coke ovens, it is the result which also considered the influence. For this reason, Qn becomes a dimensionless number as a result.

Using an extrusion load measurement test apparatus (see FIGS. 5A to 5C) to be described later, protrusions 9 of various thicknesses are attached to the side wall of the extrusion load measurement test apparatus, the gap amount between the side wall 5 on both sides and the test coke lump, and The extruding load measurement test was performed while changing the amount of voids in the center of the coke lump in the furnace width direction and adding an extruding force and a reaction force opposite thereto to the test coke cake 2. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the index Qn and the force required for the passage of the protrusion 9 obtained in this test (the value obtained by subtracting the reaction force from the coke pressing force, that is, the force required for getting over the protrusion). Moreover, the relationship between the pressure (terrace surface pressing) which acts on the terrace surface 22 of the protrusion part 9 and the index | exponent Qn is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the force necessary for overcoming the protrusion is approximated with a high correlation coefficient (R ² = 0.87) by an exponential function using the exponent Qn shown in the above formula (1). Can do. Similarly, the pressing of the terrace surface can be approximated with a high correlation coefficient (R ² = 0.91) by an exponential function using the exponent Qn (FIG. 2).

It is also found that the ratio (side pressure conversion rate) of the pressure (extrusion pressure) acting on the pressing on the terrace surface and the coke surface on the extrusion side changes linearly with respect to the index Qn as shown in FIG. It was. This can be grasped as being on the Rankine coefficient when viewed locally on the terrace surface of the protrusion 9.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the force required for overcoming the protrusion and the total void amount w in the furnace width direction, but a good correspondence as shown in FIG. 1 cannot be obtained. From this, the effectiveness of obtaining the correlation in consideration of the thickness h of the protrusion and the distance L between the furnace walls with respect to the total void amount w in the furnace width direction was confirmed.

As described above, the extrusion load (force necessary to overcome the protrusion, terrace surface pressure, and lateral pressure conversion rate) is a factor on the coke cake side that is determined by factors on the furnace body side, type of charging coal, dry distillation conditions, etc. It was shown that it can be estimated with high accuracy by an expression using the index Qn determined in consideration of the above.

Next, a method of obtaining the thickness h of the projection of the carbonization chamber furnace wall and the total void amount w in the furnace width direction, which is necessary for estimating the load applied to the side wall of the carbonization chamber at the time of coke extrusion force and the extrusion force, A test apparatus for determining the relationship between the index Qn and the coke pushing force will be described.

For the protrusions formed on the furnace wall surface of the carbonization chamber, the formation position and the thickness h of the protrusions are measured with a laser distance meter with respect to the furnace wall surface of the carbonization chamber, as described in Patent Document 4, for example. It can be obtained by moving and actually measuring.
With the recent aging of coke ovens, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the state of the wall of the coking chamber. Therefore, it is important to measure the profile of the furnace wall in the height direction and the furnace length direction in the carbonization chamber, and to investigate and measure the state of the furnace wall brick and the position and shape of the unevenness formed on the furnace wall. Sex is increasing. Various devices for performing such investigations and measurements have been proposed in addition to Patent Document 4 described above. In the present invention, when measuring the formation position of the protrusion, the thickness h of the protrusion, and the shape thereof, such known means can be appropriately used.

The total void amount w in the furnace width direction can be obtained, for example, as follows.
When producing coke, the shrinkage rate of coke during dry distillation varies depending on the operating conditions such as brands, blending ratio, and dry distillation time of a plurality of raw coals to be blended. In addition, since the carbonization chamber is generally tapered in the furnace length direction, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber has an in-row temperature distribution so that heating to coal is constant. Since the coke shrinkage rate changes depending on the temperature, the coke shrinkage rate during dry distillation may change depending on the position of the coke oven in the coke extrusion direction.
Therefore, for example, as described in Patent Document 2, a dry distillation test is performed using a test furnace such as a small electric furnace (for example, the size of the carbonization chamber is 1050 mm long × 900 mm high × 450 mm wide). The relationship between the carbonization time at various furnace temperatures and the amount of quenching is obtained in advance under various coal charging conditions. From these relationships obtained in this test, the amount of coke burn-out (shrinkage rate) in the furnace width direction in actual operation can be obtained.

It can also be obtained by the following method as described in Patent Document 3.
Coke shrinkage begins after the softened and molten layer disappears in the coke oven. At this time, the coke contracts toward the contraction center in the coke. Therefore, the reduction in the volume of the coke due to the shrinkage is distributed between the reduction in the volume due to the shrinkage of the coke at the center of the carbonization chamber and the reduction in the volume due to the shrinkage of the coke on the furnace wall side.
The shrinkage rate (shrinkage coefficient) of coke is mainly determined from the volatile matter and temperature of coal. For example, C. Meyer, D. Habermehl and O. Abel: Gluckauf-Forshungshefte, 42 (1981), 233, shows the coke shrinkage coefficient as a function of coal volatiles and temperature. Based on a method known to those skilled in the art, the shrinkage rate of each part of the coke layer can be obtained by giving the volatile content and the temperature. At that time, the temperature of each part of the coke layer may be directly measured using a sheath thermocouple or the like. For example, it is described in Tashiro et al., Fuji Steel Technical Report, 17 (1968), page 353, etc. It can be estimated by calculating a one-dimensional heat conduction model using a known method.

After obtaining the coke shrinkage rate of each part of the coke in the furnace width direction at the time of coke extrusion, next, based on the coke shrinkage rate of each of these parts, any position in the coking chamber furnace width direction is the shrinkage center. The coke shrinkage on the furnace wall side is calculated. Furthermore, the average value of the coke shrinkage on the furnace wall side obtained at each shrinkage center position is defined as the coke shrinkage on the furnace wall side.
For example, the progress of dry distillation in a coke oven is considered to be symmetrical with respect to the center in the furnace width direction in the carbonization chamber because the combustion chambers are arranged on both sides of the carbonization chamber. Accordingly, one half of one side of the carbonization chamber is divided into 10 equal parts in the furnace width direction, and 11 points including the 10 divided positions and both ends of the carbonization chamber are on the furnace wall side when the respective positions are the contraction centers. Obtain the coke shrinkage. Next, by obtaining the average value of the coke shrinkage amount on the furnace wall side at these 11 points, the coke shrinkage amount on the furnace wall side can be obtained, and the void amount between the furnace wall and the coke lump can be obtained. Similarly, the void amount at the center in the furnace width direction can be obtained by calculating the average shrinkage of the coke at the center in the furnace width direction.

Next, in an off-line test using a coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus, the coke extrusion force and the load applied to the side wall surface when protrusions having various thicknesses h are present on the side wall surface are determined between the side wall and the coke mass. A method for obtaining the void amount and the void amount at the center in the width direction under various conditions will be described.

In the coke extrusion load measurement test apparatus shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a pair of side support bodies 7 and 7 (on the left and right with respect to the coke cake extrusion direction) are opposed to each other on the base 14 at a certain interval. Installed. In addition, a pair of supports 15 and 16 are disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined interval before and after the coke cake extrusion direction. The extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1 is attached to one support 15, and the reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder 3 is attached to the other support 16.

A pair of side panels 5 and 5 serving as left and right side walls are disposed between the left and right side supports 7 and 7, respectively. Further, a front panel 11 and a rear panel 12 (front and rear panels 11, 12) serving as movable walls are disposed between the opposing extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder 3, respectively. The pair of side panels 5 and 5 and the front and rear panels 11 and 12 form an extrusion space for the test coke cake 2.
Rollers 20 are attached to the lower ends of the front and rear panels 11 and 12, respectively, so that they can move smoothly on the base 14. Therefore, when measuring the extrusion load and the receiving load described later, the friction between the front and rear panels 11 and 12 and the base 14 is reduced, and the accuracy of the measurement result obtained is improved.

The pushing hydraulic cylinder 1 transmits a pressing force to the front panel 11 by a cylinder head 10 at the tip of the rod. Similarly, the reaction force adding hydraulic cylinder 3 transmits a certain reaction force against the pressing force to the rear panel 12.

In an actual coke oven, when coke cake is extruded from the carbonization chamber, the force (pressing pressure) transmitted through the coke cake decreases as it goes from PS (extruder side) to CS (coke guide car side). . In order to simulate the difference in pressing pressure depending on the position in the furnace length direction, the coke cake 2 surrounded by the side panels 5 and 5 and the front and rear panels 11 and 12 is extruded using the extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1. At this time, the magnitude of the reaction force by the reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder 3 is changed. Thereby, an extrusion load measurement test can be performed under the condition that the position of the coke cake 2 actually extruded in the furnace length direction is arbitrarily changed.

Between the cylinder head 10 of the extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1 and the front panel 11, a load cell (load converter) 17 is installed as a load detection means. Similarly, a load cell (load converter) 17 is installed between the cylinder head 10 and the rear panel 12 of the reaction force applying hydraulic cylinder 3 as load detecting means. The load cells 17 and 17 detect the pushing force of the pushing hydraulic cylinder 1 and the force received by the reaction force adding hydraulic cylinder 3.

In an actual coke oven, an air gap (reference numeral 23 in FIG. 7) exists between the furnace wall surface and the coke lump. In order to reproduce this condition, the side panels 5 and 5 have intermediate movable walls 6 and 6 held by the side panel support hydraulic cylinders 4 and 4 so that the side panels 5 and 5 can be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the coke cake extrusion direction. Installed.
The distance between the side panels 5 and 5 and the coke cake 2 in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the coke cake 2 is extruded is measured by the position detectors 8 and 8 provided before and after the coke cake 2 in the direction in which the coke cake 2 is extruded. Based on the above, the intermediate movable walls 6 and 6 can be appropriately adjusted by moving the side panel supporting hydraulic cylinders 4 and 4.

Between the intermediate movable walls 6 and 6 and the side panels 5 and 5, a plurality of load cells 18 and 18 for measuring the load applied to the side panels 5 and 5 are installed. The load (receiving force) received by the left and right side panels 5 and 5 is detected as the total value of the values measured by the respective load cells 18.

The side panels 5 and 5 may move in the coke extrusion direction together with the coke cake 2 during coke extrusion. In order to prevent this, a movement restricting device such as a stopper or a linear motion guide may be attached to both ends of the side panels 5 and 5 in the coke pushing direction.

In order to evaluate the influence which the protrusion part which exists in the furnace wall surface of a coke oven carbonization chamber has on the extrusion load, the protrusion part as shown in FIG. 9 is attached by fixing means such as bolts.

The shape of the protruding portion 9 is set in accordance with the shape of the actual protruding portion of the coke oven obtained by the above method. As an example, a trapezoidal projection 9 having a wedge-shaped slope in part is shown in FIG. 5C. The protrusion 9 is composed of a terrace surface 22 parallel to the extrusion direction and an inclined surface 21 connected thereto. By performing a test using a plurality of protrusions 9 having different thicknesses h of the protrusions 9, the length of the slopes 21, the length of the terrace surface 22, the shape of the protrusions 9, and the surface state of the protrusions 9, respectively. The influence on the furnace wall load due to the difference in the shape of the protrusion 9 can be quantitatively evaluated.
In the example of FIG. 5C, the trapezoidal protrusion 9 having a wedge-shaped inclined surface 21 is shown as an example. However, an actual coke oven such as an inclined surface having a droplet-like curve or a wavy inclined surface is used. Protrusions with a shape that matches the actual conditions of Also in this case, as in the case of the trapezoidal protrusion 9 having the wedge-shaped inclined surface 21, the force necessary for getting over the protrusion 9 can be approximated by a function using the index Qn.

In an actual coke oven, there is a self-load distribution in the height direction of the coke cake as described above. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B, the weight 19 as a load is loaded on the upper part of the coke cake 2 so that the measurement can be performed in a state where the assumed position of the protrusion 9 in the height direction of the carbonization chamber is changed. The As the weight 19 loaded on the coke cake, for example, a steel plate can be used. The magnitude of the load can be changed by changing the thickness of the steel plates or the number of sheets to be stacked.

A position detector 13 such as a laser distance meter is attached to the extrusion hydraulic cylinder support 15 provided on the base 14. The position detector 13 can continuously measure the moving distance of the front panel 11 during coke extrusion.

In the coke cake extrusion load measuring test apparatus configured as described above, a test coke having a predetermined size (for example, length 600 × height 370 × width 430 mm) obtained by carbonization in a small electric carbonization furnace or the like, for example. The cake 2 is arranged in a space surrounded by the side panels 5 and 5 and the front and rear panels 11 and 12 of the apparatus. At this time, a projection 9 having predetermined conditions (such as a shape detected by an actual coke oven) is attached to the side panel 5 on one side in advance as shown in FIG. 5A. Moreover, the amount of voids in the central part of the coke cake 2 is measured.

The position detectors 8 and 8 provided on the front and back sides of the side supports 7 and 7 indicate the amount of gap between the coke lump constituting the coke cake 2 arranged on the base 14 and the side panels 5 and 5. Is adjusted to a predetermined value by moving the intermediate movable walls 6, 6. Further, on the upper part of the coke cake 2, a weight 19 having a weight that assumes the position of the protrusion 9 in the furnace height direction of the actual coke oven carbonization chamber is loaded.

Next, the extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1 is operated to apply an extrusion force to the coke cake 2, and the coke cake 2 starts to be extruded while a certain reaction force is applied by the reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder 3.
After the start of extrusion, the coke cake 2 moves in the direction of the reaction force application hydraulic cylinder 3 by the force of (extrusion force-reaction force), moves (climbs up) the slope 21 of the protrusion 9, and finally It moves so as to ride on the terrace surface 22 of the protrusion 9.
When the coke cake 2 passes through the protruding portion 9, the load cells 17 and 18 continuously measure the extrusion force, the reaction force, and the force applied to the left and right side panels 5, 5.

When an extrusion force is applied to the test coke cake 2 by the extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic device of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is controlled so that the reaction force by the reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder 3 is constant. As described above, by changing the set value of the constant reaction force (the pushing force also changes depending on the set value of the reaction force), the assumed position in the furnace length direction of the coke cake 2 in the actual coke oven is changed. The load applied to the furnace wall at an arbitrary position in the furnace length direction can be evaluated.
Further, as described above, by changing the amount of the weight 19 loaded on the top of the coke cake 2, the assumed position of the coke cake 2 in the actual coke oven in the furnace height direction can be changed. The load applied to the furnace wall at the position can be evaluated.

In accordance with the above procedure, a coke extrusion test was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1. An example of the load profile during extrusion obtained in this test is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, after the start of the extrusion of the test coke cake 2, the extrusion load and the receiving side load increase, and the receiving side load reaches the set value (about 1.9 tonf) of the reaction force adding hydraulic cylinder 3. After reaching, the load on the receiving side was maintained at a substantially constant value.
When the moving distance of the cylinder head 10 on the extrusion hydraulic cylinder 1 side was 120 to 130 mm or more, the test coke cake 2 began to climb the slope 21 of the protrusion 9, and the lateral load on the left and right began to increase.
As the extrusion further progressed and the coke cake 2 entered the narrow furnace width portion formed by the terrace surface 22 of the protrusion 9 and the side panel 5 on the left side in the extrusion direction, the extrusion load and the left and right side loads further increased. When the extruding distance (traveling hydraulic cylinder head moving distance) was approximately 500 mm, almost the entire coke cake 2 was packed into the narrow portion of the furnace width, and both the extruding load and the left and right side loads became maximum. The reason why each load decreased when the extrusion distance reached 500 mm was that the end of the test coke cake 2 began to be extruded from the coke extrusion load measurement test device.

Such a coke extrusion test was carried out by changing the thickness h of the protrusion, the amount of void between the side wall (side panel) and the coke lump, and the amount of void in the center of the coke cake, and the extrusion load and side surface in each case. The load was measured. As a result, FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 were obtained.

In the symbols in FIGS. 1 to 4, ◯ indicates that the initial value of the gap between the side wall and the coke mass is 5 mm (total on both sides), the initial value of the gap in the center of the coke cake is 14 mm, and the thickness h of the protrusion is This is a result when the test is performed while changing in the range of 0 to 50 mm. Δ is the result when the test was performed with the thickness h of the protrusions being constant (30 mm) and changing the total void amount w in the width direction (between the side panels). □: When the thickness h of the protrusion is constant (30 mm), the initial value of the gap between the side wall and the coke mass is 0 mm (total on both sides), and the amount of void at the center of the coke cake is changed. Is the result of ● shows the result when the thickness h of the protrusion is constant (30 mm), the initial value of the gap amount at the center of the coke cake is 14 mm, and the gap between the side wall and the coke mass is changed. .

Further, the above coke extrusion load measurement test is systematically performed by changing the reaction force by the reaction force addition (receiving side) cylinder 3 and the load amount of the weight 19 loaded on the upper portion of the coke cake. For example, it is possible to obtain the relationship between the index Qn corresponding to the protrusions existing under various conditions, the extrusion force, the terrace surface pressing, and the lateral pressure conversion rate. In addition, although the above-mentioned extrusion load measurement test showed the result at the time of performing cold, the same result is obtained even if it is a case where it is performed warm.

As described above, in the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the index Qn, the pushing force (force necessary for getting over the protrusion), the terrace surface pressing, Each relationship with the lateral pressure conversion rate is obtained in advance.
Next, for example, Patent Document 4 describes the position of the protrusion on the wall surface of the coking chamber of the actual coke oven, the thickness h ₁ thereof, and the distance L ₁ between the furnace walls where the protrusion is located. Find it by such means. Furthermore, the total void amount w ₁ in the coking chamber furnace width direction at the place where the protrusion is present is estimated by a method as described in Patent Document 3, for example.

Then, from the thickness h ₁ of the protrusion of the actual coke oven obtained as described above, the distance L ₁ between the furnace walls, and the total void amount w _{1 in the} furnace width direction, for each protrusion existing on the wall of the coking chamber furnace Then, an index Qn ₁ is calculated. Then, previously obtained indices Qn and extrusion force, based on the relationship between the terrace surface pressing, and lateral pressure conversion, pushing force from the calculated Qn ₁ for every projection existing on the carbonization chamber furnace wall, terrace surfaces pressing And the lateral pressure conversion rate. In the present invention, since the void volume of the coke cake furnace widthwise center is also calculated indices Qn in consideration, the Qn _1, can be estimated accurately extrusion force than conventional, terrace surfaces pressing, and the lateral pressure conversion .

Based on the extrusion force thus obtained, the force required to extrude the coke cake from the carbonization chamber of the actual coke oven is estimated. Specifically, for example, when the coke cake passes through the narrow furnace width formed by the protrusions, the extrusion force at the time when the furnace wall had no protrusions and the furnace wall was in a healthy state. It can obtain | require by calculating | requiring required extrusion force as mentioned above, and adding.
Furthermore, when there are a plurality of protrusions on the furnace wall, the total extrusion force required for the coke cake to pass through by appropriately summing the extrusion force required to get over these protrusions. Can be estimated with high accuracy. When there are multiple protrusions, the number of protrusions affecting the extrusion of the coke cake varies depending on the progress of the coke cake extrusion. In this invention, since the force required for extrusion of a coke cake can be estimated about each protrusion part, even in such a case, the extrusion force of a coke cake required can be estimated accurately.
Conventionally, when there are a plurality of protrusions on the furnace wall as described above, there has been no means for evaluating the extrusion load relating to these individual protrusions. On the other hand, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately estimate and evaluate the extrusion load relating to each protrusion as described above, and therefore, it is possible to calculate the extrusion force required to get over each protrusion. It has become possible. Thereby, the various effects mentioned later are acquired.

In the present invention, the index Qn is calculated in consideration of the total void amount in the furnace width direction of the coke cake and the thickness of the protrusion. Therefore, the gas supply port and air supply port of the combustion chamber are blocked due to aging deterioration of the combustion chamber, damage to the furnace wall, etc., the supply amount of these gases and air changes, and the temperature distribution in the column changes. Therefore, even in a coke oven in which variation in the carbonization of coal occurs, the required coke cake extrusion force can be accurately estimated.

When it is judged that the extrusion force required to extrude the coke cake from the coke oven of the coke oven estimated by the above methods exceeds the capacity of the extruder (or operational control value) When it is judged that the estimated value of the pressure acting on the terrace surface of the projection part existing on the wall surface exceeds the pressure-resistant rigidity limit of the furnace wall with this projection part, for example, the shrinkage of the coke cake in the furnace width direction In order to increase the gap between the furnace wall and the coke lump, the total gap amount is estimated again under the condition that the carbonization time is extended. Next, based on this gap amount, the value of extrusion force and terrace surface pressure is estimated, and the estimated value of extrusion force required to extrude the coke cake is less than the capacity of the extruder (or operational control value). And the operating condition of a coke oven is managed so that the estimated value of a terrace surface pressing may be less than the pressure | voltage limit of a furnace wall. Thereby, it is suppressed that an excessive pushing force is applied to the furnace wall, and damage to the furnace wall or the like hardly occurs.

Even if the estimated value of coke extrusion force does not exceed the capacity of the extruder (or operation control value), if that value is close to the control value, a large force is acting on the furnace wall, which is not preferable. . Even in such a case, according to the present invention, the blending condition of the charging coal is quickly changed in advance, and the amount of void between the furnace wall and the coke lump and the coke cake in the center in the furnace width direction are changed. It is possible to adjust and manage so as to increase the amount of voids.
In addition, according to the present invention, in order to prevent troubles such as broken holes in the furnace wall bricks in places where the estimated value of the pressure on the terrace surface of the protrusion is high, the order of priority for carrying out repair work Therefore, it is possible to promptly make a decision such as accurately determining the repair efficiency and improve the repair efficiency.
Moreover, since the force required for coke extrusion can be estimated as described above, whether or not coke extrusion is possible can be determined in advance. Thus, troubles such as coke stuffing are reduced.

As described above, in the present invention, when there is a protrusion on the wall surface of the carbonization chamber furnace, the coke extrusion force, the terrace surface pressure, and the lateral pressure conversion rate can be estimated with high accuracy, and the operation is performed based on the knowledge. By implementing the above measures and repair work, it is possible to reduce the coke extrusion force and furnace wall pressing. As a result, operational troubles such as coke clogging, furnace wall brick breakage, and furnace wall damage can be prevented. Therefore, in addition to extending the life of the furnace body, the production of coke is increased by reducing the occurrence of operational troubles. Furthermore, it is not necessary to manually scrape the coke in the carbonization chamber as a coke compaction treatment, reducing the work load. A synergistic effect can also be obtained.

The method for estimating the coke extrusion load in the coke oven of the present invention can prevent operational troubles such as coke clogging, furnace wall brick breakage, and furnace wall damage. In addition to extending the life of the furnace body, there are also effects such as an increase in coke production and a reduction in work load due to a reduction in the occurrence of operational troubles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic cylinder for extrusion 2 Coke cake for test 3 Hydraulic cylinder for reaction force addition 4 Hydraulic cylinder for side panel support 5 Side panel 6 Intermediate movable wall 7 Side support 8 Position detector (for side)
9 Protrusion 10 Cylinder head 11 Front panel 12 Rear panel 13 Position detector (for extrusion)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Base 15 Extrusion hydraulic cylinder support 16 Reaction force addition hydraulic cylinder support 17, 18 Load cell 19 Weight 20 Roller 21 Projection slope 22 Terrace surface 23 Space between furnace wall and coke mass 24 Coke cake center clearance 25 Coke Lump 26 Furnace wall h Thickness of protrusion L Distance between furnace walls w Total void volume in the furnace width direction

Claims (5)

A method for estimating the load generated during coke extrusion in a coke oven, comprising:
The extrusion load when the coke cake passes through the narrow part of the furnace width in which the distance between the furnace walls is narrowed by the protrusions present in the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, the distance L between the furnace walls, the thickness h of the protrusions And using the index Qn defined by the following formula (1) using the total void amount w in the furnace width direction as a parameter;
The total void amount w is a void amount obtained by combining the void amount between the furnace wall on the left and right of the coke cake extrusion direction and the coke cake and the void amount at the center of the coke cake;
A method for estimating a load generated during coke extrusion in a coke oven.
Qn = (hw) / L (1) Using an extrusion load measurement test apparatus capable of mounting a plurality of protrusions having different protrusion thicknesses h on the side wall, under the conditions of the distance L between the side walls, the thickness h of the protrusions, and the total void amount w in the width direction. The extruding load is measured a plurality of times while exchanging the protrusions, and a correlation X between the Qn calculated using the equation (1) according to claim 1 and the actually measured extruding load is obtained in advance. Every
The thickness h ₁ of the protrusion part of the furnace wall of a coke oven carbonization chamber, the total void amount w ₁ in the furnace width direction obtained from the type of charging coal and dry distillation conditions, and the distance L ₁ between furnace walls are described in claim 1. An index Qn ₁ relating to the coke oven carbonization chamber is calculated using the following equation (1):
2. The method for estimating a load generated during coke extrusion according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion load of the coke oven carbonization chamber is obtained based on the correlation X and the Qn ₁ . Method of estimating load generated during coke extrusion according to claim 2, the thickness h ₁ of the protrusions, and calculates by integrating the profile information of the furnace wall. When extruding the coke cake arranged in the extrusion load measurement test device,
The coke extrusion according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a predetermined force is applied from a direction opposite to the direction of extrusion of the coke cake to obtain a correlation X between the Qn and the measured extrusion load. Of estimating the load that occurs during the event. When extruding the coke cake arranged in the extrusion load measurement test device,
The load generated at the time of coke extrusion according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a predetermined force is applied from an upper part of the coke cake to obtain a correlation X between the Qn and the measured extrusion load. Estimation method.

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