WO2009139037A1 - 荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 - Google Patents
荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009139037A1 WO2009139037A1 PCT/JP2008/058725 JP2008058725W WO2009139037A1 WO 2009139037 A1 WO2009139037 A1 WO 2009139037A1 JP 2008058725 W JP2008058725 W JP 2008058725W WO 2009139037 A1 WO2009139037 A1 WO 2009139037A1
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- particle beam
- ridge
- ridge filter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
- A61N2005/1087—Ions; Protons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1092—Details
- A61N2005/1095—Elements inserted into the radiation path within the system, e.g. filters or wedges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charged particle beam irradiation apparatus in a particle beam cancer treatment apparatus using a ridge filter.
- the conventional charged particle beam irradiation apparatus described in Patent Document 1 uses a ridge filter having a peak portion and a valley portion to form a desired distribution in the particle beam energy and reach the depth of the particle beam in the irradiated object.
- a dose distribution in the depth direction is formed so as to have a desired width.
- the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus in the above particle beam cancer treatment apparatus or the like includes a beam irradiation field expanding apparatus for forming a desired irradiation field in the direction orthogonal to the beam axis of the particle beam, and a desired energy distribution on the particle beam.
- a ridge filter having a periodic thickness distribution is provided. Depending on the position of the particle beam passing through the ridge filter, the kinetic energy of the particle beam that has passed through varies. Therefore, if the thickness distribution of the ridge filter and the size of the region having the thickness distribution are set as desired, the energy of the particle beam after passing through the ridge filter has a desired distribution as a whole. .
- the traveling direction of the particle beam is changed by the beam irradiation field expanding device, and most of the particles pass in an oblique direction with respect to the beam axis. A difference from the design value occurs in the average thickness passing through. Then, the energy loss of the particle beam in the ridge filter is different, and the obtained energy distribution is different from the distribution assumed in design.
- An object of the present invention is to accurately form a desired deep dose distribution in a charged particle beam irradiation apparatus used for a particle beam cancer treatment apparatus or the like.
- the present invention expands the irradiation field of the particle beam from the particle beam generator and applies the above-mentioned to the irradiated object via a ridge filter having a periodic thickness distribution for giving the particle beam a desired energy distribution.
- the ridge filter has a plurality of ridges arranged so that an irradiation field of the particle beam is perpendicular to an expanded particle beam entering direction.
- the ridge filter has a plurality of ridges arranged so that the irradiation field is perpendicular to the particle beam entering direction, the particle beam after passing through the ridge filter is arranged.
- the accuracy of energy distribution can be improved, and a desired depth dose distribution can be formed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram (XZ cross section) of a charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram (XZ cross section) of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment by this invention. It is a schematic block diagram (YZ cross section) of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment by this invention. It is a schematic block diagram (YZ cross section) of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment by this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows the ridge filter replacement
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram (XZ cross section) of a charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a particle beam 1 obtained from a particle beam generator (not shown) is irradiated from an X-direction transmission source point 2 to an irradiated object (not shown).
- the particle beam 1 is enlarged by the first enlargement means 4 and further enlarged by the second enlargement means 3.
- the expanded particle beam 1 is composed of a plurality of ridges 5 a such as a bar ridge, and passes through the ridge filter 5 mounted on the ridge filter mounting base 6.
- the particle beam 1 that has passed through the ridge filter 5 is shaped into a desired shape by a collimator (not shown), and then irradiated to an irradiated object (not shown).
- FIG. 1 shows that the ridge filter 5 is inclined in the particle beam entry direction at a concentric installation position centered on the X-direction transmission source point 2 as will be described later.
- the X direction is a direction perpendicular to the long side direction of the ridge 5 a in the ridge filter 5.
- a particle beam for example, a proton beam
- a particle beam generator for example, an ion source that generates hydrogen ions
- a beam optical system including an electromagnet after a proton beam is accelerated to a kinetic energy corresponding to an underwater range of about 20 to 30 cm by a particle beam acceleration means (not shown) including a charged particle accelerator or the like.
- a particle beam transport means for example, a particle beam transport means (not shown).
- the particle beam 1 incident on the particle beam irradiation means is, for example, a proton beam having a kinetic energy of about several hundred MeV.
- the particle beam 1 incident on the particle beam irradiation means usually has a cross-sectional size of less than 1 cm. In order to irradiate a tumor or the like with such a particle beam, it is necessary to scan by moving the position of the particle beam or to enlarge the beam size.
- the particle beam 1 is incident on the first expansion means 4 composed of a scatterer such as lead or tungsten, and is scattered by electrons and atoms in the scatterer. After passing through the first enlargement means 4, the traveling direction, which is almost concentrated in the forward direction of the particle beam 1, is dispersed, and the particle beam 1 has a predetermined angular distribution. Therefore, when viewed from the position of the irradiated object (not shown), the cross-sectional size of the particle beam 1 is enlarged to several centimeters or more.
- a scatterer such as lead or tungsten
- the second expanding means 3 may be composed of two deflection electromagnets whose magnetic field directions are orthogonal to each other.
- the two deflecting electromagnets are excited from sin ⁇ t and cos ⁇ t AC power sources whose excitation current patterns are synchronized, and the particle beam 1 that has passed through the second expansion means 3 is deflected to draw a circle.
- Such an enlarging means is an existing prior art and is called a wobbling electromagnet, and the radius in the circle is called a wobbling radius.
- the object to be irradiated is substantially flat in the lateral direction near the center of the irradiation area.
- Particle beam distribution can be formed.
- the nonuniform region of the particle beam distribution that is separated from the center of the irradiation region by a predetermined distance is removed by a collimator (not shown).
- the collimator is composed of a plurality of leaf-like plates formed of iron or the like having a thickness that does not allow the particle beam 1 to pass through. The arrangement of the leaf-like plates is controlled so that the opening of the collimator has an arbitrary two-dimensional shape. If this two-dimensional shape is matched with the shape of the tumor, an irradiation field is formed in accordance with the existing range of the tumor.
- the depth (range) of the particle beam entering the human body is determined by the energy, and suddenly releases energy and stops near the end of the range.
- This phenomenon is called Bragg Peak.
- This phenomenon is used to kill tumor cells at a suitable depth from the body surface.
- the tumor has a thickness in the depth direction. Accordingly, in order to uniformly irradiate the tumor (lesion) with the particle beam, an operation is required in which the Bragg peak is uniformly expanded in the thickness direction of the tumor. This uniformly expanded dose is called SOBP (Spread-Out Bragg Peak).
- the method conventionally used and also used in the present invention is to pass the particle beam 1 through a ridge filter 5 having a predetermined thickness distribution.
- the ridge filter 5 can broaden the energy distribution of the particle beam within a predetermined range according to a predetermined thickness distribution.
- the energy of the particle beam after passing differs depending on the incident position of the particle beam 1 on the ridge filter 5.
- the first passing particle beam is a particle beam that has passed through the thickest part of one of the ridges (mountains) provided in the ridge filter 5.
- the second passing particle beam and the third passing particle beam are particle beams that have passed through a portion corresponding to a valley between two bar ridges out of a plurality of bar ridges provided in the ridge filter 5.
- the particle beam energy of the first passing particle beam 1 is lower than that of the second and third passing particle beams, and the reaching depth in the irradiated object is also shallow.
- the second and third passing particle beams can reach the deepest position in the irradiated body.
- each ridge filter 5 generally forms a unique SOBP. Note that the width by which the Bragg peak is expanded in the thickness direction of the tumor by the ridge filter (that is, the width of SOBP) is usually 1 to 20 cm.
- the particle beam passing through the ridge filter 5 enters in parallel to the ridge filter, and the proportion of the particle beam defined in the design is It is preferable to pass through the ridge filter material of the thickness defined in the design and lose energy.
- the direction of the particle beam entering the ridge filter is deflected when the beam irradiating field is expanded by the first magnifying means 4 and the second magnifying means 3, and is irradiated when passing through the ridge filter 5.
- the most various directions are directed, and in the irradiation field edge, the traveling direction of the particle beam is the most outward component. Accordingly, the influence of particles entering in an oblique direction with respect to the ridge filter becomes stronger at the irradiation field end.
- the particles do not travel in the ridge filter as designed, and the energy loss distribution differs from the design. Therefore, in order to eliminate the influence of the oblique approach at the irradiation field end portion of the particle beam, in the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. It is inclined at the installation position on a concentric circle with the X-direction transmission source point 2 as the center so as to be perpendicular to the approach direction.
- the accuracy of the energy distribution of the charged particles lost in the ridge filter 5 can be improved, and the accuracy of the energy distribution of the particles after passing through the ridge filter can be improved, so that a desired depth dose distribution can be formed with high accuracy. , Treatment accuracy can be improved.
- the irradiation field of the particle beam 1 from the particle beam generator is expanded, and the particle beam has a periodic thickness distribution for giving a desired energy distribution.
- the plurality of ridges 5 a constituting the ridge filter 5 are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the particle beam entering direction. Therefore, the accuracy of the energy distribution of the particles after passing through the ridge filter can also be improved, and a desired depth dose distribution can be formed to improve the accuracy of treatment.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram (XZ section) of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of ridges 5a constituting the ridge filter 5 are arranged so as to be most perpendicular to the average incident particle beam direction on the installation plane (XY plane in FIG. 2).
- the ridge installation interval is modulated in the direction having the periodic thickness distribution of the ridge filter 5. May be.
- the formation accuracy of the deep dose distribution that is, the accuracy of the treatment is improved, and the width (Z direction) required for installing the ridge filter 5 can be shortened as compared with the first embodiment.
- a ridge filter having a bar ridge is taken up as the ridge filter 5.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the periodic thickness at which SOBP can be formed.
- a known cone ridge filter may be used as long as the ridge filter has a distribution.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram (YZ cross section) of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows that the ridge filter 5 is deformed so that a plurality of ridges 5a (bar ridges) constituting the ridge filter 5 are perpendicular to the particle beam entering direction, as will be described later.
- the third embodiment of the present invention usually has a linear shape parallel to the Y axis in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG.
- the ridge shape (Y-axis direction in FIG. 3) of a certain ridge filter 5 is changed according to the distance from the irradiation field center in the long side direction of the ridge filter.
- FIG. 4 is a tile shape, it may be a bowl shape as shown in FIG.
- the third embodiment it is possible to improve the formation accuracy of the deep dose distribution, that is, the accuracy of the treatment, in the 90-degree rotation direction (Y-axis direction in FIG. 3) with respect to the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- a desired depth-expanded irradiation range SOBP
- ridge filters are used for different SOBPs, but the same ridge filter was used even under different irradiation field formation conditions.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing the ridge filter replacement device of the charged particle beam irradiation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- a plurality of ridge filters 5 corresponding to different irradiation field forming conditions are A plurality of ridge filter mounting bases 6 are mounted on the wheel 8.
- An arbitrary ridge filter mounting base 6 can be selectively installed in the beam path 10 by rotating the wheel 8. Further, this wheel is provided with a through-hole 9 so as not to interfere with confirmation such as beam axis calibration.
- an optimum ridge filter can be selected according to the conditions, so that it is possible to perform irradiation with a highly accurate irradiation field and SOBP.
- more types of ridge filters are generated. By applying this embodiment, management and selection of these ridge filters can be easily performed.
- the wobbler method including the first expansion means and the second expansion means is adopted as the expansion irradiation field forming apparatus.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a double scatterer method or a two-dimensional scanning method that can form an enlarged irradiation field may be used.
- the arrangement positions of the first enlargement unit 4 and the second enlargement unit 3 may be switched.
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Abstract
Description
粒子線がリッジフィルタを通過するとき、粒子線はビーム照射野拡大装置によって進行方向が変わり、ビーム軸と斜め方向に大部分の粒子が通過し、リッジフィルタを通過する際には、粒子線の通過する厚さの平均に設計値からの差異が生じる。すると、粒子線のリッジフィルタ内でのエネルギーロスが異なり、得られるエネルギー分布は設計上想定される分布と差異が生じるようになる。
、5:リッジフィルタ、6:リッジフィルタ取付けベース、7:Y方向透過ソースポイント、8:ホイール、9:貫通坑、10:ビーム径路
図1は本発明の実施の形態1に係る荷電粒子ビーム照射装置の概略構成図(X-Z断面)である。
図1において、粒子線発生装置(図示せず)より得られる粒子線1は、X方向透過ソースポイント2から被照射体(図示せず)へ照射される。粒子線1は、第1の拡大手段4により拡大され、更に第2の拡大手段3により拡大される。
拡大された粒子線1は、バーリッジ等の複数のリッジ5aで構成され、リッジフィルタ取付けベース6に搭載されたリッジフィルタ5を通過する。
リッジフィルタ5を通過した粒子線1は、コリメータ(図示せず)により所望の形に整形された上で、被照射体(図示せず)に照射される。
図1では後で説明するように、リッジフィルタ5がX方向透過ソースポイント2を中心とした同心円上の設置位置において粒子線進入方向へ傾斜することを示している。
なお、ここで、上記のX方向とは、リッジフィルタ5におけるリッジ5aの長辺方向に垂直な方向である。
リッジフィルタ5は、粒子線のエネルギー分布を所定範囲において所定の厚さ分布に従って広げることができる。
ここで、第1の通過粒子線1の粒子線エネルギーは、第2及び第3の通過粒子線よりも低くなり、被照射体における到達深さも浅くなる。一方、第2及び第3の通過粒子線は、被照射体において最も深い位置に到達し得る。
このように、被照射体の深さ方向において所定幅を有する照射野が形成される。この所定幅は、一般的にはリッジフィルタ5の一番厚い部分と一番薄い部分の厚さの差によって決められることになる。つまり、夫々のリッジフィルタ5は一般的に、固有のSOBPを形成することになる。なお、リッジフィルタによりブラッグピークが腫瘍の厚み方向に拡げられる幅(即ち、SOBPの幅)は、通常1~20cmである。
これにより、リッジフィルタ5において荷電粒子の失うエネルギーの分布の精度を向上させることができ、リッジフィルタ通過後の粒子のエネルギー分布の精度も向上されるので、所望の深部線量分布を精度良く形成でき、治療の精度を向上させることができる。
更に、広い照射野で平坦度領域の大きな拡大ブラッグピークを形成できると共に、照射野拡大手段から被照射体までの距離を短縮することができるため小型の装置でも大きな照射野を形成することが可能となる。
図2は本発明の実施の形態2に係る荷電粒子ビーム照射装置の概略構成図(X-Z断面)である。
図2では、リッジフィルタ5を構成する複数のリッジ5aが設置平面(図2中X-Y平面)において、平均入射粒子ビーム方向に対して最も垂直になるように配置されている。
また、これに伴う粒子線の通過するリッジフィルタ材料の周期的な厚さ分布に与える影響を補正する為に、リッジフィルタ5の周期的な厚さ分布を有する方向へリッジの設置間隔を変調させてもよい。
この実施の形態2によれば、深部線量分布の形成精度つまり治療の精度を向上させるとともに、実施の形態1と比べると、リッジフィルタ5を設置するのに要する幅(Z方向)を短くできる。
図3は本発明の実施の形態3に係る荷電粒子ビーム照射装置の概略構成図(Y-Z断面)である。
図3では後で説明するように、リッジフィルタ5を、これを構成する複数のリッジ5a(バーリッジ)が粒子線進入方向と垂直となるように変形させることを示している。
上記実施の形態1~3では、所定の照射野条件で所望の深さ拡大照射範囲(SOBP)を形成するものであるとしているが、がん治療では、腫瘍の大きさに応じて照射野の大きさとSOBPを変更する必要がある。従来の粒子線治療装置では異なるSOBPに対し、異なるリッジフィルタを使用するが、異なる照射野形成の条件の場合でも同じリッジフィルタを使用していた。
すなわち、図5は実施の形態4に係る荷電粒子ビーム照射装置のリッジフィルタ交換装置を示す概略平面図で、図5に示すように、異なる照射野形成条件に対応した複数のリッジフィルタ5を、リッジフィルタ取付けベース6に取付け、さらに複数のリッジフィルタ取付けベース6をホイール8に取付けている。ホイール8は回転することで任意のリッジフィルタ取付けベース6をビーム径路10に選択的に設置することができるようになっている。
また、このホイールには貫通坑9を設け、ビーム軸校正等の確認の妨げにならないようにしている。
Claims (6)
- 粒子線発生装置からの粒子線に所望のエネルギー分布を持たせるための周期的な厚さ分布を有するリッジフィルタを介して被照射体に上記粒子線を照射する荷電粒子ビーム照射装置において、
前記リッジフィルタは、リッジの夫々の底面をリッジ毎に異なる角度で配置されていることを特徴とする荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。 - 前記リッジフィルタは、各リッジの底面を、平均入射粒子ビーム方向に対して最も垂直になるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。
- 前記リッジフィルタは、各リッジを、異なる角度及び位置に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。
- 前記リッジフィルタは、各リッジの角度変化に応じて、周期的な厚さ分布を有する方向へ各リッジの設置間隔を変調させていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一つに記載の荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。
- 前記リッジフィルタは、複数のバーリッジを有し、前記各バーリッジの形状を前記リッジフィルタ長辺方向の照射野中心からの距離に応じて変化させることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一つに記載の荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。
- 前記リッジフィルタは、異なる照射野形成条件に対応して複数用意され、所望の照射野形成条件に応じて前記粒子線が通過するビーム経路に選択的に配置されるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一つに記載の荷電粒子ビーム照射装置。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200880128977.4A CN102015022B (zh) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | 带电粒子束照射装置 |
| PCT/JP2008/058725 WO2009139037A1 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | 荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 |
| EP08752605.9A EP2277590B1 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | Charged particle beam irradiation device |
| JP2010511802A JP4547043B2 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | 荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 |
| US12/812,486 US8304751B2 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | Charged particle beam irradiation apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2008/058725 WO2009139037A1 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | 荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 |
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| PCT/JP2008/058725 Ceased WO2009139037A1 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | 荷電粒子ビーム照射装置 |
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| US (1) | US8304751B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2277590B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4547043B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102015022B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2009139037A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013011583A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 粒子線治療装置 |
| WO2013157116A1 (ja) | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ガントリー型粒子線照射装置、およびこれを備えた粒子線治療装置 |
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| WO2012117538A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 粒子線照射システムおよび粒子線照射システムの制御方法 |
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| US11213699B2 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2022-01-04 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Methods and systems for particle based treatment using microdosimetry techniques |
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| WO2008106483A1 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-04 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Ion radiation therapy system with distal gradient tracking |
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- 2008-05-12 JP JP2010511802A patent/JP4547043B2/ja active Active
- 2008-05-12 CN CN200880128977.4A patent/CN102015022B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-12 WO PCT/JP2008/058725 patent/WO2009139037A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2008-05-12 US US12/812,486 patent/US8304751B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPH10314324A (ja) | 1997-05-22 | 1998-12-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 荷電粒子線照射野形成装置およびそのリッジフィルタ |
| JP2000084097A (ja) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 粒子線エネルギー変更装置及び粒子線照射装置 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013011583A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 粒子線治療装置 |
| US8841638B2 (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-09-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Particle beam therapy system |
| WO2013157116A1 (ja) | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ガントリー型粒子線照射装置、およびこれを備えた粒子線治療装置 |
| US9079025B2 (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2015-07-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Gantry-type particle beam irradiation system and particle beam therapy system comprising same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2009139037A1 (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
| EP2277590A4 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN102015022A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
| EP2277590B1 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| US8304751B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 |
| CN102015022B (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
| JP4547043B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
| US20100288946A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
| EP2277590A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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