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WO2009135990A1 - Boîte pour bourdons utilisés comme insectes de pollinisation et procédé pour utiliser des bourdons comme insectes de pollinisation dans une plantation de fruits ou de baies - Google Patents

Boîte pour bourdons utilisés comme insectes de pollinisation et procédé pour utiliser des bourdons comme insectes de pollinisation dans une plantation de fruits ou de baies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135990A1
WO2009135990A1 PCT/FI2009/050317 FI2009050317W WO2009135990A1 WO 2009135990 A1 WO2009135990 A1 WO 2009135990A1 FI 2009050317 W FI2009050317 W FI 2009050317W WO 2009135990 A1 WO2009135990 A1 WO 2009135990A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nest
box
bumble
bumble bees
bees
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2009/050317
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erkki Kaarnama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FORESTUM Oy
Original Assignee
FORESTUM Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FORESTUM Oy filed Critical FORESTUM Oy
Publication of WO2009135990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135990A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K49/00—Rearing-boxes; Queen transporting or introducing cages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K47/00—Beehives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K53/00—Feeding or drinking appliances for bees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates

Definitions

  • Box for bumble bees used as pollinating insects and method for using bumble bees as pollinating insects in fruit or berry plantation
  • This invention relates to a nest for bumble bees used as pollinating insects, the nest comprising a rectangular nest box and an openable roof, said nest box being provided at its one side wall with two adjacent flight openings for bumble bees, and vents arranged at upper and lower end, respectively, of the side walls of the nest box.
  • the invention relates also to a method for using bumble bees as pollinating insects in fruit or berry plantation.
  • Bumble bees (Bombus sp) have a great importance as pollinating insects in the horticulture.
  • the pollinating properties of bumble bees have been utilized especially in greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes and strawberries, but pollinators are needed also in outdoor plantation of berries and fruits.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide such a bumble bee nest box which can be used for several times thus enabling repeatedly colonization (introduction) of a new bumble bee colony into a box already used, after said box has been carefully cleaned.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a method enabling optimal utilization of said bumble bee boxes in connection with green house or outdoor plantation.
  • a nest box characterized in that the nest box and its roof are made of wood, preferably of water veneer, whereby the roof is dimensioned to extend over the side walls thus forming a protecting overhang above the flight openings, that inside the nest box a feeding vessel covering nearly the whole basal area and covered with an intermediate floor, preferably made of paperboard, is placed on the bottom of the nest box, whereby a plastic tube filled with a bulking fibre material is led though said intermediate floor to extend down to the bottom of the feeding vessel, into which fibre material a sugar solution fed into the feeding vessel is absorbed in order to be reachable to the bumble bees housing in the nest box, and on the intermediate floor, a flat edged board base has been installed, on which a pollen ball and cocoons, other embryonic cocoons or an artificial comb have been placed.
  • Water veneer is preferred, because it is easily cleanable and withstands well both rain water and the moist air of green houses, as well as irrigation water, thus enabling to keep the nest box in good condition for many years to receive a new colony of bumble bees for repeatedly breeding.
  • the protecting overhang (canopy) formed by the roof prevents rain water or irrigation water from entering the nest box via the flight openings.
  • paper board As a material for the intermediate floor and the edged base, paper board has been selected which have in practical tests proved suitable for this purpose because of the acceptance of paper board by the queen bumble bee due to the capability of this material to absorb, for instance, bumble bees' excrements keeping thus the surfaces of the nest dry.
  • the pollen ball serves as a food source for bumble bees and their larvae as well as as a building material for new combs.
  • the flight openigs have a diameter of 15 mm to allow bumble bees to pass through.
  • One of the flight openings serves as an entry opening for bumble bees, the other one serving both as an exit and entry opening.
  • a flight plate has been arranged below the flight openings to enable bumble bees to settle on and take wing.
  • a tube in the opening serving as the entry opening, a tube has been arranged as a prolongation of said opening to end in the centre of the interior of the nest box, the tube forming thus a long entry canal.
  • a movable shield of plastics or a metal net has been arranged against bee moths, the shield having a weight allowing bumble bees to push the shield away when passing through the flight opening, but being too heavy to be moved away by bee moths thus preventing bee moths from entering the bumble bee nest box and laying eggs therein.
  • the flight openings are arranged in the upper part of the front wall of the box leaving so sufficiently place for new combs in the lower part of the box.
  • vents arranged in the nest box have a diameter of approximately 10 mm and are cov- ered by a sieve net. According to an embodiment, three adjacent vents are arranged in the upper edge of the front wall of the nest box, one vent being arranged in the lower edge of two opposite side walls, respectively.
  • An intermediate cover made of transparent plexiglass has been detachably mounted in the upper end of the box to allow monitoring the condition and the health of the bumble bee colony housing in the box without disturbing the bumble bees further.
  • a feeding pipe has been led to the feeding vessel from outside of the nest box, for instance, via an opening arranged in the back wall of the box, by means of which feeding pipe further sugar solution is feedable to the feeding vessel, if needed.
  • a measuring glass may be installed at the outer wall of the box to detect the level of the sugar solution.
  • the vertical tube extending through the intermediate floor to the feeding vessel is preferably filled with cotton wool, through which the sugar solution is absorbed as capillary suction in order to be reachable to the bumble bees at the top of the plastic tube.
  • cotton wool any other absorbent material may be used.
  • the durable nest box When delivering the durable nest box to a client, i.e. to a gardener or a green house cultivator, there are generally one or more queen bumble bees and in addition to the queens about 4 freshly hatched worker bumble bees in the box. Alternatively there may be about 4 freshly hatched young worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) or several male bumble bees.
  • a pollen ball On the edged base made of paper board, a pollen ball has been provided as food for the bumble bees and their larvae. Also cocoons frozen unhatched, living embryonic cocoons or an artificial comb may be put on the base. Bumble bees use pollen also as a building material for new combs.
  • the feeding vessel of the box contains a sugar solution having a sugar content of 7/10, preferably containing an antizymotic agent, e.g. sodium benzoate.
  • an antizymotic agent e.g. sodium benzoate.
  • the starting phase of a new colony may also comprise male bumble bees which are generally removed from the box similarly as the initially introduced worker bumble bees and honey bees, after new cocoons have developed in the box.
  • bumble bee species collected from the nature of Finland may be used. At least buff tailed bumble bee (Bombus terrestris), garden bumble bee ⁇ Bombus hyprorum) and stone bumble bee (Bombus lapidarius) are suitable for breeding.
  • Characteristic to a method for continuous breeding of pollinating bumble bees in connection with indoor cultivation, i.e. green house cultivation is that three nest boxes intended for durable use are employed simultaneously, whereby the first nest box is a starting nest comprising a queen/queens, a few freshly hatched worker bumblebees or freshly hatched young worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) and optionally a few male bumblebees, which initially introduced worker bumblebees and worker honey bees as well as male bumble bees are generally removed from the nest box, after new cocoons have been developed in the box, this nest growing within four weeks to a production nest; the second nest box houses a nest being in the production phase and comprising a queen and 60 to 200 worker bumblebees; and the third nest box is a regressive nest with a declining production and comprising a few males and queens.
  • the first nest box is a starting nest comprising a queen/queens
  • the queen is dazed with carbon dioxide about 24 hours after mating, whereby the treatment with carbon dioxide lasts for about 30 minutes and is repeated after two and half an hour.
  • a method according to the invention for using bumble bees as pollinating insects in outdoor fruit or berry plantation is characterized in that a single nest colony housing in a nest box intended for durable use is employed, into which nest box in the spring "a nest root", i.e. a queen/queens, a few workers or a few males are colonized.
  • the nest root may be delivered in a small-dimensioned separate starting nest box, provided also with food for the nest root until it is introduced into the actual durable nest box.
  • fig. 1 shows a side view of an example of a bumble bee nest box according to the invention in a longitudinal section
  • fig. 2 shows a front view of the bumble bee nest box of figure 1 in partial section
  • fig. 3 shows a plan view of the bumble bee nest box after its roof has been removed
  • fig. 4 shows a side view of an example of an shield against bee moths installed in the front of a flight opening of the bumble bee nest box
  • fig. 5 shows a front view of shields against bee moths installed in the front of both flight openings.
  • a durable nest box for bumble bees comprises a rectangular bottom 1 , a rectangular front wall 2 and back wall 4 and two side walls 3, 5 as well as a rectangular, openable roof 6, which is dimensioned to extend over the walls of the box forming a protecting overhang 6a at least above the front wall 2 of the box, said front wall being provided with two adjacent circular flight openings 7a and 7b for bumble bees.
  • One flight opening 7a serves as an entry opening, the other flight opening 7a serving both as an exit and entry opening.
  • the flight openings 7a, 7b have a diameter of about 15 mm to allow bumble bees pass through.
  • Below the flight openings 7a, 7b a flight plate 8 has been arranged on which bumble bees can settle on when coming to the bumble bee box and from where they can take wing when leaving the box.
  • the nest box comprises an intermediate cover 9 made of transparent plexiglass through which the condition of the bumble bee colony housing in the box can be monitored when the roof 6 has been opened.
  • a feeding vessel 10 for a sugar solution has been provided on the bottom 1 of the box.
  • said feeding vessel 10 is covered by an intermediate floor 11 made of paper board.
  • a feeding pipe 12 has been led to this feeding vessel 10 from the outside of the box, for instance via an opening 4 arranged in the back wall 4. Via this feeding pipe additional sugar solution is fed to the feeding vessel 10, if necessary.
  • a vertical plastic tube 13 extending down to the sugar solution in the feeding vessel 10 is installed in the hole made in the intermediate floor 11.
  • said tube 13 is made of plastics and filled with cotton wool, the function of which is to absorb sugar solution filled into the feeding vessel enabling the bumble bees, when coming to the top of the tube, to suck said sugar solution from the cotton wool.
  • a flat edged paper board base 14 has been installed, on which a pollen ball 15 serving as a food source for the bumble bees, as well as cocoons or other embryonic cocoons 16 or an artificial comb have been arranged, into which comb the queen can lay eggs.
  • vents 17 covered with a sieve net are provided, for instance, in the upper part of the front wall 2 and in the lower parts of the side walls 3, 5.
  • a tube 7 extending to the centre of the durable box and forming an entry canal has been arranged.
  • the other flight opening 7b serving both as an exit and entry opening is not provided with such a tube.
  • a shield 18 against bee moths 18 has optionally been installed in the front of both flight openings 7a, 7b, whereby the shield may consist of plastics or be a flap consisting of a metal net, which has been movably attached enabling the bumble bees to push the flap away when passing through the flight opening 7a, 7b, the flap being too heavy to be moved by bee moths.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show an example of the way of installing the bee moth shield 18.
  • the bee moth shield 18 is in the form of a plastic flap having a thick- ness of about 1 ,5 mm and being movably attached to the front of the flight opening 7a, 7b with two screws 19, each of which having been brought through a longitudinal slot 20 made in the plastic flap to extend in the vertical direction so that the plastic flap is movable vertically by the length of the slots 20 as well as somewhat in the horizontal direction depending on the distance of the head of the screw 19 from the front wall of the bumble bee box.
  • a vertical supporting wall 21 has been arranged at the front wall 2 to extend from the flight plate 8 on both sides of the plastic flap.
  • the width of the plastic flaps is preferably dimensioned so that only one common supporting wall is required between the flight openings 7a and 7b as shown in figure 5.
  • the upper ends of the supporting walls 21 may be connected by means of a horizontal protecting plate 23.
  • a slot 22 of about 2 mm may be made in its upper edge.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention porte sur une boîte de nidification pour bourdons utilisés comme insectes de pollinisation, comprenant une boîte de nidification rectangulaire et un toit ouvrant (6), la boîte de nidification comportant deux ouvertures de vol adjacentes (7a, 7b) pour des bourdons au niveau d'une paroi latérale (2) et des évents (17) dans les extrémités supérieure et inférieure, respectivement, des parois latérales (2 ; 3, 5). L'invention est caractérisée par le fait que la boîte de nidification et le toit (6) sont réalisés en bois, de préférence en bois de placage étanche à l'eau, le toit étant dimensionné de façon à s'étendre sur les parois latérales (2, 3, 4, 5), formant un surplomb de protection (6a) au-dessus des ouvertures de vol (7a, 7b), par le fait que, à l'intérieur de la boîte de nidification, un récipient d'alimentation (10) couvrant quasiment la totalité de la zone de base et recouvert d'un plancher intermédiaire (11), de préférence réalisé en carton, est disposé sur le fond (1) de la boîte de nidification, un tube en matière plastique vertical (13) rempli d'un matériau fibreux de remplissage étant amené à s'étendre vers le fond du récipient d'alimentation (10) à travers ledit plancher intermédiaire (11), dans lequel matériau fibreux est absorbée une solution de sucre délivrée dans le récipient d'alimentation (10), afin de pouvoir être atteinte par la colonie de bourdons habitant dans la boîte, et par le fait que, sur le plancher intermédiaire (11), une base en carton à bords plats (4) a été installée, sur laquelle une boule de pollen (15) et des cocons (16), d'autres cocons embryonnaires ou un gâteau de cire artificiel ont été disposés. L'invention porte également sur un procédé pour l'alimentation en continu de bourdons pollinisateurs en association avec une production de plante intérieure ou extérieure.
PCT/FI2009/050317 2008-05-06 2009-04-23 Boîte pour bourdons utilisés comme insectes de pollinisation et procédé pour utiliser des bourdons comme insectes de pollinisation dans une plantation de fruits ou de baies Ceased WO2009135990A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20085413 2008-05-06
FI20085413A FI120379B (fi) 2008-05-06 2008-05-06 Pesä pölyttäjähyönteisinä käytettäviä kimalaisia varten ja menetelmä kimalaisten käyttämiseksi pölyttäjähyönteisinä hedelmä- tai marjaviljelyksessä

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009135990A1 true WO2009135990A1 (fr) 2009-11-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/FI2009/050317 Ceased WO2009135990A1 (fr) 2008-05-06 2009-04-23 Boîte pour bourdons utilisés comme insectes de pollinisation et procédé pour utiliser des bourdons comme insectes de pollinisation dans une plantation de fruits ou de baies

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI120379B (fr)
WO (1) WO2009135990A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011089248A1 (fr) 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 Biobest Belgium Nv Pondoir pour bourdons
CN105971327A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-09-28 山西省农业科学院棉花研究所 应用于网室内棉花不育系授粉的熊蜂授粉遮风避光场所
JP2017012128A (ja) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-19 株式会社アグリセクト 送粉昆虫用の巣箱
CN106937613A (zh) * 2017-04-27 2017-07-11 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 一种设施作物蜜蜂授粉箱
CN108782473A (zh) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-13 赵文明 高质量成熟蜂蜜的生物酿造方法
CN110012848A (zh) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-16 昆明科晔生物技术有限公司 一种基于无人机和计算机控制的蜜蜂补给及蜂巢检测系统
CN117918309A (zh) * 2023-11-22 2024-04-26 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 一种苜蓿熊蜂授粉田间繁种方法及一种隔离网室装置
US11991991B2 (en) * 2021-03-26 2024-05-28 Riverview Ranch Ltd. Bee shelter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11103711A (ja) * 1997-08-07 1999-04-20 Cats:Kk マルハナバチ巣箱
US6364738B1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2002-04-02 The United States Of America As Respresented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Solitary bee nesting block
CN1416693A (zh) * 2002-12-02 2003-05-14 王凤鹤 便携方便式熊蜂授粉箱
US20070218804A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Allan Matthew J Portable on-site incubator for bees and bee nest

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11103711A (ja) * 1997-08-07 1999-04-20 Cats:Kk マルハナバチ巣箱
US6364738B1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2002-04-02 The United States Of America As Respresented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Solitary bee nesting block
CN1416693A (zh) * 2002-12-02 2003-05-14 王凤鹤 便携方便式熊蜂授粉箱
US20070218804A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Allan Matthew J Portable on-site incubator for bees and bee nest

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011089248A1 (fr) 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 Biobest Belgium Nv Pondoir pour bourdons
US9320264B2 (en) 2010-01-22 2016-04-26 Biobest Belgium Nv Bumblebee nest box
EA030711B1 (ru) * 2010-01-22 2018-09-28 Биобест Бельгия Нв Дуплянка для шмелей
JP2017012128A (ja) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-19 株式会社アグリセクト 送粉昆虫用の巣箱
CN105971327A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-09-28 山西省农业科学院棉花研究所 应用于网室内棉花不育系授粉的熊蜂授粉遮风避光场所
CN106937613A (zh) * 2017-04-27 2017-07-11 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 一种设施作物蜜蜂授粉箱
CN108782473A (zh) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-13 赵文明 高质量成熟蜂蜜的生物酿造方法
CN110012848A (zh) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-16 昆明科晔生物技术有限公司 一种基于无人机和计算机控制的蜜蜂补给及蜂巢检测系统
US11991991B2 (en) * 2021-03-26 2024-05-28 Riverview Ranch Ltd. Bee shelter
CN117918309A (zh) * 2023-11-22 2024-04-26 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 一种苜蓿熊蜂授粉田间繁种方法及一种隔离网室装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI120379B (fi) 2009-10-15
FI20085413A0 (fi) 2008-05-06

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