WO2009124664A1 - Tensioning device for a safety belt - Google Patents
Tensioning device for a safety belt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009124664A1 WO2009124664A1 PCT/EP2009/002258 EP2009002258W WO2009124664A1 WO 2009124664 A1 WO2009124664 A1 WO 2009124664A1 EP 2009002258 W EP2009002258 W EP 2009002258W WO 2009124664 A1 WO2009124664 A1 WO 2009124664A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- valve element
- channel
- pretensioner
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
- B60R22/4628—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
- B60R22/4628—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators
- B60R2022/4642—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators the gas directly propelling a flexible driving means, e.g. a plurality of successive masses, in a tubular chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
- B60R22/4628—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators
- B60R2022/4661—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by fluid actuators, e.g. pyrotechnic gas generators comprising venting means, e.g. for avoiding overpressure in case of fire or for allowing return motion with energy absorption
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tightening device for a safety belt, in particular in a motor vehicle.
- a tightening device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 195 12 660 C2.
- US Pat. No. 6,345,504 B1 discloses a tightening device according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein between the gas generator and a row of metal balls forming the force transmission device a piston element in the form of a plastic ball sealing the channel sealingly is provided.
- a blind hole and in the subsequent metal ball a through hole is made.
- a rod of a material that is harder than the plastic ball extends through the blind hole and the through hole.
- the rod causes the plastic ball to rupture to allow the gas to escape through the channel.
- the bursting process can not be controlled exactly, so that the nominal bursting pressure can not be set exactly reproducible.
- a ruptured plastic ball reliable pressure build-up is no longer possible and therefore ultimately endanger the reliability of the pretensioner device.
- DE 10 2005 029 032 A1 discloses a non-generic pretensioner device with a piston which is coupled to a tensioning element, by means of which the seat belt is tightened during a displacement of the piston caused by the combustion of a propellant charge.
- WO 2006 045727 A1 discloses a gas generator for inflating an airbag with a prestressed piston arranged displaceably in a diffusion chamber for opening or closing an opening between a combustion chamber and the diffusion chamber.
- the object of the invention is to provide a compact and functionally reliable tightening device with sufficient tightening power, in which the escape of gases into the environment is avoided.
- the invention solves this problem by the displaceable piston element in the channel forms a valve.
- the piston element has a pretensioned valve element which releases a passage through the piston element when a certain gas pressure is exceeded.
- the pressure level at which the valve opens can be set exactly.
- the gas can flow through the channel to reduce the overpressure, without gas escaping into the environment. Therefore, due to the invention occur no more overpressures in the tightening device.
- the valve element has an input-side, relative to the diameter of the valve element relatively small first piston surface. It is then a relatively high pressure required to open the valve without the bias generating element must be large dimensions.
- a second larger piston surface is provided subsequently, ie downstream of the first active surface.
- This stepped structure has the advantage that the valve opens substantially abruptly after opening the input-side valve stage, because the gas pressure on the larger second effective area generates a considerably greater force to overcome the bias voltage.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a Gurtaufwi- ckelhim in the region of the tightening device
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tightening device in FIG Area of the piston element
- FIG. 3 a detail view of FIG. 2 with the valve element open;
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of FIG. 2 with the valve element closed
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a tightening device in the region of the piston element in another embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of a piston element in another embodiment with the valve element open.
- Fig. 7 is a detail cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 with the valve element closed.
- the belt retractor shown schematically in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 11 with side legs 13, a belt winding shaft 12 mounted therein for a seatbelt, not shown, and a pretensioner 10 acting on the belt retracting shaft 12.
- the pretensioner 10 includes a non-rotatable with the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 connected drive wheel 14, which has, for example, an external toothing 15, a particular pyrotechnic gas generator 17 for generating a gas pressure and a gas generator 17 with the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 via the drive wheel 14 connecting Denden channel 16.
- the channel 16 is formed by a channel wall 24, the Part of the housing 11 or alternatively may be a separate component.
- a number of particular metallic balls 19 for transmitting the gas pressure generated by the gas generator 17 is provided on the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 via the drive wheel 14.
- the belt retractor is not limited in terms of the design of the interaction region 18 between the ball row 19 and the drive wheel and any coupling devices between the drive wheel 14 and the belt take-up shaft 12.
- the outer diameter of the metal balls 19 is expediently somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the channel 16, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 5.
- piston element 21 is further arranged, which is at least partially elastic and has an excess with respect to the channel 16 to seal the channel 16.
- the piston member 21 thus serves to prevent power loss due to gas flowing past the balls 19.
- the piston element 21 is expediently arranged in a region 23 between the gas generator 17 and the balls 19, that is to say directly in front of the first ball 19a in the direction of transmission of force, but this is not necessarily the case.
- FIG. 21 An embodiment of the piston element 21 is shown in FIG. It comprises an elongated, dimensionally stable body 25, for example made of metal or plastic, and an elastic sealing element 22 for sealing the channel 16.
- Oblong means that the axial extent of the piston element 21 is greater than the inner diameter of the channel 16, preferably at least 1, 5 times.
- the piston member 21 is substantially formed by two bulbous, separated by an annular constriction 28 segments 26, 27. This shaping of the piston member 21 provides a reduced friction the piston member 21 in curved portions of the channel 16th
- the piston element 21 has a bore 29 with an inlet opening 33 in the flow direction in front of the sealing element 22 and an outlet opening 36 in the flow direction downstream of the sealing element 22.
- An inlet opening facing away from the end of the bore 29 may be closed, for example by means of a screw 30.
- the outlet opening 36 is here formed by a lateral channel, but it may also be embodied in other ways, for example as a bore through the screw 30.
- a valve member 31 is arranged axially displaceable relative to the piston member 21.
- the valve element 31 is biased by means of a biasing element 32, which is designed here as a spring, so that it closes the inlet opening 33 in the pressureless state.
- the cone-shaped tip 34 of the valve element 31 is pressed against a corresponding sealing surface 35 of the piston element 21, so that a seal is formed here.
- the biasing element 32 causes the closing of the valve, so that the gas pressure again acts on the piston element 21 substantially without loss.
- the period of time in which the gas pressure is reduced by bypassing the sealing element 22 by the piston element 21 is thus limited to the presence of the overpressure.
- the diameter dl of the input-side opening is small, preferably at most half as large, compared to the diameter of the valve element 31 and the inner diameter D 20 of the bore 29. It is therefore a relatively high pressure adjustable at which the valve should open, without that the biasing member 32 must be particularly large dimensions.
- FIGS. 3, 25 and 4 A further advantageous embodiment is shown in FIGS. 3, 25 and 4.
- the piston member 21 forms with the bore 29 with the valve closed a subsequent, that is, downstream of the first sealing surface 35 arranged second sealing surface 37, as shown in Fig. 4.
- the piston element 21 in particular a cylindrical, 30 the inner diameter of the bore 29 corresponding piston portion 38.
- the diameter d2 of the downstream piston surface is preferably larger, in particular at least by a factor of 1.5, more preferably at least by the factor tor 2, as the diameter dl of the input-side piston surface.
- valve element 31 When the valve element 31 opens as a result of an overpressure, initially no passage through the piston element 21 is released, but the gas flows into a chamber 39 formed between the sealing surfaces 35 and 37, which is still sealed by the second sealing surface 37. Due to the significantly larger downstream piston surface, the gas pressure generates a significantly increased force on the valve element 31, which leads to a considerably accelerated displacement of the valve body 31, until finally the open state shown in FIG. 3 is reached, in which the passage through the valve body 31 is released.
- the downstream larger sealing surface 37 therefore causes a substantially sudden opening of the valve, allowing a faster and defined reduction of the overpressure.
- the valve element 31 is designed as a solid body with a head part 40 and an elongate shaft part 41 running inside the helical spring 32. Due to the high mass of the valve element 31, a sudden over-pressure on the gas generator side is required in a sudden stopping of the piston member 21 in the channel 16, in particular at the end of the tightening process, due to the inertia of the valve member 31 to open the valve. As a result, force peaks are reduced in particular when reversing the tensioning device 10. This is advantageous since, especially at the end of the tightening process, a rapid pressure reduction on the gas generator side is desired, in particular in order to facilitate the initiation of a countermovement.
- valve element 31 does not have to be designed as an elongate plunger.
- it is a simple ball as a valve element 31.
- the sealing surface 35 is then expediently adapted to the spherical shape.
- the valve element 31 has a pin-shaped portion 40 for forming the input-side seal, the diameter of which is matched to the input-side opening 33 with a precise fit.
- the valve opens only when a predetermined pressure level is exceeded for a certain period of time, which is sufficiently long to push the cylindrical portion 40 completely out of the inlet opening 33. This ensures that the valve does not open even at short-term pressure peaks.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Straffervorrichtung für einen Sicherheitsgurt Tensioning device for a safety belt
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Straffervorrichtung für einen Sicherheitsgurt, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a tightening device for a safety belt, in particular in a motor vehicle.
Eine Straffervorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 ist aus DE 195 12 660 C2 bekannt.A tightening device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 195 12 660 C2.
Bei derartigen Straffervorrichtungen ändern sich während des StraffVorgangs die Druckverhältnisse sehr stark. Der Entstehung von Überdrücken kann durch Reduzierung der Gasgeneratorleistung entgegengewirkt werden, was jedoch zu Lasten der Strafferleistung geht. Es sind des Weiteren Überdrucksicherungen in Form von Öffnungen in der Kanalwand bekannt, durch die Gas in die Umgebung austreten kann, siehe DE 195 45 795 Cl, US 6 363 722 Bl, US 6 532 739 B2. Diese Verlustleistung reduziert jedoch ebenfalls die Strafferleistung, zudem kann das austretende Gas zu einer unerwünschten offenen Flammenbildung führen.With such tightening devices, the pressure conditions change very much during the tightening process. The formation of overpressures can be counteracted by reducing the gas generator performance, but this is at the expense of penalties. There are also known overpressure safeguards in the form of openings in the channel wall through which gas can escape into the environment, see DE 195 45 795 C1, US 6,363,722 Bl, US 6,532,739 B2. However, this power loss also reduces the penalty, also the escaping gas can lead to unwanted open flame formation.
Aus US 6 345 504 Bl ist eine Straffervorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bekannt, wobei zwischen dem Gasgenerator und einer die Kraftübertragungseinrichtung bildenden Reihe von Metallkugeln ein Kolbenelement in Form einer den Ka- nal dichtend verschließenden Kunststoffkugel vorgesehen ist.US Pat. No. 6,345,504 B1 discloses a tightening device according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein between the gas generator and a row of metal balls forming the force transmission device a piston element in the form of a plastic ball sealing the channel sealingly is provided.
In der Kunststoffkugel ist ein Sackloch und in der nachfolgenden Metallkugel eine Durchgangsbohrung gefertigt. Ein Stab aus einem Material, das härter ist als die Kunststoffkugel, erstreckt sich durch das Sackloch und die Durchgangsbohrung. Beim Auftreten eines übernormalen Drucks verursacht der Stab ein Bersten der Kunststoffkugel, um ein Entweichen des Gases durch den Kanal zu gestatten. Jedoch lässt sich der Berstvorgang nicht exakt kontrollieren, so dass sich der Soll-Berst- druck nicht genau reproduzierbar einstellen lässt. Zudem ist bei geborstener Kunststoffkugel ein zuverlässiger Druckaufbau nicht mehr möglich und daher letztlich die Funktionssicherheit der Straffervorrichtung gefährdet.In the plastic ball a blind hole and in the subsequent metal ball a through hole is made. A rod of a material that is harder than the plastic ball extends through the blind hole and the through hole. Upon the occurrence of excess pressure, the rod causes the plastic ball to rupture to allow the gas to escape through the channel. However, the bursting process can not be controlled exactly, so that the nominal bursting pressure can not be set exactly reproducible. In addition, a ruptured plastic ball reliable pressure build-up is no longer possible and therefore ultimately endanger the reliability of the pretensioner device.
DE 10 2005 029 032 Al offenbart eine nicht gattungsgemäße Straffervorrichtung mit einem Kolben, der mit einem Spannelement gekoppelt ist, über das der Sicherheitsgurt bei einer durch Verbrennung eines Treibsatzes hervorgerufenen Verlage- rung des Kolbens gestrafft wird.DE 10 2005 029 032 A1 discloses a non-generic pretensioner device with a piston which is coupled to a tensioning element, by means of which the seat belt is tightened during a displacement of the piston caused by the combustion of a propellant charge.
WO 2006 045727 Al offenbart einen Gasgenerator zum Aufblasen eines Airbags mit einem in einer Diffusionskammer verschiebbar angeordneten, vorgespannten Kolben zum Öffnen oder Schließen einer Öffnung zwischen einer Verbrennungskämmer und der Diffusionskammer.WO 2006 045727 A1 discloses a gas generator for inflating an airbag with a prestressed piston arranged displaceably in a diffusion chamber for opening or closing an opening between a combustion chamber and the diffusion chamber.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine kompakte und funktionssichere Straffervorrichtung mit ausreichender Straf - ferleistung bereitzustellen, bei der das Austreten von Gasen in die Umgebung vermieden wird.The object of the invention is to provide a compact and functionally reliable tightening device with sufficient tightening power, in which the escape of gases into the environment is avoided.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe, indem das in dem Kanal verschiebbare Kolbenelement ein Ventil ausbildet. Mit anderen Worten handelt es sich um ein mit der Kraftübertragungseinrichtung mitfahrendes Ventil. Das Kolbenelement weist erfindungsgemäß ein vorgespanntes Ventilelement auf, das bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Gasdrucks einen Durchgang durch das Kolbenelement freigibt . Durch geeignete Wahl der Vorspannung kann das Druckniveau, bei dem das Ventil öffnet, exakt eingestellt werden. Bei geöffnetem Ventil kann das Gas durch den Kanal strömen, um den Überdruck abzubauen, ohne dass Gas in die Umgebung entweicht. Aufgrund der Erfindung treten daher keine Überdrücke mehr in der Straffervorrichtung auf.The invention solves this problem by the displaceable piston element in the channel forms a valve. In other words, it is a driving along with the power transmission valve. According to the invention, the piston element has a pretensioned valve element which releases a passage through the piston element when a certain gas pressure is exceeded. By suitable selection of the bias voltage, the pressure level at which the valve opens, can be set exactly. When the valve is open, the gas can flow through the channel to reduce the overpressure, without gas escaping into the environment. Therefore, due to the invention occur no more overpressures in the tightening device.
Bei einem Absinken des Drucks kann das Ventil aufgrund der Vorspannungsbeaufschlagung wieder geschlossen werden, um einen erneuten Druckaufbau und damit die Funktionssicherheit derAt a drop in pressure, the valve can be closed due to the Vorspannungsbeaufschlagung again to build up pressure and thus the reliability of
Straffervorrichtung sicherzustellen. Es ist daher immer eine Restkraft vorhanden und Krafteinbrüche werden deutlich reduziert. Insgesamt wird aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Drucksteuerung eine insgesamt vergleichmäßigte, im günstigsten Fall etwa konstante Strafferleistung erzielt.To ensure tightening device. It is therefore always a residual force available and power cuts are significantly reduced. Overall, due to the pressure control according to the invention, an overall uniformed, in the best case, approximately constant tensioning performance is achieved.
Vorzugsweise weist das Ventilelement eine eingangsseitige, im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser des Ventilelements relativ kleine erste Kolbenfläche auf. Es ist dann ein relativ hoher Druck erforderlich, um das Ventil zu öffnen, ohne dass das Vorspannung erzeugende Element groß dimensioniert sein muss.Preferably, the valve element has an input-side, relative to the diameter of the valve element relatively small first piston surface. It is then a relatively high pressure required to open the valve without the bias generating element must be large dimensions.
Vorzugsweise ist nachfolgend, das heißt stromabwärts von der ersten Wirkfläche eine zweite größere Kolbenfläche vorgesehen. Dieser stufenförmige Aufbau hat den Vorteil, dass das Ventil nach dem Öffnen der eingangsseitigen Ventilstufe im Wesentlichen schlagartig öffnet, weil der Gasdruck auf der größeren zweiten Wirkfläche eine erheblich größere Kraft zur Überwindung der Vorspannung erzeugt .Preferably, subsequently, ie downstream of the first active surface, a second larger piston surface is provided. This stepped structure has the advantage that the valve opens substantially abruptly after opening the input-side valve stage, because the gas pressure on the larger second effective area generates a considerably greater force to overcome the bias voltage.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren erläutert . Dabei zeigt :The invention will be explained below with reference to advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Showing:
Fig. 1: eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer Gurtaufwi- ckeleinheit im Bereich der Straffervorrichtung;1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a Gurtaufwi- ckeleinheit in the region of the tightening device;
Fig. 2: eine Querschnittsansicht einer Straffervorrichtung im Bereich des Kolbenelements;FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tightening device in FIG Area of the piston element;
Fig. 3: eine Detailansicht von Fig. 2 bei geöffnetem Ventilelement;FIG. 3: a detail view of FIG. 2 with the valve element open; FIG.
Fig. 4: eine Detailansicht von Fig. 2 bei geschlossenem Ventilelement;4 shows a detailed view of FIG. 2 with the valve element closed;
Fig. 5: eine Querschnittsansicht einer Straffervorrichtung im Bereich des Kolbenelements in einer anderen Ausführungsform;5 shows a cross-sectional view of a tightening device in the region of the piston element in another embodiment;
Fig. 6: eine Detail-Querschnittsansicht eines Kolbenelements in einer anderen Ausführungsform bei geöffnetem Ventil - element; und6 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of a piston element in another embodiment with the valve element open; and
Fig. 7: eine Detail-Querschnittsansicht gemäß Fig. 6 bei geschlossenem Ventilelement.Fig. 7 is a detail cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 with the valve element closed.
Der in Fig. 1 schematisch gezeigte Gurtaufroller umfasst ein Gehäuse 11 mit Seitenschenkel 13, eine darin gelagerte Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 für ein nicht dargestelltes Sicherheitsgurt - band und eine nach Auslösung auf die Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 einwirkende Straffervorrichtung 10. Die Straffervorrichtung 10 umfasst ein mit der Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 drehfest verbundenes Antriebsrad 14, das beispielsweise eine Außenverzahnung 15 aufweist, einen insbesondere pyrotechnischen Gasgenerator 17 zur Erzeugung eines Gasdrucks und einen den Gasgenerator 17 mit der Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 über das Antriebsrad 14 verbin- denden Kanal 16. Der Kanal 16 wird von einer Kanalwand 24 gebildet, die Teil des Gehäuses 11 oder alternativ eines separaten Bauteils sein kann. In dem Kanal 16 ist eine Reihe von insbesondere metallischen Kugeln 19 zur Übertragung des von dem Gasgenerator 17 erzeugten Gasdrucks auf die Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 über das Antriebsrad 14 vorgesehen. Der Gurtaufroller ist hinsichtlich der Aus- gestaltung des Wechselwirkungsbereichs 18 zwischen der Kugel - reihe 19 und dem Antriebsrad sowie etwaiger Kupplungseinrichtungen zwischen dem Antriebsrad 14 und der Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 nicht beschränkt . Zur reibungsarmen Kraftübertragung ist der Außendurchmesser der Metallkugeln 19 zweckmäßigerweise et- was geringer als der Innendurchmesser des Kanals 16, wie aus den Fig. 2 und 5 ersichtlich ist.The belt retractor shown schematically in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 11 with side legs 13, a belt winding shaft 12 mounted therein for a seatbelt, not shown, and a pretensioner 10 acting on the belt retracting shaft 12. The pretensioner 10 includes a non-rotatable with the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 connected drive wheel 14, which has, for example, an external toothing 15, a particular pyrotechnic gas generator 17 for generating a gas pressure and a gas generator 17 with the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 via the drive wheel 14 connecting Denden channel 16. The channel 16 is formed by a channel wall 24, the Part of the housing 11 or alternatively may be a separate component. In the channel 16, a number of particular metallic balls 19 for transmitting the gas pressure generated by the gas generator 17 is provided on the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12 via the drive wheel 14. The belt retractor is not limited in terms of the design of the interaction region 18 between the ball row 19 and the drive wheel and any coupling devices between the drive wheel 14 and the belt take-up shaft 12. For low-friction force transmission, the outer diameter of the metal balls 19 is expediently somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the channel 16, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 5.
In dem Kanal 16 ist weiterhin ein in Fig. 1 nur schematische angedeutetes Kolbenelement 21 angeordnet, das mindestens teil- weise elastisch ist und ein Übermaß gegenüber dem Kanal 16 aufweist, um den Kanal 16 abzudichten. Das Kolbenelement 21 dient somit zur Verhinderung von Verlustleistung aufgrund von an den Kugeln 19 vorbeiströmendem Gas. Das Kolbenelement 21 ist zweckmäßigerweise in einem Bereich 23 zwischen dem Gasge- nerator 17 und den Kugeln 19, das heißt unmittelbar vor der in Kraftübertragungsrichtung ersten Kugel 19a angeordnet, dies ist jedoch nicht zwingend der Fall.In the channel 16 a in Fig. 1 only schematically indicated piston element 21 is further arranged, which is at least partially elastic and has an excess with respect to the channel 16 to seal the channel 16. The piston member 21 thus serves to prevent power loss due to gas flowing past the balls 19. The piston element 21 is expediently arranged in a region 23 between the gas generator 17 and the balls 19, that is to say directly in front of the first ball 19a in the direction of transmission of force, but this is not necessarily the case.
Eine Ausführungsform des Kolbenelements 21 ist in Fig. 2 ge- zeigt. Es umfasst einen länglichen, formstabilen Körper 25 beispielsweise aus Metall oder Kunststoff, und ein elastisches Dichtelement 22 zur Abdichtung des Kanals 16. Länglich bedeutet, dass die axiale Erstreckung des Kolbenelements 21 größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Kanals 16, vorzugsweise um mindestens das 1,5- fache. Vorzugsweise ist das Kolbenelement 21 im Wesentlichen von zwei bauchigen, durch eine ringförmige Einschnürung 28 getrennten Segmenten 26, 27 gebildet. Diese Formung des Kolbenelements 21 sorgt eine verringerte Reibung des Kolbenelements 21 in gekrümmten Abschnitten des Kanals 16.An embodiment of the piston element 21 is shown in FIG. It comprises an elongated, dimensionally stable body 25, for example made of metal or plastic, and an elastic sealing element 22 for sealing the channel 16. Oblong means that the axial extent of the piston element 21 is greater than the inner diameter of the channel 16, preferably at least 1, 5 times. Preferably, the piston member 21 is substantially formed by two bulbous, separated by an annular constriction 28 segments 26, 27. This shaping of the piston member 21 provides a reduced friction the piston member 21 in curved portions of the channel 16th
Das Kolbenelement 21 weist eine Bohrung 29 mit einer Eingangsöffnung 33 in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Dichtelement 22 und einer Ausgangsöffnung 36 in Strömungsrichtung nach dem Dicht - element 22 auf. Ein der Eingangsöffnung abgewandtes Ende der Bohrung 29 kann beispielsweise mittels einer Schraube 30 verschlossen sein. Die Ausgangsöffnung 36 ist hier von einem seitlichen Kanal gebildet, sie kann jedoch auch in anderer Weise ausgeführt sein, beispielsweise als Bohrung durch die Schraube 30.The piston element 21 has a bore 29 with an inlet opening 33 in the flow direction in front of the sealing element 22 and an outlet opening 36 in the flow direction downstream of the sealing element 22. An inlet opening facing away from the end of the bore 29 may be closed, for example by means of a screw 30. The outlet opening 36 is here formed by a lateral channel, but it may also be embodied in other ways, for example as a bore through the screw 30.
In der Bohrung 29 ist ein Ventilelement 31 relativ zu dem Kolbenelement 21 axial verschiebbar angeordnet. Das Ventilelement 31 ist mittels eines Vorspannelements 32, das hier als Feder ausgebildet ist, vorgespannt, so dass es im druckslosen Zustand die Eingangsöffnung 33 verschließt. Die hier kegelförmige Spitze 34 des Ventilelements 31 wird an eine entsprechende Dichtfläche 35 des Kolbenelements 21 gepresst, so dass hier eine Dichtung gebildet ist. Solange der Gasdruck innerhalb eines bestimmten Betriebsbereichs liegt, ist somit das Ventil geschlossen und der Gasdruck wirkt im Wesentlichen verlustfrei auf das Kolbenelement 21 und somit über die Kugelreihe 19 und das Antriebsrad 14 auf die Gurtaufwickelwelle 12.In the bore 29, a valve member 31 is arranged axially displaceable relative to the piston member 21. The valve element 31 is biased by means of a biasing element 32, which is designed here as a spring, so that it closes the inlet opening 33 in the pressureless state. The cone-shaped tip 34 of the valve element 31 is pressed against a corresponding sealing surface 35 of the piston element 21, so that a seal is formed here. As long as the gas pressure is within a certain operating range, thus the valve is closed and the gas pressure acts substantially lossless on the piston member 21 and thus on the ball row 19 and the drive wheel 14 on the Gurtaufwickelwelle 12th
Wenn der von dem Gasgenerator 17 erzeugte Gasdruck relativ zu dem auf der Ausgangsseite des Kolbenelements 21 herrschenden Druck eine durch die Feder 32 definierte Schwelle überschreitet, wird das Ventilelement 31 gegen die Kraft der Feder 32 verschoben und die Spitze 34 wird von der Dichtfläche 35 angehoben, so dass Gas durch die Bohrung 29 strömen und durch die Ausgangsöffnung entweichen kann, wie in Fig.2 mittels Pfeilen angedeutet ist . Auf diese Weise wird das Auftreten von schäd- liehen Überdrücken in dem Bereich 23 bzw. in dem Kanal 16 vermieden. Das Gas strömt an den Kugeln 19 vorbei durch den Kanal 16. Aufgrund des in dem Gehäuse 11 insgesamt zur Verfügung stehenden Volumens kann der Überdruck problemlos abgebaut wer- 5 den, eine Öffnung in dem Gehäuse 11 zu der Umgebung hin ist nicht erforderlich. Daher wird das Austreten von Gasen aus der Straffervorrichtung 10 in die Umgebung und offene Flammenbildung vermieden .If the gas pressure generated by the gas generator 17 relative to the pressure prevailing on the output side of the piston member 21 exceeds a threshold defined by the spring 32, the valve member 31 is displaced against the force of the spring 32 and the tip 34 is lifted from the sealing surface 35, so that gas can flow through the bore 29 and escape through the outlet opening, as indicated in Figure 2 by means of arrows. In this way, the occurrence of harmful Overpressures in the region 23 or in the channel 16 are avoided. The gas flows past the balls 19 through the channel 16. Due to the total volume available in the housing 11, the overpressure can easily be reduced, and an opening in the housing 11 towards the surroundings is not required. Therefore, the escape of gases from the tensioner device 10 into the environment and open flame formation is avoided.
lo Wenn der Gasdruck unter ein bestimmtes Niveau abfällt, bewirkt das Vorspannelement 32 das Schließen des Ventils, so dass der Gasdruck wieder im Wesentlichen verlustfrei auf das Kolbenelement 21 wirkt. Der Zeitraum, in der der Gasdruck unter Umgehung des Dichtelements 22 durch das Kolbenelement 21 abgebaut i5 wird, ist also auf das Vorliegen des Überdrucks beschränkt.When the gas pressure drops below a certain level, the biasing element 32 causes the closing of the valve, so that the gas pressure again acts on the piston element 21 substantially without loss. The period of time in which the gas pressure is reduced by bypassing the sealing element 22 by the piston element 21 is thus limited to the presence of the overpressure.
Der Durchmesser dl der eingangsseitigen Öffnung ist klein, vorzugsweise höchstens halb so groß, im Vergleich zu dem Durchmesser des Ventilelements 31 bzw. dem Innendurchmesser D 20 der Bohrung 29. Es ist daher ein relativ hoher Druck einstellbar, bei dem das Ventil öffnen soll, ohne dass das Vorspannelement 32 besonders groß dimensioniert sein muss.The diameter dl of the input-side opening is small, preferably at most half as large, compared to the diameter of the valve element 31 and the inner diameter D 20 of the bore 29. It is therefore a relatively high pressure adjustable at which the valve should open, without that the biasing member 32 must be particularly large dimensions.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist in den Fig. 3 25 und 4 gezeigt. Hier bildet das Kolbenelement 21 mit der Bohrung 29 bei geschlossenem Ventil eine nachfolgende, das heißt stromabwärts von der ersten Dichtfläche 35 angeordnete zweite Dichtfläche 37 aus, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist. Zu diesem Zweck weist das Kolbenelement 21 insbesondere einen zylindrischen, 30 dem Innendurchmesser der Bohrung 29 entsprechenden Kolbenabschnitt 38 auf. Der Durchmesser d2 der nachgeordneten Kolbenfläche ist dabei vorzugsweise größer, insbesondere mindestens um den Faktor 1.5, weiter vorzugsweise mindestens um den Fak- tor 2, als der Durchmesser dl der eingangsseitigen Kolbenfläche .A further advantageous embodiment is shown in FIGS. 3, 25 and 4. Here, the piston member 21 forms with the bore 29 with the valve closed a subsequent, that is, downstream of the first sealing surface 35 arranged second sealing surface 37, as shown in Fig. 4. For this purpose, the piston element 21 in particular a cylindrical, 30 the inner diameter of the bore 29 corresponding piston portion 38. The diameter d2 of the downstream piston surface is preferably larger, in particular at least by a factor of 1.5, more preferably at least by the factor tor 2, as the diameter dl of the input-side piston surface.
Wenn das Ventilelement 31 infolge eines Überdrucks öffnet, wird zunächst noch kein Durchgang durch das Kolbenelement 21 freigegeben, sondern das Gas strömt in eine zwischen den Dichtflächen 35 und 37 gebildete Kammer 39, die noch durch die zweite Dichtfläche 37 abgedichtet ist. Der Gasdruck erzeugt dabei aufgrund der erheblich größeren nachgeordneten Kolben- fläche eine signifikant erhöhte Kraft auf das Ventilelement 31, was zu einer erheblich beschleunigten Verschiebung des Ventilkörpers 31 führt, bis schließlich der in Fig. 3 gezeigte geöffnete Zustand erreicht ist, bei dem der Durchgang durch den Ventilkörper 31 freigegeben ist. Die nachgeordnete größere Dichtfläche 37 bewirkt daher ein im Wesentlichen schlagartiges Öffnen des Ventils, was einen schnelleren und definierten Abbau des Überdrucks ermöglicht .When the valve element 31 opens as a result of an overpressure, initially no passage through the piston element 21 is released, but the gas flows into a chamber 39 formed between the sealing surfaces 35 and 37, which is still sealed by the second sealing surface 37. Due to the significantly larger downstream piston surface, the gas pressure generates a significantly increased force on the valve element 31, which leads to a considerably accelerated displacement of the valve body 31, until finally the open state shown in FIG. 3 is reached, in which the passage through the valve body 31 is released. The downstream larger sealing surface 37 therefore causes a substantially sudden opening of the valve, allowing a faster and defined reduction of the overpressure.
In den Ausführungsformen gemäß Figuren 2 bis 4 ist das Ventil - element 31 als massiver Körper mit einem Kopfteil 40 und einem innerhalb der Schraubenfeder 32 verlaufenden länglichen Schaftteil 41 ausgebildet. Aufgrund der hohen Masse des Ventilelements 31 ist bei einem schlagartigen Stoppen des Kolbenelements 21 in dem Kanal 16, insbesondere am Ende des Straff - Vorgangs, aufgrund der Trägheit des Ventilelements 31 ein verringerter Überdruck auf der Gasgeneratorseite erforderlich, um das Ventil zu öffnen. Dadurch werden Kraftüberhöhungen insbesondere beim Umsteuern der Straffervorrichtung 10 reduziert. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da insbesondere am Ende des Straffvor- gangs ein schneller Druckabbau auf der Gasgeneratorseite erwünscht ist, insbesondere um die Einleitung einer Gegenbewegung zu erleichtern. Die Ausführungsformen gemäß Figuren 5 bis 7 verdeutlichen, dass das Ventilelement 31 nicht als länglicher Stößel ausgeführt sein muss. In der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 5 handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine einfache Kugel als Ventilele- ment 31. Die Dichtfläche 35 ist dann zweckmäßigerweise an die Kugelform angepasst .In the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 4, the valve element 31 is designed as a solid body with a head part 40 and an elongate shaft part 41 running inside the helical spring 32. Due to the high mass of the valve element 31, a sudden over-pressure on the gas generator side is required in a sudden stopping of the piston member 21 in the channel 16, in particular at the end of the tightening process, due to the inertia of the valve member 31 to open the valve. As a result, force peaks are reduced in particular when reversing the tensioning device 10. This is advantageous since, especially at the end of the tightening process, a rapid pressure reduction on the gas generator side is desired, in particular in order to facilitate the initiation of a countermovement. The embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 7 make clear that the valve element 31 does not have to be designed as an elongate plunger. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, for example, it is a simple ball as a valve element 31. The sealing surface 35 is then expediently adapted to the spherical shape.
In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 6 und 7 weist das Ventilelement 31 zur Bildung der eingangsseitigen Dichtung einen stiftförmigen Abschnitt 40 auf, dessen Durchmesser passgenau auf die eingangsseitige Öffnung 33 abgestimmt ist. Bei dieser Anordnung öffnet das Ventil nur, wenn ein vorbestimmtes Druckniveau für eine bestimmte Zeitspanne überschritten wird, die ausreichend lang ist, um den zylindrischen Abschnitt 40 vollständig aus der Eingangsöffnung 33 herauszuschieben. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das Ventil nicht bereits bei nur kurzzeitigen Druckspitzen öffnet. In the preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the valve element 31 has a pin-shaped portion 40 for forming the input-side seal, the diameter of which is matched to the input-side opening 33 with a precise fit. With this arrangement, the valve opens only when a predetermined pressure level is exceeded for a certain period of time, which is sufficiently long to push the cylindrical portion 40 completely out of the inlet opening 33. This ensures that the valve does not open even at short-term pressure peaks.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810018124 DE102008018124B4 (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2008-04-09 | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
| DE102008018124.2 | 2008-04-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009124664A1 true WO2009124664A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
Family
ID=41057615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2009/002258 Ceased WO2009124664A1 (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2009-03-27 | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102008018124B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009124664A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011044997A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pretensioning device for a belt retractor of a safety belt |
| WO2011050909A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Autoliv Development Ab | Safety belt retractor having a tensioning device |
| WO2011066909A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a seat belt |
| EP2335985A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | Takata Corporation | Seat belt retractor and seat belt apparatus including the same |
| WO2011134574A1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-11-03 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
| WO2016135034A1 (en) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-09-01 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a seat belt |
| DE102016105540A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Autoliv Development Ab | Belt tensioner with two-part piston |
| CN107264467A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-20 | 上海和励信息科技有限公司 | Prefastening tensioning apparatus, driver element and prefastening safety device |
| DE102018121999A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-12 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pyrotechnic tensioning device for a seat belt of a seat belt device with a force limiting device |
| CN111196243A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-26 | 延锋汽车智能安全系统有限责任公司 | Piston, safety belt retractor and pre-tightening safety belt |
| WO2020119405A1 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | 奥托立夫开发公司 | Rotary tightening device for safety belt, and piston for same |
| DE102015211446B4 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2020-08-20 | Joyson Safety Systems Germany Gmbh | Tensioner drive for a seat belt device |
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| DE102009030215B4 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2013-03-07 | Autoliv Development Ab | Seat belt device with a belt tensioner and a force limiting device |
| DE102014020147B4 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2025-05-15 | Joyson Safety Systems Germany Gmbh | Tensioner drive for a belt retractor |
| DE102014222160B4 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2024-05-02 | Joyson Safety Systems Germany Gmbh | Tensioner drive for a belt retractor |
| JP7651379B2 (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2025-03-26 | Ｊｏｙｓｏｎ Ｓａｆｅｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ Ｊａｐａｎ合同会社 | Pretensioner, retractor and seatbelt device |
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| US20030122362A1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki-Seisakusho | Pretensioner device |
| DE102004045977A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-23 | Trw Automotive Gmbh | Seatbelt tightening device, comprising pressure regulating element located in front of jet |
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| US6345504B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2002-02-12 | Takata Corporation | Pretensioner with gas escape mechanism |
| JP2001225723A (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-21 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Pretensioner for seat belt device |
| US20030122362A1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki-Seisakusho | Pretensioner device |
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Cited By (24)
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| WO2011044997A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pretensioning device for a belt retractor of a safety belt |
| DE102009049576B4 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2016-02-25 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tightening device for a belt retractor of a safety belt |
| CN102596653A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-07-18 | 奥托立夫开发公司 | Safety belt retractor having a tensioning device |
| WO2011050909A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Autoliv Development Ab | Safety belt retractor having a tensioning device |
| CN102596653B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2014-10-08 | 奥托立夫开发公司 | Seat belt automatic retractor with tensioning device |
| DE102009056244A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
| DE102009056244B4 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2015-10-29 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
| WO2011066909A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a seat belt |
| US8684294B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2014-04-01 | Takata Corporation | Seat belt retractor and seat belt apparatus including the same |
| EP2335985A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | Takata Corporation | Seat belt retractor and seat belt apparatus including the same |
| WO2011134574A1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-11-03 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a safety belt |
| WO2016135034A1 (en) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-09-01 | Autoliv Development Ab | Tensioning device for a seat belt |
| DE102015211446B4 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2020-08-20 | Joyson Safety Systems Germany Gmbh | Tensioner drive for a seat belt device |
| DE102016105540A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Autoliv Development Ab | Belt tensioner with two-part piston |
| DE102016105540B4 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-01-24 | Autoliv Development Ab | Belt tensioner with two-part piston |
| CN107264467B (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2019-06-25 | 和励科技有限公司 | Preloaded tensioners, drive units and preloaded safety devices |
| CN107264467A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-20 | 上海和励信息科技有限公司 | Prefastening tensioning apparatus, driver element and prefastening safety device |
| DE102018121999A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-12 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pyrotechnic tensioning device for a seat belt of a seat belt device with a force limiting device |
| DE102018121999B4 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2023-08-31 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pyrotechnic tightening device for a safety belt of a safety belt device with a force limiting device |
| US11970132B2 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2024-04-30 | Autoliv Development Ab | Pyrotechnic tightening device for a safety belt of a safety belt unit having a force-limiting unit |
| CN111196243A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-26 | 延锋汽车智能安全系统有限责任公司 | Piston, safety belt retractor and pre-tightening safety belt |
| CN111196243B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2024-06-04 | 延锋汽车智能安全系统有限责任公司 | Piston, seat belt retractor and pretensioned seat belt |
| WO2020119405A1 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | 奥托立夫开发公司 | Rotary tightening device for safety belt, and piston for same |
| CN111301340A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 奥托立夫开发公司 | Rotary tightening device for safety belt and piston body thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008018124B4 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
| DE102008018124A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
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